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  21 <title>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</title>
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  42 <div><h1 class="title">
  43 <a name="id2563174"></a>BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual</h1></div>
  44 <div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2004-2009 Internet Systems Consortium, Inc. ("ISC")</p></div>
  45 <div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2000-2003 Internet Software Consortium.</p></div>
  46 </div>
  47 <hr>
  48 </div>
  49 <div class="toc">
  50 <p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
  51 <dl>
  52 <dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html">1. Introduction</a></span></dt>
  53 <dd><dl>
  54 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2563409">Scope of Document</a></span></dt>
  55 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2564388">Organization of This Document</a></span></dt>
  56 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2564528">Conventions Used in This Document</a></span></dt>
  57 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2564641">The Domain Name System (<acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym>)</a></span></dt>
  58 <dd><dl>
  59 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2564662">DNS Fundamentals</a></span></dt>
  60 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2564696">Domains and Domain Names</a></span></dt>
  61 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2567170">Zones</a></span></dt>
  62 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2567246">Authoritative Name Servers</a></span></dt>
  63 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2567419">Caching Name Servers</a></span></dt>
  64 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html#id2567549">Name Servers in Multiple Roles</a></span></dt>
  65 </dl></dd>
  66 </dl></dd>
  67 <dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html">2. <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Resource Requirements</a></span></dt>
  68 <dd><dl>
  69 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2567584">Hardware requirements</a></span></dt>
  70 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2567610">CPU Requirements</a></span></dt>
  71 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2567623">Memory Requirements</a></span></dt>
  72 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2567854">Name Server Intensive Environment Issues</a></span></dt>
  73 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch02.html#id2567865">Supported Operating Systems</a></span></dt>
  74 </dl></dd>
  75 <dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html">3. Name Server Configuration</a></span></dt>
  76 <dd><dl>
  77 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#sample_configuration">Sample Configurations</a></span></dt>
  78 <dd><dl>
  79 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2567897">A Caching-only Name Server</a></span></dt>
  80 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2567913">An Authoritative-only Name Server</a></span></dt>
  81 </dl></dd>
  82 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2568004">Load Balancing</a></span></dt>
  83 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2568358">Name Server Operations</a></span></dt>
  84 <dd><dl>
  85 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2568363">Tools for Use With the Name Server Daemon</a></span></dt>
  86 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch03.html#id2570124">Signals</a></span></dt>
  87 </dl></dd>
  88 </dl></dd>
  89 <dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html">4. Advanced DNS Features</a></span></dt>
  90 <dd><dl>
  91 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#notify">Notify</a></span></dt>
  92 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#dynamic_update">Dynamic Update</a></span></dt>
  93 <dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#journal">The journal file</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
  94 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#incremental_zone_transfers">Incremental Zone Transfers (IXFR)</a></span></dt>
  95 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2570568">Split DNS</a></span></dt>
  96 <dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2570654">Example split DNS setup</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
  97 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#tsig">TSIG</a></span></dt>
  98 <dd><dl>
  99 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571088">Generate Shared Keys for Each Pair of Hosts</a></span></dt>
 100 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571229">Copying the Shared Secret to Both Machines</a></span></dt>
 101 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571240">Informing the Servers of the Key's Existence</a></span></dt>
 102 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571345">Instructing the Server to Use the Key</a></span></dt>
 103 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571539">TSIG Key Based Access Control</a></span></dt>
 104 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571588">Errors</a></span></dt>
 105 </dl></dd>
 106 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571602">TKEY</a></span></dt>
 107 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571651">SIG(0)</a></span></dt>
 108 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#DNSSEC">DNSSEC</a></span></dt>
 109 <dd><dl>
 110 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571719">Generating Keys</a></span></dt>
 111 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571798">Signing the Zone</a></span></dt>
 112 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2571879">Configuring Servers</a></span></dt>
 113 </dl></dd>
 114 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2572061">IPv6 Support in <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9</a></span></dt>
 115 <dd><dl>
 116 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2572328">Address Lookups Using AAAA Records</a></span></dt>
 117 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch04.html#id2572349">Address to Name Lookups Using Nibble Format</a></span></dt>
 118 </dl></dd>
 119 </dl></dd>
 120 <dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch05.html">5. The <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9 Lightweight Resolver</a></span></dt>
 121 <dd><dl>
 122 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch05.html#id2572451">The Lightweight Resolver Library</a></span></dt>
 123 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch05.html#lwresd">Running a Resolver Daemon</a></span></dt>
 124 </dl></dd>
 125 <dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html">6. <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9 Configuration Reference</a></span></dt>
 126 <dd><dl>
 127 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#configuration_file_elements">Configuration File Elements</a></span></dt>
 128 <dd><dl>
 129 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#address_match_lists">Address Match Lists</a></span></dt>
 130 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2573997">Comment Syntax</a></span></dt>
 131 </dl></dd>
 132 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#Configuration_File_Grammar">Configuration File Grammar</a></span></dt>
 133 <dd><dl>
 134 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2574515"><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 135 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#acl"><span><strong class="command">acl</strong></span> Statement Definition and
 136           Usage</a></span></dt>
 137 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2574773"><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 138 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#controls_statement_definition_and_usage"><span><strong class="command">controls</strong></span> Statement Definition and
 139           Usage</a></span></dt>
 140 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2575132"><span><strong class="command">include</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 141 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2575149"><span><strong class="command">include</strong></span> Statement Definition and
 142           Usage</a></span></dt>
 143 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2575173"><span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 144 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2575196"><span><strong class="command">key</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
 145 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2575287"><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 146 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2575413"><span><strong class="command">logging</strong></span> Statement Definition and
 147           Usage</a></span></dt>
 148 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2577480"><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 149 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2577554"><span><strong class="command">lwres</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
 150 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2577686"><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 151 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2577730"><span><strong class="command">masters</strong></span> Statement Definition and
 152           Usage</a></span></dt>
 153 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2577745"><span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 154 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#options"><span><strong class="command">options</strong></span> Statement Definition and
 155           Usage</a></span></dt>
 156 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 157 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#server_statement_definition_and_usage"><span><strong class="command">server</strong></span> Statement Definition and
 158             Usage</a></span></dt>
 159 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#statschannels"><span><strong class="command">statistics-channels</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 160 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588103"><span><strong class="command">statistics-channels</strong></span> Statement Definition and
 161             Usage</a></span></dt>
 162 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588326"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 163 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588377"><span><strong class="command">trusted-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
 164             and Usage</a></span></dt>
 165 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588424"><span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 166 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588475"><span><strong class="command">managed-keys</strong></span> Statement Definition
 167             and Usage</a></span></dt>
 168 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#view_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 169 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2588848"><span><strong class="command">view</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
 170 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zone_statement_grammar"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span>
 171             Statement Grammar</a></span></dt>
 172 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2590421"><span><strong class="command">zone</strong></span> Statement Definition and Usage</a></span></dt>
 173 </dl></dd>
 174 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2593225">Zone File</a></span></dt>
 175 <dd><dl>
 176 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#types_of_resource_records_and_when_to_use_them">Types of Resource Records and When to Use Them</a></span></dt>
 177 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2595387">Discussion of MX Records</a></span></dt>
 178 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#Setting_TTLs">Setting TTLs</a></span></dt>
 179 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2596003">Inverse Mapping in IPv4</a></span></dt>
 180 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2596130">Other Zone File Directives</a></span></dt>
 181 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#id2596403"><acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> Master File Extension: the  <span><strong class="command">$GENERATE</strong></span> Directive</a></span></dt>
 182 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#zonefile_format">Additional File Formats</a></span></dt>
 183 </dl></dd>
 184 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#statistics">BIND9 Statistics</a></span></dt>
 185 <dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch06.html#statistics_counters">Statistics Counters</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
 186 </dl></dd>
 187 <dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html">7. <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym> 9 Security Considerations</a></span></dt>
 188 <dd><dl>
 189 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#Access_Control_Lists">Access Control Lists</a></span></dt>
 190 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2601054"><span><strong class="command">Chroot</strong></span> and <span><strong class="command">Setuid</strong></span></a></span></dt>
 191 <dd><dl>
 192 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2601136">The <span><strong class="command">chroot</strong></span> Environment</a></span></dt>
 193 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#id2601195">Using the <span><strong class="command">setuid</strong></span> Function</a></span></dt>
 194 </dl></dd>
 195 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch07.html#dynamic_update_security">Dynamic Update Security</a></span></dt>
 196 </dl></dd>
 197 <dt><span class="chapter"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html">8. Troubleshooting</a></span></dt>
 198 <dd><dl>
 199 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2601275">Common Problems</a></span></dt>
 200 <dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2601281">It's not working; how can I figure out what's wrong?</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
 201 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2601292">Incrementing and Changing the Serial Number</a></span></dt>
 202 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch08.html#id2601378">Where Can I Get Help?</a></span></dt>
 203 </dl></dd>
 204 <dt><span class="appendix"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html">A. Appendices</a></span></dt>
 205 <dd><dl>
 206 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2601576">Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
 207 <dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#historical_dns_information">A Brief History of the <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> and <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt></dl></dd>
 208 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2601816">General <acronym class="acronym">DNS</acronym> Reference Information</a></span></dt>
 209 <dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#ipv6addresses">IPv6 addresses (AAAA)</a></span></dt></dl></dd>
 210 <dt><span class="sect1"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#bibliography">Bibliography (and Suggested Reading)</a></span></dt>
 211 <dd><dl>
 212 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#rfcs">Request for Comments (RFCs)</a></span></dt>
 213 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#internet_drafts">Internet Drafts</a></span></dt>
 214 <dt><span class="sect2"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch09.html#id2605028">Other Documents About <acronym class="acronym">BIND</acronym></a></span></dt>
 215 </dl></dd>
 216 </dl></dd>
 217 <dt><span class="reference"><a href="Bv9ARM.ch10.html">I. Manual pages</a></span></dt>
 218 <dd><dl>
 219 <dt>
 220 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dig.html">dig</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; DNS lookup utility</span>
 221 </dt>
 222 <dt>
 223 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.host.html">host</a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; DNS lookup utility</span>
 224 </dt>
 225 <dt>
 226 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-dsfromkey.html"><span class="application">dnssec-dsfromkey</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; DNSSEC DS RR generation tool</span>
 227 </dt>
 228 <dt>
 229 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-keyfromlabel.html"><span class="application">dnssec-keyfromlabel</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; DNSSEC key generation tool</span>
 230 </dt>
 231 <dt>
 232 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-keygen.html"><span class="application">dnssec-keygen</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; DNSSEC key generation tool</span>
 233 </dt>
 234 <dt>
 235 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-revoke.html"><span class="application">dnssec-revoke</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; Set the REVOKED bit on a DNSSEC key</span>
 236 </dt>
 237 <dt>
 238 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-settime.html"><span class="application">dnssec-settime</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; Set the key timing metadata for a DNSSEC key</span>
 239 </dt>
 240 <dt>
 241 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.dnssec-signzone.html"><span class="application">dnssec-signzone</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; DNSSEC zone signing tool</span>
 242 </dt>
 243 <dt>
 244 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named-checkconf.html"><span class="application">named-checkconf</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; named configuration file syntax checking tool</span>
 245 </dt>
 246 <dt>
 247 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named-checkzone.html"><span class="application">named-checkzone</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; zone file validity checking or converting tool</span>
 248 </dt>
 249 <dt>
 250 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named.html"><span class="application">named</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; Internet domain name server</span>
 251 </dt>
 252 <dt>
 253 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.named-journalprint.html"><span class="application">named-journalprint</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; print zone journal in human-readable form</span>
 254 </dt>
 255 <dt>
 256 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.nsupdate.html"><span class="application">nsupdate</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; Dynamic DNS update utility</span>
 257 </dt>
 258 <dt>
 259 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.rndc.html"><span class="application">rndc</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; name server control utility</span>
 260 </dt>
 261 <dt>
 262 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.rndc.conf.html"><code class="filename">rndc.conf</code></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; rndc configuration file</span>
 263 </dt>
 264 <dt>
 265 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.rndc-confgen.html"><span class="application">rndc-confgen</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; rndc key generation tool</span>
 266 </dt>
 267 <dt>
 268 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.ddns-confgen.html"><span class="application">ddns-confgen</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; ddns key generation tool</span>
 269 </dt>
 270 <dt>
 271 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.arpaname.html"><span class="application">arpaname</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; translate IP addresses to the corresponding ARPA names</span>
 272 </dt>
 273 <dt>
 274 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.genrandom.html"><span class="application">genrandom</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; generate a file containing random data</span>
 275 </dt>
 276 <dt>
 277 <span class="refentrytitle"><a href="man.nsec3hash.html"><span class="application">nsec3hash</span></a></span><span class="refpurpose"> &#8212; generate NSEC3 hash</span>
 278 </dt>
 279 </dl></dd>
 280 </dl>
 281 </div>
 282 </div>
 283 <div class="navfooter">
 284 <hr>
 285 <table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer">
 286 <tr>
 287 <td width="40%" align="left"> </td>
 288 <td width="20%" align="center"> </td>
 289 <td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="Bv9ARM.ch01.html">Next</a>
 290 </td>
 291 </tr>
 292 <tr>
 293 <td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td>
 294 <td width="20%" align="center"> </td>
 295 <td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 1. Introduction</td>
 296 </tr>
 297 </table>
 298 </div>
 299 </body>
 300 </html>