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940 9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
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978 A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
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1026 A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
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1028 conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
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1039 or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
1041 Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
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1045 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
1047 If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
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1057 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
1059 Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
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1066 combination as such.
1068 14. Revised Versions of this License.
1070 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
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1072 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
1073 address new problems or concerns.
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1094 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
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1100 THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
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1105 16. Limitation of Liability.
1107 IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
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1117 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
1119 If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
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1126 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
1128 How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
1130 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
1131 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
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1134 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
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1139 <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
1140 Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
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1145 (at your option) any later version.
1147 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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1150 GNU General Public License for more details.
1152 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
1153 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
1155 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
1157 If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
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1160 <program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
1161 This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
1162 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
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1165 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
1166 parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
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1169 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
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1171 For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
1172 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
1174 The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
1175 into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
1176 may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
1177 the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
1178 Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
1179 <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
1181 -------------------------------------------------------------------------
1183 GNU Free Documentation License
1184 Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
1187 Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
1189 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
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1216 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
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1256 A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
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1288 the Document to the public.
1290 A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
1291 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
1292 text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
1293 specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements",
1294 "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title"
1295 of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
1296 section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
1298 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
1299 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
1300 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
1301 License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
1302 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
1303 no effect on the meaning of this License.
1307 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
1308 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
1309 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
1310 to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no
1311 other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
1312 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
1313 copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
1314 compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
1315 number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
1317 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
1318 you may publicly display copies.
1321 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
1323 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
1324 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
1325 Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
1326 copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
1327 Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
1328 the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
1329 you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
1330 the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
1331 visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
1332 Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
1333 the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
1334 as verbatim copying in other respects.
1336 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
1337 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
1338 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
1341 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
1342 more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
1343 copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
1344 a computer-network location from which the general network-using
1345 public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
1346 a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
1347 If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
1348 when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
1349 that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
1350 location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
1351 Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
1352 edition to the public.
1354 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
1355 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
1356 give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
1362 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
1363 the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
1364 the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
1365 Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
1366 and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
1367 of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
1369 A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
1370 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
1371 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
1372 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
1373 if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
1374 B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
1375 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
1376 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
1377 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
1378 unless they release you from this requirement.
1379 C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
1380 Modified Version, as the publisher.
1381 D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
1382 E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
1383 adjacent to the other copyright notices.
1384 F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
1385 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
1386 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
1387 G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
1388 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
1389 H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
1390 I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
1391 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
1392 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
1393 there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
1394 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
1395 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
1396 Version as stated in the previous sentence.
1397 J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
1398 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
1399 the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
1400 it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section.
1401 You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
1402 least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
1403 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
1404 K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
1405 Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
1406 the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
1407 and/or dedications given therein.
1408 L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
1409 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
1410 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
1411 M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
1412 may not be included in the Modified Version.
1413 N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
1414 or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
1415 O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
1417 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
1418 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
1419 copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
1420 of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
1421 list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
1422 These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
1424 You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
1425 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
1426 parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
1427 been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
1430 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
1431 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
1432 of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
1433 Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
1434 through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
1435 includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
1436 by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
1437 you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
1438 permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
1440 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
1441 give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
1442 imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
1445 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
1447 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
1448 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
1449 versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
1450 Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
1451 list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
1452 license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
1454 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
1455 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
1456 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
1457 different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
1458 adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
1459 author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
1460 Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
1461 Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
1463 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
1464 in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
1465 "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
1466 and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
1467 Entitled "Endorsements".
1470 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
1472 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
1473 documents released under this License, and replace the individual
1474 copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
1475 that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules
1476 of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all
1479 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
1480 distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
1481 copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
1482 License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
1486 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
1488 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
1489 and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
1490 distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
1491 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
1492 of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
1493 When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
1494 apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
1495 derivative works of the Document.
1497 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
1498 copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
1499 the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
1500 covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
1501 electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
1502 Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
1508 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
1509 distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
1510 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
1511 permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
1512 translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
1513 original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
1514 translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
1515 Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
1516 the original English version of this License and the original versions
1517 of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
1518 the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
1519 or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
1521 If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
1522 "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
1523 its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
1529 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
1530 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
1531 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and
1532 will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
1534 However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
1535 from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
1536 unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
1537 terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
1538 fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
1539 60 days after the cessation.
1541 Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
1542 reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
1543 violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
1544 received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
1545 copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
1546 your receipt of the notice.
1548 Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
1549 licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
1550 this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
1551 reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does
1552 not give you any rights to use it.
1555 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
1557 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the
1558 GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
1559 will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
1560 detail to address new problems or concerns. See
1561 http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
1563 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
1564 If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
1565 License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
1566 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
1567 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
1568 Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
1569 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
1570 as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document
1571 specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this
1572 License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
1573 version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the
1578 "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any
1579 World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
1580 provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A
1581 public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A
1582 "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the site
1583 means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
1585 "CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
1586 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
1587 corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
1588 California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
1589 published by that same organization.
1591 "Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in
1592 part, as part of another Document.
1594 An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this
1595 License, and if all works that were first published under this License
1596 somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or
1597 in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and
1598 (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
1600 The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
1601 under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
1602 provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
1605 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
1607 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
1608 the License in the document and put the following copyright and
1609 license notices just after the title page:
1611 Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
1612 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
1613 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
1614 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
1615 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
1616 A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
1617 Free Documentation License".
1619 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
1620 replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
1622 with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
1623 Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
1625 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
1626 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
1629 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
1630 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
1631 free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
1632 to permit their use in free software.