4 ** The author disclaims copyright to this source code. In place of
5 ** a legal notice, here is a blessing:
7 ** May you do good and not evil.
8 ** May you find forgiveness for yourself and forgive others.
9 ** May you share freely, never taking more than you give.
11 *************************************************************************
12 ** This is the header file for information that is private to the
13 ** VDBE. This information used to all be at the top of the single
14 ** source code file "vdbe.c". When that file became too big (over
15 ** 6000 lines long) it was split up into several smaller files and
16 ** this header information was factored out.
22 ** SQL is translated into a sequence of instructions to be
23 ** executed by a virtual machine. Each instruction is an instance
24 ** of the following structure.
26 typedef struct VdbeOp Op
;
31 typedef unsigned char Bool
;
33 /* Opaque type used by code in vdbesort.c */
34 typedef struct VdbeSorter VdbeSorter
;
36 /* Opaque type used by the explainer */
37 typedef struct Explain Explain
;
40 ** A cursor is a pointer into a single BTree within a database file.
41 ** The cursor can seek to a BTree entry with a particular key, or
42 ** loop over all entries of the Btree. You can also insert new BTree
43 ** entries or retrieve the key or data from the entry that the cursor
44 ** is currently pointing to.
46 ** Every cursor that the virtual machine has open is represented by an
47 ** instance of the following structure.
50 BtCursor
*pCursor
; /* The cursor structure of the backend */
51 Btree
*pBt
; /* Separate file holding temporary table */
52 KeyInfo
*pKeyInfo
; /* Info about index keys needed by index cursors */
53 int iDb
; /* Index of cursor database in db->aDb[] (or -1) */
54 int pseudoTableReg
; /* Register holding pseudotable content. */
55 int nField
; /* Number of fields in the header */
56 Bool zeroed
; /* True if zeroed out and ready for reuse */
57 Bool rowidIsValid
; /* True if lastRowid is valid */
58 Bool atFirst
; /* True if pointing to first entry */
59 Bool useRandomRowid
; /* Generate new record numbers semi-randomly */
60 Bool nullRow
; /* True if pointing to a row with no data */
61 Bool deferredMoveto
; /* A call to sqlite3BtreeMoveto() is needed */
62 Bool isTable
; /* True if a table requiring integer keys */
63 Bool isIndex
; /* True if an index containing keys only - no data */
64 Bool isOrdered
; /* True if the underlying table is BTREE_UNORDERED */
65 Bool isSorter
; /* True if a new-style sorter */
66 sqlite3_vtab_cursor
*pVtabCursor
; /* The cursor for a virtual table */
67 const sqlite3_module
*pModule
; /* Module for cursor pVtabCursor */
68 i64 seqCount
; /* Sequence counter */
69 i64 movetoTarget
; /* Argument to the deferred sqlite3BtreeMoveto() */
70 i64 lastRowid
; /* Last rowid from a Next or NextIdx operation */
71 VdbeSorter
*pSorter
; /* Sorter object for OP_SorterOpen cursors */
73 /* Result of last sqlite3BtreeMoveto() done by an OP_NotExists or
74 ** OP_IsUnique opcode on this cursor. */
77 /* Cached information about the header for the data record that the
78 ** cursor is currently pointing to. Only valid if cacheStatus matches
79 ** Vdbe.cacheCtr. Vdbe.cacheCtr will never take on the value of
80 ** CACHE_STALE and so setting cacheStatus=CACHE_STALE guarantees that
81 ** the cache is out of date.
83 ** aRow might point to (ephemeral) data for the current row, or it might
86 u32 cacheStatus
; /* Cache is valid if this matches Vdbe.cacheCtr */
87 int payloadSize
; /* Total number of bytes in the record */
88 u32
*aType
; /* Type values for all entries in the record */
89 u32
*aOffset
; /* Cached offsets to the start of each columns data */
90 u8
*aRow
; /* Data for the current row, if all on one page */
92 typedef struct VdbeCursor VdbeCursor
;
95 ** When a sub-program is executed (OP_Program), a structure of this type
96 ** is allocated to store the current value of the program counter, as
97 ** well as the current memory cell array and various other frame specific
98 ** values stored in the Vdbe struct. When the sub-program is finished,
99 ** these values are copied back to the Vdbe from the VdbeFrame structure,
100 ** restoring the state of the VM to as it was before the sub-program
103 ** The memory for a VdbeFrame object is allocated and managed by a memory
104 ** cell in the parent (calling) frame. When the memory cell is deleted or
105 ** overwritten, the VdbeFrame object is not freed immediately. Instead, it
106 ** is linked into the Vdbe.pDelFrame list. The contents of the Vdbe.pDelFrame
107 ** list is deleted when the VM is reset in VdbeHalt(). The reason for doing
108 ** this instead of deleting the VdbeFrame immediately is to avoid recursive
109 ** calls to sqlite3VdbeMemRelease() when the memory cells belonging to the
110 ** child frame are released.
112 ** The currently executing frame is stored in Vdbe.pFrame. Vdbe.pFrame is
113 ** set to NULL if the currently executing frame is the main program.
115 typedef struct VdbeFrame VdbeFrame
;
117 Vdbe
*v
; /* VM this frame belongs to */
118 VdbeFrame
*pParent
; /* Parent of this frame, or NULL if parent is main */
119 Op
*aOp
; /* Program instructions for parent frame */
120 Mem
*aMem
; /* Array of memory cells for parent frame */
121 u8
*aOnceFlag
; /* Array of OP_Once flags for parent frame */
122 VdbeCursor
**apCsr
; /* Array of Vdbe cursors for parent frame */
123 void *token
; /* Copy of SubProgram.token */
124 i64 lastRowid
; /* Last insert rowid (sqlite3.lastRowid) */
125 u16 nCursor
; /* Number of entries in apCsr */
126 int pc
; /* Program Counter in parent (calling) frame */
127 int nOp
; /* Size of aOp array */
128 int nMem
; /* Number of entries in aMem */
129 int nOnceFlag
; /* Number of entries in aOnceFlag */
130 int nChildMem
; /* Number of memory cells for child frame */
131 int nChildCsr
; /* Number of cursors for child frame */
132 int nChange
; /* Statement changes (Vdbe.nChanges) */
135 #define VdbeFrameMem(p) ((Mem *)&((u8 *)p)[ROUND8(sizeof(VdbeFrame))])
138 ** A value for VdbeCursor.cacheValid that means the cache is always invalid.
140 #define CACHE_STALE 0
143 ** Internally, the vdbe manipulates nearly all SQL values as Mem
144 ** structures. Each Mem struct may cache multiple representations (string,
145 ** integer etc.) of the same value.
148 sqlite3
*db
; /* The associated database connection */
149 char *z
; /* String or BLOB value */
150 double r
; /* Real value */
152 i64 i
; /* Integer value used when MEM_Int is set in flags */
153 int nZero
; /* Used when bit MEM_Zero is set in flags */
154 FuncDef
*pDef
; /* Used only when flags==MEM_Agg */
155 RowSet
*pRowSet
; /* Used only when flags==MEM_RowSet */
156 VdbeFrame
*pFrame
; /* Used when flags==MEM_Frame */
158 int n
; /* Number of characters in string value, excluding '\0' */
159 u16 flags
; /* Some combination of MEM_Null, MEM_Str, MEM_Dyn, etc. */
160 u8 type
; /* One of SQLITE_NULL, SQLITE_TEXT, SQLITE_INTEGER, etc */
161 u8 enc
; /* SQLITE_UTF8, SQLITE_UTF16BE, SQLITE_UTF16LE */
163 Mem
*pScopyFrom
; /* This Mem is a shallow copy of pScopyFrom */
164 void *pFiller
; /* So that sizeof(Mem) is a multiple of 8 */
166 void (*xDel
)(void *); /* If not null, call this function to delete Mem.z */
167 char *zMalloc
; /* Dynamic buffer allocated by sqlite3_malloc() */
170 /* One or more of the following flags are set to indicate the validOK
171 ** representations of the value stored in the Mem struct.
173 ** If the MEM_Null flag is set, then the value is an SQL NULL value.
174 ** No other flags may be set in this case.
176 ** If the MEM_Str flag is set then Mem.z points at a string representation.
177 ** Usually this is encoded in the same unicode encoding as the main
178 ** database (see below for exceptions). If the MEM_Term flag is also
179 ** set, then the string is nul terminated. The MEM_Int and MEM_Real
180 ** flags may coexist with the MEM_Str flag.
182 #define MEM_Null 0x0001 /* Value is NULL */
183 #define MEM_Str 0x0002 /* Value is a string */
184 #define MEM_Int 0x0004 /* Value is an integer */
185 #define MEM_Real 0x0008 /* Value is a real number */
186 #define MEM_Blob 0x0010 /* Value is a BLOB */
187 #define MEM_RowSet 0x0020 /* Value is a RowSet object */
188 #define MEM_Frame 0x0040 /* Value is a VdbeFrame object */
189 #define MEM_Invalid 0x0080 /* Value is undefined */
190 #define MEM_TypeMask 0x00ff /* Mask of type bits */
192 /* Whenever Mem contains a valid string or blob representation, one of
193 ** the following flags must be set to determine the memory management
194 ** policy for Mem.z. The MEM_Term flag tells us whether or not the
195 ** string is \000 or \u0000 terminated
197 #define MEM_Term 0x0200 /* String rep is nul terminated */
198 #define MEM_Dyn 0x0400 /* Need to call sqliteFree() on Mem.z */
199 #define MEM_Static 0x0800 /* Mem.z points to a static string */
200 #define MEM_Ephem 0x1000 /* Mem.z points to an ephemeral string */
201 #define MEM_Agg 0x2000 /* Mem.z points to an agg function context */
202 #define MEM_Zero 0x4000 /* Mem.i contains count of 0s appended to blob */
203 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
205 #define MEM_Zero 0x0000
209 ** Clear any existing type flags from a Mem and replace them with f
211 #define MemSetTypeFlag(p, f) \
212 ((p)->flags = ((p)->flags&~(MEM_TypeMask|MEM_Zero))|f)
215 ** Return true if a memory cell is not marked as invalid. This macro
216 ** is for use inside assert() statements only.
219 #define memIsValid(M) ((M)->flags & MEM_Invalid)==0
223 /* A VdbeFunc is just a FuncDef (defined in sqliteInt.h) that contains
224 ** additional information about auxiliary information bound to arguments
225 ** of the function. This is used to implement the sqlite3_get_auxdata()
226 ** and sqlite3_set_auxdata() APIs. The "auxdata" is some auxiliary data
227 ** that can be associated with a constant argument to a function. This
228 ** allows functions such as "regexp" to compile their constant regular
229 ** expression argument once and reused the compiled code for multiple
233 FuncDef
*pFunc
; /* The definition of the function */
234 int nAux
; /* Number of entries allocated for apAux[] */
236 void *pAux
; /* Aux data for the i-th argument */
237 void (*xDelete
)(void *); /* Destructor for the aux data */
238 } apAux
[1]; /* One slot for each function argument */
242 ** The "context" argument for a installable function. A pointer to an
243 ** instance of this structure is the first argument to the routines used
244 ** implement the SQL functions.
246 ** There is a typedef for this structure in sqlite.h. So all routines,
247 ** even the public interface to SQLite, can use a pointer to this structure.
248 ** But this file is the only place where the internal details of this
249 ** structure are known.
251 ** This structure is defined inside of vdbeInt.h because it uses substructures
252 ** (Mem) which are only defined there.
254 struct sqlite3_context
{
255 FuncDef
*pFunc
; /* Pointer to function information. MUST BE FIRST */
256 VdbeFunc
*pVdbeFunc
; /* Auxilary data, if created. */
257 Mem s
; /* The return value is stored here */
258 Mem
*pMem
; /* Memory cell used to store aggregate context */
259 CollSeq
*pColl
; /* Collating sequence */
260 int isError
; /* Error code returned by the function. */
261 int skipFlag
; /* Skip skip accumulator loading if true */
265 ** An Explain object accumulates indented output which is helpful
266 ** in describing recursive data structures.
269 Vdbe
*pVdbe
; /* Attach the explanation to this Vdbe */
270 StrAccum str
; /* The string being accumulated */
271 int nIndent
; /* Number of elements in aIndent */
272 u16 aIndent
[100]; /* Levels of indentation */
273 char zBase
[100]; /* Initial space */
277 ** An instance of the virtual machine. This structure contains the complete
278 ** state of the virtual machine.
280 ** The "sqlite3_stmt" structure pointer that is returned by sqlite3_prepare()
281 ** is really a pointer to an instance of this structure.
283 ** The Vdbe.inVtabMethod variable is set to non-zero for the duration of
284 ** any virtual table method invocations made by the vdbe program. It is
285 ** set to 2 for xDestroy method calls and 1 for all other methods. This
286 ** variable is used for two purposes: to allow xDestroy methods to execute
287 ** "DROP TABLE" statements and to prevent some nasty side effects of
288 ** malloc failure when SQLite is invoked recursively by a virtual table
292 sqlite3
*db
; /* The database connection that owns this statement */
293 Op
*aOp
; /* Space to hold the virtual machine's program */
294 Mem
*aMem
; /* The memory locations */
295 Mem
**apArg
; /* Arguments to currently executing user function */
296 Mem
*aColName
; /* Column names to return */
297 Mem
*pResultSet
; /* Pointer to an array of results */
298 int nMem
; /* Number of memory locations currently allocated */
299 int nOp
; /* Number of instructions in the program */
300 int nOpAlloc
; /* Number of slots allocated for aOp[] */
301 int nLabel
; /* Number of labels used */
302 int *aLabel
; /* Space to hold the labels */
303 u16 nResColumn
; /* Number of columns in one row of the result set */
304 u16 nCursor
; /* Number of slots in apCsr[] */
305 u32 magic
; /* Magic number for sanity checking */
306 char *zErrMsg
; /* Error message written here */
307 Vdbe
*pPrev
,*pNext
; /* Linked list of VDBEs with the same Vdbe.db */
308 VdbeCursor
**apCsr
; /* One element of this array for each open cursor */
309 Mem
*aVar
; /* Values for the OP_Variable opcode. */
310 char **azVar
; /* Name of variables */
311 ynVar nVar
; /* Number of entries in aVar[] */
312 ynVar nzVar
; /* Number of entries in azVar[] */
313 u32 cacheCtr
; /* VdbeCursor row cache generation counter */
314 int pc
; /* The program counter */
315 int rc
; /* Value to return */
316 u8 errorAction
; /* Recovery action to do in case of an error */
317 u8 explain
; /* True if EXPLAIN present on SQL command */
318 u8 changeCntOn
; /* True to update the change-counter */
319 u8 expired
; /* True if the VM needs to be recompiled */
320 u8 runOnlyOnce
; /* Automatically expire on reset */
321 u8 minWriteFileFormat
; /* Minimum file format for writable database files */
322 u8 inVtabMethod
; /* See comments above */
323 u8 usesStmtJournal
; /* True if uses a statement journal */
324 u8 readOnly
; /* True for read-only statements */
325 u8 isPrepareV2
; /* True if prepared with prepare_v2() */
326 int nChange
; /* Number of db changes made since last reset */
327 yDbMask btreeMask
; /* Bitmask of db->aDb[] entries referenced */
328 yDbMask lockMask
; /* Subset of btreeMask that requires a lock */
329 int iStatement
; /* Statement number (or 0 if has not opened stmt) */
330 int aCounter
[3]; /* Counters used by sqlite3_stmt_status() */
331 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_TRACE
332 i64 startTime
; /* Time when query started - used for profiling */
334 i64 nFkConstraint
; /* Number of imm. FK constraints this VM */
335 i64 nStmtDefCons
; /* Number of def. constraints when stmt started */
336 char *zSql
; /* Text of the SQL statement that generated this */
337 void *pFree
; /* Free this when deleting the vdbe */
339 FILE *trace
; /* Write an execution trace here, if not NULL */
341 #ifdef SQLITE_ENABLE_TREE_EXPLAIN
342 Explain
*pExplain
; /* The explainer */
343 char *zExplain
; /* Explanation of data structures */
345 VdbeFrame
*pFrame
; /* Parent frame */
346 VdbeFrame
*pDelFrame
; /* List of frame objects to free on VM reset */
347 int nFrame
; /* Number of frames in pFrame list */
348 u32 expmask
; /* Binding to these vars invalidates VM */
349 SubProgram
*pProgram
; /* Linked list of all sub-programs used by VM */
350 int nOnceFlag
; /* Size of array aOnceFlag[] */
351 u8
*aOnceFlag
; /* Flags for OP_Once */
355 ** The following are allowed values for Vdbe.magic
357 #define VDBE_MAGIC_INIT 0x26bceaa5 /* Building a VDBE program */
358 #define VDBE_MAGIC_RUN 0xbdf20da3 /* VDBE is ready to execute */
359 #define VDBE_MAGIC_HALT 0x519c2973 /* VDBE has completed execution */
360 #define VDBE_MAGIC_DEAD 0xb606c3c8 /* The VDBE has been deallocated */
363 ** Function prototypes
365 void sqlite3VdbeFreeCursor(Vdbe
*, VdbeCursor
*);
366 void sqliteVdbePopStack(Vdbe
*,int);
367 int sqlite3VdbeCursorMoveto(VdbeCursor
*);
368 #if defined(SQLITE_DEBUG) || defined(VDBE_PROFILE)
369 void sqlite3VdbePrintOp(FILE*, int, Op
*);
371 u32
sqlite3VdbeSerialTypeLen(u32
);
372 u32
sqlite3VdbeSerialType(Mem
*, int);
373 u32
sqlite3VdbeSerialPut(unsigned char*, int, Mem
*, int);
374 u32
sqlite3VdbeSerialGet(const unsigned char*, u32
, Mem
*);
375 void sqlite3VdbeDeleteAuxData(VdbeFunc
*, int);
377 int sqlite2BtreeKeyCompare(BtCursor
*, const void *, int, int, int *);
378 int sqlite3VdbeIdxKeyCompare(VdbeCursor
*,UnpackedRecord
*,int*);
379 int sqlite3VdbeIdxRowid(sqlite3
*, BtCursor
*, i64
*);
380 int sqlite3MemCompare(const Mem
*, const Mem
*, const CollSeq
*);
381 int sqlite3VdbeExec(Vdbe
*);
382 int sqlite3VdbeList(Vdbe
*);
383 int sqlite3VdbeHalt(Vdbe
*);
384 int sqlite3VdbeChangeEncoding(Mem
*, int);
385 int sqlite3VdbeMemTooBig(Mem
*);
386 int sqlite3VdbeMemCopy(Mem
*, const Mem
*);
387 void sqlite3VdbeMemShallowCopy(Mem
*, const Mem
*, int);
388 void sqlite3VdbeMemMove(Mem
*, Mem
*);
389 int sqlite3VdbeMemNulTerminate(Mem
*);
390 int sqlite3VdbeMemSetStr(Mem
*, const char*, int, u8
, void(*)(void*));
391 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64(Mem
*, i64
);
392 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_FLOATING_POINT
393 # define sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble sqlite3VdbeMemSetInt64
395 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetDouble(Mem
*, double);
397 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetNull(Mem
*);
398 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetZeroBlob(Mem
*,int);
399 void sqlite3VdbeMemSetRowSet(Mem
*);
400 int sqlite3VdbeMemMakeWriteable(Mem
*);
401 int sqlite3VdbeMemStringify(Mem
*, int);
402 i64
sqlite3VdbeIntValue(Mem
*);
403 int sqlite3VdbeMemIntegerify(Mem
*);
404 double sqlite3VdbeRealValue(Mem
*);
405 void sqlite3VdbeIntegerAffinity(Mem
*);
406 int sqlite3VdbeMemRealify(Mem
*);
407 int sqlite3VdbeMemNumerify(Mem
*);
408 int sqlite3VdbeMemFromBtree(BtCursor
*,int,int,int,Mem
*);
409 void sqlite3VdbeMemRelease(Mem
*p
);
410 void sqlite3VdbeMemReleaseExternal(Mem
*p
);
411 #define VdbeMemRelease(X) \
412 if((X)->flags&(MEM_Agg|MEM_Dyn|MEM_RowSet|MEM_Frame)) \
413 sqlite3VdbeMemReleaseExternal(X);
414 int sqlite3VdbeMemFinalize(Mem
*, FuncDef
*);
415 const char *sqlite3OpcodeName(int);
416 int sqlite3VdbeMemGrow(Mem
*pMem
, int n
, int preserve
);
417 int sqlite3VdbeCloseStatement(Vdbe
*, int);
418 void sqlite3VdbeFrameDelete(VdbeFrame
*);
419 int sqlite3VdbeFrameRestore(VdbeFrame
*);
420 void sqlite3VdbeMemStoreType(Mem
*pMem
);
421 int sqlite3VdbeTransferError(Vdbe
*p
);
423 #ifdef SQLITE_OMIT_MERGE_SORT
424 # define sqlite3VdbeSorterInit(Y,Z) SQLITE_OK
425 # define sqlite3VdbeSorterWrite(X,Y,Z) SQLITE_OK
426 # define sqlite3VdbeSorterClose(Y,Z)
427 # define sqlite3VdbeSorterRowkey(Y,Z) SQLITE_OK
428 # define sqlite3VdbeSorterRewind(X,Y,Z) SQLITE_OK
429 # define sqlite3VdbeSorterNext(X,Y,Z) SQLITE_OK
430 # define sqlite3VdbeSorterCompare(X,Y,Z) SQLITE_OK
432 int sqlite3VdbeSorterInit(sqlite3
*, VdbeCursor
*);
433 void sqlite3VdbeSorterClose(sqlite3
*, VdbeCursor
*);
434 int sqlite3VdbeSorterRowkey(VdbeCursor
*, Mem
*);
435 int sqlite3VdbeSorterNext(sqlite3
*, VdbeCursor
*, int *);
436 int sqlite3VdbeSorterRewind(sqlite3
*, VdbeCursor
*, int *);
437 int sqlite3VdbeSorterWrite(sqlite3
*, VdbeCursor
*, Mem
*);
438 int sqlite3VdbeSorterCompare(VdbeCursor
*, Mem
*, int *);
441 #if !defined(SQLITE_OMIT_SHARED_CACHE) && SQLITE_THREADSAFE>0
442 void sqlite3VdbeEnter(Vdbe
*);
443 void sqlite3VdbeLeave(Vdbe
*);
445 # define sqlite3VdbeEnter(X)
446 # define sqlite3VdbeLeave(X)
450 void sqlite3VdbeMemAboutToChange(Vdbe
*,Mem
*);
453 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_FOREIGN_KEY
454 int sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(Vdbe
*, int);
456 # define sqlite3VdbeCheckFk(p,i) 0
459 int sqlite3VdbeMemTranslate(Mem
*, u8
);
461 void sqlite3VdbePrintSql(Vdbe
*);
462 void sqlite3VdbeMemPrettyPrint(Mem
*pMem
, char *zBuf
);
464 int sqlite3VdbeMemHandleBom(Mem
*pMem
);
466 #ifndef SQLITE_OMIT_INCRBLOB
467 int sqlite3VdbeMemExpandBlob(Mem
*);
468 #define ExpandBlob(P) (((P)->flags&MEM_Zero)?sqlite3VdbeMemExpandBlob(P):0)
470 #define sqlite3VdbeMemExpandBlob(x) SQLITE_OK
471 #define ExpandBlob(P) SQLITE_OK
474 #endif /* !defined(_VDBEINT_H_) */