qemu-io.c

   1 /*
   2  * Command line utility to exercise the QEMU I/O path.
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (C) 2009 Red Hat, Inc.
   5  * Copyright (c) 2003-2005 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
   6  *
   7  * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
   8  * See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
   9  */
  10 #include <sys/time.h>
  11 #include <sys/types.h>
  12 #include <stdarg.h>
  13 #include <stdio.h>
  14 #include <getopt.h>
  15 #include <libgen.h>
  16
  17 #include "qemu-common.h"
  18 #include "main-loop.h"
  19 #include "block_int.h"
  20 #include "cmd.h"
  21 #include "trace/control.h"
  22
  23 #define VERSION "0.0.1"
  24
  25 #define CMD_NOFILE_OK   0x01
  26
  27 char *progname;
  28 static BlockDriverState *bs;
  29
  30 static int misalign;
  31
  32 /*
  33  * Parse the pattern argument to various sub-commands.
  34  *
  35  * Because the pattern is used as an argument to memset it must evaluate
  36  * to an unsigned integer that fits into a single byte.
  37  */
  38 static int parse_pattern(const char *arg)
  39 {
  40     char *endptr = NULL;
  41     long pattern;
  42
  43     pattern = strtol(arg, &endptr, 0);
  44     if (pattern < 0 || pattern > UCHAR_MAX || *endptr != '\0') {
  45         printf("%s is not a valid pattern byte\n", arg);
  46         return -1;
  47     }
  48
  49     return pattern;
  50 }
  51
  52 /*
  53  * Memory allocation helpers.
  54  *
  55  * Make sure memory is aligned by default, or purposefully misaligned if
  56  * that is specified on the command line.
  57  */
  58
  59 #define MISALIGN_OFFSET     16
  60 static void *qemu_io_alloc(size_t len, int pattern)
  61 {
  62     void *buf;
  63
  64     if (misalign) {
  65         len += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
  66     }
  67     buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, len);
  68     memset(buf, pattern, len);
  69     if (misalign) {
  70         buf += MISALIGN_OFFSET;
  71     }
  72     return buf;
  73 }
  74
  75 static void qemu_io_free(void *p)
  76 {
  77     if (misalign) {
  78         p -= MISALIGN_OFFSET;
  79     }
  80     qemu_vfree(p);
  81 }
  82
  83 static void dump_buffer(const void *buffer, int64_t offset, int len)
  84 {
  85     int i, j;
  86     const uint8_t *p;
  87
  88     for (i = 0, p = buffer; i < len; i += 16) {
  89         const uint8_t *s = p;
  90
  91         printf("%08" PRIx64 ":  ", offset + i);
  92         for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, p++) {
  93             printf("%02x ", *p);
  94         }
  95         printf(" ");
  96         for (j = 0; j < 16 && i + j < len; j++, s++) {
  97             if (isalnum(*s)) {
  98                 printf("%c", *s);
  99             } else {
 100                 printf(".");
 101             }
 102         }
 103         printf("\n");
 104     }
 105 }
 106
 107 static void print_report(const char *op, struct timeval *t, int64_t offset,
 108                          int count, int total, int cnt, int Cflag)
 109 {
 110     char s1[64], s2[64], ts[64];
 111
 112     timestr(t, ts, sizeof(ts), Cflag ? VERBOSE_FIXED_TIME : 0);
 113     if (!Cflag) {
 114         cvtstr((double)total, s1, sizeof(s1));
 115         cvtstr(tdiv((double)total, *t), s2, sizeof(s2));
 116         printf("%s %d/%d bytes at offset %" PRId64 "\n",
 117                op, total, count, offset);
 118         printf("%s, %d ops; %s (%s/sec and %.4f ops/sec)\n",
 119                s1, cnt, ts, s2, tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
 120     } else {/* bytes,ops,time,bytes/sec,ops/sec */
 121         printf("%d,%d,%s,%.3f,%.3f\n",
 122             total, cnt, ts,
 123             tdiv((double)total, *t),
 124             tdiv((double)cnt, *t));
 125     }
 126 }
 127
 128 /*
 129  * Parse multiple length statements for vectored I/O, and construct an I/O
 130  * vector matching it.
 131  */
 132 static void *
 133 create_iovec(QEMUIOVector *qiov, char **argv, int nr_iov, int pattern)
 134 {
 135     size_t *sizes = g_new0(size_t, nr_iov);
 136     size_t count = 0;
 137     void *buf = NULL;
 138     void *p;
 139     int i;
 140
 141     for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
 142         char *arg = argv[i];
 143         int64_t len;
 144
 145         len = cvtnum(arg);
 146         if (len < 0) {
 147             printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", arg);
 148             goto fail;
 149         }
 150
 151         /* should be SIZE_T_MAX, but that doesn't exist */
 152         if (len > INT_MAX) {
 153             printf("too large length argument -- %s\n", arg);
 154             goto fail;
 155         }
 156
 157         if (len & 0x1ff) {
 158             printf("length argument %" PRId64
 159                    " is not sector aligned\n", len);
 160             goto fail;
 161         }
 162
 163         sizes[i] = len;
 164         count += len;
 165     }
 166
 167     qemu_iovec_init(qiov, nr_iov);
 168
 169     buf = p = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
 170
 171     for (i = 0; i < nr_iov; i++) {
 172         qemu_iovec_add(qiov, p, sizes[i]);
 173         p += sizes[i];
 174     }
 175
 176 fail:
 177     g_free(sizes);
 178     return buf;
 179 }
 180
 181 static int do_read(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 182 {
 183     int ret;
 184
 185     ret = bdrv_read(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
 186     if (ret < 0) {
 187         return ret;
 188     }
 189     *total = count;
 190     return 1;
 191 }
 192
 193 static int do_write(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 194 {
 195     int ret;
 196
 197     ret = bdrv_write(bs, offset >> 9, (uint8_t *)buf, count >> 9);
 198     if (ret < 0) {
 199         return ret;
 200     }
 201     *total = count;
 202     return 1;
 203 }
 204
 205 static int do_pread(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 206 {
 207     *total = bdrv_pread(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
 208     if (*total < 0) {
 209         return *total;
 210     }
 211     return 1;
 212 }
 213
 214 static int do_pwrite(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 215 {
 216     *total = bdrv_pwrite(bs, offset, (uint8_t *)buf, count);
 217     if (*total < 0) {
 218         return *total;
 219     }
 220     return 1;
 221 }
 222
 223 typedef struct {
 224     int64_t offset;
 225     int count;
 226     int *total;
 227     int ret;
 228     bool done;
 229 } CoWriteZeroes;
 230
 231 static void coroutine_fn co_write_zeroes_entry(void *opaque)
 232 {
 233     CoWriteZeroes *data = opaque;
 234
 235     data->ret = bdrv_co_write_zeroes(bs, data->offset / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE,
 236                                      data->count / BDRV_SECTOR_SIZE);
 237     data->done = true;
 238     if (data->ret < 0) {
 239         *data->total = data->ret;
 240         return;
 241     }
 242
 243     *data->total = data->count;
 244 }
 245
 246 static int do_co_write_zeroes(int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 247 {
 248     Coroutine *co;
 249     CoWriteZeroes data = {
 250         .offset = offset,
 251         .count  = count,
 252         .total  = total,
 253         .done   = false,
 254     };
 255
 256     co = qemu_coroutine_create(co_write_zeroes_entry);
 257     qemu_coroutine_enter(co, &data);
 258     while (!data.done) {
 259         qemu_aio_wait();
 260     }
 261     if (data.ret < 0) {
 262         return data.ret;
 263     } else {
 264         return 1;
 265     }
 266 }
 267
 268 static int do_load_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 269 {
 270     *total = bdrv_load_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
 271     if (*total < 0) {
 272         return *total;
 273     }
 274     return 1;
 275 }
 276
 277 static int do_save_vmstate(char *buf, int64_t offset, int count, int *total)
 278 {
 279     *total = bdrv_save_vmstate(bs, (uint8_t *)buf, offset, count);
 280     if (*total < 0) {
 281         return *total;
 282     }
 283     return 1;
 284 }
 285
 286 #define NOT_DONE 0x7fffffff
 287 static void aio_rw_done(void *opaque, int ret)
 288 {
 289     *(int *)opaque = ret;
 290 }
 291
 292 static int do_aio_readv(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
 293 {
 294     int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
 295
 296     bdrv_aio_readv(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
 297                    aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
 298     while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
 299         main_loop_wait(false);
 300     }
 301
 302     *total = qiov->size;
 303     return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
 304 }
 305
 306 static int do_aio_writev(QEMUIOVector *qiov, int64_t offset, int *total)
 307 {
 308     int async_ret = NOT_DONE;
 309
 310     bdrv_aio_writev(bs, offset >> 9, qiov, qiov->size >> 9,
 311                     aio_rw_done, &async_ret);
 312     while (async_ret == NOT_DONE) {
 313         main_loop_wait(false);
 314     }
 315
 316     *total = qiov->size;
 317     return async_ret < 0 ? async_ret : 1;
 318 }
 319
 320 struct multiwrite_async_ret {
 321     int num_done;
 322     int error;
 323 };
 324
 325 static void multiwrite_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
 326 {
 327     struct multiwrite_async_ret *async_ret = opaque;
 328
 329     async_ret->num_done++;
 330     if (ret < 0) {
 331         async_ret->error = ret;
 332     }
 333 }
 334
 335 static int do_aio_multiwrite(BlockRequest* reqs, int num_reqs, int *total)
 336 {
 337     int i, ret;
 338     struct multiwrite_async_ret async_ret = {
 339         .num_done = 0,
 340         .error = 0,
 341     };
 342
 343     *total = 0;
 344     for (i = 0; i < num_reqs; i++) {
 345         reqs[i].cb = multiwrite_cb;
 346         reqs[i].opaque = &async_ret;
 347         *total += reqs[i].qiov->size;
 348     }
 349
 350     ret = bdrv_aio_multiwrite(bs, reqs, num_reqs);
 351     if (ret < 0) {
 352         return ret;
 353     }
 354
 355     while (async_ret.num_done < num_reqs) {
 356         main_loop_wait(false);
 357     }
 358
 359     return async_ret.error < 0 ? async_ret.error : 1;
 360 }
 361
 362 static void read_help(void)
 363 {
 364     printf(
 365 "\n"
 366 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 367 "\n"
 368 " Example:\n"
 369 " 'read -v 512 1k' - dumps 1 kilobyte read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 370 "\n"
 371 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 372 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 373 " -b, -- read from the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 374 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 375 " -l, -- length for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
 376 " -p, -- use bdrv_pread to read the file\n"
 377 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 378 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 379 " -s, -- start offset for pattern verification (only with -P)\n"
 380 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 381 "\n");
 382 }
 383
 384 static int read_f(int argc, char **argv);
 385
 386 static const cmdinfo_t read_cmd = {
 387     .name       = "read",
 388     .altname    = "r",
 389     .cfunc      = read_f,
 390     .argmin     = 2,
 391     .argmax     = -1,
 392     .args       = "[-abCpqv] [-P pattern [-s off] [-l len]] off len",
 393     .oneline    = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 394     .help       = read_help,
 395 };
 396
 397 static int read_f(int argc, char **argv)
 398 {
 399     struct timeval t1, t2;
 400     int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
 401     int Pflag = 0, sflag = 0, lflag = 0, bflag = 0;
 402     int c, cnt;
 403     char *buf;
 404     int64_t offset;
 405     int count;
 406     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 407     int total = 0;
 408     int pattern = 0, pattern_offset = 0, pattern_count = 0;
 409
 410     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCl:pP:qs:v")) != EOF) {
 411         switch (c) {
 412         case 'b':
 413             bflag = 1;
 414             break;
 415         case 'C':
 416             Cflag = 1;
 417             break;
 418         case 'l':
 419             lflag = 1;
 420             pattern_count = cvtnum(optarg);
 421             if (pattern_count < 0) {
 422                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
 423                 return 0;
 424             }
 425             break;
 426         case 'p':
 427             pflag = 1;
 428             break;
 429         case 'P':
 430             Pflag = 1;
 431             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 432             if (pattern < 0) {
 433                 return 0;
 434             }
 435             break;
 436         case 'q':
 437             qflag = 1;
 438             break;
 439         case 's':
 440             sflag = 1;
 441             pattern_offset = cvtnum(optarg);
 442             if (pattern_offset < 0) {
 443                 printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", optarg);
 444                 return 0;
 445             }
 446             break;
 447         case 'v':
 448             vflag = 1;
 449             break;
 450         default:
 451             return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 452         }
 453     }
 454
 455     if (optind != argc - 2) {
 456         return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 457     }
 458
 459     if (bflag && pflag) {
 460         printf("-b and -p cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 461         return 0;
 462     }
 463
 464     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 465     if (offset < 0) {
 466         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 467         return 0;
 468     }
 469
 470     optind++;
 471     count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 472     if (count < 0) {
 473         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 474         return 0;
 475     }
 476
 477     if (!Pflag && (lflag || sflag)) {
 478         return command_usage(&read_cmd);
 479     }
 480
 481     if (!lflag) {
 482         pattern_count = count - pattern_offset;
 483     }
 484
 485     if ((pattern_count < 0) || (pattern_count + pattern_offset > count))  {
 486         printf("pattern verification range exceeds end of read data\n");
 487         return 0;
 488     }
 489
 490     if (!pflag) {
 491         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 492             printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
 493                    offset);
 494             return 0;
 495         }
 496         if (count & 0x1ff) {
 497             printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
 498                    count);
 499             return 0;
 500         }
 501     }
 502
 503     buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, 0xab);
 504
 505     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 506     if (pflag) {
 507         cnt = do_pread(buf, offset, count, &total);
 508     } else if (bflag) {
 509         cnt = do_load_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
 510     } else {
 511         cnt = do_read(buf, offset, count, &total);
 512     }
 513     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 514
 515     if (cnt < 0) {
 516         printf("read failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 517         goto out;
 518     }
 519
 520     if (Pflag) {
 521         void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(pattern_count);
 522         memset(cmp_buf, pattern, pattern_count);
 523         if (memcmp(buf + pattern_offset, cmp_buf, pattern_count)) {
 524             printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
 525                    PRId64 ", %d bytes\n",
 526                    offset + pattern_offset, pattern_count);
 527         }
 528         g_free(cmp_buf);
 529     }
 530
 531     if (qflag) {
 532         goto out;
 533     }
 534
 535     if (vflag) {
 536         dump_buffer(buf, offset, count);
 537     }
 538
 539     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 540     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 541     print_report("read", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
 542
 543 out:
 544     qemu_io_free(buf);
 545
 546     return 0;
 547 }
 548
 549 static void readv_help(void)
 550 {
 551     printf(
 552 "\n"
 553 " reads a range of bytes from the given offset into multiple buffers\n"
 554 "\n"
 555 " Example:\n"
 556 " 'readv -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
 557 "\n"
 558 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
 559 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
 560 " Uses multiple iovec buffers if more than one byte range is specified.\n"
 561 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 562 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
 563 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
 564 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 565 "\n");
 566 }
 567
 568 static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv);
 569
 570 static const cmdinfo_t readv_cmd = {
 571     .name       = "readv",
 572     .cfunc      = readv_f,
 573     .argmin     = 2,
 574     .argmax     = -1,
 575     .args       = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
 576     .oneline    = "reads a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 577     .help       = readv_help,
 578 };
 579
 580 static int readv_f(int argc, char **argv)
 581 {
 582     struct timeval t1, t2;
 583     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0, vflag = 0;
 584     int c, cnt;
 585     char *buf;
 586     int64_t offset;
 587     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 588     int total = 0;
 589     int nr_iov;
 590     QEMUIOVector qiov;
 591     int pattern = 0;
 592     int Pflag = 0;
 593
 594     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
 595         switch (c) {
 596         case 'C':
 597             Cflag = 1;
 598             break;
 599         case 'P':
 600             Pflag = 1;
 601             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 602             if (pattern < 0) {
 603                 return 0;
 604             }
 605             break;
 606         case 'q':
 607             qflag = 1;
 608             break;
 609         case 'v':
 610             vflag = 1;
 611             break;
 612         default:
 613             return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
 614         }
 615     }
 616
 617     if (optind > argc - 2) {
 618         return command_usage(&readv_cmd);
 619     }
 620
 621
 622     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 623     if (offset < 0) {
 624         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 625         return 0;
 626     }
 627     optind++;
 628
 629     if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 630         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
 631                offset);
 632         return 0;
 633     }
 634
 635     nr_iov = argc - optind;
 636     buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
 637     if (buf == NULL) {
 638         return 0;
 639     }
 640
 641     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 642     cnt = do_aio_readv(&qiov, offset, &total);
 643     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 644
 645     if (cnt < 0) {
 646         printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 647         goto out;
 648     }
 649
 650     if (Pflag) {
 651         void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(qiov.size);
 652         memset(cmp_buf, pattern, qiov.size);
 653         if (memcmp(buf, cmp_buf, qiov.size)) {
 654             printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
 655                    PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", offset, qiov.size);
 656         }
 657         g_free(cmp_buf);
 658     }
 659
 660     if (qflag) {
 661         goto out;
 662     }
 663
 664     if (vflag) {
 665         dump_buffer(buf, offset, qiov.size);
 666     }
 667
 668     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 669     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 670     print_report("read", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
 671
 672 out:
 673     qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
 674     qemu_io_free(buf);
 675     return 0;
 676 }
 677
 678 static void write_help(void)
 679 {
 680     printf(
 681 "\n"
 682 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
 683 "\n"
 684 " Example:\n"
 685 " 'write 512 1k' - writes 1 kilobyte at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
 686 "\n"
 687 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
 688 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
 689 " -b, -- write to the VM state rather than the virtual disk\n"
 690 " -p, -- use bdrv_pwrite to write the file\n"
 691 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
 692 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 693 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 694 " -z, -- write zeroes using bdrv_co_write_zeroes\n"
 695 "\n");
 696 }
 697
 698 static int write_f(int argc, char **argv);
 699
 700 static const cmdinfo_t write_cmd = {
 701     .name       = "write",
 702     .altname    = "w",
 703     .cfunc      = write_f,
 704     .argmin     = 2,
 705     .argmax     = -1,
 706     .args       = "[-bCpqz] [-P pattern ] off len",
 707     .oneline    = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 708     .help       = write_help,
 709 };
 710
 711 static int write_f(int argc, char **argv)
 712 {
 713     struct timeval t1, t2;
 714     int Cflag = 0, pflag = 0, qflag = 0, bflag = 0, Pflag = 0, zflag = 0;
 715     int c, cnt;
 716     char *buf = NULL;
 717     int64_t offset;
 718     int count;
 719     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 720     int total = 0;
 721     int pattern = 0xcd;
 722
 723     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "bCpP:qz")) != EOF) {
 724         switch (c) {
 725         case 'b':
 726             bflag = 1;
 727             break;
 728         case 'C':
 729             Cflag = 1;
 730             break;
 731         case 'p':
 732             pflag = 1;
 733             break;
 734         case 'P':
 735             Pflag = 1;
 736             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 737             if (pattern < 0) {
 738                 return 0;
 739             }
 740             break;
 741         case 'q':
 742             qflag = 1;
 743             break;
 744         case 'z':
 745             zflag = 1;
 746             break;
 747         default:
 748             return command_usage(&write_cmd);
 749         }
 750     }
 751
 752     if (optind != argc - 2) {
 753         return command_usage(&write_cmd);
 754     }
 755
 756     if (bflag + pflag + zflag > 1) {
 757         printf("-b, -p, or -z cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 758         return 0;
 759     }
 760
 761     if (zflag && Pflag) {
 762         printf("-z and -P cannot be specified at the same time\n");
 763         return 0;
 764     }
 765
 766     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 767     if (offset < 0) {
 768         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 769         return 0;
 770     }
 771
 772     optind++;
 773     count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 774     if (count < 0) {
 775         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 776         return 0;
 777     }
 778
 779     if (!pflag) {
 780         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 781             printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
 782                    offset);
 783             return 0;
 784         }
 785
 786         if (count & 0x1ff) {
 787             printf("count %d is not sector aligned\n",
 788                    count);
 789             return 0;
 790         }
 791     }
 792
 793     if (!zflag) {
 794         buf = qemu_io_alloc(count, pattern);
 795     }
 796
 797     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 798     if (pflag) {
 799         cnt = do_pwrite(buf, offset, count, &total);
 800     } else if (bflag) {
 801         cnt = do_save_vmstate(buf, offset, count, &total);
 802     } else if (zflag) {
 803         cnt = do_co_write_zeroes(offset, count, &total);
 804     } else {
 805         cnt = do_write(buf, offset, count, &total);
 806     }
 807     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 808
 809     if (cnt < 0) {
 810         printf("write failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 811         goto out;
 812     }
 813
 814     if (qflag) {
 815         goto out;
 816     }
 817
 818     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 819     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 820     print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, count, total, cnt, Cflag);
 821
 822 out:
 823     if (!zflag) {
 824         qemu_io_free(buf);
 825     }
 826
 827     return 0;
 828 }
 829
 830 static void
 831 writev_help(void)
 832 {
 833     printf(
 834 "\n"
 835 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers\n"
 836 "\n"
 837 " Example:\n"
 838 " 'write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
 839 "\n"
 840 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
 841 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
 842 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
 843 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 844 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 845 "\n");
 846 }
 847
 848 static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv);
 849
 850 static const cmdinfo_t writev_cmd = {
 851     .name       = "writev",
 852     .cfunc      = writev_f,
 853     .argmin     = 2,
 854     .argmax     = -1,
 855     .args       = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
 856     .oneline    = "writes a number of bytes at a specified offset",
 857     .help       = writev_help,
 858 };
 859
 860 static int writev_f(int argc, char **argv)
 861 {
 862     struct timeval t1, t2;
 863     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
 864     int c, cnt;
 865     char *buf;
 866     int64_t offset;
 867     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 868     int total = 0;
 869     int nr_iov;
 870     int pattern = 0xcd;
 871     QEMUIOVector qiov;
 872
 873     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
 874         switch (c) {
 875         case 'C':
 876             Cflag = 1;
 877             break;
 878         case 'q':
 879             qflag = 1;
 880             break;
 881         case 'P':
 882             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 883             if (pattern < 0) {
 884                 return 0;
 885             }
 886             break;
 887         default:
 888             return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
 889         }
 890     }
 891
 892     if (optind > argc - 2) {
 893         return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
 894     }
 895
 896     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
 897     if (offset < 0) {
 898         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
 899         return 0;
 900     }
 901     optind++;
 902
 903     if (offset & 0x1ff) {
 904         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
 905                offset);
 906         return 0;
 907     }
 908
 909     nr_iov = argc - optind;
 910     buf = create_iovec(&qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
 911     if (buf == NULL) {
 912         return 0;
 913     }
 914
 915     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
 916     cnt = do_aio_writev(&qiov, offset, &total);
 917     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
 918
 919     if (cnt < 0) {
 920         printf("writev failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
 921         goto out;
 922     }
 923
 924     if (qflag) {
 925         goto out;
 926     }
 927
 928     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
 929     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
 930     print_report("wrote", &t2, offset, qiov.size, total, cnt, Cflag);
 931 out:
 932     qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiov);
 933     qemu_io_free(buf);
 934     return 0;
 935 }
 936
 937 static void multiwrite_help(void)
 938 {
 939     printf(
 940 "\n"
 941 " writes a range of bytes from the given offset source from multiple buffers,\n"
 942 " in a batch of requests that may be merged by qemu\n"
 943 "\n"
 944 " Example:\n"
 945 " 'multiwrite 512 1k 1k ; 4k 1k'\n"
 946 "  writes 2 kB at 512 bytes and 1 kB at 4 kB into the open file\n"
 947 "\n"
 948 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
 949 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd). The pattern byte is increased\n"
 950 " by one for each request contained in the multiwrite command.\n"
 951 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
 952 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
 953 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
 954 "\n");
 955 }
 956
 957 static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv);
 958
 959 static const cmdinfo_t multiwrite_cmd = {
 960     .name       = "multiwrite",
 961     .cfunc      = multiwrite_f,
 962     .argmin     = 2,
 963     .argmax     = -1,
 964     .args       = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..] [; off len [len..]..]",
 965     .oneline    = "issues multiple write requests at once",
 966     .help       = multiwrite_help,
 967 };
 968
 969 static int multiwrite_f(int argc, char **argv)
 970 {
 971     struct timeval t1, t2;
 972     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
 973     int c, cnt;
 974     char **buf;
 975     int64_t offset, first_offset = 0;
 976     /* Some compilers get confused and warn if this is not initialized.  */
 977     int total = 0;
 978     int nr_iov;
 979     int nr_reqs;
 980     int pattern = 0xcd;
 981     QEMUIOVector *qiovs;
 982     int i;
 983     BlockRequest *reqs;
 984
 985     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
 986         switch (c) {
 987         case 'C':
 988             Cflag = 1;
 989             break;
 990         case 'q':
 991             qflag = 1;
 992             break;
 993         case 'P':
 994             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
 995             if (pattern < 0) {
 996                 return 0;
 997             }
 998             break;
 999         default:
1000             return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1001         }
1002     }
1003
1004     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1005         return command_usage(&writev_cmd);
1006     }
1007
1008     nr_reqs = 1;
1009     for (i = optind; i < argc; i++) {
1010         if (!strcmp(argv[i], ";")) {
1011             nr_reqs++;
1012         }
1013     }
1014
1015     reqs = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*reqs));
1016     buf = g_malloc0(nr_reqs * sizeof(*buf));
1017     qiovs = g_malloc(nr_reqs * sizeof(*qiovs));
1018
1019     for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs && optind < argc; i++) {
1020         int j;
1021
1022         /* Read the offset of the request */
1023         offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1024         if (offset < 0) {
1025             printf("non-numeric offset argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1026             goto out;
1027         }
1028         optind++;
1029
1030         if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1031             printf("offset %lld is not sector aligned\n",
1032                    (long long)offset);
1033             goto out;
1034         }
1035
1036         if (i == 0) {
1037             first_offset = offset;
1038         }
1039
1040         /* Read lengths for qiov entries */
1041         for (j = optind; j < argc; j++) {
1042             if (!strcmp(argv[j], ";")) {
1043                 break;
1044             }
1045         }
1046
1047         nr_iov = j - optind;
1048
1049         /* Build request */
1050         buf[i] = create_iovec(&qiovs[i], &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1051         if (buf[i] == NULL) {
1052             goto out;
1053         }
1054
1055         reqs[i].qiov = &qiovs[i];
1056         reqs[i].sector = offset >> 9;
1057         reqs[i].nb_sectors = reqs[i].qiov->size >> 9;
1058
1059         optind = j + 1;
1060
1061         pattern++;
1062     }
1063
1064     /* If there were empty requests at the end, ignore them */
1065     nr_reqs = i;
1066
1067     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1068     cnt = do_aio_multiwrite(reqs, nr_reqs, &total);
1069     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1070
1071     if (cnt < 0) {
1072         printf("aio_multiwrite failed: %s\n", strerror(-cnt));
1073         goto out;
1074     }
1075
1076     if (qflag) {
1077         goto out;
1078     }
1079
1080     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1081     t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
1082     print_report("wrote", &t2, first_offset, total, total, cnt, Cflag);
1083 out:
1084     for (i = 0; i < nr_reqs; i++) {
1085         qemu_io_free(buf[i]);
1086         if (reqs[i].qiov != NULL) {
1087             qemu_iovec_destroy(&qiovs[i]);
1088         }
1089     }
1090     g_free(buf);
1091     g_free(reqs);
1092     g_free(qiovs);
1093     return 0;
1094 }
1095
1096 struct aio_ctx {
1097     QEMUIOVector qiov;
1098     int64_t offset;
1099     char *buf;
1100     int qflag;
1101     int vflag;
1102     int Cflag;
1103     int Pflag;
1104     int pattern;
1105     struct timeval t1;
1106 };
1107
1108 static void aio_write_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1109 {
1110     struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1111     struct timeval t2;
1112
1113     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1114
1115
1116     if (ret < 0) {
1117         printf("aio_write failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1118         goto out;
1119     }
1120
1121     if (ctx->qflag) {
1122         goto out;
1123     }
1124
1125     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1126     t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1127     print_report("wrote", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1128                  ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1129 out:
1130     qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1131     qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
1132     g_free(ctx);
1133 }
1134
1135 static void aio_read_done(void *opaque, int ret)
1136 {
1137     struct aio_ctx *ctx = opaque;
1138     struct timeval t2;
1139
1140     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1141
1142     if (ret < 0) {
1143         printf("readv failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1144         goto out;
1145     }
1146
1147     if (ctx->Pflag) {
1148         void *cmp_buf = g_malloc(ctx->qiov.size);
1149
1150         memset(cmp_buf, ctx->pattern, ctx->qiov.size);
1151         if (memcmp(ctx->buf, cmp_buf, ctx->qiov.size)) {
1152             printf("Pattern verification failed at offset %"
1153                    PRId64 ", %zd bytes\n", ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1154         }
1155         g_free(cmp_buf);
1156     }
1157
1158     if (ctx->qflag) {
1159         goto out;
1160     }
1161
1162     if (ctx->vflag) {
1163         dump_buffer(ctx->buf, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size);
1164     }
1165
1166     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1167     t2 = tsub(t2, ctx->t1);
1168     print_report("read", &t2, ctx->offset, ctx->qiov.size,
1169                  ctx->qiov.size, 1, ctx->Cflag);
1170 out:
1171     qemu_io_free(ctx->buf);
1172     qemu_iovec_destroy(&ctx->qiov);
1173     g_free(ctx);
1174 }
1175
1176 static void aio_read_help(void)
1177 {
1178     printf(
1179 "\n"
1180 " asynchronously reads a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1181 "\n"
1182 " Example:\n"
1183 " 'aio_read -v 512 1k 1k ' - dumps 2 kilobytes read from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1184 "\n"
1185 " Reads a segment of the currently open file, optionally dumping it to the\n"
1186 " standard output stream (with -v option) for subsequent inspection.\n"
1187 " The read is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1188 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1189 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1190 " -P, -- use a pattern to verify read data\n"
1191 " -v, -- dump buffer to standard output\n"
1192 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1193 "\n");
1194 }
1195
1196 static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv);
1197
1198 static const cmdinfo_t aio_read_cmd = {
1199     .name       = "aio_read",
1200     .cfunc      = aio_read_f,
1201     .argmin     = 2,
1202     .argmax     = -1,
1203     .args       = "[-Cqv] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1204     .oneline    = "asynchronously reads a number of bytes",
1205     .help       = aio_read_help,
1206 };
1207
1208 static int aio_read_f(int argc, char **argv)
1209 {
1210     int nr_iov, c;
1211     struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1212
1213     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CP:qv")) != EOF) {
1214         switch (c) {
1215         case 'C':
1216             ctx->Cflag = 1;
1217             break;
1218         case 'P':
1219             ctx->Pflag = 1;
1220             ctx->pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1221             if (ctx->pattern < 0) {
1222                 g_free(ctx);
1223                 return 0;
1224             }
1225             break;
1226         case 'q':
1227             ctx->qflag = 1;
1228             break;
1229         case 'v':
1230             ctx->vflag = 1;
1231             break;
1232         default:
1233             g_free(ctx);
1234             return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1235         }
1236     }
1237
1238     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1239         g_free(ctx);
1240         return command_usage(&aio_read_cmd);
1241     }
1242
1243     ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1244     if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1245         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1246         g_free(ctx);
1247         return 0;
1248     }
1249     optind++;
1250
1251     if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1252         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1253                ctx->offset);
1254         g_free(ctx);
1255         return 0;
1256     }
1257
1258     nr_iov = argc - optind;
1259     ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, 0xab);
1260     if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1261         g_free(ctx);
1262         return 0;
1263     }
1264
1265     gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1266     bdrv_aio_readv(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1267                    ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_read_done, ctx);
1268     return 0;
1269 }
1270
1271 static void aio_write_help(void)
1272 {
1273     printf(
1274 "\n"
1275 " asynchronously writes a range of bytes from the given offset source\n"
1276 " from multiple buffers\n"
1277 "\n"
1278 " Example:\n"
1279 " 'aio_write 512 1k 1k' - writes 2 kilobytes at 512 bytes into the open file\n"
1280 "\n"
1281 " Writes into a segment of the currently open file, using a buffer\n"
1282 " filled with a set pattern (0xcdcdcdcd).\n"
1283 " The write is performed asynchronously and the aio_flush command must be\n"
1284 " used to ensure all outstanding aio requests have been completed.\n"
1285 " -P, -- use different pattern to fill file\n"
1286 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1287 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1288 "\n");
1289 }
1290
1291 static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv);
1292
1293 static const cmdinfo_t aio_write_cmd = {
1294     .name       = "aio_write",
1295     .cfunc      = aio_write_f,
1296     .argmin     = 2,
1297     .argmax     = -1,
1298     .args       = "[-Cq] [-P pattern ] off len [len..]",
1299     .oneline    = "asynchronously writes a number of bytes",
1300     .help       = aio_write_help,
1301 };
1302
1303 static int aio_write_f(int argc, char **argv)
1304 {
1305     int nr_iov, c;
1306     int pattern = 0xcd;
1307     struct aio_ctx *ctx = g_new0(struct aio_ctx, 1);
1308
1309     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "CqP:")) != EOF) {
1310         switch (c) {
1311         case 'C':
1312             ctx->Cflag = 1;
1313             break;
1314         case 'q':
1315             ctx->qflag = 1;
1316             break;
1317         case 'P':
1318             pattern = parse_pattern(optarg);
1319             if (pattern < 0) {
1320                 g_free(ctx);
1321                 return 0;
1322             }
1323             break;
1324         default:
1325             g_free(ctx);
1326             return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1327         }
1328     }
1329
1330     if (optind > argc - 2) {
1331         g_free(ctx);
1332         return command_usage(&aio_write_cmd);
1333     }
1334
1335     ctx->offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1336     if (ctx->offset < 0) {
1337         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1338         g_free(ctx);
1339         return 0;
1340     }
1341     optind++;
1342
1343     if (ctx->offset & 0x1ff) {
1344         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1345                ctx->offset);
1346         g_free(ctx);
1347         return 0;
1348     }
1349
1350     nr_iov = argc - optind;
1351     ctx->buf = create_iovec(&ctx->qiov, &argv[optind], nr_iov, pattern);
1352     if (ctx->buf == NULL) {
1353         g_free(ctx);
1354         return 0;
1355     }
1356
1357     gettimeofday(&ctx->t1, NULL);
1358     bdrv_aio_writev(bs, ctx->offset >> 9, &ctx->qiov,
1359                     ctx->qiov.size >> 9, aio_write_done, ctx);
1360     return 0;
1361 }
1362
1363 static int aio_flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1364 {
1365     bdrv_drain_all();
1366     return 0;
1367 }
1368
1369 static const cmdinfo_t aio_flush_cmd = {
1370     .name       = "aio_flush",
1371     .cfunc      = aio_flush_f,
1372     .oneline    = "completes all outstanding aio requests"
1373 };
1374
1375 static int flush_f(int argc, char **argv)
1376 {
1377     bdrv_flush(bs);
1378     return 0;
1379 }
1380
1381 static const cmdinfo_t flush_cmd = {
1382     .name       = "flush",
1383     .altname    = "f",
1384     .cfunc      = flush_f,
1385     .oneline    = "flush all in-core file state to disk",
1386 };
1387
1388 static int truncate_f(int argc, char **argv)
1389 {
1390     int64_t offset;
1391     int ret;
1392
1393     offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1394     if (offset < 0) {
1395         printf("non-numeric truncate argument -- %s\n", argv[1]);
1396         return 0;
1397     }
1398
1399     ret = bdrv_truncate(bs, offset);
1400     if (ret < 0) {
1401         printf("truncate: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1402         return 0;
1403     }
1404
1405     return 0;
1406 }
1407
1408 static const cmdinfo_t truncate_cmd = {
1409     .name       = "truncate",
1410     .altname    = "t",
1411     .cfunc      = truncate_f,
1412     .argmin     = 1,
1413     .argmax     = 1,
1414     .args       = "off",
1415     .oneline    = "truncates the current file at the given offset",
1416 };
1417
1418 static int length_f(int argc, char **argv)
1419 {
1420     int64_t size;
1421     char s1[64];
1422
1423     size = bdrv_getlength(bs);
1424     if (size < 0) {
1425         printf("getlength: %s\n", strerror(-size));
1426         return 0;
1427     }
1428
1429     cvtstr(size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1430     printf("%s\n", s1);
1431     return 0;
1432 }
1433
1434
1435 static const cmdinfo_t length_cmd = {
1436     .name   = "length",
1437     .altname    = "l",
1438     .cfunc      = length_f,
1439     .oneline    = "gets the length of the current file",
1440 };
1441
1442
1443 static int info_f(int argc, char **argv)
1444 {
1445     BlockDriverInfo bdi;
1446     char s1[64], s2[64];
1447     int ret;
1448
1449     if (bs->drv && bs->drv->format_name) {
1450         printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->format_name);
1451     }
1452     if (bs->drv && bs->drv->protocol_name) {
1453         printf("format name: %s\n", bs->drv->protocol_name);
1454     }
1455
1456     ret = bdrv_get_info(bs, &bdi);
1457     if (ret) {
1458         return 0;
1459     }
1460
1461     cvtstr(bdi.cluster_size, s1, sizeof(s1));
1462     cvtstr(bdi.vm_state_offset, s2, sizeof(s2));
1463
1464     printf("cluster size: %s\n", s1);
1465     printf("vm state offset: %s\n", s2);
1466
1467     return 0;
1468 }
1469
1470
1471
1472 static const cmdinfo_t info_cmd = {
1473     .name       = "info",
1474     .altname    = "i",
1475     .cfunc      = info_f,
1476     .oneline    = "prints information about the current file",
1477 };
1478
1479 static void discard_help(void)
1480 {
1481     printf(
1482 "\n"
1483 " discards a range of bytes from the given offset\n"
1484 "\n"
1485 " Example:\n"
1486 " 'discard 512 1k' - discards 1 kilobyte from 512 bytes into the file\n"
1487 "\n"
1488 " Discards a segment of the currently open file.\n"
1489 " -C, -- report statistics in a machine parsable format\n"
1490 " -q, -- quiet mode, do not show I/O statistics\n"
1491 "\n");
1492 }
1493
1494 static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv);
1495
1496 static const cmdinfo_t discard_cmd = {
1497     .name       = "discard",
1498     .altname    = "d",
1499     .cfunc      = discard_f,
1500     .argmin     = 2,
1501     .argmax     = -1,
1502     .args       = "[-Cq] off len",
1503     .oneline    = "discards a number of bytes at a specified offset",
1504     .help       = discard_help,
1505 };
1506
1507 static int discard_f(int argc, char **argv)
1508 {
1509     struct timeval t1, t2;
1510     int Cflag = 0, qflag = 0;
1511     int c, ret;
1512     int64_t offset;
1513     int count;
1514
1515     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "Cq")) != EOF) {
1516         switch (c) {
1517         case 'C':
1518             Cflag = 1;
1519             break;
1520         case 'q':
1521             qflag = 1;
1522             break;
1523         default:
1524             return command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1525         }
1526     }
1527
1528     if (optind != argc - 2) {
1529         return command_usage(&discard_cmd);
1530     }
1531
1532     offset = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1533     if (offset < 0) {
1534         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1535         return 0;
1536     }
1537
1538     optind++;
1539     count = cvtnum(argv[optind]);
1540     if (count < 0) {
1541         printf("non-numeric length argument -- %s\n", argv[optind]);
1542         return 0;
1543     }
1544
1545     gettimeofday(&t1, NULL);
1546     ret = bdrv_discard(bs, offset >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS,
1547                        count >> BDRV_SECTOR_BITS);
1548     gettimeofday(&t2, NULL);
1549
1550     if (ret < 0) {
1551         printf("discard failed: %s\n", strerror(-ret));
1552         goto out;
1553     }
1554
1555     /* Finally, report back -- -C gives a parsable format */
1556     if (!qflag) {
1557         t2 = tsub(t2, t1);
1558         print_report("discard", &t2, offset, count, count, 1, Cflag);
1559     }
1560
1561 out:
1562     return 0;
1563 }
1564
1565 static int alloc_f(int argc, char **argv)
1566 {
1567     int64_t offset, sector_num;
1568     int nb_sectors, remaining;
1569     char s1[64];
1570     int num, sum_alloc;
1571     int ret;
1572
1573     offset = cvtnum(argv[1]);
1574     if (offset & 0x1ff) {
1575         printf("offset %" PRId64 " is not sector aligned\n",
1576                offset);
1577         return 0;
1578     }
1579
1580     if (argc == 3) {
1581         nb_sectors = cvtnum(argv[2]);
1582     } else {
1583         nb_sectors = 1;
1584     }
1585
1586     remaining = nb_sectors;
1587     sum_alloc = 0;
1588     sector_num = offset >> 9;
1589     while (remaining) {
1590         ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, sector_num, remaining, &num);
1591         sector_num += num;
1592         remaining -= num;
1593         if (ret) {
1594             sum_alloc += num;
1595         }
1596         if (num == 0) {
1597             nb_sectors -= remaining;
1598             remaining = 0;
1599         }
1600     }
1601
1602     cvtstr(offset, s1, sizeof(s1));
1603
1604     printf("%d/%d sectors allocated at offset %s\n",
1605            sum_alloc, nb_sectors, s1);
1606     return 0;
1607 }
1608
1609 static const cmdinfo_t alloc_cmd = {
1610     .name       = "alloc",
1611     .altname    = "a",
1612     .argmin     = 1,
1613     .argmax     = 2,
1614     .cfunc      = alloc_f,
1615     .args       = "off [sectors]",
1616     .oneline    = "checks if a sector is present in the file",
1617 };
1618
1619 static int map_f(int argc, char **argv)
1620 {
1621     int64_t offset;
1622     int64_t nb_sectors;
1623     char s1[64];
1624     int num, num_checked;
1625     int ret;
1626     const char *retstr;
1627
1628     offset = 0;
1629     nb_sectors = bs->total_sectors;
1630
1631     do {
1632         num_checked = MIN(nb_sectors, INT_MAX);
1633         ret = bdrv_is_allocated(bs, offset, num_checked, &num);
1634         retstr = ret ? "    allocated" : "not allocated";
1635         cvtstr(offset << 9ULL, s1, sizeof(s1));
1636         printf("[% 24" PRId64 "] % 8d/% 8d sectors %s at offset %s (%d)\n",
1637                offset << 9ULL, num, num_checked, retstr, s1, ret);
1638
1639         offset += num;
1640         nb_sectors -= num;
1641     } while (offset < bs->total_sectors);
1642
1643     return 0;
1644 }
1645
1646 static const cmdinfo_t map_cmd = {
1647        .name           = "map",
1648        .argmin         = 0,
1649        .argmax         = 0,
1650        .cfunc          = map_f,
1651        .args           = "",
1652        .oneline        = "prints the allocated areas of a file",
1653 };
1654
1655 static int abort_f(int argc, char **argv)
1656 {
1657     abort();
1658 }
1659
1660 static const cmdinfo_t abort_cmd = {
1661        .name           = "abort",
1662        .cfunc          = abort_f,
1663        .flags          = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
1664        .oneline        = "simulate a program crash using abort(3)",
1665 };
1666
1667 static int close_f(int argc, char **argv)
1668 {
1669     bdrv_delete(bs);
1670     bs = NULL;
1671     return 0;
1672 }
1673
1674 static const cmdinfo_t close_cmd = {
1675     .name       = "close",
1676     .altname    = "c",
1677     .cfunc      = close_f,
1678     .oneline    = "close the current open file",
1679 };
1680
1681 static int openfile(char *name, int flags, int growable)
1682 {
1683     if (bs) {
1684         fprintf(stderr, "file open already, try 'help close'\n");
1685         return 1;
1686     }
1687
1688     if (growable) {
1689         if (bdrv_file_open(&bs, name, flags)) {
1690             fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1691             return 1;
1692         }
1693     } else {
1694         bs = bdrv_new("hda");
1695
1696         if (bdrv_open(bs, name, flags, NULL) < 0) {
1697             fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open device %s\n", progname, name);
1698             bdrv_delete(bs);
1699             bs = NULL;
1700             return 1;
1701         }
1702     }
1703
1704     return 0;
1705 }
1706
1707 static void open_help(void)
1708 {
1709     printf(
1710 "\n"
1711 " opens a new file in the requested mode\n"
1712 "\n"
1713 " Example:\n"
1714 " 'open -Cn /tmp/data' - creates/opens data file read-write and uncached\n"
1715 "\n"
1716 " Opens a file for subsequent use by all of the other qemu-io commands.\n"
1717 " -r, -- open file read-only\n"
1718 " -s, -- use snapshot file\n"
1719 " -n, -- disable host cache\n"
1720 " -g, -- allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)"
1721 "\n");
1722 }
1723
1724 static int open_f(int argc, char **argv);
1725
1726 static const cmdinfo_t open_cmd = {
1727     .name       = "open",
1728     .altname    = "o",
1729     .cfunc      = open_f,
1730     .argmin     = 1,
1731     .argmax     = -1,
1732     .flags      = CMD_NOFILE_OK,
1733     .args       = "[-Crsn] [path]",
1734     .oneline    = "open the file specified by path",
1735     .help       = open_help,
1736 };
1737
1738 static int open_f(int argc, char **argv)
1739 {
1740     int flags = 0;
1741     int readonly = 0;
1742     int growable = 0;
1743     int c;
1744
1745     while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "snrg")) != EOF) {
1746         switch (c) {
1747         case 's':
1748             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1749             break;
1750         case 'n':
1751             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
1752             break;
1753         case 'r':
1754             readonly = 1;
1755             break;
1756         case 'g':
1757             growable = 1;
1758             break;
1759         default:
1760             return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1761         }
1762     }
1763
1764     if (!readonly) {
1765         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1766     }
1767
1768     if (optind != argc - 1) {
1769         return command_usage(&open_cmd);
1770     }
1771
1772     return openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1773 }
1774
1775 static int init_args_command(int index)
1776 {
1777     /* only one device allowed so far */
1778     if (index >= 1) {
1779         return 0;
1780     }
1781     return ++index;
1782 }
1783
1784 static int init_check_command(const cmdinfo_t *ct)
1785 {
1786     if (ct->flags & CMD_FLAG_GLOBAL) {
1787         return 1;
1788     }
1789     if (!(ct->flags & CMD_NOFILE_OK) && !bs) {
1790         fprintf(stderr, "no file open, try 'help open'\n");
1791         return 0;
1792     }
1793     return 1;
1794 }
1795
1796 static void usage(const char *name)
1797 {
1798     printf(
1799 "Usage: %s [-h] [-V] [-rsnm] [-c cmd] ... [file]\n"
1800 "QEMU Disk exerciser\n"
1801 "\n"
1802 "  -c, --cmd            command to execute\n"
1803 "  -r, --read-only      export read-only\n"
1804 "  -s, --snapshot       use snapshot file\n"
1805 "  -n, --nocache        disable host cache\n"
1806 "  -g, --growable       allow file to grow (only applies to protocols)\n"
1807 "  -m, --misalign       misalign allocations for O_DIRECT\n"
1808 "  -k, --native-aio     use kernel AIO implementation (on Linux only)\n"
1809 "  -t, --cache=MODE     use the given cache mode for the image\n"
1810 "  -T, --trace FILE     enable trace events listed in the given file\n"
1811 "  -h, --help           display this help and exit\n"
1812 "  -V, --version        output version information and exit\n"
1813 "\n",
1814     name);
1815 }
1816
1817
1818 int main(int argc, char **argv)
1819 {
1820     int readonly = 0;
1821     int growable = 0;
1822     const char *sopt = "hVc:rsnmgkt:T:";
1823     const struct option lopt[] = {
1824         { "help", 0, NULL, 'h' },
1825         { "version", 0, NULL, 'V' },
1826         { "offset", 1, NULL, 'o' },
1827         { "cmd", 1, NULL, 'c' },
1828         { "read-only", 0, NULL, 'r' },
1829         { "snapshot", 0, NULL, 's' },
1830         { "nocache", 0, NULL, 'n' },
1831         { "misalign", 0, NULL, 'm' },
1832         { "growable", 0, NULL, 'g' },
1833         { "native-aio", 0, NULL, 'k' },
1834         { "cache", 1, NULL, 't' },
1835         { "trace", 1, NULL, 'T' },
1836         { NULL, 0, NULL, 0 }
1837     };
1838     int c;
1839     int opt_index = 0;
1840     int flags = 0;
1841
1842     progname = basename(argv[0]);
1843
1844     while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, sopt, lopt, &opt_index)) != -1) {
1845         switch (c) {
1846         case 's':
1847             flags |= BDRV_O_SNAPSHOT;
1848             break;
1849         case 'n':
1850             flags |= BDRV_O_NOCACHE | BDRV_O_CACHE_WB;
1851             break;
1852         case 'c':
1853             add_user_command(optarg);
1854             break;
1855         case 'r':
1856             readonly = 1;
1857             break;
1858         case 'm':
1859             misalign = 1;
1860             break;
1861         case 'g':
1862             growable = 1;
1863             break;
1864         case 'k':
1865             flags |= BDRV_O_NATIVE_AIO;
1866             break;
1867         case 't':
1868             if (bdrv_parse_cache_flags(optarg, &flags) < 0) {
1869                 error_report("Invalid cache option: %s", optarg);
1870                 exit(1);
1871             }
1872             break;
1873         case 'T':
1874             if (!trace_backend_init(optarg, NULL)) {
1875                 exit(1); /* error message will have been printed */
1876             }
1877             break;
1878         case 'V':
1879             printf("%s version %s\n", progname, VERSION);
1880             exit(0);
1881         case 'h':
1882             usage(progname);
1883             exit(0);
1884         default:
1885             usage(progname);
1886             exit(1);
1887         }
1888     }
1889
1890     if ((argc - optind) > 1) {
1891         usage(progname);
1892         exit(1);
1893     }
1894
1895     qemu_init_main_loop();
1896     bdrv_init();
1897
1898     /* initialize commands */
1899     quit_init();
1900     help_init();
1901     add_command(&open_cmd);
1902     add_command(&close_cmd);
1903     add_command(&read_cmd);
1904     add_command(&readv_cmd);
1905     add_command(&write_cmd);
1906     add_command(&writev_cmd);
1907     add_command(&multiwrite_cmd);
1908     add_command(&aio_read_cmd);
1909     add_command(&aio_write_cmd);
1910     add_command(&aio_flush_cmd);
1911     add_command(&flush_cmd);
1912     add_command(&truncate_cmd);
1913     add_command(&length_cmd);
1914     add_command(&info_cmd);
1915     add_command(&discard_cmd);
1916     add_command(&alloc_cmd);
1917     add_command(&map_cmd);
1918     add_command(&abort_cmd);
1919
1920     add_args_command(init_args_command);
1921     add_check_command(init_check_command);
1922
1923     /* open the device */
1924     if (!readonly) {
1925         flags |= BDRV_O_RDWR;
1926     }
1927
1928     if ((argc - optind) == 1) {
1929         openfile(argv[optind], flags, growable);
1930     }
1931     command_loop();
1932
1933     /*
1934      * Make sure all outstanding requests complete before the program exits.
1935      */
1936     bdrv_drain_all();
1937
1938     if (bs) {
1939         bdrv_delete(bs);
1940     }
1941     return 0;
1942 }