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30 .\" from: @(#)pwd_mkdb.8 8.2 (Berkeley) 4/27/95
37 .Nd generate the password databases
50 style secure and insecure databases for the specified file.
51 These databases are then installed into
56 The file is installed into
57 .Dq Pa /etc/master.passwd .
58 The file must be in the correct format (see
60 It is important to note that the format used in this system is
61 different from the historic Version 7 style format.
63 The options are as follows:
66 Store data in big-endian format (see also
69 Specify the size of the memory cache in megabytes used by the
71 On systems with a large user base, a small cache size can lead to
72 prohibitively long database file rebuild times.
73 As a rough guide, the memory usage of
75 in megabytes will be a little bit more than twice the figure
77 If unspecified, this value will be calculated based on the size of
78 the input file up to a maximum of 8 megabytes.
80 Change the root directory of the generated files from
85 Store data in little-endian format (see also
88 Create a Version 7 style password file and install it into
91 Update the secure database only.
92 This is useful when only encrypted passwords have changed.
93 This option negates the effect of any
97 Don't re-build the database files, but instead modify or add entries
98 for the specified user only.
99 This option may only be used when the line number and user name in
100 the password file have not changed, or when adding a new user from
101 the last line in the password file.
103 Upgrade or downgrade databases to the numbered version.
106 is the old format (up to and including
108 with the 4 byte time fields and version
110 is the new format with the 8 byte time fields (greater than
118 can read and write both version
123 By default the databases stay in the version they were before the command
126 Mention when a version change occurs.
128 Print a warning if the system is using old style databases.
131 The two databases differ in that the secure version contains the user's
132 encrypted password and the insecure version has an asterisk
135 The databases are used by the C library password routines (see
139 exits zero on success, non-zero on failure.
141 .Bl -tag -width Pa -compact
142 .It Pa /etc/master.passwd
143 The current password file.
145 A Version 7 format password file.
147 The insecure password database file.
148 .It Pa /etc/pwd.db.tmp
151 The secure password database file.
152 .It Pa /etc/spwd.db.tmp
168 Previous versions of the system had a program similar to
172 style databases for the password file but depended on the calling programs
174 The program was renamed in order that previous users of the program
175 not be surprised by the changes in functionality.
177 Because of the necessity for atomic update of the password files,
182 This, however, requires that the file specified on the command line live
183 on the same file system as the
187 There are the obvious races with multiple people running
189 on different password files at the same time.
198 handle the locking necessary to avoid this problem.
200 The database files are copied when the
203 Real locking would make this unnecessary.
205 Although the DB format is endian-transparent, the data stored in
207 Also, the format doesn't lend itself to insertion or removal of
208 records from arbitrary locations in the password file.
209 This is difficult to fix without breaking compatibility.
213 option on a system where multiple users share the same UID can have