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1 <?xml version='1.0'?> <!--*-nxml-*-->
2 <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
3   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.5/docbookx.dtd">
4 <!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
6 <refentry id="sd_journal_add_match" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
8   <refentryinfo>
9     <title>sd_journal_add_match</title>
10     <productname>systemd</productname>
11   </refentryinfo>
13   <refmeta>
14     <refentrytitle>sd_journal_add_match</refentrytitle>
15     <manvolnum>3</manvolnum>
16   </refmeta>
18   <refnamediv>
19     <refname>sd_journal_add_match</refname>
20     <refname>sd_journal_add_disjunction</refname>
21     <refname>sd_journal_add_conjunction</refname>
22     <refname>sd_journal_flush_matches</refname>
23     <refpurpose>Add or remove entry matches</refpurpose>
24   </refnamediv>
26   <refsynopsisdiv>
27     <funcsynopsis>
28       <funcsynopsisinfo>#include &lt;systemd/sd-journal.h&gt;</funcsynopsisinfo>
30       <funcprototype>
31         <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_add_match</function></funcdef>
32         <paramdef>sd_journal *<parameter>j</parameter></paramdef>
33         <paramdef>const void *<parameter>data</parameter></paramdef>
34         <paramdef>size_t <parameter>size</parameter></paramdef>
35       </funcprototype>
37       <funcprototype>
38         <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_add_disjunction</function></funcdef>
39         <paramdef>sd_journal *<parameter>j</parameter></paramdef>
40       </funcprototype>
42       <funcprototype>
43         <funcdef>int <function>sd_journal_add_conjunction</function></funcdef>
44         <paramdef>sd_journal *<parameter>j</parameter></paramdef>
45       </funcprototype>
47       <funcprototype>
48         <funcdef>void <function>sd_journal_flush_matches</function></funcdef>
49         <paramdef>sd_journal *<parameter>j</parameter></paramdef>
50       </funcprototype>
51     </funcsynopsis>
52   </refsynopsisdiv>
54   <refsect1>
55     <title>Description</title>
57     <para><function>sd_journal_add_match()</function> adds a match by
58     which to filter the entries of the journal file. Matches applied
59     with this call will filter what can be iterated through and read
60     from the journal file via calls like
61     <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_journal_next</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
62     and
63     <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_journal_get_data</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
64     Parameter <parameter>data</parameter> must be of the form
65     <literal><replaceable>FIELD</replaceable>=<replaceable>value</replaceable></literal>,
66     where the <replaceable>FIELD</replaceable> part is a short uppercase string consisting only
67     of 0–9, A–Z and the underscore; it may not begin with two underscores or be the empty
68     string. The <replaceable>value</replaceable> part may be anything, including binary. Parameter
69     <parameter>size</parameter> specifies the number of bytes in <parameter>data</parameter>
70     (i.e. the length of <replaceable>FIELD</replaceable>, plus one, plus the length of
71     <replaceable>value</replaceable>). Parameter <parameter>size</parameter> may also be
72     specified as <constant>0</constant>, in which case <parameter>data</parameter>
73     must be a <constant>NUL</constant>-terminated string, and the bytes before the terminating
74     zero are used as the match.</para>
76     <para>If a match is applied, only entries with this field set
77     will be iterated. Multiple matches may be active at the same time:
78     If they apply to different fields, only entries with both fields
79     set like this will be iterated. If they apply to the same fields,
80     only entries where the field takes one of the specified values
81     will be iterated. Well known fields are documented in
82     <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
83     Whenever a new match is added the current entry position is reset,
84     and
85     <citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_journal_next</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry>
86     (or a similar call) needs to be called before entries can be read
87     again.</para>
89     <para><function>sd_journal_add_disjunction()</function> may be
90     used to insert a disjunction (i.e. logical OR) in the match list.
91     If this call is invoked, all previously added matches since the
92     last invocation of
93     <function>sd_journal_add_disjunction()</function> or
94     <function>sd_journal_add_conjunction()</function> are combined in
95     an OR with all matches added afterwards, until
96     <function>sd_journal_add_disjunction()</function> or
97     <function>sd_journal_add_conjunction()</function> is invoked again
98     to begin the next OR or AND term. </para>
100     <para><function>sd_journal_add_conjunction()</function> may be
101     used to insert a conjunction (i.e. logical AND) in the match list.
102     If this call is invoked, all previously added matches since the
103     last invocation of
104     <function>sd_journal_add_conjunction()</function> are combined in
105     an AND with all matches added afterwards, until
106     <function>sd_journal_add_conjunction()</function> is invoked again
107     to begin the next AND term. The combination of
108     <function>sd_journal_add_match()</function>,
109     <function>sd_journal_add_disjunction()</function> and
110     <function>sd_journal_add_conjunction()</function> may be used to
111     build complex search terms, even though full logical expressions
112     are not available. Note that
113     <function>sd_journal_add_conjunction()</function> operates one
114     level 'higher' than
115     <function>sd_journal_add_disjunction()</function>. It is hence
116     possible to build an expression of AND terms, consisting of OR
117     terms, consisting of AND terms, consisting of OR terms of matches
118     (the latter OR expression is implicitly created for matches with
119     the same field name, see above).</para>
121     <para><function>sd_journal_flush_matches()</function> may be used
122     to flush all matches, disjunction and conjunction terms again.
123     After this call all filtering is removed and all entries in the
124     journal will be iterated again.</para>
126     <para>Note that filtering via matches only applies to the way the
127     journal is read, it has no effect on storage on disk.</para>
128   </refsect1>
130   <refsect1>
131     <title>Return Value</title>
133     <para><function>sd_journal_add_match()</function>,
134     <function>sd_journal_add_disjunction()</function> and
135     <function>sd_journal_add_conjunction()</function>
136     return 0 on success or a negative errno-style error
137     code. <function>sd_journal_flush_matches()</function>
138     returns nothing.</para>
139   </refsect1>
141   <xi:include href="libsystemd-pkgconfig.xml" />
143   <refsect1>
144     <title>Examples</title>
146     <para>The following example adds matches to a journal context
147     object to iterate only through messages generated by the Avahi
148     service at the four error log levels, plus all messages of the
149     message ID 03bb1dab98ab4ecfbf6fff2738bdd964 coming from any
150     service (this example lacks the necessary error checking):</para>
152     <programlisting>…
153 int add_matches(sd_journal *j) {
154   sd_journal_add_match(j, "_SYSTEMD_UNIT=avahi-daemon.service", 0);
155   sd_journal_add_match(j, "PRIORITY=0", 0);
156   sd_journal_add_match(j, "PRIORITY=1", 0);
157   sd_journal_add_match(j, "PRIORITY=2", 0);
158   sd_journal_add_match(j, "PRIORITY=3", 0);
159   sd_journal_add_disjunction(j);
160   sd_journal_add_match(j, "MESSAGE_ID=03bb1dab98ab4ecfbf6fff2738bdd964", 0);
161 }</programlisting>
162   </refsect1>
164   <refsect1>
165     <title>History</title>
166     <para><function>sd_journal_add_match()</function>,
167     <function>sd_journal_add_disjunction()</function>, and
168     <function>sd_journal_flush_matches()</function> were added in version 187.</para>
169     <para><function>sd_journal_add_conjunction()</function> was added in version 202.</para>
170   </refsect1>
172   <refsect1>
173     <title>See Also</title>
175     <para><simplelist type="inline">
176       <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
177       <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd-journal</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
178       <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_journal_open</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
179       <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_journal_next</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
180       <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>sd_journal_get_data</refentrytitle><manvolnum>3</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
181       <member><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.journal-fields</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry></member>
182     </simplelist></para>
183   </refsect1>
185 </refentry>