2 * mmap support for qemu
4 * Copyright (c) 2003 Fabrice Bellard
6 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
7 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
8 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
9 * (at your option) any later version.
11 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
12 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
13 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
14 * GNU General Public License for more details.
16 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
17 * along with this program; if not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
25 #include <sys/types.h>
28 #include <linux/mman.h>
29 #include <linux/unistd.h>
32 #include "qemu-common.h"
36 #if defined(CONFIG_USE_NPTL)
37 static pthread_mutex_t mmap_mutex
= PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER
;
38 static __thread
int mmap_lock_count
;
42 if (mmap_lock_count
++ == 0) {
43 pthread_mutex_lock(&mmap_mutex
);
47 void mmap_unlock(void)
49 if (--mmap_lock_count
== 0) {
50 pthread_mutex_unlock(&mmap_mutex
);
54 /* Grab lock to make sure things are in a consistent state after fork(). */
55 void mmap_fork_start(void)
59 pthread_mutex_lock(&mmap_mutex
);
62 void mmap_fork_end(int child
)
65 pthread_mutex_init(&mmap_mutex
, NULL
);
67 pthread_mutex_unlock(&mmap_mutex
);
70 /* We aren't threadsafe to start with, so no need to worry about locking. */
75 void mmap_unlock(void)
80 void *qemu_vmalloc(size_t size
)
85 /* Use map and mark the pages as used. */
86 p
= mmap(NULL
, size
, PROT_READ
| PROT_WRITE
,
87 MAP_PRIVATE
| MAP_ANONYMOUS
, -1, 0);
92 void *qemu_malloc(size_t size
)
96 p
= qemu_vmalloc(size
);
101 /* We use map, which is always zero initialized. */
102 void * qemu_mallocz(size_t size
)
104 return qemu_malloc(size
);
107 void qemu_free(void *ptr
)
109 /* FIXME: We should unmark the reserved pages here. However this gets
110 complicated when one target page spans multiple host pages, so we
113 p
= (size_t *)((char *)ptr
- 16);
117 void *qemu_realloc(void *ptr
, size_t size
)
119 size_t old_size
, copy
;
123 return qemu_malloc(size
);
124 old_size
= *(size_t *)((char *)ptr
- 16);
125 copy
= old_size
< size
? old_size
: size
;
126 new_ptr
= qemu_malloc(size
);
127 memcpy(new_ptr
, ptr
, copy
);
132 /* NOTE: all the constants are the HOST ones, but addresses are target. */
133 int target_mprotect(abi_ulong start
, abi_ulong len
, int prot
)
135 abi_ulong end
, host_start
, host_end
, addr
;
139 printf("mprotect: start=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
140 "len=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
" prot=%c%c%c\n", start
, len
,
141 prot
& PROT_READ
? 'r' : '-',
142 prot
& PROT_WRITE
? 'w' : '-',
143 prot
& PROT_EXEC
? 'x' : '-');
146 if ((start
& ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK
) != 0)
148 len
= TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len
);
152 prot
&= PROT_READ
| PROT_WRITE
| PROT_EXEC
;
157 host_start
= start
& qemu_host_page_mask
;
158 host_end
= HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(end
);
159 if (start
> host_start
) {
160 /* handle host page containing start */
162 for(addr
= host_start
; addr
< start
; addr
+= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
) {
163 prot1
|= page_get_flags(addr
);
165 if (host_end
== host_start
+ qemu_host_page_size
) {
166 for(addr
= end
; addr
< host_end
; addr
+= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
) {
167 prot1
|= page_get_flags(addr
);
171 ret
= mprotect(g2h(host_start
), qemu_host_page_size
, prot1
& PAGE_BITS
);
174 host_start
+= qemu_host_page_size
;
176 if (end
< host_end
) {
178 for(addr
= end
; addr
< host_end
; addr
+= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
) {
179 prot1
|= page_get_flags(addr
);
181 ret
= mprotect(g2h(host_end
- qemu_host_page_size
), qemu_host_page_size
,
185 host_end
-= qemu_host_page_size
;
188 /* handle the pages in the middle */
189 if (host_start
< host_end
) {
190 ret
= mprotect(g2h(host_start
), host_end
- host_start
, prot
);
194 page_set_flags(start
, start
+ len
, prot
| PAGE_VALID
);
202 /* map an incomplete host page */
203 static int mmap_frag(abi_ulong real_start
,
204 abi_ulong start
, abi_ulong end
,
205 int prot
, int flags
, int fd
, abi_ulong offset
)
207 abi_ulong real_end
, addr
;
211 real_end
= real_start
+ qemu_host_page_size
;
212 host_start
= g2h(real_start
);
214 /* get the protection of the target pages outside the mapping */
216 for(addr
= real_start
; addr
< real_end
; addr
++) {
217 if (addr
< start
|| addr
>= end
)
218 prot1
|= page_get_flags(addr
);
222 /* no page was there, so we allocate one */
223 void *p
= mmap(host_start
, qemu_host_page_size
, prot
,
224 flags
| MAP_ANONYMOUS
, -1, 0);
231 prot_new
= prot
| prot1
;
232 if (!(flags
& MAP_ANONYMOUS
)) {
233 /* msync() won't work here, so we return an error if write is
234 possible while it is a shared mapping */
235 if ((flags
& MAP_TYPE
) == MAP_SHARED
&&
239 /* adjust protection to be able to read */
240 if (!(prot1
& PROT_WRITE
))
241 mprotect(host_start
, qemu_host_page_size
, prot1
| PROT_WRITE
);
243 /* read the corresponding file data */
244 if (pread(fd
, g2h(start
), end
- start
, offset
) == -1)
247 /* put final protection */
248 if (prot_new
!= (prot1
| PROT_WRITE
))
249 mprotect(host_start
, qemu_host_page_size
, prot_new
);
251 /* just update the protection */
252 if (prot_new
!= prot1
) {
253 mprotect(host_start
, qemu_host_page_size
, prot_new
);
259 #if HOST_LONG_BITS == 64 && TARGET_ABI_BITS == 64
260 # define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE (1ul << 38)
261 #elif defined(__CYGWIN__)
262 /* Cygwin doesn't have a whole lot of address space. */
263 # define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE 0x18000000
265 # define TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE 0x40000000
267 static abi_ulong mmap_next_start
= TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE
;
269 unsigned long last_brk
;
272 * Find and reserve a free memory area of size 'size'. The search
274 * It must be called with mmap_lock() held.
275 * Return -1 if error.
277 abi_ulong
mmap_find_vma(abi_ulong start
, abi_ulong size
)
283 /* If 'start' == 0, then a default start address is used. */
285 start
= mmap_next_start
;
287 start
&= qemu_host_page_mask
;
290 size
= HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(size
);
293 wrapped
= repeat
= 0;
296 for (;; prev
= ptr
) {
298 * Reserve needed memory area to avoid a race.
299 * It should be discarded using:
300 * - mmap() with MAP_FIXED flag
301 * - mremap() with MREMAP_FIXED flag
302 * - shmat() with SHM_REMAP flag
304 ptr
= mmap(g2h(addr
), size
, PROT_NONE
,
305 MAP_ANONYMOUS
|MAP_PRIVATE
|MAP_NORESERVE
, -1, 0);
307 /* ENOMEM, if host address space has no memory */
308 if (ptr
== MAP_FAILED
) {
309 return (abi_ulong
)-1;
312 /* Count the number of sequential returns of the same address.
313 This is used to modify the search algorithm below. */
314 repeat
= (ptr
== prev
? repeat
+ 1 : 0);
316 if (h2g_valid(ptr
+ size
- 1)) {
319 if ((addr
& ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK
) == 0) {
321 if (start
== mmap_next_start
&& addr
>= TASK_UNMAPPED_BASE
) {
322 mmap_next_start
= addr
+ size
;
327 /* The address is not properly aligned for the target. */
330 /* Assume the result that the kernel gave us is the
331 first with enough free space, so start again at the
332 next higher target page. */
333 addr
= TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(addr
);
336 /* Sometimes the kernel decides to perform the allocation
337 at the top end of memory instead. */
338 addr
&= TARGET_PAGE_MASK
;
341 /* Start over at low memory. */
345 /* Fail. This unaligned block must the last. */
350 /* Since the result the kernel gave didn't fit, start
351 again at low memory. If any repetition, fail. */
352 addr
= (repeat
? -1 : 0);
355 /* Unmap and try again. */
358 /* ENOMEM if we checked the whole of the target address space. */
360 return (abi_ulong
)-1;
361 } else if (addr
== 0) {
363 return (abi_ulong
)-1;
366 /* Don't actually use 0 when wrapping, instead indicate
367 that we'd truely like an allocation in low memory. */
368 addr
= (mmap_min_addr
> TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
369 ? TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(mmap_min_addr
)
371 } else if (wrapped
&& addr
>= start
) {
372 return (abi_ulong
)-1;
377 /* NOTE: all the constants are the HOST ones */
378 abi_long
target_mmap(abi_ulong start
, abi_ulong len
, int prot
,
379 int flags
, int fd
, abi_ulong offset
)
381 abi_ulong ret
, end
, real_start
, real_end
, retaddr
, host_offset
, host_len
;
382 unsigned long host_start
;
387 printf("mmap: start=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
388 " len=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
" prot=%c%c%c flags=",
390 prot
& PROT_READ
? 'r' : '-',
391 prot
& PROT_WRITE
? 'w' : '-',
392 prot
& PROT_EXEC
? 'x' : '-');
393 if (flags
& MAP_FIXED
)
394 printf("MAP_FIXED ");
395 if (flags
& MAP_ANONYMOUS
)
397 switch(flags
& MAP_TYPE
) {
399 printf("MAP_PRIVATE ");
402 printf("MAP_SHARED ");
405 printf("[MAP_TYPE=0x%x] ", flags
& MAP_TYPE
);
408 printf("fd=%d offset=" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
"\n", fd
, offset
);
412 if (offset
& ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK
) {
417 len
= TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len
);
420 real_start
= start
& qemu_host_page_mask
;
422 /* When mapping files into a memory area larger than the file, accesses
423 to pages beyond the file size will cause a SIGBUS.
425 For example, if mmaping a file of 100 bytes on a host with 4K pages
426 emulating a target with 8K pages, the target expects to be able to
427 access the first 8K. But the host will trap us on any access beyond
430 When emulating a target with a larger page-size than the hosts, we
431 may need to truncate file maps at EOF and add extra anonymous pages
432 up to the targets page boundary. */
434 if ((qemu_real_host_page_size
< TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
)
435 && !(flags
& MAP_ANONYMOUS
)) {
438 if (fstat (fd
, &sb
) == -1)
441 /* Are we trying to create a map beyond EOF?. */
442 if (offset
+ len
> sb
.st_size
) {
443 /* If so, truncate the file map at eof aligned with
444 the hosts real pagesize. Additional anonymous maps
445 will be created beyond EOF. */
446 len
= (sb
.st_size
- offset
);
447 len
+= qemu_real_host_page_size
- 1;
448 len
&= ~(qemu_real_host_page_size
- 1);
452 if (!(flags
& MAP_FIXED
)) {
453 abi_ulong mmap_start
;
455 host_offset
= offset
& qemu_host_page_mask
;
456 host_len
= len
+ offset
- host_offset
;
457 host_len
= HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(host_len
);
458 mmap_start
= mmap_find_vma(real_start
, host_len
);
459 if (mmap_start
== (abi_ulong
)-1) {
463 /* Note: we prefer to control the mapping address. It is
464 especially important if qemu_host_page_size >
465 qemu_real_host_page_size */
466 p
= mmap(g2h(mmap_start
),
467 host_len
, prot
, flags
| MAP_FIXED
| MAP_ANONYMOUS
, -1, 0);
470 /* update start so that it points to the file position at 'offset' */
471 host_start
= (unsigned long)p
;
472 if (!(flags
& MAP_ANONYMOUS
)) {
473 p
= mmap(g2h(mmap_start
), len
, prot
,
474 flags
| MAP_FIXED
, fd
, host_offset
);
475 host_start
+= offset
- host_offset
;
477 start
= h2g(host_start
);
479 if (start
& ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK
) {
484 real_end
= HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(end
);
487 * Test if requested memory area fits target address space
488 * It can fail only on 64-bit host with 32-bit target.
489 * On any other target/host host mmap() handles this error correctly.
491 if ((unsigned long)start
+ len
- 1 > (abi_ulong
) -1) {
496 /* worst case: we cannot map the file because the offset is not
497 aligned, so we read it */
498 if (!(flags
& MAP_ANONYMOUS
) &&
499 (offset
& ~qemu_host_page_mask
) != (start
& ~qemu_host_page_mask
)) {
500 /* msync() won't work here, so we return an error if write is
501 possible while it is a shared mapping */
502 if ((flags
& MAP_TYPE
) == MAP_SHARED
&&
503 (prot
& PROT_WRITE
)) {
507 retaddr
= target_mmap(start
, len
, prot
| PROT_WRITE
,
508 MAP_FIXED
| MAP_PRIVATE
| MAP_ANONYMOUS
,
512 if (pread(fd
, g2h(start
), len
, offset
) == -1)
514 if (!(prot
& PROT_WRITE
)) {
515 ret
= target_mprotect(start
, len
, prot
);
524 /* handle the start of the mapping */
525 if (start
> real_start
) {
526 if (real_end
== real_start
+ qemu_host_page_size
) {
527 /* one single host page */
528 ret
= mmap_frag(real_start
, start
, end
,
529 prot
, flags
, fd
, offset
);
534 ret
= mmap_frag(real_start
, start
, real_start
+ qemu_host_page_size
,
535 prot
, flags
, fd
, offset
);
538 real_start
+= qemu_host_page_size
;
540 /* handle the end of the mapping */
541 if (end
< real_end
) {
542 ret
= mmap_frag(real_end
- qemu_host_page_size
,
543 real_end
- qemu_host_page_size
, real_end
,
545 offset
+ real_end
- qemu_host_page_size
- start
);
548 real_end
-= qemu_host_page_size
;
551 /* map the middle (easier) */
552 if (real_start
< real_end
) {
554 unsigned long offset1
;
555 if (flags
& MAP_ANONYMOUS
)
558 offset1
= offset
+ real_start
- start
;
559 p
= mmap(g2h(real_start
), real_end
- real_start
,
560 prot
, flags
, fd
, offset1
);
566 page_set_flags(start
, start
+ len
, prot
| PAGE_VALID
);
569 printf("ret=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
"\n", start
);
580 int target_munmap(abi_ulong start
, abi_ulong len
)
582 abi_ulong end
, real_start
, real_end
, addr
;
586 printf("munmap: start=0x" TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
" len=0x"
587 TARGET_ABI_FMT_lx
"\n",
590 if (start
& ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK
)
592 len
= TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len
);
597 real_start
= start
& qemu_host_page_mask
;
598 real_end
= HOST_PAGE_ALIGN(end
);
600 if (start
> real_start
) {
601 /* handle host page containing start */
603 for(addr
= real_start
; addr
< start
; addr
+= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
) {
604 prot
|= page_get_flags(addr
);
606 if (real_end
== real_start
+ qemu_host_page_size
) {
607 for(addr
= end
; addr
< real_end
; addr
+= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
) {
608 prot
|= page_get_flags(addr
);
613 real_start
+= qemu_host_page_size
;
615 if (end
< real_end
) {
617 for(addr
= end
; addr
< real_end
; addr
+= TARGET_PAGE_SIZE
) {
618 prot
|= page_get_flags(addr
);
621 real_end
-= qemu_host_page_size
;
625 /* unmap what we can */
626 if (real_start
< real_end
) {
627 ret
= munmap(g2h(real_start
), real_end
- real_start
);
631 page_set_flags(start
, start
+ len
, 0);
636 abi_long
target_mremap(abi_ulong old_addr
, abi_ulong old_size
,
637 abi_ulong new_size
, unsigned long flags
,
645 if (flags
& MREMAP_FIXED
)
646 host_addr
= (void *) syscall(__NR_mremap
, g2h(old_addr
),
650 else if (flags
& MREMAP_MAYMOVE
) {
651 abi_ulong mmap_start
;
653 mmap_start
= mmap_find_vma(0, new_size
);
655 if (mmap_start
== -1) {
657 host_addr
= MAP_FAILED
;
659 host_addr
= (void *) syscall(__NR_mremap
, g2h(old_addr
),
661 flags
| MREMAP_FIXED
,
664 host_addr
= mremap(g2h(old_addr
), old_size
, new_size
, flags
);
665 /* Check if address fits target address space */
666 if ((unsigned long)host_addr
+ new_size
> (abi_ulong
)-1) {
667 /* Revert mremap() changes */
668 host_addr
= mremap(g2h(old_addr
), new_size
, old_size
, flags
);
670 host_addr
= MAP_FAILED
;
674 if (host_addr
== MAP_FAILED
) {
677 new_addr
= h2g(host_addr
);
678 prot
= page_get_flags(old_addr
);
679 page_set_flags(old_addr
, old_addr
+ old_size
, 0);
680 page_set_flags(new_addr
, new_addr
+ new_size
, prot
| PAGE_VALID
);
686 int target_msync(abi_ulong start
, abi_ulong len
, int flags
)
690 if (start
& ~TARGET_PAGE_MASK
)
692 len
= TARGET_PAGE_ALIGN(len
);
699 start
&= qemu_host_page_mask
;
700 return msync(g2h(start
), end
- start
, flags
);