1 .\" $NetBSD: wlanctl.8,v 1.5 2009/03/11 18:47:52 joerg Exp $
2 .\" Copyright (c) 2004 David Young. All rights reserved.
4 .\" This code was written by David Young.
6 .\" Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
7 .\" modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 .\" 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
10 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
11 .\" 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
12 .\" notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
13 .\" documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
14 .\" 3. The name of David Young may not be used to endorse or promote
15 .\" products derived from this software without specific prior
16 .\" written permission.
18 .\" THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY DAVID YOUNG ``AS IS'' AND ANY
19 .\" EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
20 .\" THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
21 .\" PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL DAVID
22 .\" YOUNG BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,
23 .\" EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED
24 .\" TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
25 .\" DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND
26 .\" ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY,
27 .\" OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
28 .\" OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
29 .\" POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
36 .Nd examine IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN client/peer table
48 utility to print node tables from IEEE 802.11 interfaces.
51 flag to print the nodes for all interfaces, or list one or more
52 802.11 interfaces to select their tables for examination.
55 flag causes only nodes that do not have encryption enabled to be printed.
56 For example, to examine the node tables for atw0, use:
58 .Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
63 may print this node table, for example:
65 .Bd -literal -offset indent -compact
66 atw0: mac 00:02:6f:20:f6:2e bss 02:02:6f:20:f6:2e
67 node flags 0001\*[Lt]bss\*[Gt]
68 ess \*[Lt]netbsd\*[Gt]
69 chan 11 freq 2462MHz flags 00a0\*[Lt]cck,2.4GHz\*[Gt]
70 capabilities 0022\*[Lt]ibss,short preamble\*[Gt]
71 beacon-interval 100 TU tsft 18425852102545544165 us
72 rates [1.0] 2.0 5.5 11.0
73 assoc-id 0 assoc-failed 0 inactivity 0s
74 rssi 161 txseq 10 rxseq 1420
75 atw0: mac 00:02:2d:2e:3c:f4 bss 02:02:6f:20:f6:2e
77 ess \*[Lt]netbsd\*[Gt]
78 chan 11 freq 2462MHz flags 00a0\*[Lt]cck,2.4GHz\*[Gt]
79 capabilities 0002\*[Lt]ibss\*[Gt]
80 beacon-interval 100 TU tsft 18425852105450086784 us
81 rates [1.0] 2.0 5.5 11.0
82 assoc-id 0 assoc-failed 0 inactivity 0s
83 rssi 159 txseq 2 rxseq 551
84 atw0: mac 00:02:6f:20:f6:2e bss 02:02:6f:20:f6:2e
86 ess \*[Lt]netbsd\*[Gt]
87 chan 11 freq 2462MHz flags 00a0\*[Lt]cck,2.4GHz\*[Gt]
88 capabilities 0022\*[Lt]ibss,short preamble\*[Gt]
89 beacon-interval 100 TU tsft 18425852102558548069 us
90 rates [1.0] 2.0 5.5 6.0 9.0 11.0 12.0 18.0 24.0 36.0 48.0 54.0
91 assoc-id 0 assoc-failed 0 inactivity 145s
92 rssi 163 txseq 9 rxseq 2563
95 This example is taken from a network consisting of three stations
96 running in ad hoc mode.
97 The key for interpreting the node print-outs follows:
98 .Bl -tag -width "do_not_adapt" -compact
100 In the example node table, the first network node has MAC number
103 The first node belongs to the 802.11 network identified
104 by Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID) 02:02:6f:20:f6:2e.
106 Only three node flags,
111 are presently defined.
112 The first node is distinguished from the rest by its node flags:
115 indicates that the node represents the 802.11 network
116 that the interface has joined or created.
117 The MAC number for the node is the same as the MAC number for the
120 the name of the (Extended) Service Set
122 This is the same as the network name set by
129 prints the channel number, the center frequency in megahertz, and
131 The channel flags indicate the frequency band
132 .Po Do 2.4GHz Dc or Do 5GHz Dc Pc ,
134 .Po Do cck Dc , Do gfsk Dc , Do ofdm Dc , Do turbo Dc , and \
135 Do dynamic cck-ofdm Dc Pc ,
136 and operation constraints
137 .Pq Dq passive scan .
138 Common combinations of band and modulation are these:
139 .Bl -column 2.4GHz "dynamic cck-ofdm" "1-2Mb/s frequency-hopping 802.11"
140 .It Sy Band Modulation Description
141 .It 2.4GHz cck 11Mb/s DSSS 802.11b
142 .It 2.4GHz gfsk 1-2Mb/s FHSS 802.11
143 .It 2.4GHz ofdm 54Mb/s 802.11g
144 .It 2.4GHz dynamic cck-ofdm mixed 802.11b/g network
145 .It 5GHz ofdm 54Mb/s 802.11a
146 .It 5GHz turbo 108Mb/s 802.11a
149 ad hoc-mode and AP-mode 802.11 stations advertise their capabilities
150 in 802.11 Beacons and Probe Responses.
152 understands these capability flags:
153 .Bl -column "channel agility" "adapt channel to protect licensed services"
154 .It Sy Flag Description
155 .It ess infrastructure (access point) network
156 .It ibss ad hoc network (no access point)
158 .It request cf poll TBD
159 .It privacy WEP encryption
160 .It short preamble reduce 802.11b overhead
161 .It pbcc 22Mbps ``802.11b+''
162 .It channel agility change channel for licensed services
163 .It short slot-time TBD
164 .It rsn TBD Real Soon Now
167 .It Fa beacon-interval
168 In the example, beacons are sent once every 100 Time Units.
169 A Time Unit (TU) is 1024 microseconds (a
173 Thus 100 TU is about one tenth of a second.
175 802.11 stations keep a Time Synchronization Function Timer (TSFT)
176 which counts up in microseconds.
177 Ad hoc-mode stations synchronize time with their peers.
178 Infrastructure-mode stations synchronize time with their access
180 Power-saving stations wake and sleep at intervals measured by the
182 The TSF Timer has a role in the coalescence of 802.11 ad hoc networks
185 802.11 stations indicate the bit-rates they support, in units of
186 100kb/s in 802.11 Beacons, Probe Responses, and Association Requests.
188 prints a station's supported bit-rates in 1Mb/s units.
189 A station's basic rates are flagged by an asterisk
191 The last bit-rate at which a packet was sent to the station is
192 enclosed by square brackets.
194 In an infrastructure network, the access point assigns each client
195 an Association Identifier which is used to indicate traffic for
196 power-saving stations.
198 The number of times the station tried and failed to associate
199 with its access point.
202 Seconds elapsed since a packet was last received from the station.
203 When this value reaches net.link.ieee80211.maxinact, the station
204 is eligible to be purged from the node table.
208 Unitless Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI).
209 Higher numbers indicate stronger signals.
210 Zero is the lowest possible RSSI.
211 On a hostap- or adhoc-mode interface, the node with
216 to indicate the signal strength for the last packet received from
217 a station that does not belong to the network.
218 On an infrastructure-mode station, the node with
221 set indicates the strength of packets from the access point.
223 The next 802.11 packet sent to this station will carry this transmit
225 The 802.11 MAC uses the transmit sequence number to detect duplicate
228 The last packet received from this station carried this transmit
238 .An David Young Aq dyoung@NetBSD.org