Added ref to Misc/NEWS file; added hint to run regen script on Linux.
[python/dscho.git] / Misc / python-mode-old.el
blob0782bdcae14d7799c3a7609cccf7bc6c50ec31b9
1 ;;; python-mode.el --- Major mode for editing Python programs
3 ;; Copyright (C) 1992,1993,1994 Tim Peters
5 ;; Author: 1995 Barry A. Warsaw
6 ;; 1992-1994 Tim Peters
7 ;; Maintainer: python-mode@python.org
8 ;; Created: Feb 1992
9 ;; Version: 2.30
10 ;; Last Modified: 1995/09/19 20:01:42
11 ;; Keywords: python editing language major-mode
13 ;; This software is provided as-is, without express or implied
14 ;; warranty. Permission to use, copy, modify, distribute or sell this
15 ;; software, without fee, for any purpose and by any individual or
16 ;; organization, is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright
17 ;; notice and this paragraph appear in all copies.
19 ;;; Commentary:
21 ;; This is a major mode for editing Python programs. It was developed
22 ;; by Tim Peters <tim@ksr.com> after an original idea by Michael
23 ;; A. Guravage. Tim doesn't appear to be on the 'net any longer so I
24 ;; have undertaken maintenance of the mode.
26 ;; At some point this mode will undergo a rewrite to bring it more in
27 ;; line with GNU Emacs Lisp coding standards. But all in all, the
28 ;; mode works exceedingly well.
30 ;; The following statements, placed in your .emacs file or
31 ;; site-init.el, will cause this file to be autoloaded, and
32 ;; python-mode invoked, when visiting .py files (assuming this file is
33 ;; in your load-path):
35 ;; (autoload 'python-mode "python-mode" "Python editing mode." t)
36 ;; (setq auto-mode-alist
37 ;; (cons '("\\.py$" . python-mode) auto-mode-alist))
39 ;; Here's a brief list of recent additions/improvements:
41 ;; - Wrapping and indentation within triple quote strings should work
42 ;; properly now.
43 ;; - `Standard' bug reporting mechanism (use C-c C-b)
44 ;; - py-mark-block was moved to C-c C-m
45 ;; - C-c C-v shows you the python-mode version
46 ;; - a basic python-font-lock-keywords has been added for Emacs 19
47 ;; font-lock colorizations.
48 ;; - proper interaction with pending-del and del-sel modes.
49 ;; - New py-electric-colon (:) command for improved outdenting. Also
50 ;; py-indent-line (TAB) should handle outdented lines better.
51 ;; - New commands py-outdent-left (C-c C-l) and py-indent-right (C-c C-r)
53 ;; Here's a brief to do list:
55 ;; - Better integration with gud-mode for debugging.
56 ;; - Rewrite according to GNU Emacs Lisp standards.
57 ;; - py-delete-char should obey numeric arguments.
58 ;; - even better support for outdenting. Guido suggests outdents of
59 ;; at least one level after a return, raise, break, or continue
60 ;; statement.
61 ;; - de-electrify colon inside literals (e.g. comments and strings)
63 ;; If you can think of more things you'd like to see, drop me a line.
64 ;; If you want to report bugs, use py-submit-bug-report (C-c C-b).
66 ;; Note that I only test things on XEmacs (currently 19.11). If you
67 ;; port stuff to FSF Emacs 19, or Emacs 18, please send me your
68 ;; patches.
70 ;; LCD Archive Entry:
71 ;; python-mode|Barry A. Warsaw|python-mode@python.org
72 ;; |Major mode for editing Python programs
73 ;; |1995/09/19 20:01:42|2.30|
75 ;;; Code:
78 ;; user definable variables
79 ;; vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv
81 (defvar py-python-command "python"
82 "*Shell command used to start Python interpreter.")
84 (defvar py-indent-offset 8 ; argue with Guido <grin>
85 "*Indentation increment.
86 Note that `\\[py-guess-indent-offset]' can usually guess a good value
87 when you're editing someone else's Python code.")
89 (defvar py-align-multiline-strings-p t
90 "*Flag describing how multiline triple quoted strings are aligned.
91 When this flag is non-nil, continuation lines are lined up under the
92 preceding line's indentation. When this flag is nil, continuation
93 lines are aligned to column zero.")
95 (defvar py-block-comment-prefix "##"
96 "*String used by `py-comment-region' to comment out a block of code.
97 This should follow the convention for non-indenting comment lines so
98 that the indentation commands won't get confused (i.e., the string
99 should be of the form `#x...' where `x' is not a blank or a tab, and
100 `...' is arbitrary).")
102 (defvar py-scroll-process-buffer t
103 "*Scroll Python process buffer as output arrives.
104 If nil, the Python process buffer acts, with respect to scrolling, like
105 Shell-mode buffers normally act. This is surprisingly complicated and
106 so won't be explained here; in fact, you can't get the whole story
107 without studying the Emacs C code.
109 If non-nil, the behavior is different in two respects (which are
110 slightly inaccurate in the interest of brevity):
112 - If the buffer is in a window, and you left point at its end, the
113 window will scroll as new output arrives, and point will move to the
114 buffer's end, even if the window is not the selected window (that
115 being the one the cursor is in). The usual behavior for shell-mode
116 windows is not to scroll, and to leave point where it was, if the
117 buffer is in a window other than the selected window.
119 - If the buffer is not visible in any window, and you left point at
120 its end, the buffer will be popped into a window as soon as more
121 output arrives. This is handy if you have a long-running
122 computation and don't want to tie up screen area waiting for the
123 output. The usual behavior for a shell-mode buffer is to stay
124 invisible until you explicitly visit it.
126 Note the `and if you left point at its end' clauses in both of the
127 above: you can `turn off' the special behaviors while output is in
128 progress, by visiting the Python buffer and moving point to anywhere
129 besides the end. Then the buffer won't scroll, point will remain where
130 you leave it, and if you hide the buffer it will stay hidden until you
131 visit it again. You can enable and disable the special behaviors as
132 often as you like, while output is in progress, by (respectively) moving
133 point to, or away from, the end of the buffer.
135 Warning: If you expect a large amount of output, you'll probably be
136 happier setting this option to nil.
138 Obscure: `End of buffer' above should really say `at or beyond the
139 process mark', but if you know what that means you didn't need to be
140 told <grin>.")
142 (defvar py-temp-directory
143 (let ((ok '(lambda (x)
144 (and x
145 (setq x (expand-file-name x)) ; always true
146 (file-directory-p x)
147 (file-writable-p x)
148 x))))
149 (or (funcall ok (getenv "TMPDIR"))
150 (funcall ok "/usr/tmp")
151 (funcall ok "/tmp")
152 (funcall ok ".")
153 (error
154 "Couldn't find a usable temp directory -- set py-temp-directory")))
155 "*Directory used for temp files created by a *Python* process.
156 By default, the first directory from this list that exists and that you
157 can write into: the value (if any) of the environment variable TMPDIR,
158 /usr/tmp, /tmp, or the current directory.")
160 (defvar py-beep-if-tab-change t
161 "*Ring the bell if tab-width is changed.
162 If a comment of the form
164 \t# vi:set tabsize=<number>:
166 is found before the first code line when the file is entered, and the
167 current value of (the general Emacs variable) `tab-width' does not
168 equal <number>, `tab-width' is set to <number>, a message saying so is
169 displayed in the echo area, and if `py-beep-if-tab-change' is non-nil
170 the Emacs bell is also rung as a warning.")
172 ;; These were the previous font-lock keywords, but I think I now
173 ;; prefer the ones from XEmacs 19.12's font-lock.el. I've merged the
174 ;; two into the new definition below.
176 ;;(defvar python-font-lock-keywords
177 ;; (list
178 ;; (cons
179 ;; (concat
180 ;; "\\<\\("
181 ;; (mapconcat
182 ;; 'identity
183 ;; '("access" "and" "break" "continue"
184 ;; "del" "elif" "else" "except"
185 ;; "exec" "finally" "for" "from"
186 ;; "global" "if" "import" "in"
187 ;; "is" "lambda" "not" "or"
188 ;; "pass" "print" "raise" "return"
189 ;; "try" "while" "def" "class"
190 ;; )
191 ;; "\\|")
192 ;; "\\)\\>")
193 ;; 1)
194 ;; ;; functions
195 ;; '("\\bdef\\s +\\(\\sw+\\)(" 1 font-lock-function-name-face)
196 ;; ;; classes
197 ;; '("\\bclass\\s +\\(\\sw+\\)[(:]" 1 font-lock-function-name-face)
198 ;; )
199 ;; "*Additional keywords to highlight `python-mode' buffers.")
201 ;; These are taken from XEmacs 19.12's font-lock.el file, but have the
202 ;; more complete list of keywords from the previous definition in
203 ;; python-mode.el. There are a few other minor stylistic changes as
204 ;; well.
206 (defvar python-font-lock-keywords
207 (list
208 (cons (concat
209 "\\b\\("
210 (mapconcat
211 'identity
212 '("access" "and" "break" "continue"
213 "del" "elif" "else:" "except"
214 "except:" "exec" "finally:" "for"
215 "from" "global" "if" "import"
216 "in" "is" "lambda" "not"
217 "or" "pass" "print" "raise"
218 "return" "try:" "while"
220 "\\|")
221 "\\)[ \n\t(]")
223 ;; classes
224 '("\\bclass[ \t]+\\([a-zA-Z_]+[a-zA-Z0-9_]*\\)"
225 1 font-lock-type-face)
226 ;; functions
227 '("\\bdef[ \t]+\\([a-zA-Z_]+[a-zA-Z0-9_]*\\)"
228 1 font-lock-function-name-face)
230 "*Additional expressions to highlight in Python mode.")
232 ;; R Lindsay Todd <toddr@rpi.edu> suggests these changes to the
233 ;; original keywords, which wouldn't be necessary if we go with the
234 ;; XEmacs defaults, but which I agree makes sense without them.
236 ;; functions
237 ;; '("\\bdef\\s +\\(\\sw+\\)\\s *(" 1 font-lock-function-name-face)
238 ;; classes
239 ;; '("\\bclass\\s +\\(\\sw+\\)\\s *[(:]" 1 font-lock-type-face)
243 ;; ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
244 ;; NO USER DEFINABLE VARIABLES BEYOND THIS POINT
246 ;; Differentiate between Emacs 18, Lucid Emacs, and Emacs 19. This
247 ;; seems to be the standard way of checking this.
248 ;; BAW - This is *not* the right solution. When at all possible,
249 ;; instead of testing for the version of Emacs, use feature tests.
251 (setq py-this-is-lucid-emacs-p (string-match "Lucid\\|XEmacs" emacs-version))
252 (setq py-this-is-emacs-19-p
253 (and
254 (not py-this-is-lucid-emacs-p)
255 (string-match "^19\\." emacs-version)))
257 ;; have to bind py-file-queue before installing the kill-emacs hook
258 (defvar py-file-queue nil
259 "Queue of Python temp files awaiting execution.
260 Currently-active file is at the head of the list.")
262 ;; define a mode-specific abbrev table for those who use such things
263 (defvar python-mode-abbrev-table nil
264 "Abbrev table in use in `python-mode' buffers.")
265 (define-abbrev-table 'python-mode-abbrev-table nil)
267 (defvar python-mode-hook nil
268 "*Hook called by `python-mode'.")
270 ;; in previous version of python-mode.el, the hook was incorrectly
271 ;; called py-mode-hook, and was not defvar'd. deprecate its use.
272 (and (fboundp 'make-obsolete-variable)
273 (make-obsolete-variable 'py-mode-hook 'python-mode-hook))
275 (defvar py-mode-map ()
276 "Keymap used in `python-mode' buffers.")
278 (if py-mode-map
280 (setq py-mode-map (make-sparse-keymap))
282 ;; shadow global bindings for newline-and-indent w/ the py- version.
283 ;; BAW - this is extremely bad form, but I'm not going to change it
284 ;; for now.
285 (mapcar (function (lambda (key)
286 (define-key
287 py-mode-map key 'py-newline-and-indent)))
288 (where-is-internal 'newline-and-indent))
290 ;; BAW - you could do it this way, but its not considered proper
291 ;; major-mode form.
292 (mapcar (function
293 (lambda (x)
294 (define-key py-mode-map (car x) (cdr x))))
295 '((":" . py-electric-colon)
296 ("\C-c\C-c" . py-execute-buffer)
297 ("\C-c|" . py-execute-region)
298 ("\C-c!" . py-shell)
299 ("\177" . py-delete-char)
300 ("\n" . py-newline-and-indent)
301 ("\C-c:" . py-guess-indent-offset)
302 ("\C-c\t" . py-indent-region)
303 ("\C-c\C-l" . py-outdent-left)
304 ("\C-c\C-r" . py-indent-right)
305 ("\C-c<" . py-shift-region-left)
306 ("\C-c>" . py-shift-region-right)
307 ("\C-c\C-n" . py-next-statement)
308 ("\C-c\C-p" . py-previous-statement)
309 ("\C-c\C-u" . py-goto-block-up)
310 ("\C-c\C-m" . py-mark-block)
311 ("\C-c#" . py-comment-region)
312 ("\C-c?" . py-describe-mode)
313 ("\C-c\C-hm" . py-describe-mode)
314 ("\e\C-a" . beginning-of-python-def-or-class)
315 ("\e\C-e" . end-of-python-def-or-class)
316 ( "\e\C-h" . mark-python-def-or-class)))
317 ;; should do all keybindings this way
318 (define-key py-mode-map "\C-c\C-b" 'py-submit-bug-report)
319 (define-key py-mode-map "\C-c\C-v" 'py-version)
322 (defvar py-mode-syntax-table nil
323 "Syntax table used in `python-mode' buffers.")
325 (if py-mode-syntax-table
327 (setq py-mode-syntax-table (make-syntax-table))
328 ;; BAW - again, blech.
329 (mapcar (function
330 (lambda (x) (modify-syntax-entry
331 (car x) (cdr x) py-mode-syntax-table)))
332 '(( ?\( . "()" ) ( ?\) . ")(" )
333 ( ?\[ . "(]" ) ( ?\] . ")[" )
334 ( ?\{ . "(}" ) ( ?\} . "){" )
335 ;; fix operator symbols misassigned in the std table
336 ( ?\$ . "." ) ( ?\% . "." ) ( ?\& . "." )
337 ( ?\* . "." ) ( ?\+ . "." ) ( ?\- . "." )
338 ( ?\/ . "." ) ( ?\< . "." ) ( ?\= . "." )
339 ( ?\> . "." ) ( ?\| . "." )
340 ( ?\_ . "w" ) ; underscore is legit in names
341 ( ?\' . "\"") ; single quote is string quote
342 ( ?\" . "\"" ) ; double quote is string quote too
343 ( ?\` . "$") ; backquote is open and close paren
344 ( ?\# . "<") ; hash starts comment
345 ( ?\n . ">")))) ; newline ends comment
347 (defconst py-stringlit-re
348 (concat
349 "'\\([^'\n\\]\\|\\\\.\\)*'" ; single-quoted
350 "\\|" ; or
351 "\"\\([^\"\n\\]\\|\\\\.\\)*\"") ; double-quoted
352 "Regexp matching a Python string literal.")
354 ;; this is tricky because a trailing backslash does not mean
355 ;; continuation if it's in a comment
356 (defconst py-continued-re
357 (concat
358 "\\(" "[^#'\"\n\\]" "\\|" py-stringlit-re "\\)*"
359 "\\\\$")
360 "Regexp matching Python lines that are continued via backslash.")
362 (defconst py-blank-or-comment-re "[ \t]*\\($\\|#\\)"
363 "Regexp matching blank or comment lines.")
365 (defconst py-outdent-re
366 (concat "\\(" (mapconcat 'identity
367 '("else:"
368 "except\\(\\s +.*\\)?:"
369 "finally:"
370 "elif\\s +.*:")
371 "\\|")
372 "\\)")
373 "Regexp matching clauses to be outdented one level.")
375 (defconst py-no-outdent-re
376 (concat "\\(" (mapconcat 'identity
377 '("try:"
378 "except\\(\\s +.*\\)?:"
379 "while\\s +.*:"
380 "for\\s +.*:"
381 "if\\s +.*:"
382 "elif\\s +.*:")
383 "\\|")
384 "\\)")
385 "Regexp matching lines to not outdent after.")
388 ;;;###autoload
389 (defun python-mode ()
390 "Major mode for editing Python files.
391 To submit a problem report, enter `\\[py-submit-bug-report]' from a
392 `python-mode' buffer. Do `\\[py-describe-mode]' for detailed
393 documentation. To see what version of `python-mode' you are running,
394 enter `\\[py-version]'.
396 This mode knows about Python indentation, tokens, comments and
397 continuation lines. Paragraphs are separated by blank lines only.
399 COMMANDS
400 \\{py-mode-map}
401 VARIABLES
403 py-indent-offset\tindentation increment
404 py-block-comment-prefix\tcomment string used by py-comment-region
405 py-python-command\tshell command to invoke Python interpreter
406 py-scroll-process-buffer\talways scroll Python process buffer
407 py-temp-directory\tdirectory used for temp files (if needed)
408 py-beep-if-tab-change\tring the bell if tab-width is changed"
409 (interactive)
410 (kill-all-local-variables)
411 (set-syntax-table py-mode-syntax-table)
412 (setq major-mode 'python-mode
413 mode-name "Python"
414 local-abbrev-table python-mode-abbrev-table)
415 (use-local-map py-mode-map)
416 ;; Emacs 19 requires this
417 (if (or py-this-is-lucid-emacs-p py-this-is-emacs-19-p)
418 (setq comment-multi-line nil))
419 ;; BAW -- style...
420 (mapcar (function (lambda (x)
421 (make-local-variable (car x))
422 (set (car x) (cdr x))))
423 '((paragraph-separate . "^[ \t]*$")
424 (paragraph-start . "^[ \t]*$")
425 (require-final-newline . t)
426 (comment-start . "# ")
427 (comment-start-skip . "# *")
428 (comment-column . 40)
429 (indent-region-function . py-indent-region)
430 (indent-line-function . py-indent-line)))
431 ;; hack to allow overriding the tabsize in the file (see tokenizer.c)
433 ;; not sure where the magic comment has to be; to save time
434 ;; searching for a rarity, we give up if it's not found prior to the
435 ;; first executable statement.
437 ;; BAW - on first glance, this seems like complete hackery. Why was
438 ;; this necessary, and is it still necessary?
439 (let ((case-fold-search nil)
440 (start (point))
441 new-tab-width)
442 (if (re-search-forward
443 "^[ \t]*#[ \t]*vi:set[ \t]+tabsize=\\([0-9]+\\):"
444 (prog2 (py-next-statement 1) (point) (goto-char 1))
446 (progn
447 (setq new-tab-width
448 (string-to-int
449 (buffer-substring (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1))))
450 (if (= tab-width new-tab-width)
452 (setq tab-width new-tab-width)
453 (message "Caution: tab-width changed to %d" new-tab-width)
454 (if py-beep-if-tab-change (beep)))))
455 (goto-char start))
457 ;; run the mode hook. py-mode-hook use is deprecated
458 (if python-mode-hook
459 (run-hooks 'python-mode-hook)
460 (run-hooks 'py-mode-hook)))
463 ;; electric characters
464 (defun py-outdent-p ()
465 ;; returns non-nil if the current line should outdent one level
466 (save-excursion
467 (and (progn (back-to-indentation)
468 (looking-at py-outdent-re))
469 (progn (backward-to-indentation 1)
470 (while (or (looking-at py-blank-or-comment-re)
471 (bobp))
472 (backward-to-indentation 1))
473 (not (looking-at py-no-outdent-re)))
477 (defun py-electric-colon (arg)
478 "Insert a colon.
479 In certain cases the line is outdented appropriately. If a numeric
480 argument is provided, that many colons are inserted non-electrically.
481 Electric behavior is inhibited inside a string or comment."
482 (interactive "P")
483 (self-insert-command (prefix-numeric-value arg))
484 ;; are we in a string or comment?
485 (if (save-excursion
486 (let ((pps (parse-partial-sexp (save-excursion
487 (beginning-of-python-def-or-class)
488 (point))
489 (point))))
490 (not (or (nth 3 pps) (nth 4 pps)))))
491 (save-excursion
492 (let ((here (point))
493 (outdent 0)
494 (indent (py-compute-indentation)))
495 (if (and (not arg)
496 (py-outdent-p)
497 (= indent (save-excursion
498 (forward-line -1)
499 (py-compute-indentation)))
501 (setq outdent py-indent-offset))
502 ;; Don't indent, only outdent. This assumes that any lines that
503 ;; are already outdented relative to py-compute-indentation were
504 ;; put there on purpose. Its highly annoying to have `:' indent
505 ;; for you. Use TAB, C-c C-l or C-c C-r to adjust. TBD: Is
506 ;; there a better way to determine this???
507 (if (< (current-indentation) indent) nil
508 (goto-char here)
509 (beginning-of-line)
510 (delete-horizontal-space)
511 (indent-to (- indent outdent))
512 )))))
514 (defun py-indent-right (arg)
515 "Indent the line by one `py-indent-offset' level.
516 With numeric arg, indent by that many levels. You cannot indent
517 farther right than the distance the line would be indented by
518 \\[py-indent-line]."
519 (interactive "p")
520 (let ((col (current-indentation))
521 (want (* arg py-indent-offset))
522 (indent (py-compute-indentation))
523 (pos (- (point-max) (point)))
524 (bol (save-excursion (beginning-of-line) (point))))
525 (if (<= (+ col want) indent)
526 (progn
527 (beginning-of-line)
528 (delete-horizontal-space)
529 (indent-to (+ col want))
530 (if (> (- (point-max) pos) (point))
531 (goto-char (- (point-max) pos)))
532 ))))
534 (defun py-outdent-left (arg)
535 "Outdent the line by one `py-indent-offset' level.
536 With numeric arg, outdent by that many levels. You cannot outdent
537 farther left than column zero."
538 (interactive "p")
539 (let ((col (current-indentation))
540 (want (* arg py-indent-offset))
541 (pos (- (point-max) (point)))
542 (bol (save-excursion (beginning-of-line) (point))))
543 (if (<= 0 (- col want))
544 (progn
545 (beginning-of-line)
546 (delete-horizontal-space)
547 (indent-to (- col want))
548 (if (> (- (point-max) pos) (point))
549 (goto-char (- (point-max) pos)))
550 ))))
553 ;;; Functions that execute Python commands in a subprocess
554 (defun py-shell ()
555 "Start an interactive Python interpreter in another window.
556 This is like Shell mode, except that Python is running in the window
557 instead of a shell. See the `Interactive Shell' and `Shell Mode'
558 sections of the Emacs manual for details, especially for the key
559 bindings active in the `*Python*' buffer.
561 See the docs for variable `py-scroll-buffer' for info on scrolling
562 behavior in the process window.
564 Warning: Don't use an interactive Python if you change sys.ps1 or
565 sys.ps2 from their default values, or if you're running code that
566 prints `>>> ' or `... ' at the start of a line. `python-mode' can't
567 distinguish your output from Python's output, and assumes that `>>> '
568 at the start of a line is a prompt from Python. Similarly, the Emacs
569 Shell mode code assumes that both `>>> ' and `... ' at the start of a
570 line are Python prompts. Bad things can happen if you fool either
571 mode.
573 Warning: If you do any editing *in* the process buffer *while* the
574 buffer is accepting output from Python, do NOT attempt to `undo' the
575 changes. Some of the output (nowhere near the parts you changed!) may
576 be lost if you do. This appears to be an Emacs bug, an unfortunate
577 interaction between undo and process filters; the same problem exists in
578 non-Python process buffers using the default (Emacs-supplied) process
579 filter."
580 ;; BAW - should undo be disabled in the python process buffer, if
581 ;; this bug still exists?
582 (interactive)
583 (if py-this-is-emacs-19-p
584 (progn
585 (require 'comint)
586 (switch-to-buffer-other-window
587 (make-comint "Python" py-python-command)))
588 (progn
589 (require 'shell)
590 (switch-to-buffer-other-window
591 (apply (if (boundp 'make-shell) 'make-shell 'make-comint)
592 "Python" py-python-command nil))))
593 (make-local-variable 'shell-prompt-pattern)
594 (setq shell-prompt-pattern "^>>> \\|^\\.\\.\\. ")
595 (set-process-filter (get-buffer-process (current-buffer))
596 'py-process-filter)
597 (set-syntax-table py-mode-syntax-table))
599 (defun py-execute-region (start end)
600 "Send the region between START and END to a Python interpreter.
601 If there is a *Python* process it is used.
603 Hint: If you want to execute part of a Python file several times
604 \(e.g., perhaps you're developing a function and want to flesh it out
605 a bit at a time), use `\\[narrow-to-region]' to restrict the buffer to
606 the region of interest, and send the code to a *Python* process via
607 `\\[py-execute-buffer]' instead.
609 Following are subtleties to note when using a *Python* process:
611 If a *Python* process is used, the region is copied into a temporary
612 file (in directory `py-temp-directory'), and an `execfile' command is
613 sent to Python naming that file. If you send regions faster than
614 Python can execute them, `python-mode' will save them into distinct
615 temp files, and execute the next one in the queue the next time it
616 sees a `>>> ' prompt from Python. Each time this happens, the process
617 buffer is popped into a window (if it's not already in some window) so
618 you can see it, and a comment of the form
620 \t## working on region in file <name> ...
622 is inserted at the end.
624 Caution: No more than 26 regions can be pending at any given time.
625 This limit is (indirectly) inherited from libc's mktemp(3).
626 `python-mode' does not try to protect you from exceeding the limit.
627 It's extremely unlikely that you'll get anywhere close to the limit in
628 practice, unless you're trying to be a jerk <grin>.
630 See the `\\[py-shell]' docs for additional warnings."
631 (interactive "r")
632 (or (< start end) (error "Region is empty"))
633 (let ((pyproc (get-process "Python"))
634 fname)
635 (if (null pyproc)
636 (shell-command-on-region start end py-python-command)
637 ;; else feed it thru a temp file
638 (setq fname (py-make-temp-name))
639 (write-region start end fname nil 'no-msg)
640 (setq py-file-queue (append py-file-queue (list fname)))
641 (if (cdr py-file-queue)
642 (message "File %s queued for execution" fname)
643 ;; else
644 (py-execute-file pyproc fname)))))
646 (defun py-execute-file (pyproc fname)
647 (py-append-to-process-buffer
648 pyproc
649 (format "## working on region in file %s ...\n" fname))
650 (process-send-string pyproc (format "execfile('%s')\n" fname)))
652 (defun py-process-filter (pyproc string)
653 (let ((curbuf (current-buffer))
654 (pbuf (process-buffer pyproc))
655 (pmark (process-mark pyproc))
656 file-finished)
658 ;; make sure we switch to a different buffer at least once. if we
659 ;; *don't* do this, then if the process buffer is in the selected
660 ;; window, and point is before the end, and lots of output is
661 ;; coming at a fast pace, then (a) simple cursor-movement commands
662 ;; like C-p, C-n, C-f, C-b, C-a, C-e take an incredibly long time
663 ;; to have a visible effect (the window just doesn't get updated,
664 ;; sometimes for minutes(!)), and (b) it takes about 5x longer to
665 ;; get all the process output (until the next python prompt).
667 ;; #b makes no sense to me at all. #a almost makes sense: unless
668 ;; we actually change buffers, set_buffer_internal in buffer.c
669 ;; doesn't set windows_or_buffers_changed to 1, & that in turn
670 ;; seems to make the Emacs command loop reluctant to update the
671 ;; display. Perhaps the default process filter in process.c's
672 ;; read_process_output has update_mode_lines++ for a similar
673 ;; reason? beats me ...
675 ;; BAW - we want to check to see if this still applies
676 (if (eq curbuf pbuf) ; mysterious ugly hack
677 (set-buffer (get-buffer-create "*scratch*")))
679 (set-buffer pbuf)
680 (let* ((start (point))
681 (goback (< start pmark))
682 (goend (and (not goback) (= start (point-max))))
683 (buffer-read-only nil))
684 (goto-char pmark)
685 (insert string)
686 (move-marker pmark (point))
687 (setq file-finished
688 (and py-file-queue
689 (equal ">>> "
690 (buffer-substring
691 (prog2 (beginning-of-line) (point)
692 (goto-char pmark))
693 (point)))))
694 (if goback (goto-char start)
695 ;; else
696 (if py-scroll-process-buffer
697 (let* ((pop-up-windows t)
698 (pwin (display-buffer pbuf)))
699 (set-window-point pwin (point)))))
700 (set-buffer curbuf)
701 (if file-finished
702 (progn
703 (py-delete-file-silently (car py-file-queue))
704 (setq py-file-queue (cdr py-file-queue))
705 (if py-file-queue
706 (py-execute-file pyproc (car py-file-queue)))))
707 (and goend
708 (progn (set-buffer pbuf)
709 (goto-char (point-max))))
712 (defun py-execute-buffer ()
713 "Send the contents of the buffer to a Python interpreter.
714 If there is a *Python* process buffer it is used. If a clipping
715 restriction is in effect, only the accessible portion of the buffer is
716 sent. A trailing newline will be supplied if needed.
718 See the `\\[py-execute-region]' docs for an account of some subtleties."
719 (interactive)
720 (py-execute-region (point-min) (point-max)))
724 ;; Functions for Python style indentation
725 (defun py-delete-char ()
726 "Reduce indentation or delete character.
727 If point is at the leftmost column, deletes the preceding newline.
729 Else if point is at the leftmost non-blank character of a line that is
730 neither a continuation line nor a non-indenting comment line, or if
731 point is at the end of a blank line, reduces the indentation to match
732 that of the line that opened the current block of code. The line that
733 opened the block is displayed in the echo area to help you keep track
734 of where you are.
736 Else the preceding character is deleted, converting a tab to spaces if
737 needed so that only a single column position is deleted."
738 (interactive "*")
739 (if (or (/= (current-indentation) (current-column))
740 (bolp)
741 (py-continuation-line-p)
742 (looking-at "#[^ \t\n]")) ; non-indenting #
743 (backward-delete-char-untabify 1)
744 ;; else indent the same as the colon line that opened the block
746 ;; force non-blank so py-goto-block-up doesn't ignore it
747 (insert-char ?* 1)
748 (backward-char)
749 (let ((base-indent 0) ; indentation of base line
750 (base-text "") ; and text of base line
751 (base-found-p nil))
752 (condition-case nil ; in case no enclosing block
753 (save-excursion
754 (py-goto-block-up 'no-mark)
755 (setq base-indent (current-indentation)
756 base-text (py-suck-up-leading-text)
757 base-found-p t))
758 (error nil))
759 (delete-char 1) ; toss the dummy character
760 (delete-horizontal-space)
761 (indent-to base-indent)
762 (if base-found-p
763 (message "Closes block: %s" base-text)))))
765 ;; required for pending-del and delsel modes
766 (put 'py-delete-char 'delete-selection 'supersede)
767 (put 'py-delete-char 'pending-delete 'supersede)
769 (defun py-indent-line ()
770 "Fix the indentation of the current line according to Python rules."
771 (interactive)
772 (let* ((ci (current-indentation))
773 (move-to-indentation-p (<= (current-column) ci))
774 (need (py-compute-indentation)))
775 ;; see if we need to outdent
776 (if (py-outdent-p)
777 (setq need (- need py-indent-offset)))
778 (if (/= ci need)
779 (save-excursion
780 (beginning-of-line)
781 (delete-horizontal-space)
782 (indent-to need)))
783 (if move-to-indentation-p (back-to-indentation))))
785 (defun py-newline-and-indent ()
786 "Strives to act like the Emacs `newline-and-indent'.
787 This is just `strives to' because correct indentation can't be computed
788 from scratch for Python code. In general, deletes the whitespace before
789 point, inserts a newline, and takes an educated guess as to how you want
790 the new line indented."
791 (interactive)
792 (let ((ci (current-indentation)))
793 (if (< ci (current-column)) ; if point beyond indentation
794 (newline-and-indent)
795 ;; else try to act like newline-and-indent "normally" acts
796 (beginning-of-line)
797 (insert-char ?\n 1)
798 (move-to-column ci))))
800 (defun py-compute-indentation ()
801 (save-excursion
802 (let ((pps (parse-partial-sexp (save-excursion
803 (beginning-of-python-def-or-class)
804 (point))
805 (point))))
806 (beginning-of-line)
807 (cond
808 ;; are we inside a string or comment?
809 ((or (nth 3 pps) (nth 4 pps))
810 (save-excursion
811 (if (not py-align-multiline-strings-p) 0
812 ;; skip back over blank & non-indenting comment lines
813 ;; note: will skip a blank or non-indenting comment line
814 ;; that happens to be a continuation line too
815 (re-search-backward "^[ \t]*\\([^ \t\n#]\\|#[ \t\n]\\)" nil 'move)
816 (back-to-indentation)
817 (current-column))))
818 ;; are we on a continuation line?
819 ((py-continuation-line-p)
820 (let ((startpos (point))
821 (open-bracket-pos (py-nesting-level))
822 endpos searching found)
823 (if open-bracket-pos
824 (progn
825 ;; align with first item in list; else a normal
826 ;; indent beyond the line with the open bracket
827 (goto-char (1+ open-bracket-pos)) ; just beyond bracket
828 ;; is the first list item on the same line?
829 (skip-chars-forward " \t")
830 (if (null (memq (following-char) '(?\n ?# ?\\)))
831 ; yes, so line up with it
832 (current-column)
833 ;; first list item on another line, or doesn't exist yet
834 (forward-line 1)
835 (while (and (< (point) startpos)
836 (looking-at "[ \t]*[#\n\\\\]")) ; skip noise
837 (forward-line 1))
838 (if (< (point) startpos)
839 ;; again mimic the first list item
840 (current-indentation)
841 ;; else they're about to enter the first item
842 (goto-char open-bracket-pos)
843 (+ (current-indentation) py-indent-offset))))
845 ;; else on backslash continuation line
846 (forward-line -1)
847 (if (py-continuation-line-p) ; on at least 3rd line in block
848 (current-indentation) ; so just continue the pattern
849 ;; else started on 2nd line in block, so indent more.
850 ;; if base line is an assignment with a start on a RHS,
851 ;; indent to 2 beyond the leftmost "="; else skip first
852 ;; chunk of non-whitespace characters on base line, + 1 more
853 ;; column
854 (end-of-line)
855 (setq endpos (point) searching t)
856 (back-to-indentation)
857 (setq startpos (point))
858 ;; look at all "=" from left to right, stopping at first
859 ;; one not nested in a list or string
860 (while searching
861 (skip-chars-forward "^=" endpos)
862 (if (= (point) endpos)
863 (setq searching nil)
864 (forward-char 1)
865 (setq state (parse-partial-sexp startpos (point)))
866 (if (and (zerop (car state)) ; not in a bracket
867 (null (nth 3 state))) ; & not in a string
868 (progn
869 (setq searching nil) ; done searching in any case
870 (setq found
871 (not (or
872 (eq (following-char) ?=)
873 (memq (char-after (- (point) 2))
874 '(?< ?> ?!)))))))))
875 (if (or (not found) ; not an assignment
876 (looking-at "[ \t]*\\\\")) ; <=><spaces><backslash>
877 (progn
878 (goto-char startpos)
879 (skip-chars-forward "^ \t\n")))
880 (1+ (current-column))))))
882 ;; not on a continuation line
884 ;; if at start of restriction, or on a non-indenting comment
885 ;; line, assume they intended whatever's there
886 ((or (bobp) (looking-at "[ \t]*#[^ \t\n]"))
887 (current-indentation))
889 ;; else indentation based on that of the statement that
890 ;; precedes us; use the first line of that statement to
891 ;; establish the base, in case the user forced a non-std
892 ;; indentation for the continuation lines (if any)
894 ;; skip back over blank & non-indenting comment lines note:
895 ;; will skip a blank or non-indenting comment line that
896 ;; happens to be a continuation line too
897 (re-search-backward "^[ \t]*\\([^ \t\n#]\\|#[ \t\n]\\)" nil 'move)
898 ;; if we landed inside a string, go to the beginning of that
899 ;; string. this handles triple quoted, multi-line spanning
900 ;; strings.
901 (py-goto-initial-line)
902 (if (py-statement-opens-block-p)
903 (+ (current-indentation) py-indent-offset)
904 (current-indentation)))))))
906 (defun py-guess-indent-offset (&optional global)
907 "Guess a good value for, and change, `py-indent-offset'.
908 By default (without a prefix arg), makes a buffer-local copy of
909 `py-indent-offset' with the new value. This will not affect any other
910 Python buffers. With a prefix arg, changes the global value of
911 `py-indent-offset'. This affects all Python buffers (that don't have
912 their own buffer-local copy), both those currently existing and those
913 created later in the Emacs session.
915 Some people use a different value for `py-indent-offset' than you use.
916 There's no excuse for such foolishness, but sometimes you have to deal
917 with their ugly code anyway. This function examines the file and sets
918 `py-indent-offset' to what it thinks it was when they created the
919 mess.
921 Specifically, it searches forward from the statement containing point,
922 looking for a line that opens a block of code. `py-indent-offset' is
923 set to the difference in indentation between that line and the Python
924 statement following it. If the search doesn't succeed going forward,
925 it's tried again going backward."
926 (interactive "P") ; raw prefix arg
927 (let (new-value
928 (start (point))
929 restart
930 (found nil)
931 colon-indent)
932 (py-goto-initial-line)
933 (while (not (or found (eobp)))
934 (if (re-search-forward ":[ \t]*\\($\\|[#\\]\\)" nil 'move)
935 (progn
936 (setq restart (point))
937 (py-goto-initial-line)
938 (if (py-statement-opens-block-p)
939 (setq found t)
940 (goto-char restart)))))
941 (if found
943 (goto-char start)
944 (py-goto-initial-line)
945 (while (not (or found (bobp)))
946 (setq found
947 (and
948 (re-search-backward ":[ \t]*\\($\\|[#\\]\\)" nil 'move)
949 (or (py-goto-initial-line) t) ; always true -- side effect
950 (py-statement-opens-block-p)))))
951 (setq colon-indent (current-indentation)
952 found (and found (zerop (py-next-statement 1)))
953 new-value (- (current-indentation) colon-indent))
954 (goto-char start)
955 (if found
956 (progn
957 (funcall (if global 'kill-local-variable 'make-local-variable)
958 'py-indent-offset)
959 (setq py-indent-offset new-value)
960 (message "%s value of py-indent-offset set to %d"
961 (if global "Global" "Local")
962 py-indent-offset))
963 (error "Sorry, couldn't guess a value for py-indent-offset"))))
965 (defun py-shift-region (start end count)
966 (save-excursion
967 (goto-char end) (beginning-of-line) (setq end (point))
968 (goto-char start) (beginning-of-line) (setq start (point))
969 (indent-rigidly start end count)))
971 (defun py-shift-region-left (start end &optional count)
972 "Shift region of Python code to the left.
973 The lines from the line containing the start of the current region up
974 to (but not including) the line containing the end of the region are
975 shifted to the left, by `py-indent-offset' columns.
977 If a prefix argument is given, the region is instead shifted by that
978 many columns."
979 (interactive "*r\nP") ; region; raw prefix arg
980 (py-shift-region start end
981 (- (prefix-numeric-value
982 (or count py-indent-offset)))))
984 (defun py-shift-region-right (start end &optional count)
985 "Shift region of Python code to the right.
986 The lines from the line containing the start of the current region up
987 to (but not including) the line containing the end of the region are
988 shifted to the right, by `py-indent-offset' columns.
990 If a prefix argument is given, the region is instead shifted by that
991 many columns."
992 (interactive "*r\nP") ; region; raw prefix arg
993 (py-shift-region start end (prefix-numeric-value
994 (or count py-indent-offset))))
996 (defun py-indent-region (start end &optional indent-offset)
997 "Reindent a region of Python code.
998 The lines from the line containing the start of the current region up
999 to (but not including) the line containing the end of the region are
1000 reindented. If the first line of the region has a non-whitespace
1001 character in the first column, the first line is left alone and the
1002 rest of the region is reindented with respect to it. Else the entire
1003 region is reindented with respect to the (closest code or
1004 indenting-comment) statement immediately preceding the region.
1006 This is useful when code blocks are moved or yanked, when enclosing
1007 control structures are introduced or removed, or to reformat code
1008 using a new value for the indentation offset.
1010 If a numeric prefix argument is given, it will be used as the value of
1011 the indentation offset. Else the value of `py-indent-offset' will be
1012 used.
1014 Warning: The region must be consistently indented before this function
1015 is called! This function does not compute proper indentation from
1016 scratch (that's impossible in Python), it merely adjusts the existing
1017 indentation to be correct in context.
1019 Warning: This function really has no idea what to do with
1020 non-indenting comment lines, and shifts them as if they were indenting
1021 comment lines. Fixing this appears to require telepathy.
1023 Special cases: whitespace is deleted from blank lines; continuation
1024 lines are shifted by the same amount their initial line was shifted,
1025 in order to preserve their relative indentation with respect to their
1026 initial line; and comment lines beginning in column 1 are ignored."
1027 (interactive "*r\nP") ; region; raw prefix arg
1028 (save-excursion
1029 (goto-char end) (beginning-of-line) (setq end (point-marker))
1030 (goto-char start) (beginning-of-line)
1031 (let ((py-indent-offset (prefix-numeric-value
1032 (or indent-offset py-indent-offset)))
1033 (indents '(-1)) ; stack of active indent levels
1034 (target-column 0) ; column to which to indent
1035 (base-shifted-by 0) ; amount last base line was shifted
1036 (indent-base (if (looking-at "[ \t\n]")
1037 (py-compute-indentation)
1040 (while (< (point) end)
1041 (setq ci (current-indentation))
1042 ;; figure out appropriate target column
1043 (cond
1044 ((or (eq (following-char) ?#) ; comment in column 1
1045 (looking-at "[ \t]*$")) ; entirely blank
1046 (setq target-column 0))
1047 ((py-continuation-line-p) ; shift relative to base line
1048 (setq target-column (+ ci base-shifted-by)))
1049 (t ; new base line
1050 (if (> ci (car indents)) ; going deeper; push it
1051 (setq indents (cons ci indents))
1052 ;; else we should have seen this indent before
1053 (setq indents (memq ci indents)) ; pop deeper indents
1054 (if (null indents)
1055 (error "Bad indentation in region, at line %d"
1056 (save-restriction
1057 (widen)
1058 (1+ (count-lines 1 (point)))))))
1059 (setq target-column (+ indent-base
1060 (* py-indent-offset
1061 (- (length indents) 2))))
1062 (setq base-shifted-by (- target-column ci))))
1063 ;; shift as needed
1064 (if (/= ci target-column)
1065 (progn
1066 (delete-horizontal-space)
1067 (indent-to target-column)))
1068 (forward-line 1))))
1069 (set-marker end nil))
1072 ;; Functions for moving point
1073 (defun py-previous-statement (count)
1074 "Go to the start of previous Python statement.
1075 If the statement at point is the i'th Python statement, goes to the
1076 start of statement i-COUNT. If there is no such statement, goes to the
1077 first statement. Returns count of statements left to move.
1078 `Statements' do not include blank, comment, or continuation lines."
1079 (interactive "p") ; numeric prefix arg
1080 (if (< count 0) (py-next-statement (- count))
1081 (py-goto-initial-line)
1082 (let (start)
1083 (while (and
1084 (setq start (point)) ; always true -- side effect
1085 (> count 0)
1086 (zerop (forward-line -1))
1087 (py-goto-statement-at-or-above))
1088 (setq count (1- count)))
1089 (if (> count 0) (goto-char start)))
1090 count))
1092 (defun py-next-statement (count)
1093 "Go to the start of next Python statement.
1094 If the statement at point is the i'th Python statement, goes to the
1095 start of statement i+COUNT. If there is no such statement, goes to the
1096 last statement. Returns count of statements left to move. `Statements'
1097 do not include blank, comment, or continuation lines."
1098 (interactive "p") ; numeric prefix arg
1099 (if (< count 0) (py-previous-statement (- count))
1100 (beginning-of-line)
1101 (let (start)
1102 (while (and
1103 (setq start (point)) ; always true -- side effect
1104 (> count 0)
1105 (py-goto-statement-below))
1106 (setq count (1- count)))
1107 (if (> count 0) (goto-char start)))
1108 count))
1110 (defun py-goto-block-up (&optional nomark)
1111 "Move up to start of current block.
1112 Go to the statement that starts the smallest enclosing block; roughly
1113 speaking, this will be the closest preceding statement that ends with a
1114 colon and is indented less than the statement you started on. If
1115 successful, also sets the mark to the starting point.
1117 `\\[py-mark-block]' can be used afterward to mark the whole code
1118 block, if desired.
1120 If called from a program, the mark will not be set if optional argument
1121 NOMARK is not nil."
1122 (interactive)
1123 (let ((start (point))
1124 (found nil)
1125 initial-indent)
1126 (py-goto-initial-line)
1127 ;; if on blank or non-indenting comment line, use the preceding stmt
1128 (if (looking-at "[ \t]*\\($\\|#[^ \t\n]\\)")
1129 (progn
1130 (py-goto-statement-at-or-above)
1131 (setq found (py-statement-opens-block-p))))
1132 ;; search back for colon line indented less
1133 (setq initial-indent (current-indentation))
1134 (if (zerop initial-indent)
1135 ;; force fast exit
1136 (goto-char (point-min)))
1137 (while (not (or found (bobp)))
1138 (setq found
1139 (and
1140 (re-search-backward ":[ \t]*\\($\\|[#\\]\\)" nil 'move)
1141 (or (py-goto-initial-line) t) ; always true -- side effect
1142 (< (current-indentation) initial-indent)
1143 (py-statement-opens-block-p))))
1144 (if found
1145 (progn
1146 (or nomark (push-mark start))
1147 (back-to-indentation))
1148 (goto-char start)
1149 (error "Enclosing block not found"))))
1151 (defun beginning-of-python-def-or-class (&optional class)
1152 "Move point to start of def (or class, with prefix arg).
1154 Searches back for the closest preceding `def'. If you supply a prefix
1155 arg, looks for a `class' instead. The docs assume the `def' case;
1156 just substitute `class' for `def' for the other case.
1158 If point is in a def statement already, and after the `d', simply
1159 moves point to the start of the statement.
1161 Else (point is not in a def statement, or at or before the `d' of a
1162 def statement), searches for the closest preceding def statement, and
1163 leaves point at its start. If no such statement can be found, leaves
1164 point at the start of the buffer.
1166 Returns t iff a def statement is found by these rules.
1168 Note that doing this command repeatedly will take you closer to the
1169 start of the buffer each time.
1171 If you want to mark the current def/class, see
1172 `\\[mark-python-def-or-class]'."
1173 (interactive "P") ; raw prefix arg
1174 (let ((at-or-before-p (<= (current-column) (current-indentation)))
1175 (start-of-line (progn (beginning-of-line) (point)))
1176 (start-of-stmt (progn (py-goto-initial-line) (point))))
1177 (if (or (/= start-of-stmt start-of-line)
1178 (not at-or-before-p))
1179 (end-of-line)) ; OK to match on this line
1180 (re-search-backward (if class "^[ \t]*class\\>" "^[ \t]*def\\>")
1181 nil 'move)))
1183 (defun end-of-python-def-or-class (&optional class)
1184 "Move point beyond end of def (or class, with prefix arg) body.
1186 By default, looks for an appropriate `def'. If you supply a prefix arg,
1187 looks for a `class' instead. The docs assume the `def' case; just
1188 substitute `class' for `def' for the other case.
1190 If point is in a def statement already, this is the def we use.
1192 Else if the def found by `\\[beginning-of-python-def-or-class]'
1193 contains the statement you started on, that's the def we use.
1195 Else we search forward for the closest following def, and use that.
1197 If a def can be found by these rules, point is moved to the start of
1198 the line immediately following the def block, and the position of the
1199 start of the def is returned.
1201 Else point is moved to the end of the buffer, and nil is returned.
1203 Note that doing this command repeatedly will take you closer to the
1204 end of the buffer each time.
1206 If you want to mark the current def/class, see
1207 `\\[mark-python-def-or-class]'."
1208 (interactive "P") ; raw prefix arg
1209 (let ((start (progn (py-goto-initial-line) (point)))
1210 (which (if class "class" "def"))
1211 (state 'not-found))
1212 ;; move point to start of appropriate def/class
1213 (if (looking-at (concat "[ \t]*" which "\\>")) ; already on one
1214 (setq state 'at-beginning)
1215 ;; else see if beginning-of-python-def-or-class hits container
1216 (if (and (beginning-of-python-def-or-class class)
1217 (progn (py-goto-beyond-block)
1218 (> (point) start)))
1219 (setq state 'at-end)
1220 ;; else search forward
1221 (goto-char start)
1222 (if (re-search-forward (concat "^[ \t]*" which "\\>") nil 'move)
1223 (progn (setq state 'at-beginning)
1224 (beginning-of-line)))))
1225 (cond
1226 ((eq state 'at-beginning) (py-goto-beyond-block) t)
1227 ((eq state 'at-end) t)
1228 ((eq state 'not-found) nil)
1229 (t (error "internal error in end-of-python-def-or-class")))))
1232 ;; Functions for marking regions
1233 (defun py-mark-block (&optional extend just-move)
1234 "Mark following block of lines. With prefix arg, mark structure.
1235 Easier to use than explain. It sets the region to an `interesting'
1236 block of succeeding lines. If point is on a blank line, it goes down to
1237 the next non-blank line. That will be the start of the region. The end
1238 of the region depends on the kind of line at the start:
1240 - If a comment, the region will include all succeeding comment lines up
1241 to (but not including) the next non-comment line (if any).
1243 - Else if a prefix arg is given, and the line begins one of these
1244 structures:
1246 if elif else try except finally for while def class
1248 the region will be set to the body of the structure, including
1249 following blocks that `belong' to it, but excluding trailing blank
1250 and comment lines. E.g., if on a `try' statement, the `try' block
1251 and all (if any) of the following `except' and `finally' blocks
1252 that belong to the `try' structure will be in the region. Ditto
1253 for if/elif/else, for/else and while/else structures, and (a bit
1254 degenerate, since they're always one-block structures) def and
1255 class blocks.
1257 - Else if no prefix argument is given, and the line begins a Python
1258 block (see list above), and the block is not a `one-liner' (i.e.,
1259 the statement ends with a colon, not with code), the region will
1260 include all succeeding lines up to (but not including) the next
1261 code statement (if any) that's indented no more than the starting
1262 line, except that trailing blank and comment lines are excluded.
1263 E.g., if the starting line begins a multi-statement `def'
1264 structure, the region will be set to the full function definition,
1265 but without any trailing `noise' lines.
1267 - Else the region will include all succeeding lines up to (but not
1268 including) the next blank line, or code or indenting-comment line
1269 indented strictly less than the starting line. Trailing indenting
1270 comment lines are included in this case, but not trailing blank
1271 lines.
1273 A msg identifying the location of the mark is displayed in the echo
1274 area; or do `\\[exchange-point-and-mark]' to flip down to the end.
1276 If called from a program, optional argument EXTEND plays the role of
1277 the prefix arg, and if optional argument JUST-MOVE is not nil, just
1278 moves to the end of the block (& does not set mark or display a msg)."
1279 (interactive "P") ; raw prefix arg
1280 (py-goto-initial-line)
1281 ;; skip over blank lines
1282 (while (and
1283 (looking-at "[ \t]*$") ; while blank line
1284 (not (eobp))) ; & somewhere to go
1285 (forward-line 1))
1286 (if (eobp)
1287 (error "Hit end of buffer without finding a non-blank stmt"))
1288 (let ((initial-pos (point))
1289 (initial-indent (current-indentation))
1290 last-pos ; position of last stmt in region
1291 (followers
1292 '((if elif else) (elif elif else) (else)
1293 (try except finally) (except except) (finally)
1294 (for else) (while else)
1295 (def) (class) ) )
1296 first-symbol next-symbol)
1298 (cond
1299 ;; if comment line, suck up the following comment lines
1300 ((looking-at "[ \t]*#")
1301 (re-search-forward "^[ \t]*[^ \t#]" nil 'move) ; look for non-comment
1302 (re-search-backward "^[ \t]*#") ; and back to last comment in block
1303 (setq last-pos (point)))
1305 ;; else if line is a block line and EXTEND given, suck up
1306 ;; the whole structure
1307 ((and extend
1308 (setq first-symbol (py-suck-up-first-keyword) )
1309 (assq first-symbol followers))
1310 (while (and
1311 (or (py-goto-beyond-block) t) ; side effect
1312 (forward-line -1) ; side effect
1313 (setq last-pos (point)) ; side effect
1314 (py-goto-statement-below)
1315 (= (current-indentation) initial-indent)
1316 (setq next-symbol (py-suck-up-first-keyword))
1317 (memq next-symbol (cdr (assq first-symbol followers))))
1318 (setq first-symbol next-symbol)))
1320 ;; else if line *opens* a block, search for next stmt indented <=
1321 ((py-statement-opens-block-p)
1322 (while (and
1323 (setq last-pos (point)) ; always true -- side effect
1324 (py-goto-statement-below)
1325 (> (current-indentation) initial-indent))
1326 nil))
1328 ;; else plain code line; stop at next blank line, or stmt or
1329 ;; indenting comment line indented <
1331 (while (and
1332 (setq last-pos (point)) ; always true -- side effect
1333 (or (py-goto-beyond-final-line) t)
1334 (not (looking-at "[ \t]*$")) ; stop at blank line
1336 (>= (current-indentation) initial-indent)
1337 (looking-at "[ \t]*#[^ \t\n]"))) ; ignore non-indenting #
1338 nil)))
1340 ;; skip to end of last stmt
1341 (goto-char last-pos)
1342 (py-goto-beyond-final-line)
1344 ;; set mark & display
1345 (if just-move
1346 () ; just return
1347 (push-mark (point) 'no-msg)
1348 (forward-line -1)
1349 (message "Mark set after: %s" (py-suck-up-leading-text))
1350 (goto-char initial-pos))))
1352 (defun mark-python-def-or-class (&optional class)
1353 "Set region to body of def (or class, with prefix arg) enclosing point.
1354 Pushes the current mark, then point, on the mark ring (all language
1355 modes do this, but although it's handy it's never documented ...).
1357 In most Emacs language modes, this function bears at least a
1358 hallucinogenic resemblance to `\\[end-of-python-def-or-class]' and
1359 `\\[beginning-of-python-def-or-class]'.
1361 And in earlier versions of Python mode, all 3 were tightly connected.
1362 Turned out that was more confusing than useful: the `goto start' and
1363 `goto end' commands are usually used to search through a file, and
1364 people expect them to act a lot like `search backward' and `search
1365 forward' string-search commands. But because Python `def' and `class'
1366 can nest to arbitrary levels, finding the smallest def containing
1367 point cannot be done via a simple backward search: the def containing
1368 point may not be the closest preceding def, or even the closest
1369 preceding def that's indented less. The fancy algorithm required is
1370 appropriate for the usual uses of this `mark' command, but not for the
1371 `goto' variations.
1373 So the def marked by this command may not be the one either of the
1374 `goto' commands find: If point is on a blank or non-indenting comment
1375 line, moves back to start of the closest preceding code statement or
1376 indenting comment line. If this is a `def' statement, that's the def
1377 we use. Else searches for the smallest enclosing `def' block and uses
1378 that. Else signals an error.
1380 When an enclosing def is found: The mark is left immediately beyond
1381 the last line of the def block. Point is left at the start of the
1382 def, except that: if the def is preceded by a number of comment lines
1383 followed by (at most) one optional blank line, point is left at the
1384 start of the comments; else if the def is preceded by a blank line,
1385 point is left at its start.
1387 The intent is to mark the containing def/class and its associated
1388 documentation, to make moving and duplicating functions and classes
1389 pleasant."
1390 (interactive "P") ; raw prefix arg
1391 (let ((start (point))
1392 (which (if class "class" "def")))
1393 (push-mark start)
1394 (if (not (py-go-up-tree-to-keyword which))
1395 (progn (goto-char start)
1396 (error "Enclosing %s not found" which))
1397 ;; else enclosing def/class found
1398 (setq start (point))
1399 (py-goto-beyond-block)
1400 (push-mark (point))
1401 (goto-char start)
1402 (if (zerop (forward-line -1)) ; if there is a preceding line
1403 (progn
1404 (if (looking-at "[ \t]*$") ; it's blank
1405 (setq start (point)) ; so reset start point
1406 (goto-char start)) ; else try again
1407 (if (zerop (forward-line -1))
1408 (if (looking-at "[ \t]*#") ; a comment
1409 ;; look back for non-comment line
1410 ;; tricky: note that the regexp matches a blank
1411 ;; line, cuz \n is in the 2nd character class
1412 (and
1413 (re-search-backward "^[ \t]*[^ \t#]" nil 'move)
1414 (forward-line 1))
1415 ;; no comment, so go back
1416 (goto-char start))))))))
1418 (defun py-comment-region (start end &optional uncomment-p)
1419 "Comment out region of code; with prefix arg, uncomment region.
1420 The lines from the line containing the start of the current region up
1421 to (but not including) the line containing the end of the region are
1422 commented out, by inserting the string `py-block-comment-prefix' at
1423 the start of each line. With a prefix arg, removes
1424 `py-block-comment-prefix' from the start of each line instead."
1425 (interactive "*r\nP") ; region; raw prefix arg
1426 (goto-char end) (beginning-of-line) (setq end (point))
1427 (goto-char start) (beginning-of-line) (setq start (point))
1428 (let ((prefix-len (length py-block-comment-prefix)) )
1429 (save-excursion
1430 (save-restriction
1431 (narrow-to-region start end)
1432 (while (not (eobp))
1433 (if uncomment-p
1434 (and (string= py-block-comment-prefix
1435 (buffer-substring
1436 (point) (+ (point) prefix-len)))
1437 (delete-char prefix-len))
1438 (insert py-block-comment-prefix))
1439 (forward-line 1))))))
1442 ;; Documentation functions
1444 ;; dump the long form of the mode blurb; does the usual doc escapes,
1445 ;; plus lines of the form ^[vc]:name$ to suck variable & command docs
1446 ;; out of the right places, along with the keys they're on & current
1447 ;; values
1448 (defun py-dump-help-string (str)
1449 (with-output-to-temp-buffer "*Help*"
1450 (let ((locals (buffer-local-variables))
1451 funckind funcname func funcdoc
1452 (start 0) mstart end
1453 keys )
1454 (while (string-match "^%\\([vc]\\):\\(.+\\)\n" str start)
1455 (setq mstart (match-beginning 0) end (match-end 0)
1456 funckind (substring str (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1))
1457 funcname (substring str (match-beginning 2) (match-end 2))
1458 func (intern funcname))
1459 (princ (substitute-command-keys (substring str start mstart)))
1460 (cond
1461 ((equal funckind "c") ; command
1462 (setq funcdoc (documentation func)
1463 keys (concat
1464 "Key(s): "
1465 (mapconcat 'key-description
1466 (where-is-internal func py-mode-map)
1467 ", "))))
1468 ((equal funckind "v") ; variable
1469 (setq funcdoc (substitute-command-keys
1470 (get func 'variable-documentation))
1471 keys (if (assq func locals)
1472 (concat
1473 "Local/Global values: "
1474 (prin1-to-string (symbol-value func))
1475 " / "
1476 (prin1-to-string (default-value func)))
1477 (concat
1478 "Value: "
1479 (prin1-to-string (symbol-value func))))))
1480 (t ; unexpected
1481 (error "Error in py-dump-help-string, tag `%s'" funckind)))
1482 (princ (format "\n-> %s:\t%s\t%s\n\n"
1483 (if (equal funckind "c") "Command" "Variable")
1484 funcname keys))
1485 (princ funcdoc)
1486 (terpri)
1487 (setq start end))
1488 (princ (substitute-command-keys (substring str start))))
1489 (print-help-return-message)))
1491 (defun py-describe-mode ()
1492 "Dump long form of Python-mode docs."
1493 (interactive)
1494 (py-dump-help-string "Major mode for editing Python files.
1495 Knows about Python indentation, tokens, comments and continuation lines.
1496 Paragraphs are separated by blank lines only.
1498 Major sections below begin with the string `@'; specific function and
1499 variable docs begin with `->'.
1501 @EXECUTING PYTHON CODE
1503 \\[py-execute-buffer]\tsends the entire buffer to the Python interpreter
1504 \\[py-execute-region]\tsends the current region
1505 \\[py-shell]\tstarts a Python interpreter window; this will be used by
1506 \tsubsequent \\[py-execute-buffer] or \\[py-execute-region] commands
1507 %c:py-execute-buffer
1508 %c:py-execute-region
1509 %c:py-shell
1511 @VARIABLES
1513 py-indent-offset\tindentation increment
1514 py-block-comment-prefix\tcomment string used by py-comment-region
1516 py-python-command\tshell command to invoke Python interpreter
1517 py-scroll-process-buffer\talways scroll Python process buffer
1518 py-temp-directory\tdirectory used for temp files (if needed)
1520 py-beep-if-tab-change\tring the bell if tab-width is changed
1521 %v:py-indent-offset
1522 %v:py-block-comment-prefix
1523 %v:py-python-command
1524 %v:py-scroll-process-buffer
1525 %v:py-temp-directory
1526 %v:py-beep-if-tab-change
1528 @KINDS OF LINES
1530 Each physical line in the file is either a `continuation line' (the
1531 preceding line ends with a backslash that's not part of a comment, or
1532 the paren/bracket/brace nesting level at the start of the line is
1533 non-zero, or both) or an `initial line' (everything else).
1535 An initial line is in turn a `blank line' (contains nothing except
1536 possibly blanks or tabs), a `comment line' (leftmost non-blank
1537 character is `#'), or a `code line' (everything else).
1539 Comment Lines
1541 Although all comment lines are treated alike by Python, Python mode
1542 recognizes two kinds that act differently with respect to indentation.
1544 An `indenting comment line' is a comment line with a blank, tab or
1545 nothing after the initial `#'. The indentation commands (see below)
1546 treat these exactly as if they were code lines: a line following an
1547 indenting comment line will be indented like the comment line. All
1548 other comment lines (those with a non-whitespace character immediately
1549 following the initial `#') are `non-indenting comment lines', and
1550 their indentation is ignored by the indentation commands.
1552 Indenting comment lines are by far the usual case, and should be used
1553 whenever possible. Non-indenting comment lines are useful in cases
1554 like these:
1556 \ta = b # a very wordy single-line comment that ends up being
1557 \t #... continued onto another line
1559 \tif a == b:
1560 ##\t\tprint 'panic!' # old code we've `commented out'
1561 \t\treturn a
1563 Since the `#...' and `##' comment lines have a non-whitespace
1564 character following the initial `#', Python mode ignores them when
1565 computing the proper indentation for the next line.
1567 Continuation Lines and Statements
1569 The Python-mode commands generally work on statements instead of on
1570 individual lines, where a `statement' is a comment or blank line, or a
1571 code line and all of its following continuation lines (if any)
1572 considered as a single logical unit. The commands in this mode
1573 generally (when it makes sense) automatically move to the start of the
1574 statement containing point, even if point happens to be in the middle
1575 of some continuation line.
1578 @INDENTATION
1580 Primarily for entering new code:
1581 \t\\[indent-for-tab-command]\t indent line appropriately
1582 \t\\[py-newline-and-indent]\t insert newline, then indent
1583 \t\\[py-delete-char]\t reduce indentation, or delete single character
1585 Primarily for reindenting existing code:
1586 \t\\[py-guess-indent-offset]\t guess py-indent-offset from file content; change locally
1587 \t\\[universal-argument] \\[py-guess-indent-offset]\t ditto, but change globally
1589 \t\\[py-indent-region]\t reindent region to match its context
1590 \t\\[py-shift-region-left]\t shift region left by py-indent-offset
1591 \t\\[py-shift-region-right]\t shift region right by py-indent-offset
1593 Unlike most programming languages, Python uses indentation, and only
1594 indentation, to specify block structure. Hence the indentation supplied
1595 automatically by Python-mode is just an educated guess: only you know
1596 the block structure you intend, so only you can supply correct
1597 indentation.
1599 The \\[indent-for-tab-command] and \\[py-newline-and-indent] keys try to suggest plausible indentation, based on
1600 the indentation of preceding statements. E.g., assuming
1601 py-indent-offset is 4, after you enter
1602 \tif a > 0: \\[py-newline-and-indent]
1603 the cursor will be moved to the position of the `_' (_ is not a
1604 character in the file, it's just used here to indicate the location of
1605 the cursor):
1606 \tif a > 0:
1607 \t _
1608 If you then enter `c = d' \\[py-newline-and-indent], the cursor will move
1610 \tif a > 0:
1611 \t c = d
1612 \t _
1613 Python-mode cannot know whether that's what you intended, or whether
1614 \tif a > 0:
1615 \t c = d
1617 was your intent. In general, Python-mode either reproduces the
1618 indentation of the (closest code or indenting-comment) preceding
1619 statement, or adds an extra py-indent-offset blanks if the preceding
1620 statement has `:' as its last significant (non-whitespace and non-
1621 comment) character. If the suggested indentation is too much, use
1622 \\[py-delete-char] to reduce it.
1624 Continuation lines are given extra indentation. If you don't like the
1625 suggested indentation, change it to something you do like, and Python-
1626 mode will strive to indent later lines of the statement in the same way.
1628 If a line is a continuation line by virtue of being in an unclosed
1629 paren/bracket/brace structure (`list', for short), the suggested
1630 indentation depends on whether the current line contains the first item
1631 in the list. If it does, it's indented py-indent-offset columns beyond
1632 the indentation of the line containing the open bracket. If you don't
1633 like that, change it by hand. The remaining items in the list will mimic
1634 whatever indentation you give to the first item.
1636 If a line is a continuation line because the line preceding it ends with
1637 a backslash, the third and following lines of the statement inherit their
1638 indentation from the line preceding them. The indentation of the second
1639 line in the statement depends on the form of the first (base) line: if
1640 the base line is an assignment statement with anything more interesting
1641 than the backslash following the leftmost assigning `=', the second line
1642 is indented two columns beyond that `='. Else it's indented to two
1643 columns beyond the leftmost solid chunk of non-whitespace characters on
1644 the base line.
1646 Warning: indent-region should not normally be used! It calls \\[indent-for-tab-command]
1647 repeatedly, and as explained above, \\[indent-for-tab-command] can't guess the block
1648 structure you intend.
1649 %c:indent-for-tab-command
1650 %c:py-newline-and-indent
1651 %c:py-delete-char
1654 The next function may be handy when editing code you didn't write:
1655 %c:py-guess-indent-offset
1658 The remaining `indent' functions apply to a region of Python code. They
1659 assume the block structure (equals indentation, in Python) of the region
1660 is correct, and alter the indentation in various ways while preserving
1661 the block structure:
1662 %c:py-indent-region
1663 %c:py-shift-region-left
1664 %c:py-shift-region-right
1666 @MARKING & MANIPULATING REGIONS OF CODE
1668 \\[py-mark-block]\t mark block of lines
1669 \\[mark-python-def-or-class]\t mark smallest enclosing def
1670 \\[universal-argument] \\[mark-python-def-or-class]\t mark smallest enclosing class
1671 \\[py-comment-region]\t comment out region of code
1672 \\[universal-argument] \\[py-comment-region]\t uncomment region of code
1673 %c:py-mark-block
1674 %c:mark-python-def-or-class
1675 %c:py-comment-region
1677 @MOVING POINT
1679 \\[py-previous-statement]\t move to statement preceding point
1680 \\[py-next-statement]\t move to statement following point
1681 \\[py-goto-block-up]\t move up to start of current block
1682 \\[beginning-of-python-def-or-class]\t move to start of def
1683 \\[universal-argument] \\[beginning-of-python-def-or-class]\t move to start of class
1684 \\[end-of-python-def-or-class]\t move to end of def
1685 \\[universal-argument] \\[end-of-python-def-or-class]\t move to end of class
1687 The first two move to one statement beyond the statement that contains
1688 point. A numeric prefix argument tells them to move that many
1689 statements instead. Blank lines, comment lines, and continuation lines
1690 do not count as `statements' for these commands. So, e.g., you can go
1691 to the first code statement in a file by entering
1692 \t\\[beginning-of-buffer]\t to move to the top of the file
1693 \t\\[py-next-statement]\t to skip over initial comments and blank lines
1694 Or do `\\[py-previous-statement]' with a huge prefix argument.
1695 %c:py-previous-statement
1696 %c:py-next-statement
1697 %c:py-goto-block-up
1698 %c:beginning-of-python-def-or-class
1699 %c:end-of-python-def-or-class
1701 @LITTLE-KNOWN EMACS COMMANDS PARTICULARLY USEFUL IN PYTHON MODE
1703 `\\[indent-new-comment-line]' is handy for entering a multi-line comment.
1705 `\\[set-selective-display]' with a `small' prefix arg is ideally suited for viewing the
1706 overall class and def structure of a module.
1708 `\\[back-to-indentation]' moves point to a line's first non-blank character.
1710 `\\[indent-relative]' is handy for creating odd indentation.
1712 @OTHER EMACS HINTS
1714 If you don't like the default value of a variable, change its value to
1715 whatever you do like by putting a `setq' line in your .emacs file.
1716 E.g., to set the indentation increment to 4, put this line in your
1717 .emacs:
1718 \t(setq py-indent-offset 4)
1719 To see the value of a variable, do `\\[describe-variable]' and enter the variable
1720 name at the prompt.
1722 When entering a key sequence like `C-c C-n', it is not necessary to
1723 release the CONTROL key after doing the `C-c' part -- it suffices to
1724 press the CONTROL key, press and release `c' (while still holding down
1725 CONTROL), press and release `n' (while still holding down CONTROL), &
1726 then release CONTROL.
1728 Entering Python mode calls with no arguments the value of the variable
1729 `python-mode-hook', if that value exists and is not nil; for backward
1730 compatibility it also tries `py-mode-hook'; see the `Hooks' section of
1731 the Elisp manual for details.
1733 Obscure: When python-mode is first loaded, it looks for all bindings
1734 to newline-and-indent in the global keymap, and shadows them with
1735 local bindings to py-newline-and-indent."))
1738 ;; Helper functions
1739 (defvar py-parse-state-re
1740 (concat
1741 "^[ \t]*\\(if\\|elif\\|else\\|while\\|def\\|class\\)\\>"
1742 "\\|"
1743 "^[^ #\t\n]"))
1745 ;; returns the parse state at point (see parse-partial-sexp docs)
1746 (defun py-parse-state ()
1747 (save-excursion
1748 (let ((here (point)) )
1749 ;; back up to the first preceding line (if any; else start of
1750 ;; buffer) that begins with a popular Python keyword, or a non-
1751 ;; whitespace and non-comment character. These are good places
1752 ;; to start parsing to see whether where we started is at a
1753 ;; non-zero nesting level. It may be slow for people who write
1754 ;; huge code blocks or huge lists ... tough beans.
1755 (re-search-backward py-parse-state-re nil 'move)
1756 (beginning-of-line)
1757 (parse-partial-sexp (point) here))))
1759 ;; if point is at a non-zero nesting level, returns the number of the
1760 ;; character that opens the smallest enclosing unclosed list; else
1761 ;; returns nil.
1762 (defun py-nesting-level ()
1763 (let ((status (py-parse-state)) )
1764 (if (zerop (car status))
1765 nil ; not in a nest
1766 (car (cdr status))))) ; char# of open bracket
1768 ;; t iff preceding line ends with backslash that's not in a comment
1769 (defun py-backslash-continuation-line-p ()
1770 (save-excursion
1771 (beginning-of-line)
1772 (and
1773 ;; use a cheap test first to avoid the regexp if possible
1774 ;; use 'eq' because char-after may return nil
1775 (eq (char-after (- (point) 2)) ?\\ )
1776 ;; make sure; since eq test passed, there is a preceding line
1777 (forward-line -1) ; always true -- side effect
1778 (looking-at py-continued-re))))
1780 ;; t iff current line is a continuation line
1781 (defun py-continuation-line-p ()
1782 (save-excursion
1783 (beginning-of-line)
1784 (or (py-backslash-continuation-line-p)
1785 (py-nesting-level))))
1787 ;; go to initial line of current statement; usually this is the line
1788 ;; we're on, but if we're on the 2nd or following lines of a
1789 ;; continuation block, we need to go up to the first line of the
1790 ;; block.
1792 ;; Tricky: We want to avoid quadratic-time behavior for long continued
1793 ;; blocks, whether of the backslash or open-bracket varieties, or a
1794 ;; mix of the two. The following manages to do that in the usual
1795 ;; cases.
1796 (defun py-goto-initial-line ()
1797 (let ( open-bracket-pos )
1798 (while (py-continuation-line-p)
1799 (beginning-of-line)
1800 (if (py-backslash-continuation-line-p)
1801 (while (py-backslash-continuation-line-p)
1802 (forward-line -1))
1803 ;; else zip out of nested brackets/braces/parens
1804 (while (setq open-bracket-pos (py-nesting-level))
1805 (goto-char open-bracket-pos)))))
1806 (beginning-of-line))
1808 ;; go to point right beyond final line of current statement; usually
1809 ;; this is the start of the next line, but if this is a multi-line
1810 ;; statement we need to skip over the continuation lines. Tricky:
1811 ;; Again we need to be clever to avoid quadratic time behavior.
1812 (defun py-goto-beyond-final-line ()
1813 (forward-line 1)
1814 (let (state)
1815 (while (and (py-continuation-line-p)
1816 (not (eobp)))
1817 ;; skip over the backslash flavor
1818 (while (and (py-backslash-continuation-line-p)
1819 (not (eobp)))
1820 (forward-line 1))
1821 ;; if in nest, zip to the end of the nest
1822 (setq state (py-parse-state))
1823 (if (and (not (zerop (car state)))
1824 (not (eobp)))
1825 (progn
1826 ;; BUG ALERT: I could swear, from reading the docs, that
1827 ;; the 3rd argument should be plain 0
1828 (parse-partial-sexp (point) (point-max) (- 0 (car state))
1829 nil state)
1830 (forward-line 1))))))
1832 ;; t iff statement opens a block == iff it ends with a colon that's
1833 ;; not in a comment. point should be at the start of a statement
1834 (defun py-statement-opens-block-p ()
1835 (save-excursion
1836 (let ((start (point))
1837 (finish (progn (py-goto-beyond-final-line) (1- (point))))
1838 (searching t)
1839 (answer nil)
1840 state)
1841 (goto-char start)
1842 (while searching
1843 ;; look for a colon with nothing after it except whitespace, and
1844 ;; maybe a comment
1845 (if (re-search-forward ":\\([ \t]\\|\\\\\n\\)*\\(#.*\\)?$"
1846 finish t)
1847 (if (eq (point) finish) ; note: no `else' clause; just
1848 ; keep searching if we're not at
1849 ; the end yet
1850 ;; sure looks like it opens a block -- but it might
1851 ;; be in a comment
1852 (progn
1853 (setq searching nil) ; search is done either way
1854 (setq state (parse-partial-sexp start
1855 (match-beginning 0)))
1856 (setq answer (not (nth 4 state)))))
1857 ;; search failed: couldn't find another interesting colon
1858 (setq searching nil)))
1859 answer)))
1861 ;; go to point right beyond final line of block begun by the current
1862 ;; line. This is the same as where py-goto-beyond-final-line goes
1863 ;; unless we're on colon line, in which case we go to the end of the
1864 ;; block. assumes point is at bolp
1865 (defun py-goto-beyond-block ()
1866 (if (py-statement-opens-block-p)
1867 (py-mark-block nil 'just-move)
1868 (py-goto-beyond-final-line)))
1870 ;; go to start of first statement (not blank or comment or
1871 ;; continuation line) at or preceding point. returns t if there is
1872 ;; one, else nil
1873 (defun py-goto-statement-at-or-above ()
1874 (py-goto-initial-line)
1875 (if (looking-at py-blank-or-comment-re)
1876 ;; skip back over blank & comment lines
1877 ;; note: will skip a blank or comment line that happens to be
1878 ;; a continuation line too
1879 (if (re-search-backward "^[ \t]*[^ \t#\n]" nil t)
1880 (progn (py-goto-initial-line) t)
1881 nil)
1884 ;; go to start of first statement (not blank or comment or
1885 ;; continuation line) following the statement containing point returns
1886 ;; t if there is one, else nil
1887 (defun py-goto-statement-below ()
1888 (beginning-of-line)
1889 (let ((start (point)))
1890 (py-goto-beyond-final-line)
1891 (while (and
1892 (looking-at py-blank-or-comment-re)
1893 (not (eobp)))
1894 (forward-line 1))
1895 (if (eobp)
1896 (progn (goto-char start) nil)
1897 t)))
1899 ;; go to start of statement, at or preceding point, starting with
1900 ;; keyword KEY. Skips blank lines and non-indenting comments upward
1901 ;; first. If that statement starts with KEY, done, else go back to
1902 ;; first enclosing block starting with KEY. If successful, leaves
1903 ;; point at the start of the KEY line & returns t. Else leaves point
1904 ;; at an undefined place & returns nil.
1905 (defun py-go-up-tree-to-keyword (key)
1906 ;; skip blanks and non-indenting #
1907 (py-goto-initial-line)
1908 (while (and
1909 (looking-at "[ \t]*\\($\\|#[^ \t\n]\\)")
1910 (zerop (forward-line -1))) ; go back
1911 nil)
1912 (py-goto-initial-line)
1913 (let* ((re (concat "[ \t]*" key "\\b"))
1914 (case-fold-search nil) ; let* so looking-at sees this
1915 (found (looking-at re))
1916 (dead nil))
1917 (while (not (or found dead))
1918 (condition-case nil ; in case no enclosing block
1919 (py-goto-block-up 'no-mark)
1920 (error (setq dead t)))
1921 (or dead (setq found (looking-at re))))
1922 (beginning-of-line)
1923 found))
1925 ;; return string in buffer from start of indentation to end of line;
1926 ;; prefix "..." if leading whitespace was skipped
1927 (defun py-suck-up-leading-text ()
1928 (save-excursion
1929 (back-to-indentation)
1930 (concat
1931 (if (bolp) "" "...")
1932 (buffer-substring (point) (progn (end-of-line) (point))))))
1934 ;; assuming point at bolp, return first keyword ([a-z]+) on the line,
1935 ;; as a Lisp symbol; return nil if none
1936 (defun py-suck-up-first-keyword ()
1937 (let ((case-fold-search nil))
1938 (if (looking-at "[ \t]*\\([a-z]+\\)\\b")
1939 (intern (buffer-substring (match-beginning 1) (match-end 1)))
1940 nil)))
1942 (defun py-make-temp-name ()
1943 (make-temp-name
1944 (concat (file-name-as-directory py-temp-directory) "python")))
1946 (defun py-delete-file-silently (fname)
1947 (condition-case nil
1948 (delete-file fname)
1949 (error nil)))
1951 (defun py-kill-emacs-hook ()
1952 ;; delete our temp files
1953 (while py-file-queue
1954 (py-delete-file-silently (car py-file-queue))
1955 (setq py-file-queue (cdr py-file-queue)))
1956 (if (not (or py-this-is-lucid-emacs-p py-this-is-emacs-19-p))
1957 ;; run the hook we inherited, if any
1958 (and py-inherited-kill-emacs-hook
1959 (funcall py-inherited-kill-emacs-hook))))
1961 ;; make PROCESS's buffer visible, append STRING to it, and force
1962 ;; display; also make shell-mode believe the user typed this string,
1963 ;; so that kill-output-from-shell and show-output-from-shell work
1964 ;; "right"
1965 (defun py-append-to-process-buffer (process string)
1966 (let ((cbuf (current-buffer))
1967 (pbuf (process-buffer process))
1968 (py-scroll-process-buffer t))
1969 (set-buffer pbuf)
1970 (goto-char (point-max))
1971 (move-marker (process-mark process) (point))
1972 (if (not (or py-this-is-emacs-19-p
1973 py-this-is-lucid-emacs-p))
1974 (move-marker last-input-start (point))) ; muck w/ shell-mode
1975 (funcall (process-filter process) process string)
1976 (if (not (or py-this-is-emacs-19-p
1977 py-this-is-lucid-emacs-p))
1978 (move-marker last-input-end (point))) ; muck w/ shell-mode
1979 (set-buffer cbuf))
1980 (sit-for 0))
1982 (defun py-keep-region-active ()
1983 ;; do whatever is necessary to keep the region active in XEmacs.
1984 ;; Ignore byte-compiler warnings you might see. Also note that
1985 ;; FSF's Emacs 19 does it differently and doesn't its policy doesn't
1986 ;; require us to take explicit action.
1987 (and (boundp 'zmacs-region-stays)
1988 (setq zmacs-region-stays t)))
1991 (defconst py-version "2.30"
1992 "`python-mode' version number.")
1993 (defconst py-help-address "python-mode@python.org"
1994 "Address accepting submission of bug reports.")
1996 (defun py-version ()
1997 "Echo the current version of `python-mode' in the minibuffer."
1998 (interactive)
1999 (message "Using `python-mode' version %s" py-version)
2000 (py-keep-region-active))
2002 ;; only works under Emacs 19
2003 ;(eval-when-compile
2004 ; (require 'reporter))
2006 (defun py-submit-bug-report (enhancement-p)
2007 "Submit via mail a bug report on `python-mode'.
2008 With \\[universal-argument] just submit an enhancement request."
2009 (interactive
2010 (list (not (y-or-n-p
2011 "Is this a bug report? (hit `n' to send other comments) "))))
2012 (let ((reporter-prompt-for-summary-p (if enhancement-p
2013 "(Very) brief summary: "
2014 t)))
2015 (require 'reporter)
2016 (reporter-submit-bug-report
2017 py-help-address ;address
2018 (concat "python-mode " py-version) ;pkgname
2019 ;; varlist
2020 (if enhancement-p nil
2021 '(py-python-command
2022 py-indent-offset
2023 py-block-comment-prefix
2024 py-scroll-process-buffer
2025 py-temp-directory
2026 py-beep-if-tab-change))
2027 nil ;pre-hooks
2028 nil ;post-hooks
2029 "Dear Barry,") ;salutation
2030 (if enhancement-p nil
2031 (set-mark (point))
2032 (insert
2033 "Please replace this text with a sufficiently large code sample\n\
2034 and an exact recipe so that I can reproduce your problem. Failure\n\
2035 to do so may mean a greater delay in fixing your bug.\n\n")
2036 (exchange-point-and-mark)
2037 (py-keep-region-active))))
2040 ;; arrange to kill temp files when Emacs exists
2041 (if (or py-this-is-emacs-19-p py-this-is-lucid-emacs-p)
2042 (add-hook 'kill-emacs-hook 'py-kill-emacs-hook)
2043 ;; have to trust that other people are as respectful of our hook
2044 ;; fiddling as we are of theirs
2045 (if (boundp 'py-inherited-kill-emacs-hook)
2046 ;; we were loaded before -- trust others not to have screwed us
2047 ;; in the meantime (no choice, really)
2049 ;; else arrange for our hook to run theirs
2050 (setq py-inherited-kill-emacs-hook kill-emacs-hook)
2051 (setq kill-emacs-hook 'py-kill-emacs-hook)))
2055 (provide 'python-mode)
2056 ;;; python-mode.el ends here