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30 .\" @(#)networks.5 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/5/93
37 .Nd Internet Protocol network name data base
41 file is used as a local source to translate between Internet Protocol
43 network addresses and network names (and vice versa).
44 It can be used in conjunction with the DNS,
48 .\".Sq networks.byaddr ,
50 .\".Sq networks.byname ,
56 file was originally intended to be an exhaustive list of all
58 networks that the local host could communicate with, distribution
59 and update of such a list for the world-wide
61 (or, indeed, for any large "enterprise" network) has proven to be
62 prohibitive, so the Domain Name System
64 is used instead, except as noted.
68 network a single line should be present with the following information:
69 .Dl name network [alias ...]
72 .Bl -tag -width network -offset indent -compact
81 Items are separated by any number of blanks and/or tab characters.
84 indicates the beginning of a comment; characters up to the end of
85 the line are not interpreted by routines which search the file.
87 Network number may be specified in the conventional dot
94 address manipulation library,
96 Network names may contain
100 zero through nine, and dash.
103 network numbers on the
105 are generally assigned to a site by its Internet Service Provider
107 who, in turn, get network address space assigned to them by one of
108 the regional Internet Registries (e.g. ARIN, RIPE NCC, APNIC).
109 These registries, in turn, answer to the Internet Assigned Numbers
113 If a site changes its ISP from one to another, it will generally
114 be required to change all its assigned IP addresses as part of the
115 conversion; that is, return the previous network numbers to the previous
117 and assign addresses to its hosts from
119 network address space given by the new
121 Thus, it is best for a savvy network manager to configure his
122 hosts for easy renumbering, to preserve his ability to easily
125 should the need arise.
127 .Bl -tag -width /etc/networks -compact
136 .Xr nsswitch.conf 5 ,
145 .%T "Classless IN-ADDR.ARPA delegation"
150 .%T "Address Allocation for Private Internets"
155 .%T "Network 10 Considered Harmful"
160 .%T "Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR): an Address Assignment and Aggregation Strategy"
165 .%T "DNS Encoding of Network Names and Other Types"
170 file format appeared in