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34 .\" @(#)setbuf.3 8.1 (Berkeley) 6/4/93
44 .Nd stream buffering operations
50 .Fn setbuf "FILE * restrict stream" "char * restrict buf"
52 .Fn setbuffer "FILE *stream" "char *buf" "size_t size"
54 .Fn setlinebuf "FILE *stream"
56 .Fn setvbuf "FILE * restrict stream" "char * restrict buf" "int mode" "size_t size"
58 The three types of buffering available are unbuffered, block buffered,
60 When an output stream is unbuffered, information appears on the
61 destination file or terminal as soon as written;
62 when it is block buffered many characters are saved up and written as a block;
63 when it is line buffered characters are saved up until a newline is
64 output or input is read from any stream attached to a terminal device
68 may be used to force the block out early.
72 Normally all files are block buffered.
75 operation occurs on a file,
78 and an optimally-sized buffer is obtained.
79 If a stream refers to a terminal
82 normally does) it is line buffered.
83 The standard error stream
85 is initially unbuffered.
90 may be used to alter the buffering behavior of a stream.
93 parameter must be one of the following three macros:
94 .Bl -tag -width _IOFBF -offset indent
105 parameter may be given as zero
106 to obtain deferred optimal-size buffer allocation as usual.
108 then except for unbuffered files, the
110 argument should point to a buffer at least
113 this buffer will be used instead of the current buffer.
121 a buffer of the given size will be allocated immediately,
122 and released on close.
123 This is an extension to ANSI C;
124 portable code should use a size of 0 with any
130 function may be used at any time,
131 but may have peculiar side effects
132 (such as discarding input or flushing output)
133 if the stream is ``active''.
134 Portable applications should call it only once on any given stream,
139 The other three calls are, in effect, simply aliases for calls to
141 Except for the lack of a return value, the
143 function is exactly equivalent to the call
145 .Dl "setvbuf(stream, buf, buf ? _IOFBF : _IONBF, BUFSIZ);"
150 is the same, except that the size of the buffer is up to the caller,
151 rather than being determined by the default
156 is exactly equivalent to the call:
158 .Dl "setvbuf(stream, (char *)NULL, _IOLBF, 0);"
162 function returns 0 on success, or
164 if the request cannot be honored
165 (note that the stream is still functional in this case).
169 function returns what the equivalent
192 functions are not portable to versions of
202 always uses a suboptimal buffer size and should be avoided.