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136 .IX Title "BIO_read 3"
137 .TH BIO_read 3 "2000-09-16" "1.1.0-dev" "OpenSSL"
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143 BIO_read, BIO_write, BIO_gets, BIO_puts \- BIO I/O functions
147 .IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
149 \& #include <openssl/bio.h>
151 \& int BIO_read(BIO *b, void *buf, int len);
152 \& int BIO_gets(BIO *b,char *buf, int size);
153 \& int BIO_write(BIO *b, const void *buf, int len);
154 \& int BIO_puts(BIO *b,const char *buf);
157 .IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
158 \&\fIBIO_read()\fR attempts to read \fBlen\fR bytes from \s-1BIO\s0 \fBb\fR and places
159 the data in \fBbuf\fR.
161 \&\fIBIO_gets()\fR performs the BIOs \*(L"gets\*(R" operation and places the data
162 in \fBbuf\fR. Usually this operation will attempt to read a line of data
163 from the \s-1BIO\s0 of maximum length \fBlen\fR. There are exceptions to this
164 however, for example \fIBIO_gets()\fR on a digest \s-1BIO\s0 will calculate and
165 return the digest and other BIOs may not support \fIBIO_gets()\fR at all.
167 \&\fIBIO_write()\fR attempts to write \fBlen\fR bytes from \fBbuf\fR to \s-1BIO\s0 \fBb\fR.
169 \&\fIBIO_puts()\fR attempts to write a null terminated string \fBbuf\fR to \s-1BIO\s0 \fBb\fR
171 .IX Header "RETURN VALUES"
172 All these functions return either the amount of data successfully read or
173 written (if the return value is positive) or that no data was successfully
174 read or written if the result is 0 or \-1. If the return value is \-2 then
175 the operation is not implemented in the specific \s-1BIO\s0 type.
178 A 0 or \-1 return is not necessarily an indication of an error. In
179 particular when the source/sink is non-blocking or of a certain type
180 it may merely be an indication that no data is currently available and that
181 the application should retry the operation later.
183 One technique sometimes used with blocking sockets is to use a system call
184 (such as \fIselect()\fR, \fIpoll()\fR or equivalent) to determine when data is available
185 and then call \fIread()\fR to read the data. The equivalent with BIOs (that is call
186 \&\fIselect()\fR on the underlying I/O structure and then call \fIBIO_read()\fR to
187 read the data) should \fBnot\fR be used because a single call to \fIBIO_read()\fR
188 can cause several reads (and writes in the case of \s-1SSL\s0 BIOs) on the underlying
189 I/O structure and may block as a result. Instead \fIselect()\fR (or equivalent)
190 should be combined with non blocking I/O so successive reads will request
191 a retry instead of blocking.
193 See \fIBIO_should_retry\fR\|(3) for details of how to
194 determine the cause of a retry and other I/O issues.
196 If the \fIBIO_gets()\fR function is not supported by a \s-1BIO\s0 then it possible to
197 work around this by adding a buffering \s-1BIO\s0 \fIBIO_f_buffer\fR\|(3)
200 .IX Header "SEE ALSO"
201 \&\fIBIO_should_retry\fR\|(3)