mpv_curses.c

   1 /*
   2
   3     Minimum Profit - Programmer Text Editor
   4
   5     Curses driver.
   6
   7     Copyright (C) 1991-2010 Angel Ortega <angel@triptico.com>
   8
   9     This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  10     modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License
  11     as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2
  12     of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
  13
  14     This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  15     but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  16     MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  17     GNU General Public License for more details.
  18
  19     You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  20     along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  21     Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307, USA.
  22
  23     http://www.triptico.com
  24
  25 */
  26
  27 #include "config.h"
  28
  29 #ifdef CONFOPT_CURSES
  30
  31 #include <stdio.h>
  32 #include <wchar.h>
  33 #include <stdlib.h>
  34 #include <string.h>
  35 #include <signal.h>
  36 #include <fcntl.h>
  37 #include <unistd.h>
  38 #include <sys/stat.h>
  39 #include <sys/ioctl.h>
  40
  41 #include <ncursesw/ncurses.h>
  42
  43 #include "mpdm.h"
  44 #include "mpsl.h"
  45
  46 #include "mp.h"
  47
  48 /** data **/
  49
  50 /* the curses attributes */
  51 int *nc_attrs = NULL;
  52
  53 /* code for the 'normal' attribute */
  54 static int normal_attr = 0;
  55
  56 /* current window */
  57 static WINDOW *cw = NULL;
  58
  59 /* stack of windows */
  60 static int n_stack = 0;
  61 static WINDOW **w_stack = NULL;
  62
  63 /* last attr set */
  64 static int last_attr = 0;
  65
  66 /* timer function */
  67 static int timer_msecs = 0;
  68 static mpdm_t timer_func = NULL;
  69
  70 /** code **/
  71
  72 static void set_attr(void)
  73 /* set the current and fill attributes */
  74 {
  75     wattrset(cw, nc_attrs[last_attr]);
  76     wbkgdset(cw, ' ' | nc_attrs[last_attr]);
  77 }
  78
  79
  80 static void nc_sigwinch(int s)
  81 /* SIGWINCH signal handler */
  82 {
  83     mpdm_t v;
  84
  85 #ifdef NCURSES_VERSION
  86     /* Make sure that window size changes... */
  87     struct winsize ws;
  88
  89     int fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR);
  90
  91     if (fd == -1)
  92         return;                 /* This should never have to happen! */
  93
  94     if (ioctl(fd, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) == 0)
  95         resizeterm(ws.ws_row, ws.ws_col);
  96
  97     close(fd);
  98 #else
  99     /* restart curses */
 100     /* ... */
 101 #endif
 102
 103     /* invalidate main window */
 104     clearok(stdscr, 1);
 105     refresh();
 106
 107     /* re-set dimensions */
 108     v = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"window");
 109     mpdm_hset_s(v, L"tx", MPDM_I(COLS));
 110     mpdm_hset_s(v, L"ty", MPDM_I(LINES));
 111
 112     /* reattach */
 113     signal(SIGWINCH, nc_sigwinch);
 114 }
 115
 116
 117 #ifdef CONFOPT_WGET_WCH
 118 int wget_wch(WINDOW * w, wint_t * ch);
 119 #endif
 120
 121 static wchar_t *nc_getwch(void)
 122 /* gets a key as a wchar_t */
 123 {
 124     static wchar_t c[2];
 125
 126 #ifdef CONFOPT_WGET_WCH
 127
 128     /* set timer period */
 129     if (timer_msecs > 0)
 130         timeout(timer_msecs);
 131
 132     if (wget_wch(stdscr, (wint_t *) c) == -1)
 133         c[0] = (wchar_t) - 1;
 134
 135 #else
 136     char tmp[MB_CUR_MAX + 1];
 137     int cc, n = 0;
 138
 139     /* read one byte */
 140     cc = wgetch(cw);
 141     if (has_key(cc)) {
 142         c[0] = cc;
 143         return c;
 144     }
 145
 146     /* set to non-blocking */
 147     nodelay(cw, 1);
 148
 149     /* read all possible following characters */
 150     tmp[n++] = cc;
 151     while (n < sizeof(tmp) - 1 && (cc = getch()) != ERR)
 152         tmp[n++] = cc;
 153
 154     /* sets input as blocking */
 155     nodelay(cw, 0);
 156
 157     tmp[n] = '\0';
 158     mbstowcs(c, tmp, n);
 159 #endif
 160
 161     c[1] = '\0';
 162     return c;
 163 }
 164
 165
 166 #define ctrl(k) ((k) & 31)
 167
 168 static mpdm_t nc_getkey(mpdm_t args, mpdm_t ctxt)
 169 /* reads a key and converts to an action */
 170 {
 171     static int shift = 0;
 172     wchar_t *f = NULL;
 173     mpdm_t k = NULL;
 174
 175     /* any pending key? return it */
 176     if ((k = mp_pending_key()) != NULL)
 177         return k;
 178
 179     f = nc_getwch();
 180
 181     if (f[0] == -1) {
 182         mpdm_void(mpdm_exec(timer_func, NULL, NULL));
 183         return NULL;
 184     }
 185
 186     if (shift) {
 187         switch (f[0]) {
 188         case L'0':
 189             f = L"f10";
 190             break;
 191         case L'1':
 192             f = L"f1";
 193             break;
 194         case L'2':
 195             f = L"f2";
 196             break;
 197         case L'3':
 198             f = L"f3";
 199             break;
 200         case L'4':
 201             f = L"f4";
 202             break;
 203         case L'5':
 204             f = L"f5";
 205             break;
 206         case L'6':
 207             f = L"f6";
 208             break;
 209         case L'7':
 210             f = L"f7";
 211             break;
 212         case L'8':
 213             f = L"f8";
 214             break;
 215         case L'9':
 216             f = L"f9";
 217             break;
 218         case KEY_LEFT:
 219             f = L"alt-cursor-left";
 220             break;
 221         case KEY_RIGHT:
 222             f = L"alt-cursor-right";
 223             break;
 224         case KEY_DOWN:
 225             f = L"alt-cursor-down";
 226             break;
 227         case KEY_UP:
 228             f = L"alt-cursor-up";
 229             break;
 230         case KEY_END:
 231             f = L"alt-end";
 232             break;
 233         case KEY_HOME:
 234             f = L"alt-home";
 235             break;
 236         case L'\r':
 237             f = L"alt-enter";
 238             break;
 239         case L'\e':
 240             f = L"escape";
 241             break;
 242         case KEY_ENTER:
 243             f = L"alt-enter";
 244             break;
 245         case L' ':
 246             f = L"alt-space";
 247             break;
 248         case L'a':
 249             f = L"alt-a";
 250             break;
 251         case L'b':
 252             f = L"alt-b";
 253             break;
 254         case L'c':
 255             f = L"alt-c";
 256             break;
 257         case L'd':
 258             f = L"alt-d";
 259             break;
 260         case L'e':
 261             f = L"alt-e";
 262             break;
 263         case L'f':
 264             f = L"alt-f";
 265             break;
 266         case L'g':
 267             f = L"alt-g";
 268             break;
 269         case L'h':
 270             f = L"alt-h";
 271             break;
 272         case L'i':
 273             f = L"alt-i";
 274             break;
 275         case L'j':
 276             f = L"alt-j";
 277             break;
 278         case L'k':
 279             f = L"alt-k";
 280             break;
 281         case L'l':
 282             f = L"alt-l";
 283             break;
 284         case L'm':
 285             f = L"alt-m";
 286             break;
 287         case L'n':
 288             f = L"alt-n";
 289             break;
 290         case L'o':
 291             f = L"alt-o";
 292             break;
 293         case L'p':
 294             f = L"alt-p";
 295             break;
 296         case L'q':
 297             f = L"alt-q";
 298             break;
 299         case L'r':
 300             f = L"alt-r";
 301             break;
 302         case L's':
 303             f = L"alt-s";
 304             break;
 305         case L't':
 306             f = L"alt-t";
 307             break;
 308         case L'u':
 309             f = L"alt-u";
 310             break;
 311         case L'v':
 312             f = L"alt-v";
 313             break;
 314         case L'w':
 315             f = L"alt-w";
 316             break;
 317         case L'x':
 318             f = L"alt-x";
 319             break;
 320         case L'y':
 321             f = L"alt-y";
 322             break;
 323         case L'z':
 324             f = L"alt-z";
 325             break;
 326         case L'\'':
 327             f = L"alt-'";
 328             break;
 329         case L',':
 330             f = L"alt-,";
 331             break;
 332         case L'-':
 333             f = L"alt--";
 334             break;
 335         case L'.':
 336             f = L"alt-.";
 337             break;
 338         case L'/':
 339             f = L"alt-/";
 340             break;
 341         case L'=':
 342             f = L"alt-=";
 343             break;
 344         }
 345
 346         shift = 0;
 347     }
 348     else {
 349         switch (f[0]) {
 350         case KEY_LEFT:
 351             f = L"cursor-left";
 352             break;
 353         case KEY_RIGHT:
 354             f = L"cursor-right";
 355             break;
 356         case KEY_UP:
 357             f = L"cursor-up";
 358             break;
 359         case KEY_DOWN:
 360             f = L"cursor-down";
 361             break;
 362         case KEY_PPAGE:
 363             f = L"page-up";
 364             break;
 365         case KEY_NPAGE:
 366             f = L"page-down";
 367             break;
 368         case KEY_HOME:
 369             f = L"home";
 370             break;
 371         case KEY_END:
 372             f = L"end";
 373             break;
 374         case KEY_LL:
 375             f = L"end";
 376             break;
 377         case KEY_IC:
 378             f = L"insert";
 379             break;
 380         case KEY_DC:
 381             f = L"delete";
 382             break;
 383         case 0x7f:
 384         case KEY_BACKSPACE:
 385         case L'\b':
 386             f = L"backspace";
 387             break;
 388         case L'\r':
 389         case KEY_ENTER:
 390             f = L"enter";
 391             break;
 392         case L'\t':
 393             f = L"tab";
 394             break;
 395         case KEY_BTAB:
 396             f = L"shift-tab";
 397             break;
 398         case L' ':
 399             f = L"space";
 400             break;
 401         case KEY_F(1):
 402             f = L"f1";
 403             break;
 404         case KEY_F(2):
 405             f = L"f2";
 406             break;
 407         case KEY_F(3):
 408             f = L"f3";
 409             break;
 410         case KEY_F(4):
 411             f = L"f4";
 412             break;
 413         case KEY_F(5):
 414             f = L"f5";
 415             break;
 416         case KEY_F(6):
 417             f = L"f6";
 418             break;
 419         case KEY_F(7):
 420             f = L"f7";
 421             break;
 422         case KEY_F(8):
 423             f = L"f8";
 424             break;
 425         case KEY_F(9):
 426             f = L"f9";
 427             break;
 428         case KEY_F(10):
 429             f = L"f10";
 430             break;
 431         case ctrl(' '):
 432             f = L"ctrl-space";
 433             break;
 434         case ctrl('a'):
 435             f = L"ctrl-a";
 436             break;
 437         case ctrl('b'):
 438             f = L"ctrl-b";
 439             break;
 440         case ctrl('c'):
 441             f = L"ctrl-c";
 442             break;
 443         case ctrl('d'):
 444             f = L"ctrl-d";
 445             break;
 446         case ctrl('e'):
 447             f = L"ctrl-e";
 448             break;
 449         case ctrl('f'):
 450             f = L"ctrl-f";
 451             break;
 452         case ctrl('g'):
 453             f = L"ctrl-g";
 454             break;
 455         case ctrl('j'):
 456             f = L"ctrl-j";
 457             break;
 458         case ctrl('k'):
 459             f = L"ctrl-k";
 460             break;
 461         case ctrl('l'):
 462             f = L"ctrl-l";
 463             break;
 464         case ctrl('n'):
 465             f = L"ctrl-n";
 466             break;
 467         case ctrl('o'):
 468             f = L"ctrl-o";
 469             break;
 470         case ctrl('p'):
 471             f = L"ctrl-p";
 472             break;
 473         case ctrl('q'):
 474             f = L"ctrl-q";
 475             break;
 476         case ctrl('r'):
 477             f = L"ctrl-r";
 478             break;
 479         case ctrl('s'):
 480             f = L"ctrl-s";
 481             break;
 482         case ctrl('t'):
 483             f = L"ctrl-t";
 484             break;
 485         case ctrl('u'):
 486             f = L"ctrl-u";
 487             break;
 488         case ctrl('v'):
 489             f = L"ctrl-v";
 490             break;
 491         case ctrl('w'):
 492             f = L"ctrl-w";
 493             break;
 494         case ctrl('x'):
 495             f = L"ctrl-x";
 496             break;
 497         case ctrl('y'):
 498             f = L"ctrl-y";
 499             break;
 500         case ctrl('z'):
 501             f = L"ctrl-z";
 502             break;
 503         case L'\e':
 504             shift = 1;
 505             f = NULL;
 506             break;
 507         }
 508     }
 509
 510     if (f != NULL) {
 511         mpdm_t t;
 512
 513         k = mpdm_ref(MPDM_S(f));
 514
 515         if ((t = mp_process_keyseq(k)) != k) {
 516             mpdm_unref(k);
 517             k = t;
 518         }
 519         else
 520             mpdm_unrefnd(t);
 521     }
 522
 523     return k;
 524 }
 525
 526
 527 static mpdm_t nc_addwstr(mpdm_t str)
 528 /* draws a string */
 529 {
 530     wchar_t *wptr = mpdm_string(str);
 531
 532 #ifndef CONFOPT_ADDWSTR
 533     char *cptr;
 534
 535     cptr = mpdm_wcstombs(wptr, NULL);
 536     waddstr(cw, cptr);
 537     free(cptr);
 538
 539 #else
 540     waddwstr(cw, wptr);
 541 #endif                          /* CONFOPT_ADDWSTR */
 542
 543     return NULL;
 544 }
 545
 546
 547 static mpdm_t nc_doc_draw(mpdm_t args, mpdm_t ctxt)
 548 /* draws the document part */
 549 {
 550     mpdm_t d;
 551     int n, m;
 552
 553     werase(cw);
 554
 555     d = mpdm_aget(args, 0);
 556     d = mpdm_ref(mp_draw(d, 0));
 557
 558     for (n = 0; n < mpdm_size(d); n++) {
 559         mpdm_t l = mpdm_aget(d, n);
 560
 561         wmove(cw, n, 0);
 562
 563         for (m = 0; m < mpdm_size(l); m++) {
 564             int attr;
 565             mpdm_t s;
 566
 567             /* get the attribute and the string */
 568             attr = mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(l, m++));
 569             s = mpdm_aget(l, m);
 570
 571             wattrset(cw, nc_attrs[attr]);
 572             nc_addwstr(s);
 573         }
 574     }
 575
 576     mpdm_unref(d);
 577
 578     return NULL;
 579 }
 580
 581
 582 static void build_colors(void)
 583 /* builds the colors */
 584 {
 585     mpdm_t colors;
 586     mpdm_t color_names;
 587     mpdm_t l;
 588     mpdm_t c;
 589     int n, s;
 590
 591 #ifdef CONFOPT_TRANSPARENCY
 592     use_default_colors();
 593
 594 #define DEFAULT_INK -1
 595 #define DEFAULT_PAPER -1
 596
 597 #else                           /* CONFOPT_TRANSPARENCY */
 598
 599 #define DEFAULT_INK COLOR_BLACK
 600 #define DEFAULT_PAPER COLOR_WHITE
 601
 602 #endif
 603
 604     /* gets the color definitions and attribute names */
 605     colors = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"colors");
 606     color_names = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"color_names");
 607     l = mpdm_ref(mpdm_keys(colors));
 608     s = mpdm_size(l);
 609
 610     /* redim the structures */
 611     nc_attrs = realloc(nc_attrs, sizeof(int) * s);
 612
 613     /* loop the colors */
 614     for (n = 0; n < s && (c = mpdm_aget(l, n)) != NULL; n++) {
 615         mpdm_t d = mpdm_hget(colors, c);
 616         mpdm_t v = mpdm_hget_s(d, L"text");
 617         int cp, c0, c1;
 618
 619         /* store the 'normal' attribute */
 620         if (wcscmp(mpdm_string(c), L"normal") == 0)
 621             normal_attr = n;
 622
 623         /* store the attr */
 624         mpdm_hset_s(d, L"attr", MPDM_I(n));
 625
 626         /* get color indexes */
 627         if ((c0 = mpdm_seek(color_names, mpdm_aget(v, 0), 1)) == -1 ||
 628             (c1 = mpdm_seek(color_names, mpdm_aget(v, 1), 1)) == -1)
 629             continue;
 630
 631         init_pair(n + 1, c0 - 1, c1 - 1);
 632         cp = COLOR_PAIR(n + 1);
 633
 634         /* flags */
 635         v = mpdm_hget_s(d, L"flags");
 636         if (mpdm_seek_s(v, L"reverse", 1) != -1)
 637             cp |= A_REVERSE;
 638         if (mpdm_seek_s(v, L"bright", 1) != -1)
 639             cp |= A_BOLD;
 640         if (mpdm_seek_s(v, L"underline", 1) != -1)
 641             cp |= A_UNDERLINE;
 642
 643         nc_attrs[n] = cp;
 644     }
 645
 646     /* set the background filler */
 647     wbkgdset(cw, ' ' | nc_attrs[normal_attr]);
 648
 649     mpdm_unref(l);
 650 }
 651
 652
 653 /** driver functions **/
 654
 655 static mpdm_t ncursesw_drv_timer(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 656 {
 657     mpdm_t func = mpdm_aget(a, 1);
 658
 659     timer_msecs = mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 0));
 660
 661     mpdm_ref(func);
 662     mpdm_unref(timer_func);
 663     timer_func = func;
 664
 665     return NULL;
 666 }
 667
 668
 669 static mpdm_t ncursesw_drv_shutdown(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 670 {
 671     mpdm_t v;
 672
 673     endwin();
 674
 675     if ((v = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"exit_message")) != NULL) {
 676         mpdm_write_wcs(stdout, mpdm_string(v));
 677         printf("\n");
 678     }
 679
 680     return NULL;
 681 }
 682
 683
 684 /** TUI **/
 685
 686 static mpdm_t tui_addstr(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 687 /* TUI: add a string */
 688 {
 689     return nc_addwstr(mpdm_aget(a, 0));
 690 }
 691
 692
 693 static mpdm_t tui_move(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 694 /* TUI: move to a screen position */
 695 {
 696     /* curses' move() use y, x */
 697     wmove(cw, mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 1)), mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 0)));
 698
 699     /* if third argument is not NULL, clear line */
 700     if (mpdm_aget(a, 2) != NULL)
 701         wclrtoeol(cw);
 702
 703     return NULL;
 704 }
 705
 706
 707 static mpdm_t tui_attr(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 708 /* TUI: set attribute for next string */
 709 {
 710     last_attr = mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 0));
 711
 712     set_attr();
 713
 714     return NULL;
 715 }
 716
 717
 718 static mpdm_t tui_refresh(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 719 /* TUI: refresh the screen */
 720 {
 721     wrefresh(cw);
 722     return NULL;
 723 }
 724
 725
 726 static mpdm_t tui_getxy(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 727 /* TUI: returns the x and y cursor position */
 728 {
 729     mpdm_t v;
 730     int x, y;
 731
 732     getyx(cw, y, x);
 733
 734     v = MPDM_A(2);
 735     mpdm_ref(v);
 736
 737     mpdm_aset(v, MPDM_I(x), 0);
 738     mpdm_aset(v, MPDM_I(y), 1);
 739
 740     mpdm_unrefnd(v);
 741
 742     return v;
 743 }
 744
 745
 746 static mpdm_t tui_openpanel(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 747 /* opens a panel (creates new window) */
 748 {
 749     n_stack++;
 750     w_stack = realloc(w_stack, n_stack * sizeof(WINDOW *));
 751     cw = w_stack[n_stack - 1] = newwin(mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 3)),
 752                                        mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 2)),
 753                                        mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 1)),
 754                                        mpdm_ival(mpdm_aget(a, 0)));
 755
 756     set_attr();
 757     wclrtobot(cw);
 758     box(cw, 0, 0);
 759
 760     return NULL;
 761 }
 762
 763
 764 static mpdm_t tui_closepanel(mpdm_t a, mpdm_t ctxt)
 765 /* closes a panel (deletes last window) */
 766 {
 767     n_stack--;
 768     delwin(w_stack[n_stack]);
 769
 770     w_stack = realloc(w_stack, n_stack * sizeof(WINDOW *));
 771     cw = n_stack == 0 ? stdscr : w_stack[n_stack - 1];
 772
 773     touchwin(cw);
 774     wrefresh(cw);
 775
 776     return NULL;
 777 }
 778
 779
 780 static void register_functions(void)
 781 {
 782     mpdm_t drv;
 783     mpdm_t tui;
 784
 785     drv = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"drv");
 786     mpdm_hset_s(drv, L"timer", MPDM_X(ncursesw_drv_timer));
 787     mpdm_hset_s(drv, L"shutdown", MPDM_X(ncursesw_drv_shutdown));
 788
 789     tui = mpsl_eval(MPDM_LS(L"load('mp_tui.mpsl');"), NULL, NULL);
 790
 791     /* FIXME: if tui failed, a fatal error must be shown */
 792
 793 /*      if((e = mpdm_hget_s(mpdm_root(), L"ERROR")) != NULL)
 794         {
 795                 mpdm_write_wcs(stdout, mpdm_string(e));
 796                 printf("\n");
 797
 798                 return(0);
 799         }*/
 800
 801     /* execute tui */
 802     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"getkey",     MPDM_X(nc_getkey));
 803     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"addstr",     MPDM_X(tui_addstr));
 804     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"move",       MPDM_X(tui_move));
 805     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"attr",       MPDM_X(tui_attr));
 806     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"refresh",    MPDM_X(tui_refresh));
 807     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"getxy",      MPDM_X(tui_getxy));
 808     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"openpanel",  MPDM_X(tui_openpanel));
 809     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"closepanel", MPDM_X(tui_closepanel));
 810     mpdm_hset_s(tui, L"doc_draw",   MPDM_X(nc_doc_draw));
 811 }
 812
 813
 814 static mpdm_t ncursesw_drv_startup(mpdm_t a)
 815 {
 816     mpdm_t v;
 817
 818     register_functions();
 819
 820     initscr();
 821     start_color();
 822     keypad(stdscr, TRUE);
 823     nonl();
 824     raw();
 825     noecho();
 826
 827     build_colors();
 828
 829     v = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"window");
 830     mpdm_hset_s(v, L"tx", MPDM_I(COLS));
 831     mpdm_hset_s(v, L"ty", MPDM_I(LINES));
 832
 833     signal(SIGWINCH, nc_sigwinch);
 834
 835     cw = stdscr;
 836
 837     return NULL;
 838 }
 839
 840
 841 int ncursesw_drv_detect(int *argc, char ***argv)
 842 {
 843     mpdm_t drv;
 844
 845     drv = mpdm_hget_s(mp, L"drv");
 846     mpdm_hset_s(drv, L"id", MPDM_LS(L"curses"));
 847     mpdm_hset_s(drv, L"startup", MPDM_X(ncursesw_drv_startup));
 848
 849     return 1;
 850 }
 851
 852 #endif                          /* CONFOPT_CURSES */