parser.c

   1 /* parser.c   source line parser for the Netwide Assembler
   2  *
   3  * The Netwide Assembler is copyright (C) 1996 Simon Tatham and
   4  * Julian Hall. All rights reserved. The software is
   5  * redistributable under the license given in the file "LICENSE"
   6  * distributed in the NASM archive.
   7  *
   8  * initial version 27/iii/95 by Simon Tatham
   9  */
  10
  11 #include "compiler.h"
  12
  13 #include <stdio.h>
  14 #include <stdlib.h>
  15 #include <stddef.h>
  16 #include <string.h>
  17 #include <ctype.h>
  18 #include <inttypes.h>
  19
  20 #include "nasm.h"
  21 #include "insns.h"
  22 #include "nasmlib.h"
  23 #include "stdscan.h"
  24 #include "parser.h"
  25 #include "float.h"
  26 #include "tables.h"
  27
  28 extern int in_abs_seg;          /* ABSOLUTE segment flag */
  29 extern int32_t abs_seg;            /* ABSOLUTE segment */
  30 extern int32_t abs_offset;         /* ABSOLUTE segment offset */
  31
  32 static int is_comma_next(void);
  33
  34 static int i;
  35 static struct tokenval tokval;
  36 static efunc error;
  37 static struct ofmt *outfmt;     /* Structure of addresses of output routines */
  38 static struct location *location;         /* Pointer to current line's segment,offset */
  39
  40 void parser_global_info(struct ofmt *output, struct location * locp)
  41 {
  42     outfmt = output;
  43     location = locp;
  44 }
  45
  46 static int prefix_slot(enum prefixes prefix)
  47 {
  48     switch (prefix) {
  49     case R_CS:
  50     case R_DS:
  51     case R_SS:
  52     case R_ES:
  53     case R_FS:
  54     case R_GS:
  55         return PPS_SEG;
  56     case P_LOCK:
  57     case P_REP:
  58     case P_REPE:
  59     case P_REPZ:
  60     case P_REPNE:
  61     case P_REPNZ:
  62         return PPS_LREP;
  63     case P_O16:
  64     case P_O32:
  65     case P_O64:
  66     case P_OSP:
  67         return PPS_OSIZE;
  68     case P_A16:
  69     case P_A32:
  70     case P_A64:
  71     case P_ASP:
  72         return PPS_ASIZE;
  73     default:
  74         error(ERR_PANIC, "Invalid value %d passed to prefix_slot()", prefix);
  75         return -1;
  76     }
  77 }
  78
  79 static void process_size_override(insn * result, int operand)
  80 {
  81     if (tasm_compatible_mode) {
  82         switch ((int)tokval.t_integer) {
  83             /* For TASM compatibility a size override inside the
  84              * brackets changes the size of the operand, not the
  85              * address type of the operand as it does in standard
  86              * NASM syntax. Hence:
  87              *
  88              *  mov     eax,[DWORD val]
  89              *
  90              * is valid syntax in TASM compatibility mode. Note that
  91              * you lose the ability to override the default address
  92              * type for the instruction, but we never use anything
  93              * but 32-bit flat model addressing in our code.
  94              */
  95         case S_BYTE:
  96             result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS8;
  97             break;
  98         case S_WORD:
  99             result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS16;
 100             break;
 101         case S_DWORD:
 102         case S_LONG:
 103             result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS32;
 104             break;
 105         case S_QWORD:
 106             result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS64;
 107             break;
 108         case S_TWORD:
 109             result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS80;
 110             break;
 111         case S_OWORD:
 112             result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS128;
 113             break;
 114         default:
 115             error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 116                   "invalid operand size specification");
 117             break;
 118         }
 119     } else {
 120         /* Standard NASM compatible syntax */
 121         switch ((int)tokval.t_integer) {
 122         case S_NOSPLIT:
 123             result->oprs[operand].eaflags |= EAF_TIMESTWO;
 124             break;
 125         case S_REL:
 126             result->oprs[operand].eaflags |= EAF_REL;
 127             break;
 128         case S_ABS:
 129             result->oprs[operand].eaflags |= EAF_ABS;
 130             break;
 131         case S_BYTE:
 132             result->oprs[operand].disp_size = 8;
 133             result->oprs[operand].eaflags |= EAF_BYTEOFFS;
 134             break;
 135         case P_A16:
 136         case P_A32:
 137         case P_A64:
 138             if (result->prefixes[PPS_ASIZE] &&
 139                 result->prefixes[PPS_ASIZE] != tokval.t_integer)
 140                 error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 141                       "conflicting address size specifications");
 142             else
 143                 result->prefixes[PPS_ASIZE] = tokval.t_integer;
 144             break;
 145         case S_WORD:
 146             result->oprs[operand].disp_size = 16;
 147             result->oprs[operand].eaflags |= EAF_WORDOFFS;
 148             break;
 149         case S_DWORD:
 150         case S_LONG:
 151             result->oprs[operand].disp_size = 32;
 152             result->oprs[operand].eaflags |= EAF_WORDOFFS;
 153             break;
 154         case S_QWORD:
 155             result->oprs[operand].disp_size = 64;
 156             result->oprs[operand].eaflags |= EAF_WORDOFFS;
 157             break;
 158         default:
 159             error(ERR_NONFATAL, "invalid size specification in"
 160                   " effective address");
 161             break;
 162         }
 163     }
 164 }
 165
 166 insn *parse_line(int pass, char *buffer, insn * result,
 167                  efunc errfunc, evalfunc evaluate, ldfunc ldef)
 168 {
 169     int operand;
 170     int critical;
 171     struct eval_hints hints;
 172     int j;
 173     bool first;
 174     bool insn_is_label = false;
 175
 176 restart_parse:
 177     first = true;
 178     result->forw_ref = false;
 179     error = errfunc;
 180
 181     stdscan_reset();
 182     stdscan_bufptr = buffer;
 183     i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 184
 185     result->label = NULL;       /* Assume no label */
 186     result->eops = NULL;        /* must do this, whatever happens */
 187     result->operands = 0;       /* must initialize this */
 188
 189     if (i == 0) {               /* blank line - ignore */
 190         result->opcode = -1;    /* and no instruction either */
 191         return result;
 192     }
 193     if (i != TOKEN_ID && i != TOKEN_INSN && i != TOKEN_PREFIX &&
 194         (i != TOKEN_REG || (REG_SREG & ~nasm_reg_flags[tokval.t_integer]))) {
 195         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "label or instruction expected"
 196               " at start of line");
 197         result->opcode = -1;
 198         return result;
 199     }
 200
 201     if (i == TOKEN_ID || (insn_is_label && i == TOKEN_INSN)) {
 202         /* there's a label here */
 203         first = false;
 204         result->label = tokval.t_charptr;
 205         i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 206         if (i == ':') {         /* skip over the optional colon */
 207             i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 208         } else if (i == 0) {
 209             error(ERR_WARNING | ERR_WARN_OL | ERR_PASS1,
 210                   "label alone on a line without a colon might be in error");
 211         }
 212         if (i != TOKEN_INSN || tokval.t_integer != I_EQU) {
 213             /*
 214              * FIXME: location->segment could be NO_SEG, in which case
 215              * it is possible we should be passing 'abs_seg'. Look into this.
 216              * Work out whether that is *really* what we should be doing.
 217              * Generally fix things. I think this is right as it is, but
 218              * am still not certain.
 219              */
 220             ldef(result->label, in_abs_seg ? abs_seg : location->segment,
 221                  location->offset, NULL, true, false, outfmt, errfunc);
 222         }
 223     }
 224
 225     if (i == 0) {
 226         result->opcode = -1;    /* this line contains just a label */
 227         return result;
 228     }
 229
 230     for (j = 0; j < MAXPREFIX; j++)
 231         result->prefixes[j] = P_none;
 232     result->times = 1L;
 233
 234     while (i == TOKEN_PREFIX ||
 235            (i == TOKEN_REG && !(REG_SREG & ~nasm_reg_flags[tokval.t_integer])))
 236     {
 237         first = false;
 238
 239         /*
 240          * Handle special case: the TIMES prefix.
 241          */
 242         if (i == TOKEN_PREFIX && tokval.t_integer == P_TIMES) {
 243             expr *value;
 244
 245             i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 246             value =
 247                 evaluate(stdscan, NULL, &tokval, NULL, pass0, error, NULL);
 248             i = tokval.t_type;
 249             if (!value) {       /* but, error in evaluator */
 250                 result->opcode = -1;    /* unrecoverable parse error: */
 251                 return result;  /* ignore this instruction */
 252             }
 253             if (!is_simple(value)) {
 254                 error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 255                       "non-constant argument supplied to TIMES");
 256                 result->times = 1L;
 257             } else {
 258                 result->times = value->value;
 259                 if (value->value < 0) {
 260                     error(ERR_NONFATAL, "TIMES value %d is negative",
 261                           value->value);
 262                     result->times = 0;
 263                 }
 264             }
 265         } else {
 266             int slot = prefix_slot(tokval.t_integer);
 267             if (result->prefixes[slot]) {
 268                if (result->prefixes[slot] == tokval.t_integer)
 269                     error(ERR_WARNING,
 270                       "instruction has redundant prefixes");
 271                else
 272                     error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 273                       "instruction has conflicting prefixes");
 274             }
 275             result->prefixes[slot] = tokval.t_integer;
 276             i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 277         }
 278     }
 279
 280     if (i != TOKEN_INSN) {
 281         int j;
 282         enum prefixes pfx;
 283
 284         for (j = 0; j < MAXPREFIX; j++)
 285             if ((pfx = result->prefixes[j]) != P_none)
 286                 break;
 287
 288         if (i == 0 && pfx != P_none) {
 289             /*
 290              * Instruction prefixes are present, but no actual
 291              * instruction. This is allowed: at this point we
 292              * invent a notional instruction of RESB 0.
 293              */
 294             result->opcode = I_RESB;
 295             result->operands = 1;
 296             result->oprs[0].type = IMMEDIATE;
 297             result->oprs[0].offset = 0L;
 298             result->oprs[0].segment = result->oprs[0].wrt = NO_SEG;
 299             return result;
 300         } else {
 301             error(ERR_NONFATAL, "parser: instruction expected");
 302             result->opcode = -1;
 303             return result;
 304         }
 305     }
 306
 307     result->opcode = tokval.t_integer;
 308     result->condition = tokval.t_inttwo;
 309
 310     /*
 311      * INCBIN cannot be satisfied with incorrectly
 312      * evaluated operands, since the correct values _must_ be known
 313      * on the first pass. Hence, even in pass one, we set the
 314      * `critical' flag on calling evaluate(), so that it will bomb
 315      * out on undefined symbols.
 316      */
 317     if (result->opcode == I_INCBIN) {
 318         critical = (pass0 < 2 ? 1 : 2);
 319
 320     } else
 321         critical = (pass == 2 ? 2 : 0);
 322
 323     if (result->opcode == I_DB || result->opcode == I_DW ||
 324         result->opcode == I_DD || result->opcode == I_DQ ||
 325         result->opcode == I_DT || result->opcode == I_DO ||
 326         result->opcode == I_DY || result->opcode == I_INCBIN) {
 327         extop *eop, **tail = &result->eops, **fixptr;
 328         int oper_num = 0;
 329         int32_t sign;
 330
 331         result->eops_float = false;
 332
 333         /*
 334          * Begin to read the DB/DW/DD/DQ/DT/DO/INCBIN operands.
 335          */
 336         while (1) {
 337             i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 338             if (i == 0)
 339                 break;
 340             else if (first && i == ':') {
 341                 insn_is_label = true;
 342                 goto restart_parse;
 343             }
 344             first = false;
 345             fixptr = tail;
 346             eop = *tail = nasm_malloc(sizeof(extop));
 347             tail = &eop->next;
 348             eop->next = NULL;
 349             eop->type = EOT_NOTHING;
 350             oper_num++;
 351             sign = +1;
 352
 353             /* is_comma_next() here is to distinguish this from
 354                a string used as part of an expression... */
 355             if (i == TOKEN_STR && is_comma_next()) {
 356                 eop->type = EOT_DB_STRING;
 357                 eop->stringval = tokval.t_charptr;
 358                 eop->stringlen = tokval.t_inttwo;
 359                 i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);     /* eat the comma */
 360             } else if (i == TOKEN_STRFUNC) {
 361                 bool parens = false;
 362                 const char *funcname = tokval.t_charptr;
 363                 enum strfunc func = tokval.t_integer;
 364                 i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 365                 if (i == '(') {
 366                     parens = true;
 367                     i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 368                 }
 369                 if (i != TOKEN_STR) {
 370                     error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 371                           "%s must be followed by a string constant",
 372                           funcname);
 373                         eop->type = EOT_NOTHING;
 374                 } else {
 375                     eop->type = EOT_DB_STRING_FREE;
 376                     eop->stringlen =
 377                         string_transform(tokval.t_charptr, tokval.t_inttwo,
 378                                          &eop->stringval, func);
 379                     if (eop->stringlen == (size_t)-1) {
 380                         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "invalid string for transform");
 381                         eop->type = EOT_NOTHING;
 382                     }
 383                 }
 384                 if (parens && i && i != ')') {
 385                     i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 386                     if (i != ')') {
 387                         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "unterminated %s function",
 388                               funcname);
 389                     }
 390                 }
 391                 if (i && i != ',')
 392                     i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 393             } else if (i == '-' || i == '+') {
 394                 char *save = stdscan_bufptr;
 395                 int token = i;
 396                 sign = (i == '-') ? -1 : 1;
 397                 i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 398                 if (i != TOKEN_FLOAT) {
 399                     stdscan_bufptr = save;
 400                     i = tokval.t_type = token;
 401                     goto is_expression;
 402                 } else {
 403                     goto is_float;
 404                 }
 405             } else if (i == TOKEN_FLOAT) {
 406             is_float:
 407                 eop->type = EOT_DB_STRING;
 408                 result->eops_float = true;
 409                 switch (result->opcode) {
 410                 case I_DB:
 411                     eop->stringlen = 1;
 412                     break;
 413                 case I_DW:
 414                     eop->stringlen = 2;
 415                     break;
 416                 case I_DD:
 417                     eop->stringlen = 4;
 418                     break;
 419                 case I_DQ:
 420                     eop->stringlen = 8;
 421                     break;
 422                 case I_DT:
 423                     eop->stringlen = 10;
 424                     break;
 425                 case I_DO:
 426                     eop->stringlen = 16;
 427                     break;
 428                 case I_DY:
 429                     error(ERR_NONFATAL, "floating-point constant"
 430                           " encountered in DY instruction");
 431                     eop->stringlen = 0;
 432                     break;
 433                 default:
 434                     error(ERR_NONFATAL, "floating-point constant"
 435                           " encountered in unknown instruction");
 436                     /*
 437                      * fix suggested by Pedro Gimeno... original line
 438                      * was:
 439                      * eop->type = EOT_NOTHING;
 440                      */
 441                     eop->stringlen = 0;
 442                     break;
 443                 }
 444                 eop = nasm_realloc(eop, sizeof(extop) + eop->stringlen);
 445                 tail = &eop->next;
 446                 *fixptr = eop;
 447                 eop->stringval = (char *)eop + sizeof(extop);
 448                 if (!eop->stringlen ||
 449                     !float_const(tokval.t_charptr, sign,
 450                                  (uint8_t *)eop->stringval,
 451                                  eop->stringlen, error))
 452                     eop->type = EOT_NOTHING;
 453                 i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval); /* eat the comma */
 454             } else {
 455                 /* anything else, assume it is an expression */
 456                 expr *value;
 457
 458             is_expression:
 459                 value = evaluate(stdscan, NULL, &tokval, NULL,
 460                                  critical, error, NULL);
 461                 i = tokval.t_type;
 462                 if (!value) {   /* error in evaluator */
 463                     result->opcode = -1;        /* unrecoverable parse error: */
 464                     return result;      /* ignore this instruction */
 465                 }
 466                 if (is_unknown(value)) {
 467                     eop->type = EOT_DB_NUMBER;
 468                     eop->offset = 0;    /* doesn't matter what we put */
 469                     eop->segment = eop->wrt = NO_SEG;   /* likewise */
 470                 } else if (is_reloc(value)) {
 471                     eop->type = EOT_DB_NUMBER;
 472                     eop->offset = reloc_value(value);
 473                     eop->segment = reloc_seg(value);
 474                     eop->wrt = reloc_wrt(value);
 475                 } else {
 476                     error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 477                           "operand %d: expression is not simple"
 478                           " or relocatable", oper_num);
 479                 }
 480             }
 481
 482             /*
 483              * We're about to call stdscan(), which will eat the
 484              * comma that we're currently sitting on between
 485              * arguments. However, we'd better check first that it
 486              * _is_ a comma.
 487              */
 488             if (i == 0)         /* also could be EOL */
 489                 break;
 490             if (i != ',') {
 491                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "comma expected after operand %d",
 492                       oper_num);
 493                 result->opcode = -1;    /* unrecoverable parse error: */
 494                 return result;  /* ignore this instruction */
 495             }
 496         }
 497
 498         if (result->opcode == I_INCBIN) {
 499             /*
 500              * Correct syntax for INCBIN is that there should be
 501              * one string operand, followed by one or two numeric
 502              * operands.
 503              */
 504             if (!result->eops || result->eops->type != EOT_DB_STRING)
 505                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "`incbin' expects a file name");
 506             else if (result->eops->next &&
 507                      result->eops->next->type != EOT_DB_NUMBER)
 508                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "`incbin': second parameter is",
 509                       " non-numeric");
 510             else if (result->eops->next && result->eops->next->next &&
 511                      result->eops->next->next->type != EOT_DB_NUMBER)
 512                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "`incbin': third parameter is",
 513                       " non-numeric");
 514             else if (result->eops->next && result->eops->next->next &&
 515                      result->eops->next->next->next)
 516                 error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 517                       "`incbin': more than three parameters");
 518             else
 519                 return result;
 520             /*
 521              * If we reach here, one of the above errors happened.
 522              * Throw the instruction away.
 523              */
 524             result->opcode = -1;
 525             return result;
 526         } else /* DB ... */ if (oper_num == 0)
 527             error(ERR_WARNING | ERR_PASS1,
 528                   "no operand for data declaration");
 529         else
 530             result->operands = oper_num;
 531
 532         return result;
 533     }
 534
 535     /* right. Now we begin to parse the operands. There may be up to four
 536      * of these, separated by commas, and terminated by a zero token. */
 537
 538     for (operand = 0; operand < MAX_OPERANDS; operand++) {
 539         expr *value;            /* used most of the time */
 540         int mref;               /* is this going to be a memory ref? */
 541         int bracket;            /* is it a [] mref, or a & mref? */
 542         int setsize = 0;
 543
 544         result->oprs[operand].disp_size = 0;    /* have to zero this whatever */
 545         result->oprs[operand].eaflags = 0;      /* and this */
 546         result->oprs[operand].opflags = 0;
 547
 548         i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 549         if (i == 0)
 550             break;              /* end of operands: get out of here */
 551         else if (first && i == ':') {
 552             insn_is_label = true;
 553             goto restart_parse;
 554         }
 555         first = false;
 556         result->oprs[operand].type = 0; /* so far, no override */
 557         while (i == TOKEN_SPECIAL) {    /* size specifiers */
 558             switch ((int)tokval.t_integer) {
 559             case S_BYTE:
 560                 if (!setsize)   /* we want to use only the first */
 561                     result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS8;
 562                 setsize = 1;
 563                 break;
 564             case S_WORD:
 565                 if (!setsize)
 566                     result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS16;
 567                 setsize = 1;
 568                 break;
 569             case S_DWORD:
 570             case S_LONG:
 571                 if (!setsize)
 572                     result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS32;
 573                 setsize = 1;
 574                 break;
 575             case S_QWORD:
 576                 if (!setsize)
 577                     result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS64;
 578                 setsize = 1;
 579                 break;
 580             case S_TWORD:
 581                 if (!setsize)
 582                     result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS80;
 583                 setsize = 1;
 584                 break;
 585             case S_OWORD:
 586                 if (!setsize)
 587                     result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS128;
 588                 setsize = 1;
 589                 break;
 590             case S_YWORD:
 591                 if (!setsize)
 592                     result->oprs[operand].type |= BITS256;
 593                 setsize = 1;
 594                 break;
 595             case S_TO:
 596                 result->oprs[operand].type |= TO;
 597                 break;
 598             case S_STRICT:
 599                 result->oprs[operand].type |= STRICT;
 600                 break;
 601             case S_FAR:
 602                 result->oprs[operand].type |= FAR;
 603                 break;
 604             case S_NEAR:
 605                 result->oprs[operand].type |= NEAR;
 606                 break;
 607             case S_SHORT:
 608                 result->oprs[operand].type |= SHORT;
 609                 break;
 610             default:
 611                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "invalid operand size specification");
 612             }
 613             i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 614         }
 615
 616         if (i == '[' || i == '&') {     /* memory reference */
 617             mref = true;
 618             bracket = (i == '[');
 619             i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval); /* then skip the colon */
 620             while (i == TOKEN_SPECIAL || i == TOKEN_PREFIX) {
 621                 process_size_override(result, operand);
 622                 i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 623             }
 624         } else {                /* immediate operand, or register */
 625             mref = false;
 626             bracket = false;    /* placate optimisers */
 627         }
 628
 629         if ((result->oprs[operand].type & FAR) && !mref &&
 630             result->opcode != I_JMP && result->opcode != I_CALL) {
 631             error(ERR_NONFATAL, "invalid use of FAR operand specifier");
 632         }
 633
 634         value = evaluate(stdscan, NULL, &tokval,
 635                          &result->oprs[operand].opflags,
 636                          critical, error, &hints);
 637         i = tokval.t_type;
 638         if (result->oprs[operand].opflags & OPFLAG_FORWARD) {
 639             result->forw_ref = true;
 640         }
 641         if (!value) {           /* error in evaluator */
 642             result->opcode = -1;        /* unrecoverable parse error: */
 643             return result;      /* ignore this instruction */
 644         }
 645         if (i == ':' && mref) { /* it was seg:offset */
 646             /*
 647              * Process the segment override.
 648              */
 649             if (value[1].type != 0 || value->value != 1 ||
 650                 REG_SREG & ~nasm_reg_flags[value->type])
 651                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "invalid segment override");
 652             else if (result->prefixes[PPS_SEG])
 653                 error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 654                       "instruction has conflicting segment overrides");
 655             else {
 656                 result->prefixes[PPS_SEG] = value->type;
 657                 if (!(REG_FSGS & ~nasm_reg_flags[value->type]))
 658                     result->oprs[operand].eaflags |= EAF_FSGS;
 659             }
 660
 661             i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval); /* then skip the colon */
 662             while (i == TOKEN_SPECIAL || i == TOKEN_PREFIX) {
 663                 process_size_override(result, operand);
 664                 i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 665             }
 666             value = evaluate(stdscan, NULL, &tokval,
 667                              &result->oprs[operand].opflags,
 668                              critical, error, &hints);
 669             i = tokval.t_type;
 670             if (result->oprs[operand].opflags & OPFLAG_FORWARD) {
 671                 result->forw_ref = true;
 672             }
 673             /* and get the offset */
 674             if (!value) {       /* but, error in evaluator */
 675                 result->opcode = -1;    /* unrecoverable parse error: */
 676                 return result;  /* ignore this instruction */
 677             }
 678         }
 679         if (mref && bracket) {  /* find ] at the end */
 680             if (i != ']') {
 681                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "parser: expecting ]");
 682                 do {            /* error recovery again */
 683                     i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 684                 } while (i != 0 && i != ',');
 685             } else              /* we got the required ] */
 686                 i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 687         } else {                /* immediate operand */
 688             if (i != 0 && i != ',' && i != ':') {
 689                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "comma or end of line expected");
 690                 do {            /* error recovery */
 691                     i = stdscan(NULL, &tokval);
 692                 } while (i != 0 && i != ',');
 693             } else if (i == ':') {
 694                 result->oprs[operand].type |= COLON;
 695             }
 696         }
 697
 698         /* now convert the exprs returned from evaluate() into operand
 699          * descriptions... */
 700
 701         if (mref) {             /* it's a memory reference */
 702             expr *e = value;
 703             int b, i, s;        /* basereg, indexreg, scale */
 704             int64_t o;             /* offset */
 705
 706             b = i = -1, o = s = 0;
 707             result->oprs[operand].hintbase = hints.base;
 708             result->oprs[operand].hinttype = hints.type;
 709
 710             if (e->type && e->type <= EXPR_REG_END) {   /* this bit's a register */
 711                 if (e->value == 1)      /* in fact it can be basereg */
 712                     b = e->type;
 713                 else            /* no, it has to be indexreg */
 714                     i = e->type, s = e->value;
 715                 e++;
 716             }
 717             if (e->type && e->type <= EXPR_REG_END) {   /* it's a 2nd register */
 718                 if (b != -1)    /* If the first was the base, ... */
 719                     i = e->type, s = e->value;  /* second has to be indexreg */
 720
 721                 else if (e->value != 1) {       /* If both want to be index */
 722                     error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 723                           "beroset-p-592-invalid effective address");
 724                     result->opcode = -1;
 725                     return result;
 726                 } else
 727                     b = e->type;
 728                 e++;
 729             }
 730             if (e->type != 0) { /* is there an offset? */
 731                 if (e->type <= EXPR_REG_END) {  /* in fact, is there an error? */
 732                     error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 733                           "beroset-p-603-invalid effective address");
 734                     result->opcode = -1;
 735                     return result;
 736                 } else {
 737                     if (e->type == EXPR_UNKNOWN) {
 738                         o = 0;  /* doesn't matter what */
 739                         result->oprs[operand].wrt = NO_SEG;     /* nor this */
 740                         result->oprs[operand].segment = NO_SEG; /* or this */
 741                         while (e->type)
 742                             e++;        /* go to the end of the line */
 743                     } else {
 744                         if (e->type == EXPR_SIMPLE) {
 745                             o = e->value;
 746                             e++;
 747                         }
 748                         if (e->type == EXPR_WRT) {
 749                             result->oprs[operand].wrt = e->value;
 750                             e++;
 751                         } else
 752                             result->oprs[operand].wrt = NO_SEG;
 753                         /*
 754                          * Look for a segment base type.
 755                          */
 756                         if (e->type && e->type < EXPR_SEGBASE) {
 757                             error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 758                                   "beroset-p-630-invalid effective address");
 759                             result->opcode = -1;
 760                             return result;
 761                         }
 762                         while (e->type && e->value == 0)
 763                             e++;
 764                         if (e->type && e->value != 1) {
 765                             error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 766                                   "beroset-p-637-invalid effective address");
 767                             result->opcode = -1;
 768                             return result;
 769                         }
 770                         if (e->type) {
 771                             result->oprs[operand].segment =
 772                                 e->type - EXPR_SEGBASE;
 773                             e++;
 774                         } else
 775                             result->oprs[operand].segment = NO_SEG;
 776                         while (e->type && e->value == 0)
 777                             e++;
 778                         if (e->type) {
 779                             error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 780                                   "beroset-p-650-invalid effective address");
 781                             result->opcode = -1;
 782                             return result;
 783                         }
 784                     }
 785                 }
 786             } else {
 787                 o = 0;
 788                 result->oprs[operand].wrt = NO_SEG;
 789                 result->oprs[operand].segment = NO_SEG;
 790             }
 791
 792             if (e->type != 0) { /* there'd better be nothing left! */
 793                 error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 794                       "beroset-p-663-invalid effective address");
 795                 result->opcode = -1;
 796                 return result;
 797             }
 798
 799             /* It is memory, but it can match any r/m operand */
 800             result->oprs[operand].type |= MEMORY_ANY;
 801
 802             if (b == -1 && (i == -1 || s == 0)) {
 803                 int is_rel = globalbits == 64 &&
 804                     !(result->oprs[operand].eaflags & EAF_ABS) &&
 805                     ((globalrel &&
 806                       !(result->oprs[operand].eaflags & EAF_FSGS)) ||
 807                      (result->oprs[operand].eaflags & EAF_REL));
 808
 809                 result->oprs[operand].type |= is_rel ? IP_REL : MEM_OFFS;
 810             }
 811             result->oprs[operand].basereg = b;
 812             result->oprs[operand].indexreg = i;
 813             result->oprs[operand].scale = s;
 814             result->oprs[operand].offset = o;
 815         } else {                /* it's not a memory reference */
 816
 817             if (is_just_unknown(value)) {       /* it's immediate but unknown */
 818                 result->oprs[operand].type |= IMMEDIATE;
 819                 result->oprs[operand].offset = 0;       /* don't care */
 820                 result->oprs[operand].segment = NO_SEG; /* don't care again */
 821                 result->oprs[operand].wrt = NO_SEG;     /* still don't care */
 822             } else if (is_reloc(value)) {       /* it's immediate */
 823                 result->oprs[operand].type |= IMMEDIATE;
 824                 result->oprs[operand].offset = reloc_value(value);
 825                 result->oprs[operand].segment = reloc_seg(value);
 826                 result->oprs[operand].wrt = reloc_wrt(value);
 827                 if (is_simple(value)) {
 828                     if (reloc_value(value) == 1)
 829                         result->oprs[operand].type |= UNITY;
 830                     if (optimizing >= 0 &&
 831                         !(result->oprs[operand].type & STRICT)) {
 832                         int64_t v64 = reloc_value(value);
 833                         int32_t v32 = (int32_t)v64;
 834                         int16_t v16 = (int16_t)v32;
 835
 836                         if (v64 >= -128 && v64 <= 127)
 837                             result->oprs[operand].type |= SBYTE64;
 838                         if (v32 >= -128 && v32 <= 127)
 839                             result->oprs[operand].type |= SBYTE32;
 840                         if (v16 >= -128 && v16 <= 127)
 841                             result->oprs[operand].type |= SBYTE16;
 842                     }
 843                 }
 844             } else {            /* it's a register */
 845                 unsigned int rs;
 846
 847                 if (value->type >= EXPR_SIMPLE || value->value != 1) {
 848                     error(ERR_NONFATAL, "invalid operand type");
 849                     result->opcode = -1;
 850                     return result;
 851                 }
 852
 853                 /*
 854                  * check that its only 1 register, not an expression...
 855                  */
 856                 for (i = 1; value[i].type; i++)
 857                     if (value[i].value) {
 858                         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "invalid operand type");
 859                         result->opcode = -1;
 860                         return result;
 861                     }
 862
 863                 /* clear overrides, except TO which applies to FPU regs */
 864                 if (result->oprs[operand].type & ~TO) {
 865                     /*
 866                      * we want to produce a warning iff the specified size
 867                      * is different from the register size
 868                      */
 869                     rs = result->oprs[operand].type & SIZE_MASK;
 870                 } else
 871                     rs = 0;
 872
 873                 result->oprs[operand].type &= TO;
 874                 result->oprs[operand].type |= REGISTER;
 875                 result->oprs[operand].type |= nasm_reg_flags[value->type];
 876                 result->oprs[operand].basereg = value->type;
 877
 878                 if (rs && (result->oprs[operand].type & SIZE_MASK) != rs)
 879                     error(ERR_WARNING | ERR_PASS1,
 880                           "register size specification ignored");
 881             }
 882         }
 883     }
 884
 885     result->operands = operand; /* set operand count */
 886
 887 /* clear remaining operands */
 888 while (operand < MAX_OPERANDS)
 889     result->oprs[operand++].type = 0;
 890
 891     /*
 892      * Transform RESW, RESD, RESQ, REST, RESO, RESY into RESB.
 893      */
 894     switch (result->opcode) {
 895     case I_RESW:
 896         result->opcode = I_RESB;
 897         result->oprs[0].offset *= 2;
 898         break;
 899     case I_RESD:
 900         result->opcode = I_RESB;
 901         result->oprs[0].offset *= 4;
 902         break;
 903     case I_RESQ:
 904         result->opcode = I_RESB;
 905         result->oprs[0].offset *= 8;
 906         break;
 907     case I_REST:
 908         result->opcode = I_RESB;
 909         result->oprs[0].offset *= 10;
 910         break;
 911     case I_RESO:
 912         result->opcode = I_RESB;
 913         result->oprs[0].offset *= 16;
 914         break;
 915     case I_RESY:
 916         result->opcode = I_RESB;
 917         result->oprs[0].offset *= 32;
 918         break;
 919     default:
 920         break;
 921     }
 922
 923     return result;
 924 }
 925
 926 static int is_comma_next(void)
 927 {
 928     char *p;
 929     int i;
 930     struct tokenval tv;
 931
 932     p = stdscan_bufptr;
 933     i = stdscan(NULL, &tv);
 934     stdscan_bufptr = p;
 935     return (i == ',' || i == ';' || !i);
 936 }
 937
 938 void cleanup_insn(insn * i)
 939 {
 940     extop *e;
 941
 942     while ((e = i->eops)) {
 943         i->eops = e->next;
 944         if (e->type == EOT_DB_STRING_FREE)
 945             nasm_free(e->stringval);
 946         nasm_free(e);
 947     }
 948 }