1 1. Disclaimer: This text is not an authoritative statement. If
2 you are concerned about the implications of US patent 6,321,267,
3 then you should give this text to your own lawyer and get their
6 1.1 Postfix is an MTA that aims to be an alternative to the widely
7 used Sendmail MTA. Postfix is available as open source code
8 from http://www.postfix.org/. One of the features implemented
9 by Postfix is called "sender address verification".
11 1.2 US patent 6,321,267 (reference 4.1) describes a number of means
12 to stop junk email. One of the elements described in this
13 patent is called "active user testing".
15 1.3 Postfix "sender address verification" and US patent 6,321,267
16 "active user testing" are implemented by connecting to an MTA
17 that is responsible for the sender address. Specifically, both
18 use the SMTP RCPT command, and both infer the validity of the
19 address from the MTA's response. Reference 4.3 defines SMTP.
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23 2. It is my understanding that the Postfix MTA's "sender address
24 verification" does not infringe on US patent 6,321,267 for the
27 2.1 There is prior art for US patent 6,321,267 "active user testing"
28 within the context of the Sendmail MTA. See item (3.1) below.
30 2.2 US patent 6,321,267 covers "active user testing" only in
31 combination with functions that the Postfix MTA does not
32 implement. See items (3.2) through (3.5) below.
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36 3. Discussion of specific details of US patent 6,321,267, and their
37 relevance with respect to the Postfix MTA.
39 3.1 Prior art. The "active user testing" method is described in
40 the paper "Selectively Rejecting SPAM Using Sendmail" by Robert
41 Harker (reference 4.2). The paper is cited as the first
42 reference in US patent 6,321,267, and was presented in October
43 1997. The patent was filed more than two years later, in November
48 A desirable criterion for rejecting mail is to filter on
49 bogus user address. However, testing for a bad user address
50 is much harder because, short of sending a message to that
51 user address, there is no reliable way to check the validity
52 of the address. A simplistic test for a bad user address
53 might be to connect to the sender's SMTP server and use
54 either the SMTP VRFY or RCPT command to check the address.
55 If the server does local delivery of the message then this
58 The prior art is about stopping junk mail with the Sendmail
59 MTA. It is my understanding that this prior art is equally
60 applicable to other MTAs, including the Postfix MTA (see items
63 3.2 Combination of elements not implemented by the Postfix MTA.
64 Claim 1 of US patent 6,321,267 involves a combination of A)
65 determining whether the sending system is a dialup host, B)
66 determining whether the sending system is an open mail relay,
67 and C) active user testing.
69 Postfix does not implement elements A) and B) of claim 1.
70 Therefore, it is my understanding that the Postfix MTA does
71 not infringe on US patent 6,321,267 claim 1.
73 3.3 Combination of elements not implemented by the Postfix MTA.
74 Claim 52 of US patent 6,321,267 involves the combination of A)
75 a proxy filter and B) active user testing.
77 Postfix is an MTA, not a proxy, and does not implement element
78 A) of claim 52. Therefore, it is my understanding that the
79 Postfix MTA does not infringe on US patent 6,321,267 claim 52.
81 US patent 6,321,267 makes a clear distinction between proxies
84 Figure 13 in US patent 6,321,267 shows how a proxy interacts
85 with a sending system and a local MTA. In the case of (sending
86 system, proxy, local MTA), the proxy assumes no responsibility
87 for delivery of the email message. The responsibility remains
88 with the sending system or passes directly to the local MTA.
90 Figure 4 in US patent 6,321,267 shows how a sending system
91 interacts with an intermediate MTA. In the case of (sending
92 system, intermediate MTA, local MTA), the intermediate MTA
93 assumes full responsibility for delivery of the email message.
95 Figure 2 in US patent 6,321,267 shows how a sending system
96 interacts with a local MTA. In the case of (sending system,
97 local MTA), the local MTA assumes full responsibility for
98 delivery of the email message.
100 3.4 The other independent claims in US patent 6,321,267 involve
101 elements that the Postfix MTA does not implement, and do not
102 involve sender address verification. Therefore, it is my
103 understanding that the Postfix MTA does not infringe on these
104 claims in US patent 6,321,267.
106 3.5 All dependent claims in US patent 6,321,267 depend on claims
107 that involve elements that the Postfix MTA does not implement.
108 Therefore, it is my understanding that the Postfix MTA does
109 not infringe on these claims in US patent 6,321,267.
113 4.1 Albert L. Donaldson, "Method and apparatus for filtering junk
114 email", US patent 6,321,267. Filing date: November 23, 1999.
115 http://www.uspto.gov/
117 4.2 Robert Harker, "Selectively Rejecting SPAM Using Sendmail",
118 Proceedings of the Eleventh Systems Administration Conference
119 (LISA '97), San Diego, California, Oct. 1997, pp. 205-220.
120 http://www.usenix.org/publications/library/proceedings/lisa97/
121 full_papers/22.harker/22.pdf
123 4.3 Jonathan B. Postel, "Simple Mail Transfer Protocol", August
124 1982. http://www.ietf.org/rfc.html