1 Debugging within the FreeType sources
2 =====================================
4 I. Configuration macros
5 -----------------------
7 There are several ways to enable debugging features in a FreeType 2
8 builds. This is controlled through the definition of special macros
9 located in the file `ftoptions.h'. The macros are:
14 #define this macro if you want to compile the FT_ERROR macro calls
15 to print error messages during program execution. This will not
16 stop the program. Very useful to spot invalid fonts during
17 development and to code workarounds for them.
21 #define this macro if you want to compile both macros FT_ERROR and
22 FT_TRACE. This also includes the variants FT_TRACE0, FT_TRACE1,
23 FT_TRACE2, ..., FT_TRACE7.
25 The trace macros are used to send debugging messages when an
26 appropriate `debug level' is configured at runtime through the
27 FT2_DEBUG environment variable (more on this later).
31 If this macro is #defined, the FreeType engine is linked with a
32 small but effective debugging memory manager that tracks all
33 allocations and frees that are performed within the font engine.
35 When the FT2_DEBUG_MEMORY environment variable is defined at
36 runtime, a call to FT_Done_FreeType will dump memory statistics,
37 including the list of leaked memory blocks with the source locations
38 where these were allocated. It is always a very good idea to define
39 this in development builds. This works with _any_ program linked to
40 FreeType, but requires a big deal of memory (the debugging memory
41 manager never frees the blocks to the heap in order to detect double
44 When FT2_DEBUG_MEMORY isn't defined at runtime, the debugging memory
45 manager is ignored, and performance is unaffected.
51 Several macros can be used within the FreeType sources to help debugging
57 This macro is used to send debug messages that indicate relatively
58 serious errors (like broken font files), but will not stop the
59 execution of the running program. Its code is compiled only when
60 either FT_DEBUG_LEVEL_ERROR or FT_DEBUG_LEVEL_TRACE are defined in
63 Note that you have to use a printf-like signature, but with double
66 FT_ERROR(( "your %s is not %s\n", "foo", "bar" ));
69 2. FT_ASSERT( condition )
71 This macro is used to check strong assertions at runtime. If its
72 condition isn't TRUE, the program will abort with a panic message.
73 Its code is compiled when either FT_DEBUG_LEVEL_ERROR or
74 FT_DEBUG_LEVEL_TRACE are defined. You don't need double parentheses
77 FT_ASSERT( ptr != NULL );
80 3. FT_TRACE( level, (message...) )
82 The FT_TRACE macro is used to send general-purpose debugging
83 messages during program execution. This macro uses an *implicit*
84 macro named FT_COMPONENT used to name the current FreeType component
87 The developer should always define FT_COMPONENT as appropriate, for
91 #define FT_COMPONENT trace_io
93 The value of the FT_COMPONENT macro is an enumeration named
94 trace_XXXX where XXXX is one of the component names defined in the
95 internal file `freetype/internal/fttrace.h'. If you modify FreeType
96 source and insert new trace_XXXX macro, you must register it in
97 fttrace.h. If you insert or remove many trace macros, you can check
98 the undefined or the unused trace macro by src/tools/chktrcmp.py.
100 Each such component is assigned a `debug level', ranging from 0
101 to 7, through the use of the FT2_DEBUG environment variable
102 (described below) when a program linked with FreeType starts.
104 When FT_TRACE is called, its level is compared to the one of the
105 corresponding component. Messages with trace levels *higher* than
106 the corresponding component level are filtered and never printed.
108 This means that trace messages with level 0 are always printed,
109 those with level 2 are only printed when the component level is *at
112 The second parameter to FT_TRACE must contain parentheses and
113 correspond to a printf-like call, as in
115 FT_TRACE( 2, ( "your %s is not %s\n", "foo", "bar" ) )
117 The shortcut macros FT_TRACE0, FT_TRACE1, FT_TRACE2, ..., FT_TRACE7
118 can be used with constant level indices, and are much cleaner to
121 FT_TRACE2(( "your %s is not %s\n", "foo", "bar" ));
124 III. Environment variables
125 --------------------------
127 The following environment variables control debugging output and
128 behaviour of FreeType at runtime.
133 This variable is only used when FreeType is built with
134 FT_DEBUG_LEVEL_TRACE defined. It contains a list of component level
135 definitions, following this format:
137 component1:level1 component2:level2 component3:level3 ...
139 where `componentX' is the name of a tracing component, as defined in
140 `fttrace.h', but without the `trace_' prefix. `levelX' is the
141 corresponding level to use at runtime.
143 `any' is a special component name that will be interpreted as
144 `any/all components'. For example, the following definitions
146 set FT2_DEBUG=any:2 memory:5 io:4 (on Windows)
147 export FT2_DEBUG="any:2 memory:5 io:4" (on Linux with bash)
149 both stipulate that all components should have level 2, except for
150 the memory and io components which will be set to trace levels 5 and
156 This environment variable, when defined, tells FreeType to use a
157 debugging memory manager that will track leaking memory blocks as
158 well as other common errors like double frees. It is also capable
159 of reporting _where_ the leaking blocks were allocated, which
160 considerably saves time when debugging new additions to the library.
162 This code is only compiled when FreeType is built with the
163 FT_DEBUG_MEMORY macro #defined in `ftoption.h' though, it will be
164 ignored in other builds.
169 This variable is ignored if FT2_DEBUG_MEMORY is not defined. It
170 allows you to specify a maximum heap size for all memory allocations
171 performed by FreeType. This is very useful to test the robustness
172 of the font engine and programs that use it in tight memory
175 If it is undefined, or if its value is not strictly positive, then
176 no allocation bounds are checked at runtime.
181 This variable is ignored if FT2_DEBUG_MEMORY is not defined. It
182 allows you to specify a maximum number of memory allocations
183 performed by FreeType before returning the error
184 FT_Err_Out_Of_Memory. This is useful for debugging and testing the
187 If it is undefined, or if its value is not strictly positive, then
188 no allocation bounds are checked at runtime.
190 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
192 Copyright 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2009 by
193 David Turner, Robert Wilhelm, and Werner Lemberg.
195 This file is part of the FreeType project, and may only be used,
196 modified, and distributed under the terms of the FreeType project
197 license, LICENSE.TXT. By continuing to use, modify, or distribute this
198 file you indicate that you have read the license and understand and