4 The overall project goal of the ALSA System on Chip (ASoC) layer is to provide
5 better ALSA support for embedded system on chip procesors (e.g. pxa2xx, au1x00,
6 iMX, etc) and portable audio codecs. Currently there is some support in the
7 kernel for SoC audio, however it has some limitations:-
9 * Currently, codec drivers are often tightly coupled to the underlying SoC
10 cpu. This is not ideal and leads to code duplication i.e. Linux now has 4
11 different wm8731 drivers for 4 different SoC platforms.
13 * There is no standard method to signal user initiated audio events.
14 e.g. Headphone/Mic insertion, Headphone/Mic detection after an insertion
15 event. These are quite common events on portable devices and ofter require
16 machine specific code to re route audio, enable amps etc after such an event.
18 * Current drivers tend to power up the entire codec when playing
19 (or recording) audio. This is fine for a PC, but tends to waste a lot of
20 power on portable devices. There is also no support for saving power via
21 changing codec oversampling rates, bias currents, etc.
27 The ASoC layer is designed to address these issues and provide the following
30 * Codec independence. Allows reuse of codec drivers on other platforms
33 * Easy I2S/PCM audio interface setup between codec and SoC. Each SoC interface
34 and codec registers it's audio interface capabilities with the core and are
35 subsequently matched and configured when the application hw params are known.
37 * Dynamic Audio Power Management (DAPM). DAPM automatically sets the codec to
38 it's minimum power state at all times. This includes powering up/down
39 internal power blocks depending on the internal codec audio routing and any
42 * Pop and click reduction. Pops and clicks can be reduced by powering the
43 codec up/down in the correct sequence (including using digital mute). ASoC
44 signals the codec when to change power states.
46 * Machine specific controls: Allow machines to add controls to the sound card
47 e.g. volume control for speaker amp.
49 To achieve all this, ASoC basically splits an embedded audio system into 3
52 * Codec driver: The codec driver is platform independent and contains audio
53 controls, audio interface capabilities, codec dapm definition and codec IO
56 * Platform driver: The platform driver contains the audio dma engine and audio
57 interface drivers (e.g. I2S, AC97, PCM) for that platform.
59 * Machine driver: The machine driver handles any machine specific controls and
60 audio events. i.e. turing on an amp at start of playback.
66 The documentation is spilt into the following sections:-
68 overview.txt: This file.
70 codec.txt: Codec driver internals.
72 DAI.txt: Description of Digital Audio Interface standards and how to configure
73 a DAI within your codec and CPU DAI drivers.
75 dapm.txt: Dynamic Audio Power Management
77 platform.txt: Platform audio DMA and DAI.
79 machine.txt: Machine driver internals.
81 pop_clicks.txt: How to minimise audio artifacts.
83 clocking.txt: ASoC clocking for best power performance.