1 PPP Support for Microsoft's CHAP-81
2 ===================================
4 Frank Cusack frank@google.com
6 Some text verbatim from README.MSCHAP80,
7 by Eric Rosenquist, rosenqui@strataware.com
11 First, please read README.MSCHAP80; almost everything there applies here.
12 MS-CHAP was basically devised by Microsoft because rather than store
13 plaintext passwords, they (Microsoft) store the md4 hash of passwords.
14 It provides no advantage over standard CHAP, since the hash is used
15 as plaintext-equivalent. (Well, the Change-Password packet is arguably
16 an advantage.) It does introduce a significant weakness if the LM hash
17 is used. Additionally, the format of the failure packet potentially
18 gives information to an attacker. The weakness of the LM hash is partly
19 addressed in RFC 2433, which deprecates its use.
21 MS-CHAPv2 adds 2 benefits to MS-CHAP. (1) The LM hash is no longer
22 used. (2) Mutual authentication is required. Note that the mutual
23 authentication in MS-CHAPv2 is different than the case where both PPP
24 peers require authentication from the other; the former proves that
25 the server has access to the client's password, the latter proves that
26 the server has access to a secret which the client also has -- which
27 may or may not be the same as the client's password (but should not be
28 the same, per RFC 1994). Whether this provides any actual benefit is
29 outside the scope of this document. The details of MS-CHAPv2 can be
30 found in the document:
32 <http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc2759.txt>
37 In addition to the requirements for MS-CHAP, MS-CHAPv2 uses the SHA-1
38 hash algorithm. A public domain implementation is provided with pppd.
43 Assuming that everything else has been configured correctly for PPP and
44 CHAP, the MS-CHAPv2-specific problems you're likely to encounter are mostly
45 related to your Windows NT account and its settings. A Microsoft server
46 returns error codes in its CHAP response. The following are extracted from
49 646 ERROR_RESTRICTED_LOGON_HOURS
50 647 ERROR_ACCT_DISABLED
51 648 ERROR_PASSWD_EXPIRED
52 649 ERROR_NO_DIALIN_PERMISSION
53 691 ERROR_AUTHENTICATION_FAILURE
54 709 ERROR_CHANGING_PASSWORD
56 You'll see these in your pppd log as a line similar to:
58 Remote message: E=649 No dialin permission
60 Previously, pppd would log this as:
62 Remote message: E=649 R=0
64 Now, the text message is logged (both for MS-CHAP and MS-CHAPv2).