1 CWSDPMI is Copyright (C) 1995-2000 Charles W Sandmann (sandmann@clio.rice.edu)
2 1206 Braelinn, Sugar Land, TX 77479
4 This is release 5. The files in this binary distribution may be redistributed
5 under the GPL (with source) or without the source code provided:
7 * CWSDPMI.EXE or CWSDPR0.EXE are not modified in any way except via CWSPARAM.
9 * CWSDSTUB.EXE internal contents are not modified in any way except via
10 CWSPARAM or STUBEDIT. It may have a COFF image plus data appended to it.
12 * Notice to users that they have the right to receive the source code and/or
13 binary updates for CWSDPMI. Distributors should indicate a site for the
14 source in their documentation.
16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
18 CWSDPMI was written to provide DPMI services for V2 of DJGPP. It currently
19 does not support 16-bit DPMI applications, or DPMI applications requiring a
20 built in extender. It does support virtual memory and hardware interrupt
21 reflection from real mode to protected mode. DJGPP V1.1x and RSX applications
22 will also run using this server, which can be used to provide enhanced control
23 over hardware interrupts. Some DPMI 1.0 extensions (0x506, 0x507, 0x508) have
26 CWSDPR0.EXE is an alternate version which runs at ring 0 with virtual memory
27 disabled. It may be used if access to ring-0 features are desired. It
28 currently does not switch stacks on HW interrupts, so some DJGPP features
29 such as SIGINT and SIGFPE are not supported and will generate a double fault
30 or stack fault error (to be fixed someday).
32 CWSDSTUB.EXE is a stub loader image for DJGPP which includes CWSDPMI. This
33 allows single executable image distributions. You can use the EXE2COFF
34 program and COPY /B CWSDSTUB.EXE+yourimage yourimage.exe to create a
35 standalone executable image.
37 Some of the internal tuning and configuration parameters may be modified
38 in the image using CWSPARAM.EXE (see CWSPARAM.DOC).
40 If you want to use CWSDPMI with DJGPP, you expand the distribution into the
41 DJGPP directory tree. CWSDPMI.EXE will be put in the BIN directory with your
42 DJGPP images and it will automatically be loaded when they run.
44 Directions for use (server can be used in either of two different ways):
46 1) "cwsdpmi" alone with no parameters will terminate and stay resident
47 FOR A SINGLE DPMI PROCESS. This means it unloads itself when your
48 DPMI application exits. This mode is useful in software which needs
49 DPMI services, since CWSDPMI can be exec'ed and then will unload on exit.
51 2) "cwsdpmi -p" will terminate and stay resident until you remove it.
52 It can be loaded into UMBs with LH. "cwsdpmi -u" will unload the TSR.
54 3) The file used for virtual memory swapping, if desired, is controlled
55 by the "-sc:\cwsdpmi.swp" syntax on the command line. You must specify
56 either a file with full disk/directory syntax, or "-s-" which disables
59 4) The default swap file name is c:\cwsdpmi.swp, but this can be changed
60 with the CWSPARAM image, as can some other parameters.
62 5) You can disable the DPMI 1.0 extensions by starting the image with the
63 "cwsdpmi -x" syntax. This feature allows you to run programs developed
64 under other DPMI providers which do not behave properly with these
65 extensions enabled (typically use of NULL pointers).
67 I would like to give special thanks to DJ Delorie who wrote the original
68 GO32 code on which CWSDPMI is based. Morten Welinder also provided and
69 improved much of the code in this program.
71 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
73 This section contains a list of the error messages you might see out of
74 CWSDPMI and some details on what they mean.
76 Exceptions are only handled by CWSDPMI if the application does not establish
77 an exception handler, exceptions nest 5 deep, or the error is particularly bad:
80 1) an illegal page fault happens in a RMCB or HW interrupt, (lock all pages!)
81 2) all available pages have been locked,
82 3) the application is using non-committed pages for null pointer protection.
83 "Double Fault" - multiple exceptions occurred
84 "Invalid TSS" - typically due to RMCB or HW interrupt being called after the
85 selectors/memory have been deallocated (remember to reset the mouse)
86 "General Protection Fault" - bad parameter sent to a DPMI call
90 Since 80286 and lesser processors don't have the hardware necessary to
91 run CWSDPMI. No workaround, upgrade.
95 A few interrupts are used which need DOS 3.0 or higher. I don't expect to
96 ever see this message, since 80386 machines were introduced after DOS 3.0
97 and that check is made first.
99 "CWSDPMI V0.90+ (r5) Copyright (C) 2000 CW Sandmann ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY"
101 An informational message displayed if the program is not run in one-pass mode.
103 "Protected mode not accessible."
105 This message should only be displayed if running CWSDPMI in a protected
106 environment with no access to protected mode. In this case, DPMI should
107 already be available and CWSDPMI would not be needed. This might happen if
108 a 16-bit DPMI client is loaded and a DJGPP image attempts to load CWSDPMI
109 to provide 32-bit DPMI services under Windows.
111 "Warning: cannot open swap file c:\cwsdpmi.swp"
113 Maybe you are out of file handles, or the swap file name is incorrectly
114 specified in the image (change the name with cwsparam).
118 This message means you tried to use more paging file than CWSDPMI was
119 configured to handle. Since this is protected against in the memory
120 allocation code, you should never see this message.
124 This means the paging file could not be expanded when trying to page
125 memory out to disk. This would normally not be seen, unless you are
126 writing output to the same disk which holds the paging file. Decrease
127 the amount of memory your DPMI application is using or free up disk space.
131 Your application tried to call an interrupt from protected mode which
132 normally shouldn't be called (something like a data pointer). If the
133 request was allowed to continue it would likely hang your machine. If you
134 see this message and think the interrupt should be allowed to continue, let
137 "Error: Using XMS switched CPU into V86 mode."
139 This message might be seen if you have your memory manager in AUTO mode. The
140 only workaround in this case is to stop using AUTO mode.
142 "Error: could not allocate page table memory"
144 The page table memory (a minimum of 16Kb) is allocated from conventional
145 memory (either in the 640Kb region or UMBs). If CWSDPMI cannot allocate the
146 minimum necessary memory, you would see this message. Free up some
147 conventional memory. You may also see this message if a page directory needs
148 to be faulted in, and there are no available pages. This means too many pages
149 have been locked for the allocated page tables available. While CWSDPMI
150 tries to dynamically allocate these if needed, this effort failed. You need
151 to increase the number of page tables with CWSPARAM, or increase the amount
152 of free conventional memory if it is low. If the application which calls
153 CWSDPMI internally manages all the DOS memory, the page tables may need to
154 be pre-allocated at DPMI startup time (if this is needed, try using the
155 run option flag 2 in cwsparam).
157 "16-bit DPMI unsupported."
159 CWSDPMI is a 32-bit only DPMI server. Ideally, on the request to enter DPMI's
160 PM with a 16-bit request, we would just fail the call setting the carry bit
161 like the DPMI specification describes. Some buggy 16-bit compiler tools don't
162 check the return status and will hang the machine in this case. So, I issue
163 an error message and exit the image instead.
165 "Descriptors exhausted."
167 An attempt to nest a DPMI client failed in the setup phase due to insufficient
168 free selectors in the LDT.
170 "CWSDPMI not removed"
172 When the -u parameter is specified, if DPMI is not detected this message is
173 printed. Informational.