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2 <!DOCTYPE refentry PUBLIC "-//OASIS//DTD DocBook XML V4.5//EN"
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4 <!-- SPDX-License-Identifier: LGPL-2.1-or-later -->
6 <refentry id="systemd.automount" xmlns:xi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XInclude">
8 <title>systemd.automount</title>
9 <productname>systemd</productname>
13 <refentrytitle>systemd.automount</refentrytitle>
14 <manvolnum>5</manvolnum>
18 <refname>systemd.automount</refname>
19 <refpurpose>Automount unit configuration</refpurpose>
23 <para><filename><replaceable>automount</replaceable>.automount</filename></para>
27 <title>Description</title>
29 <para>A unit configuration file whose name ends in <literal>.automount</literal> encodes information
30 about a file system automount point controlled and supervised by systemd. Automount units may be used to
31 implement on-demand mounting as well as parallelized mounting of file systems.</para>
33 <para>This man page lists the configuration options specific to
35 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
36 for the common options of all unit configuration files. The common
37 configuration items are configured in the generic [Unit] and
38 [Install] sections. The automount specific configuration options
39 are configured in the [Automount] section.</para>
41 <para>Automount units must be named after the automount directories they control. Example: the automount
42 point <filename index="false">/home/lennart</filename> must be configured in a unit file
43 <filename>home-lennart.automount</filename>. For details about the escaping logic used to convert a file
44 system path to a unit name see
45 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>. Note
46 that automount units cannot be templated, nor is it possible to add multiple names to an automount unit
47 by creating symlinks to its unit file.</para>
49 <para>For each automount unit file a matching mount unit file (see
50 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
51 for details) must exist which is activated when the automount path
52 is accessed. Example: if an automount unit
53 <filename>home-lennart.automount</filename> is active and the user
54 accesses <filename>/home/lennart</filename> the mount unit
55 <filename>home-lennart.mount</filename> will be activated.</para>
57 <para>Note that automount units are separate from the mount itself, so you
58 should not set <varname>After=</varname> or <varname>Requires=</varname>
59 for mount dependencies here. For example, you should not set
60 <varname>After=network-online.target</varname> or similar on network
61 filesystems. Doing so may result in an ordering cycle.</para>
63 <para>Note that automount support on Linux is privileged, automount units are hence only available in the
64 system service manager (and root's user service manager), but not in unprivileged users' service
67 <para>Note that automount units should not be nested. (The establishment of the inner automount point
68 would unconditionally pin the outer mount point, defeating its purpose.)</para>
72 <title>Automatic Dependencies</title>
75 <title>Implicit Dependencies</title>
77 <para>The following dependencies are implicitly added:</para>
80 <listitem><para>If an automount unit is beneath another mount unit in the file system hierarchy, a
81 requirement and ordering dependencies are created to the on the unit higher in the hierarchy.
84 <listitem><para>An implicit <varname>Before=</varname> dependency is created between an automount
85 unit and the mount unit it activates.</para></listitem>
90 <title>Default Dependencies</title>
92 <para>The following dependencies are added unless <varname>DefaultDependencies=no</varname> is set:</para>
95 <listitem><para>Automount units acquire automatic <varname>Before=</varname> and
96 <varname>Conflicts=</varname> on <filename>umount.target</filename> in order to be stopped during
97 shutdown.</para></listitem>
99 <listitem><para>Automount units automatically gain an <varname>After=</varname> dependency
100 on <filename>local-fs-pre.target</filename>, and a <varname>Before=</varname> dependency on
101 <filename>local-fs.target</filename>.</para></listitem>
107 <title><filename>fstab</filename></title>
109 <para>Automount units may either be configured via unit files, or
110 via <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> (see
111 <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>fstab</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>
114 <para>For details how systemd parses
115 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> see
116 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.</para>
118 <para>If an automount point is configured in both
119 <filename>/etc/fstab</filename> and a unit file, the configuration
120 in the latter takes precedence.</para>
124 <title>Options</title>
126 <para>Automount unit files may include [Unit] and [Install] sections, which are described in
127 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>.
130 <para>Automount unit files must include an [Automount] section, which
131 carries information about the file system automount points it
132 supervises. The options specific to the [Automount] section of
133 automount units are the following:</para>
135 <variablelist class='unit-directives'>
138 <term><varname>Where=</varname></term>
139 <listitem><para>Takes an absolute path of a directory of the
140 automount point. If the automount point does not exist at time
141 that the automount point is installed, it is created. This
142 string must be reflected in the unit filename. (See above.)
143 This option is mandatory.</para></listitem>
147 <term><varname>ExtraOptions=</varname></term>
148 <listitem><para>Extra mount options to use when creating the autofs
149 mountpoint. This takes a comma-separated list of options. This setting
150 is optional. Note that the usual specifier expansion is applied to this
151 setting, literal percent characters should hence be written as
152 <literal class='specifiers'>%%</literal>.</para>
154 <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v250"/></listitem>
158 <term><varname>DirectoryMode=</varname></term>
159 <listitem><para>Directories of automount points (and any
160 parent directories) are automatically created if needed. This
161 option specifies the file system access mode used when
162 creating these directories. Takes an access mode in octal
163 notation. Defaults to 0755.</para></listitem>
167 <term><varname>TimeoutIdleSec=</varname></term>
168 <listitem><para>Configures an idle timeout. Once the mount has been
169 idle for the specified time, systemd will attempt to unmount. Takes a
170 unit-less value in seconds, or a time span value such as "5min 20s".
171 Pass 0 to disable the timeout logic. The timeout is disabled by
174 <xi:include href="version-info.xml" xpointer="v220"/></listitem>
178 <xi:include href="systemd.service.xml" xpointer="shared-unit-options" />
182 <title>See Also</title>
184 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
185 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemctl</refentrytitle><manvolnum>1</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
186 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.unit</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
187 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>5</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
188 <citerefentry project='man-pages'><refentrytitle>mount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
189 <citerefentry project='die-net'><refentrytitle>automount</refentrytitle><manvolnum>8</manvolnum></citerefentry>,
190 <citerefentry><refentrytitle>systemd.directives</refentrytitle><manvolnum>7</manvolnum></citerefentry>