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2 <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//Samba-Team//DTD DocBook V4.2-Based Variant V1.0//EN" "http://www.samba.org/samba/DTD/samba-doc">
3 <refentry id="vfs_fruit.8">
6 <refentrytitle>vfs_fruit</refentrytitle>
7 <manvolnum>8</manvolnum>
8 <refmiscinfo class="source">Samba</refmiscinfo>
9 <refmiscinfo class="manual">System Administration tools</refmiscinfo>
10 <refmiscinfo class="version">&doc.version;</refmiscinfo>
15 <refname>vfs_fruit</refname>
16 <refpurpose>Enhanced OS X and Netatalk interoperability</refpurpose>
21 <command>vfs objects = fruit</command>
26 <title>DESCRIPTION</title>
28 <para>This VFS module is part of the
29 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>samba</refentrytitle>
30 <manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry> suite.</para>
32 <para>The <command>vfs_fruit</command> module provides
33 enhanced compatibility with Apple SMB clients and
34 interoperability with a Netatalk 3 AFP fileserver.</para>
36 <para>The module should be stacked with
37 <command>vfs_catia</command> if enabling character conversion and
38 must be stacked with <command>vfs_streams_xattr</command>, see the
39 example section for the correct config.</para>
41 <para>The module enables alternate data streams (ADS) support
42 for a share, intercepts the OS X special streams "AFP_AfpInfo"
43 and "AFP_Resource" and handles them in a special way. All
44 other named streams are deferred to
45 <command>vfs_streams_xattr</command> which must be loaded
46 together with <command>vfs_fruit</command>.</para>
48 <para>Be careful when mixing shares with and without
49 vfs_fruit. OS X clients negotiate SMB2 AAPL protocol
50 extensions on the first tcon, so mixing shares with and
51 without fruit will globally disable AAPL if the first tcon is
54 <para>Having shares with ADS support enabled for OS X client
55 is worthwhile because it resembles the behaviour of Apple's
56 own SMB server implementation and it avoids certain severe
57 performance degradations caused by Samba's case sensitivity
60 <para>The OS X metadata and resource fork stream can be stored
61 in a way compatible with Netatalk 3 by setting
62 <command>fruit:resource = file</command> and
63 <command>fruit:metadata = netatalk</command>.</para>
65 <para>OS X maps NTFS illegal characters to the Unicode private
66 range in SMB requests. By setting <command>fruit:encoding =
67 native</command>, all mapped characters are converted to
68 native ASCII characters.</para>
70 <para>Finally, share access modes are optionally checked
71 against Netatalk AFP sharing modes by setting
72 <command>fruit:locking = netatalk</command>.</para>
74 <para>This module is not stackable other than described in
80 <title>GLOBAL OPTIONS</title>
82 <para>The following options must be set in the global smb.conf section
83 and won't take effect when set per share.</para>
88 <term>fruit:aapl = yes | no</term>
90 <para>A <emphasis>global</emphasis> option whether to enable Apple's SMB2+
91 extension codenamed AAPL. Default
92 <emphasis>yes</emphasis>. This extension enhances
93 several deficiencies when connecting from Macs:</para>
96 <listitem><para>directory enumeration is enriched with
97 Mac relevant filesystem metadata (UNIX mode,
98 FinderInfo, resource fork size and effective
99 permission), as a result the Mac client doesn't need
100 to fetch this metadata individually per directory
101 entry resulting in an often tremendous performance
102 increase.</para></listitem>
104 <listitem><para>The ability to query and modify the
105 UNIX mode of directory entries.</para></listitem>
108 <para>There's a set of per share options that come into play when
109 <emphasis>fruit:aapl</emphasis> is enabled. These options, listed
110 below, can be used to disable the computation of specific Mac
111 metadata in the directory enumeration context, all are enabled by
115 <listitem><para>readdir_attr:aapl_rsize = yes | no</para></listitem>
116 <listitem><para>readdir_attr:aapl_finder_info = yes | no</para></listitem>
117 <listitem><para>readdir_attr:aapl_max_access = yes | no</para></listitem>
120 <para>See below for a description of these options.</para>
126 <term>fruit:nfs_aces = yes | no</term>
128 <para>A <emphasis>global</emphasis> option whether support for
129 querying and modifying the UNIX mode of directory entries via NFS
130 ACEs is enabled, default <emphasis>yes</emphasis>.</para>
135 <term>fruit:copyfile = yes | no</term>
137 <para>A <emphasis>global</emphasis> option whether to enable OS X
138 specific copychunk ioctl that requests a copy of a whole file
139 along with all attached metadata.</para>
140 <para>WARNING: the copyfile request is blocking the
141 client while the server does the copy.</para>
142 <para>The default is <emphasis>no</emphasis>.</para>
147 <term>fruit:model = MacSamba</term>
149 <para>This option defines the model string inside the AAPL
150 extension and will determine the appearance of the icon representing the
151 Samba server in the Finder window.</para>
152 <para>The default is <emphasis>MacSamba</emphasis>.</para>
159 <title>OPTIONS</title>
161 <para>The following options can be set either in the global smb.conf section
167 <term>fruit:resource = [ file | xattr | stream ]</term>
169 <para>Controls where the OS X resource fork is stored.</para>
171 <para>Due to a spelling bug in all Samba versions older than
172 4.6.0, this option can also be given as
173 <emphasis>fruit:ressource</emphasis>, ie with two s.</para>
175 <para>Settings:</para>
178 <listitem><para><command>file (default)</command> - use a ._
179 AppleDouble file compatible with OS X and
180 Netatalk</para></listitem>
182 <listitem><para><command>xattr</command> - use a
183 xattr, requires a filesystem with large xattr support
184 and a file IO API compatible with xattrs, this boils
185 down to Solaris and derived platforms and
186 ZFS</para></listitem>
188 <listitem><para><command>stream (experimental)</command> - pass
189 the stream on to the next module in the VFS stack.
190 <emphasis>Warning: </emphasis> this option should not be used
191 with the <emphasis>streams_xattr</emphasis> module due to the
192 extended attributes size limitations of most
193 filesystems.</para></listitem>
200 <term>fruit:time machine = [ yes | no ]</term>
202 <para>Controls if Time Machine support via the FULLSYNC volume
203 capability is advertised to clients.</para>
206 <listitem><para><command>yes</command> - Enables Time Machine
207 support for this share. Also registers the share with mDNS in
208 case Samba is built with mDNS support.</para></listitem>
210 <listitem><para><command>no (default)</command> Disables
211 advertising Time Machine support.</para></listitem>
215 <para>This option enforces the following settings per share (or
216 for all shares if enabled globally):</para>
218 <listitem><para><command>durable handles = yes</command></para></listitem>
219 <listitem><para><command>kernel oplocks = no</command></para></listitem>
220 <listitem><para><command>kernel share modes = no</command></para></listitem>
221 <listitem><para><command>posix locking = no</command></para></listitem>
228 <term>fruit:time machine max size = SIZE [K|M|G|T|P]</term>
230 <para>Useful for Time Machine: limits the reported disksize, thus
231 preventing Time Machine from using the whole real disk space for
232 backup. The option takes a number plus an optional unit.</para>
233 <para><emphasis>IMPORTANT</emphasis>: This is an approximated
234 calculation that only takes into account the contents of Time
235 Machine sparsebundle images. Therefore you <emphasis>MUST
236 NOT</emphasis> use this volume to store other content when using
237 this option, because it would NOT be accounted.</para>
238 <para>The calculation works by reading the band size from the
239 Info.plist XML file of the sparsebundle, reading the bands/
240 directory counting the number of band files, and then multiplying
241 one with the other.</para>
246 <term>fruit:metadata = [ stream | netatalk ]</term>
248 <para>Controls where the OS X metadata stream is stored:</para>
251 <listitem><para><command>netatalk (default)</command> - use
252 Netatalk compatible xattr</para></listitem>
254 <listitem><para><command>stream</command> - pass the
255 stream on to the next module in the VFS
256 stack</para></listitem>
263 <term>fruit:locking = [ netatalk | none ]</term>
267 <listitem><para><command>none (default)</command> - no
268 cross protocol locking</para></listitem>
270 <listitem><para><command>netatalk</command> - use
271 cross protocol locking with Netatalk</para></listitem>
278 <term>fruit:encoding = [ native | private ]</term>
281 <para>Controls how the set of illegal NTFS ASCII
282 character, commonly used by OS X clients, are stored in
283 the filesystem.</para>
285 <para><emphasis>Important:</emphasis> this is known to not fully
286 work with <emphasis>fruit:metadata=stream</emphasis> or
287 <emphasis>fruit:resource=stream</emphasis>.</para>
291 <listitem><para><command>private (default)</command> -
292 store characters as encoded by the OS X client: mapped
293 to the Unicode private range</para></listitem>
295 <listitem><para><command>native</command> - store
296 characters with their native ASCII
297 value. <emphasis>Important</emphasis>: this option
298 requires the use of <emphasis>vfs_catia</emphasis> in
299 the VFS module stack as shown in the examples
300 section.</para></listitem>
307 <term>fruit:veto_appledouble = yes | no</term>
309 <para><emphasis>Note:</emphasis> this option only applies when
310 <parameter>fruit:resource</parameter> is set to
311 <parameter>file</parameter> (the default).</para>
313 <para>When <parameter>fruit:resource</parameter> is set to
314 <parameter>file</parameter>, vfs_fruit may create ._ AppleDouble
315 files. This options controls whether these ._ AppleDouble files
316 are vetoed which prevents the client from accessing them.</para>
317 <para>Vetoing ._ files may break some applications, e.g.
318 extracting Mac ZIP archives from Mac clients fails,
319 because they contain ._ files. <command>rsync</command> will
320 also be unable to sync files beginning with underscores, as
321 the temporary files it uses for these will start with ._ and
322 so cannot be created.</para>
323 <para>Setting this option to
324 false will fix this, but the abstraction leak of
325 exposing the internally created ._ files may have other
326 unknown side effects.</para>
327 <para>The default is <emphasis>yes</emphasis>.</para>
332 <term>readdir_attr:aapl_rsize = yes | no</term>
334 <para>Return resource fork size in SMB2 FIND responses.</para>
335 <para>The default is <emphasis>yes</emphasis>.</para>
340 <term>readdir_attr:aapl_finder_info = yes | no</term>
342 <para>Return FinderInfo in SMB2 FIND responses.</para>
343 <para>The default is <emphasis>yes</emphasis>.</para>
348 <term>readdir_attr:aapl_max_access = yes | no</term>
350 <para>Return the user's effective maximum permissions in SMB2 FIND
351 responses. This is an expensive computation, setting this to off
352 pretends the use has maximum effective permissions.</para>
353 <para>The default is <emphasis>yes</emphasis>.</para>
358 <term>fruit:wipe_intentionally_left_blank_rfork = yes | no</term>
360 <para>Whether to wipe Resource Fork data that matches the special
361 286 bytes sized placeholder blob that macOS client create on
362 occasion. The blob contains a string <quote>This resource fork
363 intentionally left blank</quote>, the remaining bytes being mostly
364 zero. There being no one use of this data, it is probably safe to
365 discard it. When this option is enabled, this module truncates the
366 Resource Fork stream to 0 bytes.</para>
367 <para>The default is <emphasis>no</emphasis>.</para>
372 <term>fruit:delete_empty_adfiles = yes | no</term>
374 <para>Whether to delete empty AppleDouble files. Empty means that
375 the resource fork entry in the AppleDouble files is of size 0, or
376 the size is exactly 286 bytes and the content matches a special
377 boilerplate resource fork created my macOS.</para>
378 <para>The default is <emphasis>no</emphasis>.</para>
383 <term>fruit:zero_file_id = yes | no</term>
385 <para>Whether to return zero to queries of on-disk file
386 identifier if the client has negotiated AAPL.</para>
387 <para>Mac applications and / or the Mac SMB client code expect the
388 on-disk file identifier to have the semantics of HFS+ Catalog Node
389 Identifier (CNID). Samba provides File-IDs based on a file's inode
390 number which gets recycled across file creation and deletion and
391 can therefore not be used for Mac client. Returning a file identifier of
392 zero causes the Mac client to stop using and trusting the file id
393 returned from the server.</para>
394 <para>The default is <emphasis>yes</emphasis>.</para>
399 <term>fruit:convert_adouble = yes | no</term>
401 <para>Whether an attempt shall be made to convert ._ AppleDouble
402 sidecar files to native streams (xattrs when using
403 vfs_streams_xattr). The main use case for this conversion is
404 transparent migration from a server config without streams support
405 where the macOS client created those AppleDouble sidecar
407 <para>The default is <emphasis>yes</emphasis>.</para>
412 <term>fruit:validate_afpinfo = yes | no</term>
414 <para>Apple clients use the AFP_AfpInfo stream to store structured
415 file metadata. As part of the marshaled data stored in the stream
416 the first eight bytes contain some header information. Apple's SMB
417 server as well as Samba will validate this header bytes processing
418 a client write request on this stream, and, if the validation
419 fails, fail the write. While this validation is generally correct,
420 in some data migration scenarios clients may try to migrate data
421 from 3rd-party SMB servers to Samba servers where the header
422 information is broken for whatever reason. To allow migration and
423 header fix-up in these scenarios, the validation can be temporarily
424 disabled by setting this option to <emphasis>no</emphasis>.</para>
425 <para>The default is <emphasis>yes</emphasis>.</para>
433 <title>EXAMPLES</title>
436 <smbconfsection name="[share]"/>
437 <smbconfoption name="vfs objects">catia fruit streams_xattr</smbconfoption>
438 <smbconfoption name="fruit:resource">file</smbconfoption>
439 <smbconfoption name="fruit:metadata">netatalk</smbconfoption>
440 <smbconfoption name="fruit:locking">netatalk</smbconfoption>
441 <smbconfoption name="fruit:encoding">native</smbconfoption>
447 <title>AUTHOR</title>
449 <para>The original Samba software and related utilities
450 were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed
451 by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar
452 to the way the Linux kernel is developed.</para>