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1 # <pre>
2 # @(#)northamerica 8.28
3 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
6 # also includes Central America and the Caribbean
8 # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
9 # go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
10 # tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
12 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
13 # A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
14 # Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
16 ###############################################################################
18 # United States
20 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
21 # Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
22 # Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
23 # Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
24 # His pamphlet ``A System of National Time for Railroads'' (1870)
25 # was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
26 # in New York City (1869-10). His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
27 # but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
28 # His proposal was adopted by the railroads on 1883-11-18 at 12:00,
29 # and the most of the country soon followed suit.
31 # From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
32 # That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
33 # See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
35 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
36 # A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
37 # Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
38 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
39 # Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
40 # It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
42 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
43 # Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
44 # in his whimsical essay ``An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
45 # of Light'' published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
46 # Not everyone is happy with the results:
47 #
48 # I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
49 # agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
50 # daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
51 # I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
52 # valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen. As an admirer
53 # of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
54 # reduce my time for enjoying it. At the back of the Daylight Saving
55 # scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
56 # to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
57 # them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
58 #
59 # -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
60 # Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
61 #
62 # For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
63 # Robert Garland's <a href="http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html">
64 # Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
65 # (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927)</a>.
66 #
67 # Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
68 # However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
69 # was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
70 # time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
72 # From Arthur David Olson:
73 # US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
74 # See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
75 # and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
77 # From Arthur David Olson:
78 # Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
79 # Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
81 # From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
82 # Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
83 # In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
84 # An AltaVista search turned up
85 # <a href="http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html">:
86 # "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
87 # Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.' Peace is wonderful."
88 # </a> (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
90 # From Joseph Gallant citing
91 # George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
92 # At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
93 # to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
94 # never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
95 # CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
96 # but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
97 # of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
98 # London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
100 # From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout. From
101 # Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
102 #
103 # ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
104 # Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
105 # wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
106 # Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
107 # typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
108 # importance."
109 #
110 # On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
111 # microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
112 # before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
113 # The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
114 #
115 # He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
117 # From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
118 # Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
119 # that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
120 # U.S. government action. So even though the "US" rules have changed
121 # in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
123 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
124 Rule US 1918 1919 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
125 Rule US 1918 1919 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
126 Rule US 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
127 Rule US 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
128 Rule US 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
129 Rule US 1967 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
130 Rule US 1967 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
131 Rule US 1974 only - Jan 6 2:00 1:00 D
132 Rule US 1975 only - Feb 23 2:00 1:00 D
133 Rule US 1976 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
134 Rule US 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
135 Rule US 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
136 Rule US 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
138 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
139 # We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
140 # obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
141 # We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
142 # this time zone package.
143 # We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
144 # a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
145 # We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
146 # increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
147 # avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
149 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
150 Zone EST -5:00 - EST
151 Zone MST -7:00 - MST
152 Zone HST -10:00 - HST
153 Zone EST5EDT -5:00 US E%sT
154 Zone CST6CDT -6:00 US C%sT
155 Zone MST7MDT -7:00 US M%sT
156 Zone PST8PDT -8:00 US P%sT
158 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
159 # ...Alaska (and Hawaii) had the timezone names changed in 1967.
160 # old new
161 # Pacific Standard Time(PST) -same-
162 # Yukon Standard Time(YST) -same-
163 # Central Alaska S.T. (CAT) Alaska-Hawaii St[an]dard Time (AHST)
164 # Nome Standard Time (NT) Bering Standard Time (BST)
165 #
166 # ...Alaska's timezone lines were redrawn in 1983 to give only 2 tz.
167 # The YST zone now covers nearly all of the state, AHST just part
168 # of the Aleutian islands. No DST.
170 # From Paul Eggert (1995-12-19):
171 # The tables below use `NST', not `NT', for Nome Standard Time.
172 # I invented `CAWT' for Central Alaska War Time.
174 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
175 # USA EASTERN 5 H BEHIND UTC NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
176 # USA EASTERN 4 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
177 # USA CENTRAL 6 H BEHIND UTC CHICAGO, HOUSTON
178 # USA CENTRAL 5 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
179 # USA MOUNTAIN 7 H BEHIND UTC DENVER
180 # USA MOUNTAIN 6 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
181 # USA PACIFIC 8 H BEHIND UTC L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
182 # USA PACIFIC 7 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
183 # USA ALASKA STD 9 H BEHIND UTC MOST OF ALASKA (AKST)
184 # USA ALASKA STD 8 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
185 # USA ALEUTIAN 10 H BEHIND UTC ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
186 # USA - " - 9 H BEHIND UTC APR 3 - OCT 30
187 # USA HAWAII 10 H BEHIND UTC
188 # USA BERING 11 H BEHIND UTC SAMOA, MIDWAY
190 # From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
191 # The above dates are for 1988.
192 # Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
193 # no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
194 # Aleutians.
196 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
197 # Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
198 # Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward. First, names
199 # up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
200 # took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
201 # (none)
202 # United States standard eastern time
203 # United States standard mountain time
204 # United States standard central time
205 # United States standard Pacific time
206 # (none)
207 # United States standard Alaska time
208 # (none)
209 # Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
210 # public law 98-181):
211 # Atlantic standard time
212 # eastern standard time
213 # central standard time
214 # mountain standard time
215 # Pacific standard time
216 # Yukon standard time
217 # Alaska-Hawaii standard time
218 # Bering standard time
219 # And after 1983-11-30:
220 # Atlantic standard time
221 # eastern standard time
222 # central standard time
223 # mountain standard time
224 # Pacific standard time
225 # Alaska standard time
226 # Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
227 # Samoa standard time
228 # The law doesn't give abbreviations.
229 #
230 # From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
231 # Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced the abbreviation
232 # "Chamorro Standard Time" for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.
233 # See the file "australasia".
235 # From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
236 # The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
237 #
238 # H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
239 # (a) Amendment- Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
240 # U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
241 # (1) by striking `first Sunday of April' and inserting `second
242 # Sunday of March'; and
243 # (2) by striking `last Sunday of October' and inserting `first
244 # Sunday of November'.
245 # (b) Effective Date- Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
246 # date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
247 # (c) Report to Congress- Not later than 9 months after the effective
248 # date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
249 # on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
250 # States.
251 # (d) Right to Revert- Congress retains the right to revert the
252 # Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
253 # Department study is complete.
255 # US eastern time, represented by New York
257 # Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
258 # Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
259 # (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
260 # New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
261 # Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
262 # Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
264 # From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
265 # Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
266 # Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
267 # One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
268 # and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
269 # reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
271 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
272 # According to today's Huntsville Times
273 # <http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1>
274 # a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
275 # in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
276 # set their watches and clocks on Eastern time." It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
277 # Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
278 # time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
279 # in Columbus."
281 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
282 Rule NYC 1920 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
283 Rule NYC 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
284 Rule NYC 1921 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
285 Rule NYC 1921 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
286 Rule NYC 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
287 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
288 Zone America/New_York -4:56:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
289 -5:00 US E%sT 1920
290 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1942
291 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
292 -5:00 NYC E%sT 1967
293 -5:00 US E%sT
295 # US central time, represented by Chicago
297 # Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
298 # Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
299 # Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
300 # (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
301 # Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
302 # Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
303 # Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
304 # western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
306 # From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
307 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/statutes/Stat0175.pdf ...
308 # is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change. Because the local
309 # "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
310 # are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
311 # hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
312 #
313 # From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
314 # Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
315 # Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
316 # http://www.legis.state.wi.us/2007/data/acts/07Act3.pdf
318 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
319 Rule Chicago 1920 only - Jun 13 2:00 1:00 D
320 Rule Chicago 1920 1921 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
321 Rule Chicago 1921 only - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
322 Rule Chicago 1922 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
323 Rule Chicago 1922 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
324 Rule Chicago 1955 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
325 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
326 Zone America/Chicago -5:50:36 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
327 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
328 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1936 Mar 1 2:00
329 -5:00 - EST 1936 Nov 15 2:00
330 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1942
331 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
332 -6:00 Chicago C%sT 1967
333 -6:00 US C%sT
334 # Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
335 Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
336 -7:00 US M%sT 1992 Oct 25 02:00
337 -6:00 US C%sT
338 # Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
339 # 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
340 # See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
341 # Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
342 # Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
343 # but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
344 # See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
345 Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
346 -7:00 US M%sT 2003 Oct 26 02:00
347 -6:00 US C%sT
349 # US mountain time, represented by Denver
350 #
351 # Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
352 # Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
353 # New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
354 # western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
355 # and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
356 #
357 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
358 Rule Denver 1920 1921 - Mar lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
359 Rule Denver 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
360 Rule Denver 1921 only - May 22 2:00 0 S
361 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
362 Rule Denver 1965 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
363 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
364 Zone America/Denver -6:59:56 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
365 -7:00 US M%sT 1920
366 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1942
367 -7:00 US M%sT 1946
368 -7:00 Denver M%sT 1967
369 -7:00 US M%sT
371 # US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
372 #
373 # California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
374 # Idaho, Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties,
375 # and the northern three-quarters of Idaho county),
376 # most of Nevada, most of Oregon, and Washington
377 #
378 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
379 Rule CA 1948 only - Mar 14 2:00 1:00 D
380 Rule CA 1949 only - Jan 1 2:00 0 S
381 Rule CA 1950 1966 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
382 Rule CA 1950 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
383 Rule CA 1962 1966 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
384 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
385 Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
386 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
387 -8:00 CA P%sT 1967
388 -8:00 US P%sT
390 # Alaska
391 # AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -9:00 per USNO.
392 #
393 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-30):
394 # Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
395 # and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
396 # This was on 1867-10-18, a Friday; the previous day was 1867-10-06 Julian,
397 # also a Friday. Include only the time zone part of this transition,
398 # ignoring the switch from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent
399 # the Julian calendar.
400 #
401 # As far as we know, none of the exact locations mentioned below were
402 # permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
403 # (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement
404 # was destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.) However, there
405 # were nearby inhabitants in some cases and for our purposes perhaps
406 # it's best to simply use the official transition.
407 #
408 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
409 Zone America/Juneau 15:02:19 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
410 -8:57:41 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
411 -8:00 - PST 1942
412 -8:00 US P%sT 1946
413 -8:00 - PST 1969
414 -8:00 US P%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
415 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
416 -9:00 US AK%sT
417 Zone America/Yakutat 14:41:05 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
418 -9:18:55 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
419 -9:00 - YST 1942
420 -9:00 US Y%sT 1946
421 -9:00 - YST 1969
422 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
423 -9:00 US AK%sT
424 Zone America/Anchorage 14:00:24 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
425 -9:59:36 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
426 -10:00 - CAT 1942
427 -10:00 US CAT/CAWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
428 -10:00 US CAT/CAPT 1946 # Peace
429 -10:00 - CAT 1967 Apr
430 -10:00 - AHST 1969
431 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
432 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
433 -9:00 US AK%sT
434 Zone America/Nome 12:58:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
435 -11:01:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
436 -11:00 - NST 1942
437 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
438 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
439 -11:00 - BST 1969
440 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
441 -9:00 US Y%sT 1983 Nov 30
442 -9:00 US AK%sT
443 Zone America/Adak 12:13:21 - LMT 1867 Oct 18
444 -11:46:38 - LMT 1900 Aug 20 12:00
445 -11:00 - NST 1942
446 -11:00 US N%sT 1946
447 -11:00 - NST 1967 Apr
448 -11:00 - BST 1969
449 -11:00 US B%sT 1983 Oct 30 2:00
450 -10:00 US AH%sT 1983 Nov 30
451 -10:00 US HA%sT
452 # The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
453 #
454 # Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
455 # switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
456 # and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
457 #
458 # From David Flater (2004-11-09):
459 # In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
460 # Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
461 # suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
462 # possibly until 1983:
463 #
464 # Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
465 # "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
466 # location not on Alaska Standard Time. The following resolution was
467 # made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
468 # resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
469 # Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
470 # January 14, Alaska Standard Time.) This resolution was passed with
471 # three votes for and one against."
473 # Hawaii
474 #
475 # From Arthur David Olson:
476 # And then there's Hawaii.
477 # DST was observed for one day in 1933;
478 # standard time was changed by half an hour in 1947;
479 # it's always standard as of 1986.
480 #
481 # From Paul Eggert:
482 # Shanks says the 1933 experiment lasted for three weeks. Go with Shanks.
483 #
484 Zone Pacific/Honolulu -10:31:26 - LMT 1900 Jan 1 12:00
485 -10:30 - HST 1933 Apr 30 2:00
486 -10:30 1:00 HDT 1933 May 21 2:00
487 -10:30 US H%sT 1947 Jun 8 2:00
488 -10:00 - HST
490 # Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
492 # Arizona mostly uses MST.
494 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
495 #
496 # The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
497 # <a href="http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm">
498 # Daylight Saving Time web page (2002-01-23)</a> maintained by the
499 # Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
500 # Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
501 # time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
502 # personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
503 # observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time. The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
504 # Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
505 # the date the state's clocks would change. In 1945 the State of
506 # Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
507 # mandated by federal law. Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
508 # Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
509 #
510 # Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
511 # Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
513 Zone America/Phoenix -7:28:18 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
514 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Jan 1 00:01
515 -7:00 - MST 1944 Apr 1 00:01
516 -7:00 US M%sT 1944 Oct 1 00:01
517 -7:00 - MST 1967
518 -7:00 US M%sT 1968 Mar 21
519 -7:00 - MST
520 # From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
521 # A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
522 # notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
523 # Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
524 # large size and location in three states." (The "only" means that other
525 # tribal nations don't use DST.)
527 Link America/Denver America/Shiprock
529 # Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
530 # Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
531 # Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
532 # Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
533 # Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
534 # quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
535 # switched four weeks late in 1974.
536 #
537 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
538 Zone America/Boise -7:44:49 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
539 -8:00 US P%sT 1923 May 13 2:00
540 -7:00 US M%sT 1974
541 -7:00 - MST 1974 Feb 3 2:00
542 -7:00 US M%sT
544 # Indiana
545 #
546 # For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
547 # <a href="http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html">
548 # What time is it in Indiana?
549 # </a> (2006-03-01)
550 #
551 # From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
552 # Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
553 # with the following exceptions:
554 #
555 # - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
556 # Vandenburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
557 #
558 # - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
559 #
560 # - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
561 # America/Kentucky/Louisville.
562 #
563 # - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
564 # and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
565 #
566 # Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
567 # and wrote ``Even newspaper reports present contradictory information.''
568 # Those Hoosiers! Such a flighty and changeable people!
569 # Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
570 #
571 # Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
572 # that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the `America' level.
573 # So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory `America/Indiana'.
575 # From Paul Eggert (2005-08-16):
576 # http://www.mccsc.edu/time.html says that Indiana will use DST starting 2006.
578 # From Nathan Stratton Treadway (2006-03-30):
579 # http://www.dot.gov/affairs/dot0406.htm [3705 B]
580 # From Deborah Goldsmith (2006-01-18):
581 # http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/pdf95/382329_web.pdf [2.9 MB]
582 # From Paul Eggert (2006-01-20):
583 # It says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
584 # Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
585 # Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
586 # this rule is 2:OO a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
587 # changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
588 # Strictly speaking, this means the affected counties will change their
589 # clocks twice that night, but this obviously is in error. The intent
590 # is that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
592 # From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
593 # The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
594 # going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
595 # http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
597 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
598 Rule Indianapolis 1941 only - Jun 22 2:00 1:00 D
599 Rule Indianapolis 1941 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
600 Rule Indianapolis 1946 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
601 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
602 Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
603 -6:00 US C%sT 1920
604 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1942
605 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
606 -6:00 Indianapolis C%sT 1955 Apr 24 2:00
607 -5:00 - EST 1957 Sep 29 2:00
608 -6:00 - CST 1958 Apr 27 2:00
609 -5:00 - EST 1969
610 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
611 -5:00 - EST 2006
612 -5:00 US E%sT
613 #
614 # Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
615 # as well as from 1976 through 2005.
616 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
617 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
618 Rule Marengo 1951 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
619 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
620 Rule Marengo 1954 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
621 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
622 Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
623 -6:00 US C%sT 1951
624 -6:00 Marengo C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
625 -5:00 - EST 1969
626 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
627 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
628 -5:00 US E%sT 1976
629 -5:00 - EST 2006
630 -5:00 US E%sT
631 #
632 # Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
633 # switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
634 # in November 2007.
635 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
636 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
637 Rule Vincennes 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
638 Rule Vincennes 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
639 Rule Vincennes 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
640 Rule Vincennes 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
641 Rule Vincennes 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
642 Rule Vincennes 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
643 Rule Vincennes 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
644 Rule Vincennes 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
645 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
646 Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
647 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
648 -6:00 Vincennes C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
649 -5:00 - EST 1969
650 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
651 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
652 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
653 -5:00 US E%sT
654 #
655 # Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
656 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
657 Rule Perry 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
658 Rule Perry 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
659 Rule Perry 1953 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
660 Rule Perry 1953 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
661 Rule Perry 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
662 Rule Perry 1956 1963 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
663 Rule Perry 1960 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
664 Rule Perry 1961 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
665 Rule Perry 1962 1963 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
666 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
667 Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
668 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
669 -6:00 Perry C%sT 1964 Apr 26 2:00
670 -5:00 - EST 1969
671 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
672 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
673 -6:00 US C%sT
674 #
675 # Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
676 # then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
677 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
678 Rule Pike 1955 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
679 Rule Pike 1955 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
680 Rule Pike 1956 1964 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
681 Rule Pike 1961 1964 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
682 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
683 Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
684 -6:00 US C%sT 1955
685 -6:00 Pike C%sT 1965 Apr 25 2:00
686 -5:00 - EST 1966 Oct 30 2:00
687 -6:00 US C%sT 1977 Oct 30 2:00
688 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
689 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Nov 4 2:00
690 -5:00 US E%sT
691 #
692 # Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
693 # then switched back in 2006.
694 # From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
695 # An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
696 # notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
697 # 1991-10-27.
698 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
699 Rule Starke 1947 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
700 Rule Starke 1947 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
701 Rule Starke 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
702 Rule Starke 1957 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
703 Rule Starke 1959 1961 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
704 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
705 Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
706 -6:00 US C%sT 1947
707 -6:00 Starke C%sT 1962 Apr 29 2:00
708 -5:00 - EST 1963 Oct 27 2:00
709 -6:00 US C%sT 1991 Oct 27 2:00
710 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
711 -6:00 US C%sT
712 #
713 # Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
714 # April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
715 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
716 Rule Pulaski 1946 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
717 Rule Pulaski 1946 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
718 Rule Pulaski 1955 1956 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
719 Rule Pulaski 1957 1960 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
720 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
721 Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
722 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
723 -6:00 Pulaski C%sT 1961 Apr 30 2:00
724 -5:00 - EST 1969
725 -5:00 US E%sT 1971
726 -5:00 - EST 2006 Apr 2 2:00
727 -6:00 US C%sT 2007 Mar 11 2:00
728 -5:00 US E%sT
729 #
730 # Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
731 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
732 Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
733 -6:00 US C%sT 1954 Apr 25 2:00
734 -5:00 - EST 1969
735 -5:00 US E%sT 1973
736 -5:00 - EST 2006
737 -5:00 US E%sT
739 # Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
740 # This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
741 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
742 Rule Louisville 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
743 Rule Louisville 1921 only - Sep 1 2:00 0 S
744 Rule Louisville 1941 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
745 Rule Louisville 1941 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
746 Rule Louisville 1946 only - Jun 2 2:00 0 S
747 Rule Louisville 1950 1955 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
748 Rule Louisville 1956 1960 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
749 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
750 Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
751 -6:00 US C%sT 1921
752 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1942
753 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
754 -6:00 Louisville C%sT 1961 Jul 23 2:00
755 -5:00 - EST 1968
756 -5:00 US E%sT 1974 Jan 6 2:00
757 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1974 Oct 27 2:00
758 -5:00 US E%sT
759 #
760 # Wayne County, Kentucky
761 #
762 # From
763 # <a href="http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml">
764 # Lake Cumberland LIFE
765 # </a> (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
766 # Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
767 # the Central to the Eastern time zone.... The Wayne County government made
768 # the same request in December. And while Russell County officials have not
769 # taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
770 # August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
771 # The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
772 # location in the Central time zone.
773 #
774 # From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
775 # After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
776 # Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
777 # (-0500) time. They won't "fall back" this year. See Sara Shipley,
778 # The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
779 #
780 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
781 # The final rule was published in the
782 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=2000_register&docid=fr17au00-22">
783 # Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), page 50154-50158.
784 # </a>
785 #
786 Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT 1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
787 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
788 -6:00 - CST 1968
789 -6:00 US C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
790 -5:00 US E%sT
793 # From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
794 # Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
795 # Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
796 # previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
797 # Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
798 # Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
799 # West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
800 # Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
801 #
802 # From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
803 # We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
804 # so omit that change for now.
805 # See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
806 # See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
807 # West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
808 # 1999-10-31. See the
809 # <a href="http://frwebgate.access.gpo.gov/cgi-bin/getdoc.cgi?dbname=1999_register&docid=fr21oc99-15">
810 # Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), page 56705-56707.
811 # </a>
812 # However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
813 # on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
814 # hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
816 # Michigan
817 #
818 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
819 # Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
820 #
821 # From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
822 # Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
823 # but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
824 # that Detroit kept
825 #
826 # local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
827 # be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time. Half the
828 # city obeyed, half refused. After considerable debate, the decision
829 # was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time. A derisive offer to
830 # erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
831 # Committee on Sewers. Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
832 # by city vote.
833 #
834 # This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
835 #
836 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
837 # Garland (1927) writes ``Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
838 # one hour in 1914.'' This change is not in Shanks. We have no more
839 # info, so omit this for now.
840 #
841 # Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
842 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
843 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
844 Rule Detroit 1948 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
845 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Jun 14 2:00 1:00 D
846 Rule Detroit 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
847 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
848 Zone America/Detroit -5:32:11 - LMT 1905
849 -6:00 - CST 1915 May 15 2:00
850 -5:00 - EST 1942
851 -5:00 US E%sT 1946
852 -5:00 Detroit E%sT 1973
853 -5:00 US E%sT 1975
854 -5:00 - EST 1975 Apr 27 2:00
855 -5:00 US E%sT
856 #
857 # Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
858 # switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
859 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER
860 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
861 Rule Menominee 1946 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
862 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
863 Rule Menominee 1966 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
864 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
865 Zone America/Menominee -5:50:27 - LMT 1885 Sep 18 12:00
866 -6:00 US C%sT 1946
867 -6:00 Menominee C%sT 1969 Apr 27 2:00
868 -5:00 - EST 1973 Apr 29 2:00
869 -6:00 US C%sT
871 # Navassa
872 # administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
873 # claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
874 # also claimed by Haiti
875 # occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
876 # US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
877 # currently uninhabited
878 # see Mark Fineman, ``An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord'',
879 # _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
880 # Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
882 ################################################################################
885 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
886 # A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
887 # Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
888 # San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
889 #
890 # Gwillim Law writes that a good source
891 # for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
892 # Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
893 # published semiannually. Law sent in several helpful summaries
894 # of the IATA's data after 1990.
895 #
896 # Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
897 # entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
898 #
899 # Other sources occasionally used include:
900 #
901 # Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
902 # Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
903 # which I found in the UCLA library.
904 #
905 # <a href="http://www.pettswoodvillage.co.uk/Daylight_Savings_William_Willett.pdf">
906 # William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
907 # </a> (1914-03)
908 #
909 # See the `europe' file for Greenland.
911 # Canada
913 # From Alain LaBont<e'> (1994-11-14):
914 # I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
915 # for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
916 #
917 # UTC Standard time Daylight savings time
918 # offset French English French English
919 # -2:30 - - HAT NDT
920 # -3 - - HAA ADT
921 # -3:30 HNT NST - -
922 # -4 HNA AST HAE EDT
923 # -5 HNE EST HAC CDT
924 # -6 HNC CST HAR MDT
925 # -7 HNR MST HAP PDT
926 # -8 HNP PST HAY YDT
927 # -9 HNY YST - -
928 #
929 # HN: Heure Normale ST: Standard Time
930 # HA: Heure Avanc<e'>e DT: Daylight saving Time
931 #
932 # A: de l'Atlantique Atlantic
933 # C: du Centre Central
934 # E: de l'Est Eastern
935 # M: Mountain
936 # N: Newfoundland
937 # P: du Pacifique Pacific
938 # R: des Rocheuses
939 # T: de Terre-Neuve
940 # Y: du Yukon Yukon
941 #
942 # From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
943 # Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
945 # Unless otherwise specified, the data for Canada are all from Shanks
946 # & Pottenger.
948 # From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
949 # 2007-03-01):
950 # The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
951 # adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
952 # U.S. and the rest of Canada....
953 # http://www2.news.gov.bc.ca/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
954 # ...
955 # Nova Scotia
956 # Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
957 # http://www.gov.ns.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
958 #
959 # [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
960 # be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
961 # http://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
962 # ...
963 # Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
964 # As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
965 # http://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
966 # ...
967 # [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
968 # http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
969 # http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
970 # http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
971 # ...
972 # P.E.I. will follow US rules....
973 # http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
974 # ...
975 # Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
976 # http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
977 # ...
978 # Yukon
979 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
980 # ...
981 # N.W.T. will follow US rules. Whoever maintains the government web site
982 # does not seem to believe in bookmarks. To see the news release, click the
983 # following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change". Press the
984 # "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
985 # JavaScript.
986 # http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
987 # ...
988 # Nunavut
989 # An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
990 # http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
992 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-25):
993 # H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
994 # <a href="http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp">
995 # "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
996 # </a> contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
997 # time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
998 #
999 # INMS, the Institute for National Measurement Standards in Ottawa, has <a
1000 # href="http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/en/time_services/daylight_saving_e.php">
1001 # information about standard and daylight saving time zones in Canada.
1002 # </a> (updated periodically).
1003 # Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1005 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1006 # For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1007 # new US DST rules,
1009 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1010 Rule Canada 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1011 Rule Canada 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1012 Rule Canada 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1013 Rule Canada 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1014 Rule Canada 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1015 Rule Canada 1974 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1016 Rule Canada 1974 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1017 Rule Canada 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1018 Rule Canada 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1019 Rule Canada 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
1022 # Newfoundland and Labrador
1024 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1025 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Labrador should use NST/NDT,
1026 # but the only part of Labrador that follows the rules is the
1027 # southeast corner, including Port Hope Simpson and Mary's Harbour,
1028 # but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1030 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1031 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Apr 8 2:00 1:00 D
1032 Rule StJohns 1917 only - Sep 17 2:00 0 S
1033 # Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1034 Rule StJohns 1919 only - May 5 23:00 1:00 D
1035 Rule StJohns 1919 only - Aug 12 23:00 0 S
1036 # For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1037 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - May Sun>=1 23:00 1:00 D
1038 Rule StJohns 1920 1935 - Oct lastSun 23:00 0 S
1039 # For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1040 # Pottenger.
1041 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - May Mon>=9 0:00 1:00 D
1042 Rule StJohns 1936 1941 - Oct Mon>=2 0:00 0 S
1043 # Whitman gives the following transitions:
1044 # 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1045 # but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1046 # For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1047 # Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1048 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1049 Rule StJohns 1946 1950 - Oct Sun>=2 2:00 0 S
1050 Rule StJohns 1951 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1051 Rule StJohns 1951 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1052 Rule StJohns 1960 1986 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1053 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1054 # INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1055 # at 00:01 local time. For now, assume it started in 1987.
1056 Rule StJohns 1987 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1057 Rule StJohns 1987 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1058 Rule StJohns 1988 only - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 2:00 DD
1059 Rule StJohns 1989 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1060 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:01 1:00 D
1061 Rule StJohns 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 0:01 0 S
1062 #
1063 # St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1064 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1065 Zone America/St_Johns -3:30:52 - LMT 1884
1066 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1918
1067 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1068 -3:30:52 StJohns N%sT 1935 Mar 30
1069 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1070 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1071 -3:30 StJohns N%sT
1073 # most of east Labrador
1075 # The name `Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use `Goose Bay'.
1076 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1077 Zone America/Goose_Bay -4:01:40 - LMT 1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1078 -3:30:52 - NST 1918
1079 -3:30:52 Canada N%sT 1919
1080 -3:30:52 - NST 1935 Mar 30
1081 -3:30 - NST 1936
1082 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1942 May 11
1083 -3:30 Canada N%sT 1946
1084 -3:30 StJohns N%sT 1966 Mar 15 2:00
1085 -4:00 StJohns A%sT
1088 # west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1090 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1091 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1092 # Halifax. Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1093 # Glace Bay, NS is the largest that we know of.
1094 # Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1095 # in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1096 # this is a typo.
1098 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1099 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Apr 1 0:00 1:00 D
1100 Rule Halifax 1916 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1101 Rule Halifax 1920 only - May 9 0:00 1:00 D
1102 Rule Halifax 1920 only - Aug 29 0:00 0 S
1103 Rule Halifax 1921 only - May 6 0:00 1:00 D
1104 Rule Halifax 1921 1922 - Sep 5 0:00 0 S
1105 Rule Halifax 1922 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1106 Rule Halifax 1923 1925 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1107 Rule Halifax 1923 only - Sep 4 0:00 0 S
1108 Rule Halifax 1924 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1109 Rule Halifax 1925 only - Sep 28 0:00 0 S
1110 Rule Halifax 1926 only - May 16 0:00 1:00 D
1111 Rule Halifax 1926 only - Sep 13 0:00 0 S
1112 Rule Halifax 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1113 Rule Halifax 1927 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1114 Rule Halifax 1928 1931 - May Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1115 Rule Halifax 1928 only - Sep 9 0:00 0 S
1116 Rule Halifax 1929 only - Sep 3 0:00 0 S
1117 Rule Halifax 1930 only - Sep 15 0:00 0 S
1118 Rule Halifax 1931 1932 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1119 Rule Halifax 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1120 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
1121 Rule Halifax 1933 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
1122 Rule Halifax 1934 only - May 20 0:00 1:00 D
1123 Rule Halifax 1934 only - Sep 16 0:00 0 S
1124 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Jun 2 0:00 1:00 D
1125 Rule Halifax 1935 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
1126 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
1127 Rule Halifax 1936 only - Sep 14 0:00 0 S
1128 Rule Halifax 1937 1938 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1129 Rule Halifax 1937 1941 - Sep Mon>=24 0:00 0 S
1130 Rule Halifax 1939 only - May 28 0:00 1:00 D
1131 Rule Halifax 1940 1941 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1132 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1133 Rule Halifax 1946 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1134 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1135 Rule Halifax 1951 1954 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1136 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1137 Rule Halifax 1956 1959 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1138 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1139 Rule Halifax 1962 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1140 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1141 Zone America/Halifax -4:14:24 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1142 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1918
1143 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1919
1144 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1145 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1146 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1147 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1148 Zone America/Glace_Bay -3:59:48 - LMT 1902 Jun 15
1149 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1953
1150 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1954
1151 -4:00 - AST 1972
1152 -4:00 Halifax A%sT 1974
1153 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1155 # New Brunswick
1157 # From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1158 # The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1159 # says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1160 # <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1161 # clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1162 # For now, assume it started in 1993.
1164 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1165 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Jun Sun>=8 1:00 1:00 D
1166 Rule Moncton 1933 1935 - Sep Sun>=8 1:00 0 S
1167 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Jun Sun>=1 1:00 1:00 D
1168 Rule Moncton 1936 1938 - Sep Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
1169 Rule Moncton 1939 only - May 27 1:00 1:00 D
1170 Rule Moncton 1939 1941 - Sep Sat>=21 1:00 0 S
1171 Rule Moncton 1940 only - May 19 1:00 1:00 D
1172 Rule Moncton 1941 only - May 4 1:00 1:00 D
1173 Rule Moncton 1946 1972 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1174 Rule Moncton 1946 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1175 Rule Moncton 1957 1972 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1176 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:01 1:00 D
1177 Rule Moncton 1993 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:01 0 S
1178 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1179 Zone America/Moncton -4:19:08 - LMT 1883 Dec 9
1180 -5:00 - EST 1902 Jun 15
1181 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1933
1182 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1942
1183 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1946
1184 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 1973
1185 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1993
1186 -4:00 Moncton A%sT 2007
1187 -4:00 Canada A%sT
1189 # Quebec
1191 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1192 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Quebec has been
1193 # like Montreal.
1195 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1196 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1197 # meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1198 # Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1199 # In "Official time in Quebec" the Quebec department of justice writes in
1200 # http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-regl-1-a.htm
1201 # that "The residents of the Municipality of the
1202 # Cote-Nord-du-Golfe-Saint-Laurent and the municipalities of Saint-Augustin,
1203 # Bonne-Esperance and Blanc-Sablon apply the Official Time Act as it is
1204 # written and use Atlantic standard time all year round. The same applies to
1205 # the residents of the Native facilities along the lower North Shore."
1206 # <http://www.assnat.qc.ca/eng/37legislature2/Projets-loi/Publics/06-a002.htm>
1207 # says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1208 # For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1209 # Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1211 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1212 Rule Mont 1917 only - Mar 25 2:00 1:00 D
1213 Rule Mont 1917 only - Apr 24 0:00 0 S
1214 Rule Mont 1919 only - Mar 31 2:30 1:00 D
1215 Rule Mont 1919 only - Oct 25 2:30 0 S
1216 Rule Mont 1920 only - May 2 2:30 1:00 D
1217 Rule Mont 1920 1922 - Oct Sun>=1 2:30 0 S
1218 Rule Mont 1921 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1219 Rule Mont 1922 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
1220 Rule Mont 1924 only - May 17 2:00 1:00 D
1221 Rule Mont 1924 1926 - Sep lastSun 2:30 0 S
1222 Rule Mont 1925 1926 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1223 # The 1927-to-1937 rules can be expressed more simply as
1224 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Apr lastSat 24:00 1:00 D
1225 # Rule Mont 1927 1937 - Sep lastSat 24:00 0 S
1226 # The rules below avoid use of 24:00
1227 # (which pre-1998 versions of zic cannot handle).
1228 Rule Mont 1927 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1229 Rule Mont 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1230 Rule Mont 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1231 Rule Mont 1932 only - May 1 0:00 1:00 D
1232 Rule Mont 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1233 Rule Mont 1933 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
1234 Rule Mont 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1235 Rule Mont 1946 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1236 Rule Mont 1945 1948 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1237 Rule Mont 1949 1950 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1238 Rule Mont 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1239 Rule Mont 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1241 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1242 Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 - LMT 1884
1243 -4:00 Canada A%sT 1970
1244 -4:00 - AST
1245 Zone America/Montreal -4:54:16 - LMT 1884
1246 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1918
1247 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1248 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1249 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1250 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1974
1251 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1254 # Ontario
1256 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1257 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1258 # Toronto.
1259 # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1260 # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1261 # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1262 # Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1264 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1265 # [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1266 # effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1267 # Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1268 # have already done so. In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1269 # 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1270 # hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1271 # only two weeks -- I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1272 # presumably that should be -07-06. (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1273 # earlier in June).
1274 #
1275 # Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1277 # From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1278 # Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1279 # says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1280 # but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1281 # He also writes that the
1282 # <a href="http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html">
1283 # Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1284 # </a>
1285 # says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1286 # Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1287 # concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1288 #
1289 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1290 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1291 # New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1292 # CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1293 # violation of the official Ontario rules.
1294 #
1295 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1296 # Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1297 # 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1298 #
1299 # The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1300 # This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1301 # the other half on eastern time.
1302 #
1303 # For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1304 #
1305 # "The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1306 # Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1307 # said. "I don't see any changes happening here."
1308 #
1309 # Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1310 # [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1312 # From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1313 # I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1314 # and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1315 # can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1316 # time keeping since 1952, at least.
1318 # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1319 # Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1320 # ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1321 # McKinnon sounds more authoritative. For now, assume that Atikokan
1322 # switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1323 # ended. This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1324 # entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1325 # America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1327 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1328 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Mar 30 23:30 1:00 D
1329 Rule Toronto 1919 only - Oct 26 0:00 0 S
1330 Rule Toronto 1920 only - May 2 2:00 1:00 D
1331 Rule Toronto 1920 only - Sep 26 0:00 0 S
1332 Rule Toronto 1921 only - May 15 2:00 1:00 D
1333 Rule Toronto 1921 only - Sep 15 2:00 0 S
1334 Rule Toronto 1922 1923 - May Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1335 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1336 # was meant.
1337 Rule Toronto 1922 1926 - Sep Sun>=15 2:00 0 S
1338 Rule Toronto 1924 1927 - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1339 # The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1340 # Rule Toronto 1927 1937 - Sep Sun>=25 2:00 0 S
1341 # Rule Toronto 1928 1937 - Apr Sun>=25 2:00 1:00 D
1342 # Rule Toronto 1938 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1343 # Rule Toronto 1938 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1344 # The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1345 # (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1346 Rule Toronto 1927 1932 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1347 Rule Toronto 1928 1931 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1348 Rule Toronto 1932 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1349 Rule Toronto 1933 1940 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1350 Rule Toronto 1933 only - Oct 1 2:00 0 S
1351 Rule Toronto 1934 1939 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1352 Rule Toronto 1945 1946 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1353 Rule Toronto 1946 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1354 Rule Toronto 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
1355 Rule Toronto 1947 1948 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
1356 Rule Toronto 1949 only - Nov lastSun 0:00 0 S
1357 Rule Toronto 1950 1973 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1358 Rule Toronto 1950 only - Nov lastSun 2:00 0 S
1359 Rule Toronto 1951 1956 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1360 # Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1361 # namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1362 # is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1363 # Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1364 Rule Toronto 1957 1973 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1366 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1367 # Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1368 # Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1369 # operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1370 # Saskatchewan, for one year."
1372 # From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1373 # Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1374 # There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1375 # savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1376 # before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1377 # Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1378 # include the Thunder Bay area.... When Canada adopted daylight
1379 # savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1380 # already, did not change their clocks.... During the Second World
1381 # War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1382 # months for the remainder of the war years.
1384 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1385 Zone America/Toronto -5:17:32 - LMT 1895
1386 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1919
1387 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1388 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1946
1389 -5:00 Toronto E%sT 1974
1390 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1391 Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 - LMT 1895
1392 -6:00 - CST 1910
1393 -5:00 - EST 1942
1394 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1970
1395 -5:00 Mont E%sT 1973
1396 -5:00 - EST 1974
1397 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1398 Zone America/Nipigon -5:53:04 - LMT 1895
1399 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1940 Sep 29
1400 -5:00 1:00 EDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1401 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1402 Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 - LMT 1895
1403 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1404 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1405 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1406 Zone America/Atikokan -6:06:28 - LMT 1895
1407 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1940 Sep 29
1408 -6:00 1:00 CDT 1942 Feb 9 2:00s
1409 -6:00 Canada C%sT 1945 Sep 30 2:00
1410 -5:00 - EST
1413 # Manitoba
1415 # From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1416 # the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1417 # March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1418 # "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1419 # the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1420 # Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1421 # following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1422 # I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had =
1423 # been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1424 # Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1425 # the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1426 # the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1427 # Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1429 # From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1430 # Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1431 # starting 1966. Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1432 # it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1434 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1435 Rule Winn 1916 only - Apr 23 0:00 1:00 D
1436 Rule Winn 1916 only - Sep 17 0:00 0 S
1437 Rule Winn 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1438 Rule Winn 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1439 Rule Winn 1937 only - May 16 2:00 1:00 D
1440 Rule Winn 1937 only - Sep 26 2:00 0 S
1441 Rule Winn 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1442 Rule Winn 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1443 Rule Winn 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1444 Rule Winn 1946 only - May 12 2:00 1:00 D
1445 Rule Winn 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1446 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1447 Rule Winn 1947 1949 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1448 Rule Winn 1950 only - May 1 2:00 1:00 D
1449 Rule Winn 1950 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1450 Rule Winn 1951 1960 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1451 Rule Winn 1951 1958 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1452 Rule Winn 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1453 Rule Winn 1960 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1454 Rule Winn 1963 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1455 Rule Winn 1963 only - Sep 22 2:00 0 S
1456 Rule Winn 1966 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00s 1:00 D
1457 Rule Winn 1966 2005 - Oct lastSun 2:00s 0 S
1458 Rule Winn 1987 2005 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00s 1:00 D
1459 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1460 Zone America/Winnipeg -6:28:36 - LMT 1887 Jul 16
1461 -6:00 Winn C%sT 2006
1462 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1465 # Saskatchewan
1467 # From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1468 # The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1469 # level. As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1470 # elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1471 # the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1472 # DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1473 # presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1474 # the summer". The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1475 # time was noted.
1477 # From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1478 # Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1479 # City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1481 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1482 # Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1483 # Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1484 # Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1485 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1486 # are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1488 # From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1489 # The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1490 # provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1491 # A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1492 # since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1493 #
1494 # Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1495 # the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1496 # their affiliations in one direction or the other. In 1965 a provincial
1497 # referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1498 #
1499 # On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1500 # Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1501 # part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1502 # northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1503 # follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1504 # zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1505 # by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1506 #
1507 # It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1508 # on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1509 # serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1510 # a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1511 # rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1512 # since sometime in the 1960s.
1514 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1515 # The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1516 # long and rather painful to read.
1517 # http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1519 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1520 Rule Regina 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1521 Rule Regina 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1522 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
1523 Rule Regina 1930 1934 - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1524 Rule Regina 1937 1941 - Apr Sun>=8 0:00 1:00 D
1525 Rule Regina 1937 only - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1526 Rule Regina 1938 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
1527 Rule Regina 1939 1941 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
1528 Rule Regina 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1529 Rule Regina 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1530 Rule Regina 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1531 Rule Regina 1946 only - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1532 Rule Regina 1946 only - Oct Sun>=8 2:00 0 S
1533 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1534 Rule Regina 1947 1957 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1535 Rule Regina 1959 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1536 Rule Regina 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1537 #
1538 Rule Swift 1957 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1539 Rule Swift 1957 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1540 Rule Swift 1959 1961 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1541 Rule Swift 1959 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1542 Rule Swift 1960 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1543 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1544 Zone America/Regina -6:58:36 - LMT 1905 Sep
1545 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1960 Apr lastSun 2:00
1546 -6:00 - CST
1547 Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 - LMT 1905 Sep
1548 -7:00 Canada M%sT 1946 Apr lastSun 2:00
1549 -7:00 Regina M%sT 1950
1550 -7:00 Swift M%sT 1972 Apr lastSun 2:00
1551 -6:00 - CST
1554 # Alberta
1556 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1557 Rule Edm 1918 1919 - Apr Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
1558 Rule Edm 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1559 Rule Edm 1919 only - May 27 2:00 0 S
1560 Rule Edm 1920 1923 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1561 Rule Edm 1920 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1562 Rule Edm 1921 1923 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1563 Rule Edm 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1564 Rule Edm 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1565 Rule Edm 1945 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1566 Rule Edm 1947 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1567 Rule Edm 1947 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1568 Rule Edm 1967 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1569 Rule Edm 1967 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1570 Rule Edm 1969 only - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1571 Rule Edm 1969 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1572 Rule Edm 1972 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1573 Rule Edm 1972 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1574 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1575 Zone America/Edmonton -7:33:52 - LMT 1906 Sep
1576 -7:00 Edm M%sT 1987
1577 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1580 # British Columbia
1582 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1583 # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1584 # been like Vancouver.
1585 # Dawson Creek uses MST. Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1586 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1588 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1589 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1590 Rule Vanc 1918 only - Oct 31 2:00 0 S
1591 Rule Vanc 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1592 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1593 Rule Vanc 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1594 Rule Vanc 1946 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1595 Rule Vanc 1946 only - Oct 13 2:00 0 S
1596 Rule Vanc 1947 1961 - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1597 Rule Vanc 1962 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1598 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1599 Zone America/Vancouver -8:12:28 - LMT 1884
1600 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1987
1601 -8:00 Canada P%sT
1602 Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 - LMT 1884
1603 -8:00 Canada P%sT 1947
1604 -8:00 Vanc P%sT 1972 Aug 30 2:00
1605 -7:00 - MST
1608 # Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1610 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1611 # Dawson switched to PST in 1973. Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1612 # Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
1613 # * 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
1614 # c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9. This is still valid;
1615 # see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
1616 # * C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
1617 # * O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
1618 # * O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
1619 # Shanks & Pottenger say Yukon's 1973-10-28 switch was at 2:00; go
1620 # with Englander.
1621 # From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1622 # Here is a link to the old daylight saving portion of the interpretation
1623 # act which was last updated in 1987:
1624 # http://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic1987_056.pdf
1626 # From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
1627 # Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
1628 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html">
1629 # Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
1630 # </a>
1631 #
1632 # From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
1633 # We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
1634 # to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
1636 # From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
1637 # <a href="http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html">
1638 # Basic Facts: The New Territory
1639 # </a> (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
1640 # and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST. We don't know when
1641 # Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
1643 # From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
1644 # On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
1645 # Pangnirtung wobbled. Here is the result of their wobble:
1646 #
1647 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
1648 #
1649 # First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
1650 # Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
1651 #
1652 # The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
1653 #
1654 # Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
1655 #
1656 # This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
1657 # No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
1658 # change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
1659 # really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
1660 # They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
1661 # so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
1662 # The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
1663 # their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
1664 # the current state of affairs.
1666 # From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
1667 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html">
1668 # Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19)</a>:
1669 # Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
1670 # central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
1671 # for municipal offices and schools.... Igloolik [was similar but then]
1672 # made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
1674 # From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1675 # Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
1676 # for these potential new Zones.
1677 #
1678 # The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
1679 # handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
1680 # zone] skip daylight savings. Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
1681 # Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
1682 # Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
1683 # Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
1684 # required to use daylight savings.
1686 # From
1687 # <a href="http://www.nunatsiaq.com/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html">
1688 # Nunavut now has two time zones
1689 # </a> (2000-11-10):
1690 # The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
1691 # Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
1692 # one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
1693 # At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
1694 # Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
1695 # the rest of the territory for the winter. Cambridge Bay remained on
1696 # central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
1697 # mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
1698 # unified time zone in 1999.
1699 #
1700 # From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
1701 # The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
1703 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
1704 # Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
1706 # From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
1707 # The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
1708 # that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
1709 # back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern). Of the
1710 # cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
1711 # has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round. I'm
1712 # checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
1713 # more.
1714 # [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
1716 # From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
1717 # According to maps at
1718 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SWE.jpg
1719 # http://inms-ienm.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/images/time_services/TZ01SSE.jpg
1720 # (both dated 2003), and
1721 # http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
1722 # (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
1723 # for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
1724 # round. Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
1725 # I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
1726 # predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
1727 # The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
1728 #
1729 # From Paul Eggert (2005-07-26):
1730 # For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
1731 # daylight saving only during wartime.
1733 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
1734 # ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
1735 # Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
1736 # Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
1737 # daylight saving....
1738 # http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
1740 # From Chris Walton (2007-03-14):
1741 # Today I phoned the "hamlet office" to find out what Resolute was doing with
1742 # its clocks.
1743 #
1744 # The individual that answered the phone confirmed that the clocks did not
1745 # move at the end of daylight saving on October 29/2006. He also told me that
1746 # the clocks did not move this past weekend (March 11/2007)....
1748 # From Chris Walton (2008-11-13):
1749 # ...the residents of Resolute believe that they are changing "time zones"
1750 # twice a year. In winter months, local time is qualified with "Eastern
1751 # Time" which is really "Eastern Standard Time (UTC-5)". In summer
1752 # months, local time is qualified with "Central Time" which is really
1753 # "Central Daylight Time (UTC-5)"...
1755 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1756 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Apr 14 2:00 1:00 D
1757 Rule NT_YK 1918 only - Oct 27 2:00 0 S
1758 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - May 25 2:00 1:00 D
1759 Rule NT_YK 1919 only - Nov 1 0:00 0 S
1760 Rule NT_YK 1942 only - Feb 9 2:00 1:00 W # War
1761 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Aug 14 23:00u 1:00 P # Peace
1762 Rule NT_YK 1945 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
1763 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Apr lastSun 0:00 2:00 DD
1764 Rule NT_YK 1965 only - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1765 Rule NT_YK 1980 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
1766 Rule NT_YK 1980 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1767 Rule NT_YK 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1768 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1769 # aka Panniqtuuq
1770 Zone America/Pangnirtung 0 - zzz 1921 # trading post est.
1771 -4:00 NT_YK A%sT 1995 Apr Sun>=1 2:00
1772 -5:00 Canada E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1773 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1774 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1775 # formerly Frobisher Bay
1776 Zone America/Iqaluit 0 - zzz 1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
1777 -5:00 NT_YK E%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1778 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1779 -5:00 Canada E%sT
1780 # aka Qausuittuq
1781 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1782 Rule Resolute 2006 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 ES
1783 Rule Resolute 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 0 CD
1784 Zone America/Resolute 0 - zzz 1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
1785 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1786 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1787 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2006 Oct 29 2:00
1788 -5:00 Resolute %sT
1789 # aka Kangiqiniq
1790 Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0 - zzz 1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
1791 -6:00 NT_YK C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1792 -5:00 - EST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1793 -6:00 Canada C%sT
1794 # aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
1795 Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0 - zzz 1920 # trading post est.?
1796 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1999 Oct 31 2:00
1797 -6:00 Canada C%sT 2000 Oct 29 2:00
1798 -5:00 - EST 2000 Nov 5 0:00
1799 -6:00 - CST 2001 Apr 1 3:00
1800 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1801 Zone America/Yellowknife 0 - zzz 1935 # Yellowknife founded?
1802 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1803 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1804 Zone America/Inuvik 0 - zzz 1953 # Inuvik founded
1805 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1979 Apr lastSun 2:00
1806 -7:00 NT_YK M%sT 1980
1807 -7:00 Canada M%sT
1808 Zone America/Whitehorse -9:00:12 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1809 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1966 Jul 1 2:00
1810 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1811 -8:00 Canada P%sT
1812 Zone America/Dawson -9:17:40 - LMT 1900 Aug 20
1813 -9:00 NT_YK Y%sT 1973 Oct 28 0:00
1814 -8:00 NT_YK P%sT 1980
1815 -8:00 Canada P%sT
1818 ###############################################################################
1820 # Mexico
1822 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
1823 # The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
1824 # Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
1825 # <a href="http://www.cddhcu.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/">
1826 # history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
1827 # </a>.
1828 #
1829 # Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
1830 # (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
1831 # S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
1832 # S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
1833 # S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
1834 # S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
1836 # From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
1837 # There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
1838 # tz database. I think they can best be explained by supposing that
1839 # the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
1840 # the relevant documents.
1842 # From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
1843 # A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
1844 # outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
1845 #
1846 # ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
1847 #
1848 # I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
1849 # rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
1850 #
1851 # 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
1852 # - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
1853 # - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
1854 # - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
1855 #
1856 # 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
1857 # at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
1858 # BajaNorte: GMT+7
1859 # BajaSur: GMT+6
1860 # General: GMT+5
1861 #
1862 # 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
1863 # BajaNorte: GMT+8
1864 # BajaSur: GMT+7
1865 # General: GMT+6
1866 #
1867 # The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
1868 #
1869 # -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
1870 # From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
1871 # For an English translation of the decree, see
1872 # <a href="http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html">
1873 # ``Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover'' (1996-01-04).
1874 # </a>
1876 # From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
1877 # The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
1878 # (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
1880 # From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
1881 # Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
1882 # zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
1883 # savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
1884 # Arizona year round.
1886 # From Jesper Norgaard, translating
1887 # <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
1888 # In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
1889 # Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
1890 # year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
1891 # whole year.
1893 # From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
1894 # <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
1895 # (translated):...
1896 # January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
1897 # that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
1898 # this year....
1899 # <http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001>
1900 # [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
1901 # in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
1903 # From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
1904 # The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
1905 # story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
1906 # http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
1907 # ... Mexico City Mayor Lopez Obrador "...is threatening to keep
1908 # Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
1909 # the rest of the country..." In particular, Lopez Obrador would abolish
1910 # observation of Daylight Saving Time.
1912 # <a href="http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre">
1913 # Official statute published by the Energy Department
1914 # </a> (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
1915 # and Sonora with no DST. This was reported by Jesper Norgaard (2001-02-03).
1917 # From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
1918 #
1919 # <a href="http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html">
1920 # James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
1921 # </a>
1922 # * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
1923 # * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador decreed that
1924 # the Federal District will not adopt DST.
1925 # * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
1926 # * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
1927 # the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
1928 #
1929 # For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
1931 # From Jesper Norgaard (2001-04-01):
1932 # I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
1933 # saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
1934 # that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
1935 # saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
1936 # (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
1937 # saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
1938 # Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
1939 # September 30, 2001.
1940 # References: "Diario de Monterrey" <www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
1941 # Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
1943 # From Reuters (2001-09-04):
1944 # Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
1945 # unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
1946 # capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
1947 # next year.... The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
1948 # a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
1949 # standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
1950 # subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
1952 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
1953 # ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
1954 # that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
1955 # http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
1956 # confirms this. Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
1958 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
1959 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Feb 5 0:00 1:00 D
1960 Rule Mexico 1939 only - Jun 25 0:00 0 S
1961 Rule Mexico 1940 only - Dec 9 0:00 1:00 D
1962 Rule Mexico 1941 only - Apr 1 0:00 0 S
1963 Rule Mexico 1943 only - Dec 16 0:00 1:00 W # War
1964 Rule Mexico 1944 only - May 1 0:00 0 S
1965 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Feb 12 0:00 1:00 D
1966 Rule Mexico 1950 only - Jul 30 0:00 0 S
1967 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1968 Rule Mexico 1996 2000 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1969 Rule Mexico 2001 only - May Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1970 Rule Mexico 2001 only - Sep lastSun 2:00 0 S
1971 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
1972 Rule Mexico 2002 max - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
1973 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
1974 # Quintana Roo
1975 Zone America/Cancun -5:47:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:12:56
1976 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1977 -5:00 Mexico E%sT 1998 Aug 2 2:00
1978 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
1979 # Campeche, Yucatan
1980 Zone America/Merida -5:58:28 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:01:32
1981 -6:00 - CST 1981 Dec 23
1982 -5:00 - EST 1982 Dec 2
1983 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
1984 # Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo Leon, Tamaulipas
1985 Zone America/Monterrey -6:41:16 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
1986 -6:00 - CST 1988
1987 -6:00 US C%sT 1989
1988 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
1989 # Central Mexico
1990 Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:23:24
1991 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
1992 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
1993 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
1994 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
1995 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
1996 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 2001 Sep 30 02:00
1997 -6:00 - CST 2002 Feb 20
1998 -6:00 Mexico C%sT
1999 # Chihuahua
2000 Zone America/Chihuahua -7:04:20 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2001 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2002 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2003 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2004 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2005 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2006 -6:00 - CST 1996
2007 -6:00 Mexico C%sT 1998
2008 -6:00 - CST 1998 Apr Sun>=1 3:00
2009 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2010 # Sonora
2011 Zone America/Hermosillo -7:23:52 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2012 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2013 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2014 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2015 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2016 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2017 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2018 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2019 -8:00 - PST 1970
2020 -7:00 Mexico M%sT 1999
2021 -7:00 - MST
2022 # Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2023 Zone America/Mazatlan -7:05:40 - LMT 1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2024 -7:00 - MST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2025 -6:00 - CST 1930 Nov 15
2026 -7:00 - MST 1931 May 1 23:00
2027 -6:00 - CST 1931 Oct
2028 -7:00 - MST 1932 Apr 1
2029 -6:00 - CST 1942 Apr 24
2030 -7:00 - MST 1949 Jan 14
2031 -8:00 - PST 1970
2032 -7:00 Mexico M%sT
2033 # Baja California
2034 Zone America/Tijuana -7:48:04 - LMT 1922 Jan 1 0:11:56
2035 -7:00 - MST 1924
2036 -8:00 - PST 1927 Jun 10 23:00
2037 -7:00 - MST 1930 Nov 15
2038 -8:00 - PST 1931 Apr 1
2039 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1931 Sep 30
2040 -8:00 - PST 1942 Apr 24
2041 -8:00 1:00 PWT 1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2042 -8:00 1:00 PPT 1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2043 -8:00 - PST 1948 Apr 5
2044 -8:00 1:00 PDT 1949 Jan 14
2045 -8:00 - PST 1954
2046 -8:00 CA P%sT 1961
2047 -8:00 - PST 1976
2048 -8:00 US P%sT 1996
2049 -8:00 Mexico P%sT 2001
2050 -8:00 US P%sT 2002 Feb 20
2051 -8:00 Mexico P%sT
2052 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2053 # Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2054 # America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2055 # through 1995. This was as per Shanks (1999). But Shanks & Pottenger say
2056 # Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975. Guy Harris reports
2057 # that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicale, San Felipe and
2058 # Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2059 # DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then. This concerns
2060 # data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2061 # other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2062 # name or contents should be.
2063 #
2064 # Revillagigedo Is
2065 # no information
2067 ###############################################################################
2069 # Anguilla
2070 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2071 Zone America/Anguilla -4:12:16 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2072 -4:00 - AST
2074 # Antigua and Barbuda
2075 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2076 Zone America/Antigua -4:07:12 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2077 -5:00 - EST 1951
2078 -4:00 - AST
2080 # Bahamas
2081 #
2082 # From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2083 # The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2084 # rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2085 # http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2087 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2088 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2089 Rule Bahamas 1964 1975 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2090 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2091 Zone America/Nassau -5:09:24 - LMT 1912 Mar 2
2092 -5:00 Bahamas E%sT 1976
2093 -5:00 US E%sT
2095 # Barbados
2096 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2097 Rule Barb 1977 only - Jun 12 2:00 1:00 D
2098 Rule Barb 1977 1978 - Oct Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2099 Rule Barb 1978 1980 - Apr Sun>=15 2:00 1:00 D
2100 Rule Barb 1979 only - Sep 30 2:00 0 S
2101 Rule Barb 1980 only - Sep 25 2:00 0 S
2102 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2103 Zone America/Barbados -3:58:28 - LMT 1924 # Bridgetown
2104 -3:58:28 - BMT 1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2105 -4:00 Barb A%sT
2107 # Belize
2108 # Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2109 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2110 Rule Belize 1918 1942 - Oct Sun>=2 0:00 0:30 HD
2111 Rule Belize 1919 1943 - Feb Sun>=9 0:00 0 S
2112 Rule Belize 1973 only - Dec 5 0:00 1:00 D
2113 Rule Belize 1974 only - Feb 9 0:00 0 S
2114 Rule Belize 1982 only - Dec 18 0:00 1:00 D
2115 Rule Belize 1983 only - Feb 12 0:00 0 S
2116 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2117 Zone America/Belize -5:52:48 - LMT 1912 Apr
2118 -6:00 Belize C%sT
2120 # Bermuda
2122 # From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2124 # Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2125 # in March, until the first Sunday in November. And, after the Time Zone
2126 # (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2127 # Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2128 # http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2130 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2131 Zone Atlantic/Bermuda -4:19:04 - LMT 1930 Jan 1 2:00 # Hamilton
2132 -4:00 - AST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2133 -4:00 Bahamas A%sT 1976
2134 -4:00 US A%sT
2136 # Cayman Is
2137 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2138 Zone America/Cayman -5:25:32 - LMT 1890 # Georgetown
2139 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2140 -5:00 - EST
2142 # Costa Rica
2143 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2144 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Feb lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2145 Rule CR 1979 1980 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2146 Rule CR 1991 1992 - Jan Sat>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2147 # IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2148 # go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2149 Rule CR 1991 only - Jul 1 0:00 0 S
2150 Rule CR 1992 only - Mar 15 0:00 0 S
2151 # There are too many San Joses elsewhere, so we'll use `Costa Rica'.
2152 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2153 Zone America/Costa_Rica -5:36:20 - LMT 1890 # San Jose
2154 -5:36:20 - SJMT 1921 Jan 15 # San Jose Mean Time
2155 -6:00 CR C%sT
2156 # Coco
2157 # no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2159 # Cuba
2161 # From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2162 # The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2163 # the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2164 # the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2165 # During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2166 # "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2167 # Time today." (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2168 # sleep on 1999-03-28--when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2169 # to DST--and one more hour on 1999-04-04--when the announcers will have
2170 # returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2172 # From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2173 # Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2174 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2175 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2176 # says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2177 # thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2178 # to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2179 # For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2181 # From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2182 # This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2183 # adjustment in Cuba. We will stay in daylight saving time:
2184 # http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2186 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2187 # An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2188 # the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2189 # http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2190 # "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2191 # watches should be set back one hour -- going back to 00:00 hours -- returning
2192 # to the normal schedule....
2194 # From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2195 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html, dated yesterday,
2196 # says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2197 # For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2198 # except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2199 #
2200 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2201 # Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2202 # earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2203 #
2204 # He supplied these references:
2205 #
2206 # http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2207 # http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2208 #
2209 # From Alex Kryvenishev (2007-10-25):
2210 # Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2211 #
2212 # [Regira] el Horario Normal desde el [proximo] domingo 28 de octubre
2213 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2214 #
2215 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2217 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2218 # I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2219 # Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2220 # <a href="http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj">
2221 # http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2222 # </a>, a Cuban information station, and heard
2223 # the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2224 # indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2226 # From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2227 # It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2228 # It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2229 # <a href="http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm">
2230 # http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2231 # </a>
2232 #
2233 # Some more background information is posted here:
2234 # <a href="http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html">
2235 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2236 # </a>
2237 #
2238 # The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2239 # while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2240 # 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2241 # observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2242 # which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2243 # change some historic records as well.
2244 #
2245 # One example:
2246 # <a href="http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm">
2247 # http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2248 # </a>
2250 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2251 # The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2252 # web site, the Granma. Please check out
2253 # <a href="http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html">
2254 # http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2255 # </a>
2256 #
2257 # Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsens information, the change
2258 # will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2260 # From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2261 # Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2263 # From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2264 # According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2265 # midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2266 # not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2267 #
2268 # <a href="http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html">
2269 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2270 # (in Spanish)
2271 # </a>
2273 # From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2274 # I listened over the Internet to
2275 # <a href="http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj">
2276 # http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2277 # </a>
2278 # this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2279 # the time was announced as "diez cinco"--the same time as here, indicating
2280 # that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2282 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2283 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Jun 10 0:00 1:00 D
2284 Rule Cuba 1928 only - Oct 10 0:00 0 S
2285 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2286 Rule Cuba 1940 1942 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2287 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Jun Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2288 Rule Cuba 1945 1946 - Sep Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2289 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Jun 1 0:00 1:00 D
2290 Rule Cuba 1965 only - Sep 30 0:00 0 S
2291 Rule Cuba 1966 only - May 29 0:00 1:00 D
2292 Rule Cuba 1966 only - Oct 2 0:00 0 S
2293 Rule Cuba 1967 only - Apr 8 0:00 1:00 D
2294 Rule Cuba 1967 1968 - Sep Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2295 Rule Cuba 1968 only - Apr 14 0:00 1:00 D
2296 Rule Cuba 1969 1977 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2297 Rule Cuba 1969 1971 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2298 Rule Cuba 1972 1974 - Oct 8 0:00 0 S
2299 Rule Cuba 1975 1977 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2300 Rule Cuba 1978 only - May 7 0:00 1:00 D
2301 Rule Cuba 1978 1990 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00 0 S
2302 Rule Cuba 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=15 0:00 1:00 D
2303 Rule Cuba 1981 1985 - May Sun>=5 0:00 1:00 D
2304 Rule Cuba 1986 1989 - Mar Sun>=14 0:00 1:00 D
2305 Rule Cuba 1990 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2306 Rule Cuba 1991 1995 - Oct Sun>=8 0:00s 0 S
2307 Rule Cuba 1996 only - Oct 6 0:00s 0 S
2308 Rule Cuba 1997 only - Oct 12 0:00s 0 S
2309 Rule Cuba 1998 1999 - Mar lastSun 0:00s 1:00 D
2310 Rule Cuba 1998 2003 - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2311 Rule Cuba 2000 2004 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00s 1:00 D
2312 Rule Cuba 2006 max - Oct lastSun 0:00s 0 S
2313 Rule Cuba 2007 only - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2314 Rule Cuba 2008 only - Mar Sun>=15 0:00s 1:00 D
2315 Rule Cuba 2009 max - Mar Sun>=8 0:00s 1:00 D
2317 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2318 Zone America/Havana -5:29:28 - LMT 1890
2319 -5:29:36 - HMT 1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
2320 -5:00 Cuba C%sT
2322 # Dominica
2323 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2324 Zone America/Dominica -4:05:36 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Roseau
2325 -4:00 - AST
2327 # Dominican Republic
2329 # From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
2330 # Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
2331 # time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
2332 # http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
2334 # From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2335 # That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
2337 # From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
2338 # Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
2339 # November 28, 2000, with a new decree. On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
2340 # Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
2341 # Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future. The reason they
2342 # decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
2343 # to implement DST. When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
2344 # decided to revert.
2347 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2348 Rule DR 1966 only - Oct 30 0:00 1:00 D
2349 Rule DR 1967 only - Feb 28 0:00 0 S
2350 Rule DR 1969 1973 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0:30 HD
2351 Rule DR 1970 only - Feb 21 0:00 0 S
2352 Rule DR 1971 only - Jan 20 0:00 0 S
2353 Rule DR 1972 1974 - Jan 21 0:00 0 S
2354 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2355 Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 - LMT 1890
2356 -4:40 - SDMT 1933 Apr 1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
2357 -5:00 DR E%sT 1974 Oct 27
2358 -4:00 - AST 2000 Oct 29 02:00
2359 -5:00 US E%sT 2000 Dec 3 01:00
2360 -4:00 - AST
2362 # El Salvador
2364 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2365 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2366 Rule Salv 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2367 # There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
2368 # instead of America/San_Salvador.
2369 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2370 Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 - LMT 1921 # San Salvador
2371 -6:00 Salv C%sT
2373 # Grenada
2374 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2375 Zone America/Grenada -4:07:00 - LMT 1911 Jul # St George's
2376 -4:00 - AST
2378 # Guadeloupe
2379 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2380 Zone America/Guadeloupe -4:06:08 - LMT 1911 Jun 8 # Pointe a Pitre
2381 -4:00 - AST
2382 # St Barthelemy
2383 Link America/Guadeloupe America/St_Barthelemy
2384 # St Martin (French part)
2385 Link America/Guadeloupe America/Marigot
2387 # Guatemala
2388 #
2389 # From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
2390 # Diario Co Latino, at
2391 # http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079,
2392 # says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
2393 # decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
2394 # impact of the elevated cost of oil.... Daylight saving time will last from
2395 # 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
2396 # From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
2397 # The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
2398 # (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00. See
2399 # <http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf>.
2401 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2402 Rule Guat 1973 only - Nov 25 0:00 1:00 D
2403 Rule Guat 1974 only - Feb 24 0:00 0 S
2404 Rule Guat 1983 only - May 21 0:00 1:00 D
2405 Rule Guat 1983 only - Sep 22 0:00 0 S
2406 Rule Guat 1991 only - Mar 23 0:00 1:00 D
2407 Rule Guat 1991 only - Sep 7 0:00 0 S
2408 Rule Guat 2006 only - Apr 30 0:00 1:00 D
2409 Rule Guat 2006 only - Oct 1 0:00 0 S
2410 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2411 Zone America/Guatemala -6:02:04 - LMT 1918 Oct 5
2412 -6:00 Guat C%sT
2414 # Haiti
2415 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
2416 # Risto O. Nykanen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
2417 # I searched for confirmation, and I found a
2418 # <a href="http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc"> press release
2419 # on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
2420 # </a>. Translated from French, it says:
2421 #
2422 # "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
2423 # and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
2424 # Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
2425 # provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
2426 # Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
2427 #
2428 # "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
2429 # the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
2430 # starting at midnight. This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
2431 # October 2005.
2432 #
2433 # "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
2434 #
2435 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
2436 # I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
2437 # last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
2438 # "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
2439 # next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
2440 #
2441 # I have found this article about it (in French):
2442 # http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
2443 #
2444 # The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
2446 # From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
2447 # Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
2450 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2451 Rule Haiti 1983 only - May 8 0:00 1:00 D
2452 Rule Haiti 1984 1987 - Apr lastSun 0:00 1:00 D
2453 Rule Haiti 1983 1987 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2454 # Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
2455 # Go with IATA.
2456 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Apr Sun>=1 1:00s 1:00 D
2457 Rule Haiti 1988 1997 - Oct lastSun 1:00s 0 S
2458 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2459 Rule Haiti 2005 2006 - Oct lastSun 0:00 0 S
2460 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2461 Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 - LMT 1890
2462 -4:49 - PPMT 1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
2463 -5:00 Haiti E%sT
2465 # Honduras
2466 # Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
2468 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
2469 # worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
2470 # saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
2471 # months until September. La Tribuna reported today
2472 # <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
2473 # of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
2475 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
2476 # It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
2477 # 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
2478 # http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
2480 # From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
2481 # Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08)
2482 # <http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12>.
2483 # It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
2485 # From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
2486 # Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
2487 # published, I have located this authoritative source:
2488 # http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
2490 # From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
2491 # http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
2492 # So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
2494 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2495 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2496 Rule Hond 1987 1988 - Sep lastSun 0:00 0 S
2497 Rule Hond 2006 only - May Sun>=1 0:00 1:00 D
2498 Rule Hond 2006 only - Aug Mon>=1 0:00 0 S
2499 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2500 Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 - LMT 1921 Apr
2501 -6:00 Hond C%sT
2502 #
2503 # Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
2505 # Jamaica
2507 # From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
2508 # Follows US rules.
2510 # From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
2511 # JAMAICA 5 H BEHIND UTC
2513 # From Shanks & Pottenger:
2514 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2515 Zone America/Jamaica -5:07:12 - LMT 1890 # Kingston
2516 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2517 -5:00 - EST 1974 Apr 28 2:00
2518 -5:00 US E%sT 1984
2519 -5:00 - EST
2521 # Martinique
2522 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2523 Zone America/Martinique -4:04:20 - LMT 1890 # Fort-de-France
2524 -4:04:20 - FFMT 1911 May # Fort-de-France MT
2525 -4:00 - AST 1980 Apr 6
2526 -4:00 1:00 ADT 1980 Sep 28
2527 -4:00 - AST
2529 # Montserrat
2530 # From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2531 # In 1995 volcanic eruptions forced evacuation of Plymouth, the capital.
2532 # world.gazetteer.com says Cork Hill is the most populous location now.
2533 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2534 Zone America/Montserrat -4:08:52 - LMT 1911 Jul 1 0:01 # Cork Hill
2535 -4:00 - AST
2537 # Nicaragua
2538 #
2539 # This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
2540 #
2541 # From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
2542 # I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
2543 # DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
2544 # expensive petroleum. The exact end date for DST is not yet
2545 # announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
2546 # Some background information is available on the President's official site:
2547 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
2548 # The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
2549 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
2550 #
2551 # From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
2552 # The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
2553 # assume that it is daylight saving....
2554 #
2555 # From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
2556 # The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
2557 # http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
2558 # and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
2559 # time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
2560 # during the Arnoldo Aleman administration."...
2561 # The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
2562 # since December 1998. I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
2563 # changes in 2000. Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
2564 # the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
2565 #
2566 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
2567 # Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
2568 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
2569 # (2005-09-26)
2570 #
2571 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
2572 # http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
2573 # (my informal translation)
2574 # By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolanos, Nicaragua
2575 # advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
2576 # morning, and will stay that way until 30.th. of september.
2577 #
2578 # From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
2579 # http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
2580 # My informal translation runs:
2581 # The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
2582 # time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
2583 #
2584 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2585 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 0:00 1:00 D
2586 Rule Nic 1979 1980 - Jun Mon>=23 0:00 0 S
2587 Rule Nic 2005 only - Apr 10 0:00 1:00 D
2588 Rule Nic 2005 only - Oct Sun>=1 0:00 0 S
2589 Rule Nic 2006 only - Apr 30 2:00 1:00 D
2590 Rule Nic 2006 only - Oct Sun>=1 1:00 0 S
2591 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2592 Zone America/Managua -5:45:08 - LMT 1890
2593 -5:45:12 - MMT 1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
2594 -6:00 - CST 1973 May
2595 -5:00 - EST 1975 Feb 16
2596 -6:00 Nic C%sT 1992 Jan 1 4:00
2597 -5:00 - EST 1992 Sep 24
2598 -6:00 - CST 1993
2599 -5:00 - EST 1997
2600 -6:00 Nic C%sT
2602 # Panama
2603 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2604 Zone America/Panama -5:18:08 - LMT 1890
2605 -5:19:36 - CMT 1908 Apr 22 # Colon Mean Time
2606 -5:00 - EST
2608 # Puerto Rico
2609 # There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use `Puerto_Rico'.
2610 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2611 Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 - LMT 1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
2612 -4:00 - AST 1942 May 3
2613 -4:00 US A%sT 1946
2614 -4:00 - AST
2616 # St Kitts-Nevis
2617 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2618 Zone America/St_Kitts -4:10:52 - LMT 1912 Mar 2 # Basseterre
2619 -4:00 - AST
2621 # St Lucia
2622 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2623 Zone America/St_Lucia -4:04:00 - LMT 1890 # Castries
2624 -4:04:00 - CMT 1912 # Castries Mean Time
2625 -4:00 - AST
2627 # St Pierre and Miquelon
2628 # There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use `Miquelon'.
2629 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2630 Zone America/Miquelon -3:44:40 - LMT 1911 May 15 # St Pierre
2631 -4:00 - AST 1980 May
2632 -3:00 - PMST 1987 # Pierre & Miquelon Time
2633 -3:00 Canada PM%sT
2635 # St Vincent and the Grenadines
2636 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2637 Zone America/St_Vincent -4:04:56 - LMT 1890 # Kingstown
2638 -4:04:56 - KMT 1912 # Kingstown Mean Time
2639 -4:00 - AST
2641 # Turks and Caicos
2642 #
2643 # From Chris Dunn in
2644 # <http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/bugreport.cgi?bug=415007>
2645 # (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
2646 # daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
2647 # the recent U.S. change of dates.
2648 #
2649 # From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
2650 # http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
2651 # there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
2652 # rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
2653 # "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
2654 # Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
2655 # indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
2656 #
2657 # From Paul Eggert (2006-05-01):
2658 # Shanks & Pottenger say they use US DST rules, but IATA SSIM (1991/1998)
2659 # says they switch at midnight. Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2660 #
2661 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
2662 Rule TC 1979 1986 - Apr lastSun 2:00 1:00 D
2663 Rule TC 1979 2006 - Oct lastSun 2:00 0 S
2664 Rule TC 1987 2006 - Apr Sun>=1 2:00 1:00 D
2665 Rule TC 2007 max - Mar Sun>=8 2:00 1:00 D
2666 Rule TC 2007 max - Nov Sun>=1 2:00 0 S
2667 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2668 Zone America/Grand_Turk -4:44:32 - LMT 1890
2669 -5:07:12 - KMT 1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
2670 -5:00 TC E%sT
2672 # British Virgin Is
2673 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2674 Zone America/Tortola -4:18:28 - LMT 1911 Jul # Road Town
2675 -4:00 - AST
2677 # Virgin Is
2678 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
2679 Zone America/St_Thomas -4:19:44 - LMT 1911 Jul # Charlotte Amalie
2680 -4:00 - AST