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qemu-tech: Spelling fixes
[qemu/agraf.git] / block / qcow.c
blobf67d3d39f261806e85d8b162ee5ad9ec617a10df
1 /*
2 * Block driver for the QCOW format
3 *
4 * Copyright (c) 2004-2006 Fabrice Bellard
5 *
6 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
7 * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
8 * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
9 * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
10 * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
11 * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
12 *
13 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
14 * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
15 *
16 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
17 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
18 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
19 * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
20 * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
21 * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
22 * THE SOFTWARE.
23 */
24 #include "qemu-common.h"
25 #include "block_int.h"
26 #include "module.h"
27 #include <zlib.h>
28 #include "aes.h"
29
30 /**************************************************************/
31 /* QEMU COW block driver with compression and encryption support */
32
33 #define QCOW_MAGIC (('Q' << 24) | ('F' << 16) | ('I' << 8) | 0xfb)
34 #define QCOW_VERSION 1
35
36 #define QCOW_CRYPT_NONE 0
37 #define QCOW_CRYPT_AES 1
38
39 #define QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED (1LL << 63)
40
41 typedef struct QCowHeader {
42 uint32_t magic;
43 uint32_t version;
44 uint64_t backing_file_offset;
45 uint32_t backing_file_size;
46 uint32_t mtime;
47 uint64_t size; /* in bytes */
48 uint8_t cluster_bits;
49 uint8_t l2_bits;
50 uint32_t crypt_method;
51 uint64_t l1_table_offset;
52 } QCowHeader;
53
54 #define L2_CACHE_SIZE 16
55
56 typedef struct BDRVQcowState {
57 int cluster_bits;
58 int cluster_size;
59 int cluster_sectors;
60 int l2_bits;
61 int l2_size;
62 int l1_size;
63 uint64_t cluster_offset_mask;
64 uint64_t l1_table_offset;
65 uint64_t *l1_table;
66 uint64_t *l2_cache;
67 uint64_t l2_cache_offsets[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
68 uint32_t l2_cache_counts[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
69 uint8_t *cluster_cache;
70 uint8_t *cluster_data;
71 uint64_t cluster_cache_offset;
72 uint32_t crypt_method; /* current crypt method, 0 if no key yet */
73 uint32_t crypt_method_header;
74 AES_KEY aes_encrypt_key;
75 AES_KEY aes_decrypt_key;
76 } BDRVQcowState;
77
78 static int decompress_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t cluster_offset);
79
80 static int qcow_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
81 {
82 const QCowHeader *cow_header = (const void *)buf;
83
84 if (buf_size >= sizeof(QCowHeader) &&
85 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->magic) == QCOW_MAGIC &&
86 be32_to_cpu(cow_header->version) == QCOW_VERSION)
87 return 100;
88 else
89 return 0;
90 }
91
92 static int qcow_open(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags)
93 {
94 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
95 int len, i, shift;
96 QCowHeader header;
97
98 if (bdrv_pread(bs->file, 0, &header, sizeof(header)) != sizeof(header))
99 goto fail;
100 be32_to_cpus(&header.magic);
101 be32_to_cpus(&header.version);
102 be64_to_cpus(&header.backing_file_offset);
103 be32_to_cpus(&header.backing_file_size);
104 be32_to_cpus(&header.mtime);
105 be64_to_cpus(&header.size);
106 be32_to_cpus(&header.crypt_method);
107 be64_to_cpus(&header.l1_table_offset);
108
109 if (header.magic != QCOW_MAGIC || header.version != QCOW_VERSION)
110 goto fail;
111 if (header.size <= 1 || header.cluster_bits < 9)
112 goto fail;
113 if (header.crypt_method > QCOW_CRYPT_AES)
114 goto fail;
115 s->crypt_method_header = header.crypt_method;
116 if (s->crypt_method_header)
117 bs->encrypted = 1;
118 s->cluster_bits = header.cluster_bits;
119 s->cluster_size = 1 << s->cluster_bits;
120 s->cluster_sectors = 1 << (s->cluster_bits - 9);
121 s->l2_bits = header.l2_bits;
122 s->l2_size = 1 << s->l2_bits;
123 bs->total_sectors = header.size / 512;
124 s->cluster_offset_mask = (1LL << (63 - s->cluster_bits)) - 1;
125
126 /* read the level 1 table */
127 shift = s->cluster_bits + s->l2_bits;
128 s->l1_size = (header.size + (1LL << shift) - 1) >> shift;
129
130 s->l1_table_offset = header.l1_table_offset;
131 s->l1_table = qemu_malloc(s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
132 if (!s->l1_table)
133 goto fail;
134 if (bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_table, s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t)) !=
135 s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t))
136 goto fail;
137 for(i = 0;i < s->l1_size; i++) {
138 be64_to_cpus(&s->l1_table[i]);
139 }
140 /* alloc L2 cache */
141 s->l2_cache = qemu_malloc(s->l2_size * L2_CACHE_SIZE * sizeof(uint64_t));
142 if (!s->l2_cache)
143 goto fail;
144 s->cluster_cache = qemu_malloc(s->cluster_size);
145 if (!s->cluster_cache)
146 goto fail;
147 s->cluster_data = qemu_malloc(s->cluster_size);
148 if (!s->cluster_data)
149 goto fail;
150 s->cluster_cache_offset = -1;
151
152 /* read the backing file name */
153 if (header.backing_file_offset != 0) {
154 len = header.backing_file_size;
155 if (len > 1023)
156 len = 1023;
157 if (bdrv_pread(bs->file, header.backing_file_offset, bs->backing_file, len) != len)
158 goto fail;
159 bs->backing_file[len] = '\0';
160 }
161 return 0;
162
163 fail:
164 qemu_free(s->l1_table);
165 qemu_free(s->l2_cache);
166 qemu_free(s->cluster_cache);
167 qemu_free(s->cluster_data);
168 return -1;
169 }
170
171 static int qcow_set_key(BlockDriverState *bs, const char *key)
172 {
173 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
174 uint8_t keybuf[16];
175 int len, i;
176
177 memset(keybuf, 0, 16);
178 len = strlen(key);
179 if (len > 16)
180 len = 16;
181 /* XXX: we could compress the chars to 7 bits to increase
182 entropy */
183 for(i = 0;i < len;i++) {
184 keybuf[i] = key[i];
185 }
186 s->crypt_method = s->crypt_method_header;
187
188 if (AES_set_encrypt_key(keybuf, 128, &s->aes_encrypt_key) != 0)
189 return -1;
190 if (AES_set_decrypt_key(keybuf, 128, &s->aes_decrypt_key) != 0)
191 return -1;
192 #if 0
193 /* test */
194 {
195 uint8_t in[16];
196 uint8_t out[16];
197 uint8_t tmp[16];
198 for(i=0;i<16;i++)
199 in[i] = i;
200 AES_encrypt(in, tmp, &s->aes_encrypt_key);
201 AES_decrypt(tmp, out, &s->aes_decrypt_key);
202 for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
203 printf(" %02x", tmp[i]);
204 printf("\n");
205 for(i = 0; i < 16; i++)
206 printf(" %02x", out[i]);
207 printf("\n");
208 }
209 #endif
210 return 0;
211 }
212
213 /* The crypt function is compatible with the linux cryptoloop
214 algorithm for < 4 GB images. NOTE: out_buf == in_buf is
215 supported */
216 static void encrypt_sectors(BDRVQcowState *s, int64_t sector_num,
217 uint8_t *out_buf, const uint8_t *in_buf,
218 int nb_sectors, int enc,
219 const AES_KEY *key)
220 {
221 union {
222 uint64_t ll[2];
223 uint8_t b[16];
224 } ivec;
225 int i;
226
227 for(i = 0; i < nb_sectors; i++) {
228 ivec.ll[0] = cpu_to_le64(sector_num);
229 ivec.ll[1] = 0;
230 AES_cbc_encrypt(in_buf, out_buf, 512, key,
231 ivec.b, enc);
232 sector_num++;
233 in_buf += 512;
234 out_buf += 512;
235 }
236 }
237
238 /* 'allocate' is:
239 *
240 * 0 to not allocate.
241 *
242 * 1 to allocate a normal cluster (for sector indexes 'n_start' to
243 * 'n_end')
244 *
245 * 2 to allocate a compressed cluster of size
246 * 'compressed_size'. 'compressed_size' must be > 0 and <
247 * cluster_size
248 *
249 * return 0 if not allocated.
250 */
251 static uint64_t get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
252 uint64_t offset, int allocate,
253 int compressed_size,
254 int n_start, int n_end)
255 {
256 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
257 int min_index, i, j, l1_index, l2_index;
258 uint64_t l2_offset, *l2_table, cluster_offset, tmp;
259 uint32_t min_count;
260 int new_l2_table;
261
262 l1_index = offset >> (s->l2_bits + s->cluster_bits);
263 l2_offset = s->l1_table[l1_index];
264 new_l2_table = 0;
265 if (!l2_offset) {
266 if (!allocate)
267 return 0;
268 /* allocate a new l2 entry */
269 l2_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file);
270 /* round to cluster size */
271 l2_offset = (l2_offset + s->cluster_size - 1) & ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
272 /* update the L1 entry */
273 s->l1_table[l1_index] = l2_offset;
274 tmp = cpu_to_be64(l2_offset);
275 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file,
276 s->l1_table_offset + l1_index * sizeof(tmp),
277 &tmp, sizeof(tmp)) < 0)
278 return 0;
279 new_l2_table = 1;
280 }
281 for(i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
282 if (l2_offset == s->l2_cache_offsets[i]) {
283 /* increment the hit count */
284 if (++s->l2_cache_counts[i] == 0xffffffff) {
285 for(j = 0; j < L2_CACHE_SIZE; j++) {
286 s->l2_cache_counts[j] >>= 1;
287 }
288 }
289 l2_table = s->l2_cache + (i << s->l2_bits);
290 goto found;
291 }
292 }
293 /* not found: load a new entry in the least used one */
294 min_index = 0;
295 min_count = 0xffffffff;
296 for(i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
297 if (s->l2_cache_counts[i] < min_count) {
298 min_count = s->l2_cache_counts[i];
299 min_index = i;
300 }
301 }
302 l2_table = s->l2_cache + (min_index << s->l2_bits);
303 if (new_l2_table) {
304 memset(l2_table, 0, s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t));
305 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, l2_offset, l2_table,
306 s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t)) < 0)
307 return 0;
308 } else {
309 if (bdrv_pread(bs->file, l2_offset, l2_table, s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t)) !=
310 s->l2_size * sizeof(uint64_t))
311 return 0;
312 }
313 s->l2_cache_offsets[min_index] = l2_offset;
314 s->l2_cache_counts[min_index] = 1;
315 found:
316 l2_index = (offset >> s->cluster_bits) & (s->l2_size - 1);
317 cluster_offset = be64_to_cpu(l2_table[l2_index]);
318 if (!cluster_offset ||
319 ((cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) && allocate == 1)) {
320 if (!allocate)
321 return 0;
322 /* allocate a new cluster */
323 if ((cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) &&
324 (n_end - n_start) < s->cluster_sectors) {
325 /* if the cluster is already compressed, we must
326 decompress it in the case it is not completely
327 overwritten */
328 if (decompress_cluster(bs, cluster_offset) < 0)
329 return 0;
330 cluster_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file);
331 cluster_offset = (cluster_offset + s->cluster_size - 1) &
332 ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
333 /* write the cluster content */
334 if (bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, cluster_offset, s->cluster_cache, s->cluster_size) !=
335 s->cluster_size)
336 return -1;
337 } else {
338 cluster_offset = bdrv_getlength(bs->file);
339 if (allocate == 1) {
340 /* round to cluster size */
341 cluster_offset = (cluster_offset + s->cluster_size - 1) &
342 ~(s->cluster_size - 1);
343 bdrv_truncate(bs->file, cluster_offset + s->cluster_size);
344 /* if encrypted, we must initialize the cluster
345 content which won't be written */
346 if (s->crypt_method &&
347 (n_end - n_start) < s->cluster_sectors) {
348 uint64_t start_sect;
349 start_sect = (offset & ~(s->cluster_size - 1)) >> 9;
350 memset(s->cluster_data + 512, 0x00, 512);
351 for(i = 0; i < s->cluster_sectors; i++) {
352 if (i < n_start || i >= n_end) {
353 encrypt_sectors(s, start_sect + i,
354 s->cluster_data,
355 s->cluster_data + 512, 1, 1,
356 &s->aes_encrypt_key);
357 if (bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, cluster_offset + i * 512,
358 s->cluster_data, 512) != 512)
359 return -1;
360 }
361 }
362 }
363 } else if (allocate == 2) {
364 cluster_offset |= QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED |
365 (uint64_t)compressed_size << (63 - s->cluster_bits);
366 }
367 }
368 /* update L2 table */
369 tmp = cpu_to_be64(cluster_offset);
370 l2_table[l2_index] = tmp;
371 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, l2_offset + l2_index * sizeof(tmp),
372 &tmp, sizeof(tmp)) < 0)
373 return 0;
374 }
375 return cluster_offset;
376 }
377
378 static int qcow_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
379 int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
380 {
381 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
382 int index_in_cluster, n;
383 uint64_t cluster_offset;
384
385 cluster_offset = get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9, 0, 0, 0, 0);
386 index_in_cluster = sector_num & (s->cluster_sectors - 1);
387 n = s->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
388 if (n > nb_sectors)
389 n = nb_sectors;
390 *pnum = n;
391 return (cluster_offset != 0);
392 }
393
394 static int decompress_buffer(uint8_t *out_buf, int out_buf_size,
395 const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size)
396 {
397 z_stream strm1, *strm = &strm1;
398 int ret, out_len;
399
400 memset(strm, 0, sizeof(*strm));
401
402 strm->next_in = (uint8_t *)buf;
403 strm->avail_in = buf_size;
404 strm->next_out = out_buf;
405 strm->avail_out = out_buf_size;
406
407 ret = inflateInit2(strm, -12);
408 if (ret != Z_OK)
409 return -1;
410 ret = inflate(strm, Z_FINISH);
411 out_len = strm->next_out - out_buf;
412 if ((ret != Z_STREAM_END && ret != Z_BUF_ERROR) ||
413 out_len != out_buf_size) {
414 inflateEnd(strm);
415 return -1;
416 }
417 inflateEnd(strm);
418 return 0;
419 }
420
421 static int decompress_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs, uint64_t cluster_offset)
422 {
423 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
424 int ret, csize;
425 uint64_t coffset;
426
427 coffset = cluster_offset & s->cluster_offset_mask;
428 if (s->cluster_cache_offset != coffset) {
429 csize = cluster_offset >> (63 - s->cluster_bits);
430 csize &= (s->cluster_size - 1);
431 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, coffset, s->cluster_data, csize);
432 if (ret != csize)
433 return -1;
434 if (decompress_buffer(s->cluster_cache, s->cluster_size,
435 s->cluster_data, csize) < 0) {
436 return -1;
437 }
438 s->cluster_cache_offset = coffset;
439 }
440 return 0;
441 }
442
443 #if 0
444
445 static int qcow_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
446 uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
447 {
448 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
449 int ret, index_in_cluster, n;
450 uint64_t cluster_offset;
451
452 while (nb_sectors > 0) {
453 cluster_offset = get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9, 0, 0, 0, 0);
454 index_in_cluster = sector_num & (s->cluster_sectors - 1);
455 n = s->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
456 if (n > nb_sectors)
457 n = nb_sectors;
458 if (!cluster_offset) {
459 if (bs->backing_hd) {
460 /* read from the base image */
461 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing_hd, sector_num, buf, n);
462 if (ret < 0)
463 return -1;
464 } else {
465 memset(buf, 0, 512 * n);
466 }
467 } else if (cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) {
468 if (decompress_cluster(bs, cluster_offset) < 0)
469 return -1;
470 memcpy(buf, s->cluster_cache + index_in_cluster * 512, 512 * n);
471 } else {
472 ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, cluster_offset + index_in_cluster * 512, buf, n * 512);
473 if (ret != n * 512)
474 return -1;
475 if (s->crypt_method) {
476 encrypt_sectors(s, sector_num, buf, buf, n, 0,
477 &s->aes_decrypt_key);
478 }
479 }
480 nb_sectors -= n;
481 sector_num += n;
482 buf += n * 512;
483 }
484 return 0;
485 }
486 #endif
487
488 typedef struct QCowAIOCB {
489 BlockDriverAIOCB common;
490 int64_t sector_num;
491 QEMUIOVector *qiov;
492 uint8_t *buf;
493 void *orig_buf;
494 int nb_sectors;
495 int n;
496 uint64_t cluster_offset;
497 uint8_t *cluster_data;
498 struct iovec hd_iov;
499 QEMUIOVector hd_qiov;
500 BlockDriverAIOCB *hd_aiocb;
501 } QCowAIOCB;
502
503 static void qcow_aio_cancel(BlockDriverAIOCB *blockacb)
504 {
505 QCowAIOCB *acb = container_of(blockacb, QCowAIOCB, common);
506 if (acb->hd_aiocb)
507 bdrv_aio_cancel(acb->hd_aiocb);
508 qemu_aio_release(acb);
509 }
510
511 static AIOPool qcow_aio_pool = {
512 .aiocb_size = sizeof(QCowAIOCB),
513 .cancel = qcow_aio_cancel,
514 };
515
516 static QCowAIOCB *qcow_aio_setup(BlockDriverState *bs,
517 int64_t sector_num, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int nb_sectors,
518 BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque, int is_write)
519 {
520 QCowAIOCB *acb;
521
522 acb = qemu_aio_get(&qcow_aio_pool, bs, cb, opaque);
523 if (!acb)
524 return NULL;
525 acb->hd_aiocb = NULL;
526 acb->sector_num = sector_num;
527 acb->qiov = qiov;
528 if (qiov->niov > 1) {
529 acb->buf = acb->orig_buf = qemu_blockalign(bs, qiov->size);
530 if (is_write)
531 qemu_iovec_to_buffer(qiov, acb->buf);
532 } else {
533 acb->buf = (uint8_t *)qiov->iov->iov_base;
534 }
535 acb->nb_sectors = nb_sectors;
536 acb->n = 0;
537 acb->cluster_offset = 0;
538 return acb;
539 }
540
541 static void qcow_aio_read_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
542 {
543 QCowAIOCB *acb = opaque;
544 BlockDriverState *bs = acb->common.bs;
545 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
546 int index_in_cluster;
547
548 acb->hd_aiocb = NULL;
549 if (ret < 0)
550 goto done;
551
552 redo:
553 /* post process the read buffer */
554 if (!acb->cluster_offset) {
555 /* nothing to do */
556 } else if (acb->cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) {
557 /* nothing to do */
558 } else {
559 if (s->crypt_method) {
560 encrypt_sectors(s, acb->sector_num, acb->buf, acb->buf,
561 acb->n, 0,
562 &s->aes_decrypt_key);
563 }
564 }
565
566 acb->nb_sectors -= acb->n;
567 acb->sector_num += acb->n;
568 acb->buf += acb->n * 512;
569
570 if (acb->nb_sectors == 0) {
571 /* request completed */
572 ret = 0;
573 goto done;
574 }
575
576 /* prepare next AIO request */
577 acb->cluster_offset = get_cluster_offset(bs, acb->sector_num << 9,
578 0, 0, 0, 0);
579 index_in_cluster = acb->sector_num & (s->cluster_sectors - 1);
580 acb->n = s->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
581 if (acb->n > acb->nb_sectors)
582 acb->n = acb->nb_sectors;
583
584 if (!acb->cluster_offset) {
585 if (bs->backing_hd) {
586 /* read from the base image */
587 acb->hd_iov.iov_base = (void *)acb->buf;
588 acb->hd_iov.iov_len = acb->n * 512;
589 qemu_iovec_init_external(&acb->hd_qiov, &acb->hd_iov, 1);
590 acb->hd_aiocb = bdrv_aio_readv(bs->backing_hd, acb->sector_num,
591 &acb->hd_qiov, acb->n, qcow_aio_read_cb, acb);
592 if (acb->hd_aiocb == NULL)
593 goto done;
594 } else {
595 /* Note: in this case, no need to wait */
596 memset(acb->buf, 0, 512 * acb->n);
597 goto redo;
598 }
599 } else if (acb->cluster_offset & QCOW_OFLAG_COMPRESSED) {
600 /* add AIO support for compressed blocks ? */
601 if (decompress_cluster(bs, acb->cluster_offset) < 0)
602 goto done;
603 memcpy(acb->buf,
604 s->cluster_cache + index_in_cluster * 512, 512 * acb->n);
605 goto redo;
606 } else {
607 if ((acb->cluster_offset & 511) != 0) {
608 ret = -EIO;
609 goto done;
610 }
611 acb->hd_iov.iov_base = (void *)acb->buf;
612 acb->hd_iov.iov_len = acb->n * 512;
613 qemu_iovec_init_external(&acb->hd_qiov, &acb->hd_iov, 1);
614 acb->hd_aiocb = bdrv_aio_readv(bs->file,
615 (acb->cluster_offset >> 9) + index_in_cluster,
616 &acb->hd_qiov, acb->n, qcow_aio_read_cb, acb);
617 if (acb->hd_aiocb == NULL)
618 goto done;
619 }
620
621 return;
622
623 done:
624 if (acb->qiov->niov > 1) {
625 qemu_iovec_from_buffer(acb->qiov, acb->orig_buf, acb->qiov->size);
626 qemu_vfree(acb->orig_buf);
627 }
628 acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, ret);
629 qemu_aio_release(acb);
630 }
631
632 static BlockDriverAIOCB *qcow_aio_readv(BlockDriverState *bs,
633 int64_t sector_num, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int nb_sectors,
634 BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
635 {
636 QCowAIOCB *acb;
637
638 acb = qcow_aio_setup(bs, sector_num, qiov, nb_sectors, cb, opaque, 0);
639 if (!acb)
640 return NULL;
641
642 qcow_aio_read_cb(acb, 0);
643 return &acb->common;
644 }
645
646 static void qcow_aio_write_cb(void *opaque, int ret)
647 {
648 QCowAIOCB *acb = opaque;
649 BlockDriverState *bs = acb->common.bs;
650 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
651 int index_in_cluster;
652 uint64_t cluster_offset;
653 const uint8_t *src_buf;
654
655 acb->hd_aiocb = NULL;
656
657 if (ret < 0)
658 goto done;
659
660 acb->nb_sectors -= acb->n;
661 acb->sector_num += acb->n;
662 acb->buf += acb->n * 512;
663
664 if (acb->nb_sectors == 0) {
665 /* request completed */
666 ret = 0;
667 goto done;
668 }
669
670 index_in_cluster = acb->sector_num & (s->cluster_sectors - 1);
671 acb->n = s->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
672 if (acb->n > acb->nb_sectors)
673 acb->n = acb->nb_sectors;
674 cluster_offset = get_cluster_offset(bs, acb->sector_num << 9, 1, 0,
675 index_in_cluster,
676 index_in_cluster + acb->n);
677 if (!cluster_offset || (cluster_offset & 511) != 0) {
678 ret = -EIO;
679 goto done;
680 }
681 if (s->crypt_method) {
682 if (!acb->cluster_data) {
683 acb->cluster_data = qemu_mallocz(s->cluster_size);
684 if (!acb->cluster_data) {
685 ret = -ENOMEM;
686 goto done;
687 }
688 }
689 encrypt_sectors(s, acb->sector_num, acb->cluster_data, acb->buf,
690 acb->n, 1, &s->aes_encrypt_key);
691 src_buf = acb->cluster_data;
692 } else {
693 src_buf = acb->buf;
694 }
695
696 acb->hd_iov.iov_base = (void *)src_buf;
697 acb->hd_iov.iov_len = acb->n * 512;
698 qemu_iovec_init_external(&acb->hd_qiov, &acb->hd_iov, 1);
699 acb->hd_aiocb = bdrv_aio_writev(bs->file,
700 (cluster_offset >> 9) + index_in_cluster,
701 &acb->hd_qiov, acb->n,
702 qcow_aio_write_cb, acb);
703 if (acb->hd_aiocb == NULL)
704 goto done;
705 return;
706
707 done:
708 if (acb->qiov->niov > 1)
709 qemu_vfree(acb->orig_buf);
710 acb->common.cb(acb->common.opaque, ret);
711 qemu_aio_release(acb);
712 }
713
714 static BlockDriverAIOCB *qcow_aio_writev(BlockDriverState *bs,
715 int64_t sector_num, QEMUIOVector *qiov, int nb_sectors,
716 BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
717 {
718 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
719 QCowAIOCB *acb;
720
721 s->cluster_cache_offset = -1; /* disable compressed cache */
722
723 acb = qcow_aio_setup(bs, sector_num, qiov, nb_sectors, cb, opaque, 1);
724 if (!acb)
725 return NULL;
726
727
728 qcow_aio_write_cb(acb, 0);
729 return &acb->common;
730 }
731
732 static void qcow_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
733 {
734 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
735 qemu_free(s->l1_table);
736 qemu_free(s->l2_cache);
737 qemu_free(s->cluster_cache);
738 qemu_free(s->cluster_data);
739 }
740
741 static int qcow_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options)
742 {
743 int fd, header_size, backing_filename_len, l1_size, i, shift;
744 QCowHeader header;
745 uint64_t tmp;
746 int64_t total_size = 0;
747 const char *backing_file = NULL;
748 int flags = 0;
749 int ret;
750
751 /* Read out options */
752 while (options && options->name) {
753 if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE)) {
754 total_size = options->value.n / 512;
755 } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE)) {
756 backing_file = options->value.s;
757 } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT)) {
758 flags |= options->value.n ? BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT : 0;
759 }
760 options++;
761 }
762
763 fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY, 0644);
764 if (fd < 0)
765 return -errno;
766 memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
767 header.magic = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_MAGIC);
768 header.version = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_VERSION);
769 header.size = cpu_to_be64(total_size * 512);
770 header_size = sizeof(header);
771 backing_filename_len = 0;
772 if (backing_file) {
773 if (strcmp(backing_file, "fat:")) {
774 header.backing_file_offset = cpu_to_be64(header_size);
775 backing_filename_len = strlen(backing_file);
776 header.backing_file_size = cpu_to_be32(backing_filename_len);
777 header_size += backing_filename_len;
778 } else {
779 /* special backing file for vvfat */
780 backing_file = NULL;
781 }
782 header.cluster_bits = 9; /* 512 byte cluster to avoid copying
783 unmodifyed sectors */
784 header.l2_bits = 12; /* 32 KB L2 tables */
785 } else {
786 header.cluster_bits = 12; /* 4 KB clusters */
787 header.l2_bits = 9; /* 4 KB L2 tables */
788 }
789 header_size = (header_size + 7) & ~7;
790 shift = header.cluster_bits + header.l2_bits;
791 l1_size = ((total_size * 512) + (1LL << shift) - 1) >> shift;
792
793 header.l1_table_offset = cpu_to_be64(header_size);
794 if (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_ENCRYPT) {
795 header.crypt_method = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_CRYPT_AES);
796 } else {
797 header.crypt_method = cpu_to_be32(QCOW_CRYPT_NONE);
798 }
799
800 /* write all the data */
801 ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &header, sizeof(header));
802 if (ret != sizeof(header)) {
803 ret = -errno;
804 goto exit;
805 }
806
807 if (backing_file) {
808 ret = qemu_write_full(fd, backing_file, backing_filename_len);
809 if (ret != backing_filename_len) {
810 ret = -errno;
811 goto exit;
812 }
813
814 }
815 lseek(fd, header_size, SEEK_SET);
816 tmp = 0;
817 for(i = 0;i < l1_size; i++) {
818 ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
819 if (ret != sizeof(tmp)) {
820 ret = -errno;
821 goto exit;
822 }
823 }
824
825 ret = 0;
826 exit:
827 close(fd);
828 return ret;
829 }
830
831 static int qcow_make_empty(BlockDriverState *bs)
832 {
833 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
834 uint32_t l1_length = s->l1_size * sizeof(uint64_t);
835 int ret;
836
837 memset(s->l1_table, 0, l1_length);
838 if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, s->l1_table_offset, s->l1_table,
839 l1_length) < 0)
840 return -1;
841 ret = bdrv_truncate(bs->file, s->l1_table_offset + l1_length);
842 if (ret < 0)
843 return ret;
844
845 memset(s->l2_cache, 0, s->l2_size * L2_CACHE_SIZE * sizeof(uint64_t));
846 memset(s->l2_cache_offsets, 0, L2_CACHE_SIZE * sizeof(uint64_t));
847 memset(s->l2_cache_counts, 0, L2_CACHE_SIZE * sizeof(uint32_t));
848
849 return 0;
850 }
851
852 /* XXX: put compressed sectors first, then all the cluster aligned
853 tables to avoid losing bytes in alignment */
854 static int qcow_write_compressed(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
855 const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
856 {
857 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
858 z_stream strm;
859 int ret, out_len;
860 uint8_t *out_buf;
861 uint64_t cluster_offset;
862
863 if (nb_sectors != s->cluster_sectors)
864 return -EINVAL;
865
866 out_buf = qemu_malloc(s->cluster_size + (s->cluster_size / 1000) + 128);
867 if (!out_buf)
868 return -1;
869
870 /* best compression, small window, no zlib header */
871 memset(&strm, 0, sizeof(strm));
872 ret = deflateInit2(&strm, Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION,
873 Z_DEFLATED, -12,
874 9, Z_DEFAULT_STRATEGY);
875 if (ret != 0) {
876 qemu_free(out_buf);
877 return -1;
878 }
879
880 strm.avail_in = s->cluster_size;
881 strm.next_in = (uint8_t *)buf;
882 strm.avail_out = s->cluster_size;
883 strm.next_out = out_buf;
884
885 ret = deflate(&strm, Z_FINISH);
886 if (ret != Z_STREAM_END && ret != Z_OK) {
887 qemu_free(out_buf);
888 deflateEnd(&strm);
889 return -1;
890 }
891 out_len = strm.next_out - out_buf;
892
893 deflateEnd(&strm);
894
895 if (ret != Z_STREAM_END || out_len >= s->cluster_size) {
896 /* could not compress: write normal cluster */
897 bdrv_write(bs, sector_num, buf, s->cluster_sectors);
898 } else {
899 cluster_offset = get_cluster_offset(bs, sector_num << 9, 2,
900 out_len, 0, 0);
901 cluster_offset &= s->cluster_offset_mask;
902 if (bdrv_pwrite(bs->file, cluster_offset, out_buf, out_len) != out_len) {
903 qemu_free(out_buf);
904 return -1;
905 }
906 }
907
908 qemu_free(out_buf);
909 return 0;
910 }
911
912 static int qcow_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
913 {
914 return bdrv_flush(bs->file);
915 }
916
917 static BlockDriverAIOCB *qcow_aio_flush(BlockDriverState *bs,
918 BlockDriverCompletionFunc *cb, void *opaque)
919 {
920 return bdrv_aio_flush(bs->file, cb, opaque);
921 }
922
923 static int qcow_get_info(BlockDriverState *bs, BlockDriverInfo *bdi)
924 {
925 BDRVQcowState *s = bs->opaque;
926 bdi->cluster_size = s->cluster_size;
927 return 0;
928 }
929
930
931 static QEMUOptionParameter qcow_create_options[] = {
932 {
933 .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
934 .type = OPT_SIZE,
935 .help = "Virtual disk size"
936 },
937 {
938 .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
939 .type = OPT_STRING,
940 .help = "File name of a base image"
941 },
942 {
943 .name = BLOCK_OPT_ENCRYPT,
944 .type = OPT_FLAG,
945 .help = "Encrypt the image"
946 },
947 { NULL }
948 };
949
950 static BlockDriver bdrv_qcow = {
951 .format_name = "qcow",
952 .instance_size = sizeof(BDRVQcowState),
953 .bdrv_probe = qcow_probe,
954 .bdrv_open = qcow_open,
955 .bdrv_close = qcow_close,
956 .bdrv_create = qcow_create,
957 .bdrv_flush = qcow_flush,
958 .bdrv_is_allocated = qcow_is_allocated,
959 .bdrv_set_key = qcow_set_key,
960 .bdrv_make_empty = qcow_make_empty,
961 .bdrv_aio_readv = qcow_aio_readv,
962 .bdrv_aio_writev = qcow_aio_writev,
963 .bdrv_aio_flush = qcow_aio_flush,
964 .bdrv_write_compressed = qcow_write_compressed,
965 .bdrv_get_info = qcow_get_info,
966
967 .create_options = qcow_create_options,
968 };
969
970 static void bdrv_qcow_init(void)
971 {
972 bdrv_register(&bdrv_qcow);
973 }
974
975 block_init(bdrv_qcow_init);
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