1 .\" $OpenBSD: rum.4,v 1.17 2006/10/22 08:29:01 damien Exp $
2 .\" $NetBSD: rum.4,v 1.4 2007/02/06 23:42:34 wiz Exp $
4 .\" Copyright (c) 2005, 2006
5 .\" Damien Bergamini <damien.bergamini@free.fr>
7 .\" Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any
8 .\" purpose with or without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above
9 .\" copyright notice and this permission notice appear in all copies.
11 .\" THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND THE AUTHOR DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
12 .\" WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
13 .\" MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR
14 .\" ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
15 .\" WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
16 .\" ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF
17 .\" OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
24 .Nd Ralink Technology USB IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless network device
26 .Cd "rum* at uhub? port ?"
30 driver supports USB 2.0 wireless adapters based on the Ralink RT2501USB
31 and RT2601USB chipsets.
33 The RT2501USB chipset is the second generation of 802.11a/b/g adapters from
35 It consists of two integrated chips, an RT2571W MAC/BBP and an RT2528 or
36 RT5226 radio transceiver.
38 The RT2601USB chipset consists of two integrated chips, an RT2671 MAC/BBP and
39 an RT2527 or RT5225 radio transceiver.
40 This chipset uses the MIMO (multiple-input multiple-output) technology with
41 multiple antennas to extend the operating range of the adapter and to achieve
43 MIMO is the basis of the forthcoming IEEE 802.11n standard.
45 These are the modes the
47 driver can operate in:
48 .Bl -tag -width "IBSS-masterXX"
52 mode, this is used when associating with an access point, through
53 which all traffic passes.
54 This mode is the default.
61 This is the standardized method of operating without an access point.
62 Stations associate with a service set.
63 However, actual connections between stations are peer-to-peer.
65 In this mode the driver acts as an access point (base station)
68 In this mode the driver is able to receive packets without
69 associating with an access point.
70 This disables the internal receive filter and enables the card to
71 capture packets from networks which it wouldn't normally have access to,
72 or to scan for access points.
76 supports software WEP.
77 Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is the de facto encryption standard
78 for wireless networks.
79 It can be typically configured in one of three modes:
80 no encryption; 40-bit encryption; or 104-bit encryption.
81 Unfortunately, due to serious weaknesses in WEP protocol
82 it is strongly recommended that it not be used as the
83 sole mechanism to secure wireless communication.
84 WEP is not enabled by default.
88 driver can be configured at runtime with
92 using the following parameters:
95 Set the desired BSSID.
97 Unset the desired BSSID.
98 The interface will automatically select a BSSID in this mode, which is
101 Set the channel (radio frequency) to be used by the driver based on
105 Unset the desired channel to be used by the driver.
106 The driver will automatically select a channel in this mode, which is
108 .It Cm media Ar media
111 driver supports the following
115 .Bl -tag -width autoselect -compact
117 Enable autoselection of the media type and options.
119 Set 802.11b DS 1Mbps operation.
121 Set 802.11b DS 2Mbps operation.
123 Set 802.11b DS 5.5Mbps operation.
125 Set 802.11b DS 11Mbps operation.
127 Set 802.11a/g OFDM 6Mbps operation.
129 Set 802.11a/g OFDM 9Mbps operation.
131 Set 802.11a/g OFDM 12Mbps operation.
133 Set 802.11a/g OFDM 18Mbps operation.
135 Set 802.11a/g OFDM 24Mbps operation.
137 Set 802.11a/g OFDM 36Mbps operation.
139 Set 802.11a/g OFDM 48Mbps operation.
141 Set 802.11a/g OFDM 54Mbps operation.
143 .It Cm mediaopt Ar opts
146 driver supports the following media options:
148 .Bl -tag -width monitor -compact
150 Select Host AP operation.
152 Select IBSS operation.
156 .It Fl mediaopt Ar opts
157 Disable the specified media options on the driver and return it to the
158 default mode of operation (BSS).
162 driver supports the following modes:
164 .Bl -tag -width 11b -compact
166 Force 802.11a operation.
168 Force 802.11b operation.
170 Force 802.11g operation.
176 can either be any text string up to 32 characters in length,
177 or a series of hexadecimal digits up to 64 digits.
180 string allows the interface to connect to any available access points.
183 driver uses an empty string.
184 Note that network ID is synonymous with Extended Service Set ID (ESSID).
186 Enable WEP encryption using the specified
190 can either be a string, a series of hexadecimal digits (preceded by
192 or a set of keys of the form
196 specifies which of the keys will be used for transmitted packets,
201 are configured as WEP keys.
202 If a set of keys is specified, a comma
204 within the key must be escaped with a backslash.
205 Note that if multiple keys are used, their order must be the same within
208 is capable of using both 40-bit (5 characters or 10 hexadecimal digits)
209 or 104-bit (13 characters or 26 hexadecimal digits) keys.
211 Disable WEP encryption.
212 This is the default mode of operation.
215 The following firmware file is loaded when an interface is brought up:
217 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
218 .It /libdata/firmware/rum/rum-rt2573
222 for how to change this.
224 The following adapters should work:
226 .Bl -tag -width Ds -offset indent -compact
227 .It Airlink101 AWLL5025
228 .It ASUS WL-167g ver 2
229 .It Belkin F5D7050 ver 3
230 .It Belkin F5D9050 ver 3
231 .It CNet CWD-854 ver F
232 .It Conceptronic C54RU ver 2
233 .It D-Link DWL-G122 rev C1
235 .It Edimax EW-7318USG
236 .It Gigabyte GN-WB01GS
238 .It LevelOne WNC-0301USB
239 .It Linksys WUSB54G rev C
242 .It Sitecom WL-113 ver 2
244 .It TP-LINK TL-WN321G
249 example configures rum0 to join whatever network is available on boot,
253 .Bd -literal -offset indent
254 inet 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 nwkey 0x1deadbeef1 chan 11
259 example creates a host-based access point on boot:
260 .Bd -literal -offset indent
261 inet 192.168.1.1 netmask 255.255.255.0 media autoselect \e
262 mediaopt hostap nwid my_net chan 11
265 Configure rum0 for WEP, using hex key
267 .Bd -literal -offset indent
268 # ifconfig rum0 nwkey 0x1deadbeef1
271 Return rum0 to its default settings:
272 .Bd -literal -offset indent
273 # ifconfig rum0 -bssid -chan media autoselect \e
277 Join an existing BSS network,
279 .Bd -literal -offset indent
280 # ifconfig rum0 192.168.1.1 netmask 0xffffff00 nwid my_net
284 .It "rum%d: failed loadfirmware of file %s"
285 For some reason, the driver was unable to read the microcode file from the
287 The file might be missing or corrupted.
288 .It "rum%d: could not load 8051 microcode"
289 An error occurred while attempting to upload the microcode to the onboard 8051
290 microcontroller unit.
291 .It "rum%d: device timeout"
292 A frame dispatched to the hardware for transmission did not complete in time.
293 The driver will reset the hardware.
294 This should not happen.
307 .Pa http://www.ralinktech.com
311 driver first appeared in
318 driver was written by
319 .An Niall O'Higgins Aq niallo@openbsd.org
321 .An Damien Bergamini Aq damien@openbsd.org .
325 driver supports automatic control of the transmit speed in BSS mode only.
326 Therefore the use of a
328 adapter in Host AP mode is discouraged.