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1 .\" $NetBSD: prep,v 1.13 2008/10/29 17:07:33 tsutsui Exp $
2 .
3 First and foremost, before beginning the installation process,
4 .Em make sure you have a reliable backup
5 of any data on your hard disk that you
6 wish to keep.
7 Repartitioning your hard disk is an excellent way to destroy important data.
8 .Ss2 Software requirements
9 You will need the following RISC OS software:
10 .Bl -bullet
11 .It
12 A program that will unpack sparchives.
13 We recommend that you get David Pilling's !SparkPlug.
14 A self-extracting version of this
15 can be found in the distribution directory at
16 .Pa installation/misc/splug.bas
17 or at David Pilling's web site:
18 .Lk http://www.davidpilling.net/free.html
19 .It
20 A program to report your disk's geometry:
21 .Bl -bullet
22 .It
23 Not really needed, as you can simply boot the installation
24 kernel and look for the geometry in the boot messages.
25 .It
26 Sergio Monesi's fsck suite (a good thing to have around
27 anyway).
28 Available from:
29 .Lk http://www.monesi.com/sergio/fsck.html
30 .It
31 !Zap (The read disk facility).
32 Available from:
33 .Lk http://zap.tartarus.org/
34 .It
35 The partition software/formatter for your desired installation
36 target:
37 .Bl -bullet
38 .It
39 IDE disks on motherboard interface: !HForm
40 .It
41 IDE disks on Simtec interface: UNKNOWN
42 .It
43 IDE disks on ICS interface: UNKNOWN
44 .It
45 IDE disks on RapIDE interface: UNKNOWN
46 .It
47 Acorn SCSI cards: ScsiDM
48 .It
49 Power-tec SCSI cards: !PowerMgr
50 .It
51 Cumana SCSI-2: !SCSIMgr
52 .It
53 oak SCSI-1 card: UNKNOWN
54 .It
55 MCS Connect32 SCSI: UNKNOWN
56 .It
57 Morley SCSI: UNKNOWN
58 .El
59 .El
60 .It
61 An installation kernel for your platform:
62 .Pp
63 RiscPC/A7000(+)/NC's : INSTALL kernel
64 .It
65 The Bootloader and RISC OS tools:
66 .Pa BtNetBSD.spk
67 as found in the
68 .Pa installation/misc
69 directory.
70 (This should be pre-extracted if you're installing from CD-ROM).
71 .It
72 The
73 .Nx*M
74 distribution sets (Will be on the CD-ROM, or
75 available from your nearest
76 .Nx
77 ftp site).
78 .It
79 A hardcopy of this document
80 .El
81 .Ss2 Preliminary steps
82 Unpack your BtNetBSD archive in whatever way.
83 .Ss2 Preparing your hard disk
84 Terms:
85 .Bl -tag -width "File system"
86 .It Device
87 The actual physical hard disk
88 .It Partition
89 A section of a device.
90 .It File system
91 A structured partition that is able to hold files.
92 .It Disc
93 A RISC OS file system in a partition.
94 There can be more than one Disc per Device.
95 .El
96 .Pp
97 You will have to decide which device you wish to install
98 .Nx
99 on.
100 You will also have to decide whether you want to split the device
101 between one or more RiscOS Discs and
102 .Nx
103 or dedicate a whole
104 Device for
105 .Nx .
106 .Pp
107 In making this decision you should consider the possibility that if
108 .Nx
109 is incorrectly configured on a shared device then your shared
110 data is at risk.
111 .Pp
112 It is still recommended that if you decide to dedicate a device to
113 .Nx
114 that you set aside a small RISC OS partition at the beginning
115 of the device.
116 This is a useful place to store the RISC OS side of
117 .Nx ,
118 and will make the use of UnixFS easier to configure.
119 If you do decide to create a minimal RISC OS partition at the beginning of
120 the device, a size of 10-20 MB is recommended (some partitioning
121 software has problems with partitions smaller than this).
122 .Pp
123 The point is that you will have to repartition your device to make
124 room for a separate partition after the RISC OS one for
125 .Nx .
126 This
127 means backing up your device, re-partitioning it and then copying all
128 the data back afterwards.
129 We recommend that you only copy the needed
130 data back and put off installing the rest until you have
131 .Nx
132 up
133 and running.
134 This way you will save yourself a lot of work if
135 something goes wrong and you have to start all over again.
136 .Ss2 Sharing your device
137 2.1.1 Acorn IDE
138 .Pp
139 Use !HForm for this interface.
140 This is a program that is delivered with your computer and is located in the
141 .Pa Utilities
142 directory on your
143 hard disk.
144 .Pp
145 With this software you only have the possibility of using one
146 partition for RISC OS, so you have to set the rest aside for
147 .Nx .
148 .Pp
149 Use this procedure to set up your device:
150 .Bl -bullet
151 .It
152 Start !HForm by double-clicking on its icon.
153 .It
154 Choose the "custom" or "other" option when prompted (usually
155 the last).
156 .It
157 Use the default values for the geometry but do not enter the
158 full number of cylinders.
159 Just enter the number you want to use for RISC OS.
160 Make a note of this number.
161 .It
162 Continue to accept the default answers until you're asked
163 whether you want to format or initialize, choose initialize.
164 .It
165 Go to the section about running
166 .Ic bb_riscbsd .
167 .El
168 .Pp
169 2.1.2 Cumana SCSI-2 card
170 .Pp
171 It is recommended that you use a newer version of !SCSIMgr (newer
172 than v1.55) since this will be easier to use when you want to leave
173 part of the device unused by RISC OS.
174 You should check for the latest version of this software at the following URL:
175 .Lk http://www.cumana.demon.co.uk
176 .Pp
177 You need to create one or more RISC OS partitions, and you do it in
178 in the following way:
179 .Bl -bullet
180 .It
181 Run !SCSIMgr by double-clicking on it.
182 .It
183 Select the device you wish to repartition.
184 .It
185 Click on the clear icon in the partitions subwindow.
186 .It
187 This will give you a dialogue box where you can specify the
188 size of the RISC OS partitions.
189 Do not select all since you want to use part of it for
190 .Nx .
191 .It
192 Enter the amount of the device you wish to reserve for RiscOS.
193 This will be the whole device size less the amount you want to reserve for
194 .Nx .
195 Make a note of this number.
196 .It
197 If you like, split the RISC OS portion of the device into
198 several partition (you should only "see" the RiscOS portion).
199 .It
200 Click on Execute when you are happy with the partitions.
201 This will create your partitions, and wipe your device.
202 .It
203 Go to the section about running
204 .Ic bb_riscbsd .
205 .El
206 .Pp
207 2.1.3 Alsystems Power-tec SCSI-2 card
208 .Pp
209 You must use the !PowerMgr program to partition the device.
210 .Pp
211 The RISC OS partitions should be called
212 .Ql RiscOs: ,
213 and the
214 .Nx
215 one should be called
216 .Ql Empty: .
217 .Pp
218 Here is the procedure you should use:
219 .Bl -bullet
220 .It
221 Start !PowerMgr by double-clicking on its icon.
222 .It
223 Click on advanced in the main window
224 .It
225 Click on Define/create partitions
226 .Bl -bullet
227 .It
228 Click on the device you want to set up for NetBSD.
229 .It
230 Set up the RISC OS partitions as
231 .Ql RiscOs:
232 and the remaining one as
233 .Ql Empty: .
234 .It
235 Click on each figure and press RETURN.
236 .It
237 Click on partition drive.
238 .It
239 Click on yes to warning as you really want to wipe
240 the device.
241 .It
242 Click on yes to proceed, this will lead you to the
243 partition init.
244 .El
245 .It
246 Partition init
247 .Bl -bullet
248 .It
249 Set a tick on all
250 .Ql RiscOs:
251 partitions, give them a name and set LFAU to auto.
252 .It
253 Unset the tick on your
254 .Ql Empty:
255 partition.
256 .It
257 Click on Initialize selected partitions.
258 .It
259 Click on yes to proceed init as you want to wipe the
260 selected partitions.
261 .It
262 Click on yes to proceed to configure.
263 .El
264 .It
265 Configure
266 .Bl -bullet
267 .It
268 Here you should set up the RISC OS partitions as you like them.
269 Normally the default will be ok.
270 .It
271 Click on configure.
272 This will configure your computer and give you access to the Discs.
273 .El
274 .It
275 You
276 .Em must not
277 run
278 .Ic bb_riscbsd .
279 .El
280 .Pp
281 2.1.4 Acorn SCSI card
282 .Pp
283 You can only have one RISC OS partition with this card.
284 The rest has to be set aside for
285 .Nx .
286 This card does not have a friendly WIMP-based interface on the SCSI
287 management program, but the command line version is very good.
288 You should run this in a task window (press
289 .Key CTRL-F12 ) :
290 .Bd -ragged
291 .Li *dir Ar location_of_scsidm
292 .br
293 .Li *scsidm
294 .Ed
295 You will get the following prompt:
296 .Dl scsidm\*[Gt]
297 Now you should enter the following commands:
298 .Bl -tag -width Ic
299 .It Ic probe
300 (to see which devices are available)
301 .It Ic device Ar no
302 (replace
303 .Ar no
304 with the no of your device)
305 .It Ic section
306 (to divide the device between RISC OS and
307 .Nx )
308 .Bl -bullet
309 .It
310 Answer yes to the question:
311 .Dl Include RISCiX partitions?
312 .It
313 Enter the size of the RISC OS area in blocks
314 (sectors)
315 .It
316 SCSIDM will round this up to the nearest cylinder
317 boundary.
318 .It
319 Answer yes to the question:
320 .Bd -ragged -offset indent
321 .Li "Do you really want to section device" Ar no Ns Li "?"
322 .Ed
323 .It
324 This will section the device into two partitions.
325 .El
326 .It Ic quit
327 .El
328 .Pp
329 Go to the section on running
330 .Ic bb_riscbsd .
331 .Pp
332 2.1.5 Other interfaces
333 .Pp
334 It may not be possible to partition devices on other interface.
335 If you are using a different interface you have 2 options:
336 .Bl -bullet
337 .It
338 Try to work out how to partition devices on it
339 .It
340 Use the entire device for
341 .Nx
342 .El
343 .Ss2 Using a whole device for NetBSD
344 .Pp
345 As a safety precaution
346 .Nx*M
347 looks for a filecore bootblock
348 at the beginning of any device it labels.
349 If it finds one and it looks as though it is in use then
350 .Nx*M
351 will not touch it.
352 .Pp
353 Because of this, if you've ever used your device for RiscOS, you will
354 need to invalidate this bootblock.
355 .Pp
356 To do this you need to:
357 .Bl -bullet
358 .It
359 Be absolutely sure you want to do this.
360 .It
361 Run
362 .Ic bb_trash
363 and follow the instructions.
364 .El
365 .Pp
366 Ensure that this device is now not configured for RiscOS.
367 .Pp
368 You are now ready to boot
369 .Nx
370 and continue the installation.
371 .Ss2 Running bb_riscbsd
372 .Pp
373 When you run this program, you will first be asked whether you are
374 installing to an ADFS drive or a SCSI drive.
375 You can just press
376 .Ql A
377 or
378 .Ql S
379 respectively.
380 (The
381 .Ic bb_riscbsd
382 program assumes that you are using a
383 non-Acorn SCSI card, so if you are using an Acorn card, then you may
384 have to edit this program and replace
385 .Ql SCSI_DiscOp
386 with
387 .Ql SCSIFS_DiscOp . )
388 .Pp
389 Then you will be asked which Disc you want to install
390 .Nx
391 on.
392 This
393 .Em must
394 be the first Disc on the device.
395 .Ic bb_riscbsd
396 will now scrutinize the device and see how it has been laid out.
397 .Pp
398 It will then tell you how much of the device is occupied by RiscOS in
399 cylinders, and you will then be asked for the
400 .Nx
401 starting cylinder.
402 Normally you should just enter the number given to you
403 since the RISC OS starting cylinder is 0 and therefore the last
404 cylinder in use is one less than the figure given.
405 If no figure is displayed, then your partitioning software failed to
406 fill in the bootblock completely
407 (it doesn't have to do this for you but most do)
408 or you selected the wrong device.
409 If you are convinced that this is the correct device then you must
410 calculate a cylinder offset using the numbers noted down during
411 partitioning (if it is not a whole number
412 .Em always
413 round up, you might waste a little of the device but
414 it'll be safer).
415 .Pp
416 Make a note of this number.
417 .Pp
418 .Ic bb_riscbsd
419 will make a backup of the original bootblock, but it
420 can be non-trivial to put it back.
421 .Ss2 Booting
422 .Pp
423 Now that your device is ready for the installation you need to
424 unpack the bootloader archive,
425 .Pa BtNetBSD.spk ,
426 (If you're installing from CD-ROM then this should be unpacked already) and
427 copy the directory to your hard disk.
428 In the archive you'll find the tools
429 mentioned in this document as well as the bootloader
430 .Pa !BtNetBSD
431 itself.
432 .Ss2 Configuring the !BtNetBSD bootloader before installation
433 Open the
434 .Pa !BtNetBSD
435 application and edit the
436 .Pa fastboot
437 file.
438 .Pp
439 You can set details like tweaking with the amount of memory in
440 the WimpSlot of the bootloader when this is too much.
441 Remember however that this shouldn't be set too low for it can crash
442 the bootloader.
443 .Pp
444 When you think you've filled in the proper details save the file again
445 and proceed.
446 .Ss2 Booting the installation kernel
447 .Pp
448 Double click on the InstKern icon to start it
449 up.
450 .Pp
451 .Nx
452 should now start to boot, install
453 .Nx
454 as per the
455 .Nx
456 installation notes.
457 .Pp
458 When you finish the installation you can restarted the computer as
459 instructed.
460 .Ss2 Configuring !BtNetBSD after installation
461 .Pp
462 Open the
463 .Pa !BtNetBSD
464 application again and edit the
465 .Pa fastboot
466 file to fill in the normal kernel name.
467 .Pp
468 Specify the device
469 .Nx
470 should be looking for its kernel in.
471 This is the
472 .Ql "Run \*[Lt]BtNetBSD$Dir\*[Gt].native.mountufs ADFS 4"
473 line that is there by default.
474 See this document for other names.
475 .Pp
476 Set the kernel as
477 .Pa UnixFS:$.netbsd .
478 .Pp
479 Save the file and run !BtNetBSD again (see above).
480 .Pp
481 Finally, when you are happy with your
482 .Nx
483 installation, do whatever
484 is necessary to restore order to the partition you took space away from.
485 This will most likely involve restoring files, but might involve some
486 other
487 .Dq house-work .
488 .Pp
489 Your hard disk is now prepared to have
490 .Nx
491 installed on it, and you should proceed with the installation instructions.