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1 .\" $NetBSD: boot.8,v 1.5 2003/06/30 11:53:22 wiz Exp $
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30 .\" @(#)boot_sparc.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/19/94
31 .\"
32 .Dd April 29, 2003
33 .Dt BOOT 8 sun2
34 .Os
35 .Sh NAME
36 .Nm boot
37 .Nd system bootstrapping procedures
38 .Sh SYNOPSIS
39 .Nm b
40 .Oo
41 .Ar dev
42 .Oo Pq Ar cntrl , unit , part
43 .Oc
44 .Oc
45 .Op Ar file
46 .Op Fl adqsv
47 .Sh DESCRIPTION
48 .Ss Power fail and crash recovery
49 Normally, the system will reboot itself at power-up or after crashes.
50 An automatic consistency check of the file systems will be performed
51 as described in
52 .Xr fsck 8 ,
53 and unless this fails, the system will resume multi-user operations.
54 .Ss Selecting the device and kernel to boot
55 Normally, the
56 .Nm b
57 command alone is sufficient to boot the system, as the PROM chooses
58 a default boot device
59 .Ar dev
60 if none is specified.
61 The PROM chooses the first device present on
62 the system from the following ordered list:
63 .Pp
64 .Bd -unfilled -offset indent -compact
65 sd SCSI disk
66 ie Intel Ethernet
67 ec 3Com Ethernet
68 .Ed
69 .Pp
70 Unless specified, the controller number
71 .Ar cntrl ,
72 unit number
73 .Ar unit ,
74 and partition number
75 .Ar part
76 default to zero, which is almost always correct.
77 .Pp
78 The controller number can
79 be specified if there is more than one of the given device in the system.
80 For example, use
81 .Dq ie(1,,)
82 to boot off of the second Intel Ethernet in the system.
83 .Pp
84 The unit number specifies one of the many devices attached to a
85 controller.
86 The exact meaning and values vary depending on the device name.
87 For example,
88 .Dq sd(,18,)
89 boots the disk at target 6 on the first SCSI controller, 18 being the target
90 number 6, multiplied by 4, and given in hexadecimal.
91 .Pp
92 The partition number specifies one of the many partitions on a device.
93 The exact meaning and values vary depending on the device name.
94 For example,
95 .Dq sd(,18,1)
96 boots the second partition on the disk at target 6 on the first SCSI
97 controller.
98 .Pp
99 The PROM only loads a first-stage boot program, currently either
100 .Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx
101 (for a disk boot), or
102 .Pa /usr/mdec/bootyy
103 (for a network boot).
104 This first-stage boot program then loads the
105 second-stage boot program from the same device, currently either
106 .Pa /usr/mdec/ufsboot
107 (for a disk boot), or
108 .Pa /usr/mdec/netboot
109 (for a network boot).
110 .Pp
111 The second-stage boot program will then attempt to load the kernel named
112 .Ar file
113 (or
114 .Pa vmunix
115 if none is specified).
116 The second-stage disk boot program
117 .Pa /usr/mdec/ufsboot
118 loads the kernel from the same device that it was loaded from,
119 while the second-stage network boot program
120 .Pa /usr/mdec/netboot
121 will load the kernel
122 from the NFS root as determined by the procedure described in
123 .Xr diskless 8 .
124 .Ss Boot program options
125 .Bl -tag -width xxx
126 .It Fl a
127 Prompt for the root file system device, the system crash dump
128 device, and the path to
129 .Xr init 8 .
130 .It Fl d
131 Bring the system up in debug mode.
132 Here it waits for a kernel debugger connect; see
133 .Xr ddb 4 .
134 .It Fl q
135 Boot the system in quiet mode.
136 .It Fl s
137 Bring the system up in single-user mode.
138 .It Fl v
139 Boot the system in verbose mode.
140 .El
141 .Pp
142 Other flags are currently ignored.
143 .Pp
144 At any time you can break back to the ROM by pressing the
145 .Sq L1
146 and
147 .Sq a
148 keys at the same time (if the console is a serial port the same is
149 achieved by sending a
150 .Sq break ) .
151 If you do this accidentally you can continue whatever was in progress
152 by typing
153 .Sq c
154 followed by the return key.
155 .Sh FILES
156 .Bl -tag -width /usr/mdec/installbootXX -compact
157 .It Pa /netbsd
158 system code
159 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootxx
160 first-level boot block for disks
161 .It Pa /usr/mdec/bootyy
162 first-level boot block for NFS (diskless) boot
163 .It Pa /usr/mdec/netboot
164 boot program for NFS (diskless) boot
165 .It Pa /usr/mdec/ufsboot
166 second-level boot program for UFS disks
167 .It Pa /usr/sbin/installboot
168 program to install bootxx on a disk
169 .El
170 .Sh SEE ALSO
171 .\" .Xr crash 8 ,
172 .Xr disklabel 8 ,
173 .Xr fsck 8 ,
174 .Xr halt 8 ,
175 .Xr init 8 ,
176 .Xr rc 8 ,
177 .Xr shutdown 8 ,
178 .Xr syslogd 8