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30 .\" @(#)popen.3 8.2 (Berkeley) 5/3/95
45 .Fn popen "const char *command" "const char *type"
47 .Fn pclose "FILE *stream"
53 a process by creating an IPC connection,
55 and invoking the shell.
58 was implemented with a unidirectional pipe;
59 hence many implementations of
63 argument to specify reading or writing, not both.
66 is now implemented using sockets, the
68 may request a bidirectional data flow.
71 argument is a pointer to a null-terminated string
78 for reading and writing.
82 argument is a pointer to a null-terminated string
83 containing a shell command line.
84 This command is passed to
88 flag; interpretation, if any, is performed by the shell.
94 stream in all respects
95 save that it must be closed with
99 Writing to such a stream
100 writes to the standard input of the command;
101 the command's standard output is the same as that of the process that called
103 unless this is altered by the command itself.
104 Conversely, reading from a
106 stream reads the command's standard output, and
107 the command's standard input is the same as that of the process that called
112 streams are fully buffered by default.
116 function waits for the associated process to terminate
117 and returns the exit status of the command
131 or if it cannot allocate memory.
138 is not associated with a
150 function does not reliably set
179 Since the standard input of a command opened for reading
180 shares its seek offset with the process that called
182 if the original process has done a buffered read,
183 the command's input position may not be as expected.
184 Similarly, the output from a command opened for writing
185 may become intermingled with that of the original process.
186 The latter can be avoided by calling
191 Failure to execute the shell
192 is indistinguishable from the shell's failure to execute command,
193 or an immediate exit of the command.
194 The only hint is an exit status of 127.