block/vmdk.c

   1 /*
   2  * Block driver for the VMDK format
   3  *
   4  * Copyright (c) 2004 Fabrice Bellard
   5  * Copyright (c) 2005 Filip Navara
   6  *
   7  * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
   8  * of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
   9  * in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
  10  * to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
  11  * copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
  12  * furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
  13  *
  14  * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
  15  * all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
  16  *
  17  * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
  18  * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
  19  * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL
  20  * THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
  21  * LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
  22  * OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
  23  * THE SOFTWARE.
  24  */
  25
  26 #include "qemu-common.h"
  27 #include "block_int.h"
  28 #include "module.h"
  29 #include "migration.h"
  30 #include <zlib.h>
  31
  32 #define VMDK3_MAGIC (('C' << 24) | ('O' << 16) | ('W' << 8) | 'D')
  33 #define VMDK4_MAGIC (('K' << 24) | ('D' << 16) | ('M' << 8) | 'V')
  34 #define VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE 1
  35 #define VMDK4_FLAG_RGD (1 << 1)
  36 #define VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS (1 << 16)
  37 #define VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER (1 << 17)
  38 #define VMDK4_GD_AT_END 0xffffffffffffffffULL
  39
  40 typedef struct {
  41     uint32_t version;
  42     uint32_t flags;
  43     uint32_t disk_sectors;
  44     uint32_t granularity;
  45     uint32_t l1dir_offset;
  46     uint32_t l1dir_size;
  47     uint32_t file_sectors;
  48     uint32_t cylinders;
  49     uint32_t heads;
  50     uint32_t sectors_per_track;
  51 } VMDK3Header;
  52
  53 typedef struct {
  54     uint32_t version;
  55     uint32_t flags;
  56     int64_t capacity;
  57     int64_t granularity;
  58     int64_t desc_offset;
  59     int64_t desc_size;
  60     int32_t num_gtes_per_gte;
  61     int64_t rgd_offset;
  62     int64_t gd_offset;
  63     int64_t grain_offset;
  64     char filler[1];
  65     char check_bytes[4];
  66     uint16_t compressAlgorithm;
  67 } QEMU_PACKED VMDK4Header;
  68
  69 #define L2_CACHE_SIZE 16
  70
  71 typedef struct VmdkExtent {
  72     BlockDriverState *file;
  73     bool flat;
  74     bool compressed;
  75     bool has_marker;
  76     int64_t sectors;
  77     int64_t end_sector;
  78     int64_t flat_start_offset;
  79     int64_t l1_table_offset;
  80     int64_t l1_backup_table_offset;
  81     uint32_t *l1_table;
  82     uint32_t *l1_backup_table;
  83     unsigned int l1_size;
  84     uint32_t l1_entry_sectors;
  85
  86     unsigned int l2_size;
  87     uint32_t *l2_cache;
  88     uint32_t l2_cache_offsets[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
  89     uint32_t l2_cache_counts[L2_CACHE_SIZE];
  90
  91     unsigned int cluster_sectors;
  92 } VmdkExtent;
  93
  94 typedef struct BDRVVmdkState {
  95     CoMutex lock;
  96     int desc_offset;
  97     bool cid_updated;
  98     uint32_t parent_cid;
  99     int num_extents;
 100     /* Extent array with num_extents entries, ascend ordered by address */
 101     VmdkExtent *extents;
 102     Error *migration_blocker;
 103 } BDRVVmdkState;
 104
 105 typedef struct VmdkMetaData {
 106     uint32_t offset;
 107     unsigned int l1_index;
 108     unsigned int l2_index;
 109     unsigned int l2_offset;
 110     int valid;
 111 } VmdkMetaData;
 112
 113 typedef struct VmdkGrainMarker {
 114     uint64_t lba;
 115     uint32_t size;
 116     uint8_t  data[0];
 117 } VmdkGrainMarker;
 118
 119 enum {
 120     MARKER_END_OF_STREAM    = 0,
 121     MARKER_GRAIN_TABLE      = 1,
 122     MARKER_GRAIN_DIRECTORY  = 2,
 123     MARKER_FOOTER           = 3,
 124 };
 125
 126 static int vmdk_probe(const uint8_t *buf, int buf_size, const char *filename)
 127 {
 128     uint32_t magic;
 129
 130     if (buf_size < 4) {
 131         return 0;
 132     }
 133     magic = be32_to_cpu(*(uint32_t *)buf);
 134     if (magic == VMDK3_MAGIC ||
 135         magic == VMDK4_MAGIC) {
 136         return 100;
 137     } else {
 138         const char *p = (const char *)buf;
 139         const char *end = p + buf_size;
 140         while (p < end) {
 141             if (*p == '#') {
 142                 /* skip comment line */
 143                 while (p < end && *p != '\n') {
 144                     p++;
 145                 }
 146                 p++;
 147                 continue;
 148             }
 149             if (*p == ' ') {
 150                 while (p < end && *p == ' ') {
 151                     p++;
 152                 }
 153                 /* skip '\r' if windows line endings used. */
 154                 if (p < end && *p == '\r') {
 155                     p++;
 156                 }
 157                 /* only accept blank lines before 'version=' line */
 158                 if (p == end || *p != '\n') {
 159                     return 0;
 160                 }
 161                 p++;
 162                 continue;
 163             }
 164             if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\n")) {
 165                 if (strncmp("version=1\n", p, strlen("version=1\n")) == 0 ||
 166                     strncmp("version=2\n", p, strlen("version=2\n")) == 0) {
 167                     return 100;
 168                 }
 169             }
 170             if (end - p >= strlen("version=X\r\n")) {
 171                 if (strncmp("version=1\r\n", p, strlen("version=1\r\n")) == 0 ||
 172                     strncmp("version=2\r\n", p, strlen("version=2\r\n")) == 0) {
 173                     return 100;
 174                 }
 175             }
 176             return 0;
 177         }
 178         return 0;
 179     }
 180 }
 181
 182 #define CHECK_CID 1
 183
 184 #define SECTOR_SIZE 512
 185 #define DESC_SIZE (20 * SECTOR_SIZE)    /* 20 sectors of 512 bytes each */
 186 #define BUF_SIZE 4096
 187 #define HEADER_SIZE 512                 /* first sector of 512 bytes */
 188
 189 static void vmdk_free_extents(BlockDriverState *bs)
 190 {
 191     int i;
 192     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 193     VmdkExtent *e;
 194
 195     for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
 196         e = &s->extents[i];
 197         g_free(e->l1_table);
 198         g_free(e->l2_cache);
 199         g_free(e->l1_backup_table);
 200         if (e->file != bs->file) {
 201             bdrv_delete(e->file);
 202         }
 203     }
 204     g_free(s->extents);
 205 }
 206
 207 static void vmdk_free_last_extent(BlockDriverState *bs)
 208 {
 209     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 210
 211     if (s->num_extents == 0) {
 212         return;
 213     }
 214     s->num_extents--;
 215     s->extents = g_realloc(s->extents, s->num_extents * sizeof(VmdkExtent));
 216 }
 217
 218 static uint32_t vmdk_read_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, int parent)
 219 {
 220     char desc[DESC_SIZE];
 221     uint32_t cid = 0xffffffff;
 222     const char *p_name, *cid_str;
 223     size_t cid_str_size;
 224     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 225     int ret;
 226
 227     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
 228     if (ret < 0) {
 229         return 0;
 230     }
 231
 232     if (parent) {
 233         cid_str = "parentCID";
 234         cid_str_size = sizeof("parentCID");
 235     } else {
 236         cid_str = "CID";
 237         cid_str_size = sizeof("CID");
 238     }
 239
 240     desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
 241     p_name = strstr(desc, cid_str);
 242     if (p_name != NULL) {
 243         p_name += cid_str_size;
 244         sscanf(p_name, "%x", &cid);
 245     }
 246
 247     return cid;
 248 }
 249
 250 static int vmdk_write_cid(BlockDriverState *bs, uint32_t cid)
 251 {
 252     char desc[DESC_SIZE], tmp_desc[DESC_SIZE];
 253     char *p_name, *tmp_str;
 254     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 255     int ret;
 256
 257     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
 258     if (ret < 0) {
 259         return ret;
 260     }
 261
 262     desc[DESC_SIZE - 1] = '\0';
 263     tmp_str = strstr(desc, "parentCID");
 264     if (tmp_str == NULL) {
 265         return -EINVAL;
 266     }
 267
 268     pstrcpy(tmp_desc, sizeof(tmp_desc), tmp_str);
 269     p_name = strstr(desc, "CID");
 270     if (p_name != NULL) {
 271         p_name += sizeof("CID");
 272         snprintf(p_name, sizeof(desc) - (p_name - desc), "%x\n", cid);
 273         pstrcat(desc, sizeof(desc), tmp_desc);
 274     }
 275
 276     ret = bdrv_pwrite_sync(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
 277     if (ret < 0) {
 278         return ret;
 279     }
 280
 281     return 0;
 282 }
 283
 284 static int vmdk_is_cid_valid(BlockDriverState *bs)
 285 {
 286 #ifdef CHECK_CID
 287     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 288     BlockDriverState *p_bs = bs->backing_hd;
 289     uint32_t cur_pcid;
 290
 291     if (p_bs) {
 292         cur_pcid = vmdk_read_cid(p_bs, 0);
 293         if (s->parent_cid != cur_pcid) {
 294             /* CID not valid */
 295             return 0;
 296         }
 297     }
 298 #endif
 299     /* CID valid */
 300     return 1;
 301 }
 302
 303 /* Queue extents, if any, for reopen() */
 304 static int vmdk_reopen_prepare(BDRVReopenState *state,
 305                                BlockReopenQueue *queue, Error **errp)
 306 {
 307     BDRVVmdkState *s;
 308     int ret = -1;
 309     int i;
 310     VmdkExtent *e;
 311
 312     assert(state != NULL);
 313     assert(state->bs != NULL);
 314
 315     if (queue == NULL) {
 316         error_set(errp, ERROR_CLASS_GENERIC_ERROR,
 317                  "No reopen queue for VMDK extents");
 318         goto exit;
 319     }
 320
 321     s = state->bs->opaque;
 322
 323     assert(s != NULL);
 324
 325     for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
 326         e = &s->extents[i];
 327         if (e->file != state->bs->file) {
 328             bdrv_reopen_queue(queue, e->file, state->flags);
 329         }
 330     }
 331     ret = 0;
 332
 333 exit:
 334     return ret;
 335 }
 336
 337 static int vmdk_parent_open(BlockDriverState *bs)
 338 {
 339     char *p_name;
 340     char desc[DESC_SIZE + 1];
 341     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 342     int ret;
 343
 344     desc[DESC_SIZE] = '\0';
 345     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, s->desc_offset, desc, DESC_SIZE);
 346     if (ret < 0) {
 347         return ret;
 348     }
 349
 350     p_name = strstr(desc, "parentFileNameHint");
 351     if (p_name != NULL) {
 352         char *end_name;
 353
 354         p_name += sizeof("parentFileNameHint") + 1;
 355         end_name = strchr(p_name, '\"');
 356         if (end_name == NULL) {
 357             return -EINVAL;
 358         }
 359         if ((end_name - p_name) > sizeof(bs->backing_file) - 1) {
 360             return -EINVAL;
 361         }
 362
 363         pstrcpy(bs->backing_file, end_name - p_name + 1, p_name);
 364     }
 365
 366     return 0;
 367 }
 368
 369 /* Create and append extent to the extent array. Return the added VmdkExtent
 370  * address. return NULL if allocation failed. */
 371 static VmdkExtent *vmdk_add_extent(BlockDriverState *bs,
 372                            BlockDriverState *file, bool flat, int64_t sectors,
 373                            int64_t l1_offset, int64_t l1_backup_offset,
 374                            uint32_t l1_size,
 375                            int l2_size, unsigned int cluster_sectors)
 376 {
 377     VmdkExtent *extent;
 378     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 379
 380     s->extents = g_realloc(s->extents,
 381                               (s->num_extents + 1) * sizeof(VmdkExtent));
 382     extent = &s->extents[s->num_extents];
 383     s->num_extents++;
 384
 385     memset(extent, 0, sizeof(VmdkExtent));
 386     extent->file = file;
 387     extent->flat = flat;
 388     extent->sectors = sectors;
 389     extent->l1_table_offset = l1_offset;
 390     extent->l1_backup_table_offset = l1_backup_offset;
 391     extent->l1_size = l1_size;
 392     extent->l1_entry_sectors = l2_size * cluster_sectors;
 393     extent->l2_size = l2_size;
 394     extent->cluster_sectors = cluster_sectors;
 395
 396     if (s->num_extents > 1) {
 397         extent->end_sector = (*(extent - 1)).end_sector + extent->sectors;
 398     } else {
 399         extent->end_sector = extent->sectors;
 400     }
 401     bs->total_sectors = extent->end_sector;
 402     return extent;
 403 }
 404
 405 static int vmdk_init_tables(BlockDriverState *bs, VmdkExtent *extent)
 406 {
 407     int ret;
 408     int l1_size, i;
 409
 410     /* read the L1 table */
 411     l1_size = extent->l1_size * sizeof(uint32_t);
 412     extent->l1_table = g_malloc(l1_size);
 413     ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
 414                     extent->l1_table_offset,
 415                     extent->l1_table,
 416                     l1_size);
 417     if (ret < 0) {
 418         goto fail_l1;
 419     }
 420     for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
 421         le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_table[i]);
 422     }
 423
 424     if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset) {
 425         extent->l1_backup_table = g_malloc(l1_size);
 426         ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
 427                         extent->l1_backup_table_offset,
 428                         extent->l1_backup_table,
 429                         l1_size);
 430         if (ret < 0) {
 431             goto fail_l1b;
 432         }
 433         for (i = 0; i < extent->l1_size; i++) {
 434             le32_to_cpus(&extent->l1_backup_table[i]);
 435         }
 436     }
 437
 438     extent->l2_cache =
 439         g_malloc(extent->l2_size * L2_CACHE_SIZE * sizeof(uint32_t));
 440     return 0;
 441  fail_l1b:
 442     g_free(extent->l1_backup_table);
 443  fail_l1:
 444     g_free(extent->l1_table);
 445     return ret;
 446 }
 447
 448 static int vmdk_open_vmdk3(BlockDriverState *bs,
 449                            BlockDriverState *file,
 450                            int flags)
 451 {
 452     int ret;
 453     uint32_t magic;
 454     VMDK3Header header;
 455     VmdkExtent *extent;
 456
 457     ret = bdrv_pread(file, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
 458     if (ret < 0) {
 459         return ret;
 460     }
 461     extent = vmdk_add_extent(bs,
 462                              bs->file, false,
 463                              le32_to_cpu(header.disk_sectors),
 464                              le32_to_cpu(header.l1dir_offset) << 9,
 465                              0, 1 << 6, 1 << 9,
 466                              le32_to_cpu(header.granularity));
 467     ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent);
 468     if (ret) {
 469         /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
 470         vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
 471     }
 472     return ret;
 473 }
 474
 475 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags,
 476                                int64_t desc_offset);
 477
 478 static int vmdk_open_vmdk4(BlockDriverState *bs,
 479                            BlockDriverState *file,
 480                            int flags)
 481 {
 482     int ret;
 483     uint32_t magic;
 484     uint32_t l1_size, l1_entry_sectors;
 485     VMDK4Header header;
 486     VmdkExtent *extent;
 487     int64_t l1_backup_offset = 0;
 488
 489     ret = bdrv_pread(file, sizeof(magic), &header, sizeof(header));
 490     if (ret < 0) {
 491         return ret;
 492     }
 493     if (header.capacity == 0 && header.desc_offset) {
 494         return vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, header.desc_offset << 9);
 495     }
 496
 497     if (le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) == VMDK4_GD_AT_END) {
 498         /*
 499          * The footer takes precedence over the header, so read it in. The
 500          * footer starts at offset -1024 from the end: One sector for the
 501          * footer, and another one for the end-of-stream marker.
 502          */
 503         struct {
 504             struct {
 505                 uint64_t val;
 506                 uint32_t size;
 507                 uint32_t type;
 508                 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
 509             } QEMU_PACKED footer_marker;
 510
 511             uint32_t magic;
 512             VMDK4Header header;
 513             uint8_t pad[512 - 4 - sizeof(VMDK4Header)];
 514
 515             struct {
 516                 uint64_t val;
 517                 uint32_t size;
 518                 uint32_t type;
 519                 uint8_t pad[512 - 16];
 520             } QEMU_PACKED eos_marker;
 521         } QEMU_PACKED footer;
 522
 523         ret = bdrv_pread(file,
 524             bs->file->total_sectors * 512 - 1536,
 525             &footer, sizeof(footer));
 526         if (ret < 0) {
 527             return ret;
 528         }
 529
 530         /* Some sanity checks for the footer */
 531         if (be32_to_cpu(footer.magic) != VMDK4_MAGIC ||
 532             le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.size) != 0  ||
 533             le32_to_cpu(footer.footer_marker.type) != MARKER_FOOTER ||
 534             le64_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.val) != 0  ||
 535             le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.size) != 0  ||
 536             le32_to_cpu(footer.eos_marker.type) != MARKER_END_OF_STREAM)
 537         {
 538             return -EINVAL;
 539         }
 540
 541         header = footer.header;
 542     }
 543
 544     l1_entry_sectors = le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gte)
 545                         * le64_to_cpu(header.granularity);
 546     if (l1_entry_sectors == 0) {
 547         return -EINVAL;
 548     }
 549     l1_size = (le64_to_cpu(header.capacity) + l1_entry_sectors - 1)
 550                 / l1_entry_sectors;
 551     if (le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_RGD) {
 552         l1_backup_offset = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) << 9;
 553     }
 554     extent = vmdk_add_extent(bs, file, false,
 555                           le64_to_cpu(header.capacity),
 556                           le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) << 9,
 557                           l1_backup_offset,
 558                           l1_size,
 559                           le32_to_cpu(header.num_gtes_per_gte),
 560                           le64_to_cpu(header.granularity));
 561     extent->compressed =
 562         le16_to_cpu(header.compressAlgorithm) == VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE;
 563     extent->has_marker = le32_to_cpu(header.flags) & VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER;
 564     ret = vmdk_init_tables(bs, extent);
 565     if (ret) {
 566         /* free extent allocated by vmdk_add_extent */
 567         vmdk_free_last_extent(bs);
 568     }
 569     return ret;
 570 }
 571
 572 /* find an option value out of descriptor file */
 573 static int vmdk_parse_description(const char *desc, const char *opt_name,
 574         char *buf, int buf_size)
 575 {
 576     char *opt_pos, *opt_end;
 577     const char *end = desc + strlen(desc);
 578
 579     opt_pos = strstr(desc, opt_name);
 580     if (!opt_pos) {
 581         return -1;
 582     }
 583     /* Skip "=\"" following opt_name */
 584     opt_pos += strlen(opt_name) + 2;
 585     if (opt_pos >= end) {
 586         return -1;
 587     }
 588     opt_end = opt_pos;
 589     while (opt_end < end && *opt_end != '"') {
 590         opt_end++;
 591     }
 592     if (opt_end == end || buf_size < opt_end - opt_pos + 1) {
 593         return -1;
 594     }
 595     pstrcpy(buf, opt_end - opt_pos + 1, opt_pos);
 596     return 0;
 597 }
 598
 599 /* Open an extent file and append to bs array */
 600 static int vmdk_open_sparse(BlockDriverState *bs,
 601                             BlockDriverState *file,
 602                             int flags)
 603 {
 604     uint32_t magic;
 605
 606     if (bdrv_pread(file, 0, &magic, sizeof(magic)) != sizeof(magic)) {
 607         return -EIO;
 608     }
 609
 610     magic = be32_to_cpu(magic);
 611     switch (magic) {
 612         case VMDK3_MAGIC:
 613             return vmdk_open_vmdk3(bs, file, flags);
 614             break;
 615         case VMDK4_MAGIC:
 616             return vmdk_open_vmdk4(bs, file, flags);
 617             break;
 618         default:
 619             return -EINVAL;
 620             break;
 621     }
 622 }
 623
 624 static int vmdk_parse_extents(const char *desc, BlockDriverState *bs,
 625         const char *desc_file_path)
 626 {
 627     int ret;
 628     char access[11];
 629     char type[11];
 630     char fname[512];
 631     const char *p = desc;
 632     int64_t sectors = 0;
 633     int64_t flat_offset;
 634     char extent_path[PATH_MAX];
 635     BlockDriverState *extent_file;
 636
 637     while (*p) {
 638         /* parse extent line:
 639          * RW [size in sectors] FLAT "file-name.vmdk" OFFSET
 640          * or
 641          * RW [size in sectors] SPARSE "file-name.vmdk"
 642          */
 643         flat_offset = -1;
 644         ret = sscanf(p, "%10s %" SCNd64 " %10s %511s %" SCNd64,
 645                 access, &sectors, type, fname, &flat_offset);
 646         if (ret < 4 || strcmp(access, "RW")) {
 647             goto next_line;
 648         } else if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT")) {
 649             if (ret != 5 || flat_offset < 0) {
 650                 return -EINVAL;
 651             }
 652         } else if (ret != 4) {
 653             return -EINVAL;
 654         }
 655
 656         /* trim the quotation marks around */
 657         if (fname[0] == '"') {
 658             memmove(fname, fname + 1, strlen(fname));
 659             if (strlen(fname) <= 1 || fname[strlen(fname) - 1] != '"') {
 660                 return -EINVAL;
 661             }
 662             fname[strlen(fname) - 1] = '\0';
 663         }
 664         if (sectors <= 0 ||
 665             (strcmp(type, "FLAT") && strcmp(type, "SPARSE")) ||
 666             (strcmp(access, "RW"))) {
 667             goto next_line;
 668         }
 669
 670         path_combine(extent_path, sizeof(extent_path),
 671                 desc_file_path, fname);
 672         ret = bdrv_file_open(&extent_file, extent_path, bs->open_flags);
 673         if (ret) {
 674             return ret;
 675         }
 676
 677         /* save to extents array */
 678         if (!strcmp(type, "FLAT")) {
 679             /* FLAT extent */
 680             VmdkExtent *extent;
 681
 682             extent = vmdk_add_extent(bs, extent_file, true, sectors,
 683                             0, 0, 0, 0, sectors);
 684             extent->flat_start_offset = flat_offset << 9;
 685         } else if (!strcmp(type, "SPARSE")) {
 686             /* SPARSE extent */
 687             ret = vmdk_open_sparse(bs, extent_file, bs->open_flags);
 688             if (ret) {
 689                 bdrv_delete(extent_file);
 690                 return ret;
 691             }
 692         } else {
 693             fprintf(stderr,
 694                 "VMDK: Not supported extent type \"%s\""".\n", type);
 695             return -ENOTSUP;
 696         }
 697 next_line:
 698         /* move to next line */
 699         while (*p && *p != '\n') {
 700             p++;
 701         }
 702         p++;
 703     }
 704     return 0;
 705 }
 706
 707 static int vmdk_open_desc_file(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags,
 708                                int64_t desc_offset)
 709 {
 710     int ret;
 711     char buf[2048];
 712     char ct[128];
 713     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 714
 715     ret = bdrv_pread(bs->file, desc_offset, buf, sizeof(buf));
 716     if (ret < 0) {
 717         return ret;
 718     }
 719     buf[2047] = '\0';
 720     if (vmdk_parse_description(buf, "createType", ct, sizeof(ct))) {
 721         return -EINVAL;
 722     }
 723     if (strcmp(ct, "monolithicFlat") &&
 724         strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
 725         strcmp(ct, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat")) {
 726         fprintf(stderr,
 727                 "VMDK: Not supported image type \"%s\""".\n", ct);
 728         return -ENOTSUP;
 729     }
 730     s->desc_offset = 0;
 731     return vmdk_parse_extents(buf, bs, bs->file->filename);
 732 }
 733
 734 static int vmdk_open(BlockDriverState *bs, int flags)
 735 {
 736     int ret;
 737     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 738
 739     if (vmdk_open_sparse(bs, bs->file, flags) == 0) {
 740         s->desc_offset = 0x200;
 741     } else {
 742         ret = vmdk_open_desc_file(bs, flags, 0);
 743         if (ret) {
 744             goto fail;
 745         }
 746     }
 747     /* try to open parent images, if exist */
 748     ret = vmdk_parent_open(bs);
 749     if (ret) {
 750         goto fail;
 751     }
 752     s->parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 1);
 753     qemu_co_mutex_init(&s->lock);
 754
 755     /* Disable migration when VMDK images are used */
 756     error_set(&s->migration_blocker,
 757               QERR_BLOCK_FORMAT_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED,
 758               "vmdk", bs->device_name, "live migration");
 759     migrate_add_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
 760
 761     return 0;
 762
 763 fail:
 764     vmdk_free_extents(bs);
 765     return ret;
 766 }
 767
 768 static int get_whole_cluster(BlockDriverState *bs,
 769                 VmdkExtent *extent,
 770                 uint64_t cluster_offset,
 771                 uint64_t offset,
 772                 bool allocate)
 773 {
 774     /* 128 sectors * 512 bytes each = grain size 64KB */
 775     uint8_t  whole_grain[extent->cluster_sectors * 512];
 776
 777     /* we will be here if it's first write on non-exist grain(cluster).
 778      * try to read from parent image, if exist */
 779     if (bs->backing_hd) {
 780         int ret;
 781
 782         if (!vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
 783             return -1;
 784         }
 785
 786         /* floor offset to cluster */
 787         offset -= offset % (extent->cluster_sectors * 512);
 788         ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing_hd, offset >> 9, whole_grain,
 789                 extent->cluster_sectors);
 790         if (ret < 0) {
 791             return -1;
 792         }
 793
 794         /* Write grain only into the active image */
 795         ret = bdrv_write(extent->file, cluster_offset, whole_grain,
 796                 extent->cluster_sectors);
 797         if (ret < 0) {
 798             return -1;
 799         }
 800     }
 801     return 0;
 802 }
 803
 804 static int vmdk_L2update(VmdkExtent *extent, VmdkMetaData *m_data)
 805 {
 806     /* update L2 table */
 807     if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
 808                 extent->file,
 809                 ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
 810                     + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(m_data->offset)),
 811                 &(m_data->offset),
 812                 sizeof(m_data->offset)
 813             ) < 0) {
 814         return -1;
 815     }
 816     /* update backup L2 table */
 817     if (extent->l1_backup_table_offset != 0) {
 818         m_data->l2_offset = extent->l1_backup_table[m_data->l1_index];
 819         if (bdrv_pwrite_sync(
 820                     extent->file,
 821                     ((int64_t)m_data->l2_offset * 512)
 822                         + (m_data->l2_index * sizeof(m_data->offset)),
 823                     &(m_data->offset), sizeof(m_data->offset)
 824                 ) < 0) {
 825             return -1;
 826         }
 827     }
 828
 829     return 0;
 830 }
 831
 832 static int get_cluster_offset(BlockDriverState *bs,
 833                                     VmdkExtent *extent,
 834                                     VmdkMetaData *m_data,
 835                                     uint64_t offset,
 836                                     int allocate,
 837                                     uint64_t *cluster_offset)
 838 {
 839     unsigned int l1_index, l2_offset, l2_index;
 840     int min_index, i, j;
 841     uint32_t min_count, *l2_table, tmp = 0;
 842
 843     if (m_data) {
 844         m_data->valid = 0;
 845     }
 846     if (extent->flat) {
 847         *cluster_offset = extent->flat_start_offset;
 848         return 0;
 849     }
 850
 851     offset -= (extent->end_sector - extent->sectors) * SECTOR_SIZE;
 852     l1_index = (offset >> 9) / extent->l1_entry_sectors;
 853     if (l1_index >= extent->l1_size) {
 854         return -1;
 855     }
 856     l2_offset = extent->l1_table[l1_index];
 857     if (!l2_offset) {
 858         return -1;
 859     }
 860     for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
 861         if (l2_offset == extent->l2_cache_offsets[i]) {
 862             /* increment the hit count */
 863             if (++extent->l2_cache_counts[i] == 0xffffffff) {
 864                 for (j = 0; j < L2_CACHE_SIZE; j++) {
 865                     extent->l2_cache_counts[j] >>= 1;
 866                 }
 867             }
 868             l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (i * extent->l2_size);
 869             goto found;
 870         }
 871     }
 872     /* not found: load a new entry in the least used one */
 873     min_index = 0;
 874     min_count = 0xffffffff;
 875     for (i = 0; i < L2_CACHE_SIZE; i++) {
 876         if (extent->l2_cache_counts[i] < min_count) {
 877             min_count = extent->l2_cache_counts[i];
 878             min_index = i;
 879         }
 880     }
 881     l2_table = extent->l2_cache + (min_index * extent->l2_size);
 882     if (bdrv_pread(
 883                 extent->file,
 884                 (int64_t)l2_offset * 512,
 885                 l2_table,
 886                 extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)
 887             ) != extent->l2_size * sizeof(uint32_t)) {
 888         return -1;
 889     }
 890
 891     extent->l2_cache_offsets[min_index] = l2_offset;
 892     extent->l2_cache_counts[min_index] = 1;
 893  found:
 894     l2_index = ((offset >> 9) / extent->cluster_sectors) % extent->l2_size;
 895     *cluster_offset = le32_to_cpu(l2_table[l2_index]);
 896
 897     if (!*cluster_offset) {
 898         if (!allocate) {
 899             return -1;
 900         }
 901
 902         /* Avoid the L2 tables update for the images that have snapshots. */
 903         *cluster_offset = bdrv_getlength(extent->file);
 904         if (!extent->compressed) {
 905             bdrv_truncate(
 906                 extent->file,
 907                 *cluster_offset + (extent->cluster_sectors << 9)
 908             );
 909         }
 910
 911         *cluster_offset >>= 9;
 912         tmp = cpu_to_le32(*cluster_offset);
 913         l2_table[l2_index] = tmp;
 914
 915         /* First of all we write grain itself, to avoid race condition
 916          * that may to corrupt the image.
 917          * This problem may occur because of insufficient space on host disk
 918          * or inappropriate VM shutdown.
 919          */
 920         if (get_whole_cluster(
 921                 bs, extent, *cluster_offset, offset, allocate) == -1) {
 922             return -1;
 923         }
 924
 925         if (m_data) {
 926             m_data->offset = tmp;
 927             m_data->l1_index = l1_index;
 928             m_data->l2_index = l2_index;
 929             m_data->l2_offset = l2_offset;
 930             m_data->valid = 1;
 931         }
 932     }
 933     *cluster_offset <<= 9;
 934     return 0;
 935 }
 936
 937 static VmdkExtent *find_extent(BDRVVmdkState *s,
 938                                 int64_t sector_num, VmdkExtent *start_hint)
 939 {
 940     VmdkExtent *extent = start_hint;
 941
 942     if (!extent) {
 943         extent = &s->extents[0];
 944     }
 945     while (extent < &s->extents[s->num_extents]) {
 946         if (sector_num < extent->end_sector) {
 947             return extent;
 948         }
 949         extent++;
 950     }
 951     return NULL;
 952 }
 953
 954 static int coroutine_fn vmdk_co_is_allocated(BlockDriverState *bs,
 955         int64_t sector_num, int nb_sectors, int *pnum)
 956 {
 957     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
 958     int64_t index_in_cluster, n, ret;
 959     uint64_t offset;
 960     VmdkExtent *extent;
 961
 962     extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, NULL);
 963     if (!extent) {
 964         return 0;
 965     }
 966     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
 967     ret = get_cluster_offset(bs, extent, NULL,
 968                             sector_num * 512, 0, &offset);
 969     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
 970     /* get_cluster_offset returning 0 means success */
 971     ret = !ret;
 972
 973     index_in_cluster = sector_num % extent->cluster_sectors;
 974     n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
 975     if (n > nb_sectors) {
 976         n = nb_sectors;
 977     }
 978     *pnum = n;
 979     return ret;
 980 }
 981
 982 static int vmdk_write_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
 983                             int64_t offset_in_cluster, const uint8_t *buf,
 984                             int nb_sectors, int64_t sector_num)
 985 {
 986     int ret;
 987     VmdkGrainMarker *data = NULL;
 988     uLongf buf_len;
 989     const uint8_t *write_buf = buf;
 990     int write_len = nb_sectors * 512;
 991
 992     if (extent->compressed) {
 993         if (!extent->has_marker) {
 994             ret = -EINVAL;
 995             goto out;
 996         }
 997         buf_len = (extent->cluster_sectors << 9) * 2;
 998         data = g_malloc(buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker));
 999         if (compress(data->data, &buf_len, buf, nb_sectors << 9) != Z_OK ||
1000                 buf_len == 0) {
1001             ret = -EINVAL;
1002             goto out;
1003         }
1004         data->lba = sector_num;
1005         data->size = buf_len;
1006         write_buf = (uint8_t *)data;
1007         write_len = buf_len + sizeof(VmdkGrainMarker);
1008     }
1009     ret = bdrv_pwrite(extent->file,
1010                         cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1011                         write_buf,
1012                         write_len);
1013     if (ret != write_len) {
1014         ret = ret < 0 ? ret : -EIO;
1015         goto out;
1016     }
1017     ret = 0;
1018  out:
1019     g_free(data);
1020     return ret;
1021 }
1022
1023 static int vmdk_read_extent(VmdkExtent *extent, int64_t cluster_offset,
1024                             int64_t offset_in_cluster, uint8_t *buf,
1025                             int nb_sectors)
1026 {
1027     int ret;
1028     int cluster_bytes, buf_bytes;
1029     uint8_t *cluster_buf, *compressed_data;
1030     uint8_t *uncomp_buf;
1031     uint32_t data_len;
1032     VmdkGrainMarker *marker;
1033     uLongf buf_len;
1034
1035
1036     if (!extent->compressed) {
1037         ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
1038                           cluster_offset + offset_in_cluster,
1039                           buf, nb_sectors * 512);
1040         if (ret == nb_sectors * 512) {
1041             return 0;
1042         } else {
1043             return -EIO;
1044         }
1045     }
1046     cluster_bytes = extent->cluster_sectors * 512;
1047     /* Read two clusters in case GrainMarker + compressed data > one cluster */
1048     buf_bytes = cluster_bytes * 2;
1049     cluster_buf = g_malloc(buf_bytes);
1050     uncomp_buf = g_malloc(cluster_bytes);
1051     ret = bdrv_pread(extent->file,
1052                 cluster_offset,
1053                 cluster_buf, buf_bytes);
1054     if (ret < 0) {
1055         goto out;
1056     }
1057     compressed_data = cluster_buf;
1058     buf_len = cluster_bytes;
1059     data_len = cluster_bytes;
1060     if (extent->has_marker) {
1061         marker = (VmdkGrainMarker *)cluster_buf;
1062         compressed_data = marker->data;
1063         data_len = le32_to_cpu(marker->size);
1064     }
1065     if (!data_len || data_len > buf_bytes) {
1066         ret = -EINVAL;
1067         goto out;
1068     }
1069     ret = uncompress(uncomp_buf, &buf_len, compressed_data, data_len);
1070     if (ret != Z_OK) {
1071         ret = -EINVAL;
1072         goto out;
1073
1074     }
1075     if (offset_in_cluster < 0 ||
1076             offset_in_cluster + nb_sectors * 512 > buf_len) {
1077         ret = -EINVAL;
1078         goto out;
1079     }
1080     memcpy(buf, uncomp_buf + offset_in_cluster, nb_sectors * 512);
1081     ret = 0;
1082
1083  out:
1084     g_free(uncomp_buf);
1085     g_free(cluster_buf);
1086     return ret;
1087 }
1088
1089 static int vmdk_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1090                     uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1091 {
1092     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1093     int ret;
1094     uint64_t n, index_in_cluster;
1095     VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1096     uint64_t cluster_offset;
1097
1098     while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1099         extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1100         if (!extent) {
1101             return -EIO;
1102         }
1103         ret = get_cluster_offset(
1104                             bs, extent, NULL,
1105                             sector_num << 9, 0, &cluster_offset);
1106         index_in_cluster = sector_num % extent->cluster_sectors;
1107         n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1108         if (n > nb_sectors) {
1109             n = nb_sectors;
1110         }
1111         if (ret) {
1112             /* if not allocated, try to read from parent image, if exist */
1113             if (bs->backing_hd) {
1114                 if (!vmdk_is_cid_valid(bs)) {
1115                     return -EINVAL;
1116                 }
1117                 ret = bdrv_read(bs->backing_hd, sector_num, buf, n);
1118                 if (ret < 0) {
1119                     return ret;
1120                 }
1121             } else {
1122                 memset(buf, 0, 512 * n);
1123             }
1124         } else {
1125             ret = vmdk_read_extent(extent,
1126                             cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1127                             buf, n);
1128             if (ret) {
1129                 return ret;
1130             }
1131         }
1132         nb_sectors -= n;
1133         sector_num += n;
1134         buf += n * 512;
1135     }
1136     return 0;
1137 }
1138
1139 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_read(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1140                                      uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1141 {
1142     int ret;
1143     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1144     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1145     ret = vmdk_read(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
1146     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1147     return ret;
1148 }
1149
1150 static int vmdk_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1151                      const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1152 {
1153     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1154     VmdkExtent *extent = NULL;
1155     int n, ret;
1156     int64_t index_in_cluster;
1157     uint64_t cluster_offset;
1158     VmdkMetaData m_data;
1159
1160     if (sector_num > bs->total_sectors) {
1161         fprintf(stderr,
1162                 "(VMDK) Wrong offset: sector_num=0x%" PRIx64
1163                 " total_sectors=0x%" PRIx64 "\n",
1164                 sector_num, bs->total_sectors);
1165         return -EIO;
1166     }
1167
1168     while (nb_sectors > 0) {
1169         extent = find_extent(s, sector_num, extent);
1170         if (!extent) {
1171             return -EIO;
1172         }
1173         ret = get_cluster_offset(
1174                                 bs,
1175                                 extent,
1176                                 &m_data,
1177                                 sector_num << 9, !extent->compressed,
1178                                 &cluster_offset);
1179         if (extent->compressed) {
1180             if (ret == 0) {
1181                 /* Refuse write to allocated cluster for streamOptimized */
1182                 fprintf(stderr,
1183                         "VMDK: can't write to allocated cluster"
1184                         " for streamOptimized\n");
1185                 return -EIO;
1186             } else {
1187                 /* allocate */
1188                 ret = get_cluster_offset(
1189                                         bs,
1190                                         extent,
1191                                         &m_data,
1192                                         sector_num << 9, 1,
1193                                         &cluster_offset);
1194             }
1195         }
1196         if (ret) {
1197             return -EINVAL;
1198         }
1199         index_in_cluster = sector_num % extent->cluster_sectors;
1200         n = extent->cluster_sectors - index_in_cluster;
1201         if (n > nb_sectors) {
1202             n = nb_sectors;
1203         }
1204
1205         ret = vmdk_write_extent(extent,
1206                         cluster_offset, index_in_cluster * 512,
1207                         buf, n, sector_num);
1208         if (ret) {
1209             return ret;
1210         }
1211         if (m_data.valid) {
1212             /* update L2 tables */
1213             if (vmdk_L2update(extent, &m_data) == -1) {
1214                 return -EIO;
1215             }
1216         }
1217         nb_sectors -= n;
1218         sector_num += n;
1219         buf += n * 512;
1220
1221         /* update CID on the first write every time the virtual disk is
1222          * opened */
1223         if (!s->cid_updated) {
1224             ret = vmdk_write_cid(bs, time(NULL));
1225             if (ret < 0) {
1226                 return ret;
1227             }
1228             s->cid_updated = true;
1229         }
1230     }
1231     return 0;
1232 }
1233
1234 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_write(BlockDriverState *bs, int64_t sector_num,
1235                                       const uint8_t *buf, int nb_sectors)
1236 {
1237     int ret;
1238     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1239     qemu_co_mutex_lock(&s->lock);
1240     ret = vmdk_write(bs, sector_num, buf, nb_sectors);
1241     qemu_co_mutex_unlock(&s->lock);
1242     return ret;
1243 }
1244
1245
1246 static int vmdk_create_extent(const char *filename, int64_t filesize,
1247                               bool flat, bool compress)
1248 {
1249     int ret, i;
1250     int fd = 0;
1251     VMDK4Header header;
1252     uint32_t tmp, magic, grains, gd_size, gt_size, gt_count;
1253
1254     fd = qemu_open(filename,
1255                    O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE,
1256                    0644);
1257     if (fd < 0) {
1258         return -errno;
1259     }
1260     if (flat) {
1261         ret = ftruncate(fd, filesize);
1262         if (ret < 0) {
1263             ret = -errno;
1264         }
1265         goto exit;
1266     }
1267     magic = cpu_to_be32(VMDK4_MAGIC);
1268     memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
1269     header.version = 1;
1270     header.flags =
1271         3 | (compress ? VMDK4_FLAG_COMPRESS | VMDK4_FLAG_MARKER : 0);
1272     header.compressAlgorithm = compress ? VMDK4_COMPRESSION_DEFLATE : 0;
1273     header.capacity = filesize / 512;
1274     header.granularity = 128;
1275     header.num_gtes_per_gte = 512;
1276
1277     grains = (filesize / 512 + header.granularity - 1) / header.granularity;
1278     gt_size = ((header.num_gtes_per_gte * sizeof(uint32_t)) + 511) >> 9;
1279     gt_count =
1280         (grains + header.num_gtes_per_gte - 1) / header.num_gtes_per_gte;
1281     gd_size = (gt_count * sizeof(uint32_t) + 511) >> 9;
1282
1283     header.desc_offset = 1;
1284     header.desc_size = 20;
1285     header.rgd_offset = header.desc_offset + header.desc_size;
1286     header.gd_offset = header.rgd_offset + gd_size + (gt_size * gt_count);
1287     header.grain_offset =
1288        ((header.gd_offset + gd_size + (gt_size * gt_count) +
1289          header.granularity - 1) / header.granularity) *
1290         header.granularity;
1291     /* swap endianness for all header fields */
1292     header.version = cpu_to_le32(header.version);
1293     header.flags = cpu_to_le32(header.flags);
1294     header.capacity = cpu_to_le64(header.capacity);
1295     header.granularity = cpu_to_le64(header.granularity);
1296     header.num_gtes_per_gte = cpu_to_le32(header.num_gtes_per_gte);
1297     header.desc_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_offset);
1298     header.desc_size = cpu_to_le64(header.desc_size);
1299     header.rgd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.rgd_offset);
1300     header.gd_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.gd_offset);
1301     header.grain_offset = cpu_to_le64(header.grain_offset);
1302     header.compressAlgorithm = cpu_to_le16(header.compressAlgorithm);
1303
1304     header.check_bytes[0] = 0xa;
1305     header.check_bytes[1] = 0x20;
1306     header.check_bytes[2] = 0xd;
1307     header.check_bytes[3] = 0xa;
1308
1309     /* write all the data */
1310     ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &magic, sizeof(magic));
1311     if (ret != sizeof(magic)) {
1312         ret = -errno;
1313         goto exit;
1314     }
1315     ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &header, sizeof(header));
1316     if (ret != sizeof(header)) {
1317         ret = -errno;
1318         goto exit;
1319     }
1320
1321     ret = ftruncate(fd, le64_to_cpu(header.grain_offset) << 9);
1322     if (ret < 0) {
1323         ret = -errno;
1324         goto exit;
1325     }
1326
1327     /* write grain directory */
1328     lseek(fd, le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) << 9, SEEK_SET);
1329     for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.rgd_offset) + gd_size;
1330          i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1331         ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
1332         if (ret != sizeof(tmp)) {
1333             ret = -errno;
1334             goto exit;
1335         }
1336     }
1337
1338     /* write backup grain directory */
1339     lseek(fd, le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) << 9, SEEK_SET);
1340     for (i = 0, tmp = le64_to_cpu(header.gd_offset) + gd_size;
1341          i < gt_count; i++, tmp += gt_size) {
1342         ret = qemu_write_full(fd, &tmp, sizeof(tmp));
1343         if (ret != sizeof(tmp)) {
1344             ret = -errno;
1345             goto exit;
1346         }
1347     }
1348
1349     ret = 0;
1350  exit:
1351     qemu_close(fd);
1352     return ret;
1353 }
1354
1355 static int filename_decompose(const char *filename, char *path, char *prefix,
1356         char *postfix, size_t buf_len)
1357 {
1358     const char *p, *q;
1359
1360     if (filename == NULL || !strlen(filename)) {
1361         fprintf(stderr, "Vmdk: no filename provided.\n");
1362         return -1;
1363     }
1364     p = strrchr(filename, '/');
1365     if (p == NULL) {
1366         p = strrchr(filename, '\\');
1367     }
1368     if (p == NULL) {
1369         p = strrchr(filename, ':');
1370     }
1371     if (p != NULL) {
1372         p++;
1373         if (p - filename >= buf_len) {
1374             return -1;
1375         }
1376         pstrcpy(path, p - filename + 1, filename);
1377     } else {
1378         p = filename;
1379         path[0] = '\0';
1380     }
1381     q = strrchr(p, '.');
1382     if (q == NULL) {
1383         pstrcpy(prefix, buf_len, p);
1384         postfix[0] = '\0';
1385     } else {
1386         if (q - p >= buf_len) {
1387             return -1;
1388         }
1389         pstrcpy(prefix, q - p + 1, p);
1390         pstrcpy(postfix, buf_len, q);
1391     }
1392     return 0;
1393 }
1394
1395 static int relative_path(char *dest, int dest_size,
1396         const char *base, const char *target)
1397 {
1398     int i = 0;
1399     int n = 0;
1400     const char *p, *q;
1401 #ifdef _WIN32
1402     const char *sep = "\\";
1403 #else
1404     const char *sep = "/";
1405 #endif
1406
1407     if (!(dest && base && target)) {
1408         return -1;
1409     }
1410     if (path_is_absolute(target)) {
1411         pstrcpy(dest, dest_size, target);
1412         return 0;
1413     }
1414     while (base[i] == target[i]) {
1415         i++;
1416     }
1417     p = &base[i];
1418     q = &target[i];
1419     while (*p) {
1420         if (*p == *sep) {
1421             n++;
1422         }
1423         p++;
1424     }
1425     dest[0] = '\0';
1426     for (; n; n--) {
1427         pstrcat(dest, dest_size, "..");
1428         pstrcat(dest, dest_size, sep);
1429     }
1430     pstrcat(dest, dest_size, q);
1431     return 0;
1432 }
1433
1434 static int vmdk_create(const char *filename, QEMUOptionParameter *options)
1435 {
1436     int fd, idx = 0;
1437     char desc[BUF_SIZE];
1438     int64_t total_size = 0, filesize;
1439     const char *backing_file = NULL;
1440     const char *fmt = NULL;
1441     int flags = 0;
1442     int ret = 0;
1443     bool flat, split, compress;
1444     char ext_desc_lines[BUF_SIZE] = "";
1445     char path[PATH_MAX], prefix[PATH_MAX], postfix[PATH_MAX];
1446     const int64_t split_size = 0x80000000;  /* VMDK has constant split size */
1447     const char *desc_extent_line;
1448     char parent_desc_line[BUF_SIZE] = "";
1449     uint32_t parent_cid = 0xffffffff;
1450     const char desc_template[] =
1451         "# Disk DescriptorFile\n"
1452         "version=1\n"
1453         "CID=%x\n"
1454         "parentCID=%x\n"
1455         "createType=\"%s\"\n"
1456         "%s"
1457         "\n"
1458         "# Extent description\n"
1459         "%s"
1460         "\n"
1461         "# The Disk Data Base\n"
1462         "#DDB\n"
1463         "\n"
1464         "ddb.virtualHWVersion = \"%d\"\n"
1465         "ddb.geometry.cylinders = \"%" PRId64 "\"\n"
1466         "ddb.geometry.heads = \"16\"\n"
1467         "ddb.geometry.sectors = \"63\"\n"
1468         "ddb.adapterType = \"ide\"\n";
1469
1470     if (filename_decompose(filename, path, prefix, postfix, PATH_MAX)) {
1471         return -EINVAL;
1472     }
1473     /* Read out options */
1474     while (options && options->name) {
1475         if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_SIZE)) {
1476             total_size = options->value.n;
1477         } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE)) {
1478             backing_file = options->value.s;
1479         } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6)) {
1480             flags |= options->value.n ? BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 : 0;
1481         } else if (!strcmp(options->name, BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT)) {
1482             fmt = options->value.s;
1483         }
1484         options++;
1485     }
1486     if (!fmt) {
1487         /* Default format to monolithicSparse */
1488         fmt = "monolithicSparse";
1489     } else if (strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1490                strcmp(fmt, "monolithicSparse") &&
1491                strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse") &&
1492                strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1493                strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized")) {
1494         fprintf(stderr, "VMDK: Unknown subformat: %s\n", fmt);
1495         return -EINVAL;
1496     }
1497     split = !(strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat") &&
1498               strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentSparse"));
1499     flat = !(strcmp(fmt, "monolithicFlat") &&
1500              strcmp(fmt, "twoGbMaxExtentFlat"));
1501     compress = !strcmp(fmt, "streamOptimized");
1502     if (flat) {
1503         desc_extent_line = "RW %lld FLAT \"%s\" 0\n";
1504     } else {
1505         desc_extent_line = "RW %lld SPARSE \"%s\"\n";
1506     }
1507     if (flat && backing_file) {
1508         /* not supporting backing file for flat image */
1509         return -ENOTSUP;
1510     }
1511     if (backing_file) {
1512         char parent_filename[PATH_MAX];
1513         BlockDriverState *bs = bdrv_new("");
1514         ret = bdrv_open(bs, backing_file, 0, NULL);
1515         if (ret != 0) {
1516             bdrv_delete(bs);
1517             return ret;
1518         }
1519         if (strcmp(bs->drv->format_name, "vmdk")) {
1520             bdrv_delete(bs);
1521             return -EINVAL;
1522         }
1523         parent_cid = vmdk_read_cid(bs, 0);
1524         bdrv_delete(bs);
1525         relative_path(parent_filename, sizeof(parent_filename),
1526                       filename, backing_file);
1527         snprintf(parent_desc_line, sizeof(parent_desc_line),
1528                 "parentFileNameHint=\"%s\"", parent_filename);
1529     }
1530
1531     /* Create extents */
1532     filesize = total_size;
1533     while (filesize > 0) {
1534         char desc_line[BUF_SIZE];
1535         char ext_filename[PATH_MAX];
1536         char desc_filename[PATH_MAX];
1537         int64_t size = filesize;
1538
1539         if (split && size > split_size) {
1540             size = split_size;
1541         }
1542         if (split) {
1543             snprintf(desc_filename, sizeof(desc_filename), "%s-%c%03d%s",
1544                     prefix, flat ? 'f' : 's', ++idx, postfix);
1545         } else if (flat) {
1546             snprintf(desc_filename, sizeof(desc_filename), "%s-flat%s",
1547                     prefix, postfix);
1548         } else {
1549             snprintf(desc_filename, sizeof(desc_filename), "%s%s",
1550                     prefix, postfix);
1551         }
1552         snprintf(ext_filename, sizeof(ext_filename), "%s%s",
1553                 path, desc_filename);
1554
1555         if (vmdk_create_extent(ext_filename, size, flat, compress)) {
1556             return -EINVAL;
1557         }
1558         filesize -= size;
1559
1560         /* Format description line */
1561         snprintf(desc_line, sizeof(desc_line),
1562                     desc_extent_line, size / 512, desc_filename);
1563         pstrcat(ext_desc_lines, sizeof(ext_desc_lines), desc_line);
1564     }
1565     /* generate descriptor file */
1566     snprintf(desc, sizeof(desc), desc_template,
1567             (unsigned int)time(NULL),
1568             parent_cid,
1569             fmt,
1570             parent_desc_line,
1571             ext_desc_lines,
1572             (flags & BLOCK_FLAG_COMPAT6 ? 6 : 4),
1573             total_size / (int64_t)(63 * 16 * 512));
1574     if (split || flat) {
1575         fd = qemu_open(filename,
1576                        O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE,
1577                        0644);
1578     } else {
1579         fd = qemu_open(filename,
1580                        O_WRONLY | O_BINARY | O_LARGEFILE,
1581                        0644);
1582     }
1583     if (fd < 0) {
1584         return -errno;
1585     }
1586     /* the descriptor offset = 0x200 */
1587     if (!split && !flat && 0x200 != lseek(fd, 0x200, SEEK_SET)) {
1588         ret = -errno;
1589         goto exit;
1590     }
1591     ret = qemu_write_full(fd, desc, strlen(desc));
1592     if (ret != strlen(desc)) {
1593         ret = -errno;
1594         goto exit;
1595     }
1596     ret = 0;
1597 exit:
1598     qemu_close(fd);
1599     return ret;
1600 }
1601
1602 static void vmdk_close(BlockDriverState *bs)
1603 {
1604     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1605
1606     vmdk_free_extents(bs);
1607
1608     migrate_del_blocker(s->migration_blocker);
1609     error_free(s->migration_blocker);
1610 }
1611
1612 static coroutine_fn int vmdk_co_flush(BlockDriverState *bs)
1613 {
1614     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1615     int i, err;
1616     int ret = 0;
1617
1618     for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
1619         err = bdrv_co_flush(s->extents[i].file);
1620         if (err < 0) {
1621             ret = err;
1622         }
1623     }
1624     return ret;
1625 }
1626
1627 static int64_t vmdk_get_allocated_file_size(BlockDriverState *bs)
1628 {
1629     int i;
1630     int64_t ret = 0;
1631     int64_t r;
1632     BDRVVmdkState *s = bs->opaque;
1633
1634     ret = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(bs->file);
1635     if (ret < 0) {
1636         return ret;
1637     }
1638     for (i = 0; i < s->num_extents; i++) {
1639         if (s->extents[i].file == bs->file) {
1640             continue;
1641         }
1642         r = bdrv_get_allocated_file_size(s->extents[i].file);
1643         if (r < 0) {
1644             return r;
1645         }
1646         ret += r;
1647     }
1648     return ret;
1649 }
1650
1651 static QEMUOptionParameter vmdk_create_options[] = {
1652     {
1653         .name = BLOCK_OPT_SIZE,
1654         .type = OPT_SIZE,
1655         .help = "Virtual disk size"
1656     },
1657     {
1658         .name = BLOCK_OPT_BACKING_FILE,
1659         .type = OPT_STRING,
1660         .help = "File name of a base image"
1661     },
1662     {
1663         .name = BLOCK_OPT_COMPAT6,
1664         .type = OPT_FLAG,
1665         .help = "VMDK version 6 image"
1666     },
1667     {
1668         .name = BLOCK_OPT_SUBFMT,
1669         .type = OPT_STRING,
1670         .help =
1671             "VMDK flat extent format, can be one of "
1672             "{monolithicSparse (default) | monolithicFlat | twoGbMaxExtentSparse | twoGbMaxExtentFlat | streamOptimized} "
1673     },
1674     { NULL }
1675 };
1676
1677 static BlockDriver bdrv_vmdk = {
1678     .format_name    = "vmdk",
1679     .instance_size  = sizeof(BDRVVmdkState),
1680     .bdrv_probe     = vmdk_probe,
1681     .bdrv_open      = vmdk_open,
1682     .bdrv_reopen_prepare = vmdk_reopen_prepare,
1683     .bdrv_read      = vmdk_co_read,
1684     .bdrv_write     = vmdk_co_write,
1685     .bdrv_close     = vmdk_close,
1686     .bdrv_create    = vmdk_create,
1687     .bdrv_co_flush_to_disk  = vmdk_co_flush,
1688     .bdrv_co_is_allocated   = vmdk_co_is_allocated,
1689     .bdrv_get_allocated_file_size  = vmdk_get_allocated_file_size,
1690
1691     .create_options = vmdk_create_options,
1692 };
1693
1694 static void bdrv_vmdk_init(void)
1695 {
1696     bdrv_register(&bdrv_vmdk);
1697 }
1698
1699 block_init(bdrv_vmdk_init);