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[netbsd-mini2440.git] / sbin / newfs_msdos / newfs_msdos.c
blob79df241c63cc7f6af68074115281660b07c7e35e
1 /* $NetBSD: newfs_msdos.c,v 1.33 2009/03/28 21:34:33 he Exp $ */
2
3 /*
4 * Copyright (c) 1998 Robert Nordier
5 * All rights reserved.
6 *
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * are met:
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
14 * the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
15 * distribution.
16 *
17 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR(S) ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS
18 * OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED
19 * WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
20 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR(S) BE LIABLE FOR ANY
21 * DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
22 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE
23 * GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
24 * INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER
25 * IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR
26 * OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN
27 * IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
28 */
29
30 #include <sys/cdefs.h>
31 #ifndef lint
32 #if 0
33 static const char rcsid[] =
34 "$FreeBSD: src/sbin/newfs_msdos/newfs_msdos.c,v 1.15 2000/10/10 01:49:37 wollman Exp $";
35 #else
36 __RCSID("$NetBSD: newfs_msdos.c,v 1.33 2009/03/28 21:34:33 he Exp $");
37 #endif
38 #endif /* not lint */
39
40 #include <sys/types.h>
41 #include <sys/param.h>
42 #include <sys/mount.h>
43 #include <sys/stat.h>
44 #include <sys/time.h>
45 #include <sys/disk.h>
46
47 #include <ctype.h>
48 #include <err.h>
49 #include <errno.h>
50 #include <fcntl.h>
51 #include <paths.h>
52 #include <stdio.h>
53 #include <stdlib.h>
54 #include <string.h>
55 #include <time.h>
56 #include <unistd.h>
57 #include <signal.h>
58
59 #include <util.h>
60 #include <disktab.h>
61
62 #include "partutil.h"
63
64 #define MAXU16 0xffff /* maximum unsigned 16-bit quantity */
65 #define BPN 4 /* bits per nibble */
66 #define NPB 2 /* nibbles per byte */
67
68 #define DOSMAGIC 0xaa55 /* DOS magic number */
69 #define MINBPS 512 /* minimum bytes per sector */
70 #define MAXSPC 128 /* maximum sectors per cluster */
71 #define MAXNFT 16 /* maximum number of FATs */
72 #define DEFBLK 4096 /* default block size */
73 #define DEFBLK16 2048 /* default block size FAT16 */
74 #define DEFRDE 512 /* default root directory entries */
75 #define RESFTE 2 /* reserved FAT entries */
76 #define MINCLS12 1 /* minimum FAT12 clusters */
77 #define MINCLS16 0x1000 /* minimum FAT16 clusters */
78 #define MINCLS32 2 /* minimum FAT32 clusters */
79 #define MAXCLS12 0xfed /* maximum FAT12 clusters */
80 #define MAXCLS16 0xfff5 /* maximum FAT16 clusters */
81 #define MAXCLS32 0xffffff5 /* maximum FAT32 clusters */
82
83 #define mincls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MINCLS12 : \
84 (fat) == 16 ? MINCLS16 : \
85 MINCLS32)
86
87 #define maxcls(fat) ((fat) == 12 ? MAXCLS12 : \
88 (fat) == 16 ? MAXCLS16 : \
89 MAXCLS32)
90
91 #define mk1(p, x) \
92 (p) = (u_int8_t)(x)
93
94 #define mk2(p, x) \
95 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
96 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010)
97
98 #define mk4(p, x) \
99 (p)[0] = (u_int8_t)(x), \
100 (p)[1] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 010), \
101 (p)[2] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 020), \
102 (p)[3] = (u_int8_t)((x) >> 030)
103
104 #define argto1(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xff, msg)
105 #define argto2(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffff, msg)
106 #define argto4(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, 0xffffffff, msg)
107 #define argtox(arg, lo, msg) argtou(arg, lo, UINT_MAX, msg)
108
109 struct bs {
110 u_int8_t jmp[3]; /* bootstrap entry point */
111 u_int8_t oem[8]; /* OEM name and version */
112 };
113
114 struct bsbpb {
115 u_int8_t bps[2]; /* bytes per sector */
116 u_int8_t spc; /* sectors per cluster */
117 u_int8_t res[2]; /* reserved sectors */
118 u_int8_t nft; /* number of FATs */
119 u_int8_t rde[2]; /* root directory entries */
120 u_int8_t sec[2]; /* total sectors */
121 u_int8_t mid; /* media descriptor */
122 u_int8_t spf[2]; /* sectors per FAT */
123 u_int8_t spt[2]; /* sectors per track */
124 u_int8_t hds[2]; /* drive heads */
125 u_int8_t hid[4]; /* hidden sectors */
126 u_int8_t bsec[4]; /* big total sectors */
127 };
128
129 struct bsxbpb {
130 u_int8_t bspf[4]; /* big sectors per FAT */
131 u_int8_t xflg[2]; /* FAT control flags */
132 u_int8_t vers[2]; /* file system version */
133 u_int8_t rdcl[4]; /* root directory start cluster */
134 u_int8_t infs[2]; /* file system info sector */
135 u_int8_t bkbs[2]; /* backup boot sector */
136 u_int8_t rsvd[12]; /* reserved */
137 };
138
139 struct bsx {
140 u_int8_t drv; /* drive number */
141 u_int8_t rsvd; /* reserved */
142 u_int8_t sig; /* extended boot signature */
143 u_int8_t volid[4]; /* volume ID number */
144 u_int8_t label[11]; /* volume label */
145 u_int8_t type[8]; /* file system type */
146 };
147
148 struct de {
149 u_int8_t namext[11]; /* name and extension */
150 u_int8_t attr; /* attributes */
151 u_int8_t rsvd[10]; /* reserved */
152 u_int8_t time[2]; /* creation time */
153 u_int8_t date[2]; /* creation date */
154 u_int8_t clus[2]; /* starting cluster */
155 u_int8_t size[4]; /* size */
156 };
157
158 struct bpb {
159 u_int bps; /* bytes per sector */
160 u_int spc; /* sectors per cluster */
161 u_int res; /* reserved sectors */
162 u_int nft; /* number of FATs */
163 u_int rde; /* root directory entries */
164 u_int sec; /* total sectors */
165 u_int mid; /* media descriptor */
166 u_int spf; /* sectors per FAT */
167 u_int spt; /* sectors per track */
168 u_int hds; /* drive heads */
169 u_int hid; /* hidden sectors */
170 u_int bsec; /* big total sectors */
171 u_int bspf; /* big sectors per FAT */
172 u_int rdcl; /* root directory start cluster */
173 u_int infs; /* file system info sector */
174 u_int bkbs; /* backup boot sector */
175 };
176
177 #define INIT(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) \
178 { .bps = a, .spc = b, .res = c, .nft = d, .rde = e, \
179 .sec = f, .mid = g, .spf = h, .spt = i, .hds = j, }
180 static struct {
181 const char *name;
182 struct bpb bpb;
183 } stdfmt[] = {
184 {"160", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 320, 0xfe, 1, 8, 1)},
185 {"180", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 64, 360, 0xfc, 2, 9, 1)},
186 {"320", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 640, 0xff, 1, 8, 2)},
187 {"360", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 720, 0xfd, 2, 9, 2)},
188 {"640", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1280, 0xfb, 2, 8, 2)},
189 {"720", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 112, 1440, 0xf9, 3, 9, 2)},
190 {"1200", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2400, 0xf9, 7, 15, 2)},
191 {"1232", INIT(1024,1, 1, 2, 192, 1232, 0xfe, 2, 8, 2)},
192 {"1440", INIT(512, 1, 1, 2, 224, 2880, 0xf0, 9, 18, 2)},
193 {"2880", INIT(512, 2, 1, 2, 240, 5760, 0xf0, 9, 36, 2)}
194 };
195
196 static u_int8_t bootcode[] = {
197 0xfa, /* cli */
198 0x31, 0xc0, /* xor ax,ax */
199 0x8e, 0xd0, /* mov ss,ax */
200 0xbc, 0x00, 0x7c, /* mov sp,7c00h */
201 0xfb, /* sti */
202 0x8e, 0xd8, /* mov ds,ax */
203 0xe8, 0x00, 0x00, /* call $ + 3 */
204 0x5e, /* pop si */
205 0x83, 0xc6, 0x19, /* add si,+19h */
206 0xbb, 0x07, 0x00, /* mov bx,0007h */
207 0xfc, /* cld */
208 0xac, /* lodsb */
209 0x84, 0xc0, /* test al,al */
210 0x74, 0x06, /* jz $ + 8 */
211 0xb4, 0x0e, /* mov ah,0eh */
212 0xcd, 0x10, /* int 10h */
213 0xeb, 0xf5, /* jmp $ - 9 */
214 0x30, 0xe4, /* xor ah,ah */
215 0xcd, 0x16, /* int 16h */
216 0xcd, 0x19, /* int 19h */
217 0x0d, 0x0a,
218 'N', 'o', 'n', '-', 's', 'y', 's', 't',
219 'e', 'm', ' ', 'd', 'i', 's', 'k',
220 0x0d, 0x0a,
221 'P', 'r', 'e', 's', 's', ' ', 'a', 'n',
222 'y', ' ', 'k', 'e', 'y', ' ', 't', 'o',
223 ' ', 'r', 'e', 'b', 'o', 'o', 't',
224 0x0d, 0x0a,
225 0
226 };
227
228 static int got_siginfo = 0; /* received a SIGINFO */
229
230 static void check_mounted(const char *, mode_t);
231 static void getstdfmt(const char *, struct bpb *);
232 static void getbpbinfo(int, const char *, const char *, int, struct bpb *, int);
233 static void print_bpb(struct bpb *);
234 static u_int ckgeom(const char *, u_int, const char *);
235 static u_int argtou(const char *, u_int, u_int, const char *);
236 static off_t argtooff(const char *, const char *);
237 static int oklabel(const char *);
238 static void mklabel(u_int8_t *, const char *);
239 static void setstr(u_int8_t *, const char *, size_t);
240 static void usage(void);
241 static void infohandler(int sig);
242
243 /*
244 * Construct a FAT12, FAT16, or FAT32 file system.
245 */
246 int
247 main(int argc, char *argv[])
248 {
249 static char opts[] = "@:NB:C:F:I:L:O:S:a:b:c:e:f:h:i:k:m:n:o:r:s:u:";
250 static const char *opt_B, *opt_L, *opt_O, *opt_f;
251 static u_int opt_F, opt_I, opt_S, opt_a, opt_b, opt_c, opt_e;
252 static u_int opt_h, opt_i, opt_k, opt_m, opt_n, opt_o, opt_r;
253 static u_int opt_s, opt_u;
254 static int opt_N;
255 static int Iflag, mflag, oflag;
256 char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
257 struct stat sb;
258 struct timeval tv;
259 struct bpb bpb;
260 struct tm *tm;
261 struct bs *bs;
262 struct bsbpb *bsbpb;
263 struct bsxbpb *bsxbpb;
264 struct bsx *bsx;
265 struct de *de;
266 u_int8_t *img;
267 const char *fname, *dtype, *bname;
268 ssize_t n;
269 time_t now;
270 u_int fat, bss, rds, cls, dir, lsn, x, x1, x2;
271 int ch, fd, fd1;
272 static off_t opt_create=0, opt_ofs=0;
273
274 while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, opts)) != -1)
275 switch (ch) {
276 case '@':
277 opt_ofs = argtooff(optarg, "offset");
278 break;
279 case 'N':
280 opt_N = 1;
281 break;
282 case 'B':
283 opt_B = optarg;
284 break;
285 case 'C':
286 opt_create = argtooff(optarg, "create size");
287 break;
288 case 'F':
289 if (strcmp(optarg, "12") &&
290 strcmp(optarg, "16") &&
291 strcmp(optarg, "32"))
292 errx(1, "%s: bad FAT type", optarg);
293 opt_F = atoi(optarg);
294 break;
295 case 'I':
296 opt_I = argto4(optarg, 0, "volume ID");
297 Iflag = 1;
298 break;
299 case 'L':
300 if (!oklabel(optarg))
301 errx(1, "%s: bad volume label", optarg);
302 opt_L = optarg;
303 break;
304 case 'O':
305 if (strlen(optarg) > 8)
306 errx(1, "%s: bad OEM string", optarg);
307 opt_O = optarg;
308 break;
309 case 'S':
310 opt_S = argto2(optarg, 1, "bytes/sector");
311 break;
312 case 'a':
313 opt_a = argto4(optarg, 1, "sectors/FAT");
314 break;
315 case 'b':
316 opt_b = argtox(optarg, 1, "block size");
317 opt_c = 0;
318 break;
319 case 'c':
320 opt_c = argto1(optarg, 1, "sectors/cluster");
321 opt_b = 0;
322 break;
323 case 'e':
324 opt_e = argto2(optarg, 1, "directory entries");
325 break;
326 case 'f':
327 opt_f = optarg;
328 break;
329 case 'h':
330 opt_h = argto2(optarg, 1, "drive heads");
331 break;
332 case 'i':
333 opt_i = argto2(optarg, 1, "info sector");
334 break;
335 case 'k':
336 opt_k = argto2(optarg, 1, "backup sector");
337 break;
338 case 'm':
339 opt_m = argto1(optarg, 0, "media descriptor");
340 mflag = 1;
341 break;
342 case 'n':
343 opt_n = argto1(optarg, 1, "number of FATs");
344 break;
345 case 'o':
346 opt_o = argto4(optarg, 0, "hidden sectors");
347 oflag = 1;
348 break;
349 case 'r':
350 opt_r = argto2(optarg, 1, "reserved sectors");
351 break;
352 case 's':
353 opt_s = argto4(optarg, 1, "file system size");
354 break;
355 case 'u':
356 opt_u = argto2(optarg, 1, "sectors/track");
357 break;
358 default:
359 usage();
360 }
361 argc -= optind;
362 argv += optind;
363 if (argc < 1 || argc > 2)
364 usage();
365 fname = *argv++;
366 if (!strchr(fname, '/') && !opt_create) {
367 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%sr%s", _PATH_DEV, fname);
368 if (!(fname = strdup(buf)))
369 err(1, NULL);
370 }
371 dtype = *argv;
372 if (opt_create) {
373 off_t pos;
374
375 if (opt_N)
376 errx(1, "create (-C) is incompatible with -N");
377 fd = open(fname, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0644);
378 if (fd == -1)
379 errx(1, "failed to create %s", fname);
380 pos = lseek(fd, opt_create - 1, SEEK_SET);
381 if (write(fd, "\0", 1) != 1)
382 err(1, "failed to set file size");
383 pos = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_SET);
384 } else if ((fd = open(fname, opt_N ? O_RDONLY : O_RDWR)) == -1 ||
385 fstat(fd, &sb))
386 err(1, "%s", fname);
387 if (!opt_N)
388 check_mounted(fname, sb.st_mode);
389 if (!S_ISCHR(sb.st_mode) && !opt_create)
390 warnx("warning, %s is not a character device", fname);
391 if (opt_ofs && opt_ofs != lseek(fd, opt_ofs, SEEK_SET))
392 errx(1, "cannot seek to %jd", (intmax_t)opt_ofs);
393 memset(&bpb, 0, sizeof(bpb));
394 if (opt_f) {
395 getstdfmt(opt_f, &bpb);
396 bpb.bsec = bpb.sec;
397 bpb.sec = 0;
398 bpb.bspf = bpb.spf;
399 bpb.spf = 0;
400 }
401 if (opt_h)
402 bpb.hds = opt_h;
403 if (opt_u)
404 bpb.spt = opt_u;
405 if (opt_S)
406 bpb.bps = opt_S;
407 if (opt_s)
408 bpb.bsec = opt_s;
409 if (oflag)
410 bpb.hid = opt_o;
411 if (!(opt_f || (opt_h && opt_u && opt_S && opt_s && oflag))) {
412 off_t delta;
413 getbpbinfo(fd, fname, dtype, oflag, &bpb, opt_create != 0);
414 bpb.bsec -= (opt_ofs / bpb.bps);
415 delta = bpb.bsec % bpb.spt;
416 if (delta != 0) {
417 warnx("trim %d sectors to adjust to a multiple of %d",
418 (int)delta, bpb.spt);
419 bpb.bsec -= delta;
420 }
421 if (bpb.spc == 0) { /* set defaults */
422 if (bpb.bsec <= 6000) /* about 3MB -> 512 bytes */
423 bpb.spc = 1;
424 else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<17)) /* 64M -> 4k */
425 bpb.spc = 8;
426 else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<19)) /* 256M -> 8k */
427 bpb.spc = 16;
428 else if (bpb.bsec <= (1<<21)) /* 1G -> 16k */
429 bpb.spc = 32;
430 else
431 bpb.spc = 64; /* otherwise 32k */
432 }
433 }
434 if (!powerof2(bpb.bps))
435 errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is not a power of 2", bpb.bps);
436 if (bpb.bps < MINBPS)
437 errx(1, "bytes/sector (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
438 bpb.bps, MINBPS);
439 if (!(fat = opt_F)) {
440 if (opt_f)
441 fat = 12;
442 else if (!opt_e && (opt_i || opt_k))
443 fat = 32;
444 }
445 if ((fat == 32 && opt_e) || (fat != 32 && (opt_i || opt_k)))
446 errx(1, "-%c is not a legal FAT%s option",
447 fat == 32 ? 'e' : opt_i ? 'i' : 'k',
448 fat == 32 ? "32" : "12/16");
449 if (opt_f && fat == 32)
450 bpb.rde = 0;
451 if (opt_b) {
452 if (!powerof2(opt_b))
453 errx(1, "block size (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_b);
454 if (opt_b < bpb.bps)
455 errx(1, "block size (%u) is too small; minimum is %u",
456 opt_b, bpb.bps);
457 if (opt_b > bpb.bps * MAXSPC)
458 errx(1, "block size (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
459 opt_b, bpb.bps * MAXSPC);
460 bpb.spc = opt_b / bpb.bps;
461 }
462 if (opt_c) {
463 if (!powerof2(opt_c))
464 errx(1, "sectors/cluster (%u) is not a power of 2", opt_c);
465 bpb.spc = opt_c;
466 }
467 if (opt_r)
468 bpb.res = opt_r;
469 if (opt_n) {
470 if (opt_n > MAXNFT)
471 errx(1, "number of FATs (%u) is too large; maximum is %u",
472 opt_n, MAXNFT);
473 bpb.nft = opt_n;
474 }
475 if (opt_e)
476 bpb.rde = opt_e;
477 if (mflag) {
478 if (opt_m < 0xf0)
479 errx(1, "illegal media descriptor (%#x)", opt_m);
480 bpb.mid = opt_m;
481 }
482 if (opt_a)
483 bpb.bspf = opt_a;
484 if (opt_i)
485 bpb.infs = opt_i;
486 if (opt_k)
487 bpb.bkbs = opt_k;
488 bss = 1;
489 bname = NULL;
490 fd1 = -1;
491 if (opt_B) {
492 bname = opt_B;
493 if (!strchr(bname, '/')) {
494 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "/boot/%s", bname);
495 if (!(bname = strdup(buf)))
496 err(1, NULL);
497 }
498 if ((fd1 = open(bname, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd1, &sb))
499 err(1, "%s", bname);
500 if (!S_ISREG(sb.st_mode) || sb.st_size % bpb.bps ||
501 sb.st_size < bpb.bps || sb.st_size > bpb.bps * MAXU16)
502 errx(1, "%s: inappropriate file type or format", bname);
503 bss = sb.st_size / bpb.bps;
504 }
505 if (!bpb.nft)
506 bpb.nft = 2;
507 if (!fat) {
508 if (bpb.bsec < (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) +
509 howmany((RESFTE + (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1)) *
510 ((bpb.spc ? 16 : 12) / BPN), bpb.bps * NPB) *
511 bpb.nft +
512 howmany(bpb.rde ? bpb.rde : DEFRDE,
513 bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) +
514 (bpb.spc ? MINCLS16 : MAXCLS12 + 1) *
515 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(DEFBLK, bpb.bps)))
516 fat = 12;
517 else if (bpb.rde || bpb.bsec <
518 (bpb.res ? bpb.res : bss) +
519 howmany((RESFTE + MAXCLS16) * 2, bpb.bps) * bpb.nft +
520 howmany(DEFRDE, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de)) +
521 (MAXCLS16 + 1) *
522 (bpb.spc ? bpb.spc : howmany(8192, bpb.bps)))
523 fat = 16;
524 else
525 fat = 32;
526 }
527 x = bss;
528 if (fat == 32) {
529 if (!bpb.infs) {
530 if (x == MAXU16 || x == bpb.bkbs)
531 errx(1, "no room for info sector");
532 bpb.infs = x;
533 }
534 if (bpb.infs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.infs)
535 x = bpb.infs + 1;
536 if (!bpb.bkbs) {
537 if (x == MAXU16)
538 errx(1, "no room for backup sector");
539 bpb.bkbs = x;
540 } else if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && bpb.bkbs == bpb.infs)
541 errx(1, "backup sector would overwrite info sector");
542 if (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && x <= bpb.bkbs)
543 x = bpb.bkbs + 1;
544 }
545 if (!bpb.res)
546 bpb.res = fat == 32 ? MAX(x, MAX(16384 / bpb.bps, 4)) : x;
547 else if (bpb.res < x)
548 errx(1, "too few reserved sectors (need %d have %d)", x, bpb.res);
549 if (fat != 32 && !bpb.rde)
550 bpb.rde = DEFRDE;
551 rds = howmany(bpb.rde, bpb.bps / sizeof(struct de));
552 if (!bpb.spc)
553 for (bpb.spc = howmany(fat == 16 ? DEFBLK16 : DEFBLK, bpb.bps);
554 bpb.spc < MAXSPC &&
555 bpb.res +
556 howmany((RESFTE + maxcls(fat)) * (fat / BPN),
557 bpb.bps * NPB) * bpb.nft +
558 rds +
559 (u_int64_t)(maxcls(fat) + 1) * bpb.spc <= bpb.bsec;
560 bpb.spc <<= 1);
561 if (fat != 32 && bpb.bspf > MAXU16)
562 errx(1, "too many sectors/FAT for FAT12/16");
563 x1 = bpb.res + rds;
564 x = bpb.bspf ? bpb.bspf : 1;
565 if (x1 + (u_int64_t)x * bpb.nft > bpb.bsec)
566 errx(1, "meta data exceeds file system size");
567 x1 += x * bpb.nft;
568 x = (u_int64_t)(bpb.bsec - x1) * bpb.bps * NPB /
569 (bpb.spc * bpb.bps * NPB + fat / BPN * bpb.nft);
570 x2 = howmany((RESFTE + MIN(x, maxcls(fat))) * (fat / BPN),
571 bpb.bps * NPB);
572 if (!bpb.bspf) {
573 bpb.bspf = x2;
574 x1 += (bpb.bspf - 1) * bpb.nft;
575 }
576 cls = (bpb.bsec - x1) / bpb.spc;
577 x = (u_int64_t)bpb.bspf * bpb.bps * NPB / (fat / BPN) - RESFTE;
578 if (cls > x)
579 cls = x;
580 if (bpb.bspf < x2)
581 warnx("warning: sectors/FAT limits file system to %u clusters",
582 cls);
583 if (cls < mincls(fat))
584 errx(1, "%u clusters too few clusters for FAT%u, need %u", cls, fat,
585 mincls(fat));
586 if (cls > maxcls(fat)) {
587 cls = maxcls(fat);
588 bpb.bsec = x1 + (cls + 1) * bpb.spc - 1;
589 warnx("warning: FAT type limits file system to %u sectors",
590 bpb.bsec);
591 }
592 printf("%s: %u sector%s in %u FAT%u cluster%s "
593 "(%u bytes/cluster)\n", fname, cls * bpb.spc,
594 cls * bpb.spc == 1 ? "" : "s", cls, fat,
595 cls == 1 ? "" : "s", bpb.bps * bpb.spc);
596 if (!bpb.mid)
597 bpb.mid = !bpb.hid ? 0xf0 : 0xf8;
598 if (fat == 32)
599 bpb.rdcl = RESFTE;
600 if (bpb.hid + bpb.bsec <= MAXU16) {
601 bpb.sec = bpb.bsec;
602 bpb.bsec = 0;
603 }
604 if (fat != 32) {
605 bpb.spf = bpb.bspf;
606 bpb.bspf = 0;
607 }
608 ch = 0;
609 if (fat == 12)
610 ch = 1; /* 001 Primary DOS with 12 bit FAT */
611 else if (fat == 16) {
612 if (bpb.bsec == 0)
613 ch = 4; /* 004 Primary DOS with 16 bit FAT <32M */
614 else
615 ch = 6; /* 006 Primary 'big' DOS, 16-bit FAT (> 32MB) */
616 /*
617 * XXX: what about:
618 * 014 DOS (16-bit FAT) - LBA
619 * ?
620 */
621 } else if (fat == 32) {
622 ch = 11; /* 011 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT */
623 /*
624 * XXX: what about:
625 * 012 Primary DOS with 32 bit FAT - LBA
626 * ?
627 */
628 }
629 if (ch != 0)
630 printf("MBR type: %d\n", ch);
631 print_bpb(&bpb);
632 if (!opt_N) {
633 gettimeofday(&tv, NULL);
634 now = tv.tv_sec;
635 tm = localtime(&now);
636 if (!(img = malloc(bpb.bps)))
637 err(1, NULL);
638 dir = bpb.res + (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf) * bpb.nft;
639 signal(SIGINFO, infohandler);
640 for (lsn = 0; lsn < dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds); lsn++) {
641 if (got_siginfo) {
642 fprintf(stderr,"%s: writing sector %u of %u (%u%%)\n",
643 fname,lsn,(dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds)),
644 (lsn*100)/(dir + (fat == 32 ? bpb.spc : rds)));
645 got_siginfo = 0;
646 }
647 x = lsn;
648 if (opt_B &&
649 fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 &&
650 bss <= bpb.bkbs && x >= bpb.bkbs) {
651 x -= bpb.bkbs;
652 if (!x && lseek(fd1, opt_ofs, SEEK_SET))
653 err(1, "%s", bname);
654 }
655 if (opt_B && x < bss) {
656 if ((n = read(fd1, img, bpb.bps)) == -1)
657 err(1, "%s", bname);
658 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps)
659 errx(1, "%s: can't read sector %u", bname, x);
660 } else
661 memset(img, 0, bpb.bps);
662 if (!lsn ||
663 (fat == 32 && bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 && lsn == bpb.bkbs)) {
664 x1 = sizeof(struct bs);
665 bsbpb = (struct bsbpb *)(img + x1);
666 mk2(bsbpb->bps, bpb.bps);
667 mk1(bsbpb->spc, bpb.spc);
668 mk2(bsbpb->res, bpb.res);
669 mk1(bsbpb->nft, bpb.nft);
670 mk2(bsbpb->rde, bpb.rde);
671 mk2(bsbpb->sec, bpb.sec);
672 mk1(bsbpb->mid, bpb.mid);
673 mk2(bsbpb->spf, bpb.spf);
674 mk2(bsbpb->spt, bpb.spt);
675 mk2(bsbpb->hds, bpb.hds);
676 mk4(bsbpb->hid, bpb.hid);
677 mk4(bsbpb->bsec, bpb.bsec);
678 x1 += sizeof(struct bsbpb);
679 if (fat == 32) {
680 bsxbpb = (struct bsxbpb *)(img + x1);
681 mk4(bsxbpb->bspf, bpb.bspf);
682 mk2(bsxbpb->xflg, 0);
683 mk2(bsxbpb->vers, 0);
684 mk4(bsxbpb->rdcl, bpb.rdcl);
685 mk2(bsxbpb->infs, bpb.infs);
686 mk2(bsxbpb->bkbs, bpb.bkbs);
687 x1 += sizeof(struct bsxbpb);
688 }
689 bsx = (struct bsx *)(img + x1);
690 mk1(bsx->sig, 0x29);
691 if (Iflag)
692 x = opt_I;
693 else
694 x = (((u_int)(1 + tm->tm_mon) << 8 |
695 (u_int)tm->tm_mday) +
696 ((u_int)tm->tm_sec << 8 |
697 (u_int)(tv.tv_usec / 10))) << 16 |
698 ((u_int)(1900 + tm->tm_year) +
699 ((u_int)tm->tm_hour << 8 |
700 (u_int)tm->tm_min));
701 mk4(bsx->volid, x);
702 mklabel(bsx->label, opt_L ? opt_L : "NO_NAME");
703 snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "FAT%u", fat);
704 setstr(bsx->type, buf, sizeof(bsx->type));
705 if (!opt_B) {
706 x1 += sizeof(struct bsx);
707 bs = (struct bs *)img;
708 mk1(bs->jmp[0], 0xeb);
709 mk1(bs->jmp[1], x1 - 2);
710 mk1(bs->jmp[2], 0x90);
711 setstr(bs->oem, opt_O ? opt_O : "NetBSD",
712 sizeof(bs->oem));
713 memcpy(img + x1, bootcode, sizeof(bootcode));
714 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
715 }
716 } else if (fat == 32 && bpb.infs != MAXU16 &&
717 (lsn == bpb.infs ||
718 (bpb.bkbs != MAXU16 &&
719 lsn == bpb.bkbs + bpb.infs))) {
720 mk4(img, 0x41615252);
721 mk4(img + MINBPS - 28, 0x61417272);
722 mk4(img + MINBPS - 24, 0xffffffff);
723 mk4(img + MINBPS - 20, bpb.rdcl);
724 mk2(img + MINBPS - 2, DOSMAGIC);
725 } else if (lsn >= bpb.res && lsn < dir &&
726 !((lsn - bpb.res) %
727 (bpb.spf ? bpb.spf : bpb.bspf))) {
728 mk1(img[0], bpb.mid);
729 for (x = 1; x < fat * (fat == 32 ? 3 : 2) / 8; x++)
730 mk1(img[x], fat == 32 && x % 4 == 3 ? 0x0f : 0xff);
731 } else if (lsn == dir && opt_L) {
732 de = (struct de *)img;
733 mklabel(de->namext, opt_L);
734 mk1(de->attr, 050);
735 x = (u_int)tm->tm_hour << 11 |
736 (u_int)tm->tm_min << 5 |
737 (u_int)tm->tm_sec >> 1;
738 mk2(de->time, x);
739 x = (u_int)(tm->tm_year - 80) << 9 |
740 (u_int)(tm->tm_mon + 1) << 5 |
741 (u_int)tm->tm_mday;
742 mk2(de->date, x);
743 }
744 if ((n = write(fd, img, bpb.bps)) == -1)
745 err(1, "%s", fname);
746 if ((size_t)n != bpb.bps)
747 errx(1, "%s: can't write sector %u", fname, lsn);
748 }
749 }
750 return 0;
751 }
752
753 /*
754 * Exit with error if file system is mounted.
755 */
756 static void
757 check_mounted(const char *fname, mode_t mode)
758 {
759 struct statvfs *mp;
760 const char *s1, *s2;
761 size_t len;
762 int n, r;
763
764 if (!(n = getmntinfo(&mp, MNT_NOWAIT)))
765 err(1, "getmntinfo");
766 len = strlen(_PATH_DEV);
767 s1 = fname;
768 if (!strncmp(s1, _PATH_DEV, len))
769 s1 += len;
770 r = S_ISCHR(mode) && s1 != fname && *s1 == 'r';
771 for (; n--; mp++) {
772 s2 = mp->f_mntfromname;
773 if (!strncmp(s2, _PATH_DEV, len))
774 s2 += len;
775 if ((r && s2 != mp->f_mntfromname && !strcmp(s1 + 1, s2)) ||
776 !strcmp(s1, s2))
777 errx(1, "%s is mounted on %s", fname, mp->f_mntonname);
778 }
779 }
780
781 /*
782 * Get a standard format.
783 */
784 static void
785 getstdfmt(const char *fmt, struct bpb *bpb)
786 {
787 u_int x, i;
788
789 x = sizeof(stdfmt) / sizeof(stdfmt[0]);
790 for (i = 0; i < x && strcmp(fmt, stdfmt[i].name); i++);
791 if (i == x)
792 errx(1, "%s: unknown standard format", fmt);
793 *bpb = stdfmt[i].bpb;
794 }
795
796 /*
797 * Get disk slice, partition, and geometry information.
798 */
799 static void
800 getbpbinfo(int fd, const char *fname, const char *dtype, int oflag,
801 struct bpb *bpb, int create)
802 {
803 struct disk_geom geo;
804 struct dkwedge_info dkw;
805 const char *s1, *s2;
806 int part;
807 int maxpartitions;
808
809 part = -1;
810 s1 = fname;
811 if ((s2 = strrchr(s1, '/')))
812 s1 = s2 + 1;
813 for (s2 = s1; *s2 && !isdigit((unsigned char)*s2); s2++);
814 if (!*s2 || s2 == s1)
815 s2 = NULL;
816 else
817 while (isdigit((unsigned char)*++s2));
818 s1 = s2;
819
820 maxpartitions = getmaxpartitions();
821
822 if (s2 && *s2 >= 'a' && *s2 <= 'a' + maxpartitions - 1) {
823 part = *s2++ - 'a';
824 }
825 if (((part != -1) && ((!oflag && part != -1) || !bpb->bsec)) ||
826 !bpb->bps || !bpb->spt || !bpb->hds) {
827 if (create || getdiskinfo(fname, fd, NULL, &geo, &dkw) == -1) {
828 struct stat st;
829
830 if (fstat(fd, &st) == -1)
831 errx(1, "Can't get disk size for `%s'", fname);
832 /* create a fake geometry for a file image */
833 geo.dg_secsize = 512;
834 geo.dg_nsectors = 63;
835 geo.dg_ntracks = 255;
836 dkw.dkw_size = st.st_size / geo.dg_secsize;
837 }
838 if (!bpb->bps)
839 bpb->bps = ckgeom(fname, geo.dg_secsize, "bytes/sector");
840
841 if (geo.dg_nsectors > 63) {
842 /*
843 * The kernel doesn't accept BPB with spt > 63.
844 * (see sys/fs/msdosfs/msdosfs_vfsops.c:msdosfs_mountfs())
845 * If values taken from disklabel don't match these
846 * restrictions, use popular BIOS default values instead.
847 */
848 geo.dg_nsectors = 63;
849 }
850 if (!bpb->spt)
851 bpb->spt = ckgeom(fname, geo.dg_nsectors, "sectors/track");
852 if (!bpb->hds)
853 bpb->hds = ckgeom(fname, geo.dg_ntracks, "drive heads");
854 if (!bpb->bsec)
855 bpb->bsec = dkw.dkw_size;
856 }
857 }
858
859 /*
860 * Print out BPB values.
861 */
862 static void
863 print_bpb(struct bpb *bpb)
864 {
865 printf("bps=%u spc=%u res=%u nft=%u", bpb->bps, bpb->spc, bpb->res,
866 bpb->nft);
867 if (bpb->rde)
868 printf(" rde=%u", bpb->rde);
869 if (bpb->sec)
870 printf(" sec=%u", bpb->sec);
871 printf(" mid=%#x", bpb->mid);
872 if (bpb->spf)
873 printf(" spf=%u", bpb->spf);
874 printf(" spt=%u hds=%u hid=%u", bpb->spt, bpb->hds, bpb->hid);
875 if (bpb->bsec)
876 printf(" bsec=%u", bpb->bsec);
877 if (!bpb->spf) {
878 printf(" bspf=%u rdcl=%u", bpb->bspf, bpb->rdcl);
879 printf(" infs=");
880 printf(bpb->infs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->infs);
881 printf(" bkbs=");
882 printf(bpb->bkbs == MAXU16 ? "%#x" : "%u", bpb->bkbs);
883 }
884 printf("\n");
885 }
886
887 /*
888 * Check a disk geometry value.
889 */
890 static u_int
891 ckgeom(const char *fname, u_int val, const char *msg)
892 {
893 if (!val)
894 errx(1, "%s: no default %s", fname, msg);
895 if (val > MAXU16)
896 errx(1, "%s: illegal %s", fname, msg);
897 return val;
898 }
899
900 /*
901 * Convert and check a numeric option argument.
902 */
903 static u_int
904 argtou(const char *arg, u_int lo, u_int hi, const char *msg)
905 {
906 char *s;
907 u_long x;
908
909 errno = 0;
910 x = strtoul(arg, &s, 0);
911 if (errno || !*arg || *s || x < lo || x > hi)
912 errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
913 return x;
914 }
915
916 /*
917 * Same for off_t, with optional skmgpP suffix
918 */
919 static off_t
920 argtooff(const char *arg, const char *msg)
921 {
922 char *s;
923 off_t x;
924
925 x = strtoll(arg, &s, 0);
926 /* allow at most one extra char */
927 if (errno || x < 0 || (s[0] && s[1]) )
928 errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
929 if (*s) { /* the extra char is the multiplier */
930 switch (*s) {
931 default:
932 errx(1, "%s: bad %s", arg, msg);
933 /* notreached */
934
935 case 's': /* sector */
936 case 'S':
937 x <<= 9; /* times 512 */
938 break;
939
940 case 'k': /* kilobyte */
941 case 'K':
942 x <<= 10; /* times 1024 */
943 break;
944
945 case 'm': /* megabyte */
946 case 'M':
947 x <<= 20; /* times 1024*1024 */
948 break;
949
950 case 'g': /* gigabyte */
951 case 'G':
952 x <<= 30; /* times 1024*1024*1024 */
953 break;
954
955 case 'p': /* partition start */
956 case 'P': /* partition start */
957 case 'l': /* partition length */
958 case 'L': /* partition length */
959 errx(1, "%s: not supported yet %s", arg, msg);
960 /* notreached */
961 }
962 }
963 return x;
964 }
965
966 /*
967 * Check a volume label.
968 */
969 static int
970 oklabel(const char *src)
971 {
972 int c, i;
973
974 for (i = 0; i <= 11; i++) {
975 c = (u_char)*src++;
976 if (c < ' ' + !i || strchr("\"*+,./:;<=>?[\\]|", c))
977 break;
978 }
979 return i && !c;
980 }
981
982 /*
983 * Make a volume label.
984 */
985 static void
986 mklabel(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src)
987 {
988 int c, i;
989
990 for (i = 0; i < 11; i++) {
991 c = *src ? toupper((unsigned char)*src++) : ' ';
992 *dest++ = !i && c == '\xe5' ? 5 : c;
993 }
994 }
995
996 /*
997 * Copy string, padding with spaces.
998 */
999 static void
1000 setstr(u_int8_t *dest, const char *src, size_t len)
1001 {
1002 while (len--)
1003 *dest++ = *src ? *src++ : ' ';
1004 }
1005
1006 /*
1007 * Print usage message.
1008 */
1009 static void
1010 usage(void)
1011 {
1012 fprintf(stderr,
1013 "usage: %s [ -options ] special [disktype]\n", getprogname());
1014 fprintf(stderr, "where the options are:\n");
1015 fprintf(stderr, "\t-N don't create file system: "
1016 "just print out parameters\n");
1017 fprintf(stderr, "\t-B get bootstrap from file\n");
1018 fprintf(stderr, "\t-F FAT type (12, 16, or 32)\n");
1019 fprintf(stderr, "\t-I volume ID\n");
1020 fprintf(stderr, "\t-L volume label\n");
1021 fprintf(stderr, "\t-O OEM string\n");
1022 fprintf(stderr, "\t-S bytes/sector\n");
1023 fprintf(stderr, "\t-a sectors/FAT\n");
1024 fprintf(stderr, "\t-b block size\n");
1025 fprintf(stderr, "\t-c sectors/cluster\n");
1026 fprintf(stderr, "\t-e root directory entries\n");
1027 fprintf(stderr, "\t-f standard format\n");
1028 fprintf(stderr, "\t-h drive heads\n");
1029 fprintf(stderr, "\t-i file system info sector\n");
1030 fprintf(stderr, "\t-k backup boot sector\n");
1031 fprintf(stderr, "\t-m media descriptor\n");
1032 fprintf(stderr, "\t-n number of FATs\n");
1033 fprintf(stderr, "\t-o hidden sectors\n");
1034 fprintf(stderr, "\t-r reserved sectors\n");
1035 fprintf(stderr, "\t-s file system size (sectors)\n");
1036 fprintf(stderr, "\t-u sectors/track\n");
1037 exit(1);
1038 }
1039
1040 void
1041 infohandler(int sig)
1042 {
1043 got_siginfo = 1;
1044 }
NetBSD on the FriendlyARM MINI2440