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  13                 <h3>NTP PARSE clock data formats</h3>
  14                 <p>The parse driver currently supports several clocks with different query mechanisms. In order for you to find a sample that might be similar to a clock you might want to integrate into parse I'll sum up the major features of the clocks (this information is distributed in the parse/clk_*.c and ntpd/refclock_parse.c files).</p>
  15                 <hr>
  16                 <h4>Meinberg clocks</h4>
  17                 <pre>
  18 Meinberg: start=&lt;STX&gt;, end=&lt;ETX&gt;, sync on start
  19       pattern=&quot;\2D:  .  .  ;T: ;U:  .  .  ;    \3&quot;
  20       pattern=&quot;\2  .  .  ;  ;   :  :  ;        \3&quot;
  21       pattern=&quot;\2  .  .  ;  ;   :  :  ;    :  ;        ;   .         .       &quot;
  22 </pre>
  23                 <p>Meinberg is a German manufacturer of time code receivers. Those clocks have a pretty common output format in the stock version. In order to support NTP Meinberg was so kind to produce some special versions of the firmware for the use with NTP. So, if you are going to use a Meinberg clock please ask whether there is a special Uni Erlangen version. You can reach <a href="http://www.meinberg.de/">Meinberg</a> via the Web. Information can also be ordered via eMail from <a href="mailto:%20info@meinberg.de">info@meinberg.de</a></p>
  24                 <p>General characteristics:<br>
  25                         Meinberg clocks primarily output pulse per second and a describing ASCII string. This string can be produced in two modes: either upon the reception of a question mark or every second. NTP uses the latter mechanism. DCF77 AM clocks have a limited accuracy of a few milliseconds. The DCF77 PZF5xx variants provide higher accuracy and have a pretty good relationship between RS232 time code and the PPS signal. Except for early versions of the old GPS166 receiver type, Meinberg GPS receivers have a very good timing relationship between the datagram and the pulse. The beginning of the start bit of the first character has basically the same accuracy as the PPS signal, plus a jitter of up to 1 bit time depending on the selected baud rate, i.e. 52 &mu;s @ 19200. PPS support should always be used, if possible, in order to yield the highest possible accuracy.</p>
  26                 <p>The preferred tty setting for Meinberg DCF77 receivers is 9600/7E2:</p>
  27                 <pre>
  28                 CFLAG           (B9600|CS7|PARENB|CREAD|HUPCL)
  29                 IFLAG           (IGNBRK|IGNPAR|ISTRIP)
  30                 OFLAG           0
  31                 LFLAG           0
  32         </pre>
  33                 <p>The tty setting for Meinberg GPS16x/17x receivers is 19200/8N1:</p>
  34                 <pre>
  35                 CFLAG           (B19200|CS8|PARENB|CREAD|HUPCL)
  36                 IFLAG           (IGNBRK|IGNPAR|ISTRIP)
  37                 OFLAG           0
  38                 LFLAG           0
  39         </pre>
  40                 <p>All clocks should be run at datagram once per second.<br><br></p>
  41                 <p>Format of the Meinberg standard time string:</p>
  42 <pre>
  43         <b><i>&lt;STX&gt;</i>D:<i>dd.mm.yy</i>;T:<i>w</i>;U:<i>hh.mm.ss</i>;<i>uvxy</i><i>&lt;ETX&gt;</i></b>
  44     pos:  0  000000001111111111222222222233  3
  45           1  234567890123456789012345678901  2
  46
  47     <i>&lt;STX&gt;</i>         = start-of-text, ASCII code 0x02
  48     <i>dd.mm.yy</i>      = day of month, month, year of the century, separated by dots
  49     <i>w</i>             = day of week (1..7, Monday = 1)
  50     <i>hh:mm:ss</i>      = hour, minute, second, separated by dots
  51     <i>u</i>             = '#' for GPS receivers: time is <b>not</b> synchronized
  52                            '#' for older PZF5xx receivers: no correlation, not synchronized
  53                            '#' for other devices: never sync'ed since powerup
  54                            ' ' if nothing of the above applies
  55     <i>v</i>             = '*' for GPS receivers: position has <b>not</b> been verified
  56                            '*' for other devices: freewheeling based on internal quartz
  57                            ' ' if nothing of the above applies
  58     <i>x</i>             = 'U' if UTC time is transmitted
  59                            'S' if daylight saving time is active
  60                            ' ' if nothing of the above applies
  61     <i>y</i>             = '!' during the hour preceding start or end of daylight saving time
  62                            'A' during the hour preceding a leap second
  63                            ' ' if nothing of the above applies
  64     <i>&lt;ETX&gt;</i>         = end-of-text, ASCII code 0x03
  65 </pre>
  66                 <p>Format of the Uni Erlangen time string for PZF5xx receivers:</p>
  67 <pre>
  68         <b><i>&lt;STX&gt;</i><i>dd.mm.yy</i>; <i>w</i>; <i>hh:mm:ss</i>; <i>tuvxyza</i><i>&lt;ETX&gt;</i></b>
  69     pos:  0  000000001111111111222222222233  3
  70           1  234567890123456789012345678901  2
  71
  72     <i>&lt;STX&gt;</i>         = start-of-text, ASCII code 0x02
  73     <i>dd.mm.yy</i>      = day of month, month, year of the century, separated by dots
  74     <i>w</i>             = day of week (1..7, Monday = 1)
  75     <i>hh:mm:ss</i>      = hour, minute, second, separated by colons
  76
  77     <i>t</i>             = 'U' if UTC time is transmitted, else ' '
  78     <i>u</i>             = '#' for older PZF5xx receivers: no correlation, not synchronized
  79                            '#' for PZF511 and newer: never sync'ed since powerup
  80                            ' ' if nothing of the above applies
  81     <i>v</i>             = '*' if freewheeling based on internal quartz, else ' '
  82     <i>x</i>             = 'S' if daylight saving time is active, else ' '
  83     <i>y</i>             = '!' during the hour preceding start or end of daylight saving time, else ' '
  84     <i>z</i>             = 'A' during the hour preceding a leap second, else ' '
  85     <i>a</i>             = 'R' alternate antenna (reminiscent of PZF5xx), usually ' ' for GPS receivers
  86     <i>&lt;ETX&gt;</i>         = end-of-text, ASCII code 0x03
  87 </pre>
  88                 <p>Format of the Uni Erlangen time string for GPS16x/GPS17x receivers:</p>
  89 <pre>
  90         <b><i>&lt;STX&gt;</i><i>dd.mm.yy</i>; <i>w</i>; <i>hh:mm:ss</i>; <i>+uu:uu</i>; <i>uvxyzab</i>; <i>ll.lllln</i> <i>lll.lllle</i> <i>hhhh</i>m<i>&lt;ETX&gt;</i></b>
  91     pos:  0  0000000011111111112222222222333333333344444444445555555555666666  6
  92           1  2345678901234567890123456789012345678901234567890123456789012345  6
  93
  94     <i>&lt;STX&gt;</i>         = start-of-text, ASCII code 0x02
  95     <i>dd.mm.yy</i>      = day of month, month, year of the century, separated by dots
  96     <i>w</i>             = day of week (1..7, Monday = 1)
  97     <i>hh:mm:ss</i>      = hour, minute, second, separated by colons
  98     <i>+uu:uu</i>        = offset to UTC in hours and minutes, preceded by + or -
  99     <i>u</i>             = '#' if time is <b>not</b> synchronized, else ' '
 100     <i>v</i>             = '*' if position has <b>not</b> been verified, else ' '
 101     <i>x</i>             = 'S' if daylight saving time is active, else ' '
 102     <i>y</i>             = '!' during the hour preceding start or end of daylight saving time, else ' '
 103     <i>z</i>             = 'A' during the hour preceding a leap second, else ' '
 104     <i>a</i>             = 'R' alternate antenna (reminiscent of PZF5xx), usually ' ' for GPS receivers
 105     <i>b</i>             = 'L' during a leap second, i.e. if the seconds field is 60, else ' '
 106     <i>ll.lllln</i>      = position latitude in degrees, 'n' can actually be 'N' or 'S', i.e. North or South
 107     <i>lll.lllle</i>     = position longitude in degrees, 'e' can actually be 'E' or 'W', i.e. East or West
 108     <i>hhhh</i>          = position altitude in meters, always followed by 'm'
 109     <i>&lt;ETX&gt;</i>         = end-of-text, ASCII code 0x03
 110 </pre>
 111                 <p>Examples for Uni Erlangen strings from GPS receivers:</p>
 112 <pre>
 113         \x02 09.07.93; 5; 08:48:26; +00:00;        ; 49.5736N  11.0280E  373m \x03
 114         \x02 08.11.06; 3; 14:39:39; +00:00;        ; 51.9828N   9.2258E  176m \x03
 115 </pre>
 116                 <p>The Uni Erlangen formats should be used preferably. Newer Meinberg GPS receivers can be configured to transmit that format, for older devices there may be a special firmware version available.</p>
 117                 <p>For the Meinberg parse look into clk_meinberg.c<br><br></p>
 118                 <hr>
 119                 <h4>Raw DCF77 Data via serial line</h4>
 120                 <p>RAWDCF: end=TIMEOUT&gt;1.5s, sync each char (any char),generate psuedo time codes, fixed format</p>
 121                 <p>direct DCF77 code input</p>
 122                 <p>In Europe it is relatively easy/cheap the receive the german time code transmitter DCF77. The simplest version to process its signal is to feed the 100/200ms pulse of the demodulated AM signal via a level converter to an RS232 port at 50Baud. parse/clk_rawdcf.c holds all necessary decoding logic for the time code which is transmitted each minute for one minute. A bit of the time code is sent once a second.</p>
 123                 <pre>
 124         The preferred tty setting is:
 125                 CFLAG           (B50|CS8|CREAD|CLOCAL)
 126                 IFLAG           0
 127                 OFLAG           0
 128                 LFLAG           0
 129 </pre>
 130                 <h4>DCF77 raw time code</h4>
 131                 <p>From &quot;Zur Zeit&quot;, Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig und Berlin, M&auml;rz 1989<br>
 132                 </p>
 133                 <p>Timecode transmission:</p>
 134                 <pre>
 135         AM:
 136
 137         time marks are send every second except for the second before the
 138         next minute mark
 139         time marks consist of a reduction of transmitter power to 25%
 140         of the nominal level
 141         the falling edge is the time indication (on time)
 142         time marks of a 100ms duration constitute a logical 0
 143         time marks of a 200ms duration constitute a logical 1
 144 </pre>
 145                 <p>see the spec. (basically a (non-)inverted psuedo random phase shift) encoding:</p>
 146                 <pre>
 147         FM:
 148
 149         Second  Contents
 150         0  - 10 AM: free, FM: 0
 151         11 - 14 free
 152         15              R     - alternate antenna
 153         16              A1    - expect zone change (1 hour before)
 154         17 - 18 Z1,Z2 - time zone
 155                  0  0 illegal
 156                  0  1 MEZ  (MET)
 157                  1  0 MESZ (MED, MET DST)
 158                  1  1 illegal
 159         19      A2    - expect leap insertion/deletion (1 hour before)
 160         20      S     - start of time code (1)
 161         21 - 24 M1    - BCD (lsb first) Minutes
 162         25 - 27 M10   - BCD (lsb first) 10 Minutes
 163         28      P1    - Minute Parity (even)
 164         29 - 32 H1    - BCD (lsb first) Hours
 165         33 - 34 H10   - BCD (lsb first) 10 Hours
 166         35      P2    - Hour Parity (even)
 167         36 - 39 D1    - BCD (lsb first) Days
 168         40 - 41 D10   - BCD (lsb first) 10 Days
 169         42 - 44 DW    - BCD (lsb first) day of week (1: Monday -&gt; 7: Sunday)
 170         45 - 49 MO1   - BCD (lsb first) Month
 171         50      MO10  - 10 Months
 172         51 - 53 Y1    - BCD (lsb first) Years
 173         54 - 57 Y10   - BCD (lsb first) 10 Years
 174         58      P3    - Date Parity (even)
 175         59            - usually missing (minute indication), except for leap insertion
 176 </pre>
 177                 <hr>
 178                 <h4>Schmid clock</h4>
 179                 <p>Schmid clock: needs poll, binary input, end='\xFC', sync start</p>
 180                 <p>The Schmid clock is a DCF77 receiver that sends a binary time code at the reception of a flag byte. The contents if the flag byte determined the time code format. The binary time code is delimited by the byte 0xFC.</p>
 181                 <pre>
 182         TTY setup is:
 183                 CFLAG           (B1200|CS8|CREAD|CLOCAL)
 184                 IFLAG           0
 185                 OFLAG           0
 186                 LFLAG           0
 187
 188 </pre>
 189                 <p>The command to Schmid's DCF77 clock is a single byte; each bit allows the user to select some part of the time string, as follows (the output for the lsb is sent first).</p>
 190                 <pre>
 191         Bit 0:  time in MEZ, 4 bytes *binary, not BCD*; hh.mm.ss.tenths
 192         Bit 1:  date 3 bytes *binary, not BCD: dd.mm.yy
 193         Bit 2:  week day, 1 byte (unused here)
 194         Bit 3:  time zone, 1 byte, 0=MET, 1=MEST. (unused here)
 195         Bit 4:  clock status, 1 byte,   0=time invalid,
 196                                         1=time from crystal backup,
 197                                         3=time from DCF77
 198         Bit 5:  transmitter status, 1 byte,
 199                                         bit 0: backup antenna
 200                                         bit 1: time zone change within 1h
 201                                         bit 3,2: TZ 01=MEST, 10=MET
 202                                         bit 4: leap second will be
 203                                                 added within one hour
 204                                         bits 5-7: Zero
 205         Bit 6:  time in backup mode, units of 5 minutes (unused here)
 206 </pre>
 207                 <hr>
 208                 <h4>Trimble SV6 ASCII time code (TAIP)</h4>
 209                 <p>Trimble SV6: needs poll, ascii timecode, start='&gt;', end='&lt;', query='&gt;QTM&lt;', eol='&lt;'</p>
 210                 <p>Trimble SV6 is a GPS receiver with PPS output. It needs to be polled. It also need a special tty mode setup (EOL='&lt;').</p>
 211                 <pre>
 212         TTY setup is:
 213                 CFLAG            (B4800|CS8|CREAD)
 214                 IFLAG            (BRKINT|IGNPAR|ISTRIP|ICRNL|IXON)
 215                 OFLAG            (OPOST|ONLCR)
 216                 LFLAG            (ICANON|ECHOK)
 217 </pre>
 218                 <p>Special flags are:</p>
 219                 <pre>           PARSE_F_PPSPPS      - use CIOGETEV for PPS time stamping
 220                 PARSE_F_PPSONSECOND - the time code is not related to
 221                                       the PPS pulse (so use the time code
 222                                       only for the second epoch)
 223
 224         Timecode
 225         0000000000111111111122222222223333333   / char
 226         0123456789012345678901234567890123456   \ posn
 227         &gt;RTMhhmmssdddDDMMYYYYoodnnvrrrrr;*xx&lt;     Actual
 228         ----33445566600112222BB7__-_____--99-   Parse
 229         &gt;RTM                      1     ;*  &lt;     Check
 230 </pre>
 231                 <hr>
 232                 <h4>ELV DCF7000</h4>
 233                 <p>ELV DCF7000: end='\r', pattern=&quot; - - - - - - - \r&quot;</p>
 234                 <p>The ELV DCF7000 is a cheap DCF77 receiver sending each second a time code (though not very precise!) delimited by '`r'</p>
 235                 <pre>
 236         Timecode
 237           YY-MM-DD-HH-MM-SS-FF\r
 238
 239                 FF&amp;0x1      - DST
 240                 FF&amp;0x2      - DST switch warning
 241                 FF&amp;0x4  - unsynchronised
 242 </pre>
 243                 <hr>
 244                 <h4>HOPF 6021 und Kompatible</h4>
 245                 <p>HOPF Funkuhr 6021 mit serieller Schnittstelle Created by F.Schnekenbuehl &lt;frank@comsys.dofn.de&gt; from clk_rcc8000.c Nortel DASA Network Systems GmbH, Department: ND250 A Joint venture of Daimler-Benz Aerospace and Nortel.</p>
 246                 <pre>
 247  hopf Funkuhr 6021
 248       used with 9600,8N1,
 249       UTC via serial line
 250       &quot;Sekundenvorlauf&quot; ON
 251       ETX zum Sekundenvorlauf ON
 252       dataformat 6021
 253       output time and date
 254       transmit with control characters
 255       transmit evry second
 256  </pre>
 257                 <p>Type 6021 Serial Output format</p>
 258                 <pre>
 259       000000000011111111 / char
 260       012345678901234567 \ position
 261       sABHHMMSSDDMMYYnre  Actual
 262        C4110046231195     Parse
 263       s              enr  Check
 264
 265   s = STX (0x02), e = ETX (0x03)
 266   n = NL  (0x0A), r = CR  (0x0D)
 267
 268   A B - Status and weekday
 269
 270   A - Status
 271
 272       8 4 2 1
 273       x x x 0  - no announcement
 274       x x x 1  - Summertime - wintertime - summertime announcement
 275       x x 0 x  - Wintertime
 276       x x 1 x  - Summertime
 277       0 0 x x  - Time/Date invalid
 278       0 1 x x  - Internal clock used
 279       1 0 x x  - Radio clock
 280       1 1 x x  - Radio clock highprecision
 281
 282   B - 8 4 2 1
 283       0 x x x  - MESZ/MEZ
 284       1 x x x  - UTC
 285       x 0 0 1  - Monday
 286       x 0 1 0  - Tuesday
 287       x 0 1 1  - Wednesday
 288       x 1 0 0  - Thursday
 289       x 1 0 1  - Friday
 290       x 1 1 0  - Saturday
 291       x 1 1 1  - Sunday
 292 </pre>
 293                 <hr>
 294                 <h4>Diem Computime Clock</h4>
 295                 <p>The Computime receiver sends a datagram in the following format every minute</p>
 296                 <pre>
 297    Timestamp    T:YY:MM:MD:WD:HH:MM:SSCRLF
 298    Pos          0123456789012345678901 2 3
 299                 0000000000111111111122 2 2
 300    Parse        T:  :  :  :  :  :  :  \r\n
 301
 302    T    Startcharacter &quot;T&quot; specifies start of the timestamp
 303    YY   Year MM Month 1-12
 304    MD   Day of the month
 305    WD   Day of week
 306    HH   Hour
 307    MM   Minute
 308    SS   Second
 309    CR   Carriage return
 310    LF   Linefeed
 311 </pre>
 312                 <hr>
 313                 <h4>WHARTON 400A Series Clock with a 404.2 Serial interface</h4>
 314                 <p>The WHARTON 400A Series clock is able to send date/time serial messages in 7 output formats. We use format 1 here because it is the shortest. We set up the clock to send a datagram every second. For use with this driver, the WHARTON 400A Series clock must be set-up as follows :</p>
 315                 <pre>
 316                                         Programmable    Selected
 317                                         Option No       Option
 318         BST or CET display              3               9 or 11
 319         No external controller          7               0
 320         Serial Output Format 1          9               1
 321         Baud rate 9600 bps              10              96
 322         Bit length 8 bits               11              8
 323         Parity even                     12              E
 324 </pre>
 325                 <p>WHARTON 400A Series output format 1 is as follows :</p>
 326                 <pre>
 327    Timestamp    STXssmmhhDDMMYYSETX
 328    Pos          0  12345678901234
 329                 0  00000000011111
 330
 331    STX  start transmission (ASCII 0x02)
 332    ETX  end transmission (ASCII 0x03)
 333    ss   Second expressed in reversed decimal (units then tens)
 334    mm   Minute expressed in reversed decimal
 335    hh   Hour expressed in reversed decimal
 336    DD   Day of month expressed in reversed decimal
 337    MM   Month expressed in reversed decimal (January is 1)
 338    YY   Year (without century) expressed in reversed decimal
 339    S    Status byte : 0x30 +
 340                 bit 0   0 = MSF source          1 = DCF source
 341                 bit 1   0 = Winter time         1 = Summer time
 342                 bit 2   0 = not synchronised    1 = synchronised
 343                 bit 3   0 = no early warning    1 = early warning
 344 </pre>
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