output/outbin.c

   1 /* outbin.c output routines for the Netwide Assembler to produce
   2  *    flat-form binary files
   3  *
   4  * The Netwide Assembler is copyright (C) 1996 Simon Tatham and
   5  * Julian Hall. All rights reserved. The software is
   6  * redistributable under the license given in the file "LICENSE"
   7  * distributed in the NASM archive.
   8  */
   9
  10 /* This is the extended version of NASM's original binary output
  11  * format.  It is backward compatible with the original BIN format,
  12  * and contains support for multiple sections and advanced section
  13  * ordering.
  14  *
  15  * Feature summary:
  16  *
  17  * - Users can create an arbitrary number of sections; they are not
  18  *   limited to just ".text", ".data", and ".bss".
  19  *
  20  * - Sections can be either progbits or nobits type.
  21  *
  22  * - You can specify that they be aligned at a certian boundary
  23  *   following the previous section ("align="), or positioned at an
  24  *   arbitrary byte-granular location ("start=").
  25  *
  26  * - You can specify a "virtual" start address for a section, which
  27  *   will be used for the calculation for all address references
  28  *   with respect to that section ("vstart=").
  29  *
  30  * - The ORG directive, as well as the section/segment directive
  31  *   arguments ("align=", "start=", "vstart="), can take a critical
  32  *   expression as their value.  For example: "align=(1 << 12)".
  33  *
  34  * - You can generate map files using the 'map' directive.
  35  *
  36  */
  37
  38 /* Uncomment the following define if you want sections to adapt
  39  * their progbits/nobits state depending on what type of
  40  * instructions are issued, rather than defaulting to progbits.
  41  * Note that this behavior violates the specification.
  42
  43 #define ABIN_SMART_ADAPT
  44
  45 */
  46
  47 #include "compiler.h"
  48
  49 #include <stdio.h>
  50 #include <stdlib.h>
  51 #include <string.h>
  52 #include <ctype.h>
  53 #include <inttypes.h>
  54
  55 #include "nasm.h"
  56 #include "nasmlib.h"
  57 #include "saa.h"
  58 #include "stdscan.h"
  59 #include "labels.h"
  60 #include "eval.h"
  61 #include "outform.h"
  62 #include "outlib.h"
  63
  64 #ifdef OF_BIN
  65
  66 struct ofmt *bin_get_ofmt();    /* Prototype goes here since no header file. */
  67
  68 static FILE *fp, *rf = NULL;
  69 static efunc error;
  70
  71 /* Section flags keep track of which attributes the user has defined. */
  72 #define START_DEFINED       0x001
  73 #define ALIGN_DEFINED       0x002
  74 #define FOLLOWS_DEFINED     0x004
  75 #define VSTART_DEFINED      0x008
  76 #define VALIGN_DEFINED      0x010
  77 #define VFOLLOWS_DEFINED    0x020
  78 #define TYPE_DEFINED        0x040
  79 #define TYPE_PROGBITS       0x080
  80 #define TYPE_NOBITS         0x100
  81
  82 /* This struct is used to keep track of symbols for map-file generation. */
  83 static struct bin_label {
  84     char *name;
  85     struct bin_label *next;
  86 } *no_seg_labels, **nsl_tail;
  87
  88 static struct Section {
  89     char *name;
  90     struct SAA *contents;
  91     int64_t length;                /* section length in bytes */
  92
  93 /* Section attributes */
  94     int flags;                  /* see flag definitions above */
  95     uint64_t align;        /* section alignment */
  96     uint64_t valign;       /* notional section alignment */
  97     uint64_t start;        /* section start address */
  98     uint64_t vstart;       /* section virtual start address */
  99     char *follows;              /* the section that this one will follow */
 100     char *vfollows;             /* the section that this one will notionally follow */
 101     int32_t start_index;           /* NASM section id for non-relocated version */
 102     int32_t vstart_index;          /* the NASM section id */
 103
 104     struct bin_label *labels;   /* linked-list of label handles for map output. */
 105     struct bin_label **labels_end;      /* Holds address of end of labels list. */
 106     struct Section *ifollows;   /* Points to previous section (implicit follows). */
 107     struct Section *next;       /* This links sections with a defined start address. */
 108
 109 /* The extended bin format allows for sections to have a "virtual"
 110  * start address.  This is accomplished by creating two sections:
 111  * one beginning at the Load Memory Address and the other beginning
 112  * at the Virtual Memory Address.  The LMA section is only used to
 113  * define the section.<section_name>.start label, but there isn't
 114  * any other good way for us to handle that label.
 115  */
 116
 117 } *sections, *last_section;
 118
 119 static struct Reloc {
 120     struct Reloc *next;
 121     int32_t posn;
 122     int32_t bytes;
 123     int32_t secref;
 124     int32_t secrel;
 125     struct Section *target;
 126 } *relocs, **reloctail;
 127
 128 extern char *stdscan_bufptr;
 129
 130 static uint8_t format_mode;       /* 0 = original bin, 1 = extended bin */
 131 static int32_t current_section;    /* only really needed if format_mode = 0 */
 132 static uint64_t origin;
 133 static int origin_defined;
 134
 135 /* Stuff we need for map-file generation. */
 136 #define MAP_ORIGIN       1
 137 #define MAP_SUMMARY      2
 138 #define MAP_SECTIONS     4
 139 #define MAP_SYMBOLS      8
 140 static int map_control = 0;
 141 static char *infile, *outfile;
 142
 143 extern macros_t bin_stdmac[];
 144
 145 static void add_reloc(struct Section *s, int32_t bytes, int32_t secref,
 146                       int32_t secrel)
 147 {
 148     struct Reloc *r;
 149
 150     r = *reloctail = nasm_malloc(sizeof(struct Reloc));
 151     reloctail = &r->next;
 152     r->next = NULL;
 153     r->posn = s->length;
 154     r->bytes = bytes;
 155     r->secref = secref;
 156     r->secrel = secrel;
 157     r->target = s;
 158 }
 159
 160 static struct Section *find_section_by_name(const char *name)
 161 {
 162     struct Section *s;
 163
 164     for (s = sections; s; s = s->next)
 165         if (!strcmp(s->name, name))
 166             break;
 167     return s;
 168 }
 169
 170 static struct Section *find_section_by_index(int32_t index)
 171 {
 172     struct Section *s;
 173
 174     for (s = sections; s; s = s->next)
 175         if ((index == s->vstart_index) || (index == s->start_index))
 176             break;
 177     return s;
 178 }
 179
 180 static struct Section *create_section(char *name)
 181 {                               /* Create a new section. */
 182     last_section->next = nasm_malloc(sizeof(struct Section));
 183     last_section->next->ifollows = last_section;
 184     last_section = last_section->next;
 185     last_section->labels = NULL;
 186     last_section->labels_end = &(last_section->labels);
 187
 188     /* Initialize section attributes. */
 189     last_section->name = nasm_strdup(name);
 190     last_section->contents = saa_init(1L);
 191     last_section->follows = last_section->vfollows = 0;
 192     last_section->length = 0;
 193     last_section->flags = 0;
 194     last_section->next = NULL;
 195
 196     /* Register our sections with NASM. */
 197     last_section->vstart_index = seg_alloc();
 198     last_section->start_index = seg_alloc();
 199     return last_section;
 200 }
 201
 202 static void bin_cleanup(int debuginfo)
 203 {
 204     struct Section *g, **gp;
 205     struct Section *gs = NULL, **gsp;
 206     struct Section *s, **sp;
 207     struct Section *nobits = NULL, **nt;
 208     struct Section *last_progbits;
 209     struct bin_label *l;
 210     struct Reloc *r;
 211     uint64_t pend;
 212     int h;
 213
 214     (void)debuginfo;      /* placate optimizers */
 215
 216 #ifdef DEBUG
 217     fprintf(stdout,
 218             "bin_cleanup: Sections were initially referenced in this order:\n");
 219     for (h = 0, s = sections; s; h++, s = s->next)
 220         fprintf(stdout, "%i. %s\n", h, s->name);
 221 #endif
 222
 223     /* Assembly has completed, so now we need to generate the output file.
 224      * Step 1: Separate progbits and nobits sections into separate lists.
 225      * Step 2: Sort the progbits sections into their output order.
 226      * Step 3: Compute start addresses for all progbits sections.
 227      * Step 4: Compute vstart addresses for all sections.
 228      * Step 5: Apply relocations.
 229      * Step 6: Write the sections' data to the output file.
 230      * Step 7: Generate the map file.
 231      * Step 8: Release all allocated memory.
 232      */
 233
 234     /* To do: Smart section-type adaptation could leave some empty sections
 235      * without a defined type (progbits/nobits).  Won't fix now since this
 236      * feature will be disabled.  */
 237
 238     /* Step 1: Split progbits and nobits sections into separate lists. */
 239
 240     nt = &nobits;
 241     /* Move nobits sections into a separate list.  Also pre-process nobits
 242      * sections' attributes. */
 243     for (sp = &sections->next, s = sections->next; s; s = *sp) {        /* Skip progbits sections. */
 244         if (s->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS) {
 245             sp = &s->next;
 246             continue;
 247         }
 248         /* Do some special pre-processing on nobits sections' attributes. */
 249         if (s->flags & (START_DEFINED | ALIGN_DEFINED | FOLLOWS_DEFINED)) {     /* Check for a mixture of real and virtual section attributes. */
 250             if (s->flags & (VSTART_DEFINED | VALIGN_DEFINED |
 251                             VFOLLOWS_DEFINED))
 252                 error(ERR_FATAL|ERR_NOFILE,
 253                       "cannot mix real and virtual attributes"
 254                       " in nobits section (%s)", s->name);
 255             /* Real and virtual attributes mean the same thing for nobits sections. */
 256             if (s->flags & START_DEFINED) {
 257                 s->vstart = s->start;
 258                 s->flags |= VSTART_DEFINED;
 259             }
 260             if (s->flags & ALIGN_DEFINED) {
 261                 s->valign = s->align;
 262                 s->flags |= VALIGN_DEFINED;
 263             }
 264             if (s->flags & FOLLOWS_DEFINED) {
 265                 s->vfollows = s->follows;
 266                 s->flags |= VFOLLOWS_DEFINED;
 267                 s->flags &= ~FOLLOWS_DEFINED;
 268             }
 269         }
 270         /* Every section must have a start address. */
 271         if (s->flags & VSTART_DEFINED) {
 272             s->start = s->vstart;
 273             s->flags |= START_DEFINED;
 274         }
 275         /* Move the section into the nobits list. */
 276         *sp = s->next;
 277         s->next = NULL;
 278         *nt = s;
 279         nt = &s->next;
 280     }
 281
 282     /* Step 2: Sort the progbits sections into their output order. */
 283
 284     /* In Step 2 we move around sections in groups.  A group
 285      * begins with a section (group leader) that has a user-
 286      * defined start address or follows section.  The remainder
 287      * of the group is made up of the sections that implicitly
 288      * follow the group leader (i.e., they were defined after
 289      * the group leader and were not given an explicit start
 290      * address or follows section by the user). */
 291
 292     /* For anyone attempting to read this code:
 293      * g (group) points to a group of sections, the first one of which has
 294      *   a user-defined start address or follows section.
 295      * gp (g previous) holds the location of the pointer to g.
 296      * gs (g scan) is a temp variable that we use to scan to the end of the group.
 297      * gsp (gs previous) holds the location of the pointer to gs.
 298      * nt (nobits tail) points to the nobits section-list tail.
 299      */
 300
 301     /* Link all 'follows' groups to their proper position.  To do
 302      * this we need to know three things: the start of the group
 303      * to relocate (g), the section it is following (s), and the
 304      * end of the group we're relocating (gs). */
 305     for (gp = &sections, g = sections; g; g = gs) {     /* Find the next follows group that is out of place (g). */
 306         if (!(g->flags & FOLLOWS_DEFINED)) {
 307             while (g->next) {
 308                 if ((g->next->flags & FOLLOWS_DEFINED) &&
 309                     strcmp(g->name, g->next->follows))
 310                     break;
 311                 g = g->next;
 312             }
 313             if (!g->next)
 314                 break;
 315             gp = &g->next;
 316             g = g->next;
 317         }
 318         /* Find the section that this group follows (s). */
 319         for (sp = &sections, s = sections;
 320              s && strcmp(s->name, g->follows);
 321              sp = &s->next, s = s->next) ;
 322         if (!s)
 323             error(ERR_FATAL|ERR_NOFILE, "section %s follows an invalid or"
 324                   " unknown section (%s)", g->name, g->follows);
 325         if (s->next && (s->next->flags & FOLLOWS_DEFINED) &&
 326             !strcmp(s->name, s->next->follows))
 327             error(ERR_FATAL|ERR_NOFILE, "sections %s and %s can't both follow"
 328                   " section %s", g->name, s->next->name, s->name);
 329         /* Find the end of the current follows group (gs). */
 330         for (gsp = &g->next, gs = g->next;
 331              gs && (gs != s) && !(gs->flags & START_DEFINED);
 332              gsp = &gs->next, gs = gs->next) {
 333             if (gs->next && (gs->next->flags & FOLLOWS_DEFINED) &&
 334                 strcmp(gs->name, gs->next->follows)) {
 335                 gsp = &gs->next;
 336                 gs = gs->next;
 337                 break;
 338             }
 339         }
 340         /* Re-link the group after its follows section. */
 341         *gsp = s->next;
 342         s->next = g;
 343         *gp = gs;
 344     }
 345
 346     /* Link all 'start' groups to their proper position.  Once
 347      * again we need to know g, s, and gs (see above).  The main
 348      * difference is we already know g since we sort by moving
 349      * groups from the 'unsorted' list into a 'sorted' list (g
 350      * will always be the first section in the unsorted list). */
 351     for (g = sections, sections = NULL; g; g = gs) {    /* Find the section that we will insert this group before (s). */
 352         for (sp = &sections, s = sections; s; sp = &s->next, s = s->next)
 353             if ((s->flags & START_DEFINED) && (g->start < s->start))
 354                 break;
 355         /* Find the end of the group (gs). */
 356         for (gs = g->next, gsp = &g->next;
 357              gs && !(gs->flags & START_DEFINED);
 358              gsp = &gs->next, gs = gs->next) ;
 359         /* Re-link the group before the target section. */
 360         *sp = g;
 361         *gsp = s;
 362     }
 363
 364     /* Step 3: Compute start addresses for all progbits sections. */
 365
 366     /* Make sure we have an origin and a start address for the first section. */
 367     if (origin_defined) {
 368         if (sections->flags & START_DEFINED) {
 369             /* Make sure this section doesn't begin before the origin. */
 370             if (sections->start < origin)
 371                 error(ERR_FATAL|ERR_NOFILE, "section %s begins"
 372                       " before program origin", sections->name);
 373         } else if (sections->flags & ALIGN_DEFINED) {
 374             sections->start = ((origin + sections->align - 1) &
 375                                ~(sections->align - 1));
 376         } else {
 377             sections->start = origin;
 378         }
 379     } else {
 380         if (!(sections->flags & START_DEFINED))
 381             sections->start = 0;
 382         origin = sections->start;
 383     }
 384     sections->flags |= START_DEFINED;
 385
 386     /* Make sure each section has an explicit start address.  If it
 387      * doesn't, then compute one based its alignment and the end of
 388      * the previous section. */
 389     for (pend = sections->start, g = s = sections; g; g = g->next) {    /* Find the next section that could cause an overlap situation
 390                                                                          * (has a defined start address, and is not zero length). */
 391         if (g == s)
 392             for (s = g->next;
 393                  s && ((s->length == 0) || !(s->flags & START_DEFINED));
 394                  s = s->next) ;
 395         /* Compute the start address of this section, if necessary. */
 396         if (!(g->flags & START_DEFINED)) {      /* Default to an alignment of 4 if unspecified. */
 397             if (!(g->flags & ALIGN_DEFINED)) {
 398                 g->align = 4;
 399                 g->flags |= ALIGN_DEFINED;
 400             }
 401             /* Set the section start address. */
 402             g->start = (pend + g->align - 1) & ~(g->align - 1);
 403             g->flags |= START_DEFINED;
 404         }
 405         /* Ugly special case for progbits sections' virtual attributes:
 406          *   If there is a defined valign, but no vstart and no vfollows, then
 407          *   we valign after the previous progbits section.  This case doesn't
 408          *   really make much sense for progbits sections with a defined start
 409          *   address, but it is possible and we must do *something*.
 410          * Not-so-ugly special case:
 411          *   If a progbits section has no virtual attributes, we set the
 412          *   vstart equal to the start address.  */
 413         if (!(g->flags & (VSTART_DEFINED | VFOLLOWS_DEFINED))) {
 414             if (g->flags & VALIGN_DEFINED)
 415                 g->vstart = (pend + g->valign - 1) & ~(g->valign - 1);
 416             else
 417                 g->vstart = g->start;
 418             g->flags |= VSTART_DEFINED;
 419         }
 420         /* Ignore zero-length sections. */
 421         if (g->start < pend)
 422             continue;
 423         /* Compute the span of this section. */
 424         pend = g->start + g->length;
 425         /* Check for section overlap. */
 426         if (s) {
 427             if (s->start < origin)
 428                 error(ERR_FATAL|ERR_NOFILE, "section %s beings before program origin",
 429                       s->name);
 430             if (g->start > s->start)
 431                 error(ERR_FATAL|ERR_NOFILE, "sections %s ~ %s and %s overlap!",
 432                       gs->name, g->name, s->name);
 433             if (pend > s->start)
 434                 error(ERR_FATAL|ERR_NOFILE, "sections %s and %s overlap!",
 435                       g->name, s->name);
 436         }
 437         /* Remember this section as the latest >0 length section. */
 438         gs = g;
 439     }
 440
 441     /* Step 4: Compute vstart addresses for all sections. */
 442
 443     /* Attach the nobits sections to the end of the progbits sections. */
 444     for (s = sections; s->next; s = s->next) ;
 445     s->next = nobits;
 446     last_progbits = s;
 447     /*
 448      * Scan for sections that don't have a vstart address.  If we find
 449      * one we'll attempt to compute its vstart.  If we can't compute
 450      * the vstart, we leave it alone and come back to it in a
 451      * subsequent scan.  We continue scanning and re-scanning until
 452      * we've gone one full cycle without computing any vstarts.
 453      */
 454     do {                        /* Do one full scan of the sections list. */
 455         for (h = 0, g = sections; g; g = g->next) {
 456             if (g->flags & VSTART_DEFINED)
 457                 continue;
 458             /* Find the section that this one virtually follows.  */
 459             if (g->flags & VFOLLOWS_DEFINED) {
 460                 for (s = sections; s && strcmp(g->vfollows, s->name);
 461                      s = s->next) ;
 462                 if (!s)
 463                     error(ERR_FATAL|ERR_NOFILE,
 464                           "section %s vfollows unknown section (%s)",
 465                           g->name, g->vfollows);
 466             } else if (g->ifollows != NULL)
 467                 for (s = sections; s && (s != g->ifollows); s = s->next) ;
 468             /* The .bss section is the only one with ifollows = NULL.
 469                In this case we implicitly follow the last progbits
 470                section.  */
 471             else
 472                 s = last_progbits;
 473
 474             /* If the section we're following has a vstart, we can proceed. */
 475             if (s->flags & VSTART_DEFINED) {    /* Default to virtual alignment of four. */
 476                 if (!(g->flags & VALIGN_DEFINED)) {
 477                     g->valign = 4;
 478                     g->flags |= VALIGN_DEFINED;
 479                 }
 480                 /* Compute the vstart address. */
 481                 g->vstart = (s->vstart + s->length + g->valign - 1)
 482                     & ~(g->valign - 1);
 483                g->flags |= VSTART_DEFINED;
 484                 h++;
 485                 /* Start and vstart mean the same thing for nobits sections. */
 486                 if (g->flags & TYPE_NOBITS)
 487                     g->start = g->vstart;
 488             }
 489         }
 490     } while (h);
 491
 492     /* Now check for any circular vfollows references, which will manifest
 493      * themselves as sections without a defined vstart. */
 494     for (h = 0, s = sections; s; s = s->next) {
 495         if (!(s->flags & VSTART_DEFINED)) {     /* Non-fatal errors after assembly has completed are generally a
 496                                                  * no-no, but we'll throw a fatal one eventually so it's ok.  */
 497             error(ERR_NONFATAL, "cannot compute vstart for section %s",
 498                   s->name);
 499             h++;
 500         }
 501     }
 502     if (h)
 503         error(ERR_FATAL|ERR_NOFILE, "circular vfollows path detected");
 504
 505 #ifdef DEBUG
 506     fprintf(stdout,
 507             "bin_cleanup: Confirm final section order for output file:\n");
 508     for (h = 0, s = sections; s && (s->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS);
 509          h++, s = s->next)
 510         fprintf(stdout, "%i. %s\n", h, s->name);
 511 #endif
 512
 513     /* Step 5: Apply relocations. */
 514
 515     /* Prepare the sections for relocating. */
 516     for (s = sections; s; s = s->next)
 517         saa_rewind(s->contents);
 518     /* Apply relocations. */
 519     for (r = relocs; r; r = r->next) {
 520         uint8_t *p, *q, mydata[8];
 521         int64_t l;
 522
 523         saa_fread(r->target->contents, r->posn, mydata, r->bytes);
 524         p = q = mydata;
 525         l = *p++;
 526
 527         if (r->bytes > 1) {
 528             l += ((int64_t)*p++) << 8;
 529             if (r->bytes >= 4) {
 530                 l += ((int64_t)*p++) << 16;
 531                 l += ((int64_t)*p++) << 24;
 532             }
 533             if (r->bytes == 8) {
 534                 l += ((int64_t)*p++) << 32;
 535                 l += ((int64_t)*p++) << 40;
 536                 l += ((int64_t)*p++) << 48;
 537                 l += ((int64_t)*p++) << 56;
 538             }
 539         }
 540
 541         s = find_section_by_index(r->secref);
 542         if (s) {
 543             if (r->secref == s->start_index)
 544                 l += s->start;
 545             else
 546                 l += s->vstart;
 547         }
 548         s = find_section_by_index(r->secrel);
 549         if (s) {
 550             if (r->secrel == s->start_index)
 551                 l -= s->start;
 552             else
 553                 l -= s->vstart;
 554         }
 555
 556         if (r->bytes >= 4)
 557             WRITEDLONG(q, l);
 558         else if (r->bytes == 2)
 559             WRITESHORT(q, l);
 560         else
 561             *q++ = (uint8_t)(l & 0xFF);
 562         saa_fwrite(r->target->contents, r->posn, mydata, r->bytes);
 563     }
 564
 565     /* Step 6: Write the section data to the output file. */
 566
 567     /* Write the progbits sections to the output file. */
 568     for (pend = origin, s = sections; s && (s->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS); s = s->next) {   /* Skip zero-length sections. */
 569         if (s->length == 0)
 570             continue;
 571         /* Pad the space between sections. */
 572         for (h = s->start - pend; h; h--)
 573             fputc('\0', fp);
 574         /* Write the section to the output file. */
 575         if (s->length > 0)
 576             saa_fpwrite(s->contents, fp);
 577         pend = s->start + s->length;
 578     }
 579     /* Done writing the file, so close it. */
 580     fclose(fp);
 581
 582     /* Step 7: Generate the map file. */
 583
 584     if (map_control) {
 585         static const char not_defined[] = "not defined";
 586
 587         /* Display input and output file names. */
 588         fprintf(rf, "\n- NASM Map file ");
 589         for (h = 63; h; h--)
 590             fputc('-', rf);
 591         fprintf(rf, "\n\nSource file:  %s\nOutput file:  %s\n\n",
 592                 infile, outfile);
 593
 594         if (map_control & MAP_ORIGIN) { /* Display program origin. */
 595             fprintf(rf, "-- Program origin ");
 596             for (h = 61; h; h--)
 597                 fputc('-', rf);
 598             fprintf(rf, "\n\n%08"PRIX64"\n\n", origin);
 599         }
 600         /* Display sections summary. */
 601         if (map_control & MAP_SUMMARY) {
 602             fprintf(rf, "-- Sections (summary) ");
 603             for (h = 57; h; h--)
 604                 fputc('-', rf);
 605             fprintf(rf, "\n\nVstart            Start             Stop              "
 606                     "Length    Class     Name\n");
 607             for (s = sections; s; s = s->next) {
 608                 fprintf(rf, "%16"PRIX64"  %16"PRIX64"  %16"PRIX64"  %08"PRIX64"  ",
 609                         s->vstart, s->start, s->start + s->length,
 610                         s->length);
 611                 if (s->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS)
 612                     fprintf(rf, "progbits  ");
 613                 else
 614                     fprintf(rf, "nobits    ");
 615                 fprintf(rf, "%s\n", s->name);
 616             }
 617             fprintf(rf, "\n");
 618         }
 619         /* Display detailed section information. */
 620         if (map_control & MAP_SECTIONS) {
 621             fprintf(rf, "-- Sections (detailed) ");
 622             for (h = 56; h; h--)
 623                 fputc('-', rf);
 624             fprintf(rf, "\n\n");
 625             for (s = sections; s; s = s->next) {
 626                 fprintf(rf, "---- Section %s ", s->name);
 627                 for (h = 65 - strlen(s->name); h; h--)
 628                     fputc('-', rf);
 629                 fprintf(rf, "\n\nclass:     ");
 630                 if (s->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS)
 631                     fprintf(rf, "progbits");
 632                 else
 633                     fprintf(rf, "nobits");
 634                 fprintf(rf, "\nlength:    %16"PRIX64"\nstart:     %16"PRIX64""
 635                         "\nalign:     ", s->length, s->start);
 636                 if (s->flags & ALIGN_DEFINED)
 637                     fprintf(rf, "%16"PRIX64"", s->align);
 638                 else
 639                     fputs(not_defined, rf);
 640                 fprintf(rf, "\nfollows:   ");
 641                 if (s->flags & FOLLOWS_DEFINED)
 642                     fprintf(rf, "%s", s->follows);
 643                 else
 644                     fputs(not_defined, rf);
 645                 fprintf(rf, "\nvstart:    %16"PRIX64"\nvalign:    ", s->vstart);
 646                 if (s->flags & VALIGN_DEFINED)
 647                     fprintf(rf, "%16"PRIX64"", s->valign);
 648                 else
 649                     fputs(not_defined, rf);
 650                 fprintf(rf, "\nvfollows:  ");
 651                 if (s->flags & VFOLLOWS_DEFINED)
 652                     fprintf(rf, "%s", s->vfollows);
 653                 else
 654                     fputs(not_defined, rf);
 655                 fprintf(rf, "\n\n");
 656             }
 657         }
 658         /* Display symbols information. */
 659         if (map_control & MAP_SYMBOLS) {
 660             int32_t segment;
 661             int64_t offset;
 662
 663             fprintf(rf, "-- Symbols ");
 664             for (h = 68; h; h--)
 665                 fputc('-', rf);
 666             fprintf(rf, "\n\n");
 667             if (no_seg_labels) {
 668                 fprintf(rf, "---- No Section ");
 669                 for (h = 63; h; h--)
 670                     fputc('-', rf);
 671                 fprintf(rf, "\n\nValue     Name\n");
 672                 for (l = no_seg_labels; l; l = l->next) {
 673                     lookup_label(l->name, &segment, &offset);
 674                     fprintf(rf, "%08"PRIX64"  %s\n", offset, l->name);
 675                 }
 676                 fprintf(rf, "\n\n");
 677             }
 678             for (s = sections; s; s = s->next) {
 679                 if (s->labels) {
 680                     fprintf(rf, "---- Section %s ", s->name);
 681                     for (h = 65 - strlen(s->name); h; h--)
 682                         fputc('-', rf);
 683                     fprintf(rf, "\n\nReal              Virtual           Name\n");
 684                     for (l = s->labels; l; l = l->next) {
 685                         lookup_label(l->name, &segment, &offset);
 686                         fprintf(rf, "%16"PRIX64"  %16"PRIX64"  %s\n",
 687                                 s->start + offset, s->vstart + offset,
 688                                 l->name);
 689                     }
 690                     fprintf(rf, "\n");
 691                 }
 692             }
 693         }
 694     }
 695
 696     /* Close the report file. */
 697     if (map_control && (rf != stdout) && (rf != stderr))
 698         fclose(rf);
 699
 700     /* Step 8: Release all allocated memory. */
 701
 702     /* Free sections, label pointer structs, etc.. */
 703     while (sections) {
 704         s = sections;
 705         sections = s->next;
 706         saa_free(s->contents);
 707         nasm_free(s->name);
 708         if (s->flags & FOLLOWS_DEFINED)
 709             nasm_free(s->follows);
 710         if (s->flags & VFOLLOWS_DEFINED)
 711             nasm_free(s->vfollows);
 712         while (s->labels) {
 713             l = s->labels;
 714             s->labels = l->next;
 715             nasm_free(l);
 716         }
 717         nasm_free(s);
 718     }
 719
 720     /* Free no-section labels. */
 721     while (no_seg_labels) {
 722         l = no_seg_labels;
 723         no_seg_labels = l->next;
 724         nasm_free(l);
 725     }
 726
 727     /* Free relocation structures. */
 728     while (relocs) {
 729         r = relocs->next;
 730         nasm_free(relocs);
 731         relocs = r;
 732     }
 733 }
 734
 735 static void bin_out(int32_t segto, const void *data,
 736                     enum out_type type, uint64_t size,
 737                     int32_t segment, int32_t wrt)
 738 {
 739     uint8_t *p, mydata[8];
 740     struct Section *s;
 741
 742     if (wrt != NO_SEG) {
 743         wrt = NO_SEG;           /* continue to do _something_ */
 744         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "WRT not supported by binary output format");
 745     }
 746
 747     /* Handle absolute-assembly (structure definitions). */
 748     if (segto == NO_SEG) {
 749         if (type != OUT_RESERVE)
 750             error(ERR_NONFATAL, "attempt to assemble code in"
 751                   " [ABSOLUTE] space");
 752         return;
 753     }
 754
 755     /* Find the segment we are targeting. */
 756     s = find_section_by_index(segto);
 757     if (!s)
 758         error(ERR_PANIC, "code directed to nonexistent segment?");
 759
 760     /* "Smart" section-type adaptation code. */
 761     if (!(s->flags & TYPE_DEFINED)) {
 762         if (type == OUT_RESERVE)
 763             s->flags |= TYPE_DEFINED | TYPE_NOBITS;
 764         else
 765             s->flags |= TYPE_DEFINED | TYPE_PROGBITS;
 766     }
 767
 768     if ((s->flags & TYPE_NOBITS) && (type != OUT_RESERVE))
 769         error(ERR_WARNING, "attempt to initialize memory in a"
 770               " nobits section: ignored");
 771
 772     if (type == OUT_ADDRESS) {
 773         if (segment != NO_SEG && !find_section_by_index(segment)) {
 774             if (segment % 2)
 775                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "binary output format does not support"
 776                       " segment base references");
 777             else
 778                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "binary output format does not support"
 779                       " external references");
 780             segment = NO_SEG;
 781         }
 782         if (s->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS) {
 783             if (segment != NO_SEG)
 784                 add_reloc(s, size, segment, -1L);
 785             p = mydata;
 786             WRITEADDR(p, *(int64_t *)data, size);
 787             saa_wbytes(s->contents, mydata, size);
 788         }
 789         s->length += size;
 790     } else if (type == OUT_RAWDATA) {
 791         if (s->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS)
 792             saa_wbytes(s->contents, data, size);
 793         s->length += size;
 794     } else if (type == OUT_RESERVE) {
 795         if (s->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS) {
 796             error(ERR_WARNING, "uninitialized space declared in"
 797                   " %s section: zeroing", s->name);
 798             saa_wbytes(s->contents, NULL, size);
 799         }
 800         s->length += size;
 801     } else if (type == OUT_REL2ADR || type == OUT_REL4ADR ||
 802                type == OUT_REL8ADR) {
 803         int64_t addr = *(int64_t *)data - size;
 804         size = realsize(type, size);
 805         if (segment != NO_SEG && !find_section_by_index(segment)) {
 806             if (segment % 2)
 807                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "binary output format does not support"
 808                       " segment base references");
 809             else
 810                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "binary output format does not support"
 811                       " external references");
 812             segment = NO_SEG;
 813         }
 814         if (s->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS) {
 815             add_reloc(s, size, segment, segto);
 816             p = mydata;
 817             WRITEADDR(p, addr - s->length, size);
 818             saa_wbytes(s->contents, mydata, size);
 819         }
 820         s->length += size;
 821     }
 822 }
 823
 824 static void bin_deflabel(char *name, int32_t segment, int64_t offset,
 825                          int is_global, char *special)
 826 {
 827     (void)segment;              /* Don't warn that this parameter is unused */
 828     (void)offset;               /* Don't warn that this parameter is unused */
 829
 830     if (special)
 831         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "binary format does not support any"
 832               " special symbol types");
 833     else if (name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.' && name[2] != '@')
 834         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "unrecognised special symbol `%s'", name);
 835     else if (is_global == 2)
 836         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "binary output format does not support common"
 837               " variables");
 838     else {
 839         struct Section *s;
 840         struct bin_label ***ltp;
 841
 842         /* Remember label definition so we can look it up later when
 843          * creating the map file. */
 844         s = find_section_by_index(segment);
 845         if (s)
 846             ltp = &(s->labels_end);
 847         else
 848             ltp = &nsl_tail;
 849         (**ltp) = nasm_malloc(sizeof(struct bin_label));
 850         (**ltp)->name = name;
 851         (**ltp)->next = NULL;
 852         *ltp = &((**ltp)->next);
 853     }
 854
 855 }
 856
 857 /* These constants and the following function are used
 858  * by bin_secname() to parse attribute assignments. */
 859
 860 enum { ATTRIB_START, ATTRIB_ALIGN, ATTRIB_FOLLOWS,
 861     ATTRIB_VSTART, ATTRIB_VALIGN, ATTRIB_VFOLLOWS,
 862     ATTRIB_NOBITS, ATTRIB_PROGBITS
 863 };
 864
 865 static int bin_read_attribute(char **line, int *attribute,
 866                               uint64_t *value)
 867 {
 868     expr *e;
 869     int attrib_name_size;
 870     struct tokenval tokval;
 871     char *exp;
 872
 873     /* Skip whitespace. */
 874     while (**line && nasm_isspace(**line))
 875         (*line)++;
 876     if (!**line)
 877         return 0;
 878
 879     /* Figure out what attribute we're reading. */
 880     if (!nasm_strnicmp(*line, "align=", 6)) {
 881         *attribute = ATTRIB_ALIGN;
 882         attrib_name_size = 6;
 883     } else if (format_mode) {
 884         if (!nasm_strnicmp(*line, "start=", 6)) {
 885             *attribute = ATTRIB_START;
 886             attrib_name_size = 6;
 887         } else if (!nasm_strnicmp(*line, "follows=", 8)) {
 888             *attribute = ATTRIB_FOLLOWS;
 889             *line += 8;
 890             return 1;
 891         } else if (!nasm_strnicmp(*line, "vstart=", 7)) {
 892             *attribute = ATTRIB_VSTART;
 893             attrib_name_size = 7;
 894         } else if (!nasm_strnicmp(*line, "valign=", 7)) {
 895             *attribute = ATTRIB_VALIGN;
 896             attrib_name_size = 7;
 897         } else if (!nasm_strnicmp(*line, "vfollows=", 9)) {
 898             *attribute = ATTRIB_VFOLLOWS;
 899             *line += 9;
 900             return 1;
 901         } else if (!nasm_strnicmp(*line, "nobits", 6) &&
 902                    (nasm_isspace((*line)[6]) || ((*line)[6] == '\0'))) {
 903             *attribute = ATTRIB_NOBITS;
 904             *line += 6;
 905             return 1;
 906         } else if (!nasm_strnicmp(*line, "progbits", 8) &&
 907                    (nasm_isspace((*line)[8]) || ((*line)[8] == '\0'))) {
 908             *attribute = ATTRIB_PROGBITS;
 909             *line += 8;
 910             return 1;
 911         } else
 912             return 0;
 913     } else
 914         return 0;
 915
 916     /* Find the end of the expression. */
 917     if ((*line)[attrib_name_size] != '(') {
 918         /* Single term (no parenthesis). */
 919         exp = *line += attrib_name_size;
 920         while (**line && !nasm_isspace(**line))
 921             (*line)++;
 922         if (**line) {
 923             **line = '\0';
 924             (*line)++;
 925         }
 926     } else {
 927         char c;
 928         int pcount = 1;
 929
 930         /* Full expression (delimited by parenthesis) */
 931         exp = *line += attrib_name_size + 1;
 932         while (1) {
 933             (*line) += strcspn(*line, "()'\"");
 934             if (**line == '(') {
 935                 ++(*line);
 936                 ++pcount;
 937             }
 938             if (**line == ')') {
 939                 ++(*line);
 940                 --pcount;
 941                 if (!pcount)
 942                     break;
 943             }
 944             if ((**line == '"') || (**line == '\'')) {
 945                 c = **line;
 946                 while (**line) {
 947                     ++(*line);
 948                     if (**line == c)
 949                         break;
 950                 }
 951                 if (!**line) {
 952                     error(ERR_NONFATAL,
 953                           "invalid syntax in `section' directive");
 954                     return -1;
 955                 }
 956                 ++(*line);
 957             }
 958             if (!**line) {
 959                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "expecting `)'");
 960                 return -1;
 961             }
 962         }
 963         *(*line - 1) = '\0';    /* Terminate the expression. */
 964     }
 965
 966     /* Check for no value given. */
 967     if (!*exp) {
 968         error(ERR_WARNING, "No value given to attribute in"
 969               " `section' directive");
 970         return -1;
 971     }
 972
 973     /* Read and evaluate the expression. */
 974     stdscan_reset();
 975     stdscan_bufptr = exp;
 976     tokval.t_type = TOKEN_INVALID;
 977     e = evaluate(stdscan, NULL, &tokval, NULL, 1, error, NULL);
 978     if (e) {
 979         if (!is_really_simple(e)) {
 980             error(ERR_NONFATAL, "section attribute value must be"
 981                   " a critical expression");
 982             return -1;
 983         }
 984     } else {
 985         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "Invalid attribute value"
 986               " specified in `section' directive.");
 987         return -1;
 988     }
 989     *value = (uint64_t)reloc_value(e);
 990     return 1;
 991 }
 992
 993 static void bin_assign_attributes(struct Section *sec, char *astring)
 994 {
 995     int attribute, check;
 996     uint64_t value;
 997     char *p;
 998
 999     while (1) {                 /* Get the next attribute. */
1000         check = bin_read_attribute(&astring, &attribute, &value);
1001         /* Skip bad attribute. */
1002         if (check == -1)
1003             continue;
1004         /* Unknown section attribute, so skip it and warn the user. */
1005         if (!check) {
1006             if (!*astring)
1007                 break;          /* End of line. */
1008             else {
1009                 p = astring;
1010                 while (*astring && !nasm_isspace(*astring))
1011                     astring++;
1012                 if (*astring) {
1013                     *astring = '\0';
1014                     astring++;
1015                 }
1016                 error(ERR_WARNING, "ignoring unknown section attribute:"
1017                       " \"%s\"", p);
1018             }
1019             continue;
1020         }
1021
1022         switch (attribute) {    /* Handle nobits attribute. */
1023         case ATTRIB_NOBITS:
1024             if ((sec->flags & TYPE_DEFINED)
1025                 && (sec->flags & TYPE_PROGBITS))
1026                 error(ERR_NONFATAL,
1027                       "attempt to change section type"
1028                       " from progbits to nobits");
1029             else
1030                 sec->flags |= TYPE_DEFINED | TYPE_NOBITS;
1031             continue;
1032
1033             /* Handle progbits attribute. */
1034         case ATTRIB_PROGBITS:
1035             if ((sec->flags & TYPE_DEFINED) && (sec->flags & TYPE_NOBITS))
1036                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "attempt to change section type"
1037                       " from nobits to progbits");
1038             else
1039                 sec->flags |= TYPE_DEFINED | TYPE_PROGBITS;
1040             continue;
1041
1042             /* Handle align attribute. */
1043         case ATTRIB_ALIGN:
1044             if (!format_mode && (!strcmp(sec->name, ".text")))
1045                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "cannot specify an alignment"
1046                       " to the .text section");
1047             else {
1048                 if (!value || ((value - 1) & value))
1049                     error(ERR_NONFATAL, "argument to `align' is not a"
1050                           " power of two");
1051                 else {          /* Alignment is already satisfied if the previous
1052                                  * align value is greater. */
1053                     if ((sec->flags & ALIGN_DEFINED)
1054                         && (value < sec->align))
1055                         value = sec->align;
1056
1057                     /* Don't allow a conflicting align value. */
1058                     if ((sec->flags & START_DEFINED)
1059                         && (sec->start & (value - 1)))
1060                         error(ERR_NONFATAL,
1061                               "`align' value conflicts "
1062                               "with section start address");
1063                     else {
1064                         sec->align = value;
1065                         sec->flags |= ALIGN_DEFINED;
1066                     }
1067                 }
1068             }
1069             continue;
1070
1071             /* Handle valign attribute. */
1072         case ATTRIB_VALIGN:
1073             if (!value || ((value - 1) & value))
1074                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "argument to `valign' is not a"
1075                       " power of two");
1076             else {              /* Alignment is already satisfied if the previous
1077                                  * align value is greater. */
1078                 if ((sec->flags & VALIGN_DEFINED) && (value < sec->valign))
1079                     value = sec->valign;
1080
1081                 /* Don't allow a conflicting valign value. */
1082                 if ((sec->flags & VSTART_DEFINED)
1083                     && (sec->vstart & (value - 1)))
1084                     error(ERR_NONFATAL,
1085                           "`valign' value conflicts "
1086                           "with `vstart' address");
1087                 else {
1088                     sec->valign = value;
1089                     sec->flags |= VALIGN_DEFINED;
1090                 }
1091             }
1092             continue;
1093
1094             /* Handle start attribute. */
1095         case ATTRIB_START:
1096             if (sec->flags & FOLLOWS_DEFINED)
1097                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "cannot combine `start' and `follows'"
1098                       " section attributes");
1099             else if ((sec->flags & START_DEFINED) && (value != sec->start))
1100                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "section start address redefined");
1101             else {
1102                 sec->start = value;
1103                 sec->flags |= START_DEFINED;
1104                 if (sec->flags & ALIGN_DEFINED) {
1105                     if (sec->start & (sec->align - 1))
1106                         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "`start' address conflicts"
1107                               " with section alignment");
1108                     sec->flags ^= ALIGN_DEFINED;
1109                 }
1110             }
1111             continue;
1112
1113             /* Handle vstart attribute. */
1114         case ATTRIB_VSTART:
1115             if (sec->flags & VFOLLOWS_DEFINED)
1116                 error(ERR_NONFATAL,
1117                       "cannot combine `vstart' and `vfollows'"
1118                       " section attributes");
1119             else if ((sec->flags & VSTART_DEFINED)
1120                      && (value != sec->vstart))
1121                 error(ERR_NONFATAL,
1122                       "section virtual start address"
1123                       " (vstart) redefined");
1124             else {
1125                 sec->vstart = value;
1126                 sec->flags |= VSTART_DEFINED;
1127                 if (sec->flags & VALIGN_DEFINED) {
1128                     if (sec->vstart & (sec->valign - 1))
1129                         error(ERR_NONFATAL, "`vstart' address conflicts"
1130                               " with `valign' value");
1131                     sec->flags ^= VALIGN_DEFINED;
1132                 }
1133             }
1134             continue;
1135
1136             /* Handle follows attribute. */
1137         case ATTRIB_FOLLOWS:
1138             p = astring;
1139             astring += strcspn(astring, " \t");
1140             if (astring == p)
1141                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "expecting section name for `follows'"
1142                       " attribute");
1143             else {
1144                 *(astring++) = '\0';
1145                 if (sec->flags & START_DEFINED)
1146                     error(ERR_NONFATAL,
1147                           "cannot combine `start' and `follows'"
1148                           " section attributes");
1149                 sec->follows = nasm_strdup(p);
1150                 sec->flags |= FOLLOWS_DEFINED;
1151             }
1152             continue;
1153
1154             /* Handle vfollows attribute. */
1155         case ATTRIB_VFOLLOWS:
1156             if (sec->flags & VSTART_DEFINED)
1157                 error(ERR_NONFATAL,
1158                       "cannot combine `vstart' and `vfollows'"
1159                       " section attributes");
1160             else {
1161                 p = astring;
1162                 astring += strcspn(astring, " \t");
1163                 if (astring == p)
1164                     error(ERR_NONFATAL,
1165                           "expecting section name for `vfollows'"
1166                           " attribute");
1167                 else {
1168                     *(astring++) = '\0';
1169                     sec->vfollows = nasm_strdup(p);
1170                     sec->flags |= VFOLLOWS_DEFINED;
1171                 }
1172             }
1173             continue;
1174         }
1175     }
1176 }
1177
1178 static void bin_define_section_labels(void)
1179 {
1180     static int labels_defined = 0;
1181     struct Section *sec;
1182     char *label_name;
1183     size_t base_len;
1184
1185     if (labels_defined)
1186         return;
1187     for (sec = sections; sec; sec = sec->next) {
1188         base_len = strlen(sec->name) + 8;
1189         label_name = nasm_malloc(base_len + 8);
1190         strcpy(label_name, "section.");
1191         strcpy(label_name + 8, sec->name);
1192
1193         /* section.<name>.start */
1194         strcpy(label_name + base_len, ".start");
1195         define_label(label_name, sec->start_index, 0L,
1196                      NULL, 0, 0, bin_get_ofmt(), error);
1197
1198         /* section.<name>.vstart */
1199         strcpy(label_name + base_len, ".vstart");
1200         define_label(label_name, sec->vstart_index, 0L,
1201                      NULL, 0, 0, bin_get_ofmt(), error);
1202
1203         nasm_free(label_name);
1204     }
1205     labels_defined = 1;
1206 }
1207
1208 static int32_t bin_secname(char *name, int pass, int *bits)
1209 {
1210     char *p;
1211     struct Section *sec;
1212
1213     /* bin_secname is called with *name = NULL at the start of each
1214      * pass.  Use this opportunity to establish the default section
1215      * (default is BITS-16 ".text" segment).
1216      */
1217     if (!name) {                /* Reset ORG and section attributes at the start of each pass. */
1218         origin_defined = 0;
1219         for (sec = sections; sec; sec = sec->next)
1220             sec->flags &= ~(START_DEFINED | VSTART_DEFINED |
1221                             ALIGN_DEFINED | VALIGN_DEFINED);
1222
1223         /* Define section start and vstart labels. */
1224         if (format_mode && (pass != 1))
1225             bin_define_section_labels();
1226
1227         /* Establish the default (.text) section. */
1228         *bits = 16;
1229         sec = find_section_by_name(".text");
1230         sec->flags |= TYPE_DEFINED | TYPE_PROGBITS;
1231         current_section = sec->vstart_index;
1232         return current_section;
1233     }
1234
1235     /* Attempt to find the requested section.  If it does not
1236      * exist, create it. */
1237     p = name;
1238     while (*p && !nasm_isspace(*p))
1239         p++;
1240     if (*p)
1241         *p++ = '\0';
1242     sec = find_section_by_name(name);
1243     if (!sec) {
1244         sec = create_section(name);
1245         if (!strcmp(name, ".data"))
1246             sec->flags |= TYPE_DEFINED | TYPE_PROGBITS;
1247         else if (!strcmp(name, ".bss")) {
1248             sec->flags |= TYPE_DEFINED | TYPE_NOBITS;
1249             sec->ifollows = NULL;
1250         } else if (!format_mode) {
1251             error(ERR_NONFATAL, "section name must be "
1252                   ".text, .data, or .bss");
1253             return current_section;
1254         }
1255     }
1256
1257     /* Handle attribute assignments. */
1258     if (pass != 1)
1259         bin_assign_attributes(sec, p);
1260
1261 #ifndef ABIN_SMART_ADAPT
1262     /* The following line disables smart adaptation of
1263      * PROGBITS/NOBITS section types (it forces sections to
1264      * default to PROGBITS). */
1265     if ((pass != 1) && !(sec->flags & TYPE_DEFINED))
1266         sec->flags |= TYPE_DEFINED | TYPE_PROGBITS;
1267 #endif
1268
1269     /* Set the current section and return. */
1270     current_section = sec->vstart_index;
1271     return current_section;
1272 }
1273
1274 static int bin_directive(char *directive, char *args, int pass)
1275 {
1276     /* Handle ORG directive */
1277     if (!nasm_stricmp(directive, "org")) {
1278         struct tokenval tokval;
1279         uint64_t value;
1280         expr *e;
1281
1282         stdscan_reset();
1283         stdscan_bufptr = args;
1284         tokval.t_type = TOKEN_INVALID;
1285         e = evaluate(stdscan, NULL, &tokval, NULL, 1, error, NULL);
1286         if (e) {
1287             if (!is_really_simple(e))
1288                 error(ERR_NONFATAL, "org value must be a critical"
1289                       " expression");
1290             else {
1291                 value = reloc_value(e);
1292                 /* Check for ORG redefinition. */
1293                 if (origin_defined && (value != origin))
1294                     error(ERR_NONFATAL, "program origin redefined");
1295                 else {
1296                     origin = value;
1297                     origin_defined = 1;
1298                 }
1299             }
1300         } else
1301             error(ERR_NONFATAL, "No or invalid offset specified"
1302                   " in ORG directive.");
1303         return 1;
1304     }
1305
1306     /* The 'map' directive allows the user to generate section
1307      * and symbol information to stdout, stderr, or to a file. */
1308     else if (format_mode && !nasm_stricmp(directive, "map")) {
1309         char *p;
1310
1311         if (pass != 1)
1312             return 1;
1313         args += strspn(args, " \t");
1314         while (*args) {
1315             p = args;
1316             args += strcspn(args, " \t");
1317             if (*args != '\0')
1318                 *(args++) = '\0';
1319             if (!nasm_stricmp(p, "all"))
1320                 map_control |=
1321                     MAP_ORIGIN | MAP_SUMMARY | MAP_SECTIONS | MAP_SYMBOLS;
1322             else if (!nasm_stricmp(p, "brief"))
1323                 map_control |= MAP_ORIGIN | MAP_SUMMARY;
1324             else if (!nasm_stricmp(p, "sections"))
1325                 map_control |= MAP_ORIGIN | MAP_SUMMARY | MAP_SECTIONS;
1326             else if (!nasm_stricmp(p, "segments"))
1327                 map_control |= MAP_ORIGIN | MAP_SUMMARY | MAP_SECTIONS;
1328             else if (!nasm_stricmp(p, "symbols"))
1329                 map_control |= MAP_SYMBOLS;
1330             else if (!rf) {
1331                 if (!nasm_stricmp(p, "stdout"))
1332                     rf = stdout;
1333                 else if (!nasm_stricmp(p, "stderr"))
1334                     rf = stderr;
1335                 else {          /* Must be a filename. */
1336                     rf = fopen(p, "wt");
1337                     if (!rf) {
1338                         error(ERR_WARNING, "unable to open map file `%s'",
1339                               p);
1340                         map_control = 0;
1341                         return 1;
1342                     }
1343                 }
1344             } else
1345                 error(ERR_WARNING, "map file already specified");
1346         }
1347         if (map_control == 0)
1348             map_control |= MAP_ORIGIN | MAP_SUMMARY;
1349         if (!rf)
1350             rf = stdout;
1351         return 1;
1352     }
1353     return 0;
1354 }
1355
1356 static void bin_filename(char *inname, char *outname, efunc error)
1357 {
1358     standard_extension(inname, outname, "", error);
1359     infile = inname;
1360     outfile = outname;
1361 }
1362
1363 static int32_t bin_segbase(int32_t segment)
1364 {
1365     return segment;
1366 }
1367
1368 static int bin_set_info(enum geninfo type, char **val)
1369 {
1370     (void)type;
1371     (void)val;
1372     return 0;
1373 }
1374
1375 static void bin_init(FILE * afp, efunc errfunc, ldfunc ldef, evalfunc eval)
1376 {
1377     fp = afp;
1378     error = errfunc;
1379
1380     (void)eval;                 /* Don't warn that this parameter is unused. */
1381     (void)ldef;                 /* Placate optimizers. */
1382
1383     maxbits = 64;               /* Support 64-bit Segments */
1384     relocs = NULL;
1385     reloctail = &relocs;
1386     origin_defined = 0;
1387     no_seg_labels = NULL;
1388     nsl_tail = &no_seg_labels;
1389     format_mode = 1;            /* Extended bin format
1390                                  * (set this to zero for old bin format). */
1391
1392     /* Create default section (.text). */
1393     sections = last_section = nasm_malloc(sizeof(struct Section));
1394     last_section->next = NULL;
1395     last_section->name = nasm_strdup(".text");
1396     last_section->contents = saa_init(1L);
1397     last_section->follows = last_section->vfollows = 0;
1398     last_section->ifollows = NULL;
1399     last_section->length = 0;
1400     last_section->flags = TYPE_DEFINED | TYPE_PROGBITS;
1401     last_section->labels = NULL;
1402     last_section->labels_end = &(last_section->labels);
1403     last_section->start_index = seg_alloc();
1404     last_section->vstart_index = current_section = seg_alloc();
1405 }
1406
1407 struct ofmt of_bin = {
1408     "flat-form binary files (e.g. DOS .COM, .SYS)",
1409     "bin",
1410     NULL,
1411     null_debug_arr,
1412     &null_debug_form,
1413     bin_stdmac,
1414     bin_init,
1415     bin_set_info,
1416     bin_out,
1417     bin_deflabel,
1418     bin_secname,
1419     bin_segbase,
1420     bin_directive,
1421     bin_filename,
1422     bin_cleanup
1423 };
1424
1425 /* This is needed for bin_define_section_labels() */
1426 struct ofmt *bin_get_ofmt(void)
1427 {
1428     return &of_bin;
1429 }
1430
1431 #endif                          /* #ifdef OF_BIN */