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2 GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
3 Version 3, 29 June 2007
5 Copyright (C) 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>
6 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
7 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
9 Preamble
11 The GNU General Public License is a free, copyleft license for
12 software and other kinds of works.
14 The licenses for most software and other practical works are designed
15 to take away your freedom to share and change the works. By contrast,
16 the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to
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18 software for all its users. We, the Free Software Foundation, use the
19 GNU General Public License for most of our software; it applies also to
20 any other work released this way by its authors. You can apply it to
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23 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
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41 Developers that use the GNU GPL protect your rights with two steps:
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72 TERMS AND CONDITIONS
74 0. Definitions.
76 "This License" refers to version 3 of the GNU General Public License.
78 "Copyright" also means copyright-like laws that apply to other kinds of
79 works, such as semiconductor masks.
81 "The Program" refers to any copyrightable work licensed under this
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90 A "covered work" means either the unmodified Program or a work based
91 on the Program.
93 To "propagate" a work means to do anything with it that, without
94 permission, would make you directly or secondarily liable for
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152 The Corresponding Source for a work in source code form is that
153 same work.
155 2. Basic Permissions.
157 All rights granted under this License are granted for the term of
158 copyright on the Program, and are irrevocable provided the stated
159 conditions are met. This License explicitly affirms your unlimited
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198 You may convey verbatim copies of the Program's source code as you
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203 keep intact all notices of the absence of any warranty; and give all
204 recipients a copy of this License along with the Program.
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234 work need not make them do so.
236 A compilation of a covered work with other separate and independent
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246 6. Conveying Non-Source Forms.
248 You may convey a covered work in object code form under the terms
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258 b) Convey the object code in, or embodied in, a physical product
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261 long as you offer spare parts or customer support for that product
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263 copy of the Corresponding Source for all the software in the
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267 conveying of source, or (2) access to copy the
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270 c) Convey individual copies of the object code with a copy of the
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274 with subsection 6b.
276 d) Convey the object code by offering access from a designated
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298 A "User Product" is either (1) a "consumer product", which means any
299 tangible personal property which is normally used for personal, family,
300 or household purposes, or (2) anything designed or sold for incorporation
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320 specifically for use in, a User Product, and the conveying occurs as
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339 in accord with this section must be in a format that is publicly
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341 source code form), and must require no special password or key for
342 unpacking, reading or copying.
344 7. Additional Terms.
346 "Additional permissions" are terms that supplement the terms of this
347 License by making exceptions from one or more of its conditions.
348 Additional permissions that are applicable to the entire Program shall
349 be treated as though they were included in this License, to the extent
350 that they are valid under applicable law. If additional permissions
351 apply only to part of the Program, that part may be used separately
352 under those permissions, but the entire Program remains governed by
353 this License without regard to the additional permissions.
355 When you convey a copy of a covered work, you may at your option
356 remove any additional permissions from that copy, or from any part of
357 it. (Additional permissions may be written to require their own
358 removal in certain cases when you modify the work.) You may place
359 additional permissions on material, added by you to a covered work,
360 for which you have or can give appropriate copyright permission.
362 Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, for material you
363 add to a covered work, you may (if authorized by the copyright holders of
364 that material) supplement the terms of this License with terms:
366 a) Disclaiming warranty or limiting liability differently from the
367 terms of sections 15 and 16 of this License; or
369 b) Requiring preservation of specified reasonable legal notices or
370 author attributions in that material or in the Appropriate Legal
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386 any liability that these contractual assumptions directly impose on
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389 All other non-permissive additional terms are considered "further
390 restrictions" within the meaning of section 10. If the Program as you
391 received it, or any part of it, contains a notice stating that it is
392 governed by this License along with a term that is a further
393 restriction, you may remove that term. If a license document contains
394 a further restriction but permits relicensing or conveying under this
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397 not survive such relicensing or conveying.
399 If you add terms to a covered work in accord with this section, you
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402 where to find the applicable terms.
404 Additional terms, permissive or non-permissive, may be stated in the
405 form of a separately written license, or stated as exceptions;
406 the above requirements apply either way.
408 8. Termination.
410 You may not propagate or modify a covered work except as expressly
411 provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to propagate or
412 modify it is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under
413 this License (including any patent licenses granted under the third
414 paragraph of section 11).
416 However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your
417 license from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a)
418 provisionally, unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and
419 finally terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright
420 holder fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means
421 prior to 60 days after the cessation.
423 Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
424 reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
425 violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
426 received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
427 copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
428 your receipt of the notice.
430 Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
431 licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
432 this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
433 reinstated, you do not qualify to receive new licenses for the same
434 material under section 10.
436 9. Acceptance Not Required for Having Copies.
438 You are not required to accept this License in order to receive or
439 run a copy of the Program. Ancillary propagation of a covered work
440 occurring solely as a consequence of using peer-to-peer transmission
441 to receive a copy likewise does not require acceptance. However,
442 nothing other than this License grants you permission to propagate or
443 modify any covered work. These actions infringe copyright if you do
444 not accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or propagating a
445 covered work, you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so.
447 10. Automatic Licensing of Downstream Recipients.
449 Each time you convey a covered work, the recipient automatically
450 receives a license from the original licensors, to run, modify and
451 propagate that work, subject to this License. You are not responsible
452 for enforcing compliance by third parties with this License.
454 An "entity transaction" is a transaction transferring control of an
455 organization, or substantially all assets of one, or subdividing an
456 organization, or merging organizations. If propagation of a covered
457 work results from an entity transaction, each party to that
458 transaction who receives a copy of the work also receives whatever
459 licenses to the work the party's predecessor in interest had or could
460 give under the previous paragraph, plus a right to possession of the
461 Corresponding Source of the work from the predecessor in interest, if
462 the predecessor has it or can get it with reasonable efforts.
464 You may not impose any further restrictions on the exercise of the
465 rights granted or affirmed under this License. For example, you may
466 not impose a license fee, royalty, or other charge for exercise of
467 rights granted under this License, and you may not initiate litigation
468 (including a cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that
469 any patent claim is infringed by making, using, selling, offering for
470 sale, or importing the Program or any portion of it.
472 11. Patents.
474 A "contributor" is a copyright holder who authorizes use under this
475 License of the Program or a work on which the Program is based. The
476 work thus licensed is called the contributor's "contributor version".
478 A contributor's "essential patent claims" are all patent claims
479 owned or controlled by the contributor, whether already acquired or
480 hereafter acquired, that would be infringed by some manner, permitted
481 by this License, of making, using, or selling its contributor version,
482 but do not include claims that would be infringed only as a
483 consequence of further modification of the contributor version. For
484 purposes of this definition, "control" includes the right to grant
485 patent sublicenses in a manner consistent with the requirements of
486 this License.
488 Each contributor grants you a non-exclusive, worldwide, royalty-free
489 patent license under the contributor's essential patent claims, to
490 make, use, sell, offer for sale, import and otherwise run, modify and
491 propagate the contents of its contributor version.
493 In the following three paragraphs, a "patent license" is any express
494 agreement or commitment, however denominated, not to enforce a patent
495 (such as an express permission to practice a patent or covenant not to
496 sue for patent infringement). To "grant" such a patent license to a
497 party means to make such an agreement or commitment not to enforce a
498 patent against the party.
500 If you convey a covered work, knowingly relying on a patent license,
501 and the Corresponding Source of the work is not available for anyone
502 to copy, free of charge and under the terms of this License, through a
503 publicly available network server or other readily accessible means,
504 then you must either (1) cause the Corresponding Source to be so
505 available, or (2) arrange to deprive yourself of the benefit of the
506 patent license for this particular work, or (3) arrange, in a manner
507 consistent with the requirements of this License, to extend the patent
508 license to downstream recipients. "Knowingly relying" means you have
509 actual knowledge that, but for the patent license, your conveying the
510 covered work in a country, or your recipient's use of the covered work
511 in a country, would infringe one or more identifiable patents in that
512 country that you have reason to believe are valid.
514 If, pursuant to or in connection with a single transaction or
515 arrangement, you convey, or propagate by procuring conveyance of, a
516 covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties
517 receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify
518 or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license
519 you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered
520 work and works based on it.
522 A patent license is "discriminatory" if it does not include within
523 the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is
524 conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are
525 specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered
526 work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is
527 in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment
528 to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying
529 the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the
530 parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory
531 patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work
532 conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily
533 for and in connection with specific products or compilations that
534 contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement,
535 or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007.
537 Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting
538 any implied license or other defenses to infringement that may
539 otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law.
541 12. No Surrender of Others' Freedom.
543 If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
544 otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
545 excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a
546 covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
547 License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may
548 not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you
549 to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey
550 the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this
551 License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program.
553 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License.
555 Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have
556 permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed
557 under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single
558 combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this
559 License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work,
560 but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License,
561 section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the
562 combination as such.
564 14. Revised Versions of this License.
566 The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of
567 the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will
568 be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
569 address new problems or concerns.
571 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the
572 Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General
573 Public License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the
574 option of following the terms and conditions either of that numbered
575 version or of any later version published by the Free Software
576 Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the
577 GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published
578 by the Free Software Foundation.
580 If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future
581 versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxy's
582 public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you
583 to choose that version for the Program.
585 Later license versions may give you additional or different
586 permissions. However, no additional obligations are imposed on any
587 author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a
588 later version.
590 15. Disclaimer of Warranty.
592 THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY
593 APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT
594 HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY
595 OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
596 THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR
597 PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM
598 IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF
599 ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
601 16. Limitation of Liability.
603 IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
604 WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS
605 THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY
606 GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE
607 USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF
608 DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD
609 PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS),
610 EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
611 SUCH DAMAGES.
613 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16.
615 If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided
616 above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms,
617 reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates
618 an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the
619 Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a
620 copy of the Program in return for a fee.
622 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
624 How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
626 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
627 possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
628 free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
630 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest
631 to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
632 state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
633 the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
635 <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
636 Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
638 This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
639 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
640 the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
641 (at your option) any later version.
643 This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
644 but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
645 MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
646 GNU General Public License for more details.
648 You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
649 along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
651 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
653 If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short
654 notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:
656 <program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>
657 This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
658 This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
659 under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
661 The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
662 parts of the General Public License. Of course, your program's commands
663 might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an "about box".
665 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school,
666 if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary.
667 For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see
668 <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
670 The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program
671 into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you
672 may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with
673 the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
674 Public License instead of this License. But first, please read
675 <http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.
677 ===================================================================
679 GNU Free Documentation License
680 Version 1.3, 3 November 2008
683 Copyright (C) 2000, 2001, 2002, 2007, 2008, 2010-2012 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
684 <http://fsf.org/>
685 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
686 of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
688 0. PREAMBLE
690 The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other
691 functional and useful document "free" in the sense of freedom: to
692 assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it,
693 with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially.
694 Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way
695 to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible
696 for modifications made by others.
698 This License is a kind of "copyleft", which means that derivative
699 works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It
700 complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft
701 license designed for free software.
703 We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free
704 software, because free software needs free documentation: a free
705 program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the
706 software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals;
707 it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or
708 whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License
709 principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.
712 1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS
714 This License applies to any manual or other work, in any medium, that
715 contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be
716 distributed under the terms of this License. Such a notice grants a
717 world-wide, royalty-free license, unlimited in duration, to use that
718 work under the conditions stated herein. The "Document", below,
719 refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a
720 licensee, and is addressed as "you". You accept the license if you
721 copy, modify or distribute the work in a way requiring permission
722 under copyright law.
724 A "Modified Version" of the Document means any work containing the
725 Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with
726 modifications and/or translated into another language.
728 A "Secondary Section" is a named appendix or a front-matter section of
729 the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the
730 publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall
731 subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall
732 directly within that overall subject. (Thus, if the Document is in
733 part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain
734 any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical
735 connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal,
736 commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding
737 them.
739 The "Invariant Sections" are certain Secondary Sections whose titles
740 are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice
741 that says that the Document is released under this License. If a
742 section does not fit the above definition of Secondary then it is not
743 allowed to be designated as Invariant. The Document may contain zero
744 Invariant Sections. If the Document does not identify any Invariant
745 Sections then there are none.
747 The "Cover Texts" are certain short passages of text that are listed,
748 as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that
749 the Document is released under this License. A Front-Cover Text may
750 be at most 5 words, and a Back-Cover Text may be at most 25 words.
752 A "Transparent" copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy,
753 represented in a format whose specification is available to the
754 general public, that is suitable for revising the document
755 straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of
756 pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available
757 drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or
758 for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input
759 to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file
760 format whose markup, or absence of markup, has been arranged to thwart
761 or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent.
762 An image format is not Transparent if used for any substantial amount
763 of text. A copy that is not "Transparent" is called "Opaque".
765 Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain
766 ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML
767 or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple
768 HTML, PostScript or PDF designed for human modification. Examples of
769 transparent image formats include PNG, XCF and JPG. Opaque formats
770 include proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by
771 proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or
772 processing tools are not generally available, and the
773 machine-generated HTML, PostScript or PDF produced by some word
774 processors for output purposes only.
776 The "Title Page" means, for a printed book, the title page itself,
777 plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material
778 this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in
779 formats which do not have any title page as such, "Title Page" means
780 the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title,
781 preceding the beginning of the body of the text.
783 The "publisher" means any person or entity that distributes copies of
784 the Document to the public.
786 A section "Entitled XYZ" means a named subunit of the Document whose
787 title either is precisely XYZ or contains XYZ in parentheses following
788 text that translates XYZ in another language. (Here XYZ stands for a
789 specific section name mentioned below, such as "Acknowledgements",
790 "Dedications", "Endorsements", or "History".) To "Preserve the Title"
791 of such a section when you modify the Document means that it remains a
792 section "Entitled XYZ" according to this definition.
794 The Document may include Warranty Disclaimers next to the notice which
795 states that this License applies to the Document. These Warranty
796 Disclaimers are considered to be included by reference in this
797 License, but only as regards disclaiming warranties: any other
798 implication that these Warranty Disclaimers may have is void and has
799 no effect on the meaning of this License.
801 2. VERBATIM COPYING
803 You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either
804 commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the
805 copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies
806 to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no
807 other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use
808 technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further
809 copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept
810 compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough
811 number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.
813 You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and
814 you may publicly display copies.
817 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY
819 If you publish printed copies (or copies in media that commonly have
820 printed covers) of the Document, numbering more than 100, and the
821 Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the
822 copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover
823 Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on
824 the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify
825 you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present
826 the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and
827 visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition.
828 Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve
829 the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated
830 as verbatim copying in other respects.
832 If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit
833 legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit
834 reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent
835 pages.
837 If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering
838 more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent
839 copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy
840 a computer-network location from which the general network-using
841 public has access to download using public-standard network protocols
842 a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material.
843 If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps,
844 when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure
845 that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated
846 location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an
847 Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that
848 edition to the public.
850 It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the
851 Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to
852 give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the
853 Document.
856 4. MODIFICATIONS
858 You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under
859 the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release
860 the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified
861 Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution
862 and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy
863 of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:
865 A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct
866 from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions
867 (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section
868 of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version
869 if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
870 B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities
871 responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified
872 Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the
873 Document (all of its principal authors, if it has fewer than five),
874 unless they release you from this requirement.
875 C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the
876 Modified Version, as the publisher.
877 D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
878 E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications
879 adjacent to the other copyright notices.
880 F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice
881 giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the
882 terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
883 G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections
884 and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
885 H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
886 I. Preserve the section Entitled "History", Preserve its Title, and add
887 to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and
888 publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If
889 there is no section Entitled "History" in the Document, create one
890 stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as
891 given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified
892 Version as stated in the previous sentence.
893 J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for
894 public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise
895 the network locations given in the Document for previous versions
896 it was based on. These may be placed in the "History" section.
897 You may omit a network location for a work that was published at
898 least four years before the Document itself, or if the original
899 publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
900 K. For any section Entitled "Acknowledgements" or "Dedications",
901 Preserve the Title of the section, and preserve in the section all
902 the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements
903 and/or dedications given therein.
904 L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document,
905 unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers
906 or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
907 M. Delete any section Entitled "Endorsements". Such a section
908 may not be included in the Modified Version.
909 N. Do not retitle any existing section to be Entitled "Endorsements"
910 or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.
911 O. Preserve any Warranty Disclaimers.
913 If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or
914 appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material
915 copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all
916 of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the
917 list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice.
918 These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.
920 You may add a section Entitled "Endorsements", provided it contains
921 nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various
922 parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has
923 been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a
924 standard.
926 You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a
927 passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list
928 of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of
929 Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or
930 through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already
931 includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or
932 by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of,
933 you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit
934 permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.
936 The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License
937 give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or
938 imply endorsement of any Modified Version.
941 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS
943 You may combine the Document with other documents released under this
944 License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified
945 versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the
946 Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and
947 list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its
948 license notice, and that you preserve all their Warranty Disclaimers.
950 The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and
951 multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single
952 copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but
953 different contents, make the title of each such section unique by
954 adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original
955 author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number.
956 Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of
957 Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.
959 In the combination, you must combine any sections Entitled "History"
960 in the various original documents, forming one section Entitled
961 "History"; likewise combine any sections Entitled "Acknowledgements",
962 and any sections Entitled "Dedications". You must delete all sections
963 Entitled "Endorsements".
966 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS
968 You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other
969 documents released under this License, and replace the individual
970 copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy
971 that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules
972 of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all
973 other respects.
975 You may extract a single document from such a collection, and
976 distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a
977 copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this
978 License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that
979 document.
982 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS
984 A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate
985 and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or
986 distribution medium, is called an "aggregate" if the copyright
987 resulting from the compilation is not used to limit the legal rights
988 of the compilation's users beyond what the individual works permit.
989 When the Document is included in an aggregate, this License does not
990 apply to the other works in the aggregate which are not themselves
991 derivative works of the Document.
993 If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these
994 copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one half of
995 the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on
996 covers that bracket the Document within the aggregate, or the
997 electronic equivalent of covers if the Document is in electronic form.
998 Otherwise they must appear on printed covers that bracket the whole
999 aggregate.
1002 8. TRANSLATION
1004 Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may
1005 distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4.
1006 Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special
1007 permission from their copyright holders, but you may include
1008 translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the
1009 original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a
1010 translation of this License, and all the license notices in the
1011 Document, and any Warranty Disclaimers, provided that you also include
1012 the original English version of this License and the original versions
1013 of those notices and disclaimers. In case of a disagreement between
1014 the translation and the original version of this License or a notice
1015 or disclaimer, the original version will prevail.
1017 If a section in the Document is Entitled "Acknowledgements",
1018 "Dedications", or "History", the requirement (section 4) to Preserve
1019 its Title (section 1) will typically require changing the actual
1020 title.
1023 9. TERMINATION
1025 You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document
1026 except as expressly provided under this License. Any attempt
1027 otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute it is void, and
1028 will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
1030 However, if you cease all violation of this License, then your license
1031 from a particular copyright holder is reinstated (a) provisionally,
1032 unless and until the copyright holder explicitly and finally
1033 terminates your license, and (b) permanently, if the copyright holder
1034 fails to notify you of the violation by some reasonable means prior to
1035 60 days after the cessation.
1037 Moreover, your license from a particular copyright holder is
1038 reinstated permanently if the copyright holder notifies you of the
1039 violation by some reasonable means, this is the first time you have
1040 received notice of violation of this License (for any work) from that
1041 copyright holder, and you cure the violation prior to 30 days after
1042 your receipt of the notice.
1044 Termination of your rights under this section does not terminate the
1045 licenses of parties who have received copies or rights from you under
1046 this License. If your rights have been terminated and not permanently
1047 reinstated, receipt of a copy of some or all of the same material does
1048 not give you any rights to use it.
1051 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE
1053 The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the
1054 GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions
1055 will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in
1056 detail to address new problems or concerns. See
1057 http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.
1059 Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number.
1060 If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this
1061 License "or any later version" applies to it, you have the option of
1062 following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or
1063 of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the
1064 Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version
1065 number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not
1066 as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document
1067 specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of this
1068 License can be used, that proxy's public statement of acceptance of a
1069 version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the
1070 Document.
1072 11. RELICENSING
1074 "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration Site" (or "MMC Site") means any
1075 World Wide Web server that publishes copyrightable works and also
1076 provides prominent facilities for anybody to edit those works. A
1077 public wiki that anybody can edit is an example of such a server. A
1078 "Massive Multiauthor Collaboration" (or "MMC") contained in the site
1079 means any set of copyrightable works thus published on the MMC site.
1081 "CC-BY-SA" means the Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 3.0
1082 license published by Creative Commons Corporation, a not-for-profit
1083 corporation with a principal place of business in San Francisco,
1084 California, as well as future copyleft versions of that license
1085 published by that same organization.
1087 "Incorporate" means to publish or republish a Document, in whole or in
1088 part, as part of another Document.
1090 An MMC is "eligible for relicensing" if it is licensed under this
1091 License, and if all works that were first published under this License
1092 somewhere other than this MMC, and subsequently incorporated in whole or
1093 in part into the MMC, (1) had no cover texts or invariant sections, and
1094 (2) were thus incorporated prior to November 1, 2008.
1096 The operator of an MMC Site may republish an MMC contained in the site
1097 under CC-BY-SA on the same site at any time before August 1, 2009,
1098 provided the MMC is eligible for relicensing.
1101 ADDENDUM: How to use this License for your documents
1103 To use this License in a document you have written, include a copy of
1104 the License in the document and put the following copyright and
1105 license notices just after the title page:
1107 Copyright (c) YEAR YOUR NAME.
1108 Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document
1109 under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.3
1110 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation;
1111 with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
1112 A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU
1113 Free Documentation License".
1115 If you have Invariant Sections, Front-Cover Texts and Back-Cover Texts,
1116 replace the "with...Texts." line with this:
1118 with the Invariant Sections being LIST THEIR TITLES, with the
1119 Front-Cover Texts being LIST, and with the Back-Cover Texts being LIST.
1121 If you have Invariant Sections without Cover Texts, or some other
1122 combination of the three, merge those two alternatives to suit the
1123 situation.
1125 If your document contains nontrivial examples of program code, we
1126 recommend releasing these examples in parallel under your choice of
1127 free software license, such as the GNU General Public License,
1128 to permit their use in free software.