4 Copyright (c) 2014 Virtual Open Systems Sarl.
6 This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or later.
7 See the COPYING file in the top-level directory.
10 This protocol is aiming to complement the ioctl interface used to control the
11 vhost implementation in the Linux kernel. It implements the control plane needed
12 to establish virtqueue sharing with a user space process on the same host. It
13 uses communication over a Unix domain socket to share file descriptors in the
14 ancillary data of the message.
16 The protocol defines 2 sides of the communication, master and slave. Master is
17 the application that shares its virtqueues, in our case QEMU. Slave is the
18 consumer of the virtqueues.
20 In the current implementation QEMU is the Master, and the Slave is intended to
21 be a software Ethernet switch running in user space, such as Snabbswitch.
23 Master and slave can be either a client (i.e. connecting) or server (listening)
24 in the socket communication.
29 Note that all numbers are in the machine native byte order. A vhost-user message
30 consists of 3 header fields and a payload:
32 ------------------------------------
33 | request | flags | size | payload |
34 ------------------------------------
36 * Request: 32-bit type of the request
37 * Flags: 32-bit bit field:
38 - Lower 2 bits are the version (currently 0x01)
39 - Bit 2 is the reply flag - needs to be sent on each reply from the slave
40 - Bit 3 is the need_reply flag - see VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_REPLY_ACK for
42 * Size - 32-bit size of the payload
45 Depending on the request type, payload can be:
47 * A single 64-bit integer
52 u64: a 64-bit unsigned integer
54 * A vring state description
62 * A vring address description
63 --------------------------------------------------------------
64 | index | flags | size | descriptor | used | available | log |
65 --------------------------------------------------------------
67 Index: a 32-bit vring index
68 Flags: a 32-bit vring flags
69 Descriptor: a 64-bit ring address of the vring descriptor table
70 Used: a 64-bit ring address of the vring used ring
71 Available: a 64-bit ring address of the vring available ring
72 Log: a 64-bit guest address for logging
74 Note that a ring address is an IOVA if VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM has been
75 negotiated. Otherwise it is a user address.
77 * Memory regions description
78 ---------------------------------------------------
79 | num regions | padding | region0 | ... | region7 |
80 ---------------------------------------------------
82 Num regions: a 32-bit number of regions
86 -----------------------------------------------------
87 | guest address | size | user address | mmap offset |
88 -----------------------------------------------------
90 Guest address: a 64-bit guest address of the region
92 User address: a 64-bit user address
93 mmap offset: 64-bit offset where region starts in the mapped memory
96 ---------------------------
97 | log size | log offset |
98 ---------------------------
99 log size: size of area used for logging
100 log offset: offset from start of supplied file descriptor
101 where logging starts (i.e. where guest address 0 would be logged)
104 ---------------------------------------------------------
105 | iova | size | user address | permissions flags | type |
106 ---------------------------------------------------------
108 IOVA: a 64-bit I/O virtual address programmed by the guest
110 User address: a 64-bit user address
111 Permissions: an 8-bit value:
115 - 3: Read/Write access
116 Type: an 8-bit IOTLB message type:
119 - 3: IOTLB invalidate
120 - 4: IOTLB access fail
122 * Virtio device config space
123 -----------------------------------
124 | offset | size | flags | payload |
125 -----------------------------------
127 Offset: a 32-bit offset of virtio device's configuration space
128 Size: a 32-bit configuration space access size in bytes
129 Flags: a 32-bit value:
130 - 0: Vhost master messages used for writeable fields
131 - 1: Vhost master messages used for live migration
132 Payload: Size bytes array holding the contents of the virtio
133 device's configuration space
135 * Vring area description
136 -----------------------
137 | u64 | size | offset |
138 -----------------------
140 u64: a 64-bit integer contains vring index and flags
141 Size: a 64-bit size of this area
142 Offset: a 64-bit offset of this area from the start of the
143 supplied file descriptor
145 In QEMU the vhost-user message is implemented with the following struct:
147 typedef struct VhostUserMsg {
148 VhostUserRequest request;
153 struct vhost_vring_state state;
154 struct vhost_vring_addr addr;
155 VhostUserMemory memory;
157 struct vhost_iotlb_msg iotlb;
158 VhostUserConfig config;
159 VhostUserVringArea area;
161 } QEMU_PACKED VhostUserMsg;
166 The protocol for vhost-user is based on the existing implementation of vhost
167 for the Linux Kernel. Most messages that can be sent via the Unix domain socket
168 implementing vhost-user have an equivalent ioctl to the kernel implementation.
170 The communication consists of master sending message requests and slave sending
171 message replies. Most of the requests don't require replies. Here is a list of
174 * VHOST_USER_GET_FEATURES
175 * VHOST_USER_GET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES
176 * VHOST_USER_GET_VRING_BASE
177 * VHOST_USER_SET_LOG_BASE (if VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_LOG_SHMFD)
179 [ Also see the section on REPLY_ACK protocol extension. ]
181 There are several messages that the master sends with file descriptors passed
182 in the ancillary data:
184 * VHOST_USER_SET_MEM_TABLE
185 * VHOST_USER_SET_LOG_BASE (if VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_LOG_SHMFD)
186 * VHOST_USER_SET_LOG_FD
187 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_KICK
188 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_CALL
189 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_ERR
190 * VHOST_USER_SET_SLAVE_REQ_FD
192 If Master is unable to send the full message or receives a wrong reply it will
193 close the connection. An optional reconnection mechanism can be implemented.
195 Any protocol extensions are gated by protocol feature bits,
196 which allows full backwards compatibility on both master
198 As older slaves don't support negotiating protocol features,
199 a feature bit was dedicated for this purpose:
200 #define VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES 30
202 Starting and stopping rings
203 ----------------------
204 Client must only process each ring when it is started.
206 Client must only pass data between the ring and the
207 backend, when the ring is enabled.
209 If ring is started but disabled, client must process the
210 ring without talking to the backend.
212 For example, for a networking device, in the disabled state
213 client must not supply any new RX packets, but must process
214 and discard any TX packets.
216 If VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES has not been negotiated, the ring is initialized
219 If VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES has been negotiated, the ring is initialized
220 in a disabled state. Client must not pass data to/from the backend until ring is enabled by
221 VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_ENABLE with parameter 1, or after it has been disabled by
222 VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_ENABLE with parameter 0.
224 Each ring is initialized in a stopped state, client must not process it until
225 ring is started, or after it has been stopped.
227 Client must start ring upon receiving a kick (that is, detecting that file
228 descriptor is readable) on the descriptor specified by
229 VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_KICK, and stop ring upon receiving
230 VHOST_USER_GET_VRING_BASE.
232 While processing the rings (whether they are enabled or not), client must
233 support changing some configuration aspects on the fly.
235 Multiple queue support
236 ----------------------
238 Multiple queue is treated as a protocol extension, hence the slave has to
239 implement protocol features first. The multiple queues feature is supported
240 only when the protocol feature VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_MQ (bit 0) is set.
242 The max number of queue pairs the slave supports can be queried with message
243 VHOST_USER_GET_QUEUE_NUM. Master should stop when the number of
244 requested queues is bigger than that.
246 As all queues share one connection, the master uses a unique index for each
247 queue in the sent message to identify a specified queue. One queue pair
248 is enabled initially. More queues are enabled dynamically, by sending
249 message VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_ENABLE.
254 During live migration, the master may need to track the modifications
255 the slave makes to the memory mapped regions. The client should mark
256 the dirty pages in a log. Once it complies to this logging, it may
257 declare the VHOST_F_LOG_ALL vhost feature.
259 To start/stop logging of data/used ring writes, server may send messages
260 VHOST_USER_SET_FEATURES with VHOST_F_LOG_ALL and VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_ADDR with
261 VHOST_VRING_F_LOG in ring's flags set to 1/0, respectively.
263 All the modifications to memory pointed by vring "descriptor" should
264 be marked. Modifications to "used" vring should be marked if
265 VHOST_VRING_F_LOG is part of ring's flags.
267 Dirty pages are of size:
268 #define VHOST_LOG_PAGE 0x1000
270 The log memory fd is provided in the ancillary data of
271 VHOST_USER_SET_LOG_BASE message when the slave has
272 VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_LOG_SHMFD protocol feature.
274 The size of the log is supplied as part of VhostUserMsg
275 which should be large enough to cover all known guest
276 addresses. Log starts at the supplied offset in the
277 supplied file descriptor.
278 The log covers from address 0 to the maximum of guest
279 regions. In pseudo-code, to mark page at "addr" as dirty:
281 page = addr / VHOST_LOG_PAGE
282 log[page / 8] |= 1 << page % 8
284 Where addr is the guest physical address.
286 Use atomic operations, as the log may be concurrently manipulated.
288 Note that when logging modifications to the used ring (when VHOST_VRING_F_LOG
289 is set for this ring), log_guest_addr should be used to calculate the log
290 offset: the write to first byte of the used ring is logged at this offset from
291 log start. Also note that this value might be outside the legal guest physical
292 address range (i.e. does not have to be covered by the VhostUserMemory table),
293 but the bit offset of the last byte of the ring must fall within
294 the size supplied by VhostUserLog.
296 VHOST_USER_SET_LOG_FD is an optional message with an eventfd in
297 ancillary data, it may be used to inform the master that the log has
300 Once the source has finished migration, rings will be stopped by
301 the source. No further update must be done before rings are
304 In postcopy migration the slave is started before all the memory has been
305 received from the source host, and care must be taken to avoid accessing pages
306 that have yet to be received. The slave opens a 'userfault'-fd and registers
307 the memory with it; this fd is then passed back over to the master.
308 The master services requests on the userfaultfd for pages that are accessed
309 and when the page is available it performs WAKE ioctl's on the userfaultfd
310 to wake the stalled slave. The client indicates support for this via the
311 VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_PAGEFAULT feature.
316 The master sends a list of vhost memory regions to the slave using the
317 VHOST_USER_SET_MEM_TABLE message. Each region has two base addresses: a guest
318 address and a user address.
320 Messages contain guest addresses and/or user addresses to reference locations
321 within the shared memory. The mapping of these addresses works as follows.
323 User addresses map to the vhost memory region containing that user address.
325 When the VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM feature has not been negotiated:
327 * Guest addresses map to the vhost memory region containing that guest
330 When the VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM feature has been negotiated:
332 * Guest addresses are also called I/O virtual addresses (IOVAs). They are
333 translated to user addresses via the IOTLB.
335 * The vhost memory region guest address is not used.
340 When the VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM feature has been negotiated, the master
341 sends IOTLB entries update & invalidation by sending VHOST_USER_IOTLB_MSG
342 requests to the slave with a struct vhost_iotlb_msg as payload. For update
343 events, the iotlb payload has to be filled with the update message type (2),
344 the I/O virtual address, the size, the user virtual address, and the
345 permissions flags. Addresses and size must be within vhost memory regions set
346 via the VHOST_USER_SET_MEM_TABLE request. For invalidation events, the iotlb
347 payload has to be filled with the invalidation message type (3), the I/O virtual
348 address and the size. On success, the slave is expected to reply with a zero
349 payload, non-zero otherwise.
351 The slave relies on the slave communcation channel (see "Slave communication"
352 section below) to send IOTLB miss and access failure events, by sending
353 VHOST_USER_SLAVE_IOTLB_MSG requests to the master with a struct vhost_iotlb_msg
354 as payload. For miss events, the iotlb payload has to be filled with the miss
355 message type (1), the I/O virtual address and the permissions flags. For access
356 failure event, the iotlb payload has to be filled with the access failure
357 message type (4), the I/O virtual address and the permissions flags.
358 For synchronization purpose, the slave may rely on the reply-ack feature,
359 so the master may send a reply when operation is completed if the reply-ack
360 feature is negotiated and slaves requests a reply. For miss events, completed
361 operation means either master sent an update message containing the IOTLB entry
362 containing requested address and permission, or master sent nothing if the IOTLB
363 miss message is invalid (invalid IOVA or permission).
365 The master isn't expected to take the initiative to send IOTLB update messages,
366 as the slave sends IOTLB miss messages for the guest virtual memory areas it
372 An optional communication channel is provided if the slave declares
373 VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_SLAVE_REQ protocol feature, to allow the slave to make
374 requests to the master.
376 The fd is provided via VHOST_USER_SET_SLAVE_REQ_FD ancillary data.
378 A slave may then send VHOST_USER_SLAVE_* messages to the master
379 using this fd communication channel.
381 If VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_SLAVE_SEND_FD protocol feature is negotiated,
382 slave can send file descriptors (at most 8 descriptors in each message)
383 to master via ancillary data using this fd communication channel.
388 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_MQ 0
389 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_LOG_SHMFD 1
390 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_RARP 2
391 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_REPLY_ACK 3
392 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_MTU 4
393 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_SLAVE_REQ 5
394 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CROSS_ENDIAN 6
395 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CRYPTO_SESSION 7
396 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_PAGEFAULT 8
397 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CONFIG 9
398 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_SLAVE_SEND_FD 10
399 #define VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_HOST_NOTIFIER 11
404 * VHOST_USER_GET_FEATURES
407 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_GET_FEATURES
411 Get from the underlying vhost implementation the features bitmask.
412 Feature bit VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES signals slave support for
413 VHOST_USER_GET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES and VHOST_USER_SET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES.
415 * VHOST_USER_SET_FEATURES
418 Ioctl: VHOST_SET_FEATURES
421 Enable features in the underlying vhost implementation using a bitmask.
422 Feature bit VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES signals slave support for
423 VHOST_USER_GET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES and VHOST_USER_SET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES.
425 * VHOST_USER_GET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES
428 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_GET_FEATURES
432 Get the protocol feature bitmask from the underlying vhost implementation.
433 Only legal if feature bit VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES is present in
434 VHOST_USER_GET_FEATURES.
435 Note: slave that reported VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES must support
436 this message even before VHOST_USER_SET_FEATURES was called.
438 * VHOST_USER_SET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES
441 Ioctl: VHOST_SET_FEATURES
444 Enable protocol features in the underlying vhost implementation.
445 Only legal if feature bit VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES is present in
446 VHOST_USER_GET_FEATURES.
447 Note: slave that reported VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES must support
448 this message even before VHOST_USER_SET_FEATURES was called.
450 * VHOST_USER_SET_OWNER
453 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_OWNER
456 Issued when a new connection is established. It sets the current Master
457 as an owner of the session. This can be used on the Slave as a
458 "session start" flag.
460 * VHOST_USER_RESET_OWNER
465 This is no longer used. Used to be sent to request disabling
466 all rings, but some clients interpreted it to also discard
467 connection state (this interpretation would lead to bugs).
468 It is recommended that clients either ignore this message,
469 or use it to disable all rings.
471 * VHOST_USER_SET_MEM_TABLE
474 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_MEM_TABLE
475 Master payload: memory regions description
476 Slave payload: (postcopy only) memory regions description
478 Sets the memory map regions on the slave so it can translate the vring
479 addresses. In the ancillary data there is an array of file descriptors
480 for each memory mapped region. The size and ordering of the fds matches
481 the number and ordering of memory regions.
483 When VHOST_USER_POSTCOPY_LISTEN has been received, SET_MEM_TABLE replies with
484 the bases of the memory mapped regions to the master. The slave must
485 have mmap'd the regions but not yet accessed them and should not yet generate
486 a userfault event. Note NEED_REPLY_MASK is not set in this case.
487 QEMU will then reply back to the list of mappings with an empty
488 VHOST_USER_SET_MEM_TABLE as an acknowledgment; only upon reception of this
489 message may the guest start accessing the memory and generating faults.
491 * VHOST_USER_SET_LOG_BASE
494 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_LOG_BASE
498 Sets logging shared memory space.
499 When slave has VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_LOG_SHMFD protocol
500 feature, the log memory fd is provided in the ancillary data of
501 VHOST_USER_SET_LOG_BASE message, the size and offset of shared
502 memory area provided in the message.
505 * VHOST_USER_SET_LOG_FD
508 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_LOG_FD
511 Sets the logging file descriptor, which is passed as ancillary data.
513 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_NUM
516 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_VRING_NUM
517 Master payload: vring state description
519 Set the size of the queue.
521 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_ADDR
524 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_VRING_ADDR
525 Master payload: vring address description
528 Sets the addresses of the different aspects of the vring.
530 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_BASE
533 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_VRING_BASE
534 Master payload: vring state description
536 Sets the base offset in the available vring.
538 * VHOST_USER_GET_VRING_BASE
541 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_USER_GET_VRING_BASE
542 Master payload: vring state description
543 Slave payload: vring state description
545 Get the available vring base offset.
547 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_KICK
550 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_VRING_KICK
553 Set the event file descriptor for adding buffers to the vring. It
554 is passed in the ancillary data.
555 Bits (0-7) of the payload contain the vring index. Bit 8 is the
556 invalid FD flag. This flag is set when there is no file descriptor
557 in the ancillary data. This signals that polling should be used
558 instead of waiting for a kick.
560 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_CALL
563 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_VRING_CALL
566 Set the event file descriptor to signal when buffers are used. It
567 is passed in the ancillary data.
568 Bits (0-7) of the payload contain the vring index. Bit 8 is the
569 invalid FD flag. This flag is set when there is no file descriptor
570 in the ancillary data. This signals that polling will be used
571 instead of waiting for the call.
573 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_ERR
576 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_VRING_ERR
579 Set the event file descriptor to signal when error occurs. It
580 is passed in the ancillary data.
581 Bits (0-7) of the payload contain the vring index. Bit 8 is the
582 invalid FD flag. This flag is set when there is no file descriptor
583 in the ancillary data.
585 * VHOST_USER_GET_QUEUE_NUM
588 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
592 Query how many queues the backend supports. This request should be
593 sent only when VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_MQ is set in queried protocol
594 features by VHOST_USER_GET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES.
596 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_ENABLE
599 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
600 Master payload: vring state description
602 Signal slave to enable or disable corresponding vring.
603 This request should be sent only when VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES
606 * VHOST_USER_SEND_RARP
609 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
612 Ask vhost user backend to broadcast a fake RARP to notify the migration
613 is terminated for guest that does not support GUEST_ANNOUNCE.
614 Only legal if feature bit VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES is present in
615 VHOST_USER_GET_FEATURES and protocol feature bit VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_RARP
616 is present in VHOST_USER_GET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES.
617 The first 6 bytes of the payload contain the mac address of the guest to
618 allow the vhost user backend to construct and broadcast the fake RARP.
620 * VHOST_USER_NET_SET_MTU
623 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
626 Set host MTU value exposed to the guest.
627 This request should be sent only when VIRTIO_NET_F_MTU feature has been
628 successfully negotiated, VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES is present in
629 VHOST_USER_GET_FEATURES and protocol feature bit
630 VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_NET_MTU is present in
631 VHOST_USER_GET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES.
632 If VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_REPLY_ACK is negotiated, slave must respond
633 with zero in case the specified MTU is valid, or non-zero otherwise.
635 * VHOST_USER_SET_SLAVE_REQ_FD
638 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
641 Set the socket file descriptor for slave initiated requests. It is passed
642 in the ancillary data.
643 This request should be sent only when VHOST_USER_F_PROTOCOL_FEATURES
644 has been negotiated, and protocol feature bit VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_SLAVE_REQ
645 bit is present in VHOST_USER_GET_PROTOCOL_FEATURES.
646 If VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_REPLY_ACK is negotiated, slave must respond
647 with zero for success, non-zero otherwise.
649 * VHOST_USER_IOTLB_MSG
652 Equivalent ioctl: N/A (equivalent to VHOST_IOTLB_MSG message type)
653 Master payload: struct vhost_iotlb_msg
656 Send IOTLB messages with struct vhost_iotlb_msg as payload.
657 Master sends such requests to update and invalidate entries in the device
658 IOTLB. The slave has to acknowledge the request with sending zero as u64
659 payload for success, non-zero otherwise.
660 This request should be send only when VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM feature
661 has been successfully negotiated.
663 * VHOST_USER_SET_VRING_ENDIAN
666 Equivalent ioctl: VHOST_SET_VRING_ENDIAN
667 Master payload: vring state description
669 Set the endianness of a VQ for legacy devices. Little-endian is indicated
670 with state.num set to 0 and big-endian is indicated with state.num set
671 to 1. Other values are invalid.
672 This request should be sent only when VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CROSS_ENDIAN
674 Backends that negotiated this feature should handle both endiannesses
675 and expect this message once (per VQ) during device configuration
676 (ie. before the master starts the VQ).
678 * VHOST_USER_GET_CONFIG
681 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
682 Master payload: virtio device config space
683 Slave payload: virtio device config space
685 When VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CONFIG is negotiated, this message is
686 submitted by the vhost-user master to fetch the contents of the virtio
687 device configuration space, vhost-user slave's payload size MUST match
688 master's request, vhost-user slave uses zero length of payload to
689 indicate an error to vhost-user master. The vhost-user master may
690 cache the contents to avoid repeated VHOST_USER_GET_CONFIG calls.
692 * VHOST_USER_SET_CONFIG
695 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
696 Master payload: virtio device config space
699 When VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CONFIG is negotiated, this message is
700 submitted by the vhost-user master when the Guest changes the virtio
701 device configuration space and also can be used for live migration
702 on the destination host. The vhost-user slave must check the flags
703 field, and slaves MUST NOT accept SET_CONFIG for read-only
704 configuration space fields unless the live migration bit is set.
706 * VHOST_USER_CREATE_CRYPTO_SESSION
709 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
710 Master payload: crypto session description
711 Slave payload: crypto session description
713 Create a session for crypto operation. The server side must return the
714 session id, 0 or positive for success, negative for failure.
715 This request should be sent only when VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CRYPTO_SESSION
716 feature has been successfully negotiated.
717 It's a required feature for crypto devices.
719 * VHOST_USER_CLOSE_CRYPTO_SESSION
722 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
725 Close a session for crypto operation which was previously
726 created by VHOST_USER_CREATE_CRYPTO_SESSION.
727 This request should be sent only when VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CRYPTO_SESSION
728 feature has been successfully negotiated.
729 It's a required feature for crypto devices.
731 * VHOST_USER_POSTCOPY_ADVISE
734 Slave payload: userfault fd
736 When VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_PAGEFAULT is supported, the
737 master advises slave that a migration with postcopy enabled is underway,
738 the slave must open a userfaultfd for later use.
739 Note that at this stage the migration is still in precopy mode.
741 * VHOST_USER_POSTCOPY_LISTEN
745 Master advises slave that a transition to postcopy mode has happened.
746 The slave must ensure that shared memory is registered with userfaultfd
747 to cause faulting of non-present pages.
749 This is always sent sometime after a VHOST_USER_POSTCOPY_ADVISE, and
750 thus only when VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_PAGEFAULT is supported.
752 * VHOST_USER_POSTCOPY_END
756 Master advises that postcopy migration has now completed. The
757 slave must disable the userfaultfd. The response is an acknowledgement
759 When VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_PAGEFAULT is supported, this message
760 is sent at the end of the migration, after VHOST_USER_POSTCOPY_LISTEN
762 The value returned is an error indication; 0 is success.
767 * VHOST_USER_SLAVE_IOTLB_MSG
770 Equivalent ioctl: N/A (equivalent to VHOST_IOTLB_MSG message type)
771 Slave payload: struct vhost_iotlb_msg
774 Send IOTLB messages with struct vhost_iotlb_msg as payload.
775 Slave sends such requests to notify of an IOTLB miss, or an IOTLB
776 access failure. If VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_REPLY_ACK is negotiated,
777 and slave set the VHOST_USER_NEED_REPLY flag, master must respond with
778 zero when operation is successfully completed, or non-zero otherwise.
779 This request should be send only when VIRTIO_F_IOMMU_PLATFORM feature
780 has been successfully negotiated.
782 * VHOST_USER_SLAVE_CONFIG_CHANGE_MSG
785 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
789 When VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_CONFIG is negotiated, vhost-user slave sends
790 such messages to notify that the virtio device's configuration space has
791 changed, for those host devices which can support such feature, host
792 driver can send VHOST_USER_GET_CONFIG message to slave to get the latest
793 content. If VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_REPLY_ACK is negotiated, and slave set
794 the VHOST_USER_NEED_REPLY flag, master must respond with zero when
795 operation is successfully completed, or non-zero otherwise.
797 * VHOST_USER_SLAVE_VRING_HOST_NOTIFIER_MSG
800 Equivalent ioctl: N/A
801 Slave payload: vring area description
804 Sets host notifier for a specified queue. The queue index is contained
805 in the u64 field of the vring area description. The host notifier is
806 described by the file descriptor (typically it's a VFIO device fd) which
807 is passed as ancillary data and the size (which is mmap size and should
808 be the same as host page size) and offset (which is mmap offset) carried
809 in the vring area description. QEMU can mmap the file descriptor based
810 on the size and offset to get a memory range. Registering a host notifier
811 means mapping this memory range to the VM as the specified queue's notify
812 MMIO region. Slave sends this request to tell QEMU to de-register the
813 existing notifier if any and register the new notifier if the request is
814 sent with a file descriptor.
815 This request should be sent only when VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_HOST_NOTIFIER
816 protocol feature has been successfully negotiated.
818 VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_REPLY_ACK:
819 -------------------------------
820 The original vhost-user specification only demands replies for certain
821 commands. This differs from the vhost protocol implementation where commands
822 are sent over an ioctl() call and block until the client has completed.
824 With this protocol extension negotiated, the sender (QEMU) can set the
825 "need_reply" [Bit 3] flag to any command. This indicates that
826 the client MUST respond with a Payload VhostUserMsg indicating success or
827 failure. The payload should be set to zero on success or non-zero on failure,
828 unless the message already has an explicit reply body.
830 The response payload gives QEMU a deterministic indication of the result
831 of the command. Today, QEMU is expected to terminate the main vhost-user
832 loop upon receiving such errors. In future, qemu could be taught to be more
833 resilient for selective requests.
835 For the message types that already solicit a reply from the client, the
836 presence of VHOST_USER_PROTOCOL_F_REPLY_ACK or need_reply bit being set brings
837 no behavioural change. (See the 'Communication' section for details.)