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[netbsd-mini2440.git] / sbin / routed / if.c
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1 /* $NetBSD: if.c,v 1.27 2008/12/28 20:15:21 christos Exp $ */
3 /*
4 * Copyright (c) 1983, 1993
5 * The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved.
7 * Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
8 * modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions
9 * are met:
10 * 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
11 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
12 * 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
13 * notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the
14 * documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
15 * 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software
16 * must display the following acknowledgment:
17 * This product includes software developed by the University of
18 * California, Berkeley and its contributors.
19 * 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors
20 * may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software
21 * without specific prior written permission.
23 * THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND
24 * ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
25 * IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
26 * ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE
27 * FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
28 * DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS
29 * OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION)
30 * HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT
31 * LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY
32 * OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
33 * SUCH DAMAGE.
36 #include "defs.h"
37 #include "pathnames.h"
39 #ifdef __NetBSD__
40 __RCSID("$NetBSD: if.c,v 1.27 2008/12/28 20:15:21 christos Exp $");
41 #elif defined(__FreeBSD__)
42 __RCSID("$FreeBSD$");
43 #else
44 __RCSID("Revision: 2.27 ");
45 #ident "Revision: 2.27 "
46 #endif
48 struct interface *ifnet; /* all interfaces */
50 /* hash table for all interfaces, big enough to tolerate ridiculous
51 * numbers of IP aliases. Crazy numbers of aliases such as 7000
52 * still will not do well, but not just in looking up interfaces
53 * by name or address.
55 #define AHASH_LEN 211 /* must be prime */
56 #define AHASH(a) &ahash_tbl[(a)%AHASH_LEN]
57 struct interface *ahash_tbl[AHASH_LEN];
59 #define BHASH_LEN 211 /* must be prime */
60 #define BHASH(a) &bhash_tbl[(a)%BHASH_LEN]
61 struct interface *bhash_tbl[BHASH_LEN];
63 struct interface *remote_if; /* remote interfaces */
65 /* hash for physical interface names.
66 * Assume there are never more 100 or 200 real interfaces, and that
67 * aliases are put on the end of the hash chains.
69 #define NHASH_LEN 97
70 struct interface *nhash_tbl[NHASH_LEN];
72 int tot_interfaces; /* # of remote and local interfaces */
73 int rip_interfaces; /* # of interfaces doing RIP */
74 int foundloopback; /* valid flag for loopaddr */
75 naddr loopaddr; /* our address on loopback */
76 struct rt_spare loop_rts;
78 struct timeval ifinit_timer;
79 static struct timeval last_ifinit;
80 #define IF_RESCAN_DELAY() (last_ifinit.tv_sec == now.tv_sec \
81 && last_ifinit.tv_usec == now.tv_usec \
82 && timercmp(&ifinit_timer, &now, >))
84 int have_ripv1_out; /* have a RIPv1 interface */
85 int have_ripv1_in;
88 static struct interface**
89 nhash(char *p)
91 u_int i;
93 for (i = 0; *p != '\0'; p++) {
94 i = ((i<<1) & 0x7fffffff) | ((i>>31) & 1);
95 i ^= *p;
97 return &nhash_tbl[i % NHASH_LEN];
101 /* Link a new interface into the lists and hash tables.
103 void
104 if_link(struct interface *ifp)
106 struct interface **hifp;
108 ifp->int_prev = &ifnet;
109 ifp->int_next = ifnet;
110 if (ifnet != 0)
111 ifnet->int_prev = &ifp->int_next;
112 ifnet = ifp;
114 hifp = AHASH(ifp->int_addr);
115 ifp->int_ahash_prev = hifp;
116 if ((ifp->int_ahash = *hifp) != 0)
117 (*hifp)->int_ahash_prev = &ifp->int_ahash;
118 *hifp = ifp;
120 if (ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) {
121 hifp = BHASH(ifp->int_brdaddr);
122 ifp->int_bhash_prev = hifp;
123 if ((ifp->int_bhash = *hifp) != 0)
124 (*hifp)->int_bhash_prev = &ifp->int_bhash;
125 *hifp = ifp;
128 if (ifp->int_state & IS_REMOTE) {
129 ifp->int_rlink_prev = &remote_if;
130 ifp->int_rlink = remote_if;
131 if (remote_if != 0)
132 remote_if->int_rlink_prev = &ifp->int_rlink;
133 remote_if = ifp;
136 hifp = nhash(ifp->int_name);
137 if (ifp->int_state & IS_ALIAS) {
138 /* put aliases on the end of the hash chain */
139 while (*hifp != 0)
140 hifp = &(*hifp)->int_nhash;
142 ifp->int_nhash_prev = hifp;
143 if ((ifp->int_nhash = *hifp) != 0)
144 (*hifp)->int_nhash_prev = &ifp->int_nhash;
145 *hifp = ifp;
149 /* Find the interface with an address
151 struct interface *
152 ifwithaddr(naddr addr,
153 int bcast, /* notice IFF_BROADCAST address */
154 int remote) /* include IS_REMOTE interfaces */
156 struct interface *ifp, *possible = 0;
158 remote = (remote == 0) ? IS_REMOTE : 0;
160 for (ifp = *AHASH(addr); ifp; ifp = ifp->int_ahash) {
161 if (ifp->int_addr != addr)
162 continue;
163 if ((ifp->int_state & remote) != 0)
164 continue;
165 if ((ifp->int_state & (IS_BROKE | IS_PASSIVE)) == 0)
166 return ifp;
167 possible = ifp;
170 if (possible || !bcast)
171 return possible;
173 for (ifp = *BHASH(addr); ifp; ifp = ifp->int_bhash) {
174 if (ifp->int_brdaddr != addr)
175 continue;
176 if ((ifp->int_state & remote) != 0)
177 continue;
178 if ((ifp->int_state & (IS_BROKE | IS_PASSIVE)) == 0)
179 return ifp;
180 possible = ifp;
183 return possible;
187 /* find the interface with a name
189 struct interface *
190 ifwithname(char *name, /* "ec0" or whatever */
191 naddr addr) /* 0 or network address */
193 struct interface *ifp;
195 for (;;) {
196 for (ifp = *nhash(name); ifp != 0; ifp = ifp->int_nhash) {
197 /* If the network address is not specified,
198 * ignore any alias interfaces. Otherwise, look
199 * for the interface with the target name and address.
201 if (!strcmp(ifp->int_name, name)
202 && ((addr == 0 && !(ifp->int_state & IS_ALIAS))
203 || (ifp->int_addr == addr)))
204 return ifp;
207 /* If there is no known interface, maybe there is a
208 * new interface. So just once look for new interfaces.
210 if (IF_RESCAN_DELAY())
211 return 0;
212 ifinit();
217 struct interface *
218 ifwithindex(u_short ifindex,
219 int rescan_ok)
221 struct interface *ifp;
223 for (;;) {
224 for (ifp = ifnet; 0 != ifp; ifp = ifp->int_next) {
225 if (ifp->int_index == ifindex)
226 return ifp;
229 /* If there is no known interface, maybe there is a
230 * new interface. So just once look for new interfaces.
232 if (!rescan_ok
233 || IF_RESCAN_DELAY())
234 return 0;
235 ifinit();
240 /* Find an interface from which the specified address
241 * should have come from. Used for figuring out which
242 * interface a packet came in on.
244 struct interface *
245 iflookup(naddr addr)
247 struct interface *ifp, *maybe;
248 int once = 0;
250 maybe = 0;
251 for (;;) {
252 for (ifp = ifnet; ifp; ifp = ifp->int_next) {
253 if (ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT) {
254 /* finished with a match */
255 if (ifp->int_dstaddr == addr)
256 return ifp;
258 } else {
259 /* finished with an exact match */
260 if (ifp->int_addr == addr)
261 return ifp;
263 /* Look for the longest approximate match.
265 if (on_net(addr, ifp->int_net, ifp->int_mask)
266 && (maybe == 0
267 || ifp->int_mask > maybe->int_mask))
268 maybe = ifp;
272 if (maybe != 0 || once || IF_RESCAN_DELAY())
273 return maybe;
274 once = 1;
276 /* If there is no known interface, maybe there is a
277 * new interface. So just once look for new interfaces.
279 ifinit();
284 /* Return the classical netmask for an IP address.
286 naddr /* host byte order */
287 std_mask(naddr addr) /* network byte order */
289 addr = ntohl(addr); /* was a host, not a network */
291 if (addr == 0) /* default route has mask 0 */
292 return 0;
293 if (IN_CLASSA(addr))
294 return IN_CLASSA_NET;
295 if (IN_CLASSB(addr))
296 return IN_CLASSB_NET;
297 return IN_CLASSC_NET;
301 /* Find the netmask that would be inferred by RIPv1 listeners
302 * on the given interface for a given network.
303 * If no interface is specified, look for the best fitting interface.
305 naddr
306 ripv1_mask_net(naddr addr, /* in network byte order */
307 struct interface *ifp) /* as seen on this interface */
309 struct r1net *r1p;
310 naddr mask = 0;
312 if (addr == 0) /* default always has 0 mask */
313 return mask;
315 if (ifp != 0 && ifp->int_ripv1_mask != HOST_MASK) {
316 /* If the target network is that of the associated interface
317 * on which it arrived, then use the netmask of the interface.
319 if (on_net(addr, ifp->int_net, ifp->int_std_mask))
320 mask = ifp->int_ripv1_mask;
322 } else {
323 /* Examine all interfaces, and if it the target seems
324 * to have the same network number of an interface, use the
325 * netmask of that interface. If there is more than one
326 * such interface, prefer the interface with the longest
327 * match.
329 for (ifp = ifnet; ifp != 0; ifp = ifp->int_next) {
330 if (on_net(addr, ifp->int_std_net, ifp->int_std_mask)
331 && ifp->int_ripv1_mask > mask
332 && ifp->int_ripv1_mask != HOST_MASK)
333 mask = ifp->int_ripv1_mask;
338 /* check special definitions */
339 if (mask == 0) {
340 for (r1p = r1nets; r1p != 0; r1p = r1p->r1net_next) {
341 if (on_net(addr, r1p->r1net_net, r1p->r1net_match)
342 && r1p->r1net_mask > mask)
343 mask = r1p->r1net_mask;
346 /* Otherwise, make the classic A/B/C guess.
348 if (mask == 0)
349 mask = std_mask(addr);
352 return mask;
356 naddr
357 ripv1_mask_host(naddr addr, /* in network byte order */
358 struct interface *ifp) /* as seen on this interface */
360 naddr mask = ripv1_mask_net(addr, ifp);
363 /* If the computed netmask does not mask the address,
364 * then assume it is a host address
366 if ((ntohl(addr) & ~mask) != 0)
367 mask = HOST_MASK;
368 return mask;
372 /* See if a IP address looks reasonable as a destination
374 int /* 0=bad */
375 check_dst(naddr addr)
377 addr = ntohl(addr);
379 if (IN_CLASSA(addr)) {
380 if (addr == 0)
381 return 1; /* default */
383 addr >>= IN_CLASSA_NSHIFT;
384 return (addr != 0 && addr != IN_LOOPBACKNET);
387 return (IN_CLASSB(addr) || IN_CLASSC(addr));
391 /* See a new interface duplicates an existing interface.
393 struct interface *
394 check_dup(naddr addr, /* IP address, so network byte order */
395 naddr dstaddr, /* ditto */
396 naddr mask, /* mask, so host byte order */
397 int if_flags)
399 struct interface *ifp;
401 for (ifp = ifnet; 0 != ifp; ifp = ifp->int_next) {
402 if (ifp->int_mask != mask)
403 continue;
405 if (!iff_up(ifp->int_if_flags))
406 continue;
408 /* The local address can only be shared with a point-to-point
409 * link.
411 if ((!(ifp->int_state & IS_REMOTE) || !(if_flags & IS_REMOTE))
412 && ifp->int_addr == addr
413 && (((if_flags|ifp->int_if_flags) & IFF_POINTOPOINT) == 0))
414 return ifp;
416 if (on_net(ifp->int_dstaddr, ntohl(dstaddr),mask))
417 return ifp;
419 return 0;
423 /* See that a remote gateway is reachable.
424 * Note that the answer can change as real interfaces come and go.
426 int /* 0=bad */
427 check_remote(struct interface *ifp)
429 struct rt_entry *rt;
431 /* do not worry about other kinds */
432 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_REMOTE))
433 return 1;
435 rt = rtfind(ifp->int_addr);
436 if (rt != 0
437 && rt->rt_ifp != 0
438 &&on_net(ifp->int_addr,
439 rt->rt_ifp->int_net, rt->rt_ifp->int_mask))
440 return 1;
442 /* the gateway cannot be reached directly from one of our
443 * interfaces
445 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE)) {
446 msglog("unreachable gateway %s in "_PATH_GATEWAYS,
447 naddr_ntoa(ifp->int_addr));
448 if_bad(ifp);
450 return 0;
454 /* Delete an interface.
456 static void
457 ifdel(struct interface *ifp)
459 struct ip_mreq m;
460 struct interface *ifp1;
463 trace_if("Del", ifp);
465 ifp->int_state |= IS_BROKE;
467 /* unlink the interface
469 *ifp->int_prev = ifp->int_next;
470 if (ifp->int_next != 0)
471 ifp->int_next->int_prev = ifp->int_prev;
472 *ifp->int_ahash_prev = ifp->int_ahash;
473 if (ifp->int_ahash != 0)
474 ifp->int_ahash->int_ahash_prev = ifp->int_ahash_prev;
475 *ifp->int_nhash_prev = ifp->int_nhash;
476 if (ifp->int_nhash != 0)
477 ifp->int_nhash->int_nhash_prev = ifp->int_nhash_prev;
478 if (ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) {
479 *ifp->int_bhash_prev = ifp->int_bhash;
480 if (ifp->int_bhash != 0)
481 ifp->int_bhash->int_bhash_prev = ifp->int_bhash_prev;
483 if (ifp->int_state & IS_REMOTE) {
484 *ifp->int_rlink_prev = ifp->int_rlink;
485 if (ifp->int_rlink != 0)
486 ifp->int_rlink->int_rlink_prev = ifp->int_rlink_prev;
489 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_ALIAS)) {
490 /* delete aliases when the main interface dies
492 for (ifp1 = ifnet; 0 != ifp1; ifp1 = ifp1->int_next) {
493 if (ifp1 != ifp
494 && !strcmp(ifp->int_name, ifp1->int_name))
495 ifdel(ifp1);
498 if ((ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_MULTICAST)
499 #ifdef MCAST_PPP_BUG
500 && !(ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
501 #endif
502 && rip_sock >= 0) {
503 m.imr_multiaddr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_RIP_GROUP);
504 #ifdef MCAST_IFINDEX
505 m.imr_interface.s_addr = htonl(ifp->int_index);
506 #else
507 m.imr_interface.s_addr = ((ifp->int_if_flags
508 & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
509 ? ifp->int_dstaddr
510 : ifp->int_addr);
511 #endif
512 if (setsockopt(rip_sock,IPPROTO_IP,IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP,
513 &m, sizeof(m)) < 0
514 && errno != EADDRNOTAVAIL
515 && !TRACEACTIONS)
516 LOGERR("setsockopt(IP_DROP_MEMBERSHIP RIP)");
517 if (rip_sock_mcast == ifp)
518 rip_sock_mcast = 0;
520 if (ifp->int_rip_sock >= 0) {
521 (void)close(ifp->int_rip_sock);
522 ifp->int_rip_sock = -1;
523 fix_select();
526 tot_interfaces--;
527 if (!IS_RIP_OFF(ifp->int_state))
528 rip_interfaces--;
530 /* Zap all routes associated with this interface.
531 * Assume routes just using gateways beyond this interface
532 * will timeout naturally, and have probably already died.
534 (void)rn_walktree(rhead, walk_bad, 0);
536 set_rdisc_mg(ifp, 0);
537 if_bad_rdisc(ifp);
540 free(ifp);
544 /* Mark an interface ill.
546 void
547 if_sick(struct interface *ifp)
549 if (0 == (ifp->int_state & (IS_SICK | IS_BROKE))) {
550 ifp->int_state |= IS_SICK;
551 ifp->int_act_time = NEVER;
552 trace_if("Chg", ifp);
554 LIM_SEC(ifinit_timer, now.tv_sec+CHECK_BAD_INTERVAL);
559 /* Mark an interface dead.
561 void
562 if_bad(struct interface *ifp)
564 struct interface *ifp1;
567 if (ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE)
568 return;
570 LIM_SEC(ifinit_timer, now.tv_sec+CHECK_BAD_INTERVAL);
572 ifp->int_state |= (IS_BROKE | IS_SICK);
573 ifp->int_act_time = NEVER;
574 ifp->int_query_time = NEVER;
575 ifp->int_data.ts = now.tv_sec;
577 trace_if("Chg", ifp);
579 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_ALIAS)) {
580 for (ifp1 = ifnet; 0 != ifp1; ifp1 = ifp1->int_next) {
581 if (ifp1 != ifp
582 && !strcmp(ifp->int_name, ifp1->int_name))
583 if_bad(ifp1);
585 (void)rn_walktree(rhead, walk_bad, 0);
586 if_bad_rdisc(ifp);
591 /* Mark an interface alive
593 int /* 1=it was dead */
594 if_ok(struct interface *ifp,
595 const char *type)
597 struct interface *ifp1;
600 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE)) {
601 if (ifp->int_state & IS_SICK) {
602 trace_act("%sinterface %s to %s working better",
603 type,
604 ifp->int_name, naddr_ntoa(ifp->int_dstaddr));
605 ifp->int_state &= ~IS_SICK;
607 return 0;
610 msglog("%sinterface %s to %s restored",
611 type, ifp->int_name, naddr_ntoa(ifp->int_dstaddr));
612 ifp->int_state &= ~(IS_BROKE | IS_SICK);
613 ifp->int_data.ts = 0;
615 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_ALIAS)) {
616 for (ifp1 = ifnet; 0 != ifp1; ifp1 = ifp1->int_next) {
617 if (ifp1 != ifp
618 && !strcmp(ifp->int_name, ifp1->int_name))
619 if_ok(ifp1, type);
621 if_ok_rdisc(ifp);
624 if (ifp->int_state & IS_REMOTE) {
625 if (!addrouteforif(ifp))
626 return 0;
628 return 1;
632 /* disassemble routing message
634 void
635 rt_xaddrs(struct rt_addrinfo *info,
636 struct sockaddr *sa,
637 struct sockaddr *lim,
638 int addrs)
640 int i;
641 #ifdef _HAVE_SA_LEN
642 static struct sockaddr sa_zero;
643 #endif
644 #ifdef sgi
645 #define ROUNDUP(a) ((a) > 0 ? (1 + (((a) - 1) | (sizeof(__uint64_t) - 1))) \
646 : sizeof(__uint64_t))
647 #else
648 #define ROUNDUP(a) ((a) > 0 ? (1 + (((a) - 1) | (sizeof(long) - 1))) \
649 : sizeof(long))
650 #endif
653 memset(info, 0, sizeof(*info));
654 info->rti_addrs = addrs;
655 for (i = 0; i < RTAX_MAX && sa < lim; i++) {
656 if ((addrs & (1 << i)) == 0)
657 continue;
658 #ifdef _HAVE_SA_LEN
659 info->rti_info[i] = (sa->sa_len != 0) ? sa : &sa_zero;
660 sa = (struct sockaddr *)((char*)(sa)
661 + ROUNDUP(sa->sa_len));
662 #else
663 info->rti_info[i] = sa;
664 sa = (struct sockaddr *)((char*)(sa)
665 + ROUNDUP(_FAKE_SA_LEN_DST(sa)));
666 #endif
671 /* Find the network interfaces which have configured themselves.
672 * This must be done regularly, if only for extra addresses
673 * that come and go on interfaces.
675 void
676 ifinit(void)
678 static char *sysctl_buf;
679 static size_t sysctl_buf_size = 0;
680 uint complaints = 0;
681 static u_int prev_complaints = 0;
682 # define COMP_NOT_INET 0x001
683 # define COMP_NOADDR 0x002
684 # define COMP_BADADDR 0x004
685 # define COMP_NODST 0x008
686 # define COMP_NOBADR 0x010
687 # define COMP_NOMASK 0x020
688 # define COMP_DUP 0x040
689 # define COMP_BAD_METRIC 0x080
690 # define COMP_NETMASK 0x100
692 struct interface ifs, ifs0, *ifp, *ifp1;
693 struct rt_entry *rt;
694 size_t needed;
695 int mib[6];
696 struct if_msghdr *ifm;
697 struct ifa_msghdr *ifam, *ifam_lim, *ifam2;
698 int in, ierr, out, oerr;
699 struct intnet *intnetp;
700 struct rt_addrinfo info;
701 #ifdef SIOCGIFMETRIC
702 struct ifreq ifr;
703 #endif
706 last_ifinit = now;
707 ifinit_timer.tv_sec = now.tv_sec + (supplier
708 ? CHECK_ACT_INTERVAL
709 : CHECK_QUIET_INTERVAL);
711 /* mark all interfaces so we can get rid of those that disappear */
712 for (ifp = ifnet; 0 != ifp; ifp = ifp->int_next)
713 ifp->int_state &= ~(IS_CHECKED | IS_DUP);
715 /* Fetch the interface list, without too many system calls
716 * since we do it repeatedly.
718 mib[0] = CTL_NET;
719 mib[1] = PF_ROUTE;
720 mib[2] = 0;
721 mib[3] = AF_INET;
722 mib[4] = NET_RT_IFLIST;
723 mib[5] = 0;
724 for (;;) {
725 if ((needed = sysctl_buf_size) != 0) {
726 if (sysctl(mib, 6, sysctl_buf,&needed, 0, 0) >= 0)
727 break;
728 /* retry if the table grew */
729 if (errno != ENOMEM && errno != EFAULT)
730 BADERR(1, "ifinit: sysctl(RT_IFLIST)");
731 free(sysctl_buf);
732 needed = 0;
734 if (sysctl(mib, 6, 0, &needed, 0, 0) < 0)
735 BADERR(1,"ifinit: sysctl(RT_IFLIST) estimate");
736 sysctl_buf = rtmalloc(sysctl_buf_size = needed,
737 "ifinit sysctl");
740 ifam_lim = (struct ifa_msghdr *)(sysctl_buf + needed);
741 for (ifam = (struct ifa_msghdr *)sysctl_buf;
742 ifam < ifam_lim;
743 ifam = ifam2) {
745 ifam2 = (struct ifa_msghdr*)((char*)ifam + ifam->ifam_msglen);
747 #ifdef RTM_OIFINFO
748 if (ifam->ifam_type == RTM_OIFINFO)
749 continue; /* just ignore compat message */
750 #endif
751 if (ifam->ifam_type == RTM_IFINFO) {
752 const struct sockaddr_dl *sdl;
754 ifm = (struct if_msghdr *)ifam;
755 /* make prototype structure for the IP aliases
757 memset(&ifs0, 0, sizeof(ifs0));
758 ifs0.int_rip_sock = -1;
759 ifs0.int_index = ifm->ifm_index;
760 ifs0.int_if_flags = ifm->ifm_flags;
761 ifs0.int_state = IS_CHECKED;
762 ifs0.int_query_time = NEVER;
763 ifs0.int_act_time = now.tv_sec;
764 ifs0.int_data.ts = now.tv_sec;
765 ifs0.int_data.ipackets = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_ipackets;
766 ifs0.int_data.ierrors = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_ierrors;
767 ifs0.int_data.opackets = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_opackets;
768 ifs0.int_data.oerrors = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_oerrors;
769 #ifdef sgi
770 ifs0.int_data.odrops = ifm->ifm_data.ifi_odrops;
771 #endif
772 sdl = (const struct sockaddr_dl *)(ifm + 1);
773 /* NUL-termination by memset, above. */
774 memcpy(ifs0.int_name, sdl->sdl_data,
775 MIN(sizeof(ifs0.int_name) - 1, sdl->sdl_nlen));
776 continue;
778 if (ifam->ifam_type != RTM_NEWADDR) {
779 logbad(1,"ifinit: out of sync");
780 continue;
782 rt_xaddrs(&info, (struct sockaddr *)(ifam+1),
783 (struct sockaddr *)ifam2,
784 ifam->ifam_addrs);
786 /* Prepare for the next address of this interface, which
787 * will be an alias.
788 * Do not output RIP or Router-Discovery packets via aliases.
790 memcpy(&ifs, &ifs0, sizeof(ifs));
791 ifs0.int_state |= (IS_ALIAS | IS_NO_RIP_OUT | IS_NO_RDISC);
793 if (INFO_IFA(&info) == 0) {
794 if (iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags)) {
795 if (!(prev_complaints & COMP_NOADDR))
796 msglog("%s has no address",
797 ifs.int_name);
798 complaints |= COMP_NOADDR;
800 continue;
802 if (INFO_IFA(&info)->sa_family != AF_INET) {
803 if (iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags)) {
804 if (!(prev_complaints & COMP_NOT_INET))
805 trace_act("%s: not AF_INET",
806 ifs.int_name);
807 complaints |= COMP_NOT_INET;
809 continue;
812 ifs.int_addr = S_ADDR(INFO_IFA(&info));
814 if (ntohl(ifs.int_addr)>>24 == 0
815 || ntohl(ifs.int_addr)>>24 == 0xff) {
816 if (iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags)) {
817 if (!(prev_complaints & COMP_BADADDR))
818 msglog("%s has a bad address",
819 ifs.int_name);
820 complaints |= COMP_BADADDR;
822 continue;
825 if (ifs.int_if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK) {
826 ifs.int_state |= IS_PASSIVE | IS_NO_RIP | IS_NO_RDISC;
827 ifs.int_dstaddr = ifs.int_addr;
828 ifs.int_mask = HOST_MASK;
829 ifs.int_ripv1_mask = HOST_MASK;
830 ifs.int_std_mask = std_mask(ifs.int_dstaddr);
831 ifs.int_net = ntohl(ifs.int_dstaddr);
832 if (!foundloopback) {
833 foundloopback = 1;
834 loopaddr = ifs.int_addr;
835 loop_rts.rts_gate = loopaddr;
836 loop_rts.rts_router = loopaddr;
839 } else if (ifs.int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT) {
840 if (INFO_BRD(&info) == 0
841 || INFO_BRD(&info)->sa_family != AF_INET) {
842 if (iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags)) {
843 if (!(prev_complaints & COMP_NODST))
844 msglog("%s has a bad"
845 " destination address",
846 ifs.int_name);
847 complaints |= COMP_NODST;
849 continue;
851 ifs.int_dstaddr = S_ADDR(INFO_BRD(&info));
852 if (ntohl(ifs.int_dstaddr)>>24 == 0
853 || ntohl(ifs.int_dstaddr)>>24 == 0xff) {
854 if (iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags)) {
855 if (!(prev_complaints & COMP_NODST))
856 msglog("%s has a bad"
857 " destination address",
858 ifs.int_name);
859 complaints |= COMP_NODST;
861 continue;
863 ifs.int_mask = HOST_MASK;
864 ifs.int_ripv1_mask = ntohl(S_ADDR(INFO_MASK(&info)));
865 ifs.int_std_mask = std_mask(ifs.int_dstaddr);
866 ifs.int_net = ntohl(ifs.int_dstaddr);
868 } else {
869 if (INFO_MASK(&info) == 0) {
870 if (iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags)) {
871 if (!(prev_complaints & COMP_NOMASK))
872 msglog("%s has no netmask",
873 ifs.int_name);
874 complaints |= COMP_NOMASK;
876 continue;
878 ifs.int_dstaddr = ifs.int_addr;
879 ifs.int_mask = ntohl(S_ADDR(INFO_MASK(&info)));
880 ifs.int_ripv1_mask = ifs.int_mask;
881 ifs.int_std_mask = std_mask(ifs.int_addr);
882 ifs.int_net = ntohl(ifs.int_addr) & ifs.int_mask;
883 if (ifs.int_mask != ifs.int_std_mask)
884 ifs.int_state |= IS_SUBNET;
886 if (ifs.int_if_flags & IFF_BROADCAST) {
887 if (INFO_BRD(&info) == 0) {
888 if (iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags)) {
889 if (!(prev_complaints
890 & COMP_NOBADR))
891 msglog("%s has"
892 "no broadcast address",
893 ifs.int_name);
894 complaints |= COMP_NOBADR;
896 continue;
898 ifs.int_brdaddr = S_ADDR(INFO_BRD(&info));
901 ifs.int_std_net = ifs.int_net & ifs.int_std_mask;
902 ifs.int_std_addr = htonl(ifs.int_std_net);
904 /* Use a minimum metric of one. Treat the interface metric
905 * (default 0) as an increment to the hop count of one.
907 * The metric obtained from the routing socket dump of
908 * interface addresses is wrong. It is not set by the
909 * SIOCSIFMETRIC ioctl.
911 #ifdef SIOCGIFMETRIC
912 strncpy(ifr.ifr_name, ifs.int_name, sizeof(ifr.ifr_name));
913 if (ioctl(rt_sock, SIOCGIFMETRIC, &ifr) < 0) {
914 DBGERR(1, "ioctl(SIOCGIFMETRIC)");
915 ifs.int_metric = 0;
916 } else {
917 ifs.int_metric = ifr.ifr_metric;
919 #else
920 ifs.int_metric = ifam->ifam_metric;
921 #endif
922 if (ifs.int_metric > HOPCNT_INFINITY) {
923 ifs.int_metric = 0;
924 if (!(prev_complaints & COMP_BAD_METRIC)
925 && iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags)) {
926 complaints |= COMP_BAD_METRIC;
927 msglog("%s has a metric of %d",
928 ifs.int_name, ifs.int_metric);
932 /* See if this is a familiar interface.
933 * If so, stop worrying about it if it is the same.
934 * Start it over if it now is to somewhere else, as happens
935 * frequently with PPP and SLIP.
937 ifp = ifwithname(ifs.int_name, ((ifs.int_state & IS_ALIAS)
938 ? ifs.int_addr
939 : 0));
940 if (ifp != 0) {
941 ifp->int_state |= IS_CHECKED;
943 if (0 != ((ifp->int_if_flags ^ ifs.int_if_flags)
944 & (IFF_BROADCAST
945 | IFF_LOOPBACK
946 | IFF_POINTOPOINT
947 | IFF_MULTICAST))
948 || 0 != ((ifp->int_state ^ ifs.int_state)
949 & IS_ALIAS)
950 || ifp->int_addr != ifs.int_addr
951 || ifp->int_brdaddr != ifs.int_brdaddr
952 || ifp->int_dstaddr != ifs.int_dstaddr
953 || ifp->int_mask != ifs.int_mask
954 || ifp->int_metric != ifs.int_metric) {
955 /* Forget old information about
956 * a changed interface.
958 trace_act("interface %s has changed",
959 ifp->int_name);
960 ifdel(ifp);
961 ifp = 0;
965 if (ifp != 0) {
966 /* The primary representative of an alias worries
967 * about how things are working.
969 if (ifp->int_state & IS_ALIAS)
970 continue;
972 /* note interfaces that have been turned off
974 if (!iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags)) {
975 if (iff_up(ifp->int_if_flags)) {
976 msglog("interface %s to %s turned off",
977 ifp->int_name,
978 naddr_ntoa(ifp->int_dstaddr));
979 if_bad(ifp);
980 ifp->int_if_flags &= ~IFF_UP;
981 } else if (now.tv_sec>(ifp->int_data.ts
982 + CHECK_BAD_INTERVAL)) {
983 trace_act("interface %s has been off"
984 " %lld seconds; forget it",
985 ifp->int_name,
986 (long long)now.tv_sec -
987 ifp->int_data.ts);
988 ifdel(ifp);
989 ifp = 0;
991 continue;
993 /* or that were off and are now ok */
994 if (!iff_up(ifp->int_if_flags)) {
995 ifp->int_if_flags |= IFF_UP;
996 (void)if_ok(ifp, "");
999 /* If it has been long enough,
1000 * see if the interface is broken.
1002 if (now.tv_sec < ifp->int_data.ts+CHECK_BAD_INTERVAL)
1003 continue;
1005 in = ifs.int_data.ipackets - ifp->int_data.ipackets;
1006 ierr = ifs.int_data.ierrors - ifp->int_data.ierrors;
1007 out = ifs.int_data.opackets - ifp->int_data.opackets;
1008 oerr = ifs.int_data.oerrors - ifp->int_data.oerrors;
1009 #ifdef sgi
1010 /* Through at least IRIX 6.2, PPP and SLIP
1011 * count packets dropped by the filters.
1012 * But FDDI rings stuck non-operational count
1013 * dropped packets as they wait for improvement.
1015 if (!(ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT))
1016 oerr += (ifs.int_data.odrops
1017 - ifp->int_data.odrops);
1018 #endif
1019 /* If the interface just awoke, restart the counters.
1021 if (ifp->int_data.ts == 0) {
1022 ifp->int_data = ifs.int_data;
1023 continue;
1025 ifp->int_data = ifs.int_data;
1027 /* Withhold judgment when the short error
1028 * counters wrap or the interface is reset.
1030 if (ierr < 0 || in < 0 || oerr < 0 || out < 0) {
1031 LIM_SEC(ifinit_timer,
1032 now.tv_sec+CHECK_BAD_INTERVAL);
1033 continue;
1036 /* Withhold judgement when there is no traffic
1038 if (in == 0 && out == 0 && ierr == 0 && oerr == 0)
1039 continue;
1041 /* It is bad if input or output is not working.
1042 * Require presistent problems before marking it dead.
1044 if ((in <= ierr && ierr > 0)
1045 || (out <= oerr && oerr > 0)) {
1046 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_SICK)) {
1047 trace_act("interface %s to %s"
1048 " sick: in=%d ierr=%d"
1049 " out=%d oerr=%d",
1050 ifp->int_name,
1051 naddr_ntoa(ifp->int_dstaddr),
1052 in, ierr, out, oerr);
1053 if_sick(ifp);
1054 continue;
1056 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE)) {
1057 msglog("interface %s to %s broken:"
1058 " in=%d ierr=%d out=%d oerr=%d",
1059 ifp->int_name,
1060 naddr_ntoa(ifp->int_dstaddr),
1061 in, ierr, out, oerr);
1062 if_bad(ifp);
1064 continue;
1067 /* otherwise, it is active and healthy
1069 ifp->int_act_time = now.tv_sec;
1070 (void)if_ok(ifp, "");
1071 continue;
1074 /* This is a new interface.
1075 * If it is dead, forget it.
1077 if (!iff_up(ifs.int_if_flags))
1078 continue;
1080 /* If it duplicates an existing interface,
1081 * complain about it, mark the other one
1082 * duplicated, and forget this one.
1084 ifp = check_dup(ifs.int_addr,ifs.int_dstaddr,ifs.int_mask,
1085 ifs.int_if_flags);
1086 if (ifp != 0) {
1087 /* Ignore duplicates of itself, caused by having
1088 * IP aliases on the same network.
1090 if (!strcmp(ifp->int_name, ifs.int_name))
1091 continue;
1093 if (!(prev_complaints & COMP_DUP)) {
1094 complaints |= COMP_DUP;
1095 msglog("%s (%s%s%s) is duplicated by"
1096 " %s (%s%s%s)",
1097 ifs.int_name,
1098 addrname(ifs.int_addr,ifs.int_mask,1),
1099 ((ifs.int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
1100 ? "-->" : ""),
1101 ((ifs.int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
1102 ? naddr_ntoa(ifs.int_dstaddr) : ""),
1103 ifp->int_name,
1104 addrname(ifp->int_addr,ifp->int_mask,1),
1105 ((ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
1106 ? "-->" : ""),
1107 ((ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
1108 ? naddr_ntoa(ifp->int_dstaddr) : ""));
1110 ifp->int_state |= IS_DUP;
1111 continue;
1114 if (0 == (ifs.int_if_flags & (IFF_POINTOPOINT | IFF_BROADCAST))
1115 && !(ifs.int_state & IS_PASSIVE)) {
1116 trace_act("%s is neither broadcast, point-to-point,"
1117 " nor loopback",
1118 ifs.int_name);
1119 if (!(ifs.int_state & IFF_MULTICAST))
1120 ifs.int_state |= IS_NO_RDISC;
1124 /* It is new and ok. Add it to the list of interfaces
1126 ifp = (struct interface *)rtmalloc(sizeof(*ifp), "ifinit ifp");
1127 memcpy(ifp, &ifs, sizeof(*ifp));
1128 get_parms(ifp);
1129 if_link(ifp);
1130 trace_if("Add", ifp);
1132 /* Notice likely bad netmask.
1134 if (!(prev_complaints & COMP_NETMASK)
1135 && !(ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
1136 && ifp->int_addr != RIP_DEFAULT) {
1137 for (ifp1 = ifnet; 0 != ifp1; ifp1 = ifp1->int_next) {
1138 if (ifp1->int_mask == ifp->int_mask)
1139 continue;
1140 if (ifp1->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
1141 continue;
1142 if (ifp1->int_dstaddr == RIP_DEFAULT)
1143 continue;
1144 /* ignore aliases on the right network */
1145 if (!strcmp(ifp->int_name, ifp1->int_name))
1146 continue;
1147 if (on_net(ifp->int_dstaddr,
1148 ifp1->int_net, ifp1->int_mask)
1149 || on_net(ifp1->int_dstaddr,
1150 ifp->int_net, ifp->int_mask)) {
1151 msglog("possible netmask problem"
1152 " between %s:%s and %s:%s",
1153 ifp->int_name,
1154 addrname(htonl(ifp->int_net),
1155 ifp->int_mask, 1),
1156 ifp1->int_name,
1157 addrname(htonl(ifp1->int_net),
1158 ifp1->int_mask, 1));
1159 complaints |= COMP_NETMASK;
1164 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_ALIAS)) {
1165 /* Count the # of directly connected networks.
1167 if (!(ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_LOOPBACK))
1168 tot_interfaces++;
1169 if (!IS_RIP_OFF(ifp->int_state))
1170 rip_interfaces++;
1172 /* turn on router discovery and RIP If needed */
1173 if_ok_rdisc(ifp);
1174 rip_on(ifp);
1178 /* If we are multi-homed and have at least two interfaces
1179 * listening to RIP, then output by default.
1181 if (!supplier_set && rip_interfaces > 1)
1182 set_supplier();
1184 /* If we are multi-homed, optionally advertise a route to
1185 * our main address.
1187 if ((advertise_mhome && ifp)
1188 || (tot_interfaces > 1
1189 && mhome
1190 && (ifp = ifwithaddr(myaddr, 0, 0)) != 0
1191 && foundloopback)) {
1192 advertise_mhome = 1;
1193 rt = rtget(myaddr, HOST_MASK);
1194 if (rt != 0) {
1195 if (rt->rt_ifp != ifp
1196 || rt->rt_router != loopaddr) {
1197 rtdelete(rt);
1198 rt = 0;
1199 } else {
1200 loop_rts.rts_ifp = ifp;
1201 loop_rts.rts_metric = 0;
1202 loop_rts.rts_time = rt->rt_time;
1203 rtchange(rt, rt->rt_state | RS_MHOME,
1204 &loop_rts, 0);
1207 if (rt == 0) {
1208 loop_rts.rts_ifp = ifp;
1209 loop_rts.rts_metric = 0;
1210 rtadd(myaddr, HOST_MASK, RS_MHOME, &loop_rts);
1214 for (ifp = ifnet; ifp != 0; ifp = ifp1) {
1215 ifp1 = ifp->int_next; /* because we may delete it */
1217 /* Forget any interfaces that have disappeared.
1219 if (!(ifp->int_state & (IS_CHECKED | IS_REMOTE))) {
1220 trace_act("interface %s has disappeared",
1221 ifp->int_name);
1222 ifdel(ifp);
1223 continue;
1226 if ((ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE)
1227 && !(ifp->int_state & IS_PASSIVE))
1228 LIM_SEC(ifinit_timer, now.tv_sec+CHECK_BAD_INTERVAL);
1230 /* If we ever have a RIPv1 interface, assume we always will.
1231 * It might come back if it ever goes away.
1233 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_NO_RIPV1_OUT) && supplier)
1234 have_ripv1_out = 1;
1235 if (!(ifp->int_state & IS_NO_RIPV1_IN))
1236 have_ripv1_in = 1;
1239 for (ifp = ifnet; ifp != 0; ifp = ifp->int_next) {
1240 /* Ensure there is always a network route for interfaces,
1241 * after any dead interfaces have been deleted, which
1242 * might affect routes for point-to-point links.
1244 if (!addrouteforif(ifp))
1245 continue;
1247 /* Add routes to the local end of point-to-point interfaces
1248 * using loopback.
1250 if ((ifp->int_if_flags & IFF_POINTOPOINT)
1251 && !(ifp->int_state & IS_REMOTE)
1252 && foundloopback) {
1253 /* Delete any routes to the network address through
1254 * foreign routers. Remove even static routes.
1256 del_static(ifp->int_addr, HOST_MASK, 0, 0);
1257 rt = rtget(ifp->int_addr, HOST_MASK);
1258 if (rt != 0 && rt->rt_router != loopaddr) {
1259 rtdelete(rt);
1260 rt = 0;
1262 if (rt != 0) {
1263 if (!(rt->rt_state & RS_LOCAL)
1264 || rt->rt_metric > ifp->int_metric) {
1265 ifp1 = ifp;
1266 } else {
1267 ifp1 = rt->rt_ifp;
1269 loop_rts.rts_ifp = ifp1;
1270 loop_rts.rts_metric = 0;
1271 loop_rts.rts_time = rt->rt_time;
1272 rtchange(rt, ((rt->rt_state & ~RS_NET_SYN)
1273 | (RS_IF|RS_LOCAL)),
1274 &loop_rts, 0);
1275 } else {
1276 loop_rts.rts_ifp = ifp;
1277 loop_rts.rts_metric = 0;
1278 rtadd(ifp->int_addr, HOST_MASK,
1279 (RS_IF | RS_LOCAL), &loop_rts);
1284 /* add the authority routes */
1285 for (intnetp = intnets; intnetp!=0; intnetp = intnetp->intnet_next) {
1286 rt = rtget(intnetp->intnet_addr, intnetp->intnet_mask);
1287 if (rt != 0
1288 && !(rt->rt_state & RS_NO_NET_SYN)
1289 && !(rt->rt_state & RS_NET_INT)) {
1290 rtdelete(rt);
1291 rt = 0;
1293 if (rt == 0) {
1294 loop_rts.rts_ifp = 0;
1295 loop_rts.rts_metric = intnetp->intnet_metric-1;
1296 rtadd(intnetp->intnet_addr, intnetp->intnet_mask,
1297 RS_NET_SYN | RS_NET_INT, &loop_rts);
1301 prev_complaints = complaints;
1305 static void
1306 check_net_syn(struct interface *ifp)
1308 struct rt_entry *rt;
1309 static struct rt_spare new;
1312 /* Turn on the need to automatically synthesize a network route
1313 * for this interface only if we are running RIPv1 on some other
1314 * interface that is on a different class-A,B,or C network.
1316 if (have_ripv1_out || have_ripv1_in) {
1317 ifp->int_state |= IS_NEED_NET_SYN;
1318 rt = rtget(ifp->int_std_addr, ifp->int_std_mask);
1319 if (rt != 0
1320 && 0 == (rt->rt_state & RS_NO_NET_SYN)
1321 && (!(rt->rt_state & RS_NET_SYN)
1322 || rt->rt_metric > ifp->int_metric)) {
1323 rtdelete(rt);
1324 rt = 0;
1326 if (rt == 0) {
1327 new.rts_ifp = ifp;
1328 new.rts_gate = ifp->int_addr;
1329 new.rts_router = ifp->int_addr;
1330 new.rts_metric = ifp->int_metric;
1331 rtadd(ifp->int_std_addr, ifp->int_std_mask,
1332 RS_NET_SYN, &new);
1335 } else {
1336 ifp->int_state &= ~IS_NEED_NET_SYN;
1338 rt = rtget(ifp->int_std_addr,
1339 ifp->int_std_mask);
1340 if (rt != 0
1341 && (rt->rt_state & RS_NET_SYN)
1342 && rt->rt_ifp == ifp)
1343 rtbad_sub(rt);
1348 /* Add route for interface if not currently installed.
1349 * Create route to other end if a point-to-point link,
1350 * otherwise a route to this (sub)network.
1352 int /* 0=bad interface */
1353 addrouteforif(struct interface *ifp)
1355 struct rt_entry *rt;
1356 static struct rt_spare new;
1357 naddr dst;
1360 /* skip sick interfaces
1362 if (ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE)
1363 return 0;
1365 /* If the interface on a subnet, then install a RIPv1 route to
1366 * the network as well (unless it is sick).
1368 if (ifp->int_state & IS_SUBNET)
1369 check_net_syn(ifp);
1371 dst = (0 != (ifp->int_if_flags & (IFF_POINTOPOINT | IFF_LOOPBACK))
1372 ? ifp->int_dstaddr
1373 : htonl(ifp->int_net));
1375 new.rts_ifp = ifp;
1376 new.rts_router = ifp->int_addr;
1377 new.rts_gate = ifp->int_addr;
1378 new.rts_metric = ifp->int_metric;
1379 new.rts_time = now.tv_sec;
1381 /* If we are going to send packets to the gateway,
1382 * it must be reachable using our physical interfaces
1384 if ((ifp->int_state & IS_REMOTE)
1385 && !(ifp->int_state & IS_EXTERNAL)
1386 && !check_remote(ifp))
1387 return 0;
1389 /* We are finished if the correct main interface route exists.
1390 * The right route must be for the right interface, not synthesized
1391 * from a subnet, be a "gateway" or not as appropriate, and so forth.
1393 del_static(dst, ifp->int_mask, 0, 0);
1394 rt = rtget(dst, ifp->int_mask);
1395 if (rt != 0) {
1396 if ((rt->rt_ifp != ifp
1397 || rt->rt_router != ifp->int_addr)
1398 && (!(ifp->int_state & IS_DUP)
1399 || rt->rt_ifp == 0
1400 || (rt->rt_ifp->int_state & IS_BROKE))) {
1401 rtdelete(rt);
1402 rt = 0;
1403 } else {
1404 rtchange(rt, ((rt->rt_state | RS_IF)
1405 & ~(RS_NET_SYN | RS_LOCAL)),
1406 &new, 0);
1409 if (rt == 0) {
1410 if (ifp->int_transitions++ > 0)
1411 trace_act("re-install interface %s",
1412 ifp->int_name);
1414 rtadd(dst, ifp->int_mask, RS_IF, &new);
1417 return 1;