man/networkctl.xml

   1 <?xml version='1.0'?>
   2 <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
   3   "http://www.oasis-open.org/docbook/xml/4.2/docbookx.dtd">
   4 <!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
   5
   6 <refentry id="networkctl" conditional='ENABLE_NETWORKD'
   7           xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
   8
   9   <refentryinfo>
  10     <title>networkctl</title>
  11     <productname>systemd</productname>
  12   </refentryinfo>
  13
  14   <refmeta>
  15     <refentrytitle>networkctl</refentrytitle>
  16     <manvolnum>1</manvolnum>
  17   </refmeta>
  18
  19   <refnamediv>
  20     <refname>networkctl</refname>
  21     <refpurpose>Query or modify the status of network links</refpurpose>
  22   </refnamediv>
  23
  24   <refsynopsisdiv>
  25     <cmdsynopsis>
  26       <command>networkctl</command>
  27       <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">OPTIONS</arg>
  28       <arg choice="plain">COMMAND</arg>
  29       <arg choice="opt" rep="repeat">LINK</arg>
  30     </cmdsynopsis>
  31   </refsynopsisdiv>
  32
  33   <refsect1>
  34     <title>Description</title>
  35
  36     <para><command>networkctl</command> may be used to query or modify the
  37     state of the network links as seen by
  38     <command>systemd-networkd</command>.  Please refer to
  39     <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
  40     for an introduction to the basic concepts, functionality, and
  41     configuration syntax.</para>
  42   </refsect1>
  43
  44   <refsect1>
  45     <title>Commands</title>
  46
  47     <para>The following commands are understood:</para>
  48
  49     <variablelist>
  50       <varlistentry>
  51         <term>
  52           <command>list</command>
  53           <optional><replaceable>PATTERN…</replaceable></optional>
  54         </term>
  55
  56         <listitem>
  57           <para>Show a list of existing links and their status. If one or more
  58           <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified, only links matching one of them are shown.
  59           If no further arguments are specified shows all links,
  60           otherwise just the specified links. Produces output similar to:
  61
  62           <programlisting>IDX LINK         TYPE     OPERATIONAL SETUP
  63   1 lo           loopback carrier     unmanaged
  64   2 eth0         ether    routable    configured
  65   3 virbr0       ether    no-carrier  unmanaged
  66   4 virbr0-nic   ether    off         unmanaged
  67
  68 4 links listed.</programlisting></para>
  69
  70         <para>The operational status is one of the following:
  71             <variablelist>
  72               <varlistentry>
  73                 <term>missing</term>
  74                 <listitem>
  75                     <para>The device is missing.</para>
  76
  77                     <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v245"/>
  78                 </listitem>
  79               </varlistentry>
  80               <varlistentry>
  81                 <term>off</term>
  82                 <listitem>
  83                   <para>The device is powered down.</para>
  84
  85                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
  86                 </listitem>
  87               </varlistentry>
  88               <varlistentry>
  89                 <term>no-carrier</term>
  90                 <listitem>
  91                   <para>The device is powered up, but does not yet have a carrier.</para>
  92
  93                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
  94                 </listitem>
  95               </varlistentry>
  96               <varlistentry>
  97                 <term>dormant</term>
  98                 <listitem>
  99                   <para>The device has a carrier, but is not yet ready for normal traffic.</para>
 100
 101                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 102                 </listitem>
 103               </varlistentry>
 104               <varlistentry>
 105                 <term>degraded-carrier</term>
 106                 <listitem>
 107                   <para>One of the bonding or bridge slave network interfaces is in off, no-carrier, or
 108                   dormant state, and the master interface has no address.</para>
 109
 110                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v242"/>
 111                 </listitem>
 112               </varlistentry>
 113               <varlistentry>
 114                 <term>carrier</term>
 115                 <listitem>
 116                   <para>The link has carrier, or for bond or bridge master, all bonding or bridge slave
 117                   network interfaces are enslaved to the master.</para>
 118
 119                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 120                 </listitem>
 121               </varlistentry>
 122               <varlistentry>
 123                 <term>degraded</term>
 124                 <listitem>
 125                   <para>The link has carrier and addresses valid on the local link configured. For bond or
 126                   bridge master this means that not all slave network interfaces have carrier but at least
 127                   one does.</para>
 128
 129                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 130                 </listitem>
 131               </varlistentry>
 132               <varlistentry>
 133                 <term>enslaved</term>
 134                 <listitem>
 135                   <para>The link has carrier and is enslaved to bond or bridge master network interface.
 136                   </para>
 137
 138                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v242"/>
 139                 </listitem>
 140               </varlistentry>
 141               <varlistentry>
 142                 <term>routable</term>
 143                 <listitem>
 144                   <para>The link has carrier and routable address configured. For bond or bridge master it is
 145                   not necessary for all slave network interfaces to have carrier, but at least one must.</para>
 146
 147                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 148                 </listitem>
 149               </varlistentry>
 150             </variablelist>
 151         </para>
 152
 153         <para>The setup status is one of the following:
 154             <variablelist>
 155               <varlistentry>
 156                 <term>pending</term>
 157                 <listitem>
 158                   <para><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 159                   is still processing the link, we don't yet know if we will manage it.</para>
 160
 161                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 162                 </listitem>
 163               </varlistentry>
 164               <varlistentry>
 165                 <term>initialized</term>
 166                 <listitem>
 167                   <para><citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 168                   has processed the link, but we don't yet know if we will manage it.</para>
 169
 170                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v251"/>
 171                 </listitem>
 172               </varlistentry>
 173               <varlistentry>
 174                 <term>configuring</term>
 175                 <listitem>
 176                   <para>Configuration for the link is being retrieved or the link is being configured.</para>
 177
 178                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 179                 </listitem>
 180               </varlistentry>
 181               <varlistentry>
 182                 <term>configured</term>
 183                 <listitem>
 184                   <para>Link has been configured successfully.</para>
 185
 186                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 187                 </listitem>
 188               </varlistentry>
 189               <varlistentry>
 190                 <term>unmanaged</term>
 191                 <listitem>
 192                   <para><command>systemd-networkd</command> is not handling the link.</para>
 193
 194                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 195                 </listitem>
 196               </varlistentry>
 197               <varlistentry>
 198                 <term>failed</term>
 199                 <listitem>
 200                   <para><command>systemd-networkd</command> failed to configure the link.</para>
 201
 202                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 203                 </listitem>
 204               </varlistentry>
 205               <varlistentry>
 206                 <term>linger</term>
 207                 <listitem>
 208                   <para>The link is gone, but has not yet been dropped by <command>systemd-networkd</command>.</para>
 209
 210                   <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v240"/>
 211                 </listitem>
 212               </varlistentry>
 213             </variablelist>
 214         </para>
 215
 216         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v219"/>
 217         </listitem>
 218       </varlistentry>
 219
 220       <varlistentry>
 221         <term>
 222           <command>status</command>
 223           <optional><replaceable>PATTERN…</replaceable></optional>
 224         </term>
 225
 226         <listitem>
 227           <para>Show information about the specified links: type, state, kernel module driver, hardware and
 228           IP address, configured DNS servers, etc. If one or more <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are
 229           specified, only links matching one of them are shown.</para>
 230
 231           <para>When no links are specified, an overall network status is shown. Also see the option
 232           <option>--all</option>.</para>
 233
 234           <para>Produces output similar to:
 235           <programlisting>
 236 ●        State: routable
 237   Online state: online
 238        Address: 10.193.76.5 on eth0
 239                 192.168.122.1 on virbr0
 240                 169.254.190.105 on eth0
 241                 fe80::5054:aa:bbbb:cccc on eth0
 242        Gateway: 10.193.11.1 (CISCO SYSTEMS, INC.) on eth0
 243            DNS: 8.8.8.8
 244                 8.8.4.4</programlisting></para>
 245
 246           <para>In the overall network status, the online state depends on the individual online state of all
 247           required links. Managed links are required for online by default. In this case, the online state is
 248           one of the following:
 249           <variablelist>
 250             <varlistentry>
 251               <term>unknown</term>
 252               <listitem>
 253                 <para>All links have unknown online status (i.e. there are no required links).</para>
 254
 255                 <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v249"/>
 256               </listitem>
 257             </varlistentry>
 258             <varlistentry>
 259               <term>offline</term>
 260               <listitem>
 261                 <para>All required links are offline.</para>
 262
 263                 <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v249"/>
 264               </listitem>
 265             </varlistentry>
 266             <varlistentry>
 267               <term>partial</term>
 268               <listitem>
 269                 <para>Some, but not all, required links are online.</para>
 270
 271                 <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v249"/>
 272               </listitem>
 273             </varlistentry>
 274             <varlistentry>
 275               <term>online</term>
 276               <listitem>
 277                 <para>All required links are online.</para>
 278
 279                 <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v249"/>
 280               </listitem>
 281             </varlistentry>
 282           </variablelist>
 283           </para>
 284
 285           <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v219"/>
 286         </listitem>
 287
 288       </varlistentry>
 289
 290       <varlistentry>
 291         <term>
 292           <command>lldp</command>
 293           <optional><replaceable>PATTERN…</replaceable></optional>
 294         </term>
 295
 296         <listitem>
 297           <para>Show discovered LLDP (Link Layer Discovery Protocol) neighbors. If one or more
 298           <replaceable>PATTERN</replaceable>s are specified only neighbors on those interfaces are shown.
 299           Otherwise shows discovered neighbors on all interfaces. Note that for this feature to work,
 300           <varname>LLDP=</varname> must be turned on for the specific interface, see
 301           <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry> for
 302           details.</para>
 303
 304           <para>Produces output similar to:
 305           <programlisting>LINK             CHASSIS ID        SYSTEM NAME      CAPS        PORT ID           PORT DESCRIPTION
 306 enp0s25          00:e0:4c:00:00:00 GS1900           ..b........ 2                 Port #2
 307
 308 Capability Flags:
 309 o - Other; p - Repeater;  b - Bridge; w - WLAN Access Point; r - Router;
 310 t - Telephone; d - DOCSIS cable device; a - Station; c - Customer VLAN;
 311 s - Service VLAN, m - Two-port MAC Relay (TPMR)
 312
 313 1 neighbors listed.</programlisting></para>
 314
 315           <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v219"/>
 316         </listitem>
 317       </varlistentry>
 318
 319       <varlistentry>
 320         <term>
 321           <command>label</command>
 322         </term>
 323
 324         <listitem><para>Show numerical address labels that can be used for address selection.
 325         This is the same information that
 326         <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>ip-addrlabel</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 327         shows. See <ulink url="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3484">RFC 3484</ulink>
 328         for a discussion of address labels.</para>
 329
 330         <para>Produces output similar to:
 331         <programlisting>Prefix/Prefixlen                          Label
 332         ::/0                                  1
 333     fc00::/7                                  5
 334     fec0::/10                                11
 335     2002::/16                                 2
 336     3ffe::/16                                12
 337  2001:10::/28                                 7
 338     2001::/32                                 6
 339 ::ffff:0.0.0.0/96                             4
 340         ::/96                                 3
 341        ::1/128                                0</programlisting></para>
 342
 343         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v234"/>
 344         </listitem>
 345       </varlistentry>
 346
 347        <varlistentry>
 348         <term>
 349           <command>delete</command>
 350           <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
 351         </term>
 352         <listitem><para>Deletes virtual netdevs. Takes interface name or index number.</para>
 353
 354         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v243"/></listitem>
 355       </varlistentry>
 356
 357        <varlistentry>
 358         <term>
 359           <command>up</command>
 360           <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
 361         </term>
 362         <listitem><para>Bring devices up. Takes interface name or index number.</para>
 363
 364         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v246"/></listitem>
 365       </varlistentry>
 366
 367        <varlistentry>
 368         <term>
 369           <command>down</command>
 370           <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
 371         </term>
 372         <listitem><para>Bring devices down. Takes interface name or index number.</para>
 373
 374         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v246"/></listitem>
 375       </varlistentry>
 376
 377        <varlistentry>
 378         <term>
 379           <command>renew</command>
 380           <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
 381         </term>
 382         <listitem><para>Renew dynamic configurations e.g. addresses received from DHCP server.
 383         Takes interface name or index number.</para>
 384
 385         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v244"/></listitem>
 386       </varlistentry>
 387
 388       <varlistentry>
 389         <term>
 390           <command>forcerenew</command>
 391           <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
 392         </term>
 393         <listitem><para>Send a FORCERENEW message to all connected clients, triggering DHCP reconfiguration.
 394         Takes interface name or index number.</para>
 395
 396         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v246"/></listitem>
 397       </varlistentry>
 398
 399       <varlistentry>
 400         <term>
 401           <command>reconfigure</command>
 402           <replaceable>DEVICE…</replaceable>
 403         </term>
 404         <listitem><para>Reconfigure network interfaces. Takes interface name or index number. Note that
 405         this does not reload <filename>.netdev</filename> or <filename>.network</filename>
 406         corresponding to the specified interface. So, if you edit config files, it is necessary to call
 407         <command>networkctl reload</command> first to apply new settings.</para>
 408
 409         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v244"/></listitem>
 410       </varlistentry>
 411
 412       <varlistentry>
 413         <term>
 414           <command>reload</command>
 415         </term>
 416         <listitem><para>Reload <filename>.netdev</filename> and <filename>.network</filename> files.
 417         If a new <filename>.netdev</filename> file is found, then the corresponding netdev is created.
 418         Note that even if an existing <filename>.netdev</filename> is modified or removed,
 419         <command>systemd-networkd</command> does not update or remove the netdev.
 420         If a new, modified or removed <filename>.network</filename> file is found, then all interfaces
 421         which match the file are reconfigured.</para>
 422
 423         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v244"/></listitem>
 424       </varlistentry>
 425
 426       <varlistentry>
 427         <term>
 428           <command>edit</command>
 429           <replaceable>FILE</replaceable>|<replaceable>@DEVICE</replaceable>…
 430         </term>
 431         <listitem><para>Edit network configuration files, which include <filename>.network</filename>,
 432         <filename>.netdev</filename>, and <filename>.link</filename> files. If no network config file
 433         matching the given name is found, a new one will be created under <filename>/etc/</filename>.
 434         Specially, if the name is prefixed by <literal>@</literal>, it will be treated as
 435         a network interface, and editing will be performed on the network config files associated
 436         with it. Additionally, the interface name can be suffixed with <literal>:network</literal> (default)
 437         or <literal>:link</literal>, in order to choose the type of network config to operate on.</para>
 438
 439         <para>If <option>--drop-in=</option> is specified, edit the drop-in file instead of
 440         the main configuration file. Unless <option>--no-reload</option> is specified,
 441         <command>systemd-networkd</command> will be reloaded after the edit of the
 442         <filename>.network</filename> or <filename>.netdev</filename> files finishes.
 443         The same applies for <filename>.link</filename> files and
 444         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
 445         Note that the changed link settings are not automatically applied after reloading.
 446         To achieve that, trigger uevents for the corresponding interface. Refer to
 447         <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.link</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 448         for more information.</para>
 449
 450         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v254"/></listitem>
 451       </varlistentry>
 452
 453       <varlistentry>
 454         <term>
 455           <command>cat</command>
 456           <replaceable>FILE</replaceable>|<replaceable>@DEVICE</replaceable>…
 457         </term>
 458         <listitem><para>Show network configuration files. This command honors
 459         the <literal>@</literal> prefix in the same way as <command>edit</command>.</para>
 460
 461         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v254"/></listitem>
 462       </varlistentry>
 463     </variablelist>
 464   </refsect1>
 465
 466   <refsect1>
 467     <title>Options</title>
 468
 469     <para>The following options are understood:</para>
 470
 471     <variablelist>
 472       <varlistentry>
 473         <term>
 474           <option>-a</option>
 475           <option>--all</option>
 476         </term>
 477
 478         <listitem>
 479           <para>Show all links with <command>status</command>.</para>
 480
 481           <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v219"/>
 482         </listitem>
 483       </varlistentry>
 484
 485       <varlistentry>
 486         <term>
 487           <option>-s</option>
 488           <option>--stats</option>
 489         </term>
 490
 491         <listitem>
 492           <para>Show link statistics with <command>status</command>.</para>
 493
 494           <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v243"/>
 495         </listitem>
 496       </varlistentry>
 497
 498       <varlistentry>
 499         <term><option>-l</option></term>
 500         <term><option>--full</option></term>
 501
 502         <listitem>
 503           <para>Do not ellipsize the output.</para>
 504
 505           <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v245"/>
 506         </listitem>
 507       </varlistentry>
 508
 509       <varlistentry>
 510         <term><option>-n</option></term>
 511         <term><option>--lines=</option></term>
 512
 513         <listitem>
 514           <para>When used with <command>status</command>, controls the number of journal lines to show,
 515           counting from the most recent ones. Takes a positive integer argument. Defaults to 10.</para>
 516
 517           <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v245"/>
 518         </listitem>
 519       </varlistentry>
 520
 521       <varlistentry>
 522         <term><option>--drop-in=</option><replaceable>NAME</replaceable></term>
 523
 524         <listitem>
 525           <para>When used with <command>edit</command>, edit the drop-in file <replaceable>NAME</replaceable>
 526           instead of the main configuration file.</para>
 527
 528           <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v254"/>
 529         </listitem>
 530       </varlistentry>
 531
 532       <varlistentry>
 533         <term><option>--no-reload</option></term>
 534
 535         <listitem>
 536           <para>When used with <command>edit</command>,
 537           <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 538           or
 539           <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-udevd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 540           will not be reloaded after the editing finishes.</para>
 541
 542         <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v254"/>
 543         </listitem>
 544       </varlistentry>
 545
 546       <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="json" />
 547       <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="help" />
 548       <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="version" />
 549       <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-legend" />
 550       <xi:include href="standard-options.xml" xpointer="no-pager" />
 551
 552     </variablelist>
 553   </refsect1>
 554
 555   <refsect1>
 556     <title>Exit status</title>
 557
 558     <para>On success, 0 is returned, a non-zero failure code otherwise.</para>
 559   </refsect1>
 560
 561   <refsect1>
 562     <title>See Also</title>
 563     <para>
 564       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd-networkd.service</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
 565       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.network</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
 566       <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.netdev</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
 567       <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>ip</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>
 568     </para>
 569   </refsect1>
 570 </refentry>