* improve similar pkg suggestions and share code in core-functions for all scripts...

[t2sde.git] / package / kernel / linux / restore-reiserfs.patch

# --- T2-COPYRIGHT-BEGIN ---
# t2/package/*/linux/restore-reiserfs.patch
# Copyright (C) 2025 The T2 SDE Project
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 or patched project license
# --- T2-COPYRIGHT-END ---

diff --git a/Documentation/filesystems/porting.rst b/Documentation/filesystems/porting.rst
index 9ab2a3d6f2b4..92bffcc6747a 100644
--- a/Documentation/filesystems/porting.rst
+++ b/Documentation/filesystems/porting.rst
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ settles down a bit.
 **mandatory**
 
 s_export_op is now required for exporting a filesystem.
-isofs, ext2, ext3, fat
+isofs, ext2, ext3, reiserfs, fat
 can be used as examples of very different filesystems.
 
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst b/Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst
index 243f1f1b554a..e4be1378ba26 100644
--- a/Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst
+++ b/Documentation/userspace-api/ioctl/ioctl-number.rst
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ Code  Seq#    Include File                                           Comments
 0xCB  00-1F                                                          CBM serial IEC bus in development:
                                                                      <mailto:michael.klein@puffin.lb.shuttle.de>
 0xCC  00-0F  drivers/misc/ibmvmc.h                                   pseries VMC driver
-0xCD  01     linux/reiserfs_fs.h                                     Dead since 6.13
+0xCD  01     linux/reiserfs_fs.h
 0xCE  01-02  uapi/linux/cxl_mem.h                                    Compute Express Link Memory Devices
 0xCF  02     fs/smb/client/cifs_ioctl.h
 0xDB  00-0F  drivers/char/mwave/mwavepub.h
diff --git a/MAINTAINERS b/MAINTAINERS
index f90a5a415218..2b3797676c9e 100644
--- a/MAINTAINERS
+++ b/MAINTAINERS
@@ -19605,6 +19605,11 @@ F:     Documentation/devicetree/bindings/regmap/
 F:     drivers/base/regmap/
 F:     include/linux/regmap.h
 
+REISERFS FILE SYSTEM
+L:     reiserfs-devel@vger.kernel.org
+S:     Obsolete
+F:     fs/reiserfs/
+
 REMOTE PROCESSOR (REMOTEPROC) SUBSYSTEM
 M:     Bjorn Andersson <andersson@kernel.org>
 M:     Mathieu Poirier <mathieu.poirier@linaro.org>
diff --git a/arch/alpha/configs/defconfig b/arch/alpha/configs/defconfig
index 3280bd9e6578..1816c1dc22b1 100644
--- a/arch/alpha/configs/defconfig
+++ b/arch/alpha/configs/defconfig
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ CONFIG_SERIAL_8250_CONSOLE=y
 CONFIG_RTC_CLASS=y
 CONFIG_RTC_DRV_CMOS=y
 CONFIG_EXT2_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_ISO9660_FS=y
 CONFIG_MSDOS_FS=y
 CONFIG_VFAT_FS=y
diff --git a/arch/arm/configs/pxa_defconfig b/arch/arm/configs/pxa_defconfig
index 38916ac4bce4..e1cb170c2bf0 100644
--- a/arch/arm/configs/pxa_defconfig
+++ b/arch/arm/configs/pxa_defconfig
@@ -583,6 +583,10 @@ CONFIG_EXT2_FS_SECURITY=y
 CONFIG_EXT3_FS=y
 CONFIG_EXT3_FS_POSIX_ACL=y
 CONFIG_EXT3_FS_SECURITY=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_SECURITY=y
 CONFIG_XFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_FUSE_FS=m
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/amiga_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/amiga_defconfig
index c705247e7b5b..a70aec9a05c4 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/amiga_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/amiga_defconfig
@@ -449,6 +449,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_RP5C01=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/apollo_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/apollo_defconfig
index 6d62b9187a58..312853f3d26a 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/apollo_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/apollo_defconfig
@@ -406,6 +406,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/atari_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/atari_defconfig
index c3c644df852d..0853e4358de9 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/atari_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/atari_defconfig
@@ -426,6 +426,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/bvme6000_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/bvme6000_defconfig
index 20261f819691..f738202d1f36 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/bvme6000_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/bvme6000_defconfig
@@ -398,6 +398,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/hp300_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/hp300_defconfig
index ce4fe93a0f70..74f74e03ccc9 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/hp300_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/hp300_defconfig
@@ -408,6 +408,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/mac_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/mac_defconfig
index 040ae75f47c3..14c8f1b374aa 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/mac_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/mac_defconfig
@@ -425,6 +425,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/multi_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/multi_defconfig
index f8edc9082724..41c8112c6d0d 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/multi_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/multi_defconfig
@@ -511,6 +511,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/mvme147_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/mvme147_defconfig
index 71fc71bb660e..e72d37ee90a7 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/mvme147_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/mvme147_defconfig
@@ -397,6 +397,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/mvme16x_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/mvme16x_defconfig
index 41072e68028e..733f1fc9a50a 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/mvme16x_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/mvme16x_defconfig
@@ -398,6 +398,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/q40_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/q40_defconfig
index e4c30e2b9bbb..3efe25435561 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/q40_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/q40_defconfig
@@ -415,6 +415,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/sun3_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/sun3_defconfig
index 980843a9ea1e..1b8ea0e7acb4 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/sun3_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/sun3_defconfig
@@ -396,6 +396,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/m68k/configs/sun3x_defconfig b/arch/m68k/configs/sun3x_defconfig
index 38681cc6b598..5bda93f6a200 100644
--- a/arch/m68k/configs/sun3x_defconfig
+++ b/arch/m68k/configs/sun3x_defconfig
@@ -396,6 +396,7 @@ CONFIG_RTC_DRV_GENERIC=m
 # CONFIG_IOMMU_SUPPORT is not set
 CONFIG_DAX=m
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_JFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_OCFS2_FS=m
 # CONFIG_OCFS2_DEBUG_MASKLOG is not set
diff --git a/arch/sh/configs/landisk_defconfig b/arch/sh/configs/landisk_defconfig
index d871623955c5..0311380160f4 100644
--- a/arch/sh/configs/landisk_defconfig
+++ b/arch/sh/configs/landisk_defconfig
@@ -95,6 +95,7 @@ CONFIG_USB_SISUSBVGA=m
 CONFIG_EXT2_FS=y
 CONFIG_EXT3_FS=y
 # CONFIG_EXT3_DEFAULTS_TO_ORDERED is not set
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=y
 CONFIG_ISO9660_FS=m
 CONFIG_MSDOS_FS=y
 CONFIG_VFAT_FS=y
diff --git a/arch/sh/configs/titan_defconfig b/arch/sh/configs/titan_defconfig
index 99bc0e889287..c1032559ecd4 100644
--- a/arch/sh/configs/titan_defconfig
+++ b/arch/sh/configs/titan_defconfig
@@ -220,6 +220,7 @@ CONFIG_EXT2_FS=y
 CONFIG_EXT3_FS=y
 # CONFIG_EXT3_DEFAULTS_TO_ORDERED is not set
 # CONFIG_EXT3_FS_XATTR is not set
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_XFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_FUSE_FS=m
 CONFIG_ISO9660_FS=m
diff --git a/arch/um/configs/i386_defconfig b/arch/um/configs/i386_defconfig
index 9c9c77f1255a..e543cbac8792 100644
--- a/arch/um/configs/i386_defconfig
+++ b/arch/um/configs/i386_defconfig
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ CONFIG_UML_NET_DAEMON=y
 CONFIG_UML_NET_MCAST=y
 CONFIG_UML_NET_SLIRP=y
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=y
 CONFIG_QUOTA=y
 CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_ISO9660_FS=m
diff --git a/arch/um/configs/x86_64_defconfig b/arch/um/configs/x86_64_defconfig
index 03b10d3f6816..939cb12318ca 100644
--- a/arch/um/configs/x86_64_defconfig
+++ b/arch/um/configs/x86_64_defconfig
@@ -59,6 +59,7 @@ CONFIG_UML_NET_DAEMON=y
 CONFIG_UML_NET_MCAST=y
 CONFIG_UML_NET_SLIRP=y
 CONFIG_EXT4_FS=y
+CONFIG_REISERFS_FS=y
 CONFIG_QUOTA=y
 CONFIG_AUTOFS_FS=m
 CONFIG_ISO9660_FS=m
diff --git a/drivers/block/Kconfig b/drivers/block/Kconfig
index a97f2c40c640..ed209f4f2798 100644
--- a/drivers/block/Kconfig
+++ b/drivers/block/Kconfig
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ config BLK_DEV_UBD_SYNC
           kernel command line option.  Alternatively, you can say Y here to
           turn on synchronous operation by default for all block devices.
 
-          If you're running a journalling file system (like xfs, for
+          If you're running a journalling file system (like reiserfs, for
           example) in your virtual machine, you will want to say Y here.  If
           you care for the safety of the data in your virtual machine, Y is a
           wise choice too.  In all other cases (for example, if you're just
diff --git a/fs/Kconfig b/fs/Kconfig
index 64d420e3c475..aae170fc2795 100644
--- a/fs/Kconfig
+++ b/fs/Kconfig
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ config FS_MBCACHE
        default y if EXT4_FS=y
        default m if EXT2_FS_XATTR || EXT4_FS
 
+source "fs/reiserfs/Kconfig"
 source "fs/jfs/Kconfig"
 
 source "fs/xfs/Kconfig"
diff --git a/fs/Makefile b/fs/Makefile
index 15df0a923d3a..61679fd587b7 100644
--- a/fs/Makefile
+++ b/fs/Makefile
@@ -61,6 +61,7 @@ obj-$(CONFIG_DLM)             += dlm/
  
 # Do not add any filesystems before this line
 obj-$(CONFIG_NETFS_SUPPORT)    += netfs/
+obj-$(CONFIG_REISERFS_FS)      += reiserfs/
 obj-$(CONFIG_EXT4_FS)          += ext4/
 # We place ext4 before ext2 so that clean ext3 root fs's do NOT mount using the
 # ext2 driver, which doesn't know about journalling!  Explicitly request ext2
diff --git a/fs/buffer.c b/fs/buffer.c
index b158cb7a5038..bb4a31b9559d 100644
--- a/fs/buffer.c
+++ b/fs/buffer.c
@@ -855,7 +855,8 @@ static int fsync_buffers_list(spinlock_t *lock, struct list_head *list)
  * done a sync().  Just drop the buffers from the inode list.
  *
  * NOTE: we take the inode's blockdev's mapping's i_private_lock.  Which
- * assumes that all the buffers are against the blockdev.
+ * assumes that all the buffers are against the blockdev.  Not true
+ * for reiserfs.
  */
 void invalidate_inode_buffers(struct inode *inode)
 {
diff --git a/fs/quota/Kconfig b/fs/quota/Kconfig
index 818083a36bef..4c925e55dbcd 100644
--- a/fs/quota/Kconfig
+++ b/fs/quota/Kconfig
@@ -9,13 +9,14 @@ config QUOTA
        help
          If you say Y here, you will be able to set per user limits for disk
          usage (also called disk quotas). Currently, it works for the
-         ext2, ext3, ext4, f2fs, jfs and ocfs2 file systems. Note that gfs2
-         and xfs use their own quota system. Ext3 and ext4 also support
-         journaled quotas for which you don't need to run quotacheck(8) after
-         an unclean shutdown. For further details, read the Quota mini-HOWTO,
-         available from <https://www.tldp.org/docs.html#howto>, or the
-         documentation provided with the quota tools. Probably the quota
-         support is only useful for multi user systems. If unsure, say N.
+         ext2, ext3, ext4, f2fs, jfs, ocfs2 and reiserfs file systems.
+         Note that gfs2 and xfs use their own quota system.
+         Ext3, ext4 and reiserfs also support journaled quotas for which
+         you don't need to run quotacheck(8) after an unclean shutdown.
+         For further details, read the Quota mini-HOWTO, available from
+         <https://www.tldp.org/docs.html#howto>, or the documentation provided
+         with the quota tools. Probably the quota support is only useful for
+         multi user systems. If unsure, say N.
 
 config QUOTA_NETLINK_INTERFACE
        bool "Report quota messages through netlink interface"
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/Kconfig b/fs/reiserfs/Kconfig
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0e6fe26458fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/Kconfig
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
+config REISERFS_FS
+       tristate "Reiserfs support (deprecated)"
+       select BUFFER_HEAD
+       select CRC32
+       select LEGACY_DIRECT_IO
+       help
+         Reiserfs is deprecated and scheduled to be removed from the kernel
+         in 2025. If you are still using it, please migrate to another
+         filesystem or tell us your usecase for reiserfs.
+
+         Reiserfs stores not just filenames but the files themselves in a
+         balanced tree.  Uses journalling.
+
+         Balanced trees are more efficient than traditional file system
+         architectural foundations.
+
+         In general, ReiserFS is as fast as ext2, but is very efficient with
+         large directories and small files.  Additional patches are needed
+         for NFS and quotas, please see 
+         <https://reiser4.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Main_Page> for links.
+
+         It is more easily extended to have features currently found in
+         database and keyword search systems than block allocation based file
+         systems are.  The next version will be so extended, and will support
+         plugins consistent with our motto ``It takes more than a license to
+         make source code open.''
+
+         Read <https://reiser4.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Main_Page> 
+         to learn more about reiserfs.
+
+         Sponsored by Threshold Networks, Emusic.com, and Bigstorage.com.
+
+         If you like it, you can pay us to add new features to it that you
+         need, buy a support contract, or pay us to port it to another OS.
+
+config REISERFS_CHECK
+       bool "Enable reiserfs debug mode"
+       depends on REISERFS_FS
+       help
+         If you set this to Y, then ReiserFS will perform every check it can
+         possibly imagine of its internal consistency throughout its
+         operation.  It will also go substantially slower.  More than once we
+         have forgotten that this was on, and then gone despondent over the
+         latest benchmarks.:-) Use of this option allows our team to go all
+         out in checking for consistency when debugging without fear of its
+         effect on end users.  If you are on the verge of sending in a bug
+         report, say Y and you might get a useful error message.  Almost
+         everyone should say N.
+
+config REISERFS_PROC_INFO
+       bool "Stats in /proc/fs/reiserfs"
+       depends on REISERFS_FS && PROC_FS
+       help
+         Create under /proc/fs/reiserfs a hierarchy of files, displaying
+         various ReiserFS statistics and internal data at the expense of
+         making your kernel or module slightly larger (+8 KB). This also
+         increases the amount of kernel memory required for each mount.
+         Almost everyone but ReiserFS developers and people fine-tuning
+         reiserfs or tracing problems should say N.
+
+config REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+       bool "ReiserFS extended attributes"
+       depends on REISERFS_FS
+       help
+         Extended attributes are name:value pairs associated with inodes by
+         the kernel or by users (see the attr(5) manual page for details).
+
+         If unsure, say N.
+
+config REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL
+       bool "ReiserFS POSIX Access Control Lists"
+       depends on REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+       select FS_POSIX_ACL
+       help
+         Posix Access Control Lists (ACLs) support permissions for users and
+         groups beyond the owner/group/world scheme.
+
+         If you don't know what Access Control Lists are, say N
+
+config REISERFS_FS_SECURITY
+       bool "ReiserFS Security Labels"
+       depends on REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+       help
+         Security labels support alternative access control models
+         implemented by security modules like SELinux.  This option
+         enables an extended attribute handler for file security
+         labels in the ReiserFS filesystem.
+
+         If you are not using a security module that requires using
+         extended attributes for file security labels, say N.
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/Makefile b/fs/reiserfs/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bd29c58ccbd8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#
+# Makefile for the linux reiser-filesystem routines.
+#
+
+obj-$(CONFIG_REISERFS_FS) += reiserfs.o
+
+reiserfs-objs := bitmap.o do_balan.o namei.o inode.o file.o dir.o fix_node.o \
+                super.o prints.o objectid.o lbalance.o ibalance.o stree.o \
+                hashes.o tail_conversion.o journal.o resize.o \
+                item_ops.o ioctl.o xattr.o lock.o
+
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_REISERFS_PROC_INFO),y)
+reiserfs-objs += procfs.o
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR),y)
+reiserfs-objs += xattr_user.o xattr_trusted.o
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_SECURITY),y)
+reiserfs-objs += xattr_security.o
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL),y)
+reiserfs-objs += xattr_acl.o
+endif
+
+TAGS:
+       etags *.c
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/README b/fs/reiserfs/README
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..11e9ecf24b63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/README
@@ -0,0 +1,151 @@
+[LICENSING]
+
+ReiserFS is hereby licensed under the GNU General
+Public License version 2.
+
+Source code files that contain the phrase "licensing governed by
+reiserfs/README" are "governed files" throughout this file.  Governed
+files are licensed under the GPL.  The portions of them owned by Hans
+Reiser, or authorized to be licensed by him, have been in the past,
+and likely will be in the future, licensed to other parties under
+other licenses.  If you add your code to governed files, and don't
+want it to be owned by Hans Reiser, put your copyright label on that
+code so the poor blight and his customers can keep things straight.
+All portions of governed files not labeled otherwise are owned by Hans
+Reiser, and by adding your code to it, widely distributing it to
+others or sending us a patch, and leaving the sentence in stating that
+licensing is governed by the statement in this file, you accept this.
+It will be a kindness if you identify whether Hans Reiser is allowed
+to license code labeled as owned by you on your behalf other than
+under the GPL, because he wants to know if it is okay to do so and put
+a check in the mail to you (for non-trivial improvements) when he
+makes his next sale.  He makes no guarantees as to the amount if any,
+though he feels motivated to motivate contributors, and you can surely
+discuss this with him before or after contributing.  You have the
+right to decline to allow him to license your code contribution other
+than under the GPL.
+
+Further licensing options are available for commercial and/or other
+interests directly from Hans Reiser: hans@reiser.to.  If you interpret
+the GPL as not allowing those additional licensing options, you read
+it wrongly, and Richard Stallman agrees with me, when carefully read
+you can see that those restrictions on additional terms do not apply
+to the owner of the copyright, and my interpretation of this shall
+govern for this license.
+
+Finally, nothing in this license shall be interpreted to allow you to
+fail to fairly credit me, or to remove my credits, without my
+permission, unless you are an end user not redistributing to others.
+If you have doubts about how to properly do that, or about what is
+fair, ask.  (Last I spoke with him Richard was contemplating how best
+to address the fair crediting issue in the next GPL version.)
+
+[END LICENSING]
+
+Reiserfs is a file system based on balanced tree algorithms, which is
+described at https://reiser4.wiki.kernel.org/index.php/Main_Page 
+
+Stop reading here.  Go there, then return.
+
+Send bug reports to yura@namesys.botik.ru.
+
+mkreiserfs and other utilities are in reiserfs/utils, or wherever your
+Linux provider put them.  There is some disagreement about how useful
+it is for users to get their fsck and mkreiserfs out of sync with the
+version of reiserfs that is in their kernel, with many important
+distributors wanting them out of sync.:-) Please try to remember to
+recompile and reinstall fsck and mkreiserfs with every update of
+reiserfs, this is a common source of confusion.  Note that some of the
+utilities cannot be compiled without accessing the balancing code
+which is in the kernel code, and relocating the utilities may require
+you to specify where that code can be found.
+
+Yes, if you update your reiserfs kernel module you do have to
+recompile your kernel, most of the time.  The errors you get will be
+quite cryptic if your forget to do so.
+
+Real users, as opposed to folks who want to hack and then understand
+what went wrong, will want REISERFS_CHECK off.
+
+Hideous Commercial Pitch: Spread your development costs across other OS
+vendors.  Select from the best in the world, not the best in your
+building, by buying from third party OS component suppliers.  Leverage
+the software component development power of the internet.  Be the most
+aggressive in taking advantage of the commercial possibilities of
+decentralized internet development, and add value through your branded
+integration that you sell as an operating system.  Let your competitors
+be the ones to compete against the entire internet by themselves.  Be
+hip, get with the new economic trend, before your competitors do.  Send
+email to hans@reiser.to.
+
+To understand the code, after reading the website, start reading the
+code by reading reiserfs_fs.h first.
+
+Hans Reiser was the project initiator, primary architect, source of all
+funding for the first 5.5 years, and one of the programmers.  He owns
+the copyright.
+
+Vladimir Saveljev was one of the programmers, and he worked long hours
+writing the cleanest code.  He always made the effort to be the best he
+could be, and to make his code the best that it could be.  What resulted
+was quite remarkable. I don't think that money can ever motivate someone
+to work the way he did, he is one of the most selfless men I know.
+
+Yura helps with benchmarking, coding hashes, and block pre-allocation
+code.
+
+Anatoly Pinchuk is a former member of our team who worked closely with
+Vladimir throughout the project's development.  He wrote a quite
+substantial portion of the total code.  He realized that there was a
+space problem with packing tails of files for files larger than a node
+that start on a node aligned boundary (there are reasons to want to node
+align files), and he invented and implemented indirect items and
+unformatted nodes as the solution.
+
+Konstantin Shvachko was taking part in the early days.
+
+Mikhail Gilula was a brilliant innovator that has shown much generosity.
+
+Grigory Zaigralin was an extremely effective system administrator for
+our group.
+
+Igor Krasheninnikov was wonderful at hardware procurement, repair, and
+network installation.
+
+Jeremy Fitzhardinge wrote the teahash.c code, and he gives credit to a
+textbook he got the algorithm from in the code.  Note that his analysis
+of how we could use the hashing code in making 32 bit NFS cookies work
+was probably more important than the actual algorithm.  Colin Plumb also
+contributed to it.
+
+Chris Mason dived right into our code, and in just a few months produced
+the journaling code that dramatically increased the value of ReiserFS.
+He is just an amazing programmer.
+
+Igor Zagorovsky is writing much of the new item handler and extent code
+for our next major release.
+
+Alexander Zarochentcev (sometimes known as zam, or sasha), wrote the
+resizer, and is hard at work on implementing allocate on flush.  SGI
+implemented allocate on flush before us for XFS, and generously took
+the time to convince me we should do it also.  They are great people,
+and a great company.
+
+Yuri Shevchuk and Nikita Danilov are doing squid cache optimization.
+
+Vitaly Fertman is doing fsck.
+
+Jeff Mahoney, of SuSE, contributed a few cleanup fixes, most notably
+the endian safe patches which allow ReiserFS to run on any platform
+supported by the Linux kernel.
+
+SuSE, IntegratedLinux.com, Ecila, MP3.com, bigstorage.com, and the
+Alpha PC Company made it possible for me to not have a day job
+anymore, and to dramatically increase our staffing.  Ecila funded
+hypertext feature development, MP3.com funded journaling, SuSE funded
+core development, IntegratedLinux.com funded squid web cache
+appliances, bigstorage.com funded HSM, and the alpha PC company funded
+the alpha port.  Many of these tasks were helped by sponsors other
+than the ones just named.  SuSE has helped in much more than just
+funding....
+
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/acl.h b/fs/reiserfs/acl.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2571b1a8be84
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/acl.h
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/posix_acl.h>
+
+#define REISERFS_ACL_VERSION   0x0001
+
+typedef struct {
+       __le16 e_tag;
+       __le16 e_perm;
+       __le32 e_id;
+} reiserfs_acl_entry;
+
+typedef struct {
+       __le16 e_tag;
+       __le16 e_perm;
+} reiserfs_acl_entry_short;
+
+typedef struct {
+       __le32 a_version;
+} reiserfs_acl_header;
+
+static inline size_t reiserfs_acl_size(int count)
+{
+       if (count <= 4) {
+               return sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header) +
+                   count * sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short);
+       } else {
+               return sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header) +
+                   4 * sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short) +
+                   (count - 4) * sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry);
+       }
+}
+
+static inline int reiserfs_acl_count(size_t size)
+{
+       ssize_t s;
+       size -= sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header);
+       s = size - 4 * sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short);
+       if (s < 0) {
+               if (size % sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short))
+                       return -1;
+               return size / sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short);
+       } else {
+               if (s % sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry))
+                       return -1;
+               return s / sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry) + 4;
+       }
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL
+struct posix_acl *reiserfs_get_acl(struct inode *inode, int type, bool rcu);
+int reiserfs_set_acl(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
+                    struct posix_acl *acl, int type);
+int reiserfs_acl_chmod(struct dentry *dentry);
+int reiserfs_inherit_default_acl(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+                                struct inode *inode);
+int reiserfs_cache_default_acl(struct inode *dir);
+
+#else
+
+#define reiserfs_cache_default_acl(inode) 0
+#define reiserfs_get_acl NULL
+#define reiserfs_set_acl NULL
+
+static inline int reiserfs_acl_chmod(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int
+reiserfs_inherit_default_acl(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                            const struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+                            struct inode *inode)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/bitmap.c b/fs/reiserfs/bitmap.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..bf708ac287b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/bitmap.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1476 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+/* Reiserfs block (de)allocator, bitmap-based. */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+
+#define PREALLOCATION_SIZE 9
+
+/* different reiserfs block allocator options */
+
+#define SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.bits)
+
+#define  _ALLOC_concentrating_formatted_nodes 0
+#define  _ALLOC_displacing_large_files 1
+#define  _ALLOC_displacing_new_packing_localities 2
+#define  _ALLOC_old_hashed_relocation 3
+#define  _ALLOC_new_hashed_relocation 4
+#define  _ALLOC_skip_busy 5
+#define  _ALLOC_displace_based_on_dirid 6
+#define  _ALLOC_hashed_formatted_nodes 7
+#define  _ALLOC_old_way 8
+#define  _ALLOC_hundredth_slices 9
+#define  _ALLOC_dirid_groups 10
+#define  _ALLOC_oid_groups 11
+#define  _ALLOC_packing_groups 12
+
+#define  concentrating_formatted_nodes(s)      test_bit(_ALLOC_concentrating_formatted_nodes, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s))
+#define  displacing_large_files(s)             test_bit(_ALLOC_displacing_large_files, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s))
+#define  displacing_new_packing_localities(s)  test_bit(_ALLOC_displacing_new_packing_localities, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s))
+
+#define SET_OPTION(optname) \
+   do { \
+       reiserfs_info(s, "block allocator option \"%s\" is set", #optname); \
+       set_bit(_ALLOC_ ## optname , &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s)); \
+    } while(0)
+#define TEST_OPTION(optname, s) \
+    test_bit(_ALLOC_ ## optname , &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s))
+
+static inline void get_bit_address(struct super_block *s,
+                                  b_blocknr_t block,
+                                  unsigned int *bmap_nr,
+                                  unsigned int *offset)
+{
+       /*
+        * It is in the bitmap block number equal to the block
+        * number divided by the number of bits in a block.
+        */
+       *bmap_nr = block >> (s->s_blocksize_bits + 3);
+       /* Within that bitmap block it is located at bit offset *offset. */
+       *offset = block & ((s->s_blocksize << 3) - 1);
+}
+
+int is_reusable(struct super_block *s, b_blocknr_t block, int bit_value)
+{
+       unsigned int bmap, offset;
+       unsigned int bmap_count = reiserfs_bmap_count(s);
+
+       if (block == 0 || block >= SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s)) {
+               reiserfs_error(s, "vs-4010",
+                              "block number is out of range %lu (%u)",
+                              block, SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s));
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       get_bit_address(s, block, &bmap, &offset);
+
+       /*
+        * Old format filesystem? Unlikely, but the bitmaps are all
+        * up front so we need to account for it.
+        */
+       if (unlikely(test_bit(REISERFS_OLD_FORMAT,
+                             &REISERFS_SB(s)->s_properties))) {
+               b_blocknr_t bmap1 = REISERFS_SB(s)->s_sbh->b_blocknr + 1;
+               if (block >= bmap1 &&
+                   block <= bmap1 + bmap_count) {
+                       reiserfs_error(s, "vs-4019", "bitmap block %lu(%u) "
+                                      "can't be freed or reused",
+                                      block, bmap_count);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+       } else {
+               if (offset == 0) {
+                       reiserfs_error(s, "vs-4020", "bitmap block %lu(%u) "
+                                      "can't be freed or reused",
+                                      block, bmap_count);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (bmap >= bmap_count) {
+               reiserfs_error(s, "vs-4030", "bitmap for requested block "
+                              "is out of range: block=%lu, bitmap_nr=%u",
+                              block, bmap);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (bit_value == 0 && block == SB_ROOT_BLOCK(s)) {
+               reiserfs_error(s, "vs-4050", "this is root block (%u), "
+                              "it must be busy", SB_ROOT_BLOCK(s));
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Searches in journal structures for a given block number (bmap, off).
+ * If block is found in reiserfs journal it suggests next free block
+ * candidate to test.
+ */
+static inline int is_block_in_journal(struct super_block *s, unsigned int bmap,
+                                     int off, int *next)
+{
+       b_blocknr_t tmp;
+
+       if (reiserfs_in_journal(s, bmap, off, 1, &tmp)) {
+               if (tmp) {      /* hint supplied */
+                       *next = tmp;
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(s, scan_bitmap.in_journal_hint);
+               } else {
+                       (*next) = off + 1;  /* inc offset to avoid looping. */
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(s, scan_bitmap.in_journal_nohint);
+               }
+               PROC_INFO_INC(s, scan_bitmap.retry);
+               return 1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Searches for a window of zero bits with given minimum and maximum
+ * lengths in one bitmap block
+ */
+static int scan_bitmap_block(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                            unsigned int bmap_n, int *beg, int boundary,
+                            int min, int max, int unfm)
+{
+       struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *bi = &SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bmap_n];
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       int end, next;
+       int org = *beg;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       RFALSE(bmap_n >= reiserfs_bmap_count(s), "Bitmap %u is out of "
+              "range (0..%u)", bmap_n, reiserfs_bmap_count(s) - 1);
+       PROC_INFO_INC(s, scan_bitmap.bmap);
+
+       if (!bi) {
+               reiserfs_error(s, "jdm-4055", "NULL bitmap info pointer "
+                              "for bitmap %d", bmap_n);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       bh = reiserfs_read_bitmap_block(s, bmap_n);
+       if (bh == NULL)
+               return 0;
+
+       while (1) {
+cont:
+               if (bi->free_count < min) {
+                       brelse(bh);
+                       return 0;       /* No free blocks in this bitmap */
+               }
+
+               /* search for a first zero bit -- beginning of a window */
+               *beg = reiserfs_find_next_zero_le_bit
+                   ((unsigned long *)(bh->b_data), boundary, *beg);
+
+               /*
+                * search for a zero bit fails or the rest of bitmap block
+                * cannot contain a zero window of minimum size
+                */
+               if (*beg + min > boundary) {
+                       brelse(bh);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               if (unfm && is_block_in_journal(s, bmap_n, *beg, beg))
+                       continue;
+               /* first zero bit found; we check next bits */
+               for (end = *beg + 1;; end++) {
+                       if (end >= *beg + max || end >= boundary
+                           || reiserfs_test_le_bit(end, bh->b_data)) {
+                               next = end;
+                               break;
+                       }
+
+                       /*
+                        * finding the other end of zero bit window requires
+                        * looking into journal structures (in case of
+                        * searching for free blocks for unformatted nodes)
+                        */
+                       if (unfm && is_block_in_journal(s, bmap_n, end, &next))
+                               break;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * now (*beg) points to beginning of zero bits window,
+                * (end) points to one bit after the window end
+                */
+
+               /* found window of proper size */
+               if (end - *beg >= min) {
+                       int i;
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 1);
+                       /*
+                        * try to set all blocks used checking are
+                        * they still free
+                        */
+                       for (i = *beg; i < end; i++) {
+                               /* Don't check in journal again. */
+                               if (reiserfs_test_and_set_le_bit
+                                   (i, bh->b_data)) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * bit was set by another process while
+                                        * we slept in prepare_for_journal()
+                                        */
+                                       PROC_INFO_INC(s, scan_bitmap.stolen);
+
+                                       /*
+                                        * we can continue with smaller set
+                                        * of allocated blocks, if length of
+                                        * this set is more or equal to `min'
+                                        */
+                                       if (i >= *beg + min) {
+                                               end = i;
+                                               break;
+                                       }
+
+                                       /*
+                                        * otherwise we clear all bit
+                                        * were set ...
+                                        */
+                                       while (--i >= *beg)
+                                               reiserfs_clear_le_bit
+                                                   (i, bh->b_data);
+                                       reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(s, bh);
+                                       *beg = org;
+
+                                       /*
+                                        * Search again in current block
+                                        * from beginning
+                                        */
+                                       goto cont;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       bi->free_count -= (end - *beg);
+                       journal_mark_dirty(th, bh);
+                       brelse(bh);
+
+                       /* free block count calculation */
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s),
+                                                    1);
+                       PUT_SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s, SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s) - (end - *beg));
+                       journal_mark_dirty(th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+
+                       return end - (*beg);
+               } else {
+                       *beg = next;
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static int bmap_hash_id(struct super_block *s, u32 id)
+{
+       char *hash_in = NULL;
+       unsigned long hash;
+       unsigned bm;
+
+       if (id <= 2) {
+               bm = 1;
+       } else {
+               hash_in = (char *)(&id);
+               hash = keyed_hash(hash_in, 4);
+               bm = hash % reiserfs_bmap_count(s);
+               if (!bm)
+                       bm = 1;
+       }
+       /* this can only be true when SB_BMAP_NR = 1 */
+       if (bm >= reiserfs_bmap_count(s))
+               bm = 0;
+       return bm;
+}
+
+/*
+ * hashes the id and then returns > 0 if the block group for the
+ * corresponding hash is full
+ */
+static inline int block_group_used(struct super_block *s, u32 id)
+{
+       int bm = bmap_hash_id(s, id);
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *info = &SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bm];
+
+       /*
+        * If we don't have cached information on this bitmap block, we're
+        * going to have to load it later anyway. Loading it here allows us
+        * to make a better decision. This favors long-term performance gain
+        * with a better on-disk layout vs. a short term gain of skipping the
+        * read and potentially having a bad placement.
+        */
+       if (info->free_count == UINT_MAX) {
+               struct buffer_head *bh = reiserfs_read_bitmap_block(s, bm);
+               brelse(bh);
+       }
+
+       if (info->free_count > ((s->s_blocksize << 3) * 60 / 100)) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * the packing is returned in disk byte order
+ */
+__le32 reiserfs_choose_packing(struct inode * dir)
+{
+       __le32 packing;
+       if (TEST_OPTION(packing_groups, dir->i_sb)) {
+               u32 parent_dir = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_dir_id);
+               /*
+                * some versions of reiserfsck expect packing locality 1 to be
+                * special
+                */
+               if (parent_dir == 1 || block_group_used(dir->i_sb, parent_dir))
+                       packing = INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid;
+               else
+                       packing = INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_dir_id;
+       } else
+               packing = INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid;
+       return packing;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Tries to find contiguous zero bit window (given size) in given region of
+ * bitmap and place new blocks there. Returns number of allocated blocks.
+ */
+static int scan_bitmap(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                      b_blocknr_t * start, b_blocknr_t finish,
+                      int min, int max, int unfm, sector_t file_block)
+{
+       int nr_allocated = 0;
+       struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+       unsigned int bm, off;
+       unsigned int end_bm, end_off;
+       unsigned int off_max = s->s_blocksize << 3;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       PROC_INFO_INC(s, scan_bitmap.call);
+
+       /* No point in looking for more free blocks */
+       if (SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s) <= 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       get_bit_address(s, *start, &bm, &off);
+       get_bit_address(s, finish, &end_bm, &end_off);
+       if (bm > reiserfs_bmap_count(s))
+               return 0;
+       if (end_bm > reiserfs_bmap_count(s))
+               end_bm = reiserfs_bmap_count(s);
+
+       /*
+        * When the bitmap is more than 10% free, anyone can allocate.
+        * When it's less than 10% free, only files that already use the
+        * bitmap are allowed. Once we pass 80% full, this restriction
+        * is lifted.
+        *
+        * We do this so that files that grow later still have space close to
+        * their original allocation. This improves locality, and presumably
+        * performance as a result.
+        *
+        * This is only an allocation policy and does not make up for getting a
+        * bad hint. Decent hinting must be implemented for this to work well.
+        */
+       if (TEST_OPTION(skip_busy, s)
+           && SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s) > SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) / 20) {
+               for (; bm < end_bm; bm++, off = 0) {
+                       if ((off && (!unfm || (file_block != 0)))
+                           || SB_AP_BITMAP(s)[bm].free_count >
+                           (s->s_blocksize << 3) / 10)
+                               nr_allocated =
+                                   scan_bitmap_block(th, bm, &off, off_max,
+                                                     min, max, unfm);
+                       if (nr_allocated)
+                               goto ret;
+               }
+               /* we know from above that start is a reasonable number */
+               get_bit_address(s, *start, &bm, &off);
+       }
+
+       for (; bm < end_bm; bm++, off = 0) {
+               nr_allocated =
+                   scan_bitmap_block(th, bm, &off, off_max, min, max, unfm);
+               if (nr_allocated)
+                       goto ret;
+       }
+
+       nr_allocated =
+           scan_bitmap_block(th, bm, &off, end_off + 1, min, max, unfm);
+
+ret:
+       *start = bm * off_max + off;
+       return nr_allocated;
+
+}
+
+static void _reiserfs_free_block(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                struct inode *inode, b_blocknr_t block,
+                                int for_unformatted)
+{
+       struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs;
+       struct buffer_head *sbh, *bmbh;
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *apbi;
+       unsigned int nr, offset;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       PROC_INFO_INC(s, free_block);
+       rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+       sbh = SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s);
+       apbi = SB_AP_BITMAP(s);
+
+       get_bit_address(s, block, &nr, &offset);
+
+       if (nr >= reiserfs_bmap_count(s)) {
+               reiserfs_error(s, "vs-4075", "block %lu is out of range",
+                              block);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       bmbh = reiserfs_read_bitmap_block(s, nr);
+       if (!bmbh)
+               return;
+
+       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bmbh, 1);
+
+       /* clear bit for the given block in bit map */
+       if (!reiserfs_test_and_clear_le_bit(offset, bmbh->b_data)) {
+               reiserfs_error(s, "vs-4080",
+                              "block %lu: bit already cleared", block);
+       }
+       apbi[nr].free_count++;
+       journal_mark_dirty(th, bmbh);
+       brelse(bmbh);
+
+       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, sbh, 1);
+       /* update super block */
+       set_sb_free_blocks(rs, sb_free_blocks(rs) + 1);
+
+       journal_mark_dirty(th, sbh);
+       if (for_unformatted) {
+               int depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+               dquot_free_block_nodirty(inode, 1);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       }
+}
+
+void reiserfs_free_block(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                        struct inode *inode, b_blocknr_t block,
+                        int for_unformatted)
+{
+       struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       RFALSE(!s, "vs-4061: trying to free block on nonexistent device");
+       if (!is_reusable(s, block, 1))
+               return;
+
+       if (block > sb_block_count(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_rs)) {
+               reiserfs_error(th->t_super, "bitmap-4072",
+                              "Trying to free block outside file system "
+                              "boundaries (%lu > %lu)",
+                              block, sb_block_count(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_rs));
+               return;
+       }
+       /* mark it before we clear it, just in case */
+       journal_mark_freed(th, s, block);
+       _reiserfs_free_block(th, inode, block, for_unformatted);
+}
+
+/* preallocated blocks don't need to be run through journal_mark_freed */
+static void reiserfs_free_prealloc_block(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                        struct inode *inode, b_blocknr_t block)
+{
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       RFALSE(!th->t_super,
+              "vs-4060: trying to free block on nonexistent device");
+       if (!is_reusable(th->t_super, block, 1))
+               return;
+       _reiserfs_free_block(th, inode, block, 1);
+}
+
+static void __discard_prealloc(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                              struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei)
+{
+       unsigned long save = ei->i_prealloc_block;
+       int dirty = 0;
+       struct inode *inode = &ei->vfs_inode;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       if (ei->i_prealloc_count < 0)
+               reiserfs_error(th->t_super, "zam-4001",
+                              "inode has negative prealloc blocks count.");
+#endif
+       while (ei->i_prealloc_count > 0) {
+               b_blocknr_t block_to_free;
+
+               /*
+                * reiserfs_free_prealloc_block can drop the write lock,
+                * which could allow another caller to free the same block.
+                * We can protect against it by modifying the prealloc
+                * state before calling it.
+                */
+               block_to_free = ei->i_prealloc_block++;
+               ei->i_prealloc_count--;
+               reiserfs_free_prealloc_block(th, inode, block_to_free);
+               dirty = 1;
+       }
+       if (dirty)
+               reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+       ei->i_prealloc_block = save;
+       list_del_init(&ei->i_prealloc_list);
+}
+
+/* FIXME: It should be inline function */
+void reiserfs_discard_prealloc(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                              struct inode *inode)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei = REISERFS_I(inode);
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       if (ei->i_prealloc_count)
+               __discard_prealloc(th, ei);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_discard_all_prealloc(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th)
+{
+       struct list_head *plist = &SB_JOURNAL(th->t_super)->j_prealloc_list;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       while (!list_empty(plist)) {
+               struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei;
+               ei = list_entry(plist->next, struct reiserfs_inode_info,
+                               i_prealloc_list);
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+               if (!ei->i_prealloc_count) {
+                       reiserfs_error(th->t_super, "zam-4001",
+                                      "inode is in prealloc list but has "
+                                      "no preallocated blocks.");
+               }
+#endif
+               __discard_prealloc(th, ei);
+       }
+}
+
+void reiserfs_init_alloc_options(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       set_bit(_ALLOC_skip_busy, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s));
+       set_bit(_ALLOC_dirid_groups, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s));
+       set_bit(_ALLOC_packing_groups, &SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s));
+}
+
+/* block allocator related options are parsed here */
+int reiserfs_parse_alloc_options(struct super_block *s, char *options)
+{
+       char *this_char, *value;
+
+       /* clear default settings */
+       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.bits = 0;
+
+       while ((this_char = strsep(&options, ":")) != NULL) {
+               if ((value = strchr(this_char, '=')) != NULL)
+                       *value++ = 0;
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "concentrating_formatted_nodes")) {
+                       int temp;
+                       SET_OPTION(concentrating_formatted_nodes);
+                       temp = (value
+                               && *value) ? simple_strtoul(value, &value,
+                                                           0) : 10;
+                       if (temp <= 0 || temp > 100) {
+                               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.border = 10;
+                       } else {
+                               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.border =
+                                   100 / temp;
+                       }
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "displacing_large_files")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(displacing_large_files);
+                       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.large_file_size =
+                           (value
+                            && *value) ? simple_strtoul(value, &value, 0) : 16;
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "displacing_new_packing_localities")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(displacing_new_packing_localities);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "old_hashed_relocation")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(old_hashed_relocation);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "new_hashed_relocation")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(new_hashed_relocation);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "dirid_groups")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(dirid_groups);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "oid_groups")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(oid_groups);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "packing_groups")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(packing_groups);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "hashed_formatted_nodes")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(hashed_formatted_nodes);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "skip_busy")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(skip_busy);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "hundredth_slices")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(hundredth_slices);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "old_way")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(old_way);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "displace_based_on_dirid")) {
+                       SET_OPTION(displace_based_on_dirid);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "preallocmin")) {
+                       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocmin =
+                           (value
+                            && *value) ? simple_strtoul(value, &value, 0) : 4;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!strcmp(this_char, "preallocsize")) {
+                       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocsize =
+                           (value
+                            && *value) ? simple_strtoul(value, &value,
+                                                        0) :
+                           PREALLOCATION_SIZE;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "zam-4001", "unknown option - %s",
+                                this_char);
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_info(s, "allocator options = [%08x]\n", SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s));
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void print_sep(struct seq_file *seq, int *first)
+{
+       if (!*first)
+               seq_puts(seq, ":");
+       else
+               *first = 0;
+}
+
+void show_alloc_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct super_block *s)
+{
+       int first = 1;
+
+       if (SB_ALLOC_OPTS(s) == ((1 << _ALLOC_skip_busy) |
+               (1 << _ALLOC_dirid_groups) | (1 << _ALLOC_packing_groups)))
+               return;
+
+       seq_puts(seq, ",alloc=");
+
+       if (TEST_OPTION(concentrating_formatted_nodes, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.border != 10) {
+                       seq_printf(seq, "concentrating_formatted_nodes=%d",
+                               100 / REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.border);
+               } else
+                       seq_puts(seq, "concentrating_formatted_nodes");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(displacing_large_files, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.large_file_size != 16) {
+                       seq_printf(seq, "displacing_large_files=%lu",
+                           REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.large_file_size);
+               } else
+                       seq_puts(seq, "displacing_large_files");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(displacing_new_packing_localities, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "displacing_new_packing_localities");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(old_hashed_relocation, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "old_hashed_relocation");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(new_hashed_relocation, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "new_hashed_relocation");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(dirid_groups, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "dirid_groups");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(oid_groups, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "oid_groups");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(packing_groups, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "packing_groups");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(hashed_formatted_nodes, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "hashed_formatted_nodes");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(skip_busy, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "skip_busy");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(hundredth_slices, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "hundredth_slices");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(old_way, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "old_way");
+       }
+       if (TEST_OPTION(displace_based_on_dirid, s)) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_puts(seq, "displace_based_on_dirid");
+       }
+       if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocmin != 0) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_printf(seq, "preallocmin=%d",
+                               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocmin);
+       }
+       if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocsize != 17) {
+               print_sep(seq, &first);
+               seq_printf(seq, "preallocsize=%d",
+                               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.preallocsize);
+       }
+}
+
+static inline void new_hashed_relocation(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       char *hash_in;
+
+       if (hint->formatted_node) {
+               hash_in = (char *)&hint->key.k_dir_id;
+       } else {
+               if (!hint->inode) {
+                       /*hint->search_start = hint->beg;*/
+                       hash_in = (char *)&hint->key.k_dir_id;
+               } else
+                   if (TEST_OPTION(displace_based_on_dirid, hint->th->t_super))
+                       hash_in = (char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id);
+               else
+                       hash_in =
+                           (char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_objectid);
+       }
+
+       hint->search_start =
+           hint->beg + keyed_hash(hash_in, 4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Relocation based on dirid, hashing them into a given bitmap block
+ * files. Formatted nodes are unaffected, a separate policy covers them
+ */
+static void dirid_groups(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       unsigned long hash;
+       __u32 dirid = 0;
+       int bm = 0;
+       struct super_block *sb = hint->th->t_super;
+
+       if (hint->inode)
+               dirid = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id);
+       else if (hint->formatted_node)
+               dirid = hint->key.k_dir_id;
+
+       if (dirid) {
+               bm = bmap_hash_id(sb, dirid);
+               hash = bm * (sb->s_blocksize << 3);
+               /* give a portion of the block group to metadata */
+               if (hint->inode)
+                       hash += sb->s_blocksize / 2;
+               hint->search_start = hash;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Relocation based on oid, hashing them into a given bitmap block
+ * files. Formatted nodes are unaffected, a separate policy covers them
+ */
+static void oid_groups(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       if (hint->inode) {
+               unsigned long hash;
+               __u32 oid;
+               __u32 dirid;
+               int bm;
+
+               dirid = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id);
+
+               /*
+                * keep the root dir and it's first set of subdirs close to
+                * the start of the disk
+                */
+               if (dirid <= 2)
+                       hash = (hint->inode->i_sb->s_blocksize << 3);
+               else {
+                       oid = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_objectid);
+                       bm = bmap_hash_id(hint->inode->i_sb, oid);
+                       hash = bm * (hint->inode->i_sb->s_blocksize << 3);
+               }
+               hint->search_start = hash;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * returns 1 if it finds an indirect item and gets valid hint info
+ * from it, otherwise 0
+ */
+static int get_left_neighbor(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       struct treepath *path;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       int pos_in_item;
+       __le32 *item;
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * reiserfs code can call this function w/o pointer to path
+        * structure supplied; then we rely on supplied search_start
+        */
+       if (!hint->path)
+               return 0;
+
+       path = hint->path;
+       bh = get_last_bh(path);
+       RFALSE(!bh, "green-4002: Illegal path specified to get_left_neighbor");
+       ih = tp_item_head(path);
+       pos_in_item = path->pos_in_item;
+       item = tp_item_body(path);
+
+       hint->search_start = bh->b_blocknr;
+
+       /*
+        * for indirect item: go to left and look for the first non-hole entry
+        * in the indirect item
+        */
+       if (!hint->formatted_node && is_indirect_le_ih(ih)) {
+               if (pos_in_item == I_UNFM_NUM(ih))
+                       pos_in_item--;
+               while (pos_in_item >= 0) {
+                       int t = get_block_num(item, pos_in_item);
+                       if (t) {
+                               hint->search_start = t;
+                               ret = 1;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       pos_in_item--;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* does result value fit into specified region? */
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * should be, if formatted node, then try to put on first part of the device
+ * specified as number of percent with mount option device, else try to put
+ * on last of device.  This is not to say it is good code to do so,
+ * but the effect should be measured.
+ */
+static inline void set_border_in_hint(struct super_block *s,
+                                     reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       b_blocknr_t border =
+           SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) / REISERFS_SB(s)->s_alloc_options.border;
+
+       if (hint->formatted_node)
+               hint->end = border - 1;
+       else
+               hint->beg = border;
+}
+
+static inline void displace_large_file(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       if (TEST_OPTION(displace_based_on_dirid, hint->th->t_super))
+               hint->search_start =
+                   hint->beg +
+                   keyed_hash((char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id),
+                              4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+       else
+               hint->search_start =
+                   hint->beg +
+                   keyed_hash((char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_objectid),
+                              4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+}
+
+static inline void hash_formatted_node(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       char *hash_in;
+
+       if (!hint->inode)
+               hash_in = (char *)&hint->key.k_dir_id;
+       else if (TEST_OPTION(displace_based_on_dirid, hint->th->t_super))
+               hash_in = (char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id);
+       else
+               hash_in = (char *)(&INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_objectid);
+
+       hint->search_start =
+           hint->beg + keyed_hash(hash_in, 4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+}
+
+static inline int
+this_blocknr_allocation_would_make_it_a_large_file(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *
+                                                  hint)
+{
+       return hint->block ==
+           REISERFS_SB(hint->th->t_super)->s_alloc_options.large_file_size;
+}
+
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+static inline void displace_new_packing_locality(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       struct in_core_key *key = &hint->key;
+
+       hint->th->displace_new_blocks = 0;
+       hint->search_start =
+           hint->beg + keyed_hash((char *)(&key->k_objectid),
+                                  4) % (hint->end - hint->beg);
+}
+#endif
+
+static inline int old_hashed_relocation(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       b_blocknr_t border;
+       u32 hash_in;
+
+       if (hint->formatted_node || hint->inode == NULL) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       hash_in = le32_to_cpu((INODE_PKEY(hint->inode))->k_dir_id);
+       border =
+           hint->beg + (u32) keyed_hash(((char *)(&hash_in)),
+                                        4) % (hint->end - hint->beg - 1);
+       if (border > hint->search_start)
+               hint->search_start = border;
+
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static inline int old_way(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       b_blocknr_t border;
+
+       if (hint->formatted_node || hint->inode == NULL) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       border =
+           hint->beg +
+           le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(hint->inode)->k_dir_id) % (hint->end -
+                                                             hint->beg);
+       if (border > hint->search_start)
+               hint->search_start = border;
+
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static inline void hundredth_slices(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       struct in_core_key *key = &hint->key;
+       b_blocknr_t slice_start;
+
+       slice_start =
+           (keyed_hash((char *)(&key->k_dir_id), 4) % 100) * (hint->end / 100);
+       if (slice_start > hint->search_start
+           || slice_start + (hint->end / 100) <= hint->search_start) {
+               hint->search_start = slice_start;
+       }
+}
+
+static void determine_search_start(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint,
+                                  int amount_needed)
+{
+       struct super_block *s = hint->th->t_super;
+       int unfm_hint;
+
+       hint->beg = 0;
+       hint->end = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) - 1;
+
+       /* This is former border algorithm. Now with tunable border offset */
+       if (concentrating_formatted_nodes(s))
+               set_border_in_hint(s, hint);
+
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+       /*
+        * whenever we create a new directory, we displace it.  At first
+        * we will hash for location, later we might look for a moderately
+        * empty place for it
+        */
+       if (displacing_new_packing_localities(s)
+           && hint->th->displace_new_blocks) {
+               displace_new_packing_locality(hint);
+
+               /*
+                * we do not continue determine_search_start,
+                * if new packing locality is being displaced
+                */
+               return;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       /*
+        * all persons should feel encouraged to add more special cases
+        * here and test them
+        */
+
+       if (displacing_large_files(s) && !hint->formatted_node
+           && this_blocknr_allocation_would_make_it_a_large_file(hint)) {
+               displace_large_file(hint);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * if none of our special cases is relevant, use the left
+        * neighbor in the tree order of the new node we are allocating for
+        */
+       if (hint->formatted_node && TEST_OPTION(hashed_formatted_nodes, s)) {
+               hash_formatted_node(hint);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       unfm_hint = get_left_neighbor(hint);
+
+       /*
+        * Mimic old block allocator behaviour, that is if VFS allowed for
+        * preallocation, new blocks are displaced based on directory ID.
+        * Also, if suggested search_start is less than last preallocated
+        * block, we start searching from it, assuming that HDD dataflow
+        * is faster in forward direction
+        */
+       if (TEST_OPTION(old_way, s)) {
+               if (!hint->formatted_node) {
+                       if (!reiserfs_hashed_relocation(s))
+                               old_way(hint);
+                       else if (!reiserfs_no_unhashed_relocation(s))
+                               old_hashed_relocation(hint);
+
+                       if (hint->inode
+                           && hint->search_start <
+                           REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_block)
+                               hint->search_start =
+                                   REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_block;
+               }
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* This is an approach proposed by Hans */
+       if (TEST_OPTION(hundredth_slices, s)
+           && !(displacing_large_files(s) && !hint->formatted_node)) {
+               hundredth_slices(hint);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* old_hashed_relocation only works on unformatted */
+       if (!unfm_hint && !hint->formatted_node &&
+           TEST_OPTION(old_hashed_relocation, s)) {
+               old_hashed_relocation(hint);
+       }
+
+       /* new_hashed_relocation works with both formatted/unformatted nodes */
+       if ((!unfm_hint || hint->formatted_node) &&
+           TEST_OPTION(new_hashed_relocation, s)) {
+               new_hashed_relocation(hint);
+       }
+
+       /* dirid grouping works only on unformatted nodes */
+       if (!unfm_hint && !hint->formatted_node && TEST_OPTION(dirid_groups, s)) {
+               dirid_groups(hint);
+       }
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+       if (hint->formatted_node && TEST_OPTION(dirid_groups, s)) {
+               dirid_groups(hint);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       /* oid grouping works only on unformatted nodes */
+       if (!unfm_hint && !hint->formatted_node && TEST_OPTION(oid_groups, s)) {
+               oid_groups(hint);
+       }
+       return;
+}
+
+static int determine_prealloc_size(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint)
+{
+       /* make minimum size a mount option and benchmark both ways */
+       /* we preallocate blocks only for regular files, specific size */
+       /* benchmark preallocating always and see what happens */
+
+       hint->prealloc_size = 0;
+
+       if (!hint->formatted_node && hint->preallocate) {
+               if (S_ISREG(hint->inode->i_mode) && !IS_PRIVATE(hint->inode)
+                   && hint->inode->i_size >=
+                   REISERFS_SB(hint->th->t_super)->s_alloc_options.
+                   preallocmin * hint->inode->i_sb->s_blocksize)
+                       hint->prealloc_size =
+                           REISERFS_SB(hint->th->t_super)->s_alloc_options.
+                           preallocsize - 1;
+       }
+       return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+static inline int allocate_without_wrapping_disk(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint,
+                                                b_blocknr_t * new_blocknrs,
+                                                b_blocknr_t start,
+                                                b_blocknr_t finish, int min,
+                                                int amount_needed,
+                                                int prealloc_size)
+{
+       int rest = amount_needed;
+       int nr_allocated;
+
+       while (rest > 0 && start <= finish) {
+               nr_allocated = scan_bitmap(hint->th, &start, finish, min,
+                                          rest + prealloc_size,
+                                          !hint->formatted_node, hint->block);
+
+               if (nr_allocated == 0)  /* no new blocks allocated, return */
+                       break;
+
+               /* fill free_blocknrs array first */
+               while (rest > 0 && nr_allocated > 0) {
+                       *new_blocknrs++ = start++;
+                       rest--;
+                       nr_allocated--;
+               }
+
+               /* do we have something to fill prealloc. array also ? */
+               if (nr_allocated > 0) {
+                       /*
+                        * it means prealloc_size was greater that 0 and
+                        * we do preallocation
+                        */
+                       list_add(&REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_list,
+                                &SB_JOURNAL(hint->th->t_super)->
+                                j_prealloc_list);
+                       REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_block = start;
+                       REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_count =
+                           nr_allocated;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return (amount_needed - rest);
+}
+
+static inline int blocknrs_and_prealloc_arrays_from_search_start
+    (reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint, b_blocknr_t * new_blocknrs,
+     int amount_needed) {
+       struct super_block *s = hint->th->t_super;
+       b_blocknr_t start = hint->search_start;
+       b_blocknr_t finish = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) - 1;
+       int passno = 0;
+       int nr_allocated = 0;
+       int depth;
+
+       determine_prealloc_size(hint);
+       if (!hint->formatted_node) {
+               int quota_ret;
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+               reiserfs_debug(s, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                              "reiserquota: allocating %d blocks id=%u",
+                              amount_needed, hint->inode->i_uid);
+#endif
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+               quota_ret =
+                   dquot_alloc_block_nodirty(hint->inode, amount_needed);
+               if (quota_ret) {        /* Quota exceeded? */
+                       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+                       return QUOTA_EXCEEDED;
+               }
+               if (hint->preallocate && hint->prealloc_size) {
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+                       reiserfs_debug(s, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                      "reiserquota: allocating (prealloc) %d blocks id=%u",
+                                      hint->prealloc_size, hint->inode->i_uid);
+#endif
+                       quota_ret = dquot_prealloc_block_nodirty(hint->inode,
+                                                        hint->prealloc_size);
+                       if (quota_ret)
+                               hint->preallocate = hint->prealloc_size = 0;
+               }
+               /* for unformatted nodes, force large allocations */
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       }
+
+       do {
+               switch (passno++) {
+               case 0: /* Search from hint->search_start to end of disk */
+                       start = hint->search_start;
+                       finish = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) - 1;
+                       break;
+               case 1: /* Search from hint->beg to hint->search_start */
+                       start = hint->beg;
+                       finish = hint->search_start;
+                       break;
+               case 2: /* Last chance: Search from 0 to hint->beg */
+                       start = 0;
+                       finish = hint->beg;
+                       break;
+               default:
+                       /* We've tried searching everywhere, not enough space */
+                       /* Free the blocks */
+                       if (!hint->formatted_node) {
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+                               reiserfs_debug(s, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                              "reiserquota: freeing (nospace) %d blocks id=%u",
+                                              amount_needed +
+                                              hint->prealloc_size -
+                                              nr_allocated,
+                                              hint->inode->i_uid);
+#endif
+                               /* Free not allocated blocks */
+                               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+                               dquot_free_block_nodirty(hint->inode,
+                                       amount_needed + hint->prealloc_size -
+                                       nr_allocated);
+                               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+                       }
+                       while (nr_allocated--)
+                               reiserfs_free_block(hint->th, hint->inode,
+                                                   new_blocknrs[nr_allocated],
+                                                   !hint->formatted_node);
+
+                       return NO_DISK_SPACE;
+               }
+       } while ((nr_allocated += allocate_without_wrapping_disk(hint,
+                                                                new_blocknrs +
+                                                                nr_allocated,
+                                                                start, finish,
+                                                                1,
+                                                                amount_needed -
+                                                                nr_allocated,
+                                                                hint->
+                                                                prealloc_size))
+                < amount_needed);
+       if (!hint->formatted_node &&
+           amount_needed + hint->prealloc_size >
+           nr_allocated + REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_count) {
+               /* Some of preallocation blocks were not allocated */
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+               reiserfs_debug(s, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                              "reiserquota: freeing (failed prealloc) %d blocks id=%u",
+                              amount_needed + hint->prealloc_size -
+                              nr_allocated -
+                              REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->i_prealloc_count,
+                              hint->inode->i_uid);
+#endif
+
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+               dquot_free_block_nodirty(hint->inode, amount_needed +
+                                        hint->prealloc_size - nr_allocated -
+                                        REISERFS_I(hint->inode)->
+                                        i_prealloc_count);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       }
+
+       return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+/* grab new blocknrs from preallocated list */
+/* return amount still needed after using them */
+static int use_preallocated_list_if_available(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t * hint,
+                                             b_blocknr_t * new_blocknrs,
+                                             int amount_needed)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = hint->inode;
+
+       if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count > 0) {
+               while (amount_needed) {
+
+                       *new_blocknrs++ = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_block++;
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count--;
+
+                       amount_needed--;
+
+                       if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count <= 0) {
+                               list_del(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_list);
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       /* return amount still needed after using preallocated blocks */
+       return amount_needed;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_allocate_blocknrs(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *hint,
+                              b_blocknr_t *new_blocknrs,
+                              int amount_needed,
+                              /* Amount of blocks we have already reserved */
+                              int reserved_by_us)
+{
+       int initial_amount_needed = amount_needed;
+       int ret;
+       struct super_block *s = hint->th->t_super;
+
+       /* Check if there is enough space, taking into account reserved space */
+       if (SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s) - REISERFS_SB(s)->reserved_blocks <
+           amount_needed - reserved_by_us)
+               return NO_DISK_SPACE;
+       /* should this be if !hint->inode &&  hint->preallocate? */
+       /* do you mean hint->formatted_node can be removed ? - Zam */
+       /*
+        * hint->formatted_node cannot be removed because we try to access
+        * inode information here, and there is often no inode associated with
+        * metadata allocations - green
+        */
+
+       if (!hint->formatted_node && hint->preallocate) {
+               amount_needed = use_preallocated_list_if_available
+                   (hint, new_blocknrs, amount_needed);
+
+               /*
+                * We have all the block numbers we need from the
+                * prealloc list
+                */
+               if (amount_needed == 0)
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               new_blocknrs += (initial_amount_needed - amount_needed);
+       }
+
+       /* find search start and save it in hint structure */
+       determine_search_start(hint, amount_needed);
+       if (hint->search_start >= SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s))
+               hint->search_start = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) - 1;
+
+       /* allocation itself; fill new_blocknrs and preallocation arrays */
+       ret = blocknrs_and_prealloc_arrays_from_search_start
+           (hint, new_blocknrs, amount_needed);
+
+       /*
+        * We used prealloc. list to fill (partially) new_blocknrs array.
+        * If final allocation fails we need to return blocks back to
+        * prealloc. list or just free them. -- Zam (I chose second
+        * variant)
+        */
+       if (ret != CARRY_ON) {
+               while (amount_needed++ < initial_amount_needed) {
+                       reiserfs_free_block(hint->th, hint->inode,
+                                           *(--new_blocknrs), 1);
+               }
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_cache_bitmap_metadata(struct super_block *sb,
+                                    struct buffer_head *bh,
+                                    struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *info)
+{
+       unsigned long *cur = (unsigned long *)(bh->b_data + bh->b_size);
+
+       /* The first bit must ALWAYS be 1 */
+       if (!reiserfs_test_le_bit(0, (unsigned long *)bh->b_data))
+               reiserfs_error(sb, "reiserfs-2025", "bitmap block %lu is "
+                              "corrupted: first bit must be 1", bh->b_blocknr);
+
+       info->free_count = 0;
+
+       while (--cur >= (unsigned long *)bh->b_data) {
+               /* 0 and ~0 are special, we can optimize for them */
+               if (*cur == 0)
+                       info->free_count += BITS_PER_LONG;
+               else if (*cur != ~0L)   /* A mix, investigate */
+                       info->free_count += BITS_PER_LONG - hweight_long(*cur);
+       }
+}
+
+struct buffer_head *reiserfs_read_bitmap_block(struct super_block *sb,
+                                               unsigned int bitmap)
+{
+       b_blocknr_t block = (sb->s_blocksize << 3) * bitmap;
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *info = SB_AP_BITMAP(sb) + bitmap;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+
+       /*
+        * Way old format filesystems had the bitmaps packed up front.
+        * I doubt there are any of these left, but just in case...
+        */
+       if (unlikely(test_bit(REISERFS_OLD_FORMAT,
+                             &REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_properties)))
+               block = REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_sbh->b_blocknr + 1 + bitmap;
+       else if (bitmap == 0)
+               block = (REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES >> sb->s_blocksize_bits) + 1;
+
+       bh = sb_bread(sb, block);
+       if (bh == NULL)
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "sh-2029: %s: bitmap block (#%u) "
+                                "reading failed", __func__, block);
+       else {
+               if (buffer_locked(bh)) {
+                       int depth;
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, scan_bitmap.wait);
+                       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+                       __wait_on_buffer(bh);
+                       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+               }
+               BUG_ON(!buffer_uptodate(bh));
+               BUG_ON(atomic_read(&bh->b_count) == 0);
+
+               if (info->free_count == UINT_MAX)
+                       reiserfs_cache_bitmap_metadata(sb, bh, info);
+       }
+
+       return bh;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_init_bitmap_cache(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *bitmap;
+       unsigned int bmap_nr = reiserfs_bmap_count(sb);
+
+       bitmap = vmalloc(array_size(bmap_nr, sizeof(*bitmap)));
+       if (bitmap == NULL)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       memset(bitmap, 0xff, sizeof(*bitmap) * bmap_nr);
+
+       SB_AP_BITMAP(sb) = bitmap;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_free_bitmap_cache(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       if (SB_AP_BITMAP(sb)) {
+               vfree(SB_AP_BITMAP(sb));
+               SB_AP_BITMAP(sb) = NULL;
+       }
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/dir.c b/fs/reiserfs/dir.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..79ee2b436685
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/dir.c
@@ -0,0 +1,346 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+
+extern const struct reiserfs_key MIN_KEY;
+
+static int reiserfs_readdir(struct file *, struct dir_context *);
+static int reiserfs_dir_fsync(struct file *filp, loff_t start, loff_t end,
+                             int datasync);
+
+const struct file_operations reiserfs_dir_operations = {
+       .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
+       .read = generic_read_dir,
+       .iterate_shared = reiserfs_readdir,
+       .fsync = reiserfs_dir_fsync,
+       .unlocked_ioctl = reiserfs_ioctl,
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+       .compat_ioctl = reiserfs_compat_ioctl,
+#endif
+};
+
+static int reiserfs_dir_fsync(struct file *filp, loff_t start, loff_t end,
+                             int datasync)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = filp->f_mapping->host;
+       int err;
+
+       err = file_write_and_wait_range(filp, start, end);
+       if (err)
+               return err;
+
+       inode_lock(inode);
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       err = reiserfs_commit_for_inode(inode);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       inode_unlock(inode);
+       if (err < 0)
+               return err;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#define store_ih(where,what) copy_item_head (where, what)
+
+static inline bool is_privroot_deh(struct inode *dir, struct reiserfs_de_head *deh)
+{
+       struct dentry *privroot = REISERFS_SB(dir->i_sb)->priv_root;
+       return (d_really_is_positive(privroot) &&
+               deh->deh_objectid == INODE_PKEY(d_inode(privroot))->k_objectid);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_readdir_inode(struct inode *inode, struct dir_context *ctx)
+{
+
+       /* key of current position in the directory (key of directory entry) */
+       struct cpu_key pos_key;
+
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path_to_entry);
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       int item_num, entry_num;
+       const struct reiserfs_key *rkey;
+       struct item_head *ih, tmp_ih;
+       int search_res;
+       char *local_buf;
+       loff_t next_pos;
+       char small_buf[32];     /* avoid kmalloc if we can */
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+       int ret = 0;
+       int depth;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       reiserfs_check_lock_depth(inode->i_sb, "readdir");
+
+       /*
+        * form key for search the next directory entry using
+        * f_pos field of file structure
+        */
+       make_cpu_key(&pos_key, inode, ctx->pos ?: DOT_OFFSET, TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3);
+       next_pos = cpu_key_k_offset(&pos_key);
+
+       path_to_entry.reada = PATH_READA;
+       while (1) {
+research:
+               /*
+                * search the directory item, containing entry with
+                * specified key
+                */
+               search_res =
+                   search_by_entry_key(inode->i_sb, &pos_key, &path_to_entry,
+                                       &de);
+               if (search_res == IO_ERROR) {
+                       /*
+                        * FIXME: we could just skip part of directory
+                        * which could not be read
+                        */
+                       ret = -EIO;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+               entry_num = de.de_entry_num;
+               bh = de.de_bh;
+               item_num = de.de_item_num;
+               ih = de.de_ih;
+               store_ih(&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+               /* we must have found item, that is item of this directory, */
+               RFALSE(COMP_SHORT_KEYS(&ih->ih_key, &pos_key),
+                      "vs-9000: found item %h does not match to dir we readdir %K",
+                      ih, &pos_key);
+               RFALSE(item_num > B_NR_ITEMS(bh) - 1,
+                      "vs-9005 item_num == %d, item amount == %d",
+                      item_num, B_NR_ITEMS(bh));
+
+               /*
+                * and entry must be not more than number of entries
+                * in the item
+                */
+               RFALSE(ih_entry_count(ih) < entry_num,
+                      "vs-9010: entry number is too big %d (%d)",
+                      entry_num, ih_entry_count(ih));
+
+               /*
+                * go through all entries in the directory item beginning
+                * from the entry, that has been found
+                */
+               if (search_res == POSITION_FOUND
+                   || entry_num < ih_entry_count(ih)) {
+                       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh =
+                           B_I_DEH(bh, ih) + entry_num;
+
+                       for (; entry_num < ih_entry_count(ih);
+                            entry_num++, deh++) {
+                               int d_reclen;
+                               char *d_name;
+                               ino_t d_ino;
+                               loff_t cur_pos = deh_offset(deh);
+
+                               /* it is hidden entry */
+                               if (!de_visible(deh))
+                                       continue;
+                               d_reclen = entry_length(bh, ih, entry_num);
+                               d_name = B_I_DEH_ENTRY_FILE_NAME(bh, ih, deh);
+
+                               if (d_reclen <= 0 ||
+                                   d_name + d_reclen > bh->b_data + bh->b_size) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * There is corrupted data in entry,
+                                        * We'd better stop here
+                                        */
+                                       pathrelse(&path_to_entry);
+                                       ret = -EIO;
+                                       goto out;
+                               }
+
+                               if (!d_name[d_reclen - 1])
+                                       d_reclen = strlen(d_name);
+
+                               /* too big to send back to VFS */
+                               if (d_reclen >
+                                   REISERFS_MAX_NAME(inode->i_sb->
+                                                     s_blocksize)) {
+                                       continue;
+                               }
+
+                               /* Ignore the .reiserfs_priv entry */
+                               if (is_privroot_deh(inode, deh))
+                                       continue;
+
+                               ctx->pos = deh_offset(deh);
+                               d_ino = deh_objectid(deh);
+                               if (d_reclen <= 32) {
+                                       local_buf = small_buf;
+                               } else {
+                                       local_buf = kmalloc(d_reclen,
+                                                           GFP_NOFS);
+                                       if (!local_buf) {
+                                               pathrelse(&path_to_entry);
+                                               ret = -ENOMEM;
+                                               goto out;
+                                       }
+                                       if (item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path_to_entry)) {
+                                               kfree(local_buf);
+                                               goto research;
+                                       }
+                               }
+
+                               /*
+                                * Note, that we copy name to user space via
+                                * temporary buffer (local_buf) because
+                                * filldir will block if user space buffer is
+                                * swapped out. At that time entry can move to
+                                * somewhere else
+                                */
+                               memcpy(local_buf, d_name, d_reclen);
+
+                               /*
+                                * Since filldir might sleep, we can release
+                                * the write lock here for other waiters
+                                */
+                               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+                               if (!dir_emit
+                                   (ctx, local_buf, d_reclen, d_ino,
+                                    DT_UNKNOWN)) {
+                                       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+                                       if (local_buf != small_buf) {
+                                               kfree(local_buf);
+                                       }
+                                       goto end;
+                               }
+                               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+                               if (local_buf != small_buf) {
+                                       kfree(local_buf);
+                               }
+
+                               /* deh_offset(deh) may be invalid now. */
+                               next_pos = cur_pos + 1;
+
+                               if (item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path_to_entry)) {
+                                       set_cpu_key_k_offset(&pos_key,
+                                                            next_pos);
+                                       goto research;
+                               }
+                       }       /* for */
+               }
+
+               /* end of directory has been reached */
+               if (item_num != B_NR_ITEMS(bh) - 1)
+                       goto end;
+
+               /*
+                * item we went through is last item of node. Using right
+                * delimiting key check is it directory end
+                */
+               rkey = get_rkey(&path_to_entry, inode->i_sb);
+               if (!comp_le_keys(rkey, &MIN_KEY)) {
+                       /*
+                        * set pos_key to key, that is the smallest and greater
+                        * that key of the last entry in the item
+                        */
+                       set_cpu_key_k_offset(&pos_key, next_pos);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /* end of directory has been reached */
+               if (COMP_SHORT_KEYS(rkey, &pos_key)) {
+                       goto end;
+               }
+
+               /* directory continues in the right neighboring block */
+               set_cpu_key_k_offset(&pos_key,
+                                    le_key_k_offset(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, rkey));
+
+       }                       /* while */
+
+end:
+       ctx->pos = next_pos;
+       pathrelse(&path_to_entry);
+       reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_entry);
+out:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_readdir(struct file *file, struct dir_context *ctx)
+{
+       return reiserfs_readdir_inode(file_inode(file), ctx);
+}
+
+/*
+ * compose directory item containing "." and ".." entries (entries are
+ * not aligned to 4 byte boundary)
+ */
+void make_empty_dir_item_v1(char *body, __le32 dirid, __le32 objid,
+                           __le32 par_dirid, __le32 par_objid)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *dot, *dotdot;
+
+       memset(body, 0, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1);
+       dot = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body;
+       dotdot = dot + 1;
+
+       /* direntry header of "." */
+       put_deh_offset(dot, DOT_OFFSET);
+       /* these two are from make_le_item_head, and are LE */
+       dot->deh_dir_id = dirid;
+       dot->deh_objectid = objid;
+       dot->deh_state = 0;     /* Endian safe if 0 */
+       put_deh_location(dot, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1 - strlen("."));
+       mark_de_visible(dot);
+
+       /* direntry header of ".." */
+       put_deh_offset(dotdot, DOT_DOT_OFFSET);
+       /* key of ".." for the root directory */
+       /* these two are from the inode, and are LE */
+       dotdot->deh_dir_id = par_dirid;
+       dotdot->deh_objectid = par_objid;
+       dotdot->deh_state = 0;  /* Endian safe if 0 */
+       put_deh_location(dotdot, deh_location(dot) - strlen(".."));
+       mark_de_visible(dotdot);
+
+       /* copy ".." and "." */
+       memcpy(body + deh_location(dot), ".", 1);
+       memcpy(body + deh_location(dotdot), "..", 2);
+}
+
+/* compose directory item containing "." and ".." entries */
+void make_empty_dir_item(char *body, __le32 dirid, __le32 objid,
+                        __le32 par_dirid, __le32 par_objid)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *dot, *dotdot;
+
+       memset(body, 0, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE);
+       dot = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body;
+       dotdot = dot + 1;
+
+       /* direntry header of "." */
+       put_deh_offset(dot, DOT_OFFSET);
+       /* these two are from make_le_item_head, and are LE */
+       dot->deh_dir_id = dirid;
+       dot->deh_objectid = objid;
+       dot->deh_state = 0;     /* Endian safe if 0 */
+       put_deh_location(dot, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE - ROUND_UP(strlen(".")));
+       mark_de_visible(dot);
+
+       /* direntry header of ".." */
+       put_deh_offset(dotdot, DOT_DOT_OFFSET);
+       /* key of ".." for the root directory */
+       /* these two are from the inode, and are LE */
+       dotdot->deh_dir_id = par_dirid;
+       dotdot->deh_objectid = par_objid;
+       dotdot->deh_state = 0;  /* Endian safe if 0 */
+       put_deh_location(dotdot, deh_location(dot) - ROUND_UP(strlen("..")));
+       mark_de_visible(dotdot);
+
+       /* copy ".." and "." */
+       memcpy(body + deh_location(dot), ".", 1);
+       memcpy(body + deh_location(dotdot), "..", 2);
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/do_balan.c b/fs/reiserfs/do_balan.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5129efc6f2e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/do_balan.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1900 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Now we have all buffers that must be used in balancing of the tree
+ * Further calculations can not cause schedule(), and thus the buffer
+ * tree will be stable until the balancing will be finished
+ * balance the tree according to the analysis made before,
+ * and using buffers obtained after all above.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+
+static inline void buffer_info_init_left(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                         struct buffer_info *bi)
+{
+       bi->tb          = tb;
+       bi->bi_bh       = tb->L[0];
+       bi->bi_parent   = tb->FL[0];
+       bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position(tb, 0);
+}
+
+static inline void buffer_info_init_right(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                          struct buffer_info *bi)
+{
+       bi->tb          = tb;
+       bi->bi_bh       = tb->R[0];
+       bi->bi_parent   = tb->FR[0];
+       bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position(tb, 0);
+}
+
+static inline void buffer_info_init_tbS0(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                         struct buffer_info *bi)
+{
+       bi->tb          = tb;
+       bi->bi_bh        = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       bi->bi_parent   = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0);
+       bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, 1);
+}
+
+static inline void buffer_info_init_bh(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                       struct buffer_info *bi,
+                                       struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       bi->tb          = tb;
+       bi->bi_bh       = bh;
+       bi->bi_parent   = NULL;
+       bi->bi_position = 0;
+}
+
+inline void do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                      struct buffer_head *bh, int flag)
+{
+       journal_mark_dirty(tb->transaction_handle, bh);
+}
+
+#define do_balance_mark_internal_dirty do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty
+#define do_balance_mark_sb_dirty do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty
+
+/*
+ * summary:
+ *  if deleting something ( tb->insert_size[0] < 0 )
+ *    return(balance_leaf_when_delete()); (flag d handled here)
+ *  else
+ *    if lnum is larger than 0 we put items into the left node
+ *    if rnum is larger than 0 we put items into the right node
+ *    if snum1 is larger than 0 we put items into the new node s1
+ *    if snum2 is larger than 0 we put items into the new node s2
+ * Note that all *num* count new items being created.
+ */
+
+static void balance_leaf_when_delete_del(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int item_pos = PATH_LAST_POSITION(tb->tb_path);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       struct item_head *ih = item_head(tbS0, item_pos);
+#endif
+
+       RFALSE(ih_item_len(ih) + IH_SIZE != -tb->insert_size[0],
+              "vs-12013: mode Delete, insert size %d, ih to be deleted %h",
+              -tb->insert_size[0], ih);
+
+       buffer_info_init_tbS0(tb, &bi);
+       leaf_delete_items(&bi, 0, item_pos, 1, -1);
+
+       if (!item_pos && tb->CFL[0]) {
+               if (B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0)) {
+                       replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0], tbS0, 0);
+               } else {
+                       if (!PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, 1))
+                               replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0],
+                                           PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0), 0);
+               }
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(!item_pos && !tb->CFL[0],
+              "PAP-12020: tb->CFL[0]==%p, tb->L[0]==%p", tb->CFL[0],
+              tb->L[0]);
+}
+
+/* cut item in S[0] */
+static void balance_leaf_when_delete_cut(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int item_pos = PATH_LAST_POSITION(tb->tb_path);
+       struct item_head *ih = item_head(tbS0, item_pos);
+       int pos_in_item = tb->tb_path->pos_in_item;
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+       buffer_info_init_tbS0(tb, &bi);
+
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih)) {
+               /*
+                * UFS unlink semantics are such that you can only
+                * delete one directory entry at a time.
+                *
+                * when we cut a directory tb->insert_size[0] means
+                * number of entries to be cut (always 1)
+                */
+               tb->insert_size[0] = -1;
+               leaf_cut_from_buffer(&bi, item_pos, pos_in_item,
+                                    -tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+               RFALSE(!item_pos && !pos_in_item && !tb->CFL[0],
+                      "PAP-12030: can not change delimiting key. CFL[0]=%p",
+                      tb->CFL[0]);
+
+               if (!item_pos && !pos_in_item && tb->CFL[0])
+                       replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0], tbS0, 0);
+       } else {
+               leaf_cut_from_buffer(&bi, item_pos, pos_in_item,
+                                    -tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+               RFALSE(!ih_item_len(ih),
+                      "PAP-12035: cut must leave non-zero dynamic "
+                      "length of item");
+       }
+}
+
+static int balance_leaf_when_delete_left(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+
+       /* L[0] must be joined with S[0] */
+       if (tb->lnum[0] == -1) {
+               /* R[0] must be also joined with S[0] */
+               if (tb->rnum[0] == -1) {
+                       if (tb->FR[0] == PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0)) {
+                               /*
+                                * all contents of all the
+                                * 3 buffers will be in L[0]
+                                */
+                               if (PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, 1) == 0 &&
+                                   1 < B_NR_ITEMS(tb->FR[0]))
+                                       replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0],
+                                                   tb->lkey[0], tb->FR[0], 1);
+
+                               leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, n, -1,
+                                               NULL);
+                               leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_R_TO_L, tb,
+                                               B_NR_ITEMS(tb->R[0]), -1,
+                                               NULL);
+
+                               reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbS0);
+                               reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tb->R[0]);
+
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+
+                       /* all contents of all the 3 buffers will be in R[0] */
+                       leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, n, -1, NULL);
+                       leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_L_TO_R, tb,
+                                       B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0]), -1, NULL);
+
+                       /* right_delimiting_key is correct in R[0] */
+                       replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0], tb->R[0], 0);
+
+                       reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbS0);
+                       reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tb->L[0]);
+
+                       return -1;
+               }
+
+               RFALSE(tb->rnum[0] != 0,
+                      "PAP-12045: rnum must be 0 (%d)", tb->rnum[0]);
+               /* all contents of L[0] and S[0] will be in L[0] */
+               leaf_shift_left(tb, n, -1);
+
+               reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbS0);
+
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * a part of contents of S[0] will be in L[0] and
+        * the rest part of S[0] will be in R[0]
+        */
+
+       RFALSE((tb->lnum[0] + tb->rnum[0] < n) ||
+              (tb->lnum[0] + tb->rnum[0] > n + 1),
+              "PAP-12050: rnum(%d) and lnum(%d) and item "
+              "number(%d) in S[0] are not consistent",
+              tb->rnum[0], tb->lnum[0], n);
+       RFALSE((tb->lnum[0] + tb->rnum[0] == n) &&
+              (tb->lbytes != -1 || tb->rbytes != -1),
+              "PAP-12055: bad rbytes (%d)/lbytes (%d) "
+              "parameters when items are not split",
+              tb->rbytes, tb->lbytes);
+       RFALSE((tb->lnum[0] + tb->rnum[0] == n + 1) &&
+              (tb->lbytes < 1 || tb->rbytes != -1),
+              "PAP-12060: bad rbytes (%d)/lbytes (%d) "
+              "parameters when items are split",
+              tb->rbytes, tb->lbytes);
+
+       leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes);
+       leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0], tb->rbytes);
+
+       reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbS0);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Balance leaf node in case of delete or cut: insert_size[0] < 0
+ *
+ * lnum, rnum can have values >= -1
+ *     -1 means that the neighbor must be joined with S
+ *      0 means that nothing should be done with the neighbor
+ *     >0 means to shift entirely or partly the specified number of items
+ *         to the neighbor
+ */
+static int balance_leaf_when_delete(struct tree_balance *tb, int flag)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+       int n;
+
+       RFALSE(tb->FR[0] && B_LEVEL(tb->FR[0]) != DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL + 1,
+              "vs- 12000: level: wrong FR %z", tb->FR[0]);
+       RFALSE(tb->blknum[0] > 1,
+              "PAP-12005: tb->blknum == %d, can not be > 1", tb->blknum[0]);
+       RFALSE(!tb->blknum[0] && !PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0),
+              "PAP-12010: tree can not be empty");
+
+       buffer_info_init_tbS0(tb, &bi);
+
+       /* Delete or truncate the item */
+
+       BUG_ON(flag != M_DELETE && flag != M_CUT);
+       if (flag == M_DELETE)
+               balance_leaf_when_delete_del(tb);
+       else /* M_CUT */
+               balance_leaf_when_delete_cut(tb);
+
+
+       /*
+        * the rule is that no shifting occurs unless by shifting
+        * a node can be freed
+        */
+       n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+
+
+       /* L[0] takes part in balancing */
+       if (tb->lnum[0])
+               return balance_leaf_when_delete_left(tb);
+
+       if (tb->rnum[0] == -1) {
+               /* all contents of R[0] and S[0] will be in R[0] */
+               leaf_shift_right(tb, n, -1);
+               reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbS0);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(tb->rnum[0],
+              "PAP-12065: bad rnum parameter must be 0 (%d)", tb->rnum[0]);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned int balance_leaf_insert_left(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                            struct item_head *const ih,
+                                            const char * const body)
+{
+       int ret;
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0]);
+       unsigned body_shift_bytes = 0;
+
+       if (tb->item_pos == tb->lnum[0] - 1 && tb->lbytes != -1) {
+               /* part of new item falls into L[0] */
+               int new_item_len, shift;
+
+               ret = leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0] - 1, -1);
+
+               /* Calculate item length to insert to S[0] */
+               new_item_len = ih_item_len(ih) - tb->lbytes;
+
+               /* Calculate and check item length to insert to L[0] */
+               put_ih_item_len(ih, ih_item_len(ih) - new_item_len);
+
+               RFALSE(ih_item_len(ih) <= 0,
+                      "PAP-12080: there is nothing to insert into L[0]: "
+                      "ih_item_len=%d", ih_item_len(ih));
+
+               /* Insert new item into L[0] */
+               buffer_info_init_left(tb, &bi);
+               leaf_insert_into_buf(&bi, n + tb->item_pos - ret, ih, body,
+                            min_t(int, tb->zeroes_num, ih_item_len(ih)));
+
+               /*
+                * Calculate key component, item length and body to
+                * insert into S[0]
+                */
+               shift = 0;
+               if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih))
+                       shift = tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT;
+
+               add_le_ih_k_offset(ih, tb->lbytes << shift);
+
+               put_ih_item_len(ih, new_item_len);
+               if (tb->lbytes > tb->zeroes_num) {
+                       body_shift_bytes = tb->lbytes - tb->zeroes_num;
+                       tb->zeroes_num = 0;
+               } else
+                       tb->zeroes_num -= tb->lbytes;
+
+               RFALSE(ih_item_len(ih) <= 0,
+                      "PAP-12085: there is nothing to insert into S[0]: "
+                      "ih_item_len=%d", ih_item_len(ih));
+       } else {
+               /* new item in whole falls into L[0] */
+               /* Shift lnum[0]-1 items to L[0] */
+               ret = leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0] - 1, tb->lbytes);
+
+               /* Insert new item into L[0] */
+               buffer_info_init_left(tb, &bi);
+               leaf_insert_into_buf(&bi, n + tb->item_pos - ret, ih, body,
+                                    tb->zeroes_num);
+               tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+               tb->zeroes_num = 0;
+       }
+       return body_shift_bytes;
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_paste_left_shift_dirent(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                                struct item_head * const ih,
+                                                const char * const body)
+{
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0]);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       RFALSE(tb->zeroes_num,
+              "PAP-12090: invalid parameter in case of a directory");
+
+       /* directory item */
+       if (tb->lbytes > tb->pos_in_item) {
+               /* new directory entry falls into L[0] */
+               struct item_head *pasted;
+               int ret, l_pos_in_item = tb->pos_in_item;
+
+               /*
+                * Shift lnum[0] - 1 items in whole.
+                * Shift lbytes - 1 entries from given directory item
+                */
+               ret = leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes - 1);
+               if (ret && !tb->item_pos) {
+                       pasted = item_head(tb->L[0], B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0]) - 1);
+                       l_pos_in_item += ih_entry_count(pasted) -
+                                        (tb->lbytes - 1);
+               }
+
+               /* Append given directory entry to directory item */
+               buffer_info_init_left(tb, &bi);
+               leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, n + tb->item_pos - ret,
+                                    l_pos_in_item, tb->insert_size[0],
+                                    body, tb->zeroes_num);
+
+               /*
+                * previous string prepared space for pasting new entry,
+                * following string pastes this entry
+                */
+
+               /*
+                * when we have merge directory item, pos_in_item
+                * has been changed too
+                */
+
+               /* paste new directory entry. 1 is entry number */
+               leaf_paste_entries(&bi, n + tb->item_pos - ret,
+                                  l_pos_in_item, 1,
+                                  (struct reiserfs_de_head *) body,
+                                  body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]);
+               tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+       } else {
+               /* new directory item doesn't fall into L[0] */
+               /*
+                * Shift lnum[0]-1 items in whole. Shift lbytes
+                * directory entries from directory item number lnum[0]
+                */
+               leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes);
+       }
+
+       /* Calculate new position to append in item body */
+       tb->pos_in_item -= tb->lbytes;
+}
+
+static unsigned int balance_leaf_paste_left_shift(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                                 struct item_head * const ih,
+                                                 const char * const body)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0]);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+       int body_shift_bytes = 0;
+
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos))) {
+               balance_leaf_paste_left_shift_dirent(tb, ih, body);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(tb->lbytes <= 0,
+              "PAP-12095: there is nothing to shift to L[0]. "
+              "lbytes=%d", tb->lbytes);
+       RFALSE(tb->pos_in_item != ih_item_len(item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos)),
+              "PAP-12100: incorrect position to paste: "
+              "item_len=%d, pos_in_item=%d",
+              ih_item_len(item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos)), tb->pos_in_item);
+
+       /* appended item will be in L[0] in whole */
+       if (tb->lbytes >= tb->pos_in_item) {
+               struct item_head *tbS0_pos_ih, *tbL0_ih;
+               struct item_head *tbS0_0_ih;
+               struct reiserfs_key *left_delim_key;
+               int ret, l_n, version, temp_l;
+
+               tbS0_pos_ih = item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos);
+               tbS0_0_ih = item_head(tbS0, 0);
+
+               /*
+                * this bytes number must be appended
+                * to the last item of L[h]
+                */
+               l_n = tb->lbytes - tb->pos_in_item;
+
+               /* Calculate new insert_size[0] */
+               tb->insert_size[0] -= l_n;
+
+               RFALSE(tb->insert_size[0] <= 0,
+                      "PAP-12105: there is nothing to paste into "
+                      "L[0]. insert_size=%d", tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+               ret = leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0],
+                                     ih_item_len(tbS0_pos_ih));
+
+               tbL0_ih = item_head(tb->L[0], n + tb->item_pos - ret);
+
+               /* Append to body of item in L[0] */
+               buffer_info_init_left(tb, &bi);
+               leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, n + tb->item_pos - ret,
+                                    ih_item_len(tbL0_ih), l_n, body,
+                                    min_t(int, l_n, tb->zeroes_num));
+
+               /*
+                * 0-th item in S0 can be only of DIRECT type
+                * when l_n != 0
+                */
+               temp_l = l_n;
+
+               RFALSE(ih_item_len(tbS0_0_ih),
+                      "PAP-12106: item length must be 0");
+               RFALSE(comp_short_le_keys(&tbS0_0_ih->ih_key,
+                      leaf_key(tb->L[0], n + tb->item_pos - ret)),
+                      "PAP-12107: items must be of the same file");
+
+               if (is_indirect_le_ih(tbL0_ih)) {
+                       int shift = tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT;
+                       temp_l = l_n << shift;
+               }
+               /* update key of first item in S0 */
+               version = ih_version(tbS0_0_ih);
+               add_le_key_k_offset(version, &tbS0_0_ih->ih_key, temp_l);
+
+               /* update left delimiting key */
+               left_delim_key = internal_key(tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0]);
+               add_le_key_k_offset(version, left_delim_key, temp_l);
+
+               /*
+                * Calculate new body, position in item and
+                * insert_size[0]
+                */
+               if (l_n > tb->zeroes_num) {
+                       body_shift_bytes = l_n - tb->zeroes_num;
+                       tb->zeroes_num = 0;
+               } else
+                       tb->zeroes_num -= l_n;
+               tb->pos_in_item = 0;
+
+               RFALSE(comp_short_le_keys(&tbS0_0_ih->ih_key,
+                                         leaf_key(tb->L[0],
+                                                B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0]) - 1)) ||
+                      !op_is_left_mergeable(leaf_key(tbS0, 0), tbS0->b_size) ||
+                      !op_is_left_mergeable(left_delim_key, tbS0->b_size),
+                      "PAP-12120: item must be merge-able with left "
+                      "neighboring item");
+       } else {
+               /* only part of the appended item will be in L[0] */
+
+               /* Calculate position in item for append in S[0] */
+               tb->pos_in_item -= tb->lbytes;
+
+               RFALSE(tb->pos_in_item <= 0,
+                      "PAP-12125: no place for paste. pos_in_item=%d",
+                      tb->pos_in_item);
+
+               /*
+                * Shift lnum[0] - 1 items in whole.
+                * Shift lbytes - 1 byte from item number lnum[0]
+                */
+               leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes);
+       }
+       return body_shift_bytes;
+}
+
+
+/* appended item will be in L[0] in whole */
+static void balance_leaf_paste_left_whole(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                         struct item_head * const ih,
+                                         const char * const body)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[0]);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+       struct item_head *pasted;
+       int ret;
+
+       /* if we paste into first item of S[0] and it is left mergable */
+       if (!tb->item_pos &&
+           op_is_left_mergeable(leaf_key(tbS0, 0), tbS0->b_size)) {
+               /*
+                * then increment pos_in_item by the size of the
+                * last item in L[0]
+                */
+               pasted = item_head(tb->L[0], n - 1);
+               if (is_direntry_le_ih(pasted))
+                       tb->pos_in_item += ih_entry_count(pasted);
+               else
+                       tb->pos_in_item += ih_item_len(pasted);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Shift lnum[0] - 1 items in whole.
+        * Shift lbytes - 1 byte from item number lnum[0]
+        */
+       ret = leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes);
+
+       /* Append to body of item in L[0] */
+       buffer_info_init_left(tb, &bi);
+       leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, n + tb->item_pos - ret, tb->pos_in_item,
+                            tb->insert_size[0], body, tb->zeroes_num);
+
+       /* if appended item is directory, paste entry */
+       pasted = item_head(tb->L[0], n + tb->item_pos - ret);
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(pasted))
+               leaf_paste_entries(&bi, n + tb->item_pos - ret,
+                                  tb->pos_in_item, 1,
+                                  (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body,
+                                  body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+       /*
+        * if appended item is indirect item, put unformatted node
+        * into un list
+        */
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(pasted))
+               set_ih_free_space(pasted, 0);
+
+       tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+       tb->zeroes_num = 0;
+}
+
+static unsigned int balance_leaf_paste_left(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                           struct item_head * const ih,
+                                           const char * const body)
+{
+       /* we must shift the part of the appended item */
+       if (tb->item_pos == tb->lnum[0] - 1 && tb->lbytes != -1)
+               return balance_leaf_paste_left_shift(tb, ih, body);
+       else
+               balance_leaf_paste_left_whole(tb, ih, body);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* Shift lnum[0] items from S[0] to the left neighbor L[0] */
+static unsigned int balance_leaf_left(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                     struct item_head * const ih,
+                                     const char * const body, int flag)
+{
+       if (tb->lnum[0] <= 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       /* new item or it part falls to L[0], shift it too */
+       if (tb->item_pos < tb->lnum[0]) {
+               BUG_ON(flag != M_INSERT && flag != M_PASTE);
+
+               if (flag == M_INSERT)
+                       return balance_leaf_insert_left(tb, ih, body);
+               else /* M_PASTE */
+                       return balance_leaf_paste_left(tb, ih, body);
+       } else
+               /* new item doesn't fall into L[0] */
+               leaf_shift_left(tb, tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+
+static void balance_leaf_insert_right(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                     struct item_head * const ih,
+                                     const char * const body)
+{
+
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       /* new item or part of it doesn't fall into R[0] */
+       if (n - tb->rnum[0] >= tb->item_pos) {
+               leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0], tb->rbytes);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* new item or its part falls to R[0] */
+
+       /* part of new item falls into R[0] */
+       if (tb->item_pos == n - tb->rnum[0] + 1 && tb->rbytes != -1) {
+               loff_t old_key_comp, old_len, r_zeroes_number;
+               const char *r_body;
+               int shift;
+               loff_t offset;
+
+               leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0] - 1, -1);
+
+               /* Remember key component and item length */
+               old_key_comp = le_ih_k_offset(ih);
+               old_len = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+               /*
+                * Calculate key component and item length to insert
+                * into R[0]
+                */
+               shift = 0;
+               if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih))
+                       shift = tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT;
+               offset = le_ih_k_offset(ih) + ((old_len - tb->rbytes) << shift);
+               set_le_ih_k_offset(ih, offset);
+               put_ih_item_len(ih, tb->rbytes);
+
+               /* Insert part of the item into R[0] */
+               buffer_info_init_right(tb, &bi);
+               if ((old_len - tb->rbytes) > tb->zeroes_num) {
+                       r_zeroes_number = 0;
+                       r_body = body + (old_len - tb->rbytes) - tb->zeroes_num;
+               } else {
+                       r_body = body;
+                       r_zeroes_number = tb->zeroes_num -
+                                         (old_len - tb->rbytes);
+                       tb->zeroes_num -= r_zeroes_number;
+               }
+
+               leaf_insert_into_buf(&bi, 0, ih, r_body, r_zeroes_number);
+
+               /* Replace right delimiting key by first key in R[0] */
+               replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0], tb->R[0], 0);
+
+               /*
+                * Calculate key component and item length to
+                * insert into S[0]
+                */
+               set_le_ih_k_offset(ih, old_key_comp);
+               put_ih_item_len(ih, old_len - tb->rbytes);
+
+               tb->insert_size[0] -= tb->rbytes;
+
+       } else {
+               /* whole new item falls into R[0] */
+
+               /* Shift rnum[0]-1 items to R[0] */
+               leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0] - 1, tb->rbytes);
+
+               /* Insert new item into R[0] */
+               buffer_info_init_right(tb, &bi);
+               leaf_insert_into_buf(&bi, tb->item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0] - 1,
+                                    ih, body, tb->zeroes_num);
+
+               if (tb->item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0] - 1 == 0)
+                       replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0], tb->R[0], 0);
+
+               tb->zeroes_num = tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+       }
+}
+
+
+static void balance_leaf_paste_right_shift_dirent(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                    struct item_head * const ih,
+                                    const char * const body)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+       int entry_count;
+
+       RFALSE(tb->zeroes_num,
+              "PAP-12145: invalid parameter in case of a directory");
+       entry_count = ih_entry_count(item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos));
+
+       /* new directory entry falls into R[0] */
+       if (entry_count - tb->rbytes < tb->pos_in_item) {
+               int paste_entry_position;
+
+               RFALSE(tb->rbytes - 1 >= entry_count || !tb->insert_size[0],
+                      "PAP-12150: no enough of entries to shift to R[0]: "
+                      "rbytes=%d, entry_count=%d", tb->rbytes, entry_count);
+
+               /*
+                * Shift rnum[0]-1 items in whole.
+                * Shift rbytes-1 directory entries from directory
+                * item number rnum[0]
+                */
+               leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0], tb->rbytes - 1);
+
+               /* Paste given directory entry to directory item */
+               paste_entry_position = tb->pos_in_item - entry_count +
+                                      tb->rbytes - 1;
+               buffer_info_init_right(tb, &bi);
+               leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, 0, paste_entry_position,
+                                    tb->insert_size[0], body, tb->zeroes_num);
+
+               /* paste entry */
+               leaf_paste_entries(&bi, 0, paste_entry_position, 1,
+                                  (struct reiserfs_de_head *) body,
+                                  body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+               /* change delimiting keys */
+               if (paste_entry_position == 0)
+                       replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0], tb->R[0], 0);
+
+               tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+               tb->pos_in_item++;
+       } else {
+               /* new directory entry doesn't fall into R[0] */
+               leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0], tb->rbytes);
+       }
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_paste_right_shift(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                    struct item_head * const ih,
+                                    const char * const body)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n_shift, n_rem, r_zeroes_number, version;
+       unsigned long temp_rem;
+       const char *r_body;
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       /* we append to directory item */
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos))) {
+               balance_leaf_paste_right_shift_dirent(tb, ih, body);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* regular object */
+
+       /*
+        * Calculate number of bytes which must be shifted
+        * from appended item
+        */
+       n_shift = tb->rbytes - tb->insert_size[0];
+       if (n_shift < 0)
+               n_shift = 0;
+
+       RFALSE(tb->pos_in_item != ih_item_len(item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos)),
+              "PAP-12155: invalid position to paste. ih_item_len=%d, "
+              "pos_in_item=%d", tb->pos_in_item,
+              ih_item_len(item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos)));
+
+       leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0], n_shift);
+
+       /*
+        * Calculate number of bytes which must remain in body
+        * after appending to R[0]
+        */
+       n_rem = tb->insert_size[0] - tb->rbytes;
+       if (n_rem < 0)
+               n_rem = 0;
+
+       temp_rem = n_rem;
+
+       version = ih_version(item_head(tb->R[0], 0));
+
+       if (is_indirect_le_key(version, leaf_key(tb->R[0], 0))) {
+               int shift = tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT;
+               temp_rem = n_rem << shift;
+       }
+
+       add_le_key_k_offset(version, leaf_key(tb->R[0], 0), temp_rem);
+       add_le_key_k_offset(version, internal_key(tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0]),
+                           temp_rem);
+
+       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(tb, tb->CFR[0], 0);
+
+       /* Append part of body into R[0] */
+       buffer_info_init_right(tb, &bi);
+       if (n_rem > tb->zeroes_num) {
+               r_zeroes_number = 0;
+               r_body = body + n_rem - tb->zeroes_num;
+       } else {
+               r_body = body;
+               r_zeroes_number = tb->zeroes_num - n_rem;
+               tb->zeroes_num -= r_zeroes_number;
+       }
+
+       leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, 0, n_shift, tb->insert_size[0] - n_rem,
+                            r_body, r_zeroes_number);
+
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(item_head(tb->R[0], 0)))
+               set_ih_free_space(item_head(tb->R[0], 0), 0);
+
+       tb->insert_size[0] = n_rem;
+       if (!n_rem)
+               tb->pos_in_item++;
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_paste_right_whole(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                    struct item_head * const ih,
+                                    const char * const body)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+       struct item_head *pasted;
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       buffer_info_init_right(tb, &bi);
+       leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0], tb->rbytes);
+
+       /* append item in R[0] */
+       if (tb->pos_in_item >= 0) {
+               buffer_info_init_right(tb, &bi);
+               leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, tb->item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0],
+                                    tb->pos_in_item, tb->insert_size[0], body,
+                                    tb->zeroes_num);
+       }
+
+       /* paste new entry, if item is directory item */
+       pasted = item_head(tb->R[0], tb->item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0]);
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(pasted) && tb->pos_in_item >= 0) {
+               leaf_paste_entries(&bi, tb->item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0],
+                                  tb->pos_in_item, 1,
+                                  (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body,
+                                  body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+               if (!tb->pos_in_item) {
+
+                       RFALSE(tb->item_pos - n + tb->rnum[0],
+                              "PAP-12165: directory item must be first "
+                              "item of node when pasting is in 0th position");
+
+                       /* update delimiting keys */
+                       replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0], tb->R[0], 0);
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(pasted))
+               set_ih_free_space(pasted, 0);
+       tb->zeroes_num = tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_paste_right(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                    struct item_head * const ih,
+                                    const char * const body)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+
+       /* new item doesn't fall into R[0] */
+       if (n - tb->rnum[0] > tb->item_pos) {
+               leaf_shift_right(tb, tb->rnum[0], tb->rbytes);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* pasted item or part of it falls to R[0] */
+
+       if (tb->item_pos == n - tb->rnum[0] && tb->rbytes != -1)
+               /* we must shift the part of the appended item */
+               balance_leaf_paste_right_shift(tb, ih, body);
+       else
+               /* pasted item in whole falls into R[0] */
+               balance_leaf_paste_right_whole(tb, ih, body);
+}
+
+/* shift rnum[0] items from S[0] to the right neighbor R[0] */
+static void balance_leaf_right(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                              struct item_head * const ih,
+                              const char * const body, int flag)
+{
+       if (tb->rnum[0] <= 0)
+               return;
+
+       BUG_ON(flag != M_INSERT && flag != M_PASTE);
+
+       if (flag == M_INSERT)
+               balance_leaf_insert_right(tb, ih, body);
+       else /* M_PASTE */
+               balance_leaf_paste_right(tb, ih, body);
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_new_nodes_insert(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                         struct item_head * const ih,
+                                         const char * const body,
+                                         struct item_head *insert_key,
+                                         struct buffer_head **insert_ptr,
+                                         int i)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+       int shift;
+
+       /* new item or it part don't falls into S_new[i] */
+       if (n - tb->snum[i] >= tb->item_pos) {
+               leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb,
+                               tb->snum[i], tb->sbytes[i], tb->S_new[i]);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* new item or it's part falls to first new node S_new[i] */
+
+       /* part of new item falls into S_new[i] */
+       if (tb->item_pos == n - tb->snum[i] + 1 && tb->sbytes[i] != -1) {
+               int old_key_comp, old_len, r_zeroes_number;
+               const char *r_body;
+
+               /* Move snum[i]-1 items from S[0] to S_new[i] */
+               leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, tb->snum[i] - 1, -1,
+                               tb->S_new[i]);
+
+               /* Remember key component and item length */
+               old_key_comp = le_ih_k_offset(ih);
+               old_len = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+               /*
+                * Calculate key component and item length to insert
+                * into S_new[i]
+                */
+               shift = 0;
+               if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih))
+                       shift = tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT;
+               set_le_ih_k_offset(ih,
+                                  le_ih_k_offset(ih) +
+                                  ((old_len - tb->sbytes[i]) << shift));
+
+               put_ih_item_len(ih, tb->sbytes[i]);
+
+               /* Insert part of the item into S_new[i] before 0-th item */
+               buffer_info_init_bh(tb, &bi, tb->S_new[i]);
+
+               if ((old_len - tb->sbytes[i]) > tb->zeroes_num) {
+                       r_zeroes_number = 0;
+                       r_body = body + (old_len - tb->sbytes[i]) -
+                                        tb->zeroes_num;
+               } else {
+                       r_body = body;
+                       r_zeroes_number = tb->zeroes_num - (old_len -
+                                         tb->sbytes[i]);
+                       tb->zeroes_num -= r_zeroes_number;
+               }
+
+               leaf_insert_into_buf(&bi, 0, ih, r_body, r_zeroes_number);
+
+               /*
+                * Calculate key component and item length to
+                * insert into S[i]
+                */
+               set_le_ih_k_offset(ih, old_key_comp);
+               put_ih_item_len(ih, old_len - tb->sbytes[i]);
+               tb->insert_size[0] -= tb->sbytes[i];
+       } else {
+               /* whole new item falls into S_new[i] */
+
+               /*
+                * Shift snum[0] - 1 items to S_new[i]
+                * (sbytes[i] of split item)
+                */
+               leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb,
+                               tb->snum[i] - 1, tb->sbytes[i], tb->S_new[i]);
+
+               /* Insert new item into S_new[i] */
+               buffer_info_init_bh(tb, &bi, tb->S_new[i]);
+               leaf_insert_into_buf(&bi, tb->item_pos - n + tb->snum[i] - 1,
+                                    ih, body, tb->zeroes_num);
+
+               tb->zeroes_num = tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+       }
+}
+
+/* we append to directory item */
+static void balance_leaf_new_nodes_paste_dirent(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                        struct item_head * const ih,
+                                        const char * const body,
+                                        struct item_head *insert_key,
+                                        struct buffer_head **insert_ptr,
+                                        int i)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       struct item_head *aux_ih = item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos);
+       int entry_count = ih_entry_count(aux_ih);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       if (entry_count - tb->sbytes[i] < tb->pos_in_item &&
+           tb->pos_in_item <= entry_count) {
+               /* new directory entry falls into S_new[i] */
+
+               RFALSE(!tb->insert_size[0],
+                      "PAP-12215: insert_size is already 0");
+               RFALSE(tb->sbytes[i] - 1 >= entry_count,
+                      "PAP-12220: there are no so much entries (%d), only %d",
+                      tb->sbytes[i] - 1, entry_count);
+
+               /*
+                * Shift snum[i]-1 items in whole.
+                * Shift sbytes[i] directory entries
+                * from directory item number snum[i]
+                */
+               leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, tb->snum[i],
+                               tb->sbytes[i] - 1, tb->S_new[i]);
+
+               /*
+                * Paste given directory entry to
+                * directory item
+                */
+               buffer_info_init_bh(tb, &bi, tb->S_new[i]);
+               leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, 0, tb->pos_in_item - entry_count +
+                                    tb->sbytes[i] - 1, tb->insert_size[0],
+                                    body, tb->zeroes_num);
+
+               /* paste new directory entry */
+               leaf_paste_entries(&bi, 0, tb->pos_in_item - entry_count +
+                                  tb->sbytes[i] - 1, 1,
+                                  (struct reiserfs_de_head *) body,
+                                  body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+               tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+               tb->pos_in_item++;
+       } else {
+               /* new directory entry doesn't fall into S_new[i] */
+               leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, tb->snum[i],
+                               tb->sbytes[i], tb->S_new[i]);
+       }
+
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_new_nodes_paste_shift(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                        struct item_head * const ih,
+                                        const char * const body,
+                                        struct item_head *insert_key,
+                                        struct buffer_head **insert_ptr,
+                                        int i)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       struct item_head *aux_ih = item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos);
+       int n_shift, n_rem, r_zeroes_number, shift;
+       const char *r_body;
+       struct item_head *tmp;
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       RFALSE(ih, "PAP-12210: ih must be 0");
+
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(aux_ih)) {
+               balance_leaf_new_nodes_paste_dirent(tb, ih, body, insert_key,
+                                                   insert_ptr, i);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* regular object */
+
+
+       RFALSE(tb->pos_in_item != ih_item_len(item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos)) ||
+              tb->insert_size[0] <= 0,
+              "PAP-12225: item too short or insert_size <= 0");
+
+       /*
+        * Calculate number of bytes which must be shifted from appended item
+        */
+       n_shift = tb->sbytes[i] - tb->insert_size[0];
+       if (n_shift < 0)
+               n_shift = 0;
+       leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, tb->snum[i], n_shift,
+                       tb->S_new[i]);
+
+       /*
+        * Calculate number of bytes which must remain in body after
+        * append to S_new[i]
+        */
+       n_rem = tb->insert_size[0] - tb->sbytes[i];
+       if (n_rem < 0)
+               n_rem = 0;
+
+       /* Append part of body into S_new[0] */
+       buffer_info_init_bh(tb, &bi, tb->S_new[i]);
+       if (n_rem > tb->zeroes_num) {
+               r_zeroes_number = 0;
+               r_body = body + n_rem - tb->zeroes_num;
+       } else {
+               r_body = body;
+               r_zeroes_number = tb->zeroes_num - n_rem;
+               tb->zeroes_num -= r_zeroes_number;
+       }
+
+       leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, 0, n_shift, tb->insert_size[0] - n_rem,
+                            r_body, r_zeroes_number);
+
+       tmp = item_head(tb->S_new[i], 0);
+       shift = 0;
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(tmp)) {
+               set_ih_free_space(tmp, 0);
+               shift = tb->tb_sb->s_blocksize_bits - UNFM_P_SHIFT;
+       }
+       add_le_ih_k_offset(tmp, n_rem << shift);
+
+       tb->insert_size[0] = n_rem;
+       if (!n_rem)
+               tb->pos_in_item++;
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_new_nodes_paste_whole(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                              struct item_head * const ih,
+                                              const char * const body,
+                                              struct item_head *insert_key,
+                                              struct buffer_head **insert_ptr,
+                                              int i)
+
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+       int leaf_mi;
+       struct item_head *pasted;
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       struct item_head *ih_check = item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos);
+
+       if (!is_direntry_le_ih(ih_check) &&
+           (tb->pos_in_item != ih_item_len(ih_check) ||
+           tb->insert_size[0] <= 0))
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb,
+                            "PAP-12235",
+                            "pos_in_item must be equal to ih_item_len");
+#endif
+
+       leaf_mi = leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb, tb->snum[i],
+                                 tb->sbytes[i], tb->S_new[i]);
+
+       RFALSE(leaf_mi,
+              "PAP-12240: unexpected value returned by leaf_move_items (%d)",
+              leaf_mi);
+
+       /* paste into item */
+       buffer_info_init_bh(tb, &bi, tb->S_new[i]);
+       leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, tb->item_pos - n + tb->snum[i],
+                            tb->pos_in_item, tb->insert_size[0],
+                            body, tb->zeroes_num);
+
+       pasted = item_head(tb->S_new[i], tb->item_pos - n +
+                          tb->snum[i]);
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(pasted))
+               leaf_paste_entries(&bi, tb->item_pos - n + tb->snum[i],
+                                  tb->pos_in_item, 1,
+                                  (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body,
+                                  body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+       /* if we paste to indirect item update ih_free_space */
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(pasted))
+               set_ih_free_space(pasted, 0);
+
+       tb->zeroes_num = tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+
+}
+static void balance_leaf_new_nodes_paste(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                        struct item_head * const ih,
+                                        const char * const body,
+                                        struct item_head *insert_key,
+                                        struct buffer_head **insert_ptr,
+                                        int i)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0);
+
+       /* pasted item doesn't fall into S_new[i] */
+       if (n - tb->snum[i] > tb->item_pos) {
+               leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW, tb,
+                               tb->snum[i], tb->sbytes[i], tb->S_new[i]);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* pasted item or part if it falls to S_new[i] */
+
+       if (tb->item_pos == n - tb->snum[i] && tb->sbytes[i] != -1)
+               /* we must shift part of the appended item */
+               balance_leaf_new_nodes_paste_shift(tb, ih, body, insert_key,
+                                                  insert_ptr, i);
+       else
+               /* item falls wholly into S_new[i] */
+               balance_leaf_new_nodes_paste_whole(tb, ih, body, insert_key,
+                                                  insert_ptr, i);
+}
+
+/* Fill new nodes that appear in place of S[0] */
+static void balance_leaf_new_nodes(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                  struct item_head * const ih,
+                                  const char * const body,
+                                  struct item_head *insert_key,
+                                  struct buffer_head **insert_ptr,
+                                  int flag)
+{
+       int i;
+       for (i = tb->blknum[0] - 2; i >= 0; i--) {
+               BUG_ON(flag != M_INSERT && flag != M_PASTE);
+
+               RFALSE(!tb->snum[i],
+                      "PAP-12200: snum[%d] == %d. Must be > 0", i,
+                      tb->snum[i]);
+
+               /* here we shift from S to S_new nodes */
+
+               tb->S_new[i] = get_FEB(tb);
+
+               /* initialized block type and tree level */
+               set_blkh_level(B_BLK_HEAD(tb->S_new[i]), DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL);
+
+               if (flag == M_INSERT)
+                       balance_leaf_new_nodes_insert(tb, ih, body, insert_key,
+                                                     insert_ptr, i);
+               else /* M_PASTE */
+                       balance_leaf_new_nodes_paste(tb, ih, body, insert_key,
+                                                    insert_ptr, i);
+
+               memcpy(insert_key + i, leaf_key(tb->S_new[i], 0), KEY_SIZE);
+               insert_ptr[i] = tb->S_new[i];
+
+               RFALSE(!buffer_journaled(tb->S_new[i])
+                      || buffer_journal_dirty(tb->S_new[i])
+                      || buffer_dirty(tb->S_new[i]),
+                      "PAP-12247: S_new[%d] : (%b)",
+                      i, tb->S_new[i]);
+       }
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_finish_node_insert(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                           struct item_head * const ih,
+                                           const char * const body)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+       buffer_info_init_tbS0(tb, &bi);
+       leaf_insert_into_buf(&bi, tb->item_pos, ih, body, tb->zeroes_num);
+
+       /* If we insert the first key change the delimiting key */
+       if (tb->item_pos == 0) {
+               if (tb->CFL[0]) /* can be 0 in reiserfsck */
+                       replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0], tbS0, 0);
+
+       }
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_finish_node_paste_dirent(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                                 struct item_head * const ih,
+                                                 const char * const body)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       struct item_head *pasted = item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       if (tb->pos_in_item >= 0 && tb->pos_in_item <= ih_entry_count(pasted)) {
+               RFALSE(!tb->insert_size[0],
+                      "PAP-12260: insert_size is 0 already");
+
+               /* prepare space */
+               buffer_info_init_tbS0(tb, &bi);
+               leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, tb->item_pos, tb->pos_in_item,
+                                    tb->insert_size[0], body, tb->zeroes_num);
+
+               /* paste entry */
+               leaf_paste_entries(&bi, tb->item_pos, tb->pos_in_item, 1,
+                                  (struct reiserfs_de_head *)body,
+                                  body + DEH_SIZE, tb->insert_size[0]);
+
+               if (!tb->item_pos && !tb->pos_in_item) {
+                       RFALSE(!tb->CFL[0] || !tb->L[0],
+                              "PAP-12270: CFL[0]/L[0] must  be specified");
+                       if (tb->CFL[0])
+                               replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0],
+                                           tbS0, 0);
+               }
+
+               tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+       }
+}
+
+static void balance_leaf_finish_node_paste(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                          struct item_head * const ih,
+                                          const char * const body)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+       struct item_head *pasted = item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos);
+
+       /* when directory, may be new entry already pasted */
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(pasted)) {
+               balance_leaf_finish_node_paste_dirent(tb, ih, body);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* regular object */
+
+       if (tb->pos_in_item == ih_item_len(pasted)) {
+               RFALSE(tb->insert_size[0] <= 0,
+                      "PAP-12275: insert size must not be %d",
+                      tb->insert_size[0]);
+               buffer_info_init_tbS0(tb, &bi);
+               leaf_paste_in_buffer(&bi, tb->item_pos,
+                                    tb->pos_in_item, tb->insert_size[0], body,
+                                    tb->zeroes_num);
+
+               if (is_indirect_le_ih(pasted))
+                       set_ih_free_space(pasted, 0);
+
+               tb->insert_size[0] = 0;
+       }
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       else if (tb->insert_size[0]) {
+               print_cur_tb("12285");
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12285",
+                   "insert_size must be 0 (%d)", tb->insert_size[0]);
+       }
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * if the affected item was not wholly shifted then we
+ * perform all necessary operations on that part or whole
+ * of the affected item which remains in S
+ */
+static void balance_leaf_finish_node(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                     struct item_head * const ih,
+                                     const char * const body, int flag)
+{
+       /* if we must insert or append into buffer S[0] */
+       if (0 <= tb->item_pos && tb->item_pos < tb->s0num) {
+               if (flag == M_INSERT)
+                       balance_leaf_finish_node_insert(tb, ih, body);
+               else /* M_PASTE */
+                       balance_leaf_finish_node_paste(tb, ih, body);
+       }
+}
+
+/**
+ * balance_leaf - reiserfs tree balancing algorithm
+ * @tb: tree balance state
+ * @ih: item header of inserted item (little endian)
+ * @body: body of inserted item or bytes to paste
+ * @flag: i - insert, d - delete, c - cut, p - paste (see do_balance)
+ * passed back:
+ * @insert_key: key to insert new nodes
+ * @insert_ptr: array of nodes to insert at the next level
+ *
+ * In our processing of one level we sometimes determine what must be
+ * inserted into the next higher level.  This insertion consists of a
+ * key or two keys and their corresponding pointers.
+ */
+static int balance_leaf(struct tree_balance *tb, struct item_head *ih,
+                       const char *body, int flag,
+                       struct item_head *insert_key,
+                       struct buffer_head **insert_ptr)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+
+       PROC_INFO_INC(tb->tb_sb, balance_at[0]);
+
+       /* Make balance in case insert_size[0] < 0 */
+       if (tb->insert_size[0] < 0)
+               return balance_leaf_when_delete(tb, flag);
+
+       tb->item_pos = PATH_LAST_POSITION(tb->tb_path),
+       tb->pos_in_item = tb->tb_path->pos_in_item,
+       tb->zeroes_num = 0;
+       if (flag == M_INSERT && !body)
+               tb->zeroes_num = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+       /*
+        * for indirect item pos_in_item is measured in unformatted node
+        * pointers. Recalculate to bytes
+        */
+       if (flag != M_INSERT
+           && is_indirect_le_ih(item_head(tbS0, tb->item_pos)))
+               tb->pos_in_item *= UNFM_P_SIZE;
+
+       body += balance_leaf_left(tb, ih, body, flag);
+
+       /* tb->lnum[0] > 0 */
+       /* Calculate new item position */
+       tb->item_pos -= (tb->lnum[0] - ((tb->lbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0));
+
+       balance_leaf_right(tb, ih, body, flag);
+
+       /* tb->rnum[0] > 0 */
+       RFALSE(tb->blknum[0] > 3,
+              "PAP-12180: blknum can not be %d. It must be <= 3", tb->blknum[0]);
+       RFALSE(tb->blknum[0] < 0,
+              "PAP-12185: blknum can not be %d. It must be >= 0", tb->blknum[0]);
+
+       /*
+        * if while adding to a node we discover that it is possible to split
+        * it in two, and merge the left part into the left neighbor and the
+        * right part into the right neighbor, eliminating the node
+        */
+       if (tb->blknum[0] == 0) {       /* node S[0] is empty now */
+
+               RFALSE(!tb->lnum[0] || !tb->rnum[0],
+                      "PAP-12190: lnum and rnum must not be zero");
+               /*
+                * if insertion was done before 0-th position in R[0], right
+                * delimiting key of the tb->L[0]'s and left delimiting key are
+                * not set correctly
+                */
+               if (tb->CFL[0]) {
+                       if (!tb->CFR[0])
+                               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-12195",
+                                              "CFR not initialized");
+                       copy_key(internal_key(tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0]),
+                                internal_key(tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0]));
+                       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(tb, tb->CFL[0], 0);
+               }
+
+               reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbS0);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       balance_leaf_new_nodes(tb, ih, body, insert_key, insert_ptr, flag);
+
+       balance_leaf_finish_node(tb, ih, body, flag);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       if (flag == M_PASTE && tb->insert_size[0]) {
+               print_cur_tb("12290");
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb,
+                              "PAP-12290", "insert_size is still not 0 (%d)",
+                              tb->insert_size[0]);
+       }
+#endif
+
+       /* Leaf level of the tree is balanced (end of balance_leaf) */
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* Make empty node */
+void make_empty_node(struct buffer_info *bi)
+{
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+
+       RFALSE(bi->bi_bh == NULL, "PAP-12295: pointer to the buffer is NULL");
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bi->bi_bh);
+       set_blkh_nr_item(blkh, 0);
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh, MAX_CHILD_SIZE(bi->bi_bh));
+
+       if (bi->bi_parent)
+               B_N_CHILD(bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position)->dc_size = 0; /* Endian safe if 0 */
+}
+
+/* Get first empty buffer */
+struct buffer_head *get_FEB(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < MAX_FEB_SIZE; i++)
+               if (tb->FEB[i] != NULL)
+                       break;
+
+       if (i == MAX_FEB_SIZE)
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-12300", "FEB list is empty");
+
+       buffer_info_init_bh(tb, &bi, tb->FEB[i]);
+       make_empty_node(&bi);
+       set_buffer_uptodate(tb->FEB[i]);
+       tb->used[i] = tb->FEB[i];
+       tb->FEB[i] = NULL;
+
+       return tb->used[i];
+}
+
+/* This is now used because reiserfs_free_block has to be able to schedule. */
+static void store_thrown(struct tree_balance *tb, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       if (buffer_dirty(bh))
+               reiserfs_warning(tb->tb_sb, "reiserfs-12320",
+                                "called with dirty buffer");
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(tb->thrown); i++)
+               if (!tb->thrown[i]) {
+                       tb->thrown[i] = bh;
+                       get_bh(bh);     /* free_thrown puts this */
+                       return;
+               }
+       reiserfs_warning(tb->tb_sb, "reiserfs-12321",
+                        "too many thrown buffers");
+}
+
+static void free_thrown(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       int i;
+       b_blocknr_t blocknr;
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(tb->thrown); i++) {
+               if (tb->thrown[i]) {
+                       blocknr = tb->thrown[i]->b_blocknr;
+                       if (buffer_dirty(tb->thrown[i]))
+                               reiserfs_warning(tb->tb_sb, "reiserfs-12322",
+                                                "called with dirty buffer %d",
+                                                blocknr);
+                       brelse(tb->thrown[i]);  /* incremented in store_thrown */
+                       reiserfs_free_block(tb->transaction_handle, NULL,
+                                           blocknr, 0);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+void reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(struct tree_balance *tb, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+       set_blkh_level(blkh, FREE_LEVEL);
+       set_blkh_nr_item(blkh, 0);
+
+       clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+       store_thrown(tb, bh);
+}
+
+/* Replace n_dest'th key in buffer dest by n_src'th key of buffer src.*/
+void replace_key(struct tree_balance *tb, struct buffer_head *dest, int n_dest,
+                struct buffer_head *src, int n_src)
+{
+
+       RFALSE(dest == NULL || src == NULL,
+              "vs-12305: source or destination buffer is 0 (src=%p, dest=%p)",
+              src, dest);
+       RFALSE(!B_IS_KEYS_LEVEL(dest),
+              "vs-12310: invalid level (%z) for destination buffer. dest must be leaf",
+              dest);
+       RFALSE(n_dest < 0 || n_src < 0,
+              "vs-12315: src(%d) or dest(%d) key number < 0", n_src, n_dest);
+       RFALSE(n_dest >= B_NR_ITEMS(dest) || n_src >= B_NR_ITEMS(src),
+              "vs-12320: src(%d(%d)) or dest(%d(%d)) key number is too big",
+              n_src, B_NR_ITEMS(src), n_dest, B_NR_ITEMS(dest));
+
+       if (B_IS_ITEMS_LEVEL(src))
+               /* source buffer contains leaf node */
+               memcpy(internal_key(dest, n_dest), item_head(src, n_src),
+                      KEY_SIZE);
+       else
+               memcpy(internal_key(dest, n_dest), internal_key(src, n_src),
+                      KEY_SIZE);
+
+       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(tb, dest, 0);
+}
+
+int get_left_neighbor_position(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       int Sh_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+
+       RFALSE(PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h) == NULL || tb->FL[h] == NULL,
+              "vs-12325: FL[%d](%p) or F[%d](%p) does not exist",
+              h, tb->FL[h], h, PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h));
+
+       if (Sh_position == 0)
+               return B_NR_ITEMS(tb->FL[h]);
+       else
+               return Sh_position - 1;
+}
+
+int get_right_neighbor_position(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       int Sh_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+
+       RFALSE(PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h) == NULL || tb->FR[h] == NULL,
+              "vs-12330: F[%d](%p) or FR[%d](%p) does not exist",
+              h, PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h), h, tb->FR[h]);
+
+       if (Sh_position == B_NR_ITEMS(PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h)))
+               return 0;
+       else
+               return Sh_position + 1;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+
+int is_reusable(struct super_block *s, b_blocknr_t block, int bit_value);
+static void check_internal_node(struct super_block *s, struct buffer_head *bh,
+                               char *mes)
+{
+       struct disk_child *dc;
+       int i;
+
+       RFALSE(!bh, "PAP-12336: bh == 0");
+
+       if (!bh || !B_IS_IN_TREE(bh))
+               return;
+
+       RFALSE(!buffer_dirty(bh) &&
+              !(buffer_journaled(bh) || buffer_journal_dirty(bh)),
+              "PAP-12337: buffer (%b) must be dirty", bh);
+       dc = B_N_CHILD(bh, 0);
+
+       for (i = 0; i <= B_NR_ITEMS(bh); i++, dc++) {
+               if (!is_reusable(s, dc_block_number(dc), 1)) {
+                       print_cur_tb(mes);
+                       reiserfs_panic(s, "PAP-12338",
+                                      "invalid child pointer %y in %b",
+                                      dc, bh);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static int locked_or_not_in_tree(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                 struct buffer_head *bh, char *which)
+{
+       if ((!buffer_journal_prepared(bh) && buffer_locked(bh)) ||
+           !B_IS_IN_TREE(bh)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(tb->tb_sb, "vs-12339", "%s (%b)", which, bh);
+               return 1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_before_balancing(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       int retval = 0;
+
+       if (REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->cur_tb) {
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-12335", "suspect that schedule "
+                              "occurred based on cur_tb not being null at "
+                              "this point in code. do_balance cannot properly "
+                              "handle concurrent tree accesses on a same "
+                              "mount point.");
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * double check that buffers that we will modify are unlocked.
+        * (fix_nodes should already have prepped all of these for us).
+        */
+       if (tb->lnum[0]) {
+               retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree(tb, tb->L[0], "L[0]");
+               retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree(tb, tb->FL[0], "FL[0]");
+               retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree(tb, tb->CFL[0], "CFL[0]");
+               check_leaf(tb->L[0]);
+       }
+       if (tb->rnum[0]) {
+               retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree(tb, tb->R[0], "R[0]");
+               retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree(tb, tb->FR[0], "FR[0]");
+               retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree(tb, tb->CFR[0], "CFR[0]");
+               check_leaf(tb->R[0]);
+       }
+       retval |= locked_or_not_in_tree(tb, PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path),
+                                       "S[0]");
+       check_leaf(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path));
+
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static void check_after_balance_leaf(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       if (tb->lnum[0]) {
+               if (B_FREE_SPACE(tb->L[0]) !=
+                   MAX_CHILD_SIZE(tb->L[0]) -
+                   dc_size(B_N_CHILD
+                           (tb->FL[0], get_left_neighbor_position(tb, 0)))) {
+                       print_cur_tb("12221");
+                       reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12355",
+                                      "shift to left was incorrect");
+               }
+       }
+       if (tb->rnum[0]) {
+               if (B_FREE_SPACE(tb->R[0]) !=
+                   MAX_CHILD_SIZE(tb->R[0]) -
+                   dc_size(B_N_CHILD
+                           (tb->FR[0], get_right_neighbor_position(tb, 0)))) {
+                       print_cur_tb("12222");
+                       reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12360",
+                                      "shift to right was incorrect");
+               }
+       }
+       if (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 1) &&
+           (B_FREE_SPACE(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 0)) !=
+            (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 0)) -
+             dc_size(B_N_CHILD(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 1),
+                               PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, 1)))))) {
+               int left = B_FREE_SPACE(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 0));
+               int right = (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 0)) -
+                            dc_size(B_N_CHILD(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 1),
+                                              PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path,
+                                                              1))));
+               print_cur_tb("12223");
+               reiserfs_warning(tb->tb_sb, "reiserfs-12363",
+                                "B_FREE_SPACE (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,0)) = %d; "
+                                "MAX_CHILD_SIZE (%d) - dc_size( %y, %d ) [%d] = %d",
+                                left,
+                                MAX_CHILD_SIZE(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 0)),
+                                PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 1),
+                                PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, 1),
+                                dc_size(B_N_CHILD
+                                        (PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 1),
+                                         PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, 1))),
+                                right);
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12365", "S is incorrect");
+       }
+}
+
+static void check_leaf_level(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       check_leaf(tb->L[0]);
+       check_leaf(tb->R[0]);
+       check_leaf(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path));
+}
+
+static void check_internal_levels(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       int h;
+
+       /* check all internal nodes */
+       for (h = 1; tb->insert_size[h]; h++) {
+               check_internal_node(tb->tb_sb, PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h),
+                                   "BAD BUFFER ON PATH");
+               if (tb->lnum[h])
+                       check_internal_node(tb->tb_sb, tb->L[h], "BAD L");
+               if (tb->rnum[h])
+                       check_internal_node(tb->tb_sb, tb->R[h], "BAD R");
+       }
+
+}
+
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Now we have all of the buffers that must be used in balancing of
+ * the tree.  We rely on the assumption that schedule() will not occur
+ * while do_balance works. ( Only interrupt handlers are acceptable.)
+ * We balance the tree according to the analysis made before this,
+ * using buffers already obtained.  For SMP support it will someday be
+ * necessary to add ordered locking of tb.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Some interesting rules of balancing:
+ * we delete a maximum of two nodes per level per balancing: we never
+ * delete R, when we delete two of three nodes L, S, R then we move
+ * them into R.
+ *
+ * we only delete L if we are deleting two nodes, if we delete only
+ * one node we delete S
+ *
+ * if we shift leaves then we shift as much as we can: this is a
+ * deliberate policy of extremism in node packing which results in
+ * higher average utilization after repeated random balance operations
+ * at the cost of more memory copies and more balancing as a result of
+ * small insertions to full nodes.
+ *
+ * if we shift internal nodes we try to evenly balance the node
+ * utilization, with consequent less balancing at the cost of lower
+ * utilization.
+ *
+ * one could argue that the policy for directories in leaves should be
+ * that of internal nodes, but we will wait until another day to
+ * evaluate this....  It would be nice to someday measure and prove
+ * these assumptions as to what is optimal....
+ */
+
+static inline void do_balance_starts(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       /* use print_cur_tb() to see initial state of struct tree_balance */
+
+       /* store_print_tb (tb); */
+
+       /* do not delete, just comment it out */
+       /*
+       print_tb(flag, PATH_LAST_POSITION(tb->tb_path),
+                tb->tb_path->pos_in_item, tb, "check");
+       */
+       RFALSE(check_before_balancing(tb), "PAP-12340: locked buffers in TB");
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->cur_tb = tb;
+#endif
+}
+
+static inline void do_balance_completed(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       check_leaf_level(tb);
+       check_internal_levels(tb);
+       REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->cur_tb = NULL;
+#endif
+
+       /*
+        * reiserfs_free_block is no longer schedule safe.  So, we need to
+        * put the buffers we want freed on the thrown list during do_balance,
+        * and then free them now
+        */
+
+       REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_do_balance++;
+
+       /* release all nodes hold to perform the balancing */
+       unfix_nodes(tb);
+
+       free_thrown(tb);
+}
+
+/*
+ * do_balance - balance the tree
+ *
+ * @tb: tree_balance structure
+ * @ih: item header of inserted item
+ * @body: body of inserted item or bytes to paste
+ * @flag: 'i' - insert, 'd' - delete, 'c' - cut, 'p' paste
+ *
+ * Cut means delete part of an item (includes removing an entry from a
+ * directory).
+ *
+ * Delete means delete whole item.
+ *
+ * Insert means add a new item into the tree.
+ *
+ * Paste means to append to the end of an existing file or to
+ * insert a directory entry.
+ */
+void do_balance(struct tree_balance *tb, struct item_head *ih,
+               const char *body, int flag)
+{
+       int child_pos;          /* position of a child node in its parent */
+       int h;                  /* level of the tree being processed */
+
+       /*
+        * in our processing of one level we sometimes determine what
+        * must be inserted into the next higher level.  This insertion
+        * consists of a key or two keys and their corresponding
+        * pointers
+        */
+       struct item_head insert_key[2];
+
+       /* inserted node-ptrs for the next level */
+       struct buffer_head *insert_ptr[2];
+
+       tb->tb_mode = flag;
+       tb->need_balance_dirty = 0;
+
+       if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb)) {
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "clm-6000", "fs generation has "
+                              "changed");
+       }
+       /* if we have no real work to do  */
+       if (!tb->insert_size[0]) {
+               reiserfs_warning(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-12350",
+                                "insert_size == 0, mode == %c", flag);
+               unfix_nodes(tb);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       atomic_inc(&fs_generation(tb->tb_sb));
+       do_balance_starts(tb);
+
+       /*
+        * balance_leaf returns 0 except if combining L R and S into
+        * one node.  see balance_internal() for explanation of this
+        * line of code.
+        */
+       child_pos = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, 0) +
+           balance_leaf(tb, ih, body, flag, insert_key, insert_ptr);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       check_after_balance_leaf(tb);
+#endif
+
+       /* Balance internal level of the tree. */
+       for (h = 1; h < MAX_HEIGHT && tb->insert_size[h]; h++)
+               child_pos = balance_internal(tb, h, child_pos, insert_key,
+                                            insert_ptr);
+
+       do_balance_completed(tb);
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/file.c b/fs/reiserfs/file.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..8eb3ad3e8ae9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/file.c
@@ -0,0 +1,270 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/swap.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+
+/*
+ * We pack the tails of files on file close, not at the time they are written.
+ * This implies an unnecessary copy of the tail and an unnecessary indirect item
+ * insertion/balancing, for files that are written in one write.
+ * It avoids unnecessary tail packings (balances) for files that are written in
+ * multiple writes and are small enough to have tails.
+ *
+ * file_release is called by the VFS layer when the file is closed.  If
+ * this is the last open file descriptor, and the file
+ * small enough to have a tail, and the tail is currently in an
+ * unformatted node, the tail is converted back into a direct item.
+ *
+ * We use reiserfs_truncate_file to pack the tail, since it already has
+ * all the conditions coded.
+ */
+static int reiserfs_file_release(struct inode *inode, struct file *filp)
+{
+
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int err;
+       int jbegin_failure = 0;
+
+       BUG_ON(!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode));
+
+       if (!atomic_dec_and_mutex_lock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->openers,
+                                      &REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack))
+               return 0;
+
+       /* fast out for when nothing needs to be done */
+       if ((!(REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_pack_on_close_mask) ||
+            !tail_has_to_be_packed(inode)) &&
+           REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count <= 0) {
+               mutex_unlock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       /*
+        * freeing preallocation only involves relogging blocks that
+        * are already in the current transaction.  preallocation gets
+        * freed at the end of each transaction, so it is impossible for
+        * us to log any additional blocks (including quota blocks)
+        */
+       err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 1);
+       if (err) {
+               /*
+                * uh oh, we can't allow the inode to go away while there
+                * is still preallocation blocks pending.  Try to join the
+                * aborted transaction
+                */
+               jbegin_failure = err;
+               err = journal_join_abort(&th, inode->i_sb);
+
+               if (err) {
+                       /*
+                        * hmpf, our choices here aren't good.  We can pin
+                        * the inode which will disallow unmount from ever
+                        * happening, we can do nothing, which will corrupt
+                        * random memory on unmount, or we can forcibly
+                        * remove the file from the preallocation list, which
+                        * will leak blocks on disk.  Lets pin the inode
+                        * and let the admin know what is going on.
+                        */
+                       igrab(inode);
+                       reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "clm-9001",
+                                        "pinning inode %lu because the "
+                                        "preallocation can't be freed",
+                                        inode->i_ino);
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       }
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+
+#ifdef REISERFS_PREALLOCATE
+       reiserfs_discard_prealloc(&th, inode);
+#endif
+       err = journal_end(&th);
+
+       /* copy back the error code from journal_begin */
+       if (!err)
+               err = jbegin_failure;
+
+       if (!err &&
+           (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_pack_on_close_mask) &&
+           tail_has_to_be_packed(inode)) {
+
+               /*
+                * if regular file is released by last holder and it has been
+                * appended (we append by unformatted node only) or its direct
+                * item(s) had to be converted, then it may have to be
+                * indirect2direct converted
+                */
+               err = reiserfs_truncate_file(inode, 0);
+       }
+out:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       mutex_unlock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+       return err;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_file_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
+{
+       int err = dquot_file_open(inode, file);
+
+       /* somebody might be tailpacking on final close; wait for it */
+        if (!atomic_inc_not_zero(&REISERFS_I(inode)->openers)) {
+               mutex_lock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+               atomic_inc(&REISERFS_I(inode)->openers);
+               mutex_unlock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+       }
+       return err;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_vfs_truncate_file(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       mutex_lock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+       reiserfs_truncate_file(inode, 1);
+       mutex_unlock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+}
+
+/* Sync a reiserfs file. */
+
+/*
+ * FIXME: sync_mapping_buffers() never has anything to sync.  Can
+ * be removed...
+ */
+
+static int reiserfs_sync_file(struct file *filp, loff_t start, loff_t end,
+                             int datasync)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = filp->f_mapping->host;
+       int err;
+       int barrier_done;
+
+       err = file_write_and_wait_range(filp, start, end);
+       if (err)
+               return err;
+
+       inode_lock(inode);
+       BUG_ON(!S_ISREG(inode->i_mode));
+       err = sync_mapping_buffers(inode->i_mapping);
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       barrier_done = reiserfs_commit_for_inode(inode);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       if (barrier_done != 1 && reiserfs_barrier_flush(inode->i_sb))
+               blkdev_issue_flush(inode->i_sb->s_bdev);
+       inode_unlock(inode);
+       if (barrier_done < 0)
+               return barrier_done;
+       return (err < 0) ? -EIO : 0;
+}
+
+/* taken fs/buffer.c:__block_commit_write */
+int reiserfs_commit_page(struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
+                        unsigned from, unsigned to)
+{
+       unsigned block_start, block_end;
+       int partial = 0;
+       unsigned blocksize;
+       struct buffer_head *bh, *head;
+       unsigned long i_size_index = inode->i_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+       int new;
+       int logit = reiserfs_file_data_log(inode);
+       struct super_block *s = inode->i_sb;
+       int bh_per_page = PAGE_SIZE / s->s_blocksize;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       th.t_trans_id = 0;
+       blocksize = i_blocksize(inode);
+
+       if (logit) {
+               reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+               ret = journal_begin(&th, s, bh_per_page + 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto drop_write_lock;
+               reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       }
+       for (bh = head = page_buffers(page), block_start = 0;
+            bh != head || !block_start;
+            block_start = block_end, bh = bh->b_this_page) {
+
+               new = buffer_new(bh);
+               clear_buffer_new(bh);
+               block_end = block_start + blocksize;
+               if (block_end <= from || block_start >= to) {
+                       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+                               partial = 1;
+               } else {
+                       set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+                       if (logit) {
+                               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 1);
+                               journal_mark_dirty(&th, bh);
+                       } else if (!buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+                               mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+                               /*
+                                * do data=ordered on any page past the end
+                                * of file and any buffer marked BH_New.
+                                */
+                               if (reiserfs_data_ordered(inode->i_sb) &&
+                                   (new || page->index >= i_size_index)) {
+                                       reiserfs_add_ordered_list(inode, bh);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       if (logit) {
+               ret = journal_end(&th);
+drop_write_lock:
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+       }
+       /*
+        * If this is a partial write which happened to make all buffers
+        * uptodate then we can optimize away a bogus read_folio() for
+        * the next read(). Here we 'discover' whether the page went
+        * uptodate as a result of this (potentially partial) write.
+        */
+       if (!partial)
+               SetPageUptodate(page);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+const struct file_operations reiserfs_file_operations = {
+       .unlocked_ioctl = reiserfs_ioctl,
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+       .compat_ioctl = reiserfs_compat_ioctl,
+#endif
+       .mmap = generic_file_mmap,
+       .open = reiserfs_file_open,
+       .release = reiserfs_file_release,
+       .fsync = reiserfs_sync_file,
+       .read_iter = generic_file_read_iter,
+       .write_iter = generic_file_write_iter,
+       .splice_read = filemap_splice_read,
+       .splice_write = iter_file_splice_write,
+       .llseek = generic_file_llseek,
+};
+
+const struct inode_operations reiserfs_file_inode_operations = {
+       .setattr = reiserfs_setattr,
+       .listxattr = reiserfs_listxattr,
+       .permission = reiserfs_permission,
+       .get_inode_acl = reiserfs_get_acl,
+       .set_acl = reiserfs_set_acl,
+       .fileattr_get = reiserfs_fileattr_get,
+       .fileattr_set = reiserfs_fileattr_set,
+};
+
+const struct inode_operations reiserfs_priv_file_inode_operations = {
+       .setattr = reiserfs_setattr,
+       .permission = reiserfs_permission,
+       .fileattr_get = reiserfs_fileattr_get,
+       .fileattr_set = reiserfs_fileattr_set,
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/fix_node.c b/fs/reiserfs/fix_node.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..6c13a8d9a73c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/fix_node.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2822 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+/*
+ * To make any changes in the tree we find a node that contains item
+ * to be changed/deleted or position in the node we insert a new item
+ * to. We call this node S. To do balancing we need to decide what we
+ * will shift to left/right neighbor, or to a new node, where new item
+ * will be etc. To make this analysis simpler we build virtual
+ * node. Virtual node is an array of items, that will replace items of
+ * node S. (For instance if we are going to delete an item, virtual
+ * node does not contain it). Virtual node keeps information about
+ * item sizes and types, mergeability of first and last items, sizes
+ * of all entries in directory item. We use this array of items when
+ * calculating what we can shift to neighbors and how many nodes we
+ * have to have if we do not any shiftings, if we shift to left/right
+ * neighbor or to both.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Takes item number in virtual node, returns number of item
+ * that it has in source buffer
+ */
+static inline int old_item_num(int new_num, int affected_item_num, int mode)
+{
+       if (mode == M_PASTE || mode == M_CUT || new_num < affected_item_num)
+               return new_num;
+
+       if (mode == M_INSERT) {
+
+               RFALSE(new_num == 0,
+                      "vs-8005: for INSERT mode and item number of inserted item");
+
+               return new_num - 1;
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(mode != M_DELETE,
+              "vs-8010: old_item_num: mode must be M_DELETE (mode = \'%c\'",
+              mode);
+       /* delete mode */
+       return new_num + 1;
+}
+
+static void create_virtual_node(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       struct virtual_node *vn = tb->tb_vn;
+       int new_num;
+       struct buffer_head *Sh; /* this comes from tb->S[h] */
+
+       Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+
+       /* size of changed node */
+       vn->vn_size =
+           MAX_CHILD_SIZE(Sh) - B_FREE_SPACE(Sh) + tb->insert_size[h];
+
+       /* for internal nodes array if virtual items is not created */
+       if (h) {
+               vn->vn_nr_item = (vn->vn_size - DC_SIZE) / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* number of items in virtual node  */
+       vn->vn_nr_item =
+           B_NR_ITEMS(Sh) + ((vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT) ? 1 : 0) -
+           ((vn->vn_mode == M_DELETE) ? 1 : 0);
+
+       /* first virtual item */
+       vn->vn_vi = (struct virtual_item *)(tb->tb_vn + 1);
+       memset(vn->vn_vi, 0, vn->vn_nr_item * sizeof(struct virtual_item));
+       vn->vn_free_ptr += vn->vn_nr_item * sizeof(struct virtual_item);
+
+       /* first item in the node */
+       ih = item_head(Sh, 0);
+
+       /* define the mergeability for 0-th item (if it is not being deleted) */
+       if (op_is_left_mergeable(&ih->ih_key, Sh->b_size)
+           && (vn->vn_mode != M_DELETE || vn->vn_affected_item_num))
+               vn->vn_vi[0].vi_type |= VI_TYPE_LEFT_MERGEABLE;
+
+       /*
+        * go through all items that remain in the virtual
+        * node (except for the new (inserted) one)
+        */
+       for (new_num = 0; new_num < vn->vn_nr_item; new_num++) {
+               int j;
+               struct virtual_item *vi = vn->vn_vi + new_num;
+               int is_affected =
+                   ((new_num != vn->vn_affected_item_num) ? 0 : 1);
+
+               if (is_affected && vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT)
+                       continue;
+
+               /* get item number in source node */
+               j = old_item_num(new_num, vn->vn_affected_item_num,
+                                vn->vn_mode);
+
+               vi->vi_item_len += ih_item_len(ih + j) + IH_SIZE;
+               vi->vi_ih = ih + j;
+               vi->vi_item = ih_item_body(Sh, ih + j);
+               vi->vi_uarea = vn->vn_free_ptr;
+
+               /*
+                * FIXME: there is no check that item operation did not
+                * consume too much memory
+                */
+               vn->vn_free_ptr +=
+                   op_create_vi(vn, vi, is_affected, tb->insert_size[0]);
+               if (tb->vn_buf + tb->vn_buf_size < vn->vn_free_ptr)
+                       reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-8030",
+                                      "virtual node space consumed");
+
+               if (!is_affected)
+                       /* this is not being changed */
+                       continue;
+
+               if (vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE || vn->vn_mode == M_CUT) {
+                       vn->vn_vi[new_num].vi_item_len += tb->insert_size[0];
+                       /* pointer to data which is going to be pasted */
+                       vi->vi_new_data = vn->vn_data;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* virtual inserted item is not defined yet */
+       if (vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT) {
+               struct virtual_item *vi = vn->vn_vi + vn->vn_affected_item_num;
+
+               RFALSE(vn->vn_ins_ih == NULL,
+                      "vs-8040: item header of inserted item is not specified");
+               vi->vi_item_len = tb->insert_size[0];
+               vi->vi_ih = vn->vn_ins_ih;
+               vi->vi_item = vn->vn_data;
+               vi->vi_uarea = vn->vn_free_ptr;
+
+               op_create_vi(vn, vi, 0 /*not pasted or cut */ ,
+                            tb->insert_size[0]);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * set right merge flag we take right delimiting key and
+        * check whether it is a mergeable item
+        */
+       if (tb->CFR[0]) {
+               struct reiserfs_key *key;
+
+               key = internal_key(tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0]);
+               if (op_is_left_mergeable(key, Sh->b_size)
+                   && (vn->vn_mode != M_DELETE
+                       || vn->vn_affected_item_num != B_NR_ITEMS(Sh) - 1))
+                       vn->vn_vi[vn->vn_nr_item - 1].vi_type |=
+                           VI_TYPE_RIGHT_MERGEABLE;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+               if (op_is_left_mergeable(key, Sh->b_size) &&
+                   !(vn->vn_mode != M_DELETE
+                     || vn->vn_affected_item_num != B_NR_ITEMS(Sh) - 1)) {
+                       /*
+                        * we delete last item and it could be merged
+                        * with right neighbor's first item
+                        */
+                       if (!
+                           (B_NR_ITEMS(Sh) == 1
+                            && is_direntry_le_ih(item_head(Sh, 0))
+                            && ih_entry_count(item_head(Sh, 0)) == 1)) {
+                               /*
+                                * node contains more than 1 item, or item
+                                * is not directory item, or this item
+                                * contains more than 1 entry
+                                */
+                               print_block(Sh, 0, -1, -1);
+                               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-8045",
+                                              "rdkey %k, affected item==%d "
+                                              "(mode==%c) Must be %c",
+                                              key, vn->vn_affected_item_num,
+                                              vn->vn_mode, M_DELETE);
+                       }
+               }
+#endif
+
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Using virtual node check, how many items can be
+ * shifted to left neighbor
+ */
+static void check_left(struct tree_balance *tb, int h, int cur_free)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct virtual_node *vn = tb->tb_vn;
+       struct virtual_item *vi;
+       int d_size, ih_size;
+
+       RFALSE(cur_free < 0, "vs-8050: cur_free (%d) < 0", cur_free);
+
+       /* internal level */
+       if (h > 0) {
+               tb->lnum[h] = cur_free / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* leaf level */
+
+       if (!cur_free || !vn->vn_nr_item) {
+               /* no free space or nothing to move */
+               tb->lnum[h] = 0;
+               tb->lbytes = -1;
+               return;
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(!PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0),
+              "vs-8055: parent does not exist or invalid");
+
+       vi = vn->vn_vi;
+       if ((unsigned int)cur_free >=
+           (vn->vn_size -
+            ((vi->vi_type & VI_TYPE_LEFT_MERGEABLE) ? IH_SIZE : 0))) {
+               /* all contents of S[0] fits into L[0] */
+
+               RFALSE(vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT || vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE,
+                      "vs-8055: invalid mode or balance condition failed");
+
+               tb->lnum[0] = vn->vn_nr_item;
+               tb->lbytes = -1;
+               return;
+       }
+
+       d_size = 0, ih_size = IH_SIZE;
+
+       /* first item may be merge with last item in left neighbor */
+       if (vi->vi_type & VI_TYPE_LEFT_MERGEABLE)
+               d_size = -((int)IH_SIZE), ih_size = 0;
+
+       tb->lnum[0] = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < vn->vn_nr_item;
+            i++, ih_size = IH_SIZE, d_size = 0, vi++) {
+               d_size += vi->vi_item_len;
+               if (cur_free >= d_size) {
+                       /* the item can be shifted entirely */
+                       cur_free -= d_size;
+                       tb->lnum[0]++;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /* the item cannot be shifted entirely, try to split it */
+               /*
+                * check whether L[0] can hold ih and at least one byte
+                * of the item body
+                */
+
+               /* cannot shift even a part of the current item */
+               if (cur_free <= ih_size) {
+                       tb->lbytes = -1;
+                       return;
+               }
+               cur_free -= ih_size;
+
+               tb->lbytes = op_check_left(vi, cur_free, 0, 0);
+               if (tb->lbytes != -1)
+                       /* count partially shifted item */
+                       tb->lnum[0]++;
+
+               break;
+       }
+
+       return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Using virtual node check, how many items can be
+ * shifted to right neighbor
+ */
+static void check_right(struct tree_balance *tb, int h, int cur_free)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct virtual_node *vn = tb->tb_vn;
+       struct virtual_item *vi;
+       int d_size, ih_size;
+
+       RFALSE(cur_free < 0, "vs-8070: cur_free < 0");
+
+       /* internal level */
+       if (h > 0) {
+               tb->rnum[h] = cur_free / (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* leaf level */
+
+       if (!cur_free || !vn->vn_nr_item) {
+               /* no free space  */
+               tb->rnum[h] = 0;
+               tb->rbytes = -1;
+               return;
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(!PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0),
+              "vs-8075: parent does not exist or invalid");
+
+       vi = vn->vn_vi + vn->vn_nr_item - 1;
+       if ((unsigned int)cur_free >=
+           (vn->vn_size -
+            ((vi->vi_type & VI_TYPE_RIGHT_MERGEABLE) ? IH_SIZE : 0))) {
+               /* all contents of S[0] fits into R[0] */
+
+               RFALSE(vn->vn_mode == M_INSERT || vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE,
+                      "vs-8080: invalid mode or balance condition failed");
+
+               tb->rnum[h] = vn->vn_nr_item;
+               tb->rbytes = -1;
+               return;
+       }
+
+       d_size = 0, ih_size = IH_SIZE;
+
+       /* last item may be merge with first item in right neighbor */
+       if (vi->vi_type & VI_TYPE_RIGHT_MERGEABLE)
+               d_size = -(int)IH_SIZE, ih_size = 0;
+
+       tb->rnum[0] = 0;
+       for (i = vn->vn_nr_item - 1; i >= 0;
+            i--, d_size = 0, ih_size = IH_SIZE, vi--) {
+               d_size += vi->vi_item_len;
+               if (cur_free >= d_size) {
+                       /* the item can be shifted entirely */
+                       cur_free -= d_size;
+                       tb->rnum[0]++;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * check whether R[0] can hold ih and at least one
+                * byte of the item body
+                */
+
+               /* cannot shift even a part of the current item */
+               if (cur_free <= ih_size) {
+                       tb->rbytes = -1;
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * R[0] can hold the header of the item and at least
+                * one byte of its body
+                */
+               cur_free -= ih_size;    /* cur_free is still > 0 */
+
+               tb->rbytes = op_check_right(vi, cur_free);
+               if (tb->rbytes != -1)
+                       /* count partially shifted item */
+                       tb->rnum[0]++;
+
+               break;
+       }
+
+       return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * from - number of items, which are shifted to left neighbor entirely
+ * to - number of item, which are shifted to right neighbor entirely
+ * from_bytes - number of bytes of boundary item (or directory entries)
+ *              which are shifted to left neighbor
+ * to_bytes - number of bytes of boundary item (or directory entries)
+ *            which are shifted to right neighbor
+ */
+static int get_num_ver(int mode, struct tree_balance *tb, int h,
+                      int from, int from_bytes,
+                      int to, int to_bytes, short *snum012, int flow)
+{
+       int i;
+       int units;
+       struct virtual_node *vn = tb->tb_vn;
+       int total_node_size, max_node_size, current_item_size;
+       int needed_nodes;
+
+       /* position of item we start filling node from */
+       int start_item;
+
+       /* position of item we finish filling node by */
+       int end_item;
+
+       /*
+        * number of first bytes (entries for directory) of start_item-th item
+        * we do not include into node that is being filled
+        */
+       int start_bytes;
+
+       /*
+        * number of last bytes (entries for directory) of end_item-th item
+        * we do node include into node that is being filled
+        */
+       int end_bytes;
+
+       /*
+        * these are positions in virtual item of items, that are split
+        * between S[0] and S1new and S1new and S2new
+        */
+       int split_item_positions[2];
+
+       split_item_positions[0] = -1;
+       split_item_positions[1] = -1;
+
+       /*
+        * We only create additional nodes if we are in insert or paste mode
+        * or we are in replace mode at the internal level. If h is 0 and
+        * the mode is M_REPLACE then in fix_nodes we change the mode to
+        * paste or insert before we get here in the code.
+        */
+       RFALSE(tb->insert_size[h] < 0 || (mode != M_INSERT && mode != M_PASTE),
+              "vs-8100: insert_size < 0 in overflow");
+
+       max_node_size = MAX_CHILD_SIZE(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h));
+
+       /*
+        * snum012 [0-2] - number of items, that lay
+        * to S[0], first new node and second new node
+        */
+       snum012[3] = -1;        /* s1bytes */
+       snum012[4] = -1;        /* s2bytes */
+
+       /* internal level */
+       if (h > 0) {
+               i = ((to - from) * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE) + DC_SIZE);
+               if (i == max_node_size)
+                       return 1;
+               return (i / max_node_size + 1);
+       }
+
+       /* leaf level */
+       needed_nodes = 1;
+       total_node_size = 0;
+
+       /* start from 'from'-th item */
+       start_item = from;
+       /* skip its first 'start_bytes' units */
+       start_bytes = ((from_bytes != -1) ? from_bytes : 0);
+
+       /* last included item is the 'end_item'-th one */
+       end_item = vn->vn_nr_item - to - 1;
+       /* do not count last 'end_bytes' units of 'end_item'-th item */
+       end_bytes = (to_bytes != -1) ? to_bytes : 0;
+
+       /*
+        * go through all item beginning from the start_item-th item
+        * and ending by the end_item-th item. Do not count first
+        * 'start_bytes' units of 'start_item'-th item and last
+        * 'end_bytes' of 'end_item'-th item
+        */
+       for (i = start_item; i <= end_item; i++) {
+               struct virtual_item *vi = vn->vn_vi + i;
+               int skip_from_end = ((i == end_item) ? end_bytes : 0);
+
+               RFALSE(needed_nodes > 3, "vs-8105: too many nodes are needed");
+
+               /* get size of current item */
+               current_item_size = vi->vi_item_len;
+
+               /*
+                * do not take in calculation head part (from_bytes)
+                * of from-th item
+                */
+               current_item_size -=
+                   op_part_size(vi, 0 /*from start */ , start_bytes);
+
+               /* do not take in calculation tail part of last item */
+               current_item_size -=
+                   op_part_size(vi, 1 /*from end */ , skip_from_end);
+
+               /* if item fits into current node entierly */
+               if (total_node_size + current_item_size <= max_node_size) {
+                       snum012[needed_nodes - 1]++;
+                       total_node_size += current_item_size;
+                       start_bytes = 0;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * virtual item length is longer, than max size of item in
+                * a node. It is impossible for direct item
+                */
+               if (current_item_size > max_node_size) {
+                       RFALSE(is_direct_le_ih(vi->vi_ih),
+                              "vs-8110: "
+                              "direct item length is %d. It can not be longer than %d",
+                              current_item_size, max_node_size);
+                       /* we will try to split it */
+                       flow = 1;
+               }
+
+               /* as we do not split items, take new node and continue */
+               if (!flow) {
+                       needed_nodes++;
+                       i--;
+                       total_node_size = 0;
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * calculate number of item units which fit into node being
+                * filled
+                */
+               {
+                       int free_space;
+
+                       free_space = max_node_size - total_node_size - IH_SIZE;
+                       units =
+                           op_check_left(vi, free_space, start_bytes,
+                                         skip_from_end);
+                       /*
+                        * nothing fits into current node, take new
+                        * node and continue
+                        */
+                       if (units == -1) {
+                               needed_nodes++, i--, total_node_size = 0;
+                               continue;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /* something fits into the current node */
+               start_bytes += units;
+               snum012[needed_nodes - 1 + 3] = units;
+
+               if (needed_nodes > 2)
+                       reiserfs_warning(tb->tb_sb, "vs-8111",
+                                        "split_item_position is out of range");
+               snum012[needed_nodes - 1]++;
+               split_item_positions[needed_nodes - 1] = i;
+               needed_nodes++;
+               /* continue from the same item with start_bytes != -1 */
+               start_item = i;
+               i--;
+               total_node_size = 0;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * sum012[4] (if it is not -1) contains number of units of which
+        * are to be in S1new, snum012[3] - to be in S0. They are supposed
+        * to be S1bytes and S2bytes correspondingly, so recalculate
+        */
+       if (snum012[4] > 0) {
+               int split_item_num;
+               int bytes_to_r, bytes_to_l;
+               int bytes_to_S1new;
+
+               split_item_num = split_item_positions[1];
+               bytes_to_l =
+                   ((from == split_item_num
+                     && from_bytes != -1) ? from_bytes : 0);
+               bytes_to_r =
+                   ((end_item == split_item_num
+                     && end_bytes != -1) ? end_bytes : 0);
+               bytes_to_S1new =
+                   ((split_item_positions[0] ==
+                     split_item_positions[1]) ? snum012[3] : 0);
+
+               /* s2bytes */
+               snum012[4] =
+                   op_unit_num(&vn->vn_vi[split_item_num]) - snum012[4] -
+                   bytes_to_r - bytes_to_l - bytes_to_S1new;
+
+               if (vn->vn_vi[split_item_num].vi_index != TYPE_DIRENTRY &&
+                   vn->vn_vi[split_item_num].vi_index != TYPE_INDIRECT)
+                       reiserfs_warning(tb->tb_sb, "vs-8115",
+                                        "not directory or indirect item");
+       }
+
+       /* now we know S2bytes, calculate S1bytes */
+       if (snum012[3] > 0) {
+               int split_item_num;
+               int bytes_to_r, bytes_to_l;
+               int bytes_to_S2new;
+
+               split_item_num = split_item_positions[0];
+               bytes_to_l =
+                   ((from == split_item_num
+                     && from_bytes != -1) ? from_bytes : 0);
+               bytes_to_r =
+                   ((end_item == split_item_num
+                     && end_bytes != -1) ? end_bytes : 0);
+               bytes_to_S2new =
+                   ((split_item_positions[0] == split_item_positions[1]
+                     && snum012[4] != -1) ? snum012[4] : 0);
+
+               /* s1bytes */
+               snum012[3] =
+                   op_unit_num(&vn->vn_vi[split_item_num]) - snum012[3] -
+                   bytes_to_r - bytes_to_l - bytes_to_S2new;
+       }
+
+       return needed_nodes;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * Set parameters for balancing.
+ * Performs write of results of analysis of balancing into structure tb,
+ * where it will later be used by the functions that actually do the balancing.
+ * Parameters:
+ *     tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *     h       current level of the node;
+ *     lnum    number of items from S[h] that must be shifted to L[h];
+ *     rnum    number of items from S[h] that must be shifted to R[h];
+ *     blk_num number of blocks that S[h] will be splitted into;
+ *     s012    number of items that fall into splitted nodes.
+ *     lbytes  number of bytes which flow to the left neighbor from the
+ *              item that is not shifted entirely
+ *     rbytes  number of bytes which flow to the right neighbor from the
+ *              item that is not shifted entirely
+ *     s1bytes number of bytes which flow to the first  new node when
+ *              S[0] splits (this number is contained in s012 array)
+ */
+
+static void set_parameters(struct tree_balance *tb, int h, int lnum,
+                          int rnum, int blk_num, short *s012, int lb, int rb)
+{
+
+       tb->lnum[h] = lnum;
+       tb->rnum[h] = rnum;
+       tb->blknum[h] = blk_num;
+
+       /* only for leaf level */
+       if (h == 0) {
+               if (s012 != NULL) {
+                       tb->s0num = *s012++;
+                       tb->snum[0] = *s012++;
+                       tb->snum[1] = *s012++;
+                       tb->sbytes[0] = *s012++;
+                       tb->sbytes[1] = *s012;
+               }
+               tb->lbytes = lb;
+               tb->rbytes = rb;
+       }
+       PROC_INFO_ADD(tb->tb_sb, lnum[h], lnum);
+       PROC_INFO_ADD(tb->tb_sb, rnum[h], rnum);
+
+       PROC_INFO_ADD(tb->tb_sb, lbytes[h], lb);
+       PROC_INFO_ADD(tb->tb_sb, rbytes[h], rb);
+}
+
+/*
+ * check if node disappears if we shift tb->lnum[0] items to left
+ * neighbor and tb->rnum[0] to the right one.
+ */
+static int is_leaf_removable(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       struct virtual_node *vn = tb->tb_vn;
+       int to_left, to_right;
+       int size;
+       int remain_items;
+
+       /*
+        * number of items that will be shifted to left (right) neighbor
+        * entirely
+        */
+       to_left = tb->lnum[0] - ((tb->lbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0);
+       to_right = tb->rnum[0] - ((tb->rbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0);
+       remain_items = vn->vn_nr_item;
+
+       /* how many items remain in S[0] after shiftings to neighbors */
+       remain_items -= (to_left + to_right);
+
+       /* all content of node can be shifted to neighbors */
+       if (remain_items < 1) {
+               set_parameters(tb, 0, to_left, vn->vn_nr_item - to_left, 0,
+                              NULL, -1, -1);
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       /* S[0] is not removable */
+       if (remain_items > 1 || tb->lbytes == -1 || tb->rbytes == -1)
+               return 0;
+
+       /* check whether we can divide 1 remaining item between neighbors */
+
+       /* get size of remaining item (in item units) */
+       size = op_unit_num(&vn->vn_vi[to_left]);
+
+       if (tb->lbytes + tb->rbytes >= size) {
+               set_parameters(tb, 0, to_left + 1, to_right + 1, 0, NULL,
+                              tb->lbytes, -1);
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* check whether L, S, R can be joined in one node */
+static int are_leaves_removable(struct tree_balance *tb, int lfree, int rfree)
+{
+       struct virtual_node *vn = tb->tb_vn;
+       int ih_size;
+       struct buffer_head *S0;
+
+       S0 = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 0);
+
+       ih_size = 0;
+       if (vn->vn_nr_item) {
+               if (vn->vn_vi[0].vi_type & VI_TYPE_LEFT_MERGEABLE)
+                       ih_size += IH_SIZE;
+
+               if (vn->vn_vi[vn->vn_nr_item - 1].
+                   vi_type & VI_TYPE_RIGHT_MERGEABLE)
+                       ih_size += IH_SIZE;
+       } else {
+               /* there was only one item and it will be deleted */
+               struct item_head *ih;
+
+               RFALSE(B_NR_ITEMS(S0) != 1,
+                      "vs-8125: item number must be 1: it is %d",
+                      B_NR_ITEMS(S0));
+
+               ih = item_head(S0, 0);
+               if (tb->CFR[0]
+                   && !comp_short_le_keys(&ih->ih_key,
+                                          internal_key(tb->CFR[0],
+                                                         tb->rkey[0])))
+                       /*
+                        * Directory must be in correct state here: that is
+                        * somewhere at the left side should exist first
+                        * directory item. But the item being deleted can
+                        * not be that first one because its right neighbor
+                        * is item of the same directory. (But first item
+                        * always gets deleted in last turn). So, neighbors
+                        * of deleted item can be merged, so we can save
+                        * ih_size
+                        */
+                       if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih)) {
+                               ih_size = IH_SIZE;
+
+                               /*
+                                * we might check that left neighbor exists
+                                * and is of the same directory
+                                */
+                               RFALSE(le_ih_k_offset(ih) == DOT_OFFSET,
+                                      "vs-8130: first directory item can not be removed until directory is not empty");
+                       }
+
+       }
+
+       if (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(S0) + vn->vn_size <= rfree + lfree + ih_size) {
+               set_parameters(tb, 0, -1, -1, -1, NULL, -1, -1);
+               PROC_INFO_INC(tb->tb_sb, leaves_removable);
+               return 1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+
+}
+
+/* when we do not split item, lnum and rnum are numbers of entire items */
+#define SET_PAR_SHIFT_LEFT \
+if (h)\
+{\
+   int to_l;\
+   \
+   to_l = (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh)+1 - lpar + vn->vn_nr_item + 1) / 2 -\
+             (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - lpar);\
+             \
+             set_parameters (tb, h, to_l, 0, lnver, NULL, -1, -1);\
+}\
+else \
+{\
+   if (lset==LEFT_SHIFT_FLOW)\
+     set_parameters (tb, h, lpar, 0, lnver, snum012+lset,\
+                    tb->lbytes, -1);\
+   else\
+     set_parameters (tb, h, lpar - (tb->lbytes!=-1), 0, lnver, snum012+lset,\
+                    -1, -1);\
+}
+
+#define SET_PAR_SHIFT_RIGHT \
+if (h)\
+{\
+   int to_r;\
+   \
+   to_r = (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh)+1 - rpar + vn->vn_nr_item + 1) / 2 - (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - rpar);\
+   \
+   set_parameters (tb, h, 0, to_r, rnver, NULL, -1, -1);\
+}\
+else \
+{\
+   if (rset==RIGHT_SHIFT_FLOW)\
+     set_parameters (tb, h, 0, rpar, rnver, snum012+rset,\
+                 -1, tb->rbytes);\
+   else\
+     set_parameters (tb, h, 0, rpar - (tb->rbytes!=-1), rnver, snum012+rset,\
+                 -1, -1);\
+}
+
+static void free_buffers_in_tb(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       pathrelse(tb->tb_path);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < MAX_HEIGHT; i++) {
+               brelse(tb->L[i]);
+               brelse(tb->R[i]);
+               brelse(tb->FL[i]);
+               brelse(tb->FR[i]);
+               brelse(tb->CFL[i]);
+               brelse(tb->CFR[i]);
+
+               tb->L[i] = NULL;
+               tb->R[i] = NULL;
+               tb->FL[i] = NULL;
+               tb->FR[i] = NULL;
+               tb->CFL[i] = NULL;
+               tb->CFR[i] = NULL;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get new buffers for storing new nodes that are created while balancing.
+ * Returns:    SCHEDULE_OCCURRED - schedule occurred while the function worked;
+ *             CARRY_ON - schedule didn't occur while the function worked;
+ *             NO_DISK_SPACE - no disk space.
+ */
+/* The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE! */
+static int get_empty_nodes(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *new_bh, *Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+       b_blocknr_t *blocknr, blocknrs[MAX_AMOUNT_NEEDED] = { 0, };
+       int counter, number_of_freeblk;
+       int  amount_needed;     /* number of needed empty blocks */
+       int  retval = CARRY_ON;
+       struct super_block *sb = tb->tb_sb;
+
+       /*
+        * number_of_freeblk is the number of empty blocks which have been
+        * acquired for use by the balancing algorithm minus the number of
+        * empty blocks used in the previous levels of the analysis,
+        * number_of_freeblk = tb->cur_blknum can be non-zero if a schedule
+        * occurs after empty blocks are acquired, and the balancing analysis
+        * is then restarted, amount_needed is the number needed by this
+        * level (h) of the balancing analysis.
+        *
+        * Note that for systems with many processes writing, it would be
+        * more layout optimal to calculate the total number needed by all
+        * levels and then to run reiserfs_new_blocks to get all of them at
+        * once.
+        */
+
+       /*
+        * Initiate number_of_freeblk to the amount acquired prior to the
+        * restart of the analysis or 0 if not restarted, then subtract the
+        * amount needed by all of the levels of the tree below h.
+        */
+       /* blknum includes S[h], so we subtract 1 in this calculation */
+       for (counter = 0, number_of_freeblk = tb->cur_blknum;
+            counter < h; counter++)
+               number_of_freeblk -=
+                   (tb->blknum[counter]) ? (tb->blknum[counter] -
+                                                  1) : 0;
+
+       /* Allocate missing empty blocks. */
+       /* if Sh == 0  then we are getting a new root */
+       amount_needed = (Sh) ? (tb->blknum[h] - 1) : 1;
+       /*
+        * Amount_needed = the amount that we need more than the
+        * amount that we have.
+        */
+       if (amount_needed > number_of_freeblk)
+               amount_needed -= number_of_freeblk;
+       else    /* If we have enough already then there is nothing to do. */
+               return CARRY_ON;
+
+       /*
+        * No need to check quota - is not allocated for blocks used
+        * for formatted nodes
+        */
+       if (reiserfs_new_form_blocknrs(tb, blocknrs,
+                                      amount_needed) == NO_DISK_SPACE)
+               return NO_DISK_SPACE;
+
+       /* for each blocknumber we just got, get a buffer and stick it on FEB */
+       for (blocknr = blocknrs, counter = 0;
+            counter < amount_needed; blocknr++, counter++) {
+
+               RFALSE(!*blocknr,
+                      "PAP-8135: reiserfs_new_blocknrs failed when got new blocks");
+
+               new_bh = sb_getblk(sb, *blocknr);
+               RFALSE(buffer_dirty(new_bh) ||
+                      buffer_journaled(new_bh) ||
+                      buffer_journal_dirty(new_bh),
+                      "PAP-8140: journaled or dirty buffer %b for the new block",
+                      new_bh);
+
+               /* Put empty buffers into the array. */
+               RFALSE(tb->FEB[tb->cur_blknum],
+                      "PAP-8141: busy slot for new buffer");
+
+               set_buffer_journal_new(new_bh);
+               tb->FEB[tb->cur_blknum++] = new_bh;
+       }
+
+       if (retval == CARRY_ON && FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb))
+               retval = REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+       return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get free space of the left neighbor, which is stored in the parent
+ * node of the left neighbor.
+ */
+static int get_lfree(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *l, *f;
+       int order;
+
+       if ((f = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h)) == NULL ||
+           (l = tb->FL[h]) == NULL)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (f == l)
+               order = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, h) - 1;
+       else {
+               order = B_NR_ITEMS(l);
+               f = l;
+       }
+
+       return (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(f) - dc_size(B_N_CHILD(f, order)));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get free space of the right neighbor,
+ * which is stored in the parent node of the right neighbor.
+ */
+static int get_rfree(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *r, *f;
+       int order;
+
+       if ((f = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h)) == NULL ||
+           (r = tb->FR[h]) == NULL)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (f == r)
+               order = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, h) + 1;
+       else {
+               order = 0;
+               f = r;
+       }
+
+       return (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(f) - dc_size(B_N_CHILD(f, order)));
+
+}
+
+/* Check whether left neighbor is in memory. */
+static int is_left_neighbor_in_cache(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *father, *left;
+       struct super_block *sb = tb->tb_sb;
+       b_blocknr_t left_neighbor_blocknr;
+       int left_neighbor_position;
+
+       /* Father of the left neighbor does not exist. */
+       if (!tb->FL[h])
+               return 0;
+
+       /* Calculate father of the node to be balanced. */
+       father = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+
+       RFALSE(!father ||
+              !B_IS_IN_TREE(father) ||
+              !B_IS_IN_TREE(tb->FL[h]) ||
+              !buffer_uptodate(father) ||
+              !buffer_uptodate(tb->FL[h]),
+              "vs-8165: F[h] (%b) or FL[h] (%b) is invalid",
+              father, tb->FL[h]);
+
+       /*
+        * Get position of the pointer to the left neighbor
+        * into the left father.
+        */
+       left_neighbor_position = (father == tb->FL[h]) ?
+           tb->lkey[h] : B_NR_ITEMS(tb->FL[h]);
+       /* Get left neighbor block number. */
+       left_neighbor_blocknr =
+           B_N_CHILD_NUM(tb->FL[h], left_neighbor_position);
+       /* Look for the left neighbor in the cache. */
+       if ((left = sb_find_get_block(sb, left_neighbor_blocknr))) {
+
+               RFALSE(buffer_uptodate(left) && !B_IS_IN_TREE(left),
+                      "vs-8170: left neighbor (%b %z) is not in the tree",
+                      left, left);
+               put_bh(left);
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#define LEFT_PARENTS  'l'
+#define RIGHT_PARENTS 'r'
+
+static void decrement_key(struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       /* call item specific function for this key */
+       item_ops[cpu_key_k_type(key)]->decrement_key(key);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate far left/right parent of the left/right neighbor of the
+ * current node, that is calculate the left/right (FL[h]/FR[h]) neighbor
+ * of the parent F[h].
+ * Calculate left/right common parent of the current node and L[h]/R[h].
+ * Calculate left/right delimiting key position.
+ * Returns:    PATH_INCORRECT    - path in the tree is not correct
+ *             SCHEDULE_OCCURRED - schedule occurred while the function worked
+ *             CARRY_ON          - schedule didn't occur while the function
+ *                                 worked
+ */
+static int get_far_parent(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                         int h,
+                         struct buffer_head **pfather,
+                         struct buffer_head **pcom_father, char c_lr_par)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *parent;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(s_path_to_neighbor_father);
+       struct treepath *path = tb->tb_path;
+       struct cpu_key s_lr_father_key;
+       int counter,
+           position = INT_MAX,
+           first_last_position = 0,
+           path_offset = PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(path, h);
+
+       /*
+        * Starting from F[h] go upwards in the tree, and look for the common
+        * ancestor of F[h], and its neighbor l/r, that should be obtained.
+        */
+
+       counter = path_offset;
+
+       RFALSE(counter < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+              "PAP-8180: invalid path length");
+
+       for (; counter > FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET; counter--) {
+               /*
+                * Check whether parent of the current buffer in the path
+                * is really parent in the tree.
+                */
+               if (!B_IS_IN_TREE
+                   (parent = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, counter - 1)))
+                       return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+               /* Check whether position in the parent is correct. */
+               if ((position =
+                    PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(path,
+                                         counter - 1)) >
+                   B_NR_ITEMS(parent))
+                       return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+               /*
+                * Check whether parent at the path really points
+                * to the child.
+                */
+               if (B_N_CHILD_NUM(parent, position) !=
+                   PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, counter)->b_blocknr)
+                       return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+               /*
+                * Return delimiting key if position in the parent is not
+                * equal to first/last one.
+                */
+               if (c_lr_par == RIGHT_PARENTS)
+                       first_last_position = B_NR_ITEMS(parent);
+               if (position != first_last_position) {
+                       *pcom_father = parent;
+                       get_bh(*pcom_father);
+                       /*(*pcom_father = parent)->b_count++; */
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* if we are in the root of the tree, then there is no common father */
+       if (counter == FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) {
+               /*
+                * Check whether first buffer in the path is the
+                * root of the tree.
+                */
+               if (PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER
+                   (tb->tb_path,
+                    FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET)->b_blocknr ==
+                   SB_ROOT_BLOCK(tb->tb_sb)) {
+                       *pfather = *pcom_father = NULL;
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(B_LEVEL(*pcom_father) <= DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL,
+              "PAP-8185: (%b %z) level too small",
+              *pcom_father, *pcom_father);
+
+       /* Check whether the common parent is locked. */
+
+       if (buffer_locked(*pcom_father)) {
+
+               /* Release the write lock while the buffer is busy */
+               int depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(tb->tb_sb);
+               __wait_on_buffer(*pcom_father);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(tb->tb_sb, depth);
+               if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb)) {
+                       brelse(*pcom_father);
+                       return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * So, we got common parent of the current node and its
+        * left/right neighbor.  Now we are getting the parent of the
+        * left/right neighbor.
+        */
+
+       /* Form key to get parent of the left/right neighbor. */
+       le_key2cpu_key(&s_lr_father_key,
+                      internal_key(*pcom_father,
+                                     (c_lr_par ==
+                                      LEFT_PARENTS) ? (tb->lkey[h - 1] =
+                                                       position -
+                                                       1) : (tb->rkey[h -
+                                                                          1] =
+                                                             position)));
+
+       if (c_lr_par == LEFT_PARENTS)
+               decrement_key(&s_lr_father_key);
+
+       if (search_by_key
+           (tb->tb_sb, &s_lr_father_key, &s_path_to_neighbor_father,
+            h + 1) == IO_ERROR)
+               /* path is released */
+               return IO_ERROR;
+
+       if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb)) {
+               pathrelse(&s_path_to_neighbor_father);
+               brelse(*pcom_father);
+               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+       }
+
+       *pfather = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(&s_path_to_neighbor_father);
+
+       RFALSE(B_LEVEL(*pfather) != h + 1,
+              "PAP-8190: (%b %z) level too small", *pfather, *pfather);
+       RFALSE(s_path_to_neighbor_father.path_length <
+              FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET, "PAP-8192: path length is too small");
+
+       s_path_to_neighbor_father.path_length--;
+       pathrelse(&s_path_to_neighbor_father);
+       return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Get parents of neighbors of node in the path(S[path_offset]) and
+ * common parents of S[path_offset] and L[path_offset]/R[path_offset]:
+ * F[path_offset], FL[path_offset], FR[path_offset], CFL[path_offset],
+ * CFR[path_offset].
+ * Calculate numbers of left and right delimiting keys position:
+ * lkey[path_offset], rkey[path_offset].
+ * Returns:    SCHEDULE_OCCURRED - schedule occurred while the function worked
+ *             CARRY_ON - schedule didn't occur while the function worked
+ */
+static int get_parents(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct treepath *path = tb->tb_path;
+       int position,
+           ret,
+           path_offset = PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(tb->tb_path, h);
+       struct buffer_head *curf, *curcf;
+
+       /* Current node is the root of the tree or will be root of the tree */
+       if (path_offset <= FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) {
+               /*
+                * The root can not have parents.
+                * Release nodes which previously were obtained as
+                * parents of the current node neighbors.
+                */
+               brelse(tb->FL[h]);
+               brelse(tb->CFL[h]);
+               brelse(tb->FR[h]);
+               brelse(tb->CFR[h]);
+               tb->FL[h]  = NULL;
+               tb->CFL[h] = NULL;
+               tb->FR[h]  = NULL;
+               tb->CFR[h] = NULL;
+               return CARRY_ON;
+       }
+
+       /* Get parent FL[path_offset] of L[path_offset]. */
+       position = PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(path, path_offset - 1);
+       if (position) {
+               /* Current node is not the first child of its parent. */
+               curf = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, path_offset - 1);
+               curcf = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, path_offset - 1);
+               get_bh(curf);
+               get_bh(curf);
+               tb->lkey[h] = position - 1;
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * Calculate current parent of L[path_offset], which is the
+                * left neighbor of the current node.  Calculate current
+                * common parent of L[path_offset] and the current node.
+                * Note that CFL[path_offset] not equal FL[path_offset] and
+                * CFL[path_offset] not equal F[path_offset].
+                * Calculate lkey[path_offset].
+                */
+               if ((ret = get_far_parent(tb, h + 1, &curf,
+                                                 &curcf,
+                                                 LEFT_PARENTS)) != CARRY_ON)
+                       return ret;
+       }
+
+       brelse(tb->FL[h]);
+       tb->FL[h] = curf;       /* New initialization of FL[h]. */
+       brelse(tb->CFL[h]);
+       tb->CFL[h] = curcf;     /* New initialization of CFL[h]. */
+
+       RFALSE((curf && !B_IS_IN_TREE(curf)) ||
+              (curcf && !B_IS_IN_TREE(curcf)),
+              "PAP-8195: FL (%b) or CFL (%b) is invalid", curf, curcf);
+
+       /* Get parent FR[h] of R[h]. */
+
+       /* Current node is the last child of F[h]. FR[h] != F[h]. */
+       if (position == B_NR_ITEMS(PATH_H_PBUFFER(path, h + 1))) {
+               /*
+                * Calculate current parent of R[h], which is the right
+                * neighbor of F[h].  Calculate current common parent of
+                * R[h] and current node. Note that CFR[h] not equal
+                * FR[path_offset] and CFR[h] not equal F[h].
+                */
+               if ((ret =
+                    get_far_parent(tb, h + 1, &curf, &curcf,
+                                   RIGHT_PARENTS)) != CARRY_ON)
+                       return ret;
+       } else {
+               /* Current node is not the last child of its parent F[h]. */
+               curf = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, path_offset - 1);
+               curcf = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, path_offset - 1);
+               get_bh(curf);
+               get_bh(curf);
+               tb->rkey[h] = position;
+       }
+
+       brelse(tb->FR[h]);
+       /* New initialization of FR[path_offset]. */
+       tb->FR[h] = curf;
+
+       brelse(tb->CFR[h]);
+       /* New initialization of CFR[path_offset]. */
+       tb->CFR[h] = curcf;
+
+       RFALSE((curf && !B_IS_IN_TREE(curf)) ||
+              (curcf && !B_IS_IN_TREE(curcf)),
+              "PAP-8205: FR (%b) or CFR (%b) is invalid", curf, curcf);
+
+       return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+/*
+ * it is possible to remove node as result of shiftings to
+ * neighbors even when we insert or paste item.
+ */
+static inline int can_node_be_removed(int mode, int lfree, int sfree, int rfree,
+                                     struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+       int levbytes = tb->insert_size[h];
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       struct reiserfs_key *r_key = NULL;
+
+       ih = item_head(Sh, 0);
+       if (tb->CFR[h])
+               r_key = internal_key(tb->CFR[h], tb->rkey[h]);
+
+       if (lfree + rfree + sfree < MAX_CHILD_SIZE(Sh) + levbytes
+           /* shifting may merge items which might save space */
+           -
+           ((!h
+             && op_is_left_mergeable(&ih->ih_key, Sh->b_size)) ? IH_SIZE : 0)
+           -
+           ((!h && r_key
+             && op_is_left_mergeable(r_key, Sh->b_size)) ? IH_SIZE : 0)
+           + ((h) ? KEY_SIZE : 0)) {
+               /* node can not be removed */
+               if (sfree >= levbytes) {
+                       /* new item fits into node S[h] without any shifting */
+                       if (!h)
+                               tb->s0num =
+                                   B_NR_ITEMS(Sh) +
+                                   ((mode == M_INSERT) ? 1 : 0);
+                       set_parameters(tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+                       return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+               }
+       }
+       PROC_INFO_INC(tb->tb_sb, can_node_be_removed[h]);
+       return !NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether current node S[h] is balanced when increasing its size by
+ * Inserting or Pasting.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *     tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *     h       current level of the node;
+ *     inum    item number in S[h];
+ *     mode    i - insert, p - paste;
+ * Returns:    1 - schedule occurred;
+ *             0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -2 - no disk space.
+ */
+/* ip means Inserting or Pasting */
+static int ip_check_balance(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct virtual_node *vn = tb->tb_vn;
+       /*
+        * Number of bytes that must be inserted into (value is negative
+        * if bytes are deleted) buffer which contains node being balanced.
+        * The mnemonic is that the attempted change in node space used
+        * level is levbytes bytes.
+        */
+       int levbytes;
+       int ret;
+
+       int lfree, sfree, rfree /* free space in L, S and R */ ;
+
+       /*
+        * nver is short for number of vertixes, and lnver is the number if
+        * we shift to the left, rnver is the number if we shift to the
+        * right, and lrnver is the number if we shift in both directions.
+        * The goal is to minimize first the number of vertixes, and second,
+        * the number of vertixes whose contents are changed by shifting,
+        * and third the number of uncached vertixes whose contents are
+        * changed by shifting and must be read from disk.
+        */
+       int nver, lnver, rnver, lrnver;
+
+       /*
+        * used at leaf level only, S0 = S[0] is the node being balanced,
+        * sInum [ I = 0,1,2 ] is the number of items that will
+        * remain in node SI after balancing.  S1 and S2 are new
+        * nodes that might be created.
+        */
+
+       /*
+        * we perform 8 calls to get_num_ver().  For each call we
+        * calculate five parameters.  where 4th parameter is s1bytes
+        * and 5th - s2bytes
+        *
+        * s0num, s1num, s2num for 8 cases
+        * 0,1 - do not shift and do not shift but bottle
+        * 2   - shift only whole item to left
+        * 3   - shift to left and bottle as much as possible
+        * 4,5 - shift to right (whole items and as much as possible
+        * 6,7 - shift to both directions (whole items and as much as possible)
+        */
+       short snum012[40] = { 0, };
+
+       /* Sh is the node whose balance is currently being checked */
+       struct buffer_head *Sh;
+
+       Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+       levbytes = tb->insert_size[h];
+
+       /* Calculate balance parameters for creating new root. */
+       if (!Sh) {
+               if (!h)
+                       reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-8210",
+                                      "S[0] can not be 0");
+               switch (ret = get_empty_nodes(tb, h)) {
+               /* no balancing for higher levels needed */
+               case CARRY_ON:
+                       set_parameters(tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+                       return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+
+               case NO_DISK_SPACE:
+               case REPEAT_SEARCH:
+                       return ret;
+               default:
+                       reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-8215", "incorrect "
+                                      "return value of get_empty_nodes");
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* get parents of S[h] neighbors. */
+       ret = get_parents(tb, h);
+       if (ret != CARRY_ON)
+               return ret;
+
+       sfree = B_FREE_SPACE(Sh);
+
+       /* get free space of neighbors */
+       rfree = get_rfree(tb, h);
+       lfree = get_lfree(tb, h);
+
+       /* and new item fits into node S[h] without any shifting */
+       if (can_node_be_removed(vn->vn_mode, lfree, sfree, rfree, tb, h) ==
+           NO_BALANCING_NEEDED)
+               return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+
+       create_virtual_node(tb, h);
+
+       /*
+        * determine maximal number of items we can shift to the left
+        * neighbor (in tb structure) and the maximal number of bytes
+        * that can flow to the left neighbor from the left most liquid
+        * item that cannot be shifted from S[0] entirely (returned value)
+        */
+       check_left(tb, h, lfree);
+
+       /*
+        * determine maximal number of items we can shift to the right
+        * neighbor (in tb structure) and the maximal number of bytes
+        * that can flow to the right neighbor from the right most liquid
+        * item that cannot be shifted from S[0] entirely (returned value)
+        */
+       check_right(tb, h, rfree);
+
+       /*
+        * all contents of internal node S[h] can be moved into its
+        * neighbors, S[h] will be removed after balancing
+        */
+       if (h && (tb->rnum[h] + tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1)) {
+               int to_r;
+
+               /*
+                * Since we are working on internal nodes, and our internal
+                * nodes have fixed size entries, then we can balance by the
+                * number of items rather than the space they consume.  In this
+                * routine we set the left node equal to the right node,
+                * allowing a difference of less than or equal to 1 child
+                * pointer.
+                */
+               to_r =
+                   ((MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) << 1) + 2 - tb->lnum[h] - tb->rnum[h] +
+                    vn->vn_nr_item + 1) / 2 - (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 -
+                                               tb->rnum[h]);
+               set_parameters(tb, h, vn->vn_nr_item + 1 - to_r, to_r, 0, NULL,
+                              -1, -1);
+               return CARRY_ON;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * this checks balance condition, that any two neighboring nodes
+        * can not fit in one node
+        */
+       RFALSE(h &&
+              (tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1 ||
+               tb->rnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1),
+              "vs-8220: tree is not balanced on internal level");
+       RFALSE(!h && ((tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item && (tb->lbytes == -1)) ||
+                     (tb->rnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item && (tb->rbytes == -1))),
+              "vs-8225: tree is not balanced on leaf level");
+
+       /*
+        * all contents of S[0] can be moved into its neighbors
+        * S[0] will be removed after balancing.
+        */
+       if (!h && is_leaf_removable(tb))
+               return CARRY_ON;
+
+       /*
+        * why do we perform this check here rather than earlier??
+        * Answer: we can win 1 node in some cases above. Moreover we
+        * checked it above, when we checked, that S[0] is not removable
+        * in principle
+        */
+
+        /* new item fits into node S[h] without any shifting */
+       if (sfree >= levbytes) {
+               if (!h)
+                       tb->s0num = vn->vn_nr_item;
+               set_parameters(tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+               return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+       }
+
+       {
+               int lpar, rpar, nset, lset, rset, lrset;
+               /* regular overflowing of the node */
+
+               /*
+                * get_num_ver works in 2 modes (FLOW & NO_FLOW)
+                * lpar, rpar - number of items we can shift to left/right
+                *              neighbor (including splitting item)
+                * nset, lset, rset, lrset - shows, whether flowing items
+                *                           give better packing
+                */
+#define FLOW 1
+#define NO_FLOW 0              /* do not any splitting */
+
+               /* we choose one of the following */
+#define NOTHING_SHIFT_NO_FLOW  0
+#define NOTHING_SHIFT_FLOW     5
+#define LEFT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW     10
+#define LEFT_SHIFT_FLOW                15
+#define RIGHT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW    20
+#define RIGHT_SHIFT_FLOW       25
+#define LR_SHIFT_NO_FLOW       30
+#define LR_SHIFT_FLOW          35
+
+               lpar = tb->lnum[h];
+               rpar = tb->rnum[h];
+
+               /*
+                * calculate number of blocks S[h] must be split into when
+                * nothing is shifted to the neighbors, as well as number of
+                * items in each part of the split node (s012 numbers),
+                * and number of bytes (s1bytes) of the shared drop which
+                * flow to S1 if any
+                */
+               nset = NOTHING_SHIFT_NO_FLOW;
+               nver = get_num_ver(vn->vn_mode, tb, h,
+                                  0, -1, h ? vn->vn_nr_item : 0, -1,
+                                  snum012, NO_FLOW);
+
+               if (!h) {
+                       int nver1;
+
+                       /*
+                        * note, that in this case we try to bottle
+                        * between S[0] and S1 (S1 - the first new node)
+                        */
+                       nver1 = get_num_ver(vn->vn_mode, tb, h,
+                                           0, -1, 0, -1,
+                                           snum012 + NOTHING_SHIFT_FLOW, FLOW);
+                       if (nver > nver1)
+                               nset = NOTHING_SHIFT_FLOW, nver = nver1;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * calculate number of blocks S[h] must be split into when
+                * l_shift_num first items and l_shift_bytes of the right
+                * most liquid item to be shifted are shifted to the left
+                * neighbor, as well as number of items in each part of the
+                * splitted node (s012 numbers), and number of bytes
+                * (s1bytes) of the shared drop which flow to S1 if any
+                */
+               lset = LEFT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW;
+               lnver = get_num_ver(vn->vn_mode, tb, h,
+                                   lpar - ((h || tb->lbytes == -1) ? 0 : 1),
+                                   -1, h ? vn->vn_nr_item : 0, -1,
+                                   snum012 + LEFT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW, NO_FLOW);
+               if (!h) {
+                       int lnver1;
+
+                       lnver1 = get_num_ver(vn->vn_mode, tb, h,
+                                            lpar -
+                                            ((tb->lbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0),
+                                            tb->lbytes, 0, -1,
+                                            snum012 + LEFT_SHIFT_FLOW, FLOW);
+                       if (lnver > lnver1)
+                               lset = LEFT_SHIFT_FLOW, lnver = lnver1;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * calculate number of blocks S[h] must be split into when
+                * r_shift_num first items and r_shift_bytes of the left most
+                * liquid item to be shifted are shifted to the right neighbor,
+                * as well as number of items in each part of the splitted
+                * node (s012 numbers), and number of bytes (s1bytes) of the
+                * shared drop which flow to S1 if any
+                */
+               rset = RIGHT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW;
+               rnver = get_num_ver(vn->vn_mode, tb, h,
+                                   0, -1,
+                                   h ? (vn->vn_nr_item - rpar) : (rpar -
+                                                                  ((tb->
+                                                                    rbytes !=
+                                                                    -1) ? 1 :
+                                                                   0)), -1,
+                                   snum012 + RIGHT_SHIFT_NO_FLOW, NO_FLOW);
+               if (!h) {
+                       int rnver1;
+
+                       rnver1 = get_num_ver(vn->vn_mode, tb, h,
+                                            0, -1,
+                                            (rpar -
+                                             ((tb->rbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0)),
+                                            tb->rbytes,
+                                            snum012 + RIGHT_SHIFT_FLOW, FLOW);
+
+                       if (rnver > rnver1)
+                               rset = RIGHT_SHIFT_FLOW, rnver = rnver1;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * calculate number of blocks S[h] must be split into when
+                * items are shifted in both directions, as well as number
+                * of items in each part of the splitted node (s012 numbers),
+                * and number of bytes (s1bytes) of the shared drop which
+                * flow to S1 if any
+                */
+               lrset = LR_SHIFT_NO_FLOW;
+               lrnver = get_num_ver(vn->vn_mode, tb, h,
+                                    lpar - ((h || tb->lbytes == -1) ? 0 : 1),
+                                    -1,
+                                    h ? (vn->vn_nr_item - rpar) : (rpar -
+                                                                   ((tb->
+                                                                     rbytes !=
+                                                                     -1) ? 1 :
+                                                                    0)), -1,
+                                    snum012 + LR_SHIFT_NO_FLOW, NO_FLOW);
+               if (!h) {
+                       int lrnver1;
+
+                       lrnver1 = get_num_ver(vn->vn_mode, tb, h,
+                                             lpar -
+                                             ((tb->lbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0),
+                                             tb->lbytes,
+                                             (rpar -
+                                              ((tb->rbytes != -1) ? 1 : 0)),
+                                             tb->rbytes,
+                                             snum012 + LR_SHIFT_FLOW, FLOW);
+                       if (lrnver > lrnver1)
+                               lrset = LR_SHIFT_FLOW, lrnver = lrnver1;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * Our general shifting strategy is:
+                * 1) to minimized number of new nodes;
+                * 2) to minimized number of neighbors involved in shifting;
+                * 3) to minimized number of disk reads;
+                */
+
+               /* we can win TWO or ONE nodes by shifting in both directions */
+               if (lrnver < lnver && lrnver < rnver) {
+                       RFALSE(h &&
+                              (tb->lnum[h] != 1 ||
+                               tb->rnum[h] != 1 ||
+                               lrnver != 1 || rnver != 2 || lnver != 2
+                               || h != 1), "vs-8230: bad h");
+                       if (lrset == LR_SHIFT_FLOW)
+                               set_parameters(tb, h, tb->lnum[h], tb->rnum[h],
+                                              lrnver, snum012 + lrset,
+                                              tb->lbytes, tb->rbytes);
+                       else
+                               set_parameters(tb, h,
+                                              tb->lnum[h] -
+                                              ((tb->lbytes == -1) ? 0 : 1),
+                                              tb->rnum[h] -
+                                              ((tb->rbytes == -1) ? 0 : 1),
+                                              lrnver, snum012 + lrset, -1, -1);
+
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * if shifting doesn't lead to better packing
+                * then don't shift
+                */
+               if (nver == lrnver) {
+                       set_parameters(tb, h, 0, 0, nver, snum012 + nset, -1,
+                                      -1);
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * now we know that for better packing shifting in only one
+                * direction either to the left or to the right is required
+                */
+
+               /*
+                * if shifting to the left is better than
+                * shifting to the right
+                */
+               if (lnver < rnver) {
+                       SET_PAR_SHIFT_LEFT;
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * if shifting to the right is better than
+                * shifting to the left
+                */
+               if (lnver > rnver) {
+                       SET_PAR_SHIFT_RIGHT;
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * now shifting in either direction gives the same number
+                * of nodes and we can make use of the cached neighbors
+                */
+               if (is_left_neighbor_in_cache(tb, h)) {
+                       SET_PAR_SHIFT_LEFT;
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * shift to the right independently on whether the
+                * right neighbor in cache or not
+                */
+               SET_PAR_SHIFT_RIGHT;
+               return CARRY_ON;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether current node S[h] is balanced when Decreasing its size by
+ * Deleting or Cutting for INTERNAL node of S+tree.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *     tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *     h       current level of the node;
+ *     inum    item number in S[h];
+ *     mode    i - insert, p - paste;
+ * Returns:    1 - schedule occurred;
+ *             0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -2 - no disk space.
+ *
+ * Note: Items of internal nodes have fixed size, so the balance condition for
+ * the internal part of S+tree is as for the B-trees.
+ */
+static int dc_check_balance_internal(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct virtual_node *vn = tb->tb_vn;
+
+       /*
+        * Sh is the node whose balance is currently being checked,
+        * and Fh is its father.
+        */
+       struct buffer_head *Sh, *Fh;
+       int ret;
+       int lfree, rfree /* free space in L and R */ ;
+
+       Sh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+       Fh = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+
+       /*
+        * using tb->insert_size[h], which is negative in this case,
+        * create_virtual_node calculates:
+        * new_nr_item = number of items node would have if operation is
+        * performed without balancing (new_nr_item);
+        */
+       create_virtual_node(tb, h);
+
+       if (!Fh) {              /* S[h] is the root. */
+               /* no balancing for higher levels needed */
+               if (vn->vn_nr_item > 0) {
+                       set_parameters(tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+                       return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+               }
+               /*
+                * new_nr_item == 0.
+                * Current root will be deleted resulting in
+                * decrementing the tree height.
+                */
+               set_parameters(tb, h, 0, 0, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+               return CARRY_ON;
+       }
+
+       if ((ret = get_parents(tb, h)) != CARRY_ON)
+               return ret;
+
+       /* get free space of neighbors */
+       rfree = get_rfree(tb, h);
+       lfree = get_lfree(tb, h);
+
+       /* determine maximal number of items we can fit into neighbors */
+       check_left(tb, h, lfree);
+       check_right(tb, h, rfree);
+
+       /*
+        * Balance condition for the internal node is valid.
+        * In this case we balance only if it leads to better packing.
+        */
+       if (vn->vn_nr_item >= MIN_NR_KEY(Sh)) {
+               /*
+                * Here we join S[h] with one of its neighbors,
+                * which is impossible with greater values of new_nr_item.
+                */
+               if (vn->vn_nr_item == MIN_NR_KEY(Sh)) {
+                       /* All contents of S[h] can be moved to L[h]. */
+                       if (tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1) {
+                               int n;
+                               int order_L;
+
+                               order_L =
+                                   ((n =
+                                     PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path,
+                                                         h)) ==
+                                    0) ? B_NR_ITEMS(tb->FL[h]) : n - 1;
+                               n = dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FL[h], order_L)) /
+                                   (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+                               set_parameters(tb, h, -n - 1, 0, 0, NULL, -1,
+                                              -1);
+                               return CARRY_ON;
+                       }
+
+                       /* All contents of S[h] can be moved to R[h]. */
+                       if (tb->rnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1) {
+                               int n;
+                               int order_R;
+
+                               order_R =
+                                   ((n =
+                                     PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path,
+                                                         h)) ==
+                                    B_NR_ITEMS(Fh)) ? 0 : n + 1;
+                               n = dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FR[h], order_R)) /
+                                   (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE);
+                               set_parameters(tb, h, 0, -n - 1, 0, NULL, -1,
+                                              -1);
+                               return CARRY_ON;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * All contents of S[h] can be moved to the neighbors
+                * (L[h] & R[h]).
+                */
+               if (tb->rnum[h] + tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1) {
+                       int to_r;
+
+                       to_r =
+                           ((MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) << 1) + 2 - tb->lnum[h] -
+                            tb->rnum[h] + vn->vn_nr_item + 1) / 2 -
+                           (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - tb->rnum[h]);
+                       set_parameters(tb, h, vn->vn_nr_item + 1 - to_r, to_r,
+                                      0, NULL, -1, -1);
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+
+               /* Balancing does not lead to better packing. */
+               set_parameters(tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+               return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Current node contain insufficient number of items.
+        * Balancing is required.
+        */
+       /* Check whether we can merge S[h] with left neighbor. */
+       if (tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1)
+               if (is_left_neighbor_in_cache(tb, h)
+                   || tb->rnum[h] < vn->vn_nr_item + 1 || !tb->FR[h]) {
+                       int n;
+                       int order_L;
+
+                       order_L =
+                           ((n =
+                             PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path,
+                                                 h)) ==
+                            0) ? B_NR_ITEMS(tb->FL[h]) : n - 1;
+                       n = dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FL[h], order_L)) / (DC_SIZE +
+                                                                     KEY_SIZE);
+                       set_parameters(tb, h, -n - 1, 0, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+
+       /* Check whether we can merge S[h] with right neighbor. */
+       if (tb->rnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1) {
+               int n;
+               int order_R;
+
+               order_R =
+                   ((n =
+                     PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path,
+                                         h)) == B_NR_ITEMS(Fh)) ? 0 : (n + 1);
+               n = dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FR[h], order_R)) / (DC_SIZE +
+                                                             KEY_SIZE);
+               set_parameters(tb, h, 0, -n - 1, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+               return CARRY_ON;
+       }
+
+       /* All contents of S[h] can be moved to the neighbors (L[h] & R[h]). */
+       if (tb->rnum[h] + tb->lnum[h] >= vn->vn_nr_item + 1) {
+               int to_r;
+
+               to_r =
+                   ((MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) << 1) + 2 - tb->lnum[h] - tb->rnum[h] +
+                    vn->vn_nr_item + 1) / 2 - (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 -
+                                               tb->rnum[h]);
+               set_parameters(tb, h, vn->vn_nr_item + 1 - to_r, to_r, 0, NULL,
+                              -1, -1);
+               return CARRY_ON;
+       }
+
+       /* For internal nodes try to borrow item from a neighbor */
+       RFALSE(!tb->FL[h] && !tb->FR[h], "vs-8235: trying to borrow for root");
+
+       /* Borrow one or two items from caching neighbor */
+       if (is_left_neighbor_in_cache(tb, h) || !tb->FR[h]) {
+               int from_l;
+
+               from_l =
+                   (MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - tb->lnum[h] + vn->vn_nr_item +
+                    1) / 2 - (vn->vn_nr_item + 1);
+               set_parameters(tb, h, -from_l, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+               return CARRY_ON;
+       }
+
+       set_parameters(tb, h, 0,
+                      -((MAX_NR_KEY(Sh) + 1 - tb->rnum[h] + vn->vn_nr_item +
+                         1) / 2 - (vn->vn_nr_item + 1)), 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+       return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether current node S[h] is balanced when Decreasing its size by
+ * Deleting or Truncating for LEAF node of S+tree.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *     tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *     h       current level of the node;
+ *     inum    item number in S[h];
+ *     mode    i - insert, p - paste;
+ * Returns:    1 - schedule occurred;
+ *             0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -2 - no disk space.
+ */
+static int dc_check_balance_leaf(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct virtual_node *vn = tb->tb_vn;
+
+       /*
+        * Number of bytes that must be deleted from
+        * (value is negative if bytes are deleted) buffer which
+        * contains node being balanced.  The mnemonic is that the
+        * attempted change in node space used level is levbytes bytes.
+        */
+       int levbytes;
+
+       /* the maximal item size */
+       int maxsize, ret;
+
+       /*
+        * S0 is the node whose balance is currently being checked,
+        * and F0 is its father.
+        */
+       struct buffer_head *S0, *F0;
+       int lfree, rfree /* free space in L and R */ ;
+
+       S0 = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, 0);
+       F0 = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0);
+
+       levbytes = tb->insert_size[h];
+
+       maxsize = MAX_CHILD_SIZE(S0);   /* maximal possible size of an item */
+
+       if (!F0) {              /* S[0] is the root now. */
+
+               RFALSE(-levbytes >= maxsize - B_FREE_SPACE(S0),
+                      "vs-8240: attempt to create empty buffer tree");
+
+               set_parameters(tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+               return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+       }
+
+       if ((ret = get_parents(tb, h)) != CARRY_ON)
+               return ret;
+
+       /* get free space of neighbors */
+       rfree = get_rfree(tb, h);
+       lfree = get_lfree(tb, h);
+
+       create_virtual_node(tb, h);
+
+       /* if 3 leaves can be merge to one, set parameters and return */
+       if (are_leaves_removable(tb, lfree, rfree))
+               return CARRY_ON;
+
+       /*
+        * determine maximal number of items we can shift to the left/right
+        * neighbor and the maximal number of bytes that can flow to the
+        * left/right neighbor from the left/right most liquid item that
+        * cannot be shifted from S[0] entirely
+        */
+       check_left(tb, h, lfree);
+       check_right(tb, h, rfree);
+
+       /* check whether we can merge S with left neighbor. */
+       if (tb->lnum[0] >= vn->vn_nr_item && tb->lbytes == -1)
+               if (is_left_neighbor_in_cache(tb, h) || ((tb->rnum[0] - ((tb->rbytes == -1) ? 0 : 1)) < vn->vn_nr_item) ||      /* S can not be merged with R */
+                   !tb->FR[h]) {
+
+                       RFALSE(!tb->FL[h],
+                              "vs-8245: dc_check_balance_leaf: FL[h] must exist");
+
+                       /* set parameter to merge S[0] with its left neighbor */
+                       set_parameters(tb, h, -1, 0, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+
+       /* check whether we can merge S[0] with right neighbor. */
+       if (tb->rnum[0] >= vn->vn_nr_item && tb->rbytes == -1) {
+               set_parameters(tb, h, 0, -1, 0, NULL, -1, -1);
+               return CARRY_ON;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * All contents of S[0] can be moved to the neighbors (L[0] & R[0]).
+        * Set parameters and return
+        */
+       if (is_leaf_removable(tb))
+               return CARRY_ON;
+
+       /* Balancing is not required. */
+       tb->s0num = vn->vn_nr_item;
+       set_parameters(tb, h, 0, 0, 1, NULL, -1, -1);
+       return NO_BALANCING_NEEDED;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether current node S[h] is balanced when Decreasing its size by
+ * Deleting or Cutting.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *     tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *     h       current level of the node;
+ *     inum    item number in S[h];
+ *     mode    d - delete, c - cut.
+ * Returns:    1 - schedule occurred;
+ *             0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -2 - no disk space.
+ */
+static int dc_check_balance(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       RFALSE(!(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h)),
+              "vs-8250: S is not initialized");
+
+       if (h)
+               return dc_check_balance_internal(tb, h);
+       else
+               return dc_check_balance_leaf(tb, h);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether current node S[h] is balanced.
+ * Calculate parameters for balancing for current level h.
+ * Parameters:
+ *
+ *     tb      tree_balance structure:
+ *
+ *              tb is a large structure that must be read about in the header
+ *             file at the same time as this procedure if the reader is
+ *             to successfully understand this procedure
+ *
+ *     h       current level of the node;
+ *     inum    item number in S[h];
+ *     mode    i - insert, p - paste, d - delete, c - cut.
+ * Returns:    1 - schedule occurred;
+ *             0 - balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -1 - no balancing for higher levels needed;
+ *            -2 - no disk space.
+ */
+static int check_balance(int mode,
+                        struct tree_balance *tb,
+                        int h,
+                        int inum,
+                        int pos_in_item,
+                        struct item_head *ins_ih, const void *data)
+{
+       struct virtual_node *vn;
+
+       vn = tb->tb_vn = (struct virtual_node *)(tb->vn_buf);
+       vn->vn_free_ptr = (char *)(tb->tb_vn + 1);
+       vn->vn_mode = mode;
+       vn->vn_affected_item_num = inum;
+       vn->vn_pos_in_item = pos_in_item;
+       vn->vn_ins_ih = ins_ih;
+       vn->vn_data = data;
+
+       RFALSE(mode == M_INSERT && !vn->vn_ins_ih,
+              "vs-8255: ins_ih can not be 0 in insert mode");
+
+       /* Calculate balance parameters when size of node is increasing. */
+       if (tb->insert_size[h] > 0)
+               return ip_check_balance(tb, h);
+
+       /* Calculate balance parameters when  size of node is decreasing. */
+       return dc_check_balance(tb, h);
+}
+
+/* Check whether parent at the path is the really parent of the current node.*/
+static int get_direct_parent(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct treepath *path = tb->tb_path;
+       int position,
+           path_offset = PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(tb->tb_path, h);
+
+       /* We are in the root or in the new root. */
+       if (path_offset <= FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) {
+
+               RFALSE(path_offset < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET - 1,
+                      "PAP-8260: invalid offset in the path");
+
+               if (PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET)->
+                   b_blocknr == SB_ROOT_BLOCK(tb->tb_sb)) {
+                       /* Root is not changed. */
+                       PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, path_offset - 1) = NULL;
+                       PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(path, path_offset - 1) = 0;
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+               /* Root is changed and we must recalculate the path. */
+               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+       }
+
+       /* Parent in the path is not in the tree. */
+       if (!B_IS_IN_TREE
+           (bh = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, path_offset - 1)))
+               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+       if ((position =
+            PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(path,
+                                 path_offset - 1)) > B_NR_ITEMS(bh))
+               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+       /* Parent in the path is not parent of the current node in the tree. */
+       if (B_N_CHILD_NUM(bh, position) !=
+           PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, path_offset)->b_blocknr)
+               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+       if (buffer_locked(bh)) {
+               int depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(tb->tb_sb);
+               __wait_on_buffer(bh);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(tb->tb_sb, depth);
+               if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb))
+                       return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Parent in the path is unlocked and really parent
+        * of the current node.
+        */
+       return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Using lnum[h] and rnum[h] we should determine what neighbors
+ * of S[h] we
+ * need in order to balance S[h], and get them if necessary.
+ * Returns:    SCHEDULE_OCCURRED - schedule occurred while the function worked;
+ *             CARRY_ON - schedule didn't occur while the function worked;
+ */
+static int get_neighbors(struct tree_balance *tb, int h)
+{
+       int child_position,
+           path_offset = PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+       unsigned long son_number;
+       struct super_block *sb = tb->tb_sb;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       int depth;
+
+       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, get_neighbors[h]);
+
+       if (tb->lnum[h]) {
+               /* We need left neighbor to balance S[h]. */
+               PROC_INFO_INC(sb, need_l_neighbor[h]);
+               bh = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, path_offset);
+
+               RFALSE(bh == tb->FL[h] &&
+                      !PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(tb->tb_path, path_offset),
+                      "PAP-8270: invalid position in the parent");
+
+               child_position =
+                   (bh ==
+                    tb->FL[h]) ? tb->lkey[h] : B_NR_ITEMS(tb->
+                                                                      FL[h]);
+               son_number = B_N_CHILD_NUM(tb->FL[h], child_position);
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(tb->tb_sb);
+               bh = sb_bread(sb, son_number);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(tb->tb_sb, depth);
+               if (!bh)
+                       return IO_ERROR;
+               if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb)) {
+                       brelse(bh);
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, get_neighbors_restart[h]);
+                       return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+               }
+
+               RFALSE(!B_IS_IN_TREE(tb->FL[h]) ||
+                      child_position > B_NR_ITEMS(tb->FL[h]) ||
+                      B_N_CHILD_NUM(tb->FL[h], child_position) !=
+                      bh->b_blocknr, "PAP-8275: invalid parent");
+               RFALSE(!B_IS_IN_TREE(bh), "PAP-8280: invalid child");
+               RFALSE(!h &&
+                      B_FREE_SPACE(bh) !=
+                      MAX_CHILD_SIZE(bh) -
+                      dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FL[0], child_position)),
+                      "PAP-8290: invalid child size of left neighbor");
+
+               brelse(tb->L[h]);
+               tb->L[h] = bh;
+       }
+
+       /* We need right neighbor to balance S[path_offset]. */
+       if (tb->rnum[h]) {
+               PROC_INFO_INC(sb, need_r_neighbor[h]);
+               bh = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, path_offset);
+
+               RFALSE(bh == tb->FR[h] &&
+                      PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(tb->tb_path,
+                                           path_offset) >=
+                      B_NR_ITEMS(bh),
+                      "PAP-8295: invalid position in the parent");
+
+               child_position =
+                   (bh == tb->FR[h]) ? tb->rkey[h] + 1 : 0;
+               son_number = B_N_CHILD_NUM(tb->FR[h], child_position);
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(tb->tb_sb);
+               bh = sb_bread(sb, son_number);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(tb->tb_sb, depth);
+               if (!bh)
+                       return IO_ERROR;
+               if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb)) {
+                       brelse(bh);
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, get_neighbors_restart[h]);
+                       return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+               }
+               brelse(tb->R[h]);
+               tb->R[h] = bh;
+
+               RFALSE(!h
+                      && B_FREE_SPACE(bh) !=
+                      MAX_CHILD_SIZE(bh) -
+                      dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FR[0], child_position)),
+                      "PAP-8300: invalid child size of right neighbor (%d != %d - %d)",
+                      B_FREE_SPACE(bh), MAX_CHILD_SIZE(bh),
+                      dc_size(B_N_CHILD(tb->FR[0], child_position)));
+
+       }
+       return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+static int get_virtual_node_size(struct super_block *sb, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       int max_num_of_items;
+       int max_num_of_entries;
+       unsigned long blocksize = sb->s_blocksize;
+
+#define MIN_NAME_LEN 1
+
+       max_num_of_items = (blocksize - BLKH_SIZE) / (IH_SIZE + MIN_ITEM_LEN);
+       max_num_of_entries = (blocksize - BLKH_SIZE - IH_SIZE) /
+           (DEH_SIZE + MIN_NAME_LEN);
+
+       return sizeof(struct virtual_node) +
+           max(max_num_of_items * sizeof(struct virtual_item),
+               sizeof(struct virtual_item) +
+               struct_size_t(struct direntry_uarea, entry_sizes,
+                             max_num_of_entries));
+}
+
+/*
+ * maybe we should fail balancing we are going to perform when kmalloc
+ * fails several times. But now it will loop until kmalloc gets
+ * required memory
+ */
+static int get_mem_for_virtual_node(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       int check_fs = 0;
+       int size;
+       char *buf;
+
+       size = get_virtual_node_size(tb->tb_sb, PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path));
+
+       /* we have to allocate more memory for virtual node */
+       if (size > tb->vn_buf_size) {
+               if (tb->vn_buf) {
+                       /* free memory allocated before */
+                       kfree(tb->vn_buf);
+                       /* this is not needed if kfree is atomic */
+                       check_fs = 1;
+               }
+
+               /* virtual node requires now more memory */
+               tb->vn_buf_size = size;
+
+               /* get memory for virtual item */
+               buf = kmalloc(size, GFP_ATOMIC | __GFP_NOWARN);
+               if (!buf) {
+                       /*
+                        * getting memory with GFP_KERNEL priority may involve
+                        * balancing now (due to indirect_to_direct conversion
+                        * on dcache shrinking). So, release path and collected
+                        * resources here
+                        */
+                       free_buffers_in_tb(tb);
+                       buf = kmalloc(size, GFP_NOFS);
+                       if (!buf) {
+                               tb->vn_buf_size = 0;
+                       }
+                       tb->vn_buf = buf;
+                       schedule();
+                       return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+               }
+
+               tb->vn_buf = buf;
+       }
+
+       if (check_fs && FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb))
+               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+       return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+static void tb_buffer_sanity_check(struct super_block *sb,
+                                  struct buffer_head *bh,
+                                  const char *descr, int level)
+{
+       if (bh) {
+               if (atomic_read(&(bh->b_count)) <= 0)
+
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "jmacd-1", "negative or zero "
+                                      "reference counter for buffer %s[%d] "
+                                      "(%b)", descr, level, bh);
+
+               if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "jmacd-2", "buffer is not up "
+                                      "to date %s[%d] (%b)",
+                                      descr, level, bh);
+
+               if (!B_IS_IN_TREE(bh))
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "jmacd-3", "buffer is not "
+                                      "in tree %s[%d] (%b)",
+                                      descr, level, bh);
+
+               if (bh->b_bdev != sb->s_bdev)
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "jmacd-4", "buffer has wrong "
+                                      "device %s[%d] (%b)",
+                                      descr, level, bh);
+
+               if (bh->b_size != sb->s_blocksize)
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "jmacd-5", "buffer has wrong "
+                                      "blocksize %s[%d] (%b)",
+                                      descr, level, bh);
+
+               if (bh->b_blocknr > SB_BLOCK_COUNT(sb))
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "jmacd-6", "buffer block "
+                                      "number too high %s[%d] (%b)",
+                                      descr, level, bh);
+       }
+}
+#else
+static void tb_buffer_sanity_check(struct super_block *sb,
+                                  struct buffer_head *bh,
+                                  const char *descr, int level)
+{;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int clear_all_dirty_bits(struct super_block *s, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       return reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 0);
+}
+
+static int wait_tb_buffers_until_unlocked(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *locked;
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       int repeat_counter = 0;
+#endif
+       int i;
+
+       do {
+
+               locked = NULL;
+
+               for (i = tb->tb_path->path_length;
+                    !locked && i > ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET; i--) {
+                       if (PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, i)) {
+                               /*
+                                * if I understand correctly, we can only
+                                * be sure the last buffer in the path is
+                                * in the tree --clm
+                                */
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                               if (PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path) ==
+                                   PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, i))
+                                       tb_buffer_sanity_check(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                              PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER
+                                                              (tb->tb_path,
+                                                               i), "S",
+                                                              tb->tb_path->
+                                                              path_length - i);
+#endif
+                               if (!clear_all_dirty_bits(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                         PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER
+                                                         (tb->tb_path,
+                                                          i))) {
+                                       locked =
+                                           PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path,
+                                                               i);
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               for (i = 0; !locked && i < MAX_HEIGHT && tb->insert_size[i];
+                    i++) {
+
+                       if (tb->lnum[i]) {
+
+                               if (tb->L[i]) {
+                                       tb_buffer_sanity_check(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                              tb->L[i],
+                                                              "L", i);
+                                       if (!clear_all_dirty_bits
+                                           (tb->tb_sb, tb->L[i]))
+                                               locked = tb->L[i];
+                               }
+
+                               if (!locked && tb->FL[i]) {
+                                       tb_buffer_sanity_check(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                              tb->FL[i],
+                                                              "FL", i);
+                                       if (!clear_all_dirty_bits
+                                           (tb->tb_sb, tb->FL[i]))
+                                               locked = tb->FL[i];
+                               }
+
+                               if (!locked && tb->CFL[i]) {
+                                       tb_buffer_sanity_check(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                              tb->CFL[i],
+                                                              "CFL", i);
+                                       if (!clear_all_dirty_bits
+                                           (tb->tb_sb, tb->CFL[i]))
+                                               locked = tb->CFL[i];
+                               }
+
+                       }
+
+                       if (!locked && (tb->rnum[i])) {
+
+                               if (tb->R[i]) {
+                                       tb_buffer_sanity_check(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                              tb->R[i],
+                                                              "R", i);
+                                       if (!clear_all_dirty_bits
+                                           (tb->tb_sb, tb->R[i]))
+                                               locked = tb->R[i];
+                               }
+
+                               if (!locked && tb->FR[i]) {
+                                       tb_buffer_sanity_check(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                              tb->FR[i],
+                                                              "FR", i);
+                                       if (!clear_all_dirty_bits
+                                           (tb->tb_sb, tb->FR[i]))
+                                               locked = tb->FR[i];
+                               }
+
+                               if (!locked && tb->CFR[i]) {
+                                       tb_buffer_sanity_check(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                              tb->CFR[i],
+                                                              "CFR", i);
+                                       if (!clear_all_dirty_bits
+                                           (tb->tb_sb, tb->CFR[i]))
+                                               locked = tb->CFR[i];
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * as far as I can tell, this is not required.  The FEB list
+                * seems to be full of newly allocated nodes, which will
+                * never be locked, dirty, or anything else.
+                * To be safe, I'm putting in the checks and waits in.
+                * For the moment, they are needed to keep the code in
+                * journal.c from complaining about the buffer.
+                * That code is inside CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK as well.  --clm
+                */
+               for (i = 0; !locked && i < MAX_FEB_SIZE; i++) {
+                       if (tb->FEB[i]) {
+                               if (!clear_all_dirty_bits
+                                   (tb->tb_sb, tb->FEB[i]))
+                                       locked = tb->FEB[i];
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (locked) {
+                       int depth;
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                       repeat_counter++;
+                       if ((repeat_counter % 10000) == 0) {
+                               reiserfs_warning(tb->tb_sb, "reiserfs-8200",
+                                                "too many iterations waiting "
+                                                "for buffer to unlock "
+                                                "(%b)", locked);
+
+                               /* Don't loop forever.  Try to recover from possible error. */
+
+                               return (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb)) ?
+                                   REPEAT_SEARCH : CARRY_ON;
+                       }
+#endif
+                       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(tb->tb_sb);
+                       __wait_on_buffer(locked);
+                       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(tb->tb_sb, depth);
+                       if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb))
+                               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+               }
+
+       } while (locked);
+
+       return CARRY_ON;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Prepare for balancing, that is
+ *     get all necessary parents, and neighbors;
+ *     analyze what and where should be moved;
+ *     get sufficient number of new nodes;
+ * Balancing will start only after all resources will be collected at a time.
+ *
+ * When ported to SMP kernels, only at the last moment after all needed nodes
+ * are collected in cache, will the resources be locked using the usual
+ * textbook ordered lock acquisition algorithms.  Note that ensuring that
+ * this code neither write locks what it does not need to write lock nor locks
+ * out of order will be a pain in the butt that could have been avoided.
+ * Grumble grumble. -Hans
+ *
+ * fix is meant in the sense of render unchanging
+ *
+ * Latency might be improved by first gathering a list of what buffers
+ * are needed and then getting as many of them in parallel as possible? -Hans
+ *
+ * Parameters:
+ *     op_mode i - insert, d - delete, c - cut (truncate), p - paste (append)
+ *     tb      tree_balance structure;
+ *     inum    item number in S[h];
+ *      pos_in_item - comment this if you can
+ *      ins_ih item head of item being inserted
+ *     data    inserted item or data to be pasted
+ * Returns:    1 - schedule occurred while the function worked;
+ *             0 - schedule didn't occur while the function worked;
+ *             -1 - if no_disk_space
+ */
+
+int fix_nodes(int op_mode, struct tree_balance *tb,
+             struct item_head *ins_ih, const void *data)
+{
+       int ret, h, item_num = PATH_LAST_POSITION(tb->tb_path);
+       int pos_in_item;
+
+       /*
+        * we set wait_tb_buffers_run when we have to restore any dirty
+        * bits cleared during wait_tb_buffers_run
+        */
+       int wait_tb_buffers_run = 0;
+       struct buffer_head *tbS0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+
+       ++REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_fix_nodes;
+
+       pos_in_item = tb->tb_path->pos_in_item;
+
+       tb->fs_gen = get_generation(tb->tb_sb);
+
+       /*
+        * we prepare and log the super here so it will already be in the
+        * transaction when do_balance needs to change it.
+        * This way do_balance won't have to schedule when trying to prepare
+        * the super for logging
+        */
+       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(tb->tb_sb,
+                                    SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(tb->tb_sb), 1);
+       journal_mark_dirty(tb->transaction_handle,
+                          SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(tb->tb_sb));
+       if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb))
+               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+       /* if it possible in indirect_to_direct conversion */
+       if (buffer_locked(tbS0)) {
+               int depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(tb->tb_sb);
+               __wait_on_buffer(tbS0);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(tb->tb_sb, depth);
+               if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb))
+                       return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+       }
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       if (REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->cur_tb) {
+               print_cur_tb("fix_nodes");
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-8305",
+                              "there is pending do_balance");
+       }
+
+       if (!buffer_uptodate(tbS0) || !B_IS_IN_TREE(tbS0))
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-8320", "S[0] (%b %z) is "
+                              "not uptodate at the beginning of fix_nodes "
+                              "or not in tree (mode %c)",
+                              tbS0, tbS0, op_mode);
+
+       /* Check parameters. */
+       switch (op_mode) {
+       case M_INSERT:
+               if (item_num <= 0 || item_num > B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0))
+                       reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-8330", "Incorrect "
+                                      "item number %d (in S0 - %d) in case "
+                                      "of insert", item_num,
+                                      B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0));
+               break;
+       case M_PASTE:
+       case M_DELETE:
+       case M_CUT:
+               if (item_num < 0 || item_num >= B_NR_ITEMS(tbS0)) {
+                       print_block(tbS0, 0, -1, -1);
+                       reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-8335", "Incorrect "
+                                      "item number(%d); mode = %c "
+                                      "insert_size = %d",
+                                      item_num, op_mode,
+                                      tb->insert_size[0]);
+               }
+               break;
+       default:
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "PAP-8340", "Incorrect mode "
+                              "of operation");
+       }
+#endif
+
+       if (get_mem_for_virtual_node(tb) == REPEAT_SEARCH)
+               /* FIXME: maybe -ENOMEM when tb->vn_buf == 0? Now just repeat */
+               return REPEAT_SEARCH;
+
+       /* Starting from the leaf level; for all levels h of the tree. */
+       for (h = 0; h < MAX_HEIGHT && tb->insert_size[h]; h++) {
+               ret = get_direct_parent(tb, h);
+               if (ret != CARRY_ON)
+                       goto repeat;
+
+               ret = check_balance(op_mode, tb, h, item_num,
+                                   pos_in_item, ins_ih, data);
+               if (ret != CARRY_ON) {
+                       if (ret == NO_BALANCING_NEEDED) {
+                               /* No balancing for higher levels needed. */
+                               ret = get_neighbors(tb, h);
+                               if (ret != CARRY_ON)
+                                       goto repeat;
+                               if (h != MAX_HEIGHT - 1)
+                                       tb->insert_size[h + 1] = 0;
+                               /*
+                                * ok, analysis and resource gathering
+                                * are complete
+                                */
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       goto repeat;
+               }
+
+               ret = get_neighbors(tb, h);
+               if (ret != CARRY_ON)
+                       goto repeat;
+
+               /*
+                * No disk space, or schedule occurred and analysis may be
+                * invalid and needs to be redone.
+                */
+               ret = get_empty_nodes(tb, h);
+               if (ret != CARRY_ON)
+                       goto repeat;
+
+               /*
+                * We have a positive insert size but no nodes exist on this
+                * level, this means that we are creating a new root.
+                */
+               if (!PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h)) {
+
+                       RFALSE(tb->blknum[h] != 1,
+                              "PAP-8350: creating new empty root");
+
+                       if (h < MAX_HEIGHT - 1)
+                               tb->insert_size[h + 1] = 0;
+               } else if (!PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h + 1)) {
+                       /*
+                        * The tree needs to be grown, so this node S[h]
+                        * which is the root node is split into two nodes,
+                        * and a new node (S[h+1]) will be created to
+                        * become the root node.
+                        */
+                       if (tb->blknum[h] > 1) {
+
+                               RFALSE(h == MAX_HEIGHT - 1,
+                                      "PAP-8355: attempt to create too high of a tree");
+
+                               tb->insert_size[h + 1] =
+                                   (DC_SIZE +
+                                    KEY_SIZE) * (tb->blknum[h] - 1) +
+                                   DC_SIZE;
+                       } else if (h < MAX_HEIGHT - 1)
+                               tb->insert_size[h + 1] = 0;
+               } else
+                       tb->insert_size[h + 1] =
+                           (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE) * (tb->blknum[h] - 1);
+       }
+
+       ret = wait_tb_buffers_until_unlocked(tb);
+       if (ret == CARRY_ON) {
+               if (FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb)) {
+                       wait_tb_buffers_run = 1;
+                       ret = REPEAT_SEARCH;
+                       goto repeat;
+               } else {
+                       return CARRY_ON;
+               }
+       } else {
+               wait_tb_buffers_run = 1;
+               goto repeat;
+       }
+
+repeat:
+       /*
+        * fix_nodes was unable to perform its calculation due to
+        * filesystem got changed under us, lack of free disk space or i/o
+        * failure. If the first is the case - the search will be
+        * repeated. For now - free all resources acquired so far except
+        * for the new allocated nodes
+        */
+       {
+               int i;
+
+               /* Release path buffers. */
+               if (wait_tb_buffers_run) {
+                       pathrelse_and_restore(tb->tb_sb, tb->tb_path);
+               } else {
+                       pathrelse(tb->tb_path);
+               }
+               /* brelse all resources collected for balancing */
+               for (i = 0; i < MAX_HEIGHT; i++) {
+                       if (wait_tb_buffers_run) {
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                                tb->L[i]);
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                                tb->R[i]);
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                                tb->FL[i]);
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                                tb->FR[i]);
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                                tb->
+                                                                CFL[i]);
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb,
+                                                                tb->
+                                                                CFR[i]);
+                       }
+
+                       brelse(tb->L[i]);
+                       brelse(tb->R[i]);
+                       brelse(tb->FL[i]);
+                       brelse(tb->FR[i]);
+                       brelse(tb->CFL[i]);
+                       brelse(tb->CFR[i]);
+
+                       tb->L[i] = NULL;
+                       tb->R[i] = NULL;
+                       tb->FL[i] = NULL;
+                       tb->FR[i] = NULL;
+                       tb->CFL[i] = NULL;
+                       tb->CFR[i] = NULL;
+               }
+
+               if (wait_tb_buffers_run) {
+                       for (i = 0; i < MAX_FEB_SIZE; i++) {
+                               if (tb->FEB[i])
+                                       reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer
+                                           (tb->tb_sb, tb->FEB[i]);
+                       }
+               }
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+}
+
+void unfix_nodes(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       /* Release path buffers. */
+       pathrelse_and_restore(tb->tb_sb, tb->tb_path);
+
+       /* brelse all resources collected for balancing */
+       for (i = 0; i < MAX_HEIGHT; i++) {
+               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb, tb->L[i]);
+               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb, tb->R[i]);
+               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb, tb->FL[i]);
+               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb, tb->FR[i]);
+               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb, tb->CFL[i]);
+               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(tb->tb_sb, tb->CFR[i]);
+
+               brelse(tb->L[i]);
+               brelse(tb->R[i]);
+               brelse(tb->FL[i]);
+               brelse(tb->FR[i]);
+               brelse(tb->CFL[i]);
+               brelse(tb->CFR[i]);
+       }
+
+       /* deal with list of allocated (used and unused) nodes */
+       for (i = 0; i < MAX_FEB_SIZE; i++) {
+               if (tb->FEB[i]) {
+                       b_blocknr_t blocknr = tb->FEB[i]->b_blocknr;
+                       /*
+                        * de-allocated block which was not used by
+                        * balancing and bforget about buffer for it
+                        */
+                       brelse(tb->FEB[i]);
+                       reiserfs_free_block(tb->transaction_handle, NULL,
+                                           blocknr, 0);
+               }
+               if (tb->used[i]) {
+                       /* release used as new nodes including a new root */
+                       brelse(tb->used[i]);
+               }
+       }
+
+       kfree(tb->vn_buf);
+
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/hashes.c b/fs/reiserfs/hashes.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7a26c4fe6c46
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/hashes.c
@@ -0,0 +1,177 @@
+
+/*
+ * Keyed 32-bit hash function using TEA in a Davis-Meyer function
+ *   H0 = Key
+ *   Hi = E Mi(Hi-1) + Hi-1
+ *
+ * (see Applied Cryptography, 2nd edition, p448).
+ *
+ * Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@zip.com.au> 1998
+ *
+ * Jeremy has agreed to the contents of reiserfs/README. -Hans
+ * Yura's function is added (04/07/2000)
+ */
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <asm/types.h>
+
+#define DELTA 0x9E3779B9
+#define FULLROUNDS 10          /* 32 is overkill, 16 is strong crypto */
+#define PARTROUNDS 6           /* 6 gets complete mixing */
+
+/* a, b, c, d - data; h0, h1 - accumulated hash */
+#define TEACORE(rounds)                                                        \
+       do {                                                            \
+               u32 sum = 0;                                            \
+               int n = rounds;                                         \
+               u32 b0, b1;                                             \
+                                                                       \
+               b0 = h0;                                                \
+               b1 = h1;                                                \
+                                                                       \
+               do                                                      \
+               {                                                       \
+                       sum += DELTA;                                   \
+                       b0 += ((b1 << 4)+a) ^ (b1+sum) ^ ((b1 >> 5)+b); \
+                       b1 += ((b0 << 4)+c) ^ (b0+sum) ^ ((b0 >> 5)+d); \
+               } while(--n);                                           \
+                                                                       \
+               h0 += b0;                                               \
+               h1 += b1;                                               \
+       } while(0)
+
+u32 keyed_hash(const signed char *msg, int len)
+{
+       u32 k[] = { 0x9464a485, 0x542e1a94, 0x3e846bff, 0xb75bcfc3 };
+
+       u32 h0 = k[0], h1 = k[1];
+       u32 a, b, c, d;
+       u32 pad;
+       int i;
+
+       /*      assert(len >= 0 && len < 256); */
+
+       pad = (u32) len | ((u32) len << 8);
+       pad |= pad << 16;
+
+       while (len >= 16) {
+               a = (u32) msg[0] |
+                   (u32) msg[1] << 8 | (u32) msg[2] << 16 | (u32) msg[3] << 24;
+               b = (u32) msg[4] |
+                   (u32) msg[5] << 8 | (u32) msg[6] << 16 | (u32) msg[7] << 24;
+               c = (u32) msg[8] |
+                   (u32) msg[9] << 8 |
+                   (u32) msg[10] << 16 | (u32) msg[11] << 24;
+               d = (u32) msg[12] |
+                   (u32) msg[13] << 8 |
+                   (u32) msg[14] << 16 | (u32) msg[15] << 24;
+
+               TEACORE(PARTROUNDS);
+
+               len -= 16;
+               msg += 16;
+       }
+
+       if (len >= 12) {
+               a = (u32) msg[0] |
+                   (u32) msg[1] << 8 | (u32) msg[2] << 16 | (u32) msg[3] << 24;
+               b = (u32) msg[4] |
+                   (u32) msg[5] << 8 | (u32) msg[6] << 16 | (u32) msg[7] << 24;
+               c = (u32) msg[8] |
+                   (u32) msg[9] << 8 |
+                   (u32) msg[10] << 16 | (u32) msg[11] << 24;
+
+               d = pad;
+               for (i = 12; i < len; i++) {
+                       d <<= 8;
+                       d |= msg[i];
+               }
+       } else if (len >= 8) {
+               a = (u32) msg[0] |
+                   (u32) msg[1] << 8 | (u32) msg[2] << 16 | (u32) msg[3] << 24;
+               b = (u32) msg[4] |
+                   (u32) msg[5] << 8 | (u32) msg[6] << 16 | (u32) msg[7] << 24;
+
+               c = d = pad;
+               for (i = 8; i < len; i++) {
+                       c <<= 8;
+                       c |= msg[i];
+               }
+       } else if (len >= 4) {
+               a = (u32) msg[0] |
+                   (u32) msg[1] << 8 | (u32) msg[2] << 16 | (u32) msg[3] << 24;
+
+               b = c = d = pad;
+               for (i = 4; i < len; i++) {
+                       b <<= 8;
+                       b |= msg[i];
+               }
+       } else {
+               a = b = c = d = pad;
+               for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+                       a <<= 8;
+                       a |= msg[i];
+               }
+       }
+
+       TEACORE(FULLROUNDS);
+
+/*     return 0;*/
+       return h0 ^ h1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * What follows in this file is copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, and the
+ * licensing of what follows is governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+u32 yura_hash(const signed char *msg, int len)
+{
+       int j, pow;
+       u32 a, c;
+       int i;
+
+       for (pow = 1, i = 1; i < len; i++)
+               pow = pow * 10;
+
+       if (len == 1)
+               a = msg[0] - 48;
+       else
+               a = (msg[0] - 48) * pow;
+
+       for (i = 1; i < len; i++) {
+               c = msg[i] - 48;
+               for (pow = 1, j = i; j < len - 1; j++)
+                       pow = pow * 10;
+               a = a + c * pow;
+       }
+
+       for (; i < 40; i++) {
+               c = '0' - 48;
+               for (pow = 1, j = i; j < len - 1; j++)
+                       pow = pow * 10;
+               a = a + c * pow;
+       }
+
+       for (; i < 256; i++) {
+               c = i;
+               for (pow = 1, j = i; j < len - 1; j++)
+                       pow = pow * 10;
+               a = a + c * pow;
+       }
+
+       a = a << 7;
+       return a;
+}
+
+u32 r5_hash(const signed char *msg, int len)
+{
+       u32 a = 0;
+       while (*msg) {
+               a += *msg << 4;
+               a += *msg >> 4;
+               a *= 11;
+               msg++;
+       }
+       return a;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c b/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5db6f45b3fed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/ibalance.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1161 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+/* this is one and only function that is used outside (do_balance.c) */
+int balance_internal(struct tree_balance *,
+                    int, int, struct item_head *, struct buffer_head **);
+
+/*
+ * modes of internal_shift_left, internal_shift_right and
+ * internal_insert_childs
+ */
+#define INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L 0
+#define INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_R_TO_S 1
+#define INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_L_TO_S 2
+#define INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R 3
+#define INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_S 4
+#define INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_L 5
+#define INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_R 6
+
+static void internal_define_dest_src_infos(int shift_mode,
+                                          struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                          int h,
+                                          struct buffer_info *dest_bi,
+                                          struct buffer_info *src_bi,
+                                          int *d_key, struct buffer_head **cf)
+{
+       memset(dest_bi, 0, sizeof(struct buffer_info));
+       memset(src_bi, 0, sizeof(struct buffer_info));
+       /* define dest, src, dest parent, dest position */
+       switch (shift_mode) {
+
+       /* used in internal_shift_left */
+       case INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L:
+               src_bi->tb = tb;
+               src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+               src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+               src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+               dest_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+               *d_key = tb->lkey[h];
+               *cf = tb->CFL[h];
+               break;
+       case INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_L_TO_S:
+               src_bi->tb = tb;
+               src_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+               src_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+               src_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+               /* dest position is analog of dest->b_item_order */
+               dest_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+               *d_key = tb->lkey[h];
+               *cf = tb->CFL[h];
+               break;
+
+       /* used in internal_shift_left */
+       case INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_R_TO_S:
+               src_bi->tb = tb;
+               src_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+               src_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+               src_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+               dest_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+               *d_key = tb->rkey[h];
+               *cf = tb->CFR[h];
+               break;
+
+       case INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R:
+               src_bi->tb = tb;
+               src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+               src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+               src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+               dest_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+               *d_key = tb->rkey[h];
+               *cf = tb->CFR[h];
+               break;
+
+       case INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_L:
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+               dest_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+               break;
+
+       case INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_S:
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+               dest_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+               break;
+
+       case INTERNAL_INSERT_TO_R:
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+               dest_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+               break;
+
+       default:
+               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "ibalance-1",
+                              "shift type is unknown (%d)",
+                              shift_mode);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Insert count node pointers into buffer cur before position to + 1.
+ * Insert count items into buffer cur before position to.
+ * Items and node pointers are specified by inserted and bh respectively.
+ */
+static void internal_insert_childs(struct buffer_info *cur_bi,
+                                  int to, int count,
+                                  struct item_head *inserted,
+                                  struct buffer_head **bh)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *cur = cur_bi->bi_bh;
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       int nr;
+       struct reiserfs_key *ih;
+       struct disk_child new_dc[2];
+       struct disk_child *dc;
+       int i;
+
+       if (count <= 0)
+               return;
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(cur);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+       RFALSE(count > 2, "too many children (%d) are to be inserted", count);
+       RFALSE(B_FREE_SPACE(cur) < count * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE),
+              "no enough free space (%d), needed %d bytes",
+              B_FREE_SPACE(cur), count * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE));
+
+       /* prepare space for count disk_child */
+       dc = B_N_CHILD(cur, to + 1);
+
+       memmove(dc + count, dc, (nr + 1 - (to + 1)) * DC_SIZE);
+
+       /* copy to_be_insert disk children */
+       for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+               put_dc_size(&new_dc[i],
+                           MAX_CHILD_SIZE(bh[i]) - B_FREE_SPACE(bh[i]));
+               put_dc_block_number(&new_dc[i], bh[i]->b_blocknr);
+       }
+       memcpy(dc, new_dc, DC_SIZE * count);
+
+       /* prepare space for count items  */
+       ih = internal_key(cur, ((to == -1) ? 0 : to));
+
+       memmove(ih + count, ih,
+               (nr - to) * KEY_SIZE + (nr + 1 + count) * DC_SIZE);
+
+       /* copy item headers (keys) */
+       memcpy(ih, inserted, KEY_SIZE);
+       if (count > 1)
+               memcpy(ih + 1, inserted + 1, KEY_SIZE);
+
+       /* sizes, item number */
+       set_blkh_nr_item(blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) + count);
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh,
+                           blkh_free_space(blkh) - count * (DC_SIZE +
+                                                            KEY_SIZE));
+
+       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(cur_bi->tb, cur, 0);
+
+       /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+       check_internal(cur);
+       /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+
+       if (cur_bi->bi_parent) {
+               struct disk_child *t_dc =
+                   B_N_CHILD(cur_bi->bi_parent, cur_bi->bi_position);
+               put_dc_size(t_dc,
+                           dc_size(t_dc) + (count * (DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE)));
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(cur_bi->tb, cur_bi->bi_parent,
+                                              0);
+
+               /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+               check_internal(cur_bi->bi_parent);
+               /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+       }
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Delete del_num items and node pointers from buffer cur starting from
+ * the first_i'th item and first_p'th pointers respectively.
+ */
+static void internal_delete_pointers_items(struct buffer_info *cur_bi,
+                                          int first_p,
+                                          int first_i, int del_num)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *cur = cur_bi->bi_bh;
+       int nr;
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct reiserfs_key *key;
+       struct disk_child *dc;
+
+       RFALSE(cur == NULL, "buffer is 0");
+       RFALSE(del_num < 0,
+              "negative number of items (%d) can not be deleted", del_num);
+       RFALSE(first_p < 0 || first_p + del_num > B_NR_ITEMS(cur) + 1
+              || first_i < 0,
+              "first pointer order (%d) < 0 or "
+              "no so many pointers (%d), only (%d) or "
+              "first key order %d < 0", first_p, first_p + del_num,
+              B_NR_ITEMS(cur) + 1, first_i);
+       if (del_num == 0)
+               return;
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(cur);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+       if (first_p == 0 && del_num == nr + 1) {
+               RFALSE(first_i != 0,
+                      "1st deleted key must have order 0, not %d", first_i);
+               make_empty_node(cur_bi);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(first_i + del_num > B_NR_ITEMS(cur),
+              "first_i = %d del_num = %d "
+              "no so many keys (%d) in the node (%b)(%z)",
+              first_i, del_num, first_i + del_num, cur, cur);
+
+       /* deleting */
+       dc = B_N_CHILD(cur, first_p);
+
+       memmove(dc, dc + del_num, (nr + 1 - first_p - del_num) * DC_SIZE);
+       key = internal_key(cur, first_i);
+       memmove(key, key + del_num,
+               (nr - first_i - del_num) * KEY_SIZE + (nr + 1 -
+                                                      del_num) * DC_SIZE);
+
+       /* sizes, item number */
+       set_blkh_nr_item(blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) - del_num);
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh,
+                           blkh_free_space(blkh) +
+                           (del_num * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE)));
+
+       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(cur_bi->tb, cur, 0);
+       /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+       check_internal(cur);
+       /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+
+       if (cur_bi->bi_parent) {
+               struct disk_child *t_dc;
+               t_dc = B_N_CHILD(cur_bi->bi_parent, cur_bi->bi_position);
+               put_dc_size(t_dc,
+                           dc_size(t_dc) - (del_num * (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE)));
+
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(cur_bi->tb, cur_bi->bi_parent,
+                                              0);
+               /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+               check_internal(cur_bi->bi_parent);
+               /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+       }
+}
+
+/* delete n node pointers and items starting from given position */
+static void internal_delete_childs(struct buffer_info *cur_bi, int from, int n)
+{
+       int i_from;
+
+       i_from = (from == 0) ? from : from - 1;
+
+       /*
+        * delete n pointers starting from `from' position in CUR;
+        * delete n keys starting from 'i_from' position in CUR;
+        */
+       internal_delete_pointers_items(cur_bi, from, i_from, n);
+}
+
+/*
+ * copy cpy_num node pointers and cpy_num - 1 items from buffer src to buffer
+ * dest
+ * last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST means that we copy first items
+ *                             from src to tail of dest
+ * last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST means that we copy last items
+ *                             from src to head of dest
+ */
+static void internal_copy_pointers_items(struct buffer_info *dest_bi,
+                                        struct buffer_head *src,
+                                        int last_first, int cpy_num)
+{
+       /*
+        * ATTENTION! Number of node pointers in DEST is equal to number
+        * of items in DEST  as delimiting key have already inserted to
+        * buffer dest.
+        */
+       struct buffer_head *dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+       int nr_dest, nr_src;
+       int dest_order, src_order;
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct reiserfs_key *key;
+       struct disk_child *dc;
+
+       nr_src = B_NR_ITEMS(src);
+
+       RFALSE(dest == NULL || src == NULL,
+              "src (%p) or dest (%p) buffer is 0", src, dest);
+       RFALSE(last_first != FIRST_TO_LAST && last_first != LAST_TO_FIRST,
+              "invalid last_first parameter (%d)", last_first);
+       RFALSE(nr_src < cpy_num - 1,
+              "no so many items (%d) in src (%d)", cpy_num, nr_src);
+       RFALSE(cpy_num < 0, "cpy_num less than 0 (%d)", cpy_num);
+       RFALSE(cpy_num - 1 + B_NR_ITEMS(dest) > (int)MAX_NR_KEY(dest),
+              "cpy_num (%d) + item number in dest (%d) can not be > MAX_NR_KEY(%d)",
+              cpy_num, B_NR_ITEMS(dest), MAX_NR_KEY(dest));
+
+       if (cpy_num == 0)
+               return;
+
+       /* coping */
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(dest);
+       nr_dest = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+       /*dest_order = (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ? 0 : nr_dest; */
+       /*src_order = (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ? (nr_src - cpy_num + 1) : 0; */
+       (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ? (dest_order = 0, src_order =
+                                        nr_src - cpy_num + 1) : (dest_order =
+                                                                 nr_dest,
+                                                                 src_order =
+                                                                 0);
+
+       /* prepare space for cpy_num pointers */
+       dc = B_N_CHILD(dest, dest_order);
+
+       memmove(dc + cpy_num, dc, (nr_dest - dest_order) * DC_SIZE);
+
+       /* insert pointers */
+       memcpy(dc, B_N_CHILD(src, src_order), DC_SIZE * cpy_num);
+
+       /* prepare space for cpy_num - 1 item headers */
+       key = internal_key(dest, dest_order);
+       memmove(key + cpy_num - 1, key,
+               KEY_SIZE * (nr_dest - dest_order) + DC_SIZE * (nr_dest +
+                                                              cpy_num));
+
+       /* insert headers */
+       memcpy(key, internal_key(src, src_order), KEY_SIZE * (cpy_num - 1));
+
+       /* sizes, item number */
+       set_blkh_nr_item(blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) + (cpy_num - 1));
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh,
+                           blkh_free_space(blkh) - (KEY_SIZE * (cpy_num - 1) +
+                                                    DC_SIZE * cpy_num));
+
+       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(dest_bi->tb, dest, 0);
+
+       /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+       check_internal(dest);
+       /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+
+       if (dest_bi->bi_parent) {
+               struct disk_child *t_dc;
+               t_dc = B_N_CHILD(dest_bi->bi_parent, dest_bi->bi_position);
+               put_dc_size(t_dc,
+                           dc_size(t_dc) + (KEY_SIZE * (cpy_num - 1) +
+                                            DC_SIZE * cpy_num));
+
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(dest_bi->tb, dest_bi->bi_parent,
+                                              0);
+               /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+               check_internal(dest_bi->bi_parent);
+               /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+       }
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Copy cpy_num node pointers and cpy_num - 1 items from buffer src to
+ * buffer dest.
+ * Delete cpy_num - del_par items and node pointers from buffer src.
+ * last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST means, that we copy/delete first items from src.
+ * last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST means, that we copy/delete last items from src.
+ */
+static void internal_move_pointers_items(struct buffer_info *dest_bi,
+                                        struct buffer_info *src_bi,
+                                        int last_first, int cpy_num,
+                                        int del_par)
+{
+       int first_pointer;
+       int first_item;
+
+       internal_copy_pointers_items(dest_bi, src_bi->bi_bh, last_first,
+                                    cpy_num);
+
+       if (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) {      /* shift_left occurs */
+               first_pointer = 0;
+               first_item = 0;
+               /*
+                * delete cpy_num - del_par pointers and keys starting for
+                * pointers with first_pointer, for key - with first_item
+                */
+               internal_delete_pointers_items(src_bi, first_pointer,
+                                              first_item, cpy_num - del_par);
+       } else {                /* shift_right occurs */
+               int i, j;
+
+               i = (cpy_num - del_par ==
+                    (j =
+                     B_NR_ITEMS(src_bi->bi_bh)) + 1) ? 0 : j - cpy_num +
+                   del_par;
+
+               internal_delete_pointers_items(src_bi,
+                                              j + 1 - cpy_num + del_par, i,
+                                              cpy_num - del_par);
+       }
+}
+
+/* Insert n_src'th key of buffer src before n_dest'th key of buffer dest. */
+static void internal_insert_key(struct buffer_info *dest_bi,
+                               /* insert key before key with n_dest number */
+                               int dest_position_before,
+                               struct buffer_head *src, int src_position)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+       int nr;
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct reiserfs_key *key;
+
+       RFALSE(dest == NULL || src == NULL,
+              "source(%p) or dest(%p) buffer is 0", src, dest);
+       RFALSE(dest_position_before < 0 || src_position < 0,
+              "source(%d) or dest(%d) key number less than 0",
+              src_position, dest_position_before);
+       RFALSE(dest_position_before > B_NR_ITEMS(dest) ||
+              src_position >= B_NR_ITEMS(src),
+              "invalid position in dest (%d (key number %d)) or in src (%d (key number %d))",
+              dest_position_before, B_NR_ITEMS(dest),
+              src_position, B_NR_ITEMS(src));
+       RFALSE(B_FREE_SPACE(dest) < KEY_SIZE,
+              "no enough free space (%d) in dest buffer", B_FREE_SPACE(dest));
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(dest);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+       /* prepare space for inserting key */
+       key = internal_key(dest, dest_position_before);
+       memmove(key + 1, key,
+               (nr - dest_position_before) * KEY_SIZE + (nr + 1) * DC_SIZE);
+
+       /* insert key */
+       memcpy(key, internal_key(src, src_position), KEY_SIZE);
+
+       /* Change dirt, free space, item number fields. */
+
+       set_blkh_nr_item(blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) + 1);
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh, blkh_free_space(blkh) - KEY_SIZE);
+
+       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(dest_bi->tb, dest, 0);
+
+       if (dest_bi->bi_parent) {
+               struct disk_child *t_dc;
+               t_dc = B_N_CHILD(dest_bi->bi_parent, dest_bi->bi_position);
+               put_dc_size(t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) + KEY_SIZE);
+
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(dest_bi->tb, dest_bi->bi_parent,
+                                              0);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Insert d_key'th (delimiting) key from buffer cfl to tail of dest.
+ * Copy pointer_amount node pointers and pointer_amount - 1 items from
+ * buffer src to buffer dest.
+ * Replace  d_key'th key in buffer cfl.
+ * Delete pointer_amount items and node pointers from buffer src.
+ */
+/* this can be invoked both to shift from S to L and from R to S */
+static void internal_shift_left(
+                               /*
+                                * INTERNAL_FROM_S_TO_L | INTERNAL_FROM_R_TO_S
+                                */
+                               int mode,
+                               struct tree_balance *tb,
+                               int h, int pointer_amount)
+{
+       struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+       struct buffer_head *cf;
+       int d_key_position;
+
+       internal_define_dest_src_infos(mode, tb, h, &dest_bi, &src_bi,
+                                      &d_key_position, &cf);
+
+       /*printk("pointer_amount = %d\n",pointer_amount); */
+
+       if (pointer_amount) {
+               /*
+                * insert delimiting key from common father of dest and
+                * src to node dest into position B_NR_ITEM(dest)
+                */
+               internal_insert_key(&dest_bi, B_NR_ITEMS(dest_bi.bi_bh), cf,
+                                   d_key_position);
+
+               if (B_NR_ITEMS(src_bi.bi_bh) == pointer_amount - 1) {
+                       if (src_bi.bi_position /*src->b_item_order */  == 0)
+                               replace_key(tb, cf, d_key_position,
+                                           src_bi.
+                                           bi_parent /*src->b_parent */ , 0);
+               } else
+                       replace_key(tb, cf, d_key_position, src_bi.bi_bh,
+                                   pointer_amount - 1);
+       }
+       /* last parameter is del_parameter */
+       internal_move_pointers_items(&dest_bi, &src_bi, FIRST_TO_LAST,
+                                    pointer_amount, 0);
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * Insert delimiting key to L[h].
+ * Copy n node pointers and n - 1 items from buffer S[h] to L[h].
+ * Delete n - 1 items and node pointers from buffer S[h].
+ */
+/* it always shifts from S[h] to L[h] */
+static void internal_shift1_left(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                int h, int pointer_amount)
+{
+       struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+       struct buffer_head *cf;
+       int d_key_position;
+
+       internal_define_dest_src_infos(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h,
+                                      &dest_bi, &src_bi, &d_key_position, &cf);
+
+       /* insert lkey[h]-th key  from CFL[h] to left neighbor L[h] */
+       if (pointer_amount > 0)
+               internal_insert_key(&dest_bi, B_NR_ITEMS(dest_bi.bi_bh), cf,
+                                   d_key_position);
+
+       /* last parameter is del_parameter */
+       internal_move_pointers_items(&dest_bi, &src_bi, FIRST_TO_LAST,
+                                    pointer_amount, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Insert d_key'th (delimiting) key from buffer cfr to head of dest.
+ * Copy n node pointers and n - 1 items from buffer src to buffer dest.
+ * Replace  d_key'th key in buffer cfr.
+ * Delete n items and node pointers from buffer src.
+ */
+static void internal_shift_right(
+                                /*
+                                 * INTERNAL_FROM_S_TO_R | INTERNAL_FROM_L_TO_S
+                                 */
+                                int mode,
+                                struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                int h, int pointer_amount)
+{
+       struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+       struct buffer_head *cf;
+       int d_key_position;
+       int nr;
+
+       internal_define_dest_src_infos(mode, tb, h, &dest_bi, &src_bi,
+                                      &d_key_position, &cf);
+
+       nr = B_NR_ITEMS(src_bi.bi_bh);
+
+       if (pointer_amount > 0) {
+               /*
+                * insert delimiting key from common father of dest
+                * and src to dest node into position 0
+                */
+               internal_insert_key(&dest_bi, 0, cf, d_key_position);
+               if (nr == pointer_amount - 1) {
+                       RFALSE(src_bi.bi_bh != PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h) /*tb->S[h] */ ||
+                              dest_bi.bi_bh != tb->R[h],
+                              "src (%p) must be == tb->S[h](%p) when it disappears",
+                              src_bi.bi_bh, PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h));
+                       /* when S[h] disappers replace left delemiting key as well */
+                       if (tb->CFL[h])
+                               replace_key(tb, cf, d_key_position, tb->CFL[h],
+                                           tb->lkey[h]);
+               } else
+                       replace_key(tb, cf, d_key_position, src_bi.bi_bh,
+                                   nr - pointer_amount);
+       }
+
+       /* last parameter is del_parameter */
+       internal_move_pointers_items(&dest_bi, &src_bi, LAST_TO_FIRST,
+                                    pointer_amount, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Insert delimiting key to R[h].
+ * Copy n node pointers and n - 1 items from buffer S[h] to R[h].
+ * Delete n - 1 items and node pointers from buffer S[h].
+ */
+/* it always shift from S[h] to R[h] */
+static void internal_shift1_right(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                 int h, int pointer_amount)
+{
+       struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+       struct buffer_head *cf;
+       int d_key_position;
+
+       internal_define_dest_src_infos(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h,
+                                      &dest_bi, &src_bi, &d_key_position, &cf);
+
+       /* insert rkey from CFR[h] to right neighbor R[h] */
+       if (pointer_amount > 0)
+               internal_insert_key(&dest_bi, 0, cf, d_key_position);
+
+       /* last parameter is del_parameter */
+       internal_move_pointers_items(&dest_bi, &src_bi, LAST_TO_FIRST,
+                                    pointer_amount, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Delete insert_num node pointers together with their left items
+ * and balance current node.
+ */
+static void balance_internal_when_delete(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                        int h, int child_pos)
+{
+       int insert_num;
+       int n;
+       struct buffer_head *tbSh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       insert_num = tb->insert_size[h] / ((int)(DC_SIZE + KEY_SIZE));
+
+       /* delete child-node-pointer(s) together with their left item(s) */
+       bi.tb = tb;
+       bi.bi_bh = tbSh;
+       bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+       bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+
+       internal_delete_childs(&bi, child_pos, -insert_num);
+
+       RFALSE(tb->blknum[h] > 1,
+              "tb->blknum[%d]=%d when insert_size < 0", h, tb->blknum[h]);
+
+       n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbSh);
+
+       if (tb->lnum[h] == 0 && tb->rnum[h] == 0) {
+               if (tb->blknum[h] == 0) {
+                       /* node S[h] (root of the tree) is empty now */
+                       struct buffer_head *new_root;
+
+                       RFALSE(n
+                              || B_FREE_SPACE(tbSh) !=
+                              MAX_CHILD_SIZE(tbSh) - DC_SIZE,
+                              "buffer must have only 0 keys (%d)", n);
+                       RFALSE(bi.bi_parent, "root has parent (%p)",
+                              bi.bi_parent);
+
+                       /* choose a new root */
+                       if (!tb->L[h - 1] || !B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[h - 1]))
+                               new_root = tb->R[h - 1];
+                       else
+                               new_root = tb->L[h - 1];
+                       /*
+                        * switch super block's tree root block
+                        * number to the new value */
+                       PUT_SB_ROOT_BLOCK(tb->tb_sb, new_root->b_blocknr);
+                       /*REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_rs->s_tree_height --; */
+                       PUT_SB_TREE_HEIGHT(tb->tb_sb,
+                                          SB_TREE_HEIGHT(tb->tb_sb) - 1);
+
+                       do_balance_mark_sb_dirty(tb,
+                                                REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_sbh,
+                                                1);
+                       /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+                       /* use check_internal if new root is an internal node */
+                       if (h > 1)
+                               check_internal(new_root);
+                       /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+
+                       /* do what is needed for buffer thrown from tree */
+                       reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbSh);
+                       return;
+               }
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* join S[h] with L[h] */
+       if (tb->L[h] && tb->lnum[h] == -B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[h]) - 1) {
+
+               RFALSE(tb->rnum[h] != 0,
+                      "invalid tb->rnum[%d]==%d when joining S[h] with L[h]",
+                      h, tb->rnum[h]);
+
+               internal_shift_left(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h, n + 1);
+               reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbSh);
+
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* join S[h] with R[h] */
+       if (tb->R[h] && tb->rnum[h] == -B_NR_ITEMS(tb->R[h]) - 1) {
+               RFALSE(tb->lnum[h] != 0,
+                      "invalid tb->lnum[%d]==%d when joining S[h] with R[h]",
+                      h, tb->lnum[h]);
+
+               internal_shift_right(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h, n + 1);
+
+               reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbSh);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* borrow from left neighbor L[h] */
+       if (tb->lnum[h] < 0) {
+               RFALSE(tb->rnum[h] != 0,
+                      "wrong tb->rnum[%d]==%d when borrow from L[h]", h,
+                      tb->rnum[h]);
+               internal_shift_right(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_L_TO_S, tb, h,
+                                    -tb->lnum[h]);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* borrow from right neighbor R[h] */
+       if (tb->rnum[h] < 0) {
+               RFALSE(tb->lnum[h] != 0,
+                      "invalid tb->lnum[%d]==%d when borrow from R[h]",
+                      h, tb->lnum[h]);
+               internal_shift_left(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_R_TO_S, tb, h, -tb->rnum[h]);   /*tb->S[h], tb->CFR[h], tb->rkey[h], tb->R[h], -tb->rnum[h]); */
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* split S[h] into two parts and put them into neighbors */
+       if (tb->lnum[h] > 0) {
+               RFALSE(tb->rnum[h] == 0 || tb->lnum[h] + tb->rnum[h] != n + 1,
+                      "invalid tb->lnum[%d]==%d or tb->rnum[%d]==%d when S[h](item number == %d) is split between them",
+                      h, tb->lnum[h], h, tb->rnum[h], n);
+
+               internal_shift_left(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h, tb->lnum[h]);    /*tb->L[h], tb->CFL[h], tb->lkey[h], tb->S[h], tb->lnum[h]); */
+               internal_shift_right(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h,
+                                    tb->rnum[h]);
+
+               reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbSh);
+
+               return;
+       }
+       reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "ibalance-2",
+                      "unexpected tb->lnum[%d]==%d or tb->rnum[%d]==%d",
+                      h, tb->lnum[h], h, tb->rnum[h]);
+}
+
+/* Replace delimiting key of buffers L[h] and S[h] by the given key.*/
+static void replace_lkey(struct tree_balance *tb, int h, struct item_head *key)
+{
+       RFALSE(tb->L[h] == NULL || tb->CFL[h] == NULL,
+              "L[h](%p) and CFL[h](%p) must exist in replace_lkey",
+              tb->L[h], tb->CFL[h]);
+
+       if (B_NR_ITEMS(PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h)) == 0)
+               return;
+
+       memcpy(internal_key(tb->CFL[h], tb->lkey[h]), key, KEY_SIZE);
+
+       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(tb, tb->CFL[h], 0);
+}
+
+/* Replace delimiting key of buffers S[h] and R[h] by the given key.*/
+static void replace_rkey(struct tree_balance *tb, int h, struct item_head *key)
+{
+       RFALSE(tb->R[h] == NULL || tb->CFR[h] == NULL,
+              "R[h](%p) and CFR[h](%p) must exist in replace_rkey",
+              tb->R[h], tb->CFR[h]);
+       RFALSE(B_NR_ITEMS(tb->R[h]) == 0,
+              "R[h] can not be empty if it exists (item number=%d)",
+              B_NR_ITEMS(tb->R[h]));
+
+       memcpy(internal_key(tb->CFR[h], tb->rkey[h]), key, KEY_SIZE);
+
+       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(tb, tb->CFR[h], 0);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * if inserting/pasting {
+ *   child_pos is the position of the node-pointer in S[h] that
+ *   pointed to S[h-1] before balancing of the h-1 level;
+ *   this means that new pointers and items must be inserted AFTER
+ *   child_pos
+ * } else {
+ *   it is the position of the leftmost pointer that must be deleted
+ *   (together with its corresponding key to the left of the pointer)
+ *   as a result of the previous level's balancing.
+ * }
+ */
+
+int balance_internal(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                    int h,     /* level of the tree */
+                    int child_pos,
+                    /* key for insertion on higher level    */
+                    struct item_head *insert_key,
+                    /* node for insertion on higher level */
+                    struct buffer_head **insert_ptr)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *tbSh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+       struct buffer_info bi;
+
+       /*
+        * we return this: it is 0 if there is no S[h],
+        * else it is tb->S[h]->b_item_order
+        */
+       int order;
+       int insert_num, n, k;
+       struct buffer_head *S_new;
+       struct item_head new_insert_key;
+       struct buffer_head *new_insert_ptr = NULL;
+       struct item_head *new_insert_key_addr = insert_key;
+
+       RFALSE(h < 1, "h (%d) can not be < 1 on internal level", h);
+
+       PROC_INFO_INC(tb->tb_sb, balance_at[h]);
+
+       order =
+           (tbSh) ? PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path,
+                                    h + 1) /*tb->S[h]->b_item_order */ : 0;
+
+       /*
+        * Using insert_size[h] calculate the number insert_num of items
+        * that must be inserted to or deleted from S[h].
+        */
+       insert_num = tb->insert_size[h] / ((int)(KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE));
+
+       /* Check whether insert_num is proper * */
+       RFALSE(insert_num < -2 || insert_num > 2,
+              "incorrect number of items inserted to the internal node (%d)",
+              insert_num);
+       RFALSE(h > 1 && (insert_num > 1 || insert_num < -1),
+              "incorrect number of items (%d) inserted to the internal node on a level (h=%d) higher than last internal level",
+              insert_num, h);
+
+       /* Make balance in case insert_num < 0 */
+       if (insert_num < 0) {
+               balance_internal_when_delete(tb, h, child_pos);
+               return order;
+       }
+
+       k = 0;
+       if (tb->lnum[h] > 0) {
+               /*
+                * shift lnum[h] items from S[h] to the left neighbor L[h].
+                * check how many of new items fall into L[h] or CFL[h] after
+                * shifting
+                */
+               n = B_NR_ITEMS(tb->L[h]);       /* number of items in L[h] */
+               if (tb->lnum[h] <= child_pos) {
+                       /* new items don't fall into L[h] or CFL[h] */
+                       internal_shift_left(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h,
+                                           tb->lnum[h]);
+                       child_pos -= tb->lnum[h];
+               } else if (tb->lnum[h] > child_pos + insert_num) {
+                       /* all new items fall into L[h] */
+                       internal_shift_left(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, h,
+                                           tb->lnum[h] - insert_num);
+                       /* insert insert_num keys and node-pointers into L[h] */
+                       bi.tb = tb;
+                       bi.bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+                       bi.bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+                       bi.bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+                       internal_insert_childs(&bi,
+                                              /*tb->L[h], tb->S[h-1]->b_next */
+                                              n + child_pos + 1,
+                                              insert_num, insert_key,
+                                              insert_ptr);
+
+                       insert_num = 0;
+               } else {
+                       struct disk_child *dc;
+
+                       /*
+                        * some items fall into L[h] or CFL[h],
+                        * but some don't fall
+                        */
+                       internal_shift1_left(tb, h, child_pos + 1);
+                       /* calculate number of new items that fall into L[h] */
+                       k = tb->lnum[h] - child_pos - 1;
+                       bi.tb = tb;
+                       bi.bi_bh = tb->L[h];
+                       bi.bi_parent = tb->FL[h];
+                       bi.bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+                       internal_insert_childs(&bi,
+                                              /*tb->L[h], tb->S[h-1]->b_next, */
+                                              n + child_pos + 1, k,
+                                              insert_key, insert_ptr);
+
+                       replace_lkey(tb, h, insert_key + k);
+
+                       /*
+                        * replace the first node-ptr in S[h] by
+                        * node-ptr to insert_ptr[k]
+                        */
+                       dc = B_N_CHILD(tbSh, 0);
+                       put_dc_size(dc,
+                                   MAX_CHILD_SIZE(insert_ptr[k]) -
+                                   B_FREE_SPACE(insert_ptr[k]));
+                       put_dc_block_number(dc, insert_ptr[k]->b_blocknr);
+
+                       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(tb, tbSh, 0);
+
+                       k++;
+                       insert_key += k;
+                       insert_ptr += k;
+                       insert_num -= k;
+                       child_pos = 0;
+               }
+       }
+       /* tb->lnum[h] > 0 */
+       if (tb->rnum[h] > 0) {
+               /*shift rnum[h] items from S[h] to the right neighbor R[h] */
+               /*
+                * check how many of new items fall into R or CFR
+                * after shifting
+                */
+               n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbSh);   /* number of items in S[h] */
+               if (n - tb->rnum[h] >= child_pos)
+                       /* new items fall into S[h] */
+                       internal_shift_right(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h,
+                                            tb->rnum[h]);
+               else if (n + insert_num - tb->rnum[h] < child_pos) {
+                       /* all new items fall into R[h] */
+                       internal_shift_right(INTERNAL_SHIFT_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, h,
+                                            tb->rnum[h] - insert_num);
+
+                       /* insert insert_num keys and node-pointers into R[h] */
+                       bi.tb = tb;
+                       bi.bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+                       bi.bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+                       bi.bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+                       internal_insert_childs(&bi,
+                                              /*tb->R[h],tb->S[h-1]->b_next */
+                                              child_pos - n - insert_num +
+                                              tb->rnum[h] - 1,
+                                              insert_num, insert_key,
+                                              insert_ptr);
+                       insert_num = 0;
+               } else {
+                       struct disk_child *dc;
+
+                       /* one of the items falls into CFR[h] */
+                       internal_shift1_right(tb, h, n - child_pos + 1);
+                       /* calculate number of new items that fall into R[h] */
+                       k = tb->rnum[h] - n + child_pos - 1;
+                       bi.tb = tb;
+                       bi.bi_bh = tb->R[h];
+                       bi.bi_parent = tb->FR[h];
+                       bi.bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position(tb, h);
+                       internal_insert_childs(&bi,
+                                              /*tb->R[h], tb->R[h]->b_child, */
+                                              0, k, insert_key + 1,
+                                              insert_ptr + 1);
+
+                       replace_rkey(tb, h, insert_key + insert_num - k - 1);
+
+                       /*
+                        * replace the first node-ptr in R[h] by
+                        * node-ptr insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1]
+                        */
+                       dc = B_N_CHILD(tb->R[h], 0);
+                       put_dc_size(dc,
+                                   MAX_CHILD_SIZE(insert_ptr
+                                                  [insert_num - k - 1]) -
+                                   B_FREE_SPACE(insert_ptr
+                                                [insert_num - k - 1]));
+                       put_dc_block_number(dc,
+                                           insert_ptr[insert_num - k -
+                                                      1]->b_blocknr);
+
+                       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(tb, tb->R[h], 0);
+
+                       insert_num -= (k + 1);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /** Fill new node that appears instead of S[h] **/
+       RFALSE(tb->blknum[h] > 2, "blknum can not be > 2 for internal level");
+       RFALSE(tb->blknum[h] < 0, "blknum can not be < 0");
+
+       if (!tb->blknum[h]) {   /* node S[h] is empty now */
+               RFALSE(!tbSh, "S[h] is equal NULL");
+
+               /* do what is needed for buffer thrown from tree */
+               reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(tb, tbSh);
+               return order;
+       }
+
+       if (!tbSh) {
+               /* create new root */
+               struct disk_child *dc;
+               struct buffer_head *tbSh_1 = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h - 1);
+               struct block_head *blkh;
+
+               if (tb->blknum[h] != 1)
+                       reiserfs_panic(NULL, "ibalance-3", "One new node "
+                                      "required for creating the new root");
+               /* S[h] = empty buffer from the list FEB. */
+               tbSh = get_FEB(tb);
+               blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(tbSh);
+               set_blkh_level(blkh, h + 1);
+
+               /* Put the unique node-pointer to S[h] that points to S[h-1]. */
+
+               dc = B_N_CHILD(tbSh, 0);
+               put_dc_block_number(dc, tbSh_1->b_blocknr);
+               put_dc_size(dc,
+                           (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(tbSh_1) - B_FREE_SPACE(tbSh_1)));
+
+               tb->insert_size[h] -= DC_SIZE;
+               set_blkh_free_space(blkh, blkh_free_space(blkh) - DC_SIZE);
+
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(tb, tbSh, 0);
+
+               /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+               check_internal(tbSh);
+               /*&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&& */
+
+               /* put new root into path structure */
+               PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) =
+                   tbSh;
+
+               /* Change root in structure super block. */
+               PUT_SB_ROOT_BLOCK(tb->tb_sb, tbSh->b_blocknr);
+               PUT_SB_TREE_HEIGHT(tb->tb_sb, SB_TREE_HEIGHT(tb->tb_sb) + 1);
+               do_balance_mark_sb_dirty(tb, REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_sbh, 1);
+       }
+
+       if (tb->blknum[h] == 2) {
+               int snum;
+               struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+
+               /* S_new = free buffer from list FEB */
+               S_new = get_FEB(tb);
+
+               set_blkh_level(B_BLK_HEAD(S_new), h + 1);
+
+               dest_bi.tb = tb;
+               dest_bi.bi_bh = S_new;
+               dest_bi.bi_parent = NULL;
+               dest_bi.bi_position = 0;
+               src_bi.tb = tb;
+               src_bi.bi_bh = tbSh;
+               src_bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+               src_bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+
+               n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbSh);   /* number of items in S[h] */
+               snum = (insert_num + n + 1) / 2;
+               if (n - snum >= child_pos) {
+                       /* new items don't fall into S_new */
+                       /*  store the delimiting key for the next level */
+                       /* new_insert_key = (n - snum)'th key in S[h] */
+                       memcpy(&new_insert_key, internal_key(tbSh, n - snum),
+                              KEY_SIZE);
+                       /* last parameter is del_par */
+                       internal_move_pointers_items(&dest_bi, &src_bi,
+                                                    LAST_TO_FIRST, snum, 0);
+               } else if (n + insert_num - snum < child_pos) {
+                       /* all new items fall into S_new */
+                       /*  store the delimiting key for the next level */
+                       /*
+                        * new_insert_key = (n + insert_item - snum)'th
+                        * key in S[h]
+                        */
+                       memcpy(&new_insert_key,
+                              internal_key(tbSh, n + insert_num - snum),
+                              KEY_SIZE);
+                       /* last parameter is del_par */
+                       internal_move_pointers_items(&dest_bi, &src_bi,
+                                                    LAST_TO_FIRST,
+                                                    snum - insert_num, 0);
+
+                       /*
+                        * insert insert_num keys and node-pointers
+                        * into S_new
+                        */
+                       internal_insert_childs(&dest_bi,
+                                              /*S_new,tb->S[h-1]->b_next, */
+                                              child_pos - n - insert_num +
+                                              snum - 1,
+                                              insert_num, insert_key,
+                                              insert_ptr);
+
+                       insert_num = 0;
+               } else {
+                       struct disk_child *dc;
+
+                       /* some items fall into S_new, but some don't fall */
+                       /* last parameter is del_par */
+                       internal_move_pointers_items(&dest_bi, &src_bi,
+                                                    LAST_TO_FIRST,
+                                                    n - child_pos + 1, 1);
+                       /* calculate number of new items that fall into S_new */
+                       k = snum - n + child_pos - 1;
+
+                       internal_insert_childs(&dest_bi, /*S_new, */ 0, k,
+                                              insert_key + 1, insert_ptr + 1);
+
+                       /* new_insert_key = insert_key[insert_num - k - 1] */
+                       memcpy(&new_insert_key, insert_key + insert_num - k - 1,
+                              KEY_SIZE);
+                       /*
+                        * replace first node-ptr in S_new by node-ptr
+                        * to insert_ptr[insert_num-k-1]
+                        */
+
+                       dc = B_N_CHILD(S_new, 0);
+                       put_dc_size(dc,
+                                   (MAX_CHILD_SIZE
+                                    (insert_ptr[insert_num - k - 1]) -
+                                    B_FREE_SPACE(insert_ptr
+                                                 [insert_num - k - 1])));
+                       put_dc_block_number(dc,
+                                           insert_ptr[insert_num - k -
+                                                      1]->b_blocknr);
+
+                       do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(tb, S_new, 0);
+
+                       insert_num -= (k + 1);
+               }
+               /* new_insert_ptr = node_pointer to S_new */
+               new_insert_ptr = S_new;
+
+               RFALSE(!buffer_journaled(S_new) || buffer_journal_dirty(S_new)
+                      || buffer_dirty(S_new), "cm-00001: bad S_new (%b)",
+                      S_new);
+
+               /* S_new is released in unfix_nodes */
+       }
+
+       n = B_NR_ITEMS(tbSh);   /*number of items in S[h] */
+
+       if (0 <= child_pos && child_pos <= n && insert_num > 0) {
+               bi.tb = tb;
+               bi.bi_bh = tbSh;
+               bi.bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+               bi.bi_position = PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, h + 1);
+               internal_insert_childs(&bi,     /*tbSh, */
+                                      /*          ( tb->S[h-1]->b_parent == tb->S[h] ) ? tb->S[h-1]->b_next :  tb->S[h]->b_child->b_next, */
+                                      child_pos, insert_num, insert_key,
+                                      insert_ptr);
+       }
+
+       insert_ptr[0] = new_insert_ptr;
+       if (new_insert_ptr)
+               memcpy(new_insert_key_addr, &new_insert_key, KEY_SIZE);
+
+       return order;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/inode.c b/fs/reiserfs/inode.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..d39ee5f6c075
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/inode.c
@@ -0,0 +1,3416 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include <linux/exportfs.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/highmem.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/unaligned.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/mpage.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/swap.h>
+#include <linux/uio.h>
+#include <linux/bio.h>
+
+int reiserfs_commit_write(struct file *f, struct page *page,
+                         unsigned from, unsigned to);
+
+void reiserfs_evict_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       /*
+        * We need blocks for transaction + (user+group) quota
+        * update (possibly delete)
+        */
+       int jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 +
+           2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(inode->i_sb);
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int err;
+
+       if (!inode->i_nlink && !is_bad_inode(inode))
+               dquot_initialize(inode);
+
+       truncate_inode_pages_final(&inode->i_data);
+       if (inode->i_nlink)
+               goto no_delete;
+
+       /*
+        * The = 0 happens when we abort creating a new inode
+        * for some reason like lack of space..
+        * also handles bad_inode case
+        */
+       if (!(inode->i_state & I_NEW) && INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid != 0) {
+
+               reiserfs_delete_xattrs(inode);
+
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+               if (journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count))
+                       goto out;
+               reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+
+               reiserfs_discard_prealloc(&th, inode);
+
+               err = reiserfs_delete_object(&th, inode);
+
+               /*
+                * Do quota update inside a transaction for journaled quotas.
+                * We must do that after delete_object so that quota updates
+                * go into the same transaction as stat data deletion
+                */
+               if (!err) {
+                       int depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+                       dquot_free_inode(inode);
+                       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+               }
+
+               if (journal_end(&th))
+                       goto out;
+
+               /*
+                * check return value from reiserfs_delete_object after
+                * ending the transaction
+                */
+               if (err)
+                   goto out;
+
+               /*
+                * all items of file are deleted, so we can remove
+                * "save" link
+                * we can't do anything about an error here
+                */
+               remove_save_link(inode, 0 /* not truncate */);
+out:
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       } else {
+               /* no object items are in the tree */
+               ;
+       }
+
+       /* note this must go after the journal_end to prevent deadlock */
+       clear_inode(inode);
+
+       dquot_drop(inode);
+       inode->i_blocks = 0;
+       return;
+
+no_delete:
+       clear_inode(inode);
+       dquot_drop(inode);
+}
+
+static void _make_cpu_key(struct cpu_key *key, int version, __u32 dirid,
+                         __u32 objectid, loff_t offset, int type, int length)
+{
+       key->version = version;
+
+       key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id = dirid;
+       key->on_disk_key.k_objectid = objectid;
+       set_cpu_key_k_offset(key, offset);
+       set_cpu_key_k_type(key, type);
+       key->key_length = length;
+}
+
+/*
+ * take base of inode_key (it comes from inode always) (dirid, objectid)
+ * and version from an inode, set offset and type of key
+ */
+void make_cpu_key(struct cpu_key *key, struct inode *inode, loff_t offset,
+                 int type, int length)
+{
+       _make_cpu_key(key, get_inode_item_key_version(inode),
+                     le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id),
+                     le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid), offset, type,
+                     length);
+}
+
+/* when key is 0, do not set version and short key */
+inline void make_le_item_head(struct item_head *ih, const struct cpu_key *key,
+                             int version,
+                             loff_t offset, int type, int length,
+                             int entry_count /*or ih_free_space */ )
+{
+       if (key) {
+               ih->ih_key.k_dir_id = cpu_to_le32(key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id);
+               ih->ih_key.k_objectid =
+                   cpu_to_le32(key->on_disk_key.k_objectid);
+       }
+       put_ih_version(ih, version);
+       set_le_ih_k_offset(ih, offset);
+       set_le_ih_k_type(ih, type);
+       put_ih_item_len(ih, length);
+       /*    set_ih_free_space (ih, 0); */
+       /*
+        * for directory items it is entry count, for directs and stat
+        * datas - 0xffff, for indirects - 0
+        */
+       put_ih_entry_count(ih, entry_count);
+}
+
+/*
+ * FIXME: we might cache recently accessed indirect item
+ * Ugh.  Not too eager for that....
+ * I cut the code until such time as I see a convincing argument (benchmark).
+ * I don't want a bloated inode struct..., and I don't like code complexity....
+ */
+
+/*
+ * cutting the code is fine, since it really isn't in use yet and is easy
+ * to add back in.  But, Vladimir has a really good idea here.  Think
+ * about what happens for reading a file.  For each page,
+ * The VFS layer calls reiserfs_read_folio, who searches the tree to find
+ * an indirect item.  This indirect item has X number of pointers, where
+ * X is a big number if we've done the block allocation right.  But,
+ * we only use one or two of these pointers during each call to read_folio,
+ * needlessly researching again later on.
+ *
+ * The size of the cache could be dynamic based on the size of the file.
+ *
+ * I'd also like to see us cache the location the stat data item, since
+ * we are needlessly researching for that frequently.
+ *
+ * --chris
+ */
+
+/*
+ * If this page has a file tail in it, and
+ * it was read in by get_block_create_0, the page data is valid,
+ * but tail is still sitting in a direct item, and we can't write to
+ * it.  So, look through this page, and check all the mapped buffers
+ * to make sure they have valid block numbers.  Any that don't need
+ * to be unmapped, so that __block_write_begin will correctly call
+ * reiserfs_get_block to convert the tail into an unformatted node
+ */
+static inline void fix_tail_page_for_writing(struct page *page)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *head, *next, *bh;
+
+       if (page && page_has_buffers(page)) {
+               head = page_buffers(page);
+               bh = head;
+               do {
+                       next = bh->b_this_page;
+                       if (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr == 0) {
+                               reiserfs_unmap_buffer(bh);
+                       }
+                       bh = next;
+               } while (bh != head);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * reiserfs_get_block does not need to allocate a block only if it has been
+ * done already or non-hole position has been found in the indirect item
+ */
+static inline int allocation_needed(int retval, b_blocknr_t allocated,
+                                   struct item_head *ih,
+                                   __le32 * item, int pos_in_item)
+{
+       if (allocated)
+               return 0;
+       if (retval == POSITION_FOUND && is_indirect_le_ih(ih) &&
+           get_block_num(item, pos_in_item))
+               return 0;
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static inline int indirect_item_found(int retval, struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       return (retval == POSITION_FOUND) && is_indirect_le_ih(ih);
+}
+
+static inline void set_block_dev_mapped(struct buffer_head *bh,
+                                       b_blocknr_t block, struct inode *inode)
+{
+       map_bh(bh, inode->i_sb, block);
+}
+
+/*
+ * files which were created in the earlier version can not be longer,
+ * than 2 gb
+ */
+static int file_capable(struct inode *inode, sector_t block)
+{
+       /* it is new file. */
+       if (get_inode_item_key_version(inode) != KEY_FORMAT_3_5 ||
+           /* old file, but 'block' is inside of 2gb */
+           block < (1 << (31 - inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits)))
+               return 1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int restart_transaction(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                              struct inode *inode, struct treepath *path)
+{
+       struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+       int err;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_refcount);
+
+       pathrelse(path);
+
+       /* we cannot restart while nested */
+       if (th->t_refcount > 1) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+       err = journal_end(th);
+       if (!err) {
+               err = journal_begin(th, s, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 6);
+               if (!err)
+                       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       }
+       return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * it is called by get_block when create == 0. Returns block number
+ * for 'block'-th logical block of file. When it hits direct item it
+ * returns 0 (being called from bmap) or read direct item into piece
+ * of page (bh_result)
+ * Please improve the english/clarity in the comment above, as it is
+ * hard to understand.
+ */
+static int _get_block_create_0(struct inode *inode, sector_t block,
+                              struct buffer_head *bh_result, int args)
+{
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct item_head *ih, tmp_ih;
+       b_blocknr_t blocknr;
+       char *p;
+       int chars;
+       int ret;
+       int result;
+       int done = 0;
+       unsigned long offset;
+
+       /* prepare the key to look for the 'block'-th block of file */
+       make_cpu_key(&key, inode,
+                    (loff_t) block * inode->i_sb->s_blocksize + 1, TYPE_ANY,
+                    3);
+
+       result = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+       if (result != POSITION_FOUND) {
+               pathrelse(&path);
+               if (result == IO_ERROR)
+                       return -EIO;
+               /*
+                * We do not return -ENOENT if there is a hole but page is
+                * uptodate, because it means that there is some MMAPED data
+                * associated with it that is yet to be written to disk.
+                */
+               if ((args & GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE)
+                   && !PageUptodate(bh_result->b_page)) {
+                       return -ENOENT;
+               }
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+       ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih)) {
+               __le32 *ind_item = (__le32 *) ih_item_body(bh, ih);
+
+               /*
+                * FIXME: here we could cache indirect item or part of it in
+                * the inode to avoid search_by_key in case of subsequent
+                * access to file
+                */
+               blocknr = get_block_num(ind_item, path.pos_in_item);
+               ret = 0;
+               if (blocknr) {
+                       map_bh(bh_result, inode->i_sb, blocknr);
+                       if (path.pos_in_item ==
+                           ((ih_item_len(ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE) - 1)) {
+                               set_buffer_boundary(bh_result);
+                       }
+               } else
+                       /*
+                        * We do not return -ENOENT if there is a hole but
+                        * page is uptodate, because it means that there is
+                        * some MMAPED data associated with it that is
+                        * yet to be written to disk.
+                        */
+               if ((args & GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE)
+                           && !PageUptodate(bh_result->b_page)) {
+                       ret = -ENOENT;
+               }
+
+               pathrelse(&path);
+               return ret;
+       }
+       /* requested data are in direct item(s) */
+       if (!(args & GET_BLOCK_READ_DIRECT)) {
+               /*
+                * we are called by bmap. FIXME: we can not map block of file
+                * when it is stored in direct item(s)
+                */
+               pathrelse(&path);
+               return -ENOENT;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * if we've got a direct item, and the buffer or page was uptodate,
+        * we don't want to pull data off disk again.  skip to the
+        * end, where we map the buffer and return
+        */
+       if (buffer_uptodate(bh_result)) {
+               goto finished;
+       } else
+               /*
+                * grab_tail_page can trigger calls to reiserfs_get_block on
+                * up to date pages without any buffers.  If the page is up
+                * to date, we don't want read old data off disk.  Set the up
+                * to date bit on the buffer instead and jump to the end
+                */
+       if (!bh_result->b_page || PageUptodate(bh_result->b_page)) {
+               set_buffer_uptodate(bh_result);
+               goto finished;
+       }
+       /* read file tail into part of page */
+       offset = (cpu_key_k_offset(&key) - 1) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+       copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+       /*
+        * we only want to kmap if we are reading the tail into the page.
+        * this is not the common case, so we don't kmap until we are
+        * sure we need to.  But, this means the item might move if
+        * kmap schedules
+        */
+       p = (char *)kmap(bh_result->b_page);
+       p += offset;
+       memset(p, 0, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+       do {
+               if (!is_direct_le_ih(ih)) {
+                       BUG();
+               }
+               /*
+                * make sure we don't read more bytes than actually exist in
+                * the file.  This can happen in odd cases where i_size isn't
+                * correct, and when direct item padding results in a few
+                * extra bytes at the end of the direct item
+                */
+               if ((le_ih_k_offset(ih) + path.pos_in_item) > inode->i_size)
+                       break;
+               if ((le_ih_k_offset(ih) - 1 + ih_item_len(ih)) > inode->i_size) {
+                       chars =
+                           inode->i_size - (le_ih_k_offset(ih) - 1) -
+                           path.pos_in_item;
+                       done = 1;
+               } else {
+                       chars = ih_item_len(ih) - path.pos_in_item;
+               }
+               memcpy(p, ih_item_body(bh, ih) + path.pos_in_item, chars);
+
+               if (done)
+                       break;
+
+               p += chars;
+
+               /*
+                * we done, if read direct item is not the last item of
+                * node FIXME: we could try to check right delimiting key
+                * to see whether direct item continues in the right
+                * neighbor or rely on i_size
+                */
+               if (PATH_LAST_POSITION(&path) != (B_NR_ITEMS(bh) - 1))
+                       break;
+
+               /* update key to look for the next piece */
+               set_cpu_key_k_offset(&key, cpu_key_k_offset(&key) + chars);
+               result = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+               if (result != POSITION_FOUND)
+                       /* i/o error most likely */
+                       break;
+               bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+               ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+       } while (1);
+
+       flush_dcache_page(bh_result->b_page);
+       kunmap(bh_result->b_page);
+
+finished:
+       pathrelse(&path);
+
+       if (result == IO_ERROR)
+               return -EIO;
+
+       /*
+        * this buffer has valid data, but isn't valid for io.  mapping it to
+        * block #0 tells the rest of reiserfs it just has a tail in it
+        */
+       map_bh(bh_result, inode->i_sb, 0);
+       set_buffer_uptodate(bh_result);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * this is called to create file map. So, _get_block_create_0 will not
+ * read direct item
+ */
+static int reiserfs_bmap(struct inode *inode, sector_t block,
+                        struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
+{
+       if (!file_capable(inode, block))
+               return -EFBIG;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       /* do not read the direct item */
+       _get_block_create_0(inode, block, bh_result, 0);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * special version of get_block that is only used by grab_tail_page right
+ * now.  It is sent to __block_write_begin, and when you try to get a
+ * block past the end of the file (or a block from a hole) it returns
+ * -ENOENT instead of a valid buffer.  __block_write_begin expects to
+ * be able to do i/o on the buffers returned, unless an error value
+ * is also returned.
+ *
+ * So, this allows __block_write_begin to be used for reading a single block
+ * in a page.  Where it does not produce a valid page for holes, or past the
+ * end of the file.  This turns out to be exactly what we need for reading
+ * tails for conversion.
+ *
+ * The point of the wrapper is forcing a certain value for create, even
+ * though the VFS layer is calling this function with create==1.  If you
+ * don't want to send create == GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE to reiserfs_get_block,
+ * don't use this function.
+*/
+static int reiserfs_get_block_create_0(struct inode *inode, sector_t block,
+                                      struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+                                      int create)
+{
+       return reiserfs_get_block(inode, block, bh_result, GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * This is special helper for reiserfs_get_block in case we are executing
+ * direct_IO request.
+ */
+static int reiserfs_get_blocks_direct_io(struct inode *inode,
+                                        sector_t iblock,
+                                        struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+                                        int create)
+{
+       int ret;
+
+       bh_result->b_page = NULL;
+
+       /*
+        * We set the b_size before reiserfs_get_block call since it is
+        * referenced in convert_tail_for_hole() that may be called from
+        * reiserfs_get_block()
+        */
+       bh_result->b_size = i_blocksize(inode);
+
+       ret = reiserfs_get_block(inode, iblock, bh_result,
+                                create | GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
+
+       /* don't allow direct io onto tail pages */
+       if (buffer_mapped(bh_result) && bh_result->b_blocknr == 0) {
+               /*
+                * make sure future calls to the direct io funcs for this
+                * offset in the file fail by unmapping the buffer
+                */
+               clear_buffer_mapped(bh_result);
+               ret = -EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Possible unpacked tail. Flush the data before pages have
+        * disappeared
+        */
+       if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_pack_on_close_mask) {
+               int err;
+
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+               err = reiserfs_commit_for_inode(inode);
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask;
+
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+               if (err < 0)
+                       ret = err;
+       }
+out:
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * helper function for when reiserfs_get_block is called for a hole
+ * but the file tail is still in a direct item
+ * bh_result is the buffer head for the hole
+ * tail_offset is the offset of the start of the tail in the file
+ *
+ * This calls prepare_write, which will start a new transaction
+ * you should not be in a transaction, or have any paths held when you
+ * call this.
+ */
+static int convert_tail_for_hole(struct inode *inode,
+                                struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+                                loff_t tail_offset)
+{
+       unsigned long index;
+       unsigned long tail_end;
+       unsigned long tail_start;
+       struct page *tail_page;
+       struct page *hole_page = bh_result->b_page;
+       int retval = 0;
+
+       if ((tail_offset & (bh_result->b_size - 1)) != 1)
+               return -EIO;
+
+       /* always try to read until the end of the block */
+       tail_start = tail_offset & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+       tail_end = (tail_start | (bh_result->b_size - 1)) + 1;
+
+       index = tail_offset >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+       /*
+        * hole_page can be zero in case of direct_io, we are sure
+        * that we cannot get here if we write with O_DIRECT into tail page
+        */
+       if (!hole_page || index != hole_page->index) {
+               tail_page = grab_cache_page(inode->i_mapping, index);
+               retval = -ENOMEM;
+               if (!tail_page) {
+                       goto out;
+               }
+       } else {
+               tail_page = hole_page;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * we don't have to make sure the conversion did not happen while
+        * we were locking the page because anyone that could convert
+        * must first take i_mutex.
+        *
+        * We must fix the tail page for writing because it might have buffers
+        * that are mapped, but have a block number of 0.  This indicates tail
+        * data that has been read directly into the page, and
+        * __block_write_begin won't trigger a get_block in this case.
+        */
+       fix_tail_page_for_writing(tail_page);
+       retval = __reiserfs_write_begin(tail_page, tail_start,
+                                     tail_end - tail_start);
+       if (retval)
+               goto unlock;
+
+       /* tail conversion might change the data in the page */
+       flush_dcache_page(tail_page);
+
+       retval = reiserfs_commit_write(NULL, tail_page, tail_start, tail_end);
+
+unlock:
+       if (tail_page != hole_page) {
+               unlock_page(tail_page);
+               put_page(tail_page);
+       }
+out:
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static inline int _allocate_block(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                 sector_t block,
+                                 struct inode *inode,
+                                 b_blocknr_t * allocated_block_nr,
+                                 struct treepath *path, int flags)
+{
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+#ifdef REISERFS_PREALLOCATE
+       if (!(flags & GET_BLOCK_NO_IMUX)) {
+               return reiserfs_new_unf_blocknrs2(th, inode, allocated_block_nr,
+                                                 path, block);
+       }
+#endif
+       return reiserfs_new_unf_blocknrs(th, inode, allocated_block_nr, path,
+                                        block);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t block,
+                      struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create)
+{
+       int repeat, retval = 0;
+       /* b_blocknr_t is (unsigned) 32 bit int*/
+       b_blocknr_t allocated_block_nr = 0;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       int pos_in_item;
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       struct buffer_head *bh, *unbh = NULL;
+       struct item_head *ih, tmp_ih;
+       __le32 *item;
+       int done;
+       int fs_gen;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = NULL;
+       /*
+        * space reserved in transaction batch:
+        * . 3 balancings in direct->indirect conversion
+        * . 1 block involved into reiserfs_update_sd()
+        * XXX in practically impossible worst case direct2indirect()
+        * can incur (much) more than 3 balancings.
+        * quota update for user, group
+        */
+       int jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 1 +
+           2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(inode->i_sb);
+       int version;
+       int dangle = 1;
+       loff_t new_offset =
+           (((loff_t) block) << inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits) + 1;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       version = get_inode_item_key_version(inode);
+
+       if (!file_capable(inode, block)) {
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+               return -EFBIG;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * if !create, we aren't changing the FS, so we don't need to
+        * log anything, so we don't need to start a transaction
+        */
+       if (!(create & GET_BLOCK_CREATE)) {
+               int ret;
+               /* find number of block-th logical block of the file */
+               ret = _get_block_create_0(inode, block, bh_result,
+                                         create | GET_BLOCK_READ_DIRECT);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+               return ret;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * if we're already in a transaction, make sure to close
+        * any new transactions we start in this func
+        */
+       if ((create & GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE) ||
+           reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb))
+               dangle = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * If file is of such a size, that it might have a tail and
+        * tails are enabled  we should mark it as possibly needing
+        * tail packing on close
+        */
+       if ((have_large_tails(inode->i_sb)
+            && inode->i_size < i_block_size(inode) * 4)
+           || (have_small_tails(inode->i_sb)
+               && inode->i_size < i_block_size(inode)))
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_pack_on_close_mask;
+
+       /* set the key of the first byte in the 'block'-th block of file */
+       make_cpu_key(&key, inode, new_offset, TYPE_ANY, 3 /*key length */ );
+       if ((new_offset + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1) > inode->i_size) {
+start_trans:
+               th = reiserfs_persistent_transaction(inode->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+               if (!th) {
+                       retval = -ENOMEM;
+                       goto failure;
+               }
+               reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       }
+research:
+
+       retval = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               retval = -EIO;
+               goto failure;
+       }
+
+       bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+       ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+       item = tp_item_body(&path);
+       pos_in_item = path.pos_in_item;
+
+       fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb);
+       copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+       if (allocation_needed
+           (retval, allocated_block_nr, ih, item, pos_in_item)) {
+               /* we have to allocate block for the unformatted node */
+               if (!th) {
+                       pathrelse(&path);
+                       goto start_trans;
+               }
+
+               repeat =
+                   _allocate_block(th, block, inode, &allocated_block_nr,
+                                   &path, create);
+
+               /*
+                * restart the transaction to give the journal a chance to free
+                * some blocks.  releases the path, so we have to go back to
+                * research if we succeed on the second try
+                */
+               if (repeat == NO_DISK_SPACE || repeat == QUOTA_EXCEEDED) {
+                       SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb)->j_next_async_flush = 1;
+                       retval = restart_transaction(th, inode, &path);
+                       if (retval)
+                               goto failure;
+                       repeat =
+                           _allocate_block(th, block, inode,
+                                           &allocated_block_nr, NULL, create);
+
+                       if (repeat != NO_DISK_SPACE && repeat != QUOTA_EXCEEDED) {
+                               goto research;
+                       }
+                       if (repeat == QUOTA_EXCEEDED)
+                               retval = -EDQUOT;
+                       else
+                               retval = -ENOSPC;
+                       goto failure;
+               }
+
+               if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+                   && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+                       goto research;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (indirect_item_found(retval, ih)) {
+               b_blocknr_t unfm_ptr;
+               /*
+                * 'block'-th block is in the file already (there is
+                * corresponding cell in some indirect item). But it may be
+                * zero unformatted node pointer (hole)
+                */
+               unfm_ptr = get_block_num(item, pos_in_item);
+               if (unfm_ptr == 0) {
+                       /* use allocated block to plug the hole */
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1);
+                       if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+                           && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb,
+                                                                bh);
+                               goto research;
+                       }
+                       set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+                       if (buffer_dirty(bh_result)
+                           && reiserfs_data_ordered(inode->i_sb))
+                               reiserfs_add_ordered_list(inode, bh_result);
+                       put_block_num(item, pos_in_item, allocated_block_nr);
+                       unfm_ptr = allocated_block_nr;
+                       journal_mark_dirty(th, bh);
+                       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+               }
+               set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result, unfm_ptr, inode);
+               pathrelse(&path);
+               retval = 0;
+               if (!dangle && th)
+                       retval = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+               /*
+                * the item was found, so new blocks were not added to the file
+                * there is no need to make sure the inode is updated with this
+                * transaction
+                */
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       if (!th) {
+               pathrelse(&path);
+               goto start_trans;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * desired position is not found or is in the direct item. We have
+        * to append file with holes up to 'block'-th block converting
+        * direct items to indirect one if necessary
+        */
+       done = 0;
+       do {
+               if (is_statdata_le_ih(ih)) {
+                       __le32 unp = 0;
+                       struct cpu_key tmp_key;
+
+                       /* indirect item has to be inserted */
+                       make_le_item_head(&tmp_ih, &key, version, 1,
+                                         TYPE_INDIRECT, UNFM_P_SIZE,
+                                         0 /* free_space */ );
+
+                       /*
+                        * we are going to add 'block'-th block to the file.
+                        * Use allocated block for that
+                        */
+                       if (cpu_key_k_offset(&key) == 1) {
+                               unp = cpu_to_le32(allocated_block_nr);
+                               set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result,
+                                                    allocated_block_nr, inode);
+                               set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+                               done = 1;
+                       }
+                       tmp_key = key;  /* ;) */
+                       set_cpu_key_k_offset(&tmp_key, 1);
+                       PATH_LAST_POSITION(&path)++;
+
+                       retval =
+                           reiserfs_insert_item(th, &path, &tmp_key, &tmp_ih,
+                                                inode, (char *)&unp);
+                       if (retval) {
+                               reiserfs_free_block(th, inode,
+                                                   allocated_block_nr, 1);
+                               /*
+                                * retval == -ENOSPC, -EDQUOT or -EIO
+                                * or -EEXIST
+                                */
+                               goto failure;
+                       }
+               } else if (is_direct_le_ih(ih)) {
+                       /* direct item has to be converted */
+                       loff_t tail_offset;
+
+                       tail_offset =
+                           ((le_ih_k_offset(ih) -
+                             1) & ~(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) + 1;
+
+                       /*
+                        * direct item we just found fits into block we have
+                        * to map. Convert it into unformatted node: use
+                        * bh_result for the conversion
+                        */
+                       if (tail_offset == cpu_key_k_offset(&key)) {
+                               set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result,
+                                                    allocated_block_nr, inode);
+                               unbh = bh_result;
+                               done = 1;
+                       } else {
+                               /*
+                                * we have to pad file tail stored in direct
+                                * item(s) up to block size and convert it
+                                * to unformatted node. FIXME: this should
+                                * also get into page cache
+                                */
+
+                               pathrelse(&path);
+                               /*
+                                * ugly, but we can only end the transaction if
+                                * we aren't nested
+                                */
+                               BUG_ON(!th->t_refcount);
+                               if (th->t_refcount == 1) {
+                                       retval =
+                                           reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction
+                                           (th);
+                                       th = NULL;
+                                       if (retval)
+                                               goto failure;
+                               }
+
+                               retval =
+                                   convert_tail_for_hole(inode, bh_result,
+                                                         tail_offset);
+                               if (retval) {
+                                       if (retval != -ENOSPC)
+                                               reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb,
+                                                       "clm-6004",
+                                                       "convert tail failed "
+                                                       "inode %lu, error %d",
+                                                       inode->i_ino,
+                                                       retval);
+                                       if (allocated_block_nr) {
+                                               /*
+                                                * the bitmap, the super,
+                                                * and the stat data == 3
+                                                */
+                                               if (!th)
+                                                       th = reiserfs_persistent_transaction(inode->i_sb, 3);
+                                               if (th)
+                                                       reiserfs_free_block(th,
+                                                                           inode,
+                                                                           allocated_block_nr,
+                                                                           1);
+                                       }
+                                       goto failure;
+                               }
+                               goto research;
+                       }
+                       retval =
+                           direct2indirect(th, inode, &path, unbh,
+                                           tail_offset);
+                       if (retval) {
+                               reiserfs_unmap_buffer(unbh);
+                               reiserfs_free_block(th, inode,
+                                                   allocated_block_nr, 1);
+                               goto failure;
+                       }
+                       /*
+                        * it is important the set_buffer_uptodate is done
+                        * after the direct2indirect.  The buffer might
+                        * contain valid data newer than the data on disk
+                        * (read by read_folio, changed, and then sent here by
+                        * writepage).  direct2indirect needs to know if unbh
+                        * was already up to date, so it can decide if the
+                        * data in unbh needs to be replaced with data from
+                        * the disk
+                        */
+                       set_buffer_uptodate(unbh);
+
+                       /*
+                        * unbh->b_page == NULL in case of DIRECT_IO request,
+                        * this means buffer will disappear shortly, so it
+                        * should not be added to
+                        */
+                       if (unbh->b_page) {
+                               /*
+                                * we've converted the tail, so we must
+                                * flush unbh before the transaction commits
+                                */
+                               reiserfs_add_tail_list(inode, unbh);
+
+                               /*
+                                * mark it dirty now to prevent commit_write
+                                * from adding this buffer to the inode's
+                                * dirty buffer list
+                                */
+                               /*
+                                * AKPM: changed __mark_buffer_dirty to
+                                * mark_buffer_dirty().  It's still atomic,
+                                * but it sets the page dirty too, which makes
+                                * it eligible for writeback at any time by the
+                                * VM (which was also the case with
+                                * __mark_buffer_dirty())
+                                */
+                               mark_buffer_dirty(unbh);
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       /*
+                        * append indirect item with holes if needed, when
+                        * appending pointer to 'block'-th block use block,
+                        * which is already allocated
+                        */
+                       struct cpu_key tmp_key;
+                       /*
+                        * We use this in case we need to allocate
+                        * only one block which is a fastpath
+                        */
+                       unp_t unf_single = 0;
+                       unp_t *un;
+                       __u64 max_to_insert =
+                           MAX_ITEM_LEN(inode->i_sb->s_blocksize) /
+                           UNFM_P_SIZE;
+                       __u64 blocks_needed;
+
+                       RFALSE(pos_in_item != ih_item_len(ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE,
+                              "vs-804: invalid position for append");
+                       /*
+                        * indirect item has to be appended,
+                        * set up key of that position
+                        * (key type is unimportant)
+                        */
+                       make_cpu_key(&tmp_key, inode,
+                                    le_key_k_offset(version,
+                                                    &ih->ih_key) +
+                                    op_bytes_number(ih,
+                                                    inode->i_sb->s_blocksize),
+                                    TYPE_INDIRECT, 3);
+
+                       RFALSE(cpu_key_k_offset(&tmp_key) > cpu_key_k_offset(&key),
+                              "green-805: invalid offset");
+                       blocks_needed =
+                           1 +
+                           ((cpu_key_k_offset(&key) -
+                             cpu_key_k_offset(&tmp_key)) >> inode->i_sb->
+                            s_blocksize_bits);
+
+                       if (blocks_needed == 1) {
+                               un = &unf_single;
+                       } else {
+                               un = kcalloc(min(blocks_needed, max_to_insert),
+                                            UNFM_P_SIZE, GFP_NOFS);
+                               if (!un) {
+                                       un = &unf_single;
+                                       blocks_needed = 1;
+                                       max_to_insert = 0;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       if (blocks_needed <= max_to_insert) {
+                               /*
+                                * we are going to add target block to
+                                * the file. Use allocated block for that
+                                */
+                               un[blocks_needed - 1] =
+                                   cpu_to_le32(allocated_block_nr);
+                               set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result,
+                                                    allocated_block_nr, inode);
+                               set_buffer_new(bh_result);
+                               done = 1;
+                       } else {
+                               /* paste hole to the indirect item */
+                               /*
+                                * If kcalloc failed, max_to_insert becomes
+                                * zero and it means we only have space for
+                                * one block
+                                */
+                               blocks_needed =
+                                   max_to_insert ? max_to_insert : 1;
+                       }
+                       retval =
+                           reiserfs_paste_into_item(th, &path, &tmp_key, inode,
+                                                    (char *)un,
+                                                    UNFM_P_SIZE *
+                                                    blocks_needed);
+
+                       if (blocks_needed != 1)
+                               kfree(un);
+
+                       if (retval) {
+                               reiserfs_free_block(th, inode,
+                                                   allocated_block_nr, 1);
+                               goto failure;
+                       }
+                       if (!done) {
+                               /*
+                                * We need to mark new file size in case
+                                * this function will be interrupted/aborted
+                                * later on. And we may do this only for
+                                * holes.
+                                */
+                               inode->i_size +=
+                                   inode->i_sb->s_blocksize * blocks_needed;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (done == 1)
+                       break;
+
+               /*
+                * this loop could log more blocks than we had originally
+                * asked for.  So, we have to allow the transaction to end
+                * if it is too big or too full.  Update the inode so things
+                * are consistent if we crash before the function returns
+                * release the path so that anybody waiting on the path before
+                * ending their transaction will be able to continue.
+                */
+               if (journal_transaction_should_end(th, th->t_blocks_allocated)) {
+                       retval = restart_transaction(th, inode, &path);
+                       if (retval)
+                               goto failure;
+               }
+               /*
+                * inserting indirect pointers for a hole can take a
+                * long time.  reschedule if needed and also release the write
+                * lock for others.
+                */
+               reiserfs_cond_resched(inode->i_sb);
+
+               retval = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+               if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+                       retval = -EIO;
+                       goto failure;
+               }
+               if (retval == POSITION_FOUND) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "vs-825",
+                                        "%K should not be found", &key);
+                       retval = -EEXIST;
+                       if (allocated_block_nr)
+                               reiserfs_free_block(th, inode,
+                                                   allocated_block_nr, 1);
+                       pathrelse(&path);
+                       goto failure;
+               }
+               bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+               ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+               item = tp_item_body(&path);
+               pos_in_item = path.pos_in_item;
+       } while (1);
+
+       retval = 0;
+
+failure:
+       if (th && (!dangle || (retval && !th->t_trans_id))) {
+               int err;
+               if (th->t_trans_id)
+                       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+               err = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+               if (err)
+                       retval = err;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_readahead(struct readahead_control *rac)
+{
+       mpage_readahead(rac, reiserfs_get_block);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Compute real number of used bytes by file
+ * Following three functions can go away when we'll have enough space in
+ * stat item
+ */
+static int real_space_diff(struct inode *inode, int sd_size)
+{
+       int bytes;
+       loff_t blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+
+       if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+               return sd_size;
+
+       /*
+        * End of file is also in full block with indirect reference, so round
+        * up to the next block.
+        *
+        * there is just no way to know if the tail is actually packed
+        * on the file, so we have to assume it isn't.  When we pack the
+        * tail, we add 4 bytes to pretend there really is an unformatted
+        * node pointer
+        */
+       bytes =
+           ((inode->i_size +
+             (blocksize - 1)) >> inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits) * UNFM_P_SIZE +
+           sd_size;
+       return bytes;
+}
+
+static inline loff_t to_real_used_space(struct inode *inode, ulong blocks,
+                                       int sd_size)
+{
+       if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+               return inode->i_size +
+                   (loff_t) (real_space_diff(inode, sd_size));
+       }
+       return ((loff_t) real_space_diff(inode, sd_size)) +
+           (((loff_t) blocks) << 9);
+}
+
+/* Compute number of blocks used by file in ReiserFS counting */
+static inline ulong to_fake_used_blocks(struct inode *inode, int sd_size)
+{
+       loff_t bytes = inode_get_bytes(inode);
+       loff_t real_space = real_space_diff(inode, sd_size);
+
+       /* keeps fsck and non-quota versions of reiserfs happy */
+       if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+               bytes += (loff_t) 511;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * files from before the quota patch might i_blocks such that
+        * bytes < real_space.  Deal with that here to prevent it from
+        * going negative.
+        */
+       if (bytes < real_space)
+               return 0;
+       return (bytes - real_space) >> 9;
+}
+
+/*
+ * BAD: new directories have stat data of new type and all other items
+ * of old type. Version stored in the inode says about body items, so
+ * in update_stat_data we can not rely on inode, but have to check
+ * item version directly
+ */
+
+/* called by read_locked_inode */
+static void init_inode(struct inode *inode, struct treepath *path)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       __u32 rdev;
+
+       bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path);
+       ih = tp_item_head(path);
+
+       copy_key(INODE_PKEY(inode), &ih->ih_key);
+
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_list);
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags = 0;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_block = 0;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count = 0;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id = 0;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl = NULL;
+       reiserfs_init_xattr_rwsem(inode);
+
+       if (stat_data_v1(ih)) {
+               struct stat_data_v1 *sd =
+                   (struct stat_data_v1 *)ih_item_body(bh, ih);
+               unsigned long blocks;
+
+               set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+               set_inode_sd_version(inode, STAT_DATA_V1);
+               inode->i_mode = sd_v1_mode(sd);
+               set_nlink(inode, sd_v1_nlink(sd));
+               i_uid_write(inode, sd_v1_uid(sd));
+               i_gid_write(inode, sd_v1_gid(sd));
+               inode->i_size = sd_v1_size(sd);
+               inode_set_atime(inode, sd_v1_atime(sd), 0);
+               inode_set_mtime(inode, sd_v1_mtime(sd), 0);
+               inode_set_ctime(inode, sd_v1_ctime(sd), 0);
+
+               inode->i_blocks = sd_v1_blocks(sd);
+               inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id);
+               blocks = (inode->i_size + 511) >> 9;
+               blocks = _ROUND_UP(blocks, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize >> 9);
+
+               /*
+                * there was a bug in <=3.5.23 when i_blocks could take
+                * negative values. Starting from 3.5.17 this value could
+                * even be stored in stat data. For such files we set
+                * i_blocks based on file size. Just 2 notes: this can be
+                * wrong for sparse files. On-disk value will be only
+                * updated if file's inode will ever change
+                */
+               if (inode->i_blocks > blocks) {
+                       inode->i_blocks = blocks;
+               }
+
+               rdev = sd_v1_rdev(sd);
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte =
+                   sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sd);
+
+               /*
+                * an early bug in the quota code can give us an odd
+                * number for the block count.  This is incorrect, fix it here.
+                */
+               if (inode->i_blocks & 1) {
+                       inode->i_blocks++;
+               }
+               inode_set_bytes(inode,
+                               to_real_used_space(inode, inode->i_blocks,
+                                                  SD_V1_SIZE));
+               /*
+                * nopack is initially zero for v1 objects. For v2 objects,
+                * nopack is initialised from sd_attrs
+                */
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_nopack_mask;
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * new stat data found, but object may have old items
+                * (directories and symlinks)
+                */
+               struct stat_data *sd = (struct stat_data *)ih_item_body(bh, ih);
+
+               inode->i_mode = sd_v2_mode(sd);
+               set_nlink(inode, sd_v2_nlink(sd));
+               i_uid_write(inode, sd_v2_uid(sd));
+               inode->i_size = sd_v2_size(sd);
+               i_gid_write(inode, sd_v2_gid(sd));
+               inode_set_mtime(inode, sd_v2_mtime(sd), 0);
+               inode_set_atime(inode, sd_v2_atime(sd), 0);
+               inode_set_ctime(inode, sd_v2_ctime(sd), 0);
+               inode->i_blocks = sd_v2_blocks(sd);
+               rdev = sd_v2_rdev(sd);
+               if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
+                       inode->i_generation =
+                           le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id);
+               else
+                       inode->i_generation = sd_v2_generation(sd);
+
+               if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode))
+                       set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+               else
+                       set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_6);
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = 0;
+               set_inode_sd_version(inode, STAT_DATA_V2);
+               inode_set_bytes(inode,
+                               to_real_used_space(inode, inode->i_blocks,
+                                                  SD_V2_SIZE));
+               /*
+                * read persistent inode attributes from sd and initialise
+                * generic inode flags from them
+                */
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs = sd_v2_attrs(sd);
+               sd_attrs_to_i_attrs(sd_v2_attrs(sd), inode);
+       }
+
+       pathrelse(path);
+       if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
+               inode->i_op = &reiserfs_file_inode_operations;
+               inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_file_operations;
+               inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations;
+       } else if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+               inode->i_op = &reiserfs_dir_inode_operations;
+               inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_dir_operations;
+       } else if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode)) {
+               inode->i_op = &reiserfs_symlink_inode_operations;
+               inode_nohighmem(inode);
+               inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations;
+       } else {
+               inode->i_blocks = 0;
+               inode->i_op = &reiserfs_special_inode_operations;
+               init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, new_decode_dev(rdev));
+       }
+}
+
+/* update new stat data with inode fields */
+static void inode2sd(void *sd, struct inode *inode, loff_t size)
+{
+       struct stat_data *sd_v2 = (struct stat_data *)sd;
+
+       set_sd_v2_mode(sd_v2, inode->i_mode);
+       set_sd_v2_nlink(sd_v2, inode->i_nlink);
+       set_sd_v2_uid(sd_v2, i_uid_read(inode));
+       set_sd_v2_size(sd_v2, size);
+       set_sd_v2_gid(sd_v2, i_gid_read(inode));
+       set_sd_v2_mtime(sd_v2, inode_get_mtime_sec(inode));
+       set_sd_v2_atime(sd_v2, inode_get_atime_sec(inode));
+       set_sd_v2_ctime(sd_v2, inode_get_ctime_sec(inode));
+       set_sd_v2_blocks(sd_v2, to_fake_used_blocks(inode, SD_V2_SIZE));
+       if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
+               set_sd_v2_rdev(sd_v2, new_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev));
+       else
+               set_sd_v2_generation(sd_v2, inode->i_generation);
+       set_sd_v2_attrs(sd_v2, REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs);
+}
+
+/* used to copy inode's fields to old stat data */
+static void inode2sd_v1(void *sd, struct inode *inode, loff_t size)
+{
+       struct stat_data_v1 *sd_v1 = (struct stat_data_v1 *)sd;
+
+       set_sd_v1_mode(sd_v1, inode->i_mode);
+       set_sd_v1_uid(sd_v1, i_uid_read(inode));
+       set_sd_v1_gid(sd_v1, i_gid_read(inode));
+       set_sd_v1_nlink(sd_v1, inode->i_nlink);
+       set_sd_v1_size(sd_v1, size);
+       set_sd_v1_atime(sd_v1, inode_get_atime_sec(inode));
+       set_sd_v1_ctime(sd_v1, inode_get_ctime_sec(inode));
+       set_sd_v1_mtime(sd_v1, inode_get_mtime_sec(inode));
+
+       if (S_ISCHR(inode->i_mode) || S_ISBLK(inode->i_mode))
+               set_sd_v1_rdev(sd_v1, new_encode_dev(inode->i_rdev));
+       else
+               set_sd_v1_blocks(sd_v1, to_fake_used_blocks(inode, SD_V1_SIZE));
+
+       /* Sigh. i_first_direct_byte is back */
+       set_sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sd_v1,
+                                   REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte);
+}
+
+/*
+ * NOTE, you must prepare the buffer head before sending it here,
+ * and then log it after the call
+ */
+static void update_stat_data(struct treepath *path, struct inode *inode,
+                            loff_t size)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+
+       bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path);
+       ih = tp_item_head(path);
+
+       if (!is_statdata_le_ih(ih))
+               reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "vs-13065", "key %k, found item %h",
+                              INODE_PKEY(inode), ih);
+
+       /* path points to old stat data */
+       if (stat_data_v1(ih)) {
+               inode2sd_v1(ih_item_body(bh, ih), inode, size);
+       } else {
+               inode2sd(ih_item_body(bh, ih), inode, size);
+       }
+
+       return;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_update_sd_size(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                            struct inode *inode, loff_t size)
+{
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       int fs_gen;
+       struct item_head *ih, tmp_ih;
+       int retval;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       /* key type is unimportant */
+       make_cpu_key(&key, inode, SD_OFFSET, TYPE_STAT_DATA, 3);
+
+       for (;;) {
+               int pos;
+               /* look for the object's stat data */
+               retval = search_item(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+               if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+                       reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "vs-13050",
+                                      "i/o failure occurred trying to "
+                                      "update %K stat data", &key);
+                       return;
+               }
+               if (retval == ITEM_NOT_FOUND) {
+                       pos = PATH_LAST_POSITION(&path);
+                       pathrelse(&path);
+                       if (inode->i_nlink == 0) {
+                               /*reiserfs_warning (inode->i_sb, "vs-13050: reiserfs_update_sd: i_nlink == 0, stat data not found"); */
+                               return;
+                       }
+                       reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "vs-13060",
+                                        "stat data of object %k (nlink == %d) "
+                                        "not found (pos %d)",
+                                        INODE_PKEY(inode), inode->i_nlink,
+                                        pos);
+                       reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * sigh, prepare_for_journal might schedule.  When it
+                * schedules the FS might change.  We have to detect that,
+                * and loop back to the search if the stat data item has moved
+                */
+               bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+               ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+               copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih);
+               fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb);
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1);
+
+               /* Stat_data item has been moved after scheduling. */
+               if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+                   && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+                       reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb, bh);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               break;
+       }
+       update_stat_data(&path, inode, size);
+       journal_mark_dirty(th, bh);
+       pathrelse(&path);
+       return;
+}
+
+/*
+ * reiserfs_read_locked_inode is called to read the inode off disk, and it
+ * does a make_bad_inode when things go wrong.  But, we need to make sure
+ * and clear the key in the private portion of the inode, otherwise a
+ * corresponding iput might try to delete whatever object the inode last
+ * represented.
+ */
+static void reiserfs_make_bad_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       memset(INODE_PKEY(inode), 0, KEY_SIZE);
+       make_bad_inode(inode);
+}
+
+/*
+ * initially this function was derived from minix or ext2's analog and
+ * evolved as the prototype did
+ */
+int reiserfs_init_locked_inode(struct inode *inode, void *p)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_iget_args *args = (struct reiserfs_iget_args *)p;
+       inode->i_ino = args->objectid;
+       INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id = cpu_to_le32(args->dirid);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * looks for stat data in the tree, and fills up the fields of in-core
+ * inode stat data fields
+ */
+void reiserfs_read_locked_inode(struct inode *inode,
+                               struct reiserfs_iget_args *args)
+{
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path_to_sd);
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       unsigned long dirino;
+       int retval;
+
+       dirino = args->dirid;
+
+       /*
+        * set version 1, version 2 could be used too, because stat data
+        * key is the same in both versions
+        */
+       _make_cpu_key(&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, dirino, inode->i_ino, 0, 0, 3);
+
+       /* look for the object's stat data */
+       retval = search_item(inode->i_sb, &key, &path_to_sd);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "vs-13070",
+                              "i/o failure occurred trying to find "
+                              "stat data of %K", &key);
+               reiserfs_make_bad_inode(inode);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* a stale NFS handle can trigger this without it being an error */
+       if (retval != ITEM_FOUND) {
+               pathrelse(&path_to_sd);
+               reiserfs_make_bad_inode(inode);
+               clear_nlink(inode);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       init_inode(inode, &path_to_sd);
+
+       /*
+        * It is possible that knfsd is trying to access inode of a file
+        * that is being removed from the disk by some other thread. As we
+        * update sd on unlink all that is required is to check for nlink
+        * here. This bug was first found by Sizif when debugging
+        * SquidNG/Butterfly, forgotten, and found again after Philippe
+        * Gramoulle <philippe.gramoulle@mmania.com> reproduced it.
+
+        * More logical fix would require changes in fs/inode.c:iput() to
+        * remove inode from hash-table _after_ fs cleaned disk stuff up and
+        * in iget() to return NULL if I_FREEING inode is found in
+        * hash-table.
+        */
+
+       /*
+        * Currently there is one place where it's ok to meet inode with
+        * nlink==0: processing of open-unlinked and half-truncated files
+        * during mount (fs/reiserfs/super.c:finish_unfinished()).
+        */
+       if ((inode->i_nlink == 0) &&
+           !REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->s_is_unlinked_ok) {
+               reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "vs-13075",
+                                "dead inode read from disk %K. "
+                                "This is likely to be race with knfsd. Ignore",
+                                &key);
+               reiserfs_make_bad_inode(inode);
+       }
+
+       /* init inode should be relsing */
+       reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_sd);
+
+       /*
+        * Stat data v1 doesn't support ACLs.
+        */
+       if (get_inode_sd_version(inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+               cache_no_acl(inode);
+}
+
+/*
+ * reiserfs_find_actor() - "find actor" reiserfs supplies to iget5_locked().
+ *
+ * @inode:    inode from hash table to check
+ * @opaque:   "cookie" passed to iget5_locked(). This is &reiserfs_iget_args.
+ *
+ * This function is called by iget5_locked() to distinguish reiserfs inodes
+ * having the same inode numbers. Such inodes can only exist due to some
+ * error condition. One of them should be bad. Inodes with identical
+ * inode numbers (objectids) are distinguished by parent directory ids.
+ *
+ */
+int reiserfs_find_actor(struct inode *inode, void *opaque)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_iget_args *args;
+
+       args = opaque;
+       /* args is already in CPU order */
+       return (inode->i_ino == args->objectid) &&
+           (le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id) == args->dirid);
+}
+
+struct inode *reiserfs_iget(struct super_block *s, const struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       struct inode *inode;
+       struct reiserfs_iget_args args;
+       int depth;
+
+       args.objectid = key->on_disk_key.k_objectid;
+       args.dirid = key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id;
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+       inode = iget5_locked(s, key->on_disk_key.k_objectid,
+                            reiserfs_find_actor, reiserfs_init_locked_inode,
+                            (void *)(&args));
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       if (!inode)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+       if (inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
+               reiserfs_read_locked_inode(inode, &args);
+               unlock_new_inode(inode);
+       }
+
+       if (comp_short_keys(INODE_PKEY(inode), key) || is_bad_inode(inode)) {
+               /* either due to i/o error or a stale NFS handle */
+               iput(inode);
+               inode = NULL;
+       }
+       return inode;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *reiserfs_get_dentry(struct super_block *sb,
+       u32 objectid, u32 dir_id, u32 generation)
+
+{
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       struct inode *inode;
+
+       key.on_disk_key.k_objectid = objectid;
+       key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = dir_id;
+       reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+       inode = reiserfs_iget(sb, &key);
+       if (inode && !IS_ERR(inode) && generation != 0 &&
+           generation != inode->i_generation) {
+               iput(inode);
+               inode = NULL;
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+
+       return d_obtain_alias(inode);
+}
+
+struct dentry *reiserfs_fh_to_dentry(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
+               int fh_len, int fh_type)
+{
+       /*
+        * fhtype happens to reflect the number of u32s encoded.
+        * due to a bug in earlier code, fhtype might indicate there
+        * are more u32s then actually fitted.
+        * so if fhtype seems to be more than len, reduce fhtype.
+        * Valid types are:
+        *   2 - objectid + dir_id - legacy support
+        *   3 - objectid + dir_id + generation
+        *   4 - objectid + dir_id + objectid and dirid of parent - legacy
+        *   5 - objectid + dir_id + generation + objectid and dirid of parent
+        *   6 - as above plus generation of directory
+        * 6 does not fit in NFSv2 handles
+        */
+       if (fh_type > fh_len) {
+               if (fh_type != 6 || fh_len != 5)
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "reiserfs-13077",
+                               "nfsd/reiserfs, fhtype=%d, len=%d - odd",
+                               fh_type, fh_len);
+               fh_type = fh_len;
+       }
+       if (fh_len < 2)
+               return NULL;
+
+       return reiserfs_get_dentry(sb, fid->raw[0], fid->raw[1],
+               (fh_type == 3 || fh_type >= 5) ? fid->raw[2] : 0);
+}
+
+struct dentry *reiserfs_fh_to_parent(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
+               int fh_len, int fh_type)
+{
+       if (fh_type > fh_len)
+               fh_type = fh_len;
+       if (fh_type < 4)
+               return NULL;
+
+       return reiserfs_get_dentry(sb,
+               (fh_type >= 5) ? fid->raw[3] : fid->raw[2],
+               (fh_type >= 5) ? fid->raw[4] : fid->raw[3],
+               (fh_type == 6) ? fid->raw[5] : 0);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_encode_fh(struct inode *inode, __u32 * data, int *lenp,
+                      struct inode *parent)
+{
+       int maxlen = *lenp;
+
+       if (parent && (maxlen < 5)) {
+               *lenp = 5;
+               return FILEID_INVALID;
+       } else if (maxlen < 3) {
+               *lenp = 3;
+               return FILEID_INVALID;
+       }
+
+       data[0] = inode->i_ino;
+       data[1] = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id);
+       data[2] = inode->i_generation;
+       *lenp = 3;
+       if (parent) {
+               data[3] = parent->i_ino;
+               data[4] = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(parent)->k_dir_id);
+               *lenp = 5;
+               if (maxlen >= 6) {
+                       data[5] = parent->i_generation;
+                       *lenp = 6;
+               }
+       }
+       return *lenp;
+}
+
+/*
+ * looks for stat data, then copies fields to it, marks the buffer
+ * containing stat data as dirty
+ */
+/*
+ * reiserfs inodes are never really dirty, since the dirty inode call
+ * always logs them.  This call allows the VFS inode marking routines
+ * to properly mark inodes for datasync and such, but only actually
+ * does something when called for a synchronous update.
+ */
+int reiserfs_write_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int jbegin_count = 1;
+
+       if (sb_rdonly(inode->i_sb))
+               return -EROFS;
+       /*
+        * memory pressure can sometimes initiate write_inode calls with
+        * sync == 1,
+        * these cases are just when the system needs ram, not when the
+        * inode needs to reach disk for safety, and they can safely be
+        * ignored because the altered inode has already been logged.
+        */
+       if (wbc->sync_mode == WB_SYNC_ALL && !(current->flags & PF_MEMALLOC)) {
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+               if (!journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count)) {
+                       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+                       journal_end_sync(&th);
+               }
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * stat data of new object is inserted already, this inserts the item
+ * containing "." and ".." entries
+ */
+static int reiserfs_new_directory(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                 struct inode *inode,
+                                 struct item_head *ih, struct treepath *path,
+                                 struct inode *dir)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+       char empty_dir[EMPTY_DIR_SIZE];
+       char *body = empty_dir;
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       int retval;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       _make_cpu_key(&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_dir_id),
+                     le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_objectid), DOT_OFFSET,
+                     TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3 /*key length */ );
+
+       /*
+        * compose item head for new item. Directories consist of items of
+        * old type (ITEM_VERSION_1). Do not set key (second arg is 0), it
+        * is done by reiserfs_new_inode
+        */
+       if (old_format_only(sb)) {
+               make_le_item_head(ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, DOT_OFFSET,
+                                 TYPE_DIRENTRY, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1, 2);
+
+               make_empty_dir_item_v1(body, ih->ih_key.k_dir_id,
+                                      ih->ih_key.k_objectid,
+                                      INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_dir_id,
+                                      INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid);
+       } else {
+               make_le_item_head(ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, DOT_OFFSET,
+                                 TYPE_DIRENTRY, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE, 2);
+
+               make_empty_dir_item(body, ih->ih_key.k_dir_id,
+                                   ih->ih_key.k_objectid,
+                                   INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_dir_id,
+                                   INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid);
+       }
+
+       /* look for place in the tree for new item */
+       retval = search_item(sb, &key, path);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               reiserfs_error(sb, "vs-13080",
+                              "i/o failure occurred creating new directory");
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+       if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+               pathrelse(path);
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "vs-13070",
+                                "object with this key exists (%k)",
+                                &(ih->ih_key));
+               return -EEXIST;
+       }
+
+       /* insert item, that is empty directory item */
+       return reiserfs_insert_item(th, path, &key, ih, inode, body);
+}
+
+/*
+ * stat data of object has been inserted, this inserts the item
+ * containing the body of symlink
+ */
+static int reiserfs_new_symlink(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                               struct inode *inode,
+                               struct item_head *ih,
+                               struct treepath *path, const char *symname,
+                               int item_len)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       int retval;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       _make_cpu_key(&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_5,
+                     le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_dir_id),
+                     le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_objectid),
+                     1, TYPE_DIRECT, 3 /*key length */ );
+
+       make_le_item_head(ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, 1, TYPE_DIRECT, item_len,
+                         0 /*free_space */ );
+
+       /* look for place in the tree for new item */
+       retval = search_item(sb, &key, path);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               reiserfs_error(sb, "vs-13080",
+                              "i/o failure occurred creating new symlink");
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+       if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+               pathrelse(path);
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "vs-13080",
+                                "object with this key exists (%k)",
+                                &(ih->ih_key));
+               return -EEXIST;
+       }
+
+       /* insert item, that is body of symlink */
+       return reiserfs_insert_item(th, path, &key, ih, inode, symname);
+}
+
+/*
+ * inserts the stat data into the tree, and then calls
+ * reiserfs_new_directory (to insert ".", ".." item if new object is
+ * directory) or reiserfs_new_symlink (to insert symlink body if new
+ * object is symlink) or nothing (if new object is regular file)
+
+ * NOTE! uid and gid must already be set in the inode.  If we return
+ * non-zero due to an error, we have to drop the quota previously allocated
+ * for the fresh inode.  This can only be done outside a transaction, so
+ * if we return non-zero, we also end the transaction.
+ *
+ * @th: active transaction handle
+ * @dir: parent directory for new inode
+ * @mode: mode of new inode
+ * @symname: symlink contents if inode is symlink
+ * @isize: 0 for regular file, EMPTY_DIR_SIZE for dirs, strlen(symname) for
+ *         symlinks
+ * @inode: inode to be filled
+ * @security: optional security context to associate with this inode
+ */
+int reiserfs_new_inode(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                      struct inode *dir, umode_t mode, const char *symname,
+                      /* 0 for regular, EMTRY_DIR_SIZE for dirs,
+                         strlen (symname) for symlinks) */
+                      loff_t i_size, struct dentry *dentry,
+                      struct inode *inode,
+                      struct reiserfs_security_handle *security)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = dir->i_sb;
+       struct reiserfs_iget_args args;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path_to_key);
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       struct item_head ih;
+       struct stat_data sd;
+       int retval;
+       int err;
+       int depth;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+       err = dquot_alloc_inode(inode);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+       if (err)
+               goto out_end_trans;
+       if (!dir->i_nlink) {
+               err = -EPERM;
+               goto out_bad_inode;
+       }
+
+       /* item head of new item */
+       ih.ih_key.k_dir_id = reiserfs_choose_packing(dir);
+       ih.ih_key.k_objectid = cpu_to_le32(reiserfs_get_unused_objectid(th));
+       if (!ih.ih_key.k_objectid) {
+               err = -ENOMEM;
+               goto out_bad_inode;
+       }
+       args.objectid = inode->i_ino = le32_to_cpu(ih.ih_key.k_objectid);
+       if (old_format_only(sb))
+               make_le_item_head(&ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_5, SD_OFFSET,
+                                 TYPE_STAT_DATA, SD_V1_SIZE, MAX_US_INT);
+       else
+               make_le_item_head(&ih, NULL, KEY_FORMAT_3_6, SD_OFFSET,
+                                 TYPE_STAT_DATA, SD_SIZE, MAX_US_INT);
+       memcpy(INODE_PKEY(inode), &ih.ih_key, KEY_SIZE);
+       args.dirid = le32_to_cpu(ih.ih_key.k_dir_id);
+
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+       err = insert_inode_locked4(inode, args.objectid,
+                            reiserfs_find_actor, &args);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+       if (err) {
+               err = -EINVAL;
+               goto out_bad_inode;
+       }
+
+       if (old_format_only(sb))
+               /*
+                * not a perfect generation count, as object ids can be reused,
+                * but this is as good as reiserfs can do right now.
+                * note that the private part of inode isn't filled in yet,
+                * we have to use the directory.
+                */
+               inode->i_generation = le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(dir)->k_objectid);
+       else
+#if defined( USE_INODE_GENERATION_COUNTER )
+               inode->i_generation =
+                   le32_to_cpu(REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_rs->s_inode_generation);
+#else
+               inode->i_generation = ++event;
+#endif
+
+       /* fill stat data */
+       set_nlink(inode, (S_ISDIR(mode) ? 2 : 1));
+
+       /* uid and gid must already be set by the caller for quota init */
+
+       simple_inode_init_ts(inode);
+       inode->i_size = i_size;
+       inode->i_blocks = 0;
+       inode->i_bytes = 0;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = S_ISLNK(mode) ? 1 :
+           U32_MAX /*NO_BYTES_IN_DIRECT_ITEM */ ;
+
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_list);
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags = 0;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_block = 0;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count = 0;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id = 0;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl = NULL;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs =
+           REISERFS_I(dir)->i_attrs & REISERFS_INHERIT_MASK;
+       sd_attrs_to_i_attrs(REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs, inode);
+       reiserfs_init_xattr_rwsem(inode);
+
+       /* key to search for correct place for new stat data */
+       _make_cpu_key(&key, KEY_FORMAT_3_6, le32_to_cpu(ih.ih_key.k_dir_id),
+                     le32_to_cpu(ih.ih_key.k_objectid), SD_OFFSET,
+                     TYPE_STAT_DATA, 3 /*key length */ );
+
+       /* find proper place for inserting of stat data */
+       retval = search_item(sb, &key, &path_to_key);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               err = -EIO;
+               goto out_bad_inode;
+       }
+       if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+               pathrelse(&path_to_key);
+               err = -EEXIST;
+               goto out_bad_inode;
+       }
+       if (old_format_only(sb)) {
+               /* i_uid or i_gid is too big to be stored in stat data v3.5 */
+               if (i_uid_read(inode) & ~0xffff || i_gid_read(inode) & ~0xffff) {
+                       pathrelse(&path_to_key);
+                       err = -EINVAL;
+                       goto out_bad_inode;
+               }
+               inode2sd_v1(&sd, inode, inode->i_size);
+       } else {
+               inode2sd(&sd, inode, inode->i_size);
+       }
+       /*
+        * store in in-core inode the key of stat data and version all
+        * object items will have (directory items will have old offset
+        * format, other new objects will consist of new items)
+        */
+       if (old_format_only(sb) || S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode))
+               set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+       else
+               set_inode_item_key_version(inode, KEY_FORMAT_3_6);
+       if (old_format_only(sb))
+               set_inode_sd_version(inode, STAT_DATA_V1);
+       else
+               set_inode_sd_version(inode, STAT_DATA_V2);
+
+       /* insert the stat data into the tree */
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+       if (REISERFS_I(dir)->new_packing_locality)
+               th->displace_new_blocks = 1;
+#endif
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_insert_item(th, &path_to_key, &key, &ih, inode,
+                                (char *)(&sd));
+       if (retval) {
+               err = retval;
+               reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+               goto out_bad_inode;
+       }
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+       if (!th->displace_new_blocks)
+               REISERFS_I(dir)->new_packing_locality = 0;
+#endif
+       if (S_ISDIR(mode)) {
+               /* insert item with "." and ".." */
+               retval =
+                   reiserfs_new_directory(th, inode, &ih, &path_to_key, dir);
+       }
+
+       if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
+               /* insert body of symlink */
+               if (!old_format_only(sb))
+                       i_size = ROUND_UP(i_size);
+               retval =
+                   reiserfs_new_symlink(th, inode, &ih, &path_to_key, symname,
+                                        i_size);
+       }
+       if (retval) {
+               err = retval;
+               reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+               journal_end(th);
+               goto out_inserted_sd;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Mark it private if we're creating the privroot
+        * or something under it.
+        */
+       if (IS_PRIVATE(dir) || dentry == REISERFS_SB(sb)->priv_root)
+               reiserfs_init_priv_inode(inode);
+
+       if (reiserfs_posixacl(inode->i_sb)) {
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+               retval = reiserfs_inherit_default_acl(th, dir, dentry, inode);
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+               if (retval) {
+                       err = retval;
+                       reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+                       journal_end(th);
+                       goto out_inserted_sd;
+               }
+       } else if (inode->i_sb->s_flags & SB_POSIXACL) {
+               reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "jdm-13090",
+                                "ACLs aren't enabled in the fs, "
+                                "but vfs thinks they are!");
+       }
+
+       if (security->name) {
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+               retval = reiserfs_security_write(th, inode, security);
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+               if (retval) {
+                       err = retval;
+                       reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+                       retval = journal_end(th);
+                       if (retval)
+                               err = retval;
+                       goto out_inserted_sd;
+               }
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+       reiserfs_check_path(&path_to_key);
+
+       return 0;
+
+out_bad_inode:
+       /* Invalidate the object, nothing was inserted yet */
+       INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid = 0;
+
+       /* Quota change must be inside a transaction for journaling */
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+       dquot_free_inode(inode);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+
+out_end_trans:
+       journal_end(th);
+       /*
+        * Drop can be outside and it needs more credits so it's better
+        * to have it outside
+        */
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+       dquot_drop(inode);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+       inode->i_flags |= S_NOQUOTA;
+       make_bad_inode(inode);
+
+out_inserted_sd:
+       clear_nlink(inode);
+       th->t_trans_id = 0;     /* so the caller can't use this handle later */
+       if (inode->i_state & I_NEW)
+               unlock_new_inode(inode);
+       iput(inode);
+       return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * finds the tail page in the page cache,
+ * reads the last block in.
+ *
+ * On success, page_result is set to a locked, pinned page, and bh_result
+ * is set to an up to date buffer for the last block in the file.  returns 0.
+ *
+ * tail conversion is not done, so bh_result might not be valid for writing
+ * check buffer_mapped(bh_result) and bh_result->b_blocknr != 0 before
+ * trying to write the block.
+ *
+ * on failure, nonzero is returned, page_result and bh_result are untouched.
+ */
+static int grab_tail_page(struct inode *inode,
+                         struct page **page_result,
+                         struct buffer_head **bh_result)
+{
+
+       /*
+        * we want the page with the last byte in the file,
+        * not the page that will hold the next byte for appending
+        */
+       unsigned long index = (inode->i_size - 1) >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+       unsigned long pos = 0;
+       unsigned long start = 0;
+       unsigned long blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+       unsigned long offset = (inode->i_size) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct buffer_head *head;
+       struct folio *folio;
+       int error;
+
+       /*
+        * we know that we are only called with inode->i_size > 0.
+        * we also know that a file tail can never be as big as a block
+        * If i_size % blocksize == 0, our file is currently block aligned
+        * and it won't need converting or zeroing after a truncate.
+        */
+       if ((offset & (blocksize - 1)) == 0) {
+               return -ENOENT;
+       }
+       folio = __filemap_get_folio(inode->i_mapping, index,
+                       FGP_LOCK | FGP_ACCESSED | FGP_CREAT,
+                       mapping_gfp_mask(inode->i_mapping));
+       if (IS_ERR(folio))
+               return PTR_ERR(folio);
+       /* start within the page of the last block in the file */
+       start = (offset / blocksize) * blocksize;
+
+       error = __block_write_begin(folio, start, offset - start,
+                                   reiserfs_get_block_create_0);
+       if (error)
+               goto unlock;
+
+       head = folio_buffers(folio);
+       bh = head;
+       do {
+               if (pos >= start) {
+                       break;
+               }
+               bh = bh->b_this_page;
+               pos += blocksize;
+       } while (bh != head);
+
+       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+               /*
+                * note, this should never happen, prepare_write should be
+                * taking care of this for us.  If the buffer isn't up to
+                * date, I've screwed up the code to find the buffer, or the
+                * code to call prepare_write
+                */
+               reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "clm-6000",
+                              "error reading block %lu", bh->b_blocknr);
+               error = -EIO;
+               goto unlock;
+       }
+       *bh_result = bh;
+       *page_result = &folio->page;
+
+       return error;
+
+unlock:
+       folio_unlock(folio);
+       folio_put(folio);
+       return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * vfs version of truncate file.  Must NOT be called with
+ * a transaction already started.
+ *
+ * some code taken from block_truncate_page
+ */
+int reiserfs_truncate_file(struct inode *inode, int update_timestamps)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       /* we want the offset for the first byte after the end of the file */
+       unsigned long offset = inode->i_size & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+       unsigned blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+       unsigned length;
+       struct page *page = NULL;
+       int error;
+       struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
+       int err2;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       if (inode->i_size > 0) {
+               error = grab_tail_page(inode, &page, &bh);
+               if (error) {
+                       /*
+                        * -ENOENT means we truncated past the end of the
+                        * file, and get_block_create_0 could not find a
+                        * block to read in, which is ok.
+                        */
+                       if (error != -ENOENT)
+                               reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "clm-6001",
+                                              "grab_tail_page failed %d",
+                                              error);
+                       page = NULL;
+                       bh = NULL;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * so, if page != NULL, we have a buffer head for the offset at
+        * the end of the file. if the bh is mapped, and bh->b_blocknr != 0,
+        * then we have an unformatted node.  Otherwise, we have a direct item,
+        * and no zeroing is required on disk.  We zero after the truncate,
+        * because the truncate might pack the item anyway
+        * (it will unmap bh if it packs).
+        *
+        * it is enough to reserve space in transaction for 2 balancings:
+        * one for "save" link adding and another for the first
+        * cut_from_item. 1 is for update_sd
+        */
+       error = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb,
+                             JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 1);
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       if (update_timestamps)
+               /*
+                * we are doing real truncate: if the system crashes
+                * before the last transaction of truncating gets committed
+                * - on reboot the file either appears truncated properly
+                * or not truncated at all
+                */
+               add_save_link(&th, inode, 1);
+       err2 = reiserfs_do_truncate(&th, inode, page, update_timestamps);
+       error = journal_end(&th);
+       if (error)
+               goto out;
+
+       /* check reiserfs_do_truncate after ending the transaction */
+       if (err2) {
+               error = err2;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       
+       if (update_timestamps) {
+               error = remove_save_link(inode, 1 /* truncate */);
+               if (error)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+       if (page) {
+               length = offset & (blocksize - 1);
+               /* if we are not on a block boundary */
+               if (length) {
+                       length = blocksize - length;
+                       zero_user(page, offset, length);
+                       if (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr != 0) {
+                               mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+                       }
+               }
+               unlock_page(page);
+               put_page(page);
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       return 0;
+out:
+       if (page) {
+               unlock_page(page);
+               put_page(page);
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+static int map_block_for_writepage(struct inode *inode,
+                                  struct buffer_head *bh_result,
+                                  unsigned long block)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int fs_gen;
+       struct item_head tmp_ih;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       __le32 *item;
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       int pos_in_item;
+       int jbegin_count = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT;
+       loff_t byte_offset = ((loff_t)block << inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits)+1;
+       int retval;
+       int use_get_block = 0;
+       int bytes_copied = 0;
+       int copy_size;
+       int trans_running = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * catch places below that try to log something without
+        * starting a trans
+        */
+       th.t_trans_id = 0;
+
+       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh_result)) {
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+
+       kmap(bh_result->b_page);
+start_over:
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       make_cpu_key(&key, inode, byte_offset, TYPE_ANY, 3);
+
+research:
+       retval = search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+       if (retval != POSITION_FOUND) {
+               use_get_block = 1;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+       ih = tp_item_head(&path);
+       item = tp_item_body(&path);
+       pos_in_item = path.pos_in_item;
+
+       /* we've found an unformatted node */
+       if (indirect_item_found(retval, ih)) {
+               if (bytes_copied > 0) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "clm-6002",
+                                        "bytes_copied %d", bytes_copied);
+               }
+               if (!get_block_num(item, pos_in_item)) {
+                       /* crap, we are writing to a hole */
+                       use_get_block = 1;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+               set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result,
+                                    get_block_num(item, pos_in_item), inode);
+       } else if (is_direct_le_ih(ih)) {
+               char *p;
+               p = page_address(bh_result->b_page);
+               p += (byte_offset - 1) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+               copy_size = ih_item_len(ih) - pos_in_item;
+
+               fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb);
+               copy_item_head(&tmp_ih, ih);
+
+               if (!trans_running) {
+                       /* vs-3050 is gone, no need to drop the path */
+                       retval = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+                       if (retval)
+                               goto out;
+                       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+                       trans_running = 1;
+                       if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+                           && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb,
+                                                                bh);
+                               goto research;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(inode->i_sb, bh, 1);
+
+               if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)
+                   && item_moved(&tmp_ih, &path)) {
+                       reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(inode->i_sb, bh);
+                       goto research;
+               }
+
+               memcpy(ih_item_body(bh, ih) + pos_in_item, p + bytes_copied,
+                      copy_size);
+
+               journal_mark_dirty(&th, bh);
+               bytes_copied += copy_size;
+               set_block_dev_mapped(bh_result, 0, inode);
+
+               /* are there still bytes left? */
+               if (bytes_copied < bh_result->b_size &&
+                   (byte_offset + bytes_copied) < inode->i_size) {
+                       set_cpu_key_k_offset(&key,
+                                            cpu_key_k_offset(&key) +
+                                            copy_size);
+                       goto research;
+               }
+       } else {
+               reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "clm-6003",
+                                "bad item inode %lu", inode->i_ino);
+               retval = -EIO;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       retval = 0;
+
+out:
+       pathrelse(&path);
+       if (trans_running) {
+               int err = journal_end(&th);
+               if (err)
+                       retval = err;
+               trans_running = 0;
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       /* this is where we fill in holes in the file. */
+       if (use_get_block) {
+               retval = reiserfs_get_block(inode, block, bh_result,
+                                           GET_BLOCK_CREATE | GET_BLOCK_NO_IMUX
+                                           | GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE);
+               if (!retval) {
+                       if (!buffer_mapped(bh_result)
+                           || bh_result->b_blocknr == 0) {
+                               /* get_block failed to find a mapped unformatted node. */
+                               use_get_block = 0;
+                               goto start_over;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       kunmap(bh_result->b_page);
+
+       if (!retval && buffer_mapped(bh_result) && bh_result->b_blocknr == 0) {
+               /*
+                * we've copied data from the page into the direct item, so the
+                * buffer in the page is now clean, mark it to reflect that.
+                */
+               lock_buffer(bh_result);
+               clear_buffer_dirty(bh_result);
+               unlock_buffer(bh_result);
+       }
+       return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * mason@suse.com: updated in 2.5.54 to follow the same general io
+ * start/recovery path as __block_write_full_folio, along with special
+ * code to handle reiserfs tails.
+ */
+static int reiserfs_write_folio(struct folio *folio,
+               struct writeback_control *wbc, void *data)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
+       unsigned long end_index = inode->i_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+       int error = 0;
+       unsigned long block;
+       sector_t last_block;
+       struct buffer_head *head, *bh;
+       int partial = 0;
+       int nr = 0;
+       int checked = folio_test_checked(folio);
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       struct super_block *s = inode->i_sb;
+       int bh_per_page = PAGE_SIZE / s->s_blocksize;
+       th.t_trans_id = 0;
+
+       /* no logging allowed when nonblocking or from PF_MEMALLOC */
+       if (checked && (current->flags & PF_MEMALLOC)) {
+               folio_redirty_for_writepage(wbc, folio);
+               folio_unlock(folio);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * The folio dirty bit is cleared before writepage is called, which
+        * means we have to tell create_empty_buffers to make dirty buffers
+        * The folio really should be up to date at this point, so tossing
+        * in the BH_Uptodate is just a sanity check.
+        */
+       head = folio_buffers(folio);
+       if (!head)
+               head = create_empty_buffers(folio, s->s_blocksize,
+                                    (1 << BH_Dirty) | (1 << BH_Uptodate));
+
+       /*
+        * last folio in the file, zero out any contents past the
+        * last byte in the file
+        */
+       if (folio->index >= end_index) {
+               unsigned last_offset;
+
+               last_offset = inode->i_size & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+               /* no file contents in this folio */
+               if (folio->index >= end_index + 1 || !last_offset) {
+                       folio_unlock(folio);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               folio_zero_segment(folio, last_offset, folio_size(folio));
+       }
+       bh = head;
+       block = folio->index << (PAGE_SHIFT - s->s_blocksize_bits);
+       last_block = (i_size_read(inode) - 1) >> inode->i_blkbits;
+       /* first map all the buffers, logging any direct items we find */
+       do {
+               if (block > last_block) {
+                       /*
+                        * This can happen when the block size is less than
+                        * the folio size.  The corresponding bytes in the folio
+                        * were zero filled above
+                        */
+                       clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+                       set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+               } else if ((checked || buffer_dirty(bh)) &&
+                          (!buffer_mapped(bh) || bh->b_blocknr == 0)) {
+                       /*
+                        * not mapped yet, or it points to a direct item, search
+                        * the btree for the mapping info, and log any direct
+                        * items found
+                        */
+                       if ((error = map_block_for_writepage(inode, bh, block))) {
+                               goto fail;
+                       }
+               }
+               bh = bh->b_this_page;
+               block++;
+       } while (bh != head);
+
+       /*
+        * we start the transaction after map_block_for_writepage,
+        * because it can create holes in the file (an unbounded operation).
+        * starting it here, we can make a reliable estimate for how many
+        * blocks we're going to log
+        */
+       if (checked) {
+               folio_clear_checked(folio);
+               reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+               error = journal_begin(&th, s, bh_per_page + 1);
+               if (error) {
+                       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+                       goto fail;
+               }
+               reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       }
+       /* now go through and lock any dirty buffers on the folio */
+       do {
+               get_bh(bh);
+               if (!buffer_mapped(bh))
+                       continue;
+               if (buffer_mapped(bh) && bh->b_blocknr == 0)
+                       continue;
+
+               if (checked) {
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 1);
+                       journal_mark_dirty(&th, bh);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               /*
+                * from this point on, we know the buffer is mapped to a
+                * real block and not a direct item
+                */
+               if (wbc->sync_mode != WB_SYNC_NONE) {
+                       lock_buffer(bh);
+               } else {
+                       if (!trylock_buffer(bh)) {
+                               folio_redirty_for_writepage(wbc, folio);
+                               continue;
+                       }
+               }
+               if (test_clear_buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+                       mark_buffer_async_write(bh);
+               } else {
+                       unlock_buffer(bh);
+               }
+       } while ((bh = bh->b_this_page) != head);
+
+       if (checked) {
+               error = journal_end(&th);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+               if (error)
+                       goto fail;
+       }
+       BUG_ON(folio_test_writeback(folio));
+       folio_start_writeback(folio);
+       folio_unlock(folio);
+
+       /*
+        * since any buffer might be the only dirty buffer on the folio,
+        * the first submit_bh can bring the folio out of writeback.
+        * be careful with the buffers.
+        */
+       do {
+               struct buffer_head *next = bh->b_this_page;
+               if (buffer_async_write(bh)) {
+                       submit_bh(REQ_OP_WRITE, bh);
+                       nr++;
+               }
+               put_bh(bh);
+               bh = next;
+       } while (bh != head);
+
+       error = 0;
+done:
+       if (nr == 0) {
+               /*
+                * if this folio only had a direct item, it is very possible for
+                * no io to be required without there being an error.  Or,
+                * someone else could have locked them and sent them down the
+                * pipe without locking the folio
+                */
+               bh = head;
+               do {
+                       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+                               partial = 1;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       bh = bh->b_this_page;
+               } while (bh != head);
+               if (!partial)
+                       folio_mark_uptodate(folio);
+               folio_end_writeback(folio);
+       }
+       return error;
+
+fail:
+       /*
+        * catches various errors, we need to make sure any valid dirty blocks
+        * get to the media.  The folio is currently locked and not marked for
+        * writeback
+        */
+       folio_clear_uptodate(folio);
+       bh = head;
+       do {
+               get_bh(bh);
+               if (buffer_mapped(bh) && buffer_dirty(bh) && bh->b_blocknr) {
+                       lock_buffer(bh);
+                       mark_buffer_async_write(bh);
+               } else {
+                       /*
+                        * clear any dirty bits that might have come from
+                        * getting attached to a dirty folio
+                        */
+                       clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+               }
+               bh = bh->b_this_page;
+       } while (bh != head);
+       BUG_ON(folio_test_writeback(folio));
+       folio_start_writeback(folio);
+       folio_unlock(folio);
+       do {
+               struct buffer_head *next = bh->b_this_page;
+               if (buffer_async_write(bh)) {
+                       clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+                       submit_bh(REQ_OP_WRITE, bh);
+                       nr++;
+               }
+               put_bh(bh);
+               bh = next;
+       } while (bh != head);
+       goto done;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_read_folio(struct file *f, struct folio *folio)
+{
+       return block_read_full_folio(folio, reiserfs_get_block);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_writepages(struct address_space *mapping,
+               struct writeback_control *wbc)
+{
+       reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(mapping->host->i_sb);
+       return write_cache_pages(mapping, wbc, reiserfs_write_folio, NULL);
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_truncate_failed_write(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       truncate_inode_pages(inode->i_mapping, inode->i_size);
+       reiserfs_truncate_file(inode, 0);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_write_begin(struct file *file,
+                               struct address_space *mapping,
+                               loff_t pos, unsigned len,
+                               struct folio **foliop, void **fsdata)
+{
+       struct inode *inode;
+       struct folio *folio;
+       pgoff_t index;
+       int ret;
+       int old_ref = 0;
+
+       inode = mapping->host;
+       index = pos >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+       folio = __filemap_get_folio(mapping, index, FGP_WRITEBEGIN,
+                       mapping_gfp_mask(mapping));
+       if (IS_ERR(folio))
+               return PTR_ERR(folio);
+       *foliop = folio;
+
+       reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb);
+       fix_tail_page_for_writing(&folio->page);
+       if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th;
+               th = (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *)current->
+                   journal_info;
+               BUG_ON(!th->t_refcount);
+               BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+               old_ref = th->t_refcount;
+               th->t_refcount++;
+       }
+       ret = __block_write_begin(folio, pos, len, reiserfs_get_block);
+       if (ret && reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = current->journal_info;
+               /*
+                * this gets a little ugly.  If reiserfs_get_block returned an
+                * error and left a transacstion running, we've got to close
+                * it, and we've got to free handle if it was a persistent
+                * transaction.
+                *
+                * But, if we had nested into an existing transaction, we need
+                * to just drop the ref count on the handle.
+                *
+                * If old_ref == 0, the transaction is from reiserfs_get_block,
+                * and it was a persistent trans.  Otherwise, it was nested
+                * above.
+                */
+               if (th->t_refcount > old_ref) {
+                       if (old_ref)
+                               th->t_refcount--;
+                       else {
+                               int err;
+                               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+                               err = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+                               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+                               if (err)
+                                       ret = err;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       if (ret) {
+               folio_unlock(folio);
+               folio_put(folio);
+               /* Truncate allocated blocks */
+               reiserfs_truncate_failed_write(inode);
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
+int __reiserfs_write_begin(struct page *page, unsigned from, unsigned len)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+       int ret;
+       int old_ref = 0;
+       int depth;
+
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+       reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+
+       fix_tail_page_for_writing(page);
+       if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th;
+               th = (struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *)current->
+                   journal_info;
+               BUG_ON(!th->t_refcount);
+               BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+               old_ref = th->t_refcount;
+               th->t_refcount++;
+       }
+
+       ret = __block_write_begin(page_folio(page), from, len, reiserfs_get_block);
+       if (ret && reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = current->journal_info;
+               /*
+                * this gets a little ugly.  If reiserfs_get_block returned an
+                * error and left a transacstion running, we've got to close
+                * it, and we've got to free handle if it was a persistent
+                * transaction.
+                *
+                * But, if we had nested into an existing transaction, we need
+                * to just drop the ref count on the handle.
+                *
+                * If old_ref == 0, the transaction is from reiserfs_get_block,
+                * and it was a persistent trans.  Otherwise, it was nested
+                * above.
+                */
+               if (th->t_refcount > old_ref) {
+                       if (old_ref)
+                               th->t_refcount--;
+                       else {
+                               int err;
+                               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+                               err = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+                               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+                               if (err)
+                                       ret = err;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       return ret;
+
+}
+
+static sector_t reiserfs_aop_bmap(struct address_space *as, sector_t block)
+{
+       return generic_block_bmap(as, block, reiserfs_bmap);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_write_end(struct file *file, struct address_space *mapping,
+                             loff_t pos, unsigned len, unsigned copied,
+                             struct folio *folio, void *fsdata)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
+       int ret = 0;
+       int update_sd = 0;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th;
+       unsigned start;
+       bool locked = false;
+
+       reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb);
+       if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb))
+               th = current->journal_info;
+       else
+               th = NULL;
+
+       start = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+       if (unlikely(copied < len)) {
+               if (!folio_test_uptodate(folio))
+                       copied = 0;
+
+               folio_zero_new_buffers(folio, start + copied, start + len);
+       }
+       flush_dcache_folio(folio);
+
+       reiserfs_commit_page(inode, &folio->page, start, start + copied);
+
+       /*
+        * generic_commit_write does this for us, but does not update the
+        * transaction tracking stuff when the size changes.  So, we have
+        * to do the i_size updates here.
+        */
+       if (pos + copied > inode->i_size) {
+               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle myth;
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+               locked = true;
+               /*
+                * If the file have grown beyond the border where it
+                * can have a tail, unmark it as needing a tail
+                * packing
+                */
+               if ((have_large_tails(inode->i_sb)
+                    && inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode) * 4)
+                   || (have_small_tails(inode->i_sb)
+                       && inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode)))
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask;
+
+               ret = journal_begin(&myth, inode->i_sb, 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto journal_error;
+
+               reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+               inode->i_size = pos + copied;
+               /*
+                * this will just nest into our transaction.  It's important
+                * to use mark_inode_dirty so the inode gets pushed around on
+                * the dirty lists, and so that O_SYNC works as expected
+                */
+               mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+               reiserfs_update_sd(&myth, inode);
+               update_sd = 1;
+               ret = journal_end(&myth);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto journal_error;
+       }
+       if (th) {
+               if (!locked) {
+                       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+                       locked = true;
+               }
+               if (!update_sd)
+                       mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+               ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+out:
+       if (locked)
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       folio_unlock(folio);
+       folio_put(folio);
+
+       if (pos + len > inode->i_size)
+               reiserfs_truncate_failed_write(inode);
+
+       return ret == 0 ? copied : ret;
+
+journal_error:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       locked = false;
+       if (th) {
+               if (!update_sd)
+                       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+               ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+       }
+       goto out;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_commit_write(struct file *f, struct page *page,
+                         unsigned from, unsigned to)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = page->mapping->host;
+       loff_t pos = ((loff_t) page->index << PAGE_SHIFT) + to;
+       int ret = 0;
+       int update_sd = 0;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = NULL;
+       int depth;
+
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+       reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(inode->i_sb);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+
+       if (reiserfs_transaction_running(inode->i_sb)) {
+               th = current->journal_info;
+       }
+       reiserfs_commit_page(inode, page, from, to);
+
+       /*
+        * generic_commit_write does this for us, but does not update the
+        * transaction tracking stuff when the size changes.  So, we have
+        * to do the i_size updates here.
+        */
+       if (pos > inode->i_size) {
+               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle myth;
+               /*
+                * If the file have grown beyond the border where it
+                * can have a tail, unmark it as needing a tail
+                * packing
+                */
+               if ((have_large_tails(inode->i_sb)
+                    && inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode) * 4)
+                   || (have_small_tails(inode->i_sb)
+                       && inode->i_size > i_block_size(inode)))
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask;
+
+               ret = journal_begin(&myth, inode->i_sb, 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto journal_error;
+
+               reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+               inode->i_size = pos;
+               /*
+                * this will just nest into our transaction.  It's important
+                * to use mark_inode_dirty so the inode gets pushed around
+                * on the dirty lists, and so that O_SYNC works as expected
+                */
+               mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+               reiserfs_update_sd(&myth, inode);
+               update_sd = 1;
+               ret = journal_end(&myth);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto journal_error;
+       }
+       if (th) {
+               if (!update_sd)
+                       mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+               ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+               if (ret)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+out:
+       return ret;
+
+journal_error:
+       if (th) {
+               if (!update_sd)
+                       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+               ret = reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(th);
+       }
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+void sd_attrs_to_i_attrs(__u16 sd_attrs, struct inode *inode)
+{
+       if (reiserfs_attrs(inode->i_sb)) {
+               if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_SYNC_FL)
+                       inode->i_flags |= S_SYNC;
+               else
+                       inode->i_flags &= ~S_SYNC;
+               if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL)
+                       inode->i_flags |= S_IMMUTABLE;
+               else
+                       inode->i_flags &= ~S_IMMUTABLE;
+               if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_APPEND_FL)
+                       inode->i_flags |= S_APPEND;
+               else
+                       inode->i_flags &= ~S_APPEND;
+               if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_NOATIME_FL)
+                       inode->i_flags |= S_NOATIME;
+               else
+                       inode->i_flags &= ~S_NOATIME;
+               if (sd_attrs & REISERFS_NOTAIL_FL)
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_nopack_mask;
+               else
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_nopack_mask;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * decide if this buffer needs to stay around for data logging or ordered
+ * write purposes
+ */
+static int invalidate_folio_can_drop(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       int ret = 1;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb);
+
+       lock_buffer(bh);
+       spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+       if (!buffer_mapped(bh)) {
+               goto free_jh;
+       }
+       /*
+        * the page is locked, and the only places that log a data buffer
+        * also lock the page.
+        */
+       if (reiserfs_file_data_log(inode)) {
+               /*
+                * very conservative, leave the buffer pinned if
+                * anyone might need it.
+                */
+               if (buffer_journaled(bh) || buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+                       ret = 0;
+               }
+       } else  if (buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+               struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+               struct reiserfs_jh *jh = bh->b_private;
+
+               /*
+                * why is this safe?
+                * reiserfs_setattr updates i_size in the on disk
+                * stat data before allowing vmtruncate to be called.
+                *
+                * If buffer was put onto the ordered list for this
+                * transaction, we know for sure either this transaction
+                * or an older one already has updated i_size on disk,
+                * and this ordered data won't be referenced in the file
+                * if we crash.
+                *
+                * if the buffer was put onto the ordered list for an older
+                * transaction, we need to leave it around
+                */
+               if (jh && (jl = jh->jl)
+                   && jl != SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb)->j_current_jl)
+                       ret = 0;
+       }
+free_jh:
+       if (ret && bh->b_private) {
+               reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+       }
+       spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+       unlock_buffer(bh);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/* clm -- taken from fs/buffer.c:block_invalidate_folio */
+static void reiserfs_invalidate_folio(struct folio *folio, size_t offset,
+                                   size_t length)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *head, *bh, *next;
+       struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
+       unsigned int curr_off = 0;
+       unsigned int stop = offset + length;
+       int partial_page = (offset || length < folio_size(folio));
+       int ret = 1;
+
+       BUG_ON(!folio_test_locked(folio));
+
+       if (!partial_page)
+               folio_clear_checked(folio);
+
+       head = folio_buffers(folio);
+       if (!head)
+               goto out;
+
+       bh = head;
+       do {
+               unsigned int next_off = curr_off + bh->b_size;
+               next = bh->b_this_page;
+
+               if (next_off > stop)
+                       goto out;
+
+               /*
+                * is this block fully invalidated?
+                */
+               if (offset <= curr_off) {
+                       if (invalidate_folio_can_drop(inode, bh))
+                               reiserfs_unmap_buffer(bh);
+                       else
+                               ret = 0;
+               }
+               curr_off = next_off;
+               bh = next;
+       } while (bh != head);
+
+       /*
+        * We release buffers only if the entire page is being invalidated.
+        * The get_block cached value has been unconditionally invalidated,
+        * so real IO is not possible anymore.
+        */
+       if (!partial_page && ret) {
+               ret = filemap_release_folio(folio, 0);
+               /* maybe should BUG_ON(!ret); - neilb */
+       }
+out:
+       return;
+}
+
+static bool reiserfs_dirty_folio(struct address_space *mapping,
+               struct folio *folio)
+{
+       if (reiserfs_file_data_log(mapping->host)) {
+               folio_set_checked(folio);
+               return filemap_dirty_folio(mapping, folio);
+       }
+       return block_dirty_folio(mapping, folio);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Returns true if the folio's buffers were dropped.  The folio is locked.
+ *
+ * Takes j_dirty_buffers_lock to protect the b_assoc_buffers list_heads
+ * in the buffers at folio_buffers(folio).
+ *
+ * even in -o notail mode, we can't be sure an old mount without -o notail
+ * didn't create files with tails.
+ */
+static bool reiserfs_release_folio(struct folio *folio, gfp_t unused_gfp_flags)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = folio->mapping->host;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb);
+       struct buffer_head *head;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       bool ret = true;
+
+       WARN_ON(folio_test_checked(folio));
+       spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+       head = folio_buffers(folio);
+       bh = head;
+       do {
+               if (bh->b_private) {
+                       if (!buffer_dirty(bh) && !buffer_locked(bh)) {
+                               reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+                       } else {
+                               ret = false;
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+               bh = bh->b_this_page;
+       } while (bh != head);
+       if (ret)
+               ret = try_to_free_buffers(folio);
+       spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We thank Mingming Cao for helping us understand in great detail what
+ * to do in this section of the code.
+ */
+static ssize_t reiserfs_direct_IO(struct kiocb *iocb, struct iov_iter *iter)
+{
+       struct file *file = iocb->ki_filp;
+       struct inode *inode = file->f_mapping->host;
+       size_t count = iov_iter_count(iter);
+       ssize_t ret;
+
+       ret = blockdev_direct_IO(iocb, inode, iter,
+                                reiserfs_get_blocks_direct_io);
+
+       /*
+        * In case of error extending write may have instantiated a few
+        * blocks outside i_size. Trim these off again.
+        */
+       if (unlikely(iov_iter_rw(iter) == WRITE && ret < 0)) {
+               loff_t isize = i_size_read(inode);
+               loff_t end = iocb->ki_pos + count;
+
+               if ((end > isize) && inode_newsize_ok(inode, isize) == 0) {
+                       truncate_setsize(inode, isize);
+                       reiserfs_vfs_truncate_file(inode);
+               }
+       }
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
+                    struct iattr *attr)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+       unsigned int ia_valid;
+       int error;
+
+       error = setattr_prepare(&nop_mnt_idmap, dentry, attr);
+       if (error)
+               return error;
+
+       /* must be turned off for recursive notify_change calls */
+       ia_valid = attr->ia_valid &= ~(ATTR_KILL_SUID|ATTR_KILL_SGID);
+
+       if (is_quota_modification(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, attr)) {
+               error = dquot_initialize(inode);
+               if (error)
+                       return error;
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE) {
+               /*
+                * version 2 items will be caught by the s_maxbytes check
+                * done for us in vmtruncate
+                */
+               if (get_inode_item_key_version(inode) == KEY_FORMAT_3_5 &&
+                   attr->ia_size > MAX_NON_LFS) {
+                       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+                       error = -EFBIG;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+
+               inode_dio_wait(inode);
+
+               /* fill in hole pointers in the expanding truncate case. */
+               if (attr->ia_size > inode->i_size) {
+                       loff_t pos = attr->ia_size;
+
+                       if ((pos & (inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) == 0)
+                               pos++;
+                       error = generic_cont_expand_simple(inode, pos);
+                       if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_prealloc_count > 0) {
+                               int err;
+                               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+                               /* we're changing at most 2 bitmaps, inode + super */
+                               err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 4);
+                               if (!err) {
+                                       reiserfs_discard_prealloc(&th, inode);
+                                       err = journal_end(&th);
+                               }
+                               if (err)
+                                       error = err;
+                       }
+                       if (error) {
+                               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+                               goto out;
+                       }
+                       /*
+                        * file size is changed, ctime and mtime are
+                        * to be updated
+                        */
+                       attr->ia_valid |= (ATTR_MTIME | ATTR_CTIME);
+               }
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       if ((((attr->ia_valid & ATTR_UID) && (from_kuid(&init_user_ns, attr->ia_uid) & ~0xffff)) ||
+            ((attr->ia_valid & ATTR_GID) && (from_kgid(&init_user_ns, attr->ia_gid) & ~0xffff))) &&
+           (get_inode_sd_version(inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)) {
+               /* stat data of format v3.5 has 16 bit uid and gid */
+               error = -EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       if ((ia_valid & ATTR_UID && !uid_eq(attr->ia_uid, inode->i_uid)) ||
+           (ia_valid & ATTR_GID && !gid_eq(attr->ia_gid, inode->i_gid))) {
+               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+               int jbegin_count =
+                   2 *
+                   (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(inode->i_sb) +
+                    REISERFS_QUOTA_DEL_BLOCKS(inode->i_sb)) +
+                   2;
+
+               error = reiserfs_chown_xattrs(inode, attr);
+
+               if (error)
+                       return error;
+
+               /*
+                * (user+group)*(old+new) structure - we count quota
+                * info and , inode write (sb, inode)
+                */
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+               error = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+               if (error)
+                       goto out;
+               error = dquot_transfer(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, attr);
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+               if (error) {
+                       journal_end(&th);
+                       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+                       goto out;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * Update corresponding info in inode so that everything
+                * is in one transaction
+                */
+               if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_UID)
+                       inode->i_uid = attr->ia_uid;
+               if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_GID)
+                       inode->i_gid = attr->ia_gid;
+               mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+               error = journal_end(&th);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+               if (error)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+
+       if ((attr->ia_valid & ATTR_SIZE) &&
+           attr->ia_size != i_size_read(inode)) {
+               error = inode_newsize_ok(inode, attr->ia_size);
+               if (!error) {
+                       /*
+                        * Could race against reiserfs_file_release
+                        * if called from NFS, so take tailpack mutex.
+                        */
+                       mutex_lock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+                       truncate_setsize(inode, attr->ia_size);
+                       reiserfs_truncate_file(inode, 1);
+                       mutex_unlock(&REISERFS_I(inode)->tailpack);
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (!error) {
+               setattr_copy(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, attr);
+               mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+       }
+
+       if (!error && reiserfs_posixacl(inode->i_sb)) {
+               if (attr->ia_valid & ATTR_MODE)
+                       error = reiserfs_acl_chmod(dentry);
+       }
+
+out:
+       return error;
+}
+
+const struct address_space_operations reiserfs_address_space_operations = {
+       .writepages = reiserfs_writepages,
+       .read_folio = reiserfs_read_folio,
+       .readahead = reiserfs_readahead,
+       .release_folio = reiserfs_release_folio,
+       .invalidate_folio = reiserfs_invalidate_folio,
+       .write_begin = reiserfs_write_begin,
+       .write_end = reiserfs_write_end,
+       .bmap = reiserfs_aop_bmap,
+       .direct_IO = reiserfs_direct_IO,
+       .dirty_folio = reiserfs_dirty_folio,
+       .migrate_folio = buffer_migrate_folio,
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/ioctl.c b/fs/reiserfs/ioctl.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..dd33f8cc6eda
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/ioctl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/capability.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/compat.h>
+#include <linux/fileattr.h>
+
+int reiserfs_fileattr_get(struct dentry *dentry, struct fileattr *fa)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+
+       if (!reiserfs_attrs(inode->i_sb))
+               return -ENOTTY;
+
+       fileattr_fill_flags(fa, REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_fileattr_set(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+                         struct dentry *dentry, struct fileattr *fa)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+       unsigned int flags = fa->flags;
+       int err;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       err = -ENOTTY;
+       if (!reiserfs_attrs(inode->i_sb))
+               goto unlock;
+
+       err = -EOPNOTSUPP;
+       if (fileattr_has_fsx(fa))
+               goto unlock;
+
+       /*
+        * Is it quota file? Do not allow user to mess with it
+        */
+       err = -EPERM;
+       if (IS_NOQUOTA(inode))
+               goto unlock;
+
+       if ((flags & REISERFS_NOTAIL_FL) && S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
+               err = reiserfs_unpack(inode);
+               if (err)
+                       goto unlock;
+       }
+       sd_attrs_to_i_attrs(flags, inode);
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs = flags;
+       inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+       mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+       err = 0;
+unlock:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * reiserfs_ioctl - handler for ioctl for inode
+ * supported commands:
+ *  1) REISERFS_IOC_UNPACK - try to unpack tail from direct item into indirect
+ *                           and prevent packing file (argument arg has t
+ *                           be non-zero)
+ *  2) REISERFS_IOC_[GS]ETFLAGS, REISERFS_IOC_[GS]ETVERSION
+ *  3) That's all for a while ...
+ */
+long reiserfs_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = file_inode(filp);
+       int err = 0;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       switch (cmd) {
+       case REISERFS_IOC_UNPACK:
+               if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode)) {
+                       if (arg)
+                               err = reiserfs_unpack(inode);
+               } else
+                       err = -ENOTTY;
+               break;
+               /*
+                * following two cases are taken from fs/ext2/ioctl.c by Remy
+                * Card (card@masi.ibp.fr)
+                */
+       case REISERFS_IOC_GETVERSION:
+               err = put_user(inode->i_generation, (int __user *)arg);
+               break;
+       case REISERFS_IOC_SETVERSION:
+               if (!inode_owner_or_capable(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode)) {
+                       err = -EPERM;
+                       break;
+               }
+               err = mnt_want_write_file(filp);
+               if (err)
+                       break;
+               if (get_user(inode->i_generation, (int __user *)arg)) {
+                       err = -EFAULT;
+                       goto setversion_out;
+               }
+               inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+               mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+setversion_out:
+               mnt_drop_write_file(filp);
+               break;
+       default:
+               err = -ENOTTY;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       return err;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_COMPAT
+long reiserfs_compat_ioctl(struct file *file, unsigned int cmd,
+                               unsigned long arg)
+{
+       /*
+        * These are just misnamed, they actually
+        * get/put from/to user an int
+        */
+       switch (cmd) {
+       case REISERFS_IOC32_UNPACK:
+               cmd = REISERFS_IOC_UNPACK;
+               break;
+       case REISERFS_IOC32_GETVERSION:
+               cmd = REISERFS_IOC_GETVERSION;
+               break;
+       case REISERFS_IOC32_SETVERSION:
+               cmd = REISERFS_IOC_SETVERSION;
+               break;
+       default:
+               return -ENOIOCTLCMD;
+       }
+
+       return reiserfs_ioctl(file, cmd, (unsigned long) compat_ptr(arg));
+}
+#endif
+
+int reiserfs_commit_write(struct file *f, struct page *page,
+                         unsigned from, unsigned to);
+/*
+ * reiserfs_unpack
+ * Function try to convert tail from direct item into indirect.
+ * It set up nopack attribute in the REISERFS_I(inode)->nopack
+ */
+int reiserfs_unpack(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       int retval = 0;
+       int index;
+       struct page *page;
+       struct address_space *mapping;
+       unsigned long write_from;
+       unsigned long blocksize = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize;
+
+       if (inode->i_size == 0) {
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_nopack_mask;
+               return 0;
+       }
+       /* ioctl already done */
+       if (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_nopack_mask) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* we need to make sure nobody is changing the file size beneath us */
+       {
+               int depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+
+               inode_lock(inode);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       write_from = inode->i_size & (blocksize - 1);
+       /* if we are on a block boundary, we are already unpacked.  */
+       if (write_from == 0) {
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_nopack_mask;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * we unpack by finding the page with the tail, and calling
+        * __reiserfs_write_begin on that page.  This will force a
+        * reiserfs_get_block to unpack the tail for us.
+        */
+       index = inode->i_size >> PAGE_SHIFT;
+       mapping = inode->i_mapping;
+       page = grab_cache_page(mapping, index);
+       retval = -ENOMEM;
+       if (!page) {
+               goto out;
+       }
+       retval = __reiserfs_write_begin(page, write_from, 0);
+       if (retval)
+               goto out_unlock;
+
+       /* conversion can change page contents, must flush */
+       flush_dcache_page(page);
+       retval = reiserfs_commit_write(NULL, page, write_from, write_from);
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_nopack_mask;
+
+out_unlock:
+       unlock_page(page);
+       put_page(page);
+
+out:
+       inode_unlock(inode);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       return retval;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/item_ops.c b/fs/reiserfs/item_ops.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5011c10287c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/item_ops.c
@@ -0,0 +1,737 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+
+/*
+ * this contains item handlers for old item types: sd, direct,
+ * indirect, directory
+ */
+
+/*
+ * and where are the comments? how about saying where we can find an
+ * explanation of each item handler method? -Hans
+ */
+
+/* stat data functions */
+static int sd_bytes_number(struct item_head *ih, int block_size)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void sd_decrement_key(struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       key->on_disk_key.k_objectid--;
+       set_cpu_key_k_type(key, TYPE_ANY);
+       set_cpu_key_k_offset(key, (loff_t)(~0ULL >> 1));
+}
+
+static int sd_is_left_mergeable(struct reiserfs_key *key, unsigned long bsize)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void sd_print_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       printk("\tmode | size | nlinks | first direct | mtime\n");
+       if (stat_data_v1(ih)) {
+               struct stat_data_v1 *sd = (struct stat_data_v1 *)item;
+
+               printk("\t0%-6o | %6u | %2u | %d | %u\n", sd_v1_mode(sd),
+                      sd_v1_size(sd), sd_v1_nlink(sd),
+                      sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sd),
+                      sd_v1_mtime(sd));
+       } else {
+               struct stat_data *sd = (struct stat_data *)item;
+
+               printk("\t0%-6o | %6llu | %2u | %d | %u\n", sd_v2_mode(sd),
+                      (unsigned long long)sd_v2_size(sd), sd_v2_nlink(sd),
+                      sd_v2_rdev(sd), sd_v2_mtime(sd));
+       }
+}
+
+static void sd_check_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       /* unused */
+}
+
+static int sd_create_vi(struct virtual_node *vn,
+                       struct virtual_item *vi,
+                       int is_affected, int insert_size)
+{
+       vi->vi_index = TYPE_STAT_DATA;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int sd_check_left(struct virtual_item *vi, int free,
+                        int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+       BUG_ON(start_skip || end_skip);
+       return -1;
+}
+
+static int sd_check_right(struct virtual_item *vi, int free)
+{
+       return -1;
+}
+
+static int sd_part_size(struct virtual_item *vi, int first, int count)
+{
+       BUG_ON(count);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int sd_unit_num(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       return vi->vi_item_len - IH_SIZE;
+}
+
+static void sd_print_vi(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-16100",
+                        "STATDATA, index %d, type 0x%x, %h",
+                        vi->vi_index, vi->vi_type, vi->vi_ih);
+}
+
+static struct item_operations stat_data_ops = {
+       .bytes_number = sd_bytes_number,
+       .decrement_key = sd_decrement_key,
+       .is_left_mergeable = sd_is_left_mergeable,
+       .print_item = sd_print_item,
+       .check_item = sd_check_item,
+
+       .create_vi = sd_create_vi,
+       .check_left = sd_check_left,
+       .check_right = sd_check_right,
+       .part_size = sd_part_size,
+       .unit_num = sd_unit_num,
+       .print_vi = sd_print_vi
+};
+
+/* direct item functions */
+static int direct_bytes_number(struct item_head *ih, int block_size)
+{
+       return ih_item_len(ih);
+}
+
+/* FIXME: this should probably switch to indirect as well */
+static void direct_decrement_key(struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       cpu_key_k_offset_dec(key);
+       if (cpu_key_k_offset(key) == 0)
+               set_cpu_key_k_type(key, TYPE_STAT_DATA);
+}
+
+static int direct_is_left_mergeable(struct reiserfs_key *key,
+                                   unsigned long bsize)
+{
+       int version = le_key_version(key);
+       return ((le_key_k_offset(version, key) & (bsize - 1)) != 1);
+}
+
+static void direct_print_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       int j = 0;
+
+/*    return; */
+       printk("\"");
+       while (j < ih_item_len(ih))
+               printk("%c", item[j++]);
+       printk("\"\n");
+}
+
+static void direct_check_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       /* unused */
+}
+
+static int direct_create_vi(struct virtual_node *vn,
+                           struct virtual_item *vi,
+                           int is_affected, int insert_size)
+{
+       vi->vi_index = TYPE_DIRECT;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int direct_check_left(struct virtual_item *vi, int free,
+                            int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+       int bytes;
+
+       bytes = free - free % 8;
+       return bytes ? : -1;
+}
+
+static int direct_check_right(struct virtual_item *vi, int free)
+{
+       return direct_check_left(vi, free, 0, 0);
+}
+
+static int direct_part_size(struct virtual_item *vi, int first, int count)
+{
+       return count;
+}
+
+static int direct_unit_num(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       return vi->vi_item_len - IH_SIZE;
+}
+
+static void direct_print_vi(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-16101",
+                        "DIRECT, index %d, type 0x%x, %h",
+                        vi->vi_index, vi->vi_type, vi->vi_ih);
+}
+
+static struct item_operations direct_ops = {
+       .bytes_number = direct_bytes_number,
+       .decrement_key = direct_decrement_key,
+       .is_left_mergeable = direct_is_left_mergeable,
+       .print_item = direct_print_item,
+       .check_item = direct_check_item,
+
+       .create_vi = direct_create_vi,
+       .check_left = direct_check_left,
+       .check_right = direct_check_right,
+       .part_size = direct_part_size,
+       .unit_num = direct_unit_num,
+       .print_vi = direct_print_vi
+};
+
+/* indirect item functions */
+static int indirect_bytes_number(struct item_head *ih, int block_size)
+{
+       return ih_item_len(ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE * block_size;
+}
+
+/* decrease offset, if it becomes 0, change type to stat data */
+static void indirect_decrement_key(struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       cpu_key_k_offset_dec(key);
+       if (cpu_key_k_offset(key) == 0)
+               set_cpu_key_k_type(key, TYPE_STAT_DATA);
+}
+
+/* if it is not first item of the body, then it is mergeable */
+static int indirect_is_left_mergeable(struct reiserfs_key *key,
+                                     unsigned long bsize)
+{
+       int version = le_key_version(key);
+       return (le_key_k_offset(version, key) != 1);
+}
+
+/* printing of indirect item */
+static void start_new_sequence(__u32 * start, int *len, __u32 new)
+{
+       *start = new;
+       *len = 1;
+}
+
+static int sequence_finished(__u32 start, int *len, __u32 new)
+{
+       if (start == INT_MAX)
+               return 1;
+
+       if (start == 0 && new == 0) {
+               (*len)++;
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if (start != 0 && (start + *len) == new) {
+               (*len)++;
+               return 0;
+       }
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static void print_sequence(__u32 start, int len)
+{
+       if (start == INT_MAX)
+               return;
+
+       if (len == 1)
+               printk(" %d", start);
+       else
+               printk(" %d(%d)", start, len);
+}
+
+static void indirect_print_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       int j;
+       __le32 *unp;
+       __u32 prev = INT_MAX;
+       int num = 0;
+
+       unp = (__le32 *) item;
+
+       if (ih_item_len(ih) % UNFM_P_SIZE)
+               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-16102", "invalid item len");
+
+       printk("%d pointers\n[ ", (int)I_UNFM_NUM(ih));
+       for (j = 0; j < I_UNFM_NUM(ih); j++) {
+               if (sequence_finished(prev, &num, get_block_num(unp, j))) {
+                       print_sequence(prev, num);
+                       start_new_sequence(&prev, &num, get_block_num(unp, j));
+               }
+       }
+       print_sequence(prev, num);
+       printk("]\n");
+}
+
+static void indirect_check_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       /* unused */
+}
+
+static int indirect_create_vi(struct virtual_node *vn,
+                             struct virtual_item *vi,
+                             int is_affected, int insert_size)
+{
+       vi->vi_index = TYPE_INDIRECT;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int indirect_check_left(struct virtual_item *vi, int free,
+                              int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+       int bytes;
+
+       bytes = free - free % UNFM_P_SIZE;
+       return bytes ? : -1;
+}
+
+static int indirect_check_right(struct virtual_item *vi, int free)
+{
+       return indirect_check_left(vi, free, 0, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * return size in bytes of 'units' units. If first == 0 - calculate
+ * from the head (left), otherwise - from tail (right)
+ */
+static int indirect_part_size(struct virtual_item *vi, int first, int units)
+{
+       /* unit of indirect item is byte (yet) */
+       return units;
+}
+
+static int indirect_unit_num(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       /* unit of indirect item is byte (yet) */
+       return vi->vi_item_len - IH_SIZE;
+}
+
+static void indirect_print_vi(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-16103",
+                        "INDIRECT, index %d, type 0x%x, %h",
+                        vi->vi_index, vi->vi_type, vi->vi_ih);
+}
+
+static struct item_operations indirect_ops = {
+       .bytes_number = indirect_bytes_number,
+       .decrement_key = indirect_decrement_key,
+       .is_left_mergeable = indirect_is_left_mergeable,
+       .print_item = indirect_print_item,
+       .check_item = indirect_check_item,
+
+       .create_vi = indirect_create_vi,
+       .check_left = indirect_check_left,
+       .check_right = indirect_check_right,
+       .part_size = indirect_part_size,
+       .unit_num = indirect_unit_num,
+       .print_vi = indirect_print_vi
+};
+
+/* direntry functions */
+static int direntry_bytes_number(struct item_head *ih, int block_size)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "vs-16090",
+                        "bytes number is asked for direntry");
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void direntry_decrement_key(struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       cpu_key_k_offset_dec(key);
+       if (cpu_key_k_offset(key) == 0)
+               set_cpu_key_k_type(key, TYPE_STAT_DATA);
+}
+
+static int direntry_is_left_mergeable(struct reiserfs_key *key,
+                                     unsigned long bsize)
+{
+       if (le32_to_cpu(key->u.k_offset_v1.k_offset) == DOT_OFFSET)
+               return 0;
+       return 1;
+
+}
+
+static void direntry_print_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       int i;
+       int namelen;
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+       char *name;
+       static char namebuf[80];
+
+       printk("\n # %-15s%-30s%-15s%-15s%-15s\n", "Name",
+              "Key of pointed object", "Hash", "Gen number", "Status");
+
+       deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)item;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < ih_entry_count(ih); i++, deh++) {
+               namelen =
+                   (i ? (deh_location(deh - 1)) : ih_item_len(ih)) -
+                   deh_location(deh);
+               name = item + deh_location(deh);
+               if (name[namelen - 1] == 0)
+                       namelen = strlen(name);
+
+               scnprintf(namebuf, sizeof(namebuf), "\"%.*s\"",
+                         (int)sizeof(namebuf)-3, name);
+
+               printk("%d:  %-15s%-15d%-15d%-15lld%-15lld(%s)\n",
+                      i, namebuf,
+                      deh_dir_id(deh), deh_objectid(deh),
+                      GET_HASH_VALUE(deh_offset(deh)),
+                      GET_GENERATION_NUMBER((deh_offset(deh))),
+                      (de_hidden(deh)) ? "HIDDEN" : "VISIBLE");
+       }
+}
+
+static void direntry_check_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+
+       /* unused */
+       deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)item;
+       for (i = 0; i < ih_entry_count(ih); i++, deh++) {
+               ;
+       }
+}
+
+#define DIRENTRY_VI_FIRST_DIRENTRY_ITEM 1
+
+/*
+ * function returns old entry number in directory item in real node
+ * using new entry number in virtual item in virtual node
+ */
+static inline int old_entry_num(int is_affected, int virtual_entry_num,
+                               int pos_in_item, int mode)
+{
+       if (mode == M_INSERT || mode == M_DELETE)
+               return virtual_entry_num;
+
+       if (!is_affected)
+               /* cut or paste is applied to another item */
+               return virtual_entry_num;
+
+       if (virtual_entry_num < pos_in_item)
+               return virtual_entry_num;
+
+       if (mode == M_CUT)
+               return virtual_entry_num + 1;
+
+       RFALSE(mode != M_PASTE || virtual_entry_num == 0,
+              "vs-8015: old_entry_num: mode must be M_PASTE (mode = \'%c\'",
+              mode);
+
+       return virtual_entry_num - 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create an array of sizes of directory entries for virtual
+ * item. Return space used by an item. FIXME: no control over
+ * consuming of space used by this item handler
+ */
+static int direntry_create_vi(struct virtual_node *vn,
+                             struct virtual_item *vi,
+                             int is_affected, int insert_size)
+{
+       struct direntry_uarea *dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+       int i, j;
+       int size = sizeof(struct direntry_uarea);
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+
+       vi->vi_index = TYPE_DIRENTRY;
+
+       BUG_ON(!(vi->vi_ih) || !vi->vi_item);
+
+       dir_u->flags = 0;
+       if (le_ih_k_offset(vi->vi_ih) == DOT_OFFSET)
+               dir_u->flags |= DIRENTRY_VI_FIRST_DIRENTRY_ITEM;
+
+       deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)(vi->vi_item);
+
+       /* virtual directory item have this amount of entry after */
+       dir_u->entry_count = ih_entry_count(vi->vi_ih) +
+           ((is_affected) ? ((vn->vn_mode == M_CUT) ? -1 :
+                             (vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE ? 1 : 0)) : 0);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < dir_u->entry_count; i++) {
+               j = old_entry_num(is_affected, i, vn->vn_pos_in_item,
+                                 vn->vn_mode);
+               dir_u->entry_sizes[i] =
+                   (j ? deh_location(&deh[j - 1]) : ih_item_len(vi->vi_ih)) -
+                   deh_location(&deh[j]) + DEH_SIZE;
+       }
+
+       size += (dir_u->entry_count * sizeof(short));
+
+       /* set size of pasted entry */
+       if (is_affected && vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE)
+               dir_u->entry_sizes[vn->vn_pos_in_item] = insert_size;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       /* compare total size of entries with item length */
+       {
+               int k, l;
+
+               l = 0;
+               for (k = 0; k < dir_u->entry_count; k++)
+                       l += dir_u->entry_sizes[k];
+
+               if (l + IH_SIZE != vi->vi_item_len +
+                   ((is_affected
+                     && (vn->vn_mode == M_PASTE
+                         || vn->vn_mode == M_CUT)) ? insert_size : 0)) {
+                       reiserfs_panic(NULL, "vs-8025", "(mode==%c, "
+                                      "insert_size==%d), invalid length of "
+                                      "directory item",
+                                      vn->vn_mode, insert_size);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+
+       return size;
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * return number of entries which may fit into specified amount of
+ * free space, or -1 if free space is not enough even for 1 entry
+ */
+static int direntry_check_left(struct virtual_item *vi, int free,
+                              int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+       int i;
+       int entries = 0;
+       struct direntry_uarea *dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+
+       for (i = start_skip; i < dir_u->entry_count - end_skip; i++) {
+               /* i-th entry doesn't fit into the remaining free space */
+               if (dir_u->entry_sizes[i] > free)
+                       break;
+
+               free -= dir_u->entry_sizes[i];
+               entries++;
+       }
+
+       if (entries == dir_u->entry_count) {
+               reiserfs_panic(NULL, "item_ops-1",
+                              "free space %d, entry_count %d", free,
+                              dir_u->entry_count);
+       }
+
+       /* "." and ".." can not be separated from each other */
+       if (start_skip == 0 && (dir_u->flags & DIRENTRY_VI_FIRST_DIRENTRY_ITEM)
+           && entries < 2)
+               entries = 0;
+
+       return entries ? : -1;
+}
+
+static int direntry_check_right(struct virtual_item *vi, int free)
+{
+       int i;
+       int entries = 0;
+       struct direntry_uarea *dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+
+       for (i = dir_u->entry_count - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+               /* i-th entry doesn't fit into the remaining free space */
+               if (dir_u->entry_sizes[i] > free)
+                       break;
+
+               free -= dir_u->entry_sizes[i];
+               entries++;
+       }
+       BUG_ON(entries == dir_u->entry_count);
+
+       /* "." and ".." can not be separated from each other */
+       if ((dir_u->flags & DIRENTRY_VI_FIRST_DIRENTRY_ITEM)
+           && entries > dir_u->entry_count - 2)
+               entries = dir_u->entry_count - 2;
+
+       return entries ? : -1;
+}
+
+/* sum of entry sizes between from-th and to-th entries including both edges */
+static int direntry_part_size(struct virtual_item *vi, int first, int count)
+{
+       int i, retval;
+       int from, to;
+       struct direntry_uarea *dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+
+       retval = 0;
+       if (first == 0)
+               from = 0;
+       else
+               from = dir_u->entry_count - count;
+       to = from + count - 1;
+
+       for (i = from; i <= to; i++)
+               retval += dir_u->entry_sizes[i];
+
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static int direntry_unit_num(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       struct direntry_uarea *dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+
+       return dir_u->entry_count;
+}
+
+static void direntry_print_vi(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct direntry_uarea *dir_u = vi->vi_uarea;
+
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-16104",
+                        "DIRENTRY, index %d, type 0x%x, %h, flags 0x%x",
+                        vi->vi_index, vi->vi_type, vi->vi_ih, dir_u->flags);
+       printk("%d entries: ", dir_u->entry_count);
+       for (i = 0; i < dir_u->entry_count; i++)
+               printk("%d ", dir_u->entry_sizes[i]);
+       printk("\n");
+}
+
+static struct item_operations direntry_ops = {
+       .bytes_number = direntry_bytes_number,
+       .decrement_key = direntry_decrement_key,
+       .is_left_mergeable = direntry_is_left_mergeable,
+       .print_item = direntry_print_item,
+       .check_item = direntry_check_item,
+
+       .create_vi = direntry_create_vi,
+       .check_left = direntry_check_left,
+       .check_right = direntry_check_right,
+       .part_size = direntry_part_size,
+       .unit_num = direntry_unit_num,
+       .print_vi = direntry_print_vi
+};
+
+/* Error catching functions to catch errors caused by incorrect item types. */
+static int errcatch_bytes_number(struct item_head *ih, int block_size)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16001",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void errcatch_decrement_key(struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16002",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+}
+
+static int errcatch_is_left_mergeable(struct reiserfs_key *key,
+                                     unsigned long bsize)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16003",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void errcatch_print_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16004",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+}
+
+static void errcatch_check_item(struct item_head *ih, char *item)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16005",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+}
+
+static int errcatch_create_vi(struct virtual_node *vn,
+                             struct virtual_item *vi,
+                             int is_affected, int insert_size)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16006",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+       /*
+        * We might return -1 here as well, but it won't help as
+        * create_virtual_node() from where this operation is called
+        * from is of return type void.
+        */
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int errcatch_check_left(struct virtual_item *vi, int free,
+                              int start_skip, int end_skip)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16007",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+       return -1;
+}
+
+static int errcatch_check_right(struct virtual_item *vi, int free)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16008",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+       return -1;
+}
+
+static int errcatch_part_size(struct virtual_item *vi, int first, int count)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16009",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int errcatch_unit_num(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16010",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void errcatch_print_vi(struct virtual_item *vi)
+{
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "green-16011",
+                        "Invalid item type observed, run fsck ASAP");
+}
+
+static struct item_operations errcatch_ops = {
+       .bytes_number = errcatch_bytes_number,
+       .decrement_key = errcatch_decrement_key,
+       .is_left_mergeable = errcatch_is_left_mergeable,
+       .print_item = errcatch_print_item,
+       .check_item = errcatch_check_item,
+
+       .create_vi = errcatch_create_vi,
+       .check_left = errcatch_check_left,
+       .check_right = errcatch_check_right,
+       .part_size = errcatch_part_size,
+       .unit_num = errcatch_unit_num,
+       .print_vi = errcatch_print_vi
+};
+
+#if ! (TYPE_STAT_DATA == 0 && TYPE_INDIRECT == 1 && TYPE_DIRECT == 2 && TYPE_DIRENTRY == 3)
+#error Item types must use disk-format assigned values.
+#endif
+
+struct item_operations *item_ops[TYPE_ANY + 1] = {
+       &stat_data_ops,
+       &indirect_ops,
+       &direct_ops,
+       &direntry_ops,
+       NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL,
+       &errcatch_ops           /* This is to catch errors with invalid type (15th entry for TYPE_ANY) */
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/journal.c b/fs/reiserfs/journal.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..e477ee0ff35d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/journal.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4404 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Write ahead logging implementation copyright Chris Mason 2000
+ *
+ * The background commits make this code very interrelated, and
+ * overly complex.  I need to rethink things a bit....The major players:
+ *
+ * journal_begin -- call with the number of blocks you expect to log.
+ *                  If the current transaction is too
+ *                 old, it will block until the current transaction is
+ *                 finished, and then start a new one.
+ *                 Usually, your transaction will get joined in with
+ *                  previous ones for speed.
+ *
+ * journal_join  -- same as journal_begin, but won't block on the current
+ *                  transaction regardless of age.  Don't ever call
+ *                  this.  Ever.  There are only two places it should be
+ *                  called from, and they are both inside this file.
+ *
+ * journal_mark_dirty -- adds blocks into this transaction.  clears any flags
+ *                       that might make them get sent to disk
+ *                       and then marks them BH_JDirty.  Puts the buffer head
+ *                       into the current transaction hash.
+ *
+ * journal_end -- if the current transaction is batchable, it does nothing
+ *                   otherwise, it could do an async/synchronous commit, or
+ *                   a full flush of all log and real blocks in the
+ *                   transaction.
+ *
+ * flush_old_commits -- if the current transaction is too old, it is ended and
+ *                      commit blocks are sent to disk.  Forces commit blocks
+ *                      to disk for all backgrounded commits that have been
+ *                      around too long.
+ *                  -- Note, if you call this as an immediate flush from
+ *                     within kupdate, it will ignore the immediate flag
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/semaphore.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fcntl.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+#include <linux/writeback.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+
+
+/* gets a struct reiserfs_journal_list * from a list head */
+#define JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(h) (list_entry((h), struct reiserfs_journal_list, \
+                               j_list))
+
+/* must be correct to keep the desc and commit structs at 4k */
+#define JOURNAL_TRANS_HALF 1018
+#define BUFNR 64               /*read ahead */
+
+/* cnode stat bits.  Move these into reiserfs_fs.h */
+
+/* this block was freed, and can't be written.  */
+#define BLOCK_FREED 2
+/* this block was freed during this transaction, and can't be written */
+#define BLOCK_FREED_HOLDER 3
+
+/* used in flush_journal_list */
+#define BLOCK_NEEDS_FLUSH 4
+#define BLOCK_DIRTIED 5
+
+/* journal list state bits */
+#define LIST_TOUCHED 1
+#define LIST_DIRTY   2
+#define LIST_COMMIT_PENDING  4 /* someone will commit this list */
+
+/* flags for do_journal_end */
+#define FLUSH_ALL   1          /* flush commit and real blocks */
+#define COMMIT_NOW  2          /* end and commit this transaction */
+#define WAIT        4          /* wait for the log blocks to hit the disk */
+
+static int do_journal_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *, int flags);
+static int flush_journal_list(struct super_block *s,
+                             struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, int flushall);
+static int flush_commit_list(struct super_block *s,
+                            struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, int flushall);
+static int can_dirty(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn);
+static int journal_join(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                       struct super_block *sb);
+static void release_journal_dev(struct reiserfs_journal *journal);
+static void dirty_one_transaction(struct super_block *s,
+                                struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl);
+static void flush_async_commits(struct work_struct *work);
+static void queue_log_writer(struct super_block *s);
+
+/* values for join in do_journal_begin_r */
+enum {
+       JBEGIN_REG = 0,         /* regular journal begin */
+       /* join the running transaction if at all possible */
+       JBEGIN_JOIN = 1,
+       /* called from cleanup code, ignores aborted flag */
+       JBEGIN_ABORT = 2,
+};
+
+static int do_journal_begin_r(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                             struct super_block *sb,
+                             unsigned long nblocks, int join);
+
+static void init_journal_hash(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       memset(journal->j_hash_table, 0,
+              JOURNAL_HASH_SIZE * sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *));
+}
+
+/*
+ * clears BH_Dirty and sticks the buffer on the clean list.  Called because
+ * I can't allow refile_buffer to make schedule happen after I've freed a
+ * block.  Look at remove_from_transaction and journal_mark_freed for
+ * more details.
+ */
+static int reiserfs_clean_and_file_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       if (bh) {
+               clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+               clear_buffer_journal_test(bh);
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *allocate_bitmap_node(struct super_block
+                                                        *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn;
+       static int id;
+
+       bn = kmalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_bitmap_node), GFP_NOFS);
+       if (!bn) {
+               return NULL;
+       }
+       bn->data = kzalloc(sb->s_blocksize, GFP_NOFS);
+       if (!bn->data) {
+               kfree(bn);
+               return NULL;
+       }
+       bn->id = id++;
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&bn->list);
+       return bn;
+}
+
+static struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *get_bitmap_node(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn = NULL;
+       struct list_head *entry = journal->j_bitmap_nodes.next;
+
+       journal->j_used_bitmap_nodes++;
+repeat:
+
+       if (entry != &journal->j_bitmap_nodes) {
+               bn = list_entry(entry, struct reiserfs_bitmap_node, list);
+               list_del(entry);
+               memset(bn->data, 0, sb->s_blocksize);
+               journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes--;
+               return bn;
+       }
+       bn = allocate_bitmap_node(sb);
+       if (!bn) {
+               yield();
+               goto repeat;
+       }
+       return bn;
+}
+static inline void free_bitmap_node(struct super_block *sb,
+                                   struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       journal->j_used_bitmap_nodes--;
+       if (journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes > REISERFS_MAX_BITMAP_NODES) {
+               kfree(bn->data);
+               kfree(bn);
+       } else {
+               list_add(&bn->list, &journal->j_bitmap_nodes);
+               journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes++;
+       }
+}
+
+static void allocate_bitmap_nodes(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn = NULL;
+       for (i = 0; i < REISERFS_MIN_BITMAP_NODES; i++) {
+               bn = allocate_bitmap_node(sb);
+               if (bn) {
+                       list_add(&bn->list, &journal->j_bitmap_nodes);
+                       journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes++;
+               } else {
+                       /* this is ok, we'll try again when more are needed */
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static int set_bit_in_list_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
+                                 b_blocknr_t block,
+                                 struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb)
+{
+       unsigned int bmap_nr = block / (sb->s_blocksize << 3);
+       unsigned int bit_nr = block % (sb->s_blocksize << 3);
+
+       if (!jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr]) {
+               jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr] = get_bitmap_node(sb);
+       }
+       set_bit(bit_nr, (unsigned long *)jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr]->data);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void cleanup_bitmap_list(struct super_block *sb,
+                               struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb)
+{
+       int i;
+       if (jb->bitmaps == NULL)
+               return;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < reiserfs_bmap_count(sb); i++) {
+               if (jb->bitmaps[i]) {
+                       free_bitmap_node(sb, jb->bitmaps[i]);
+                       jb->bitmaps[i] = NULL;
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * only call this on FS unmount.
+ */
+static int free_list_bitmaps(struct super_block *sb,
+                            struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb_array)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb;
+       for (i = 0; i < JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS; i++) {
+               jb = jb_array + i;
+               jb->journal_list = NULL;
+               cleanup_bitmap_list(sb, jb);
+               vfree(jb->bitmaps);
+               jb->bitmaps = NULL;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int free_bitmap_nodes(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct list_head *next = journal->j_bitmap_nodes.next;
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *bn;
+
+       while (next != &journal->j_bitmap_nodes) {
+               bn = list_entry(next, struct reiserfs_bitmap_node, list);
+               list_del(next);
+               kfree(bn->data);
+               kfree(bn);
+               next = journal->j_bitmap_nodes.next;
+               journal->j_free_bitmap_nodes--;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * get memory for JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS worth of bitmaps.
+ * jb_array is the array to be filled in.
+ */
+int reiserfs_allocate_list_bitmaps(struct super_block *sb,
+                                  struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb_array,
+                                  unsigned int bmap_nr)
+{
+       int i;
+       int failed = 0;
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb;
+       int mem = bmap_nr * sizeof(struct reiserfs_bitmap_node *);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS; i++) {
+               jb = jb_array + i;
+               jb->journal_list = NULL;
+               jb->bitmaps = vzalloc(mem);
+               if (!jb->bitmaps) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "clm-2000", "unable to "
+                                        "allocate bitmaps for journal lists");
+                       failed = 1;
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       if (failed) {
+               free_list_bitmaps(sb, jb_array);
+               return -1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * find an available list bitmap.  If you can't find one, flush a commit list
+ * and try again
+ */
+static struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *get_list_bitmap(struct super_block *sb,
+                                                   struct reiserfs_journal_list
+                                                   *jl)
+{
+       int i, j;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb = NULL;
+
+       for (j = 0; j < (JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS * 3); j++) {
+               i = journal->j_list_bitmap_index;
+               journal->j_list_bitmap_index = (i + 1) % JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS;
+               jb = journal->j_list_bitmap + i;
+               if (journal->j_list_bitmap[i].journal_list) {
+                       flush_commit_list(sb,
+                                         journal->j_list_bitmap[i].
+                                         journal_list, 1);
+                       if (!journal->j_list_bitmap[i].journal_list) {
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       /* double check to make sure if flushed correctly */
+       if (jb->journal_list)
+               return NULL;
+       jb->journal_list = jl;
+       return jb;
+}
+
+/*
+ * allocates a new chunk of X nodes, and links them all together as a list.
+ * Uses the cnode->next and cnode->prev pointers
+ * returns NULL on failure
+ */
+static struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *allocate_cnodes(int num_cnodes)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *head;
+       int i;
+       if (num_cnodes <= 0) {
+               return NULL;
+       }
+       head = vzalloc(array_size(num_cnodes,
+                                 sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode)));
+       if (!head) {
+               return NULL;
+       }
+       head[0].prev = NULL;
+       head[0].next = head + 1;
+       for (i = 1; i < num_cnodes; i++) {
+               head[i].prev = head + (i - 1);
+               head[i].next = head + (i + 1);  /* if last one, overwrite it after the if */
+       }
+       head[num_cnodes - 1].next = NULL;
+       return head;
+}
+
+/* pulls a cnode off the free list, or returns NULL on failure */
+static struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *get_cnode(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+
+       reiserfs_check_lock_depth(sb, "get_cnode");
+
+       if (journal->j_cnode_free <= 0) {
+               return NULL;
+       }
+       journal->j_cnode_used++;
+       journal->j_cnode_free--;
+       cn = journal->j_cnode_free_list;
+       if (!cn) {
+               return cn;
+       }
+       if (cn->next) {
+               cn->next->prev = NULL;
+       }
+       journal->j_cnode_free_list = cn->next;
+       memset(cn, 0, sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode));
+       return cn;
+}
+
+/*
+ * returns a cnode to the free list
+ */
+static void free_cnode(struct super_block *sb,
+                      struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+
+       reiserfs_check_lock_depth(sb, "free_cnode");
+
+       journal->j_cnode_used--;
+       journal->j_cnode_free++;
+       /* memset(cn, 0, sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode)) ; */
+       cn->next = journal->j_cnode_free_list;
+       if (journal->j_cnode_free_list) {
+               journal->j_cnode_free_list->prev = cn;
+       }
+       cn->prev = NULL;        /* not needed with the memset, but I might kill the memset, and forget to do this */
+       journal->j_cnode_free_list = cn;
+}
+
+static void clear_prepared_bits(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       clear_buffer_journal_prepared(bh);
+       clear_buffer_journal_restore_dirty(bh);
+}
+
+/*
+ * return a cnode with same dev, block number and size in table,
+ * or null if not found
+ */
+static inline struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *get_journal_hash_dev(struct
+                                                                 super_block
+                                                                 *sb,
+                                                                 struct
+                                                                 reiserfs_journal_cnode
+                                                                 **table,
+                                                                 long bl)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+       cn = journal_hash(table, sb, bl);
+       while (cn) {
+               if (cn->blocknr == bl && cn->sb == sb)
+                       return cn;
+               cn = cn->hnext;
+       }
+       return (struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *)0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * this actually means 'can this block be reallocated yet?'.  If you set
+ * search_all, a block can only be allocated if it is not in the current
+ * transaction, was not freed by the current transaction, and has no chance
+ * of ever being overwritten by a replay after crashing.
+ *
+ * If you don't set search_all, a block can only be allocated if it is not
+ * in the current transaction.  Since deleting a block removes it from the
+ * current transaction, this case should never happen.  If you don't set
+ * search_all, make sure you never write the block without logging it.
+ *
+ * next_zero_bit is a suggestion about the next block to try for find_forward.
+ * when bl is rejected because it is set in a journal list bitmap, we search
+ * for the next zero bit in the bitmap that rejected bl.  Then, we return
+ * that through next_zero_bit for find_forward to try.
+ *
+ * Just because we return something in next_zero_bit does not mean we won't
+ * reject it on the next call to reiserfs_in_journal
+ */
+int reiserfs_in_journal(struct super_block *sb,
+                       unsigned int bmap_nr, int bit_nr, int search_all,
+                       b_blocknr_t * next_zero_bit)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb;
+       int i;
+       unsigned long bl;
+
+       *next_zero_bit = 0;     /* always start this at zero. */
+
+       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.in_journal);
+       /*
+        * If we aren't doing a search_all, this is a metablock, and it
+        * will be logged before use.  if we crash before the transaction
+        * that freed it commits,  this transaction won't have committed
+        * either, and the block will never be written
+        */
+       if (search_all) {
+               for (i = 0; i < JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS; i++) {
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.in_journal_bitmap);
+                       jb = journal->j_list_bitmap + i;
+                       if (jb->journal_list && jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr] &&
+                           test_bit(bit_nr,
+                                    (unsigned long *)jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr]->
+                                    data)) {
+                               *next_zero_bit =
+                                   find_next_zero_bit((unsigned long *)
+                                                      (jb->bitmaps[bmap_nr]->
+                                                       data),
+                                                      sb->s_blocksize << 3,
+                                                      bit_nr + 1);
+                               return 1;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       bl = bmap_nr * (sb->s_blocksize << 3) + bit_nr;
+       /* is it in any old transactions? */
+       if (search_all
+           && (get_journal_hash_dev(sb, journal->j_list_hash_table, bl))) {
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       /* is it in the current transaction.  This should never happen */
+       if ((get_journal_hash_dev(sb, journal->j_hash_table, bl))) {
+               BUG();
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.in_journal_reusable);
+       /* safe for reuse */
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* insert cn into table */
+static inline void insert_journal_hash(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode **table,
+                                      struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn_orig;
+
+       cn_orig = journal_hash(table, cn->sb, cn->blocknr);
+       cn->hnext = cn_orig;
+       cn->hprev = NULL;
+       if (cn_orig) {
+               cn_orig->hprev = cn;
+       }
+       journal_hash(table, cn->sb, cn->blocknr) = cn;
+}
+
+/* lock the current transaction */
+static inline void lock_journal(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.lock_journal);
+
+       reiserfs_mutex_lock_safe(&SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_mutex, sb);
+}
+
+/* unlock the current transaction */
+static inline void unlock_journal(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       mutex_unlock(&SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_mutex);
+}
+
+static inline void get_journal_list(struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+       jl->j_refcount++;
+}
+
+static inline void put_journal_list(struct super_block *s,
+                                   struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+       if (jl->j_refcount < 1) {
+               reiserfs_panic(s, "journal-2", "trans id %u, refcount at %d",
+                              jl->j_trans_id, jl->j_refcount);
+       }
+       if (--jl->j_refcount == 0)
+               kfree(jl);
+}
+
+/*
+ * this used to be much more involved, and I'm keeping it just in case
+ * things get ugly again.  it gets called by flush_commit_list, and
+ * cleans up any data stored about blocks freed during a transaction.
+ */
+static void cleanup_freed_for_journal_list(struct super_block *sb,
+                                          struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb = jl->j_list_bitmap;
+       if (jb) {
+               cleanup_bitmap_list(sb, jb);
+       }
+       jl->j_list_bitmap->journal_list = NULL;
+       jl->j_list_bitmap = NULL;
+}
+
+static int journal_list_still_alive(struct super_block *s,
+                                   unsigned int trans_id)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       struct list_head *entry = &journal->j_journal_list;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+
+       if (!list_empty(entry)) {
+               jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry->next);
+               if (jl->j_trans_id <= trans_id) {
+                       return 1;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * If page->mapping was null, we failed to truncate this page for
+ * some reason.  Most likely because it was truncated after being
+ * logged via data=journal.
+ *
+ * This does a check to see if the buffer belongs to one of these
+ * lost pages before doing the final put_bh.  If page->mapping was
+ * null, it tries to free buffers on the page, which should make the
+ * final put_page drop the page from the lru.
+ */
+static void release_buffer_page(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct folio *folio = bh->b_folio;
+       if (!folio->mapping && folio_trylock(folio)) {
+               folio_get(folio);
+               put_bh(bh);
+               if (!folio->mapping)
+                       try_to_free_buffers(folio);
+               folio_unlock(folio);
+               folio_put(folio);
+       } else {
+               put_bh(bh);
+       }
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_end_buffer_io_sync(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate)
+{
+       if (buffer_journaled(bh)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "clm-2084",
+                                "pinned buffer %lu:%pg sent to disk",
+                                bh->b_blocknr, bh->b_bdev);
+       }
+       if (uptodate)
+               set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+       else
+               clear_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+
+       unlock_buffer(bh);
+       release_buffer_page(bh);
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_end_ordered_io(struct buffer_head *bh, int uptodate)
+{
+       if (uptodate)
+               set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+       else
+               clear_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+       unlock_buffer(bh);
+       put_bh(bh);
+}
+
+static void submit_logged_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       get_bh(bh);
+       bh->b_end_io = reiserfs_end_buffer_io_sync;
+       clear_buffer_journal_new(bh);
+       clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+       if (!test_clear_buffer_journal_test(bh))
+               BUG();
+       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+               BUG();
+       submit_bh(REQ_OP_WRITE, bh);
+}
+
+static void submit_ordered_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       get_bh(bh);
+       bh->b_end_io = reiserfs_end_ordered_io;
+       clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+               BUG();
+       submit_bh(REQ_OP_WRITE, bh);
+}
+
+#define CHUNK_SIZE 32
+struct buffer_chunk {
+       struct buffer_head *bh[CHUNK_SIZE];
+       int nr;
+};
+
+static void write_chunk(struct buffer_chunk *chunk)
+{
+       int i;
+       for (i = 0; i < chunk->nr; i++) {
+               submit_logged_buffer(chunk->bh[i]);
+       }
+       chunk->nr = 0;
+}
+
+static void write_ordered_chunk(struct buffer_chunk *chunk)
+{
+       int i;
+       for (i = 0; i < chunk->nr; i++) {
+               submit_ordered_buffer(chunk->bh[i]);
+       }
+       chunk->nr = 0;
+}
+
+static int add_to_chunk(struct buffer_chunk *chunk, struct buffer_head *bh,
+                       spinlock_t * lock, void (fn) (struct buffer_chunk *))
+{
+       int ret = 0;
+       BUG_ON(chunk->nr >= CHUNK_SIZE);
+       chunk->bh[chunk->nr++] = bh;
+       if (chunk->nr >= CHUNK_SIZE) {
+               ret = 1;
+               if (lock) {
+                       spin_unlock(lock);
+                       fn(chunk);
+                       spin_lock(lock);
+               } else {
+                       fn(chunk);
+               }
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static atomic_t nr_reiserfs_jh = ATOMIC_INIT(0);
+static struct reiserfs_jh *alloc_jh(void)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_jh *jh;
+       while (1) {
+               jh = kmalloc(sizeof(*jh), GFP_NOFS);
+               if (jh) {
+                       atomic_inc(&nr_reiserfs_jh);
+                       return jh;
+               }
+               yield();
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * we want to free the jh when the buffer has been written
+ * and waited on
+ */
+void reiserfs_free_jh(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_jh *jh;
+
+       jh = bh->b_private;
+       if (jh) {
+               bh->b_private = NULL;
+               jh->bh = NULL;
+               list_del_init(&jh->list);
+               kfree(jh);
+               if (atomic_read(&nr_reiserfs_jh) <= 0)
+                       BUG();
+               atomic_dec(&nr_reiserfs_jh);
+               put_bh(bh);
+       }
+}
+
+static inline int __add_jh(struct reiserfs_journal *j, struct buffer_head *bh,
+                          int tail)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_jh *jh;
+
+       if (bh->b_private) {
+               spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+               if (!bh->b_private) {
+                       spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+                       goto no_jh;
+               }
+               jh = bh->b_private;
+               list_del_init(&jh->list);
+       } else {
+no_jh:
+               get_bh(bh);
+               jh = alloc_jh();
+               spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+               /*
+                * buffer must be locked for __add_jh, should be able to have
+                * two adds at the same time
+                */
+               BUG_ON(bh->b_private);
+               jh->bh = bh;
+               bh->b_private = jh;
+       }
+       jh->jl = j->j_current_jl;
+       if (tail)
+               list_add_tail(&jh->list, &jh->jl->j_tail_bh_list);
+       else {
+               list_add_tail(&jh->list, &jh->jl->j_bh_list);
+       }
+       spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_add_tail_list(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       return __add_jh(SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb), bh, 1);
+}
+int reiserfs_add_ordered_list(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       return __add_jh(SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb), bh, 0);
+}
+
+#define JH_ENTRY(l) list_entry((l), struct reiserfs_jh, list)
+static int write_ordered_buffers(spinlock_t * lock,
+                                struct reiserfs_journal *j,
+                                struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl,
+                                struct list_head *list)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct reiserfs_jh *jh;
+       int ret = j->j_errno;
+       struct buffer_chunk chunk;
+       struct list_head tmp;
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&tmp);
+
+       chunk.nr = 0;
+       spin_lock(lock);
+       while (!list_empty(list)) {
+               jh = JH_ENTRY(list->next);
+               bh = jh->bh;
+               get_bh(bh);
+               if (!trylock_buffer(bh)) {
+                       if (!buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+                               list_move(&jh->list, &tmp);
+                               goto loop_next;
+                       }
+                       spin_unlock(lock);
+                       if (chunk.nr)
+                               write_ordered_chunk(&chunk);
+                       wait_on_buffer(bh);
+                       cond_resched();
+                       spin_lock(lock);
+                       goto loop_next;
+               }
+               /*
+                * in theory, dirty non-uptodate buffers should never get here,
+                * but the upper layer io error paths still have a few quirks.
+                * Handle them here as gracefully as we can
+                */
+               if (!buffer_uptodate(bh) && buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+                       clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+                       ret = -EIO;
+               }
+               if (buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+                       list_move(&jh->list, &tmp);
+                       add_to_chunk(&chunk, bh, lock, write_ordered_chunk);
+               } else {
+                       reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+                       unlock_buffer(bh);
+               }
+loop_next:
+               put_bh(bh);
+               cond_resched_lock(lock);
+       }
+       if (chunk.nr) {
+               spin_unlock(lock);
+               write_ordered_chunk(&chunk);
+               spin_lock(lock);
+       }
+       while (!list_empty(&tmp)) {
+               jh = JH_ENTRY(tmp.prev);
+               bh = jh->bh;
+               get_bh(bh);
+               reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+
+               if (buffer_locked(bh)) {
+                       spin_unlock(lock);
+                       wait_on_buffer(bh);
+                       spin_lock(lock);
+               }
+               if (!buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+                       ret = -EIO;
+               }
+               /*
+                * ugly interaction with invalidate_folio here.
+                * reiserfs_invalidate_folio will pin any buffer that has a
+                * valid journal head from an older transaction.  If someone
+                * else sets our buffer dirty after we write it in the first
+                * loop, and then someone truncates the page away, nobody
+                * will ever write the buffer. We're safe if we write the
+                * page one last time after freeing the journal header.
+                */
+               if (buffer_dirty(bh) && unlikely(bh->b_folio->mapping == NULL)) {
+                       spin_unlock(lock);
+                       write_dirty_buffer(bh, 0);
+                       spin_lock(lock);
+               }
+               put_bh(bh);
+               cond_resched_lock(lock);
+       }
+       spin_unlock(lock);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static int flush_older_commits(struct super_block *s,
+                              struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *other_jl;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *first_jl;
+       struct list_head *entry;
+       unsigned int trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+       unsigned int other_trans_id;
+
+find_first:
+       /*
+        * first we walk backwards to find the oldest uncommitted transation
+        */
+       first_jl = jl;
+       entry = jl->j_list.prev;
+       while (1) {
+               other_jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+               if (entry == &journal->j_journal_list ||
+                   atomic_read(&other_jl->j_older_commits_done))
+                       break;
+
+               first_jl = other_jl;
+               entry = other_jl->j_list.prev;
+       }
+
+       /* if we didn't find any older uncommitted transactions, return now */
+       if (first_jl == jl) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       entry = &first_jl->j_list;
+       while (1) {
+               other_jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+               other_trans_id = other_jl->j_trans_id;
+
+               if (other_trans_id < trans_id) {
+                       if (atomic_read(&other_jl->j_commit_left) != 0) {
+                               flush_commit_list(s, other_jl, 0);
+
+                               /* list we were called with is gone, return */
+                               if (!journal_list_still_alive(s, trans_id))
+                                       return 1;
+
+                               /*
+                                * the one we just flushed is gone, this means
+                                * all older lists are also gone, so first_jl
+                                * is no longer valid either.  Go back to the
+                                * beginning.
+                                */
+                               if (!journal_list_still_alive
+                                   (s, other_trans_id)) {
+                                       goto find_first;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       entry = entry->next;
+                       if (entry == &journal->j_journal_list)
+                               return 0;
+               } else {
+                       return 0;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_async_progress_wait(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+
+       if (atomic_read(&j->j_async_throttle)) {
+               int depth;
+
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+               wait_var_event_timeout(&j->j_async_throttle,
+                                      atomic_read(&j->j_async_throttle) == 0,
+                                      HZ / 10);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * if this journal list still has commit blocks unflushed, send them to disk.
+ *
+ * log areas must be flushed in order (transaction 2 can't commit before
+ * transaction 1) Before the commit block can by written, every other log
+ * block must be safely on disk
+ */
+static int flush_commit_list(struct super_block *s,
+                            struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, int flushall)
+{
+       int i;
+       b_blocknr_t bn;
+       struct buffer_head *tbh = NULL;
+       unsigned int trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       int retval = 0;
+       int write_len;
+       int depth;
+
+       reiserfs_check_lock_depth(s, "flush_commit_list");
+
+       if (atomic_read(&jl->j_older_commits_done)) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * before we can put our commit blocks on disk, we have to make
+        * sure everyone older than us is on disk too
+        */
+       BUG_ON(jl->j_len <= 0);
+       BUG_ON(trans_id == journal->j_trans_id);
+
+       get_journal_list(jl);
+       if (flushall) {
+               if (flush_older_commits(s, jl) == 1) {
+                       /*
+                        * list disappeared during flush_older_commits.
+                        * return
+                        */
+                       goto put_jl;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* make sure nobody is trying to flush this one at the same time */
+       reiserfs_mutex_lock_safe(&jl->j_commit_mutex, s);
+
+       if (!journal_list_still_alive(s, trans_id)) {
+               mutex_unlock(&jl->j_commit_mutex);
+               goto put_jl;
+       }
+       BUG_ON(jl->j_trans_id == 0);
+
+       /* this commit is done, exit */
+       if (atomic_read(&jl->j_commit_left) <= 0) {
+               if (flushall) {
+                       atomic_set(&jl->j_older_commits_done, 1);
+               }
+               mutex_unlock(&jl->j_commit_mutex);
+               goto put_jl;
+       }
+
+       if (!list_empty(&jl->j_bh_list)) {
+               int ret;
+
+               /*
+                * We might sleep in numerous places inside
+                * write_ordered_buffers. Relax the write lock.
+                */
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+               ret = write_ordered_buffers(&journal->j_dirty_buffers_lock,
+                                           journal, jl, &jl->j_bh_list);
+               if (ret < 0 && retval == 0)
+                       retval = ret;
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       }
+       BUG_ON(!list_empty(&jl->j_bh_list));
+       /*
+        * for the description block and all the log blocks, submit any buffers
+        * that haven't already reached the disk.  Try to write at least 256
+        * log blocks. later on, we will only wait on blocks that correspond
+        * to this transaction, but while we're unplugging we might as well
+        * get a chunk of data on there.
+        */
+       atomic_inc(&journal->j_async_throttle);
+       write_len = jl->j_len + 1;
+       if (write_len < 256)
+               write_len = 256;
+       for (i = 0 ; i < write_len ; i++) {
+               bn = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(s) + (jl->j_start + i) %
+                   SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(s);
+               tbh = journal_find_get_block(s, bn);
+               if (tbh) {
+                       if (buffer_dirty(tbh)) {
+                           depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+                           write_dirty_buffer(tbh, 0);
+                           reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+                       }
+                       put_bh(tbh) ;
+               }
+       }
+       if (atomic_dec_and_test(&journal->j_async_throttle))
+               wake_up_var(&journal->j_async_throttle);
+
+       for (i = 0; i < (jl->j_len + 1); i++) {
+               bn = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(s) +
+                   (jl->j_start + i) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(s);
+               tbh = journal_find_get_block(s, bn);
+
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+               __wait_on_buffer(tbh);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+               /*
+                * since we're using ll_rw_blk above, it might have skipped
+                * over a locked buffer.  Double check here
+                */
+               /* redundant, sync_dirty_buffer() checks */
+               if (buffer_dirty(tbh)) {
+                       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+                       sync_dirty_buffer(tbh);
+                       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+               }
+               if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(tbh))) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "journal-601",
+                                        "buffer write failed");
+#endif
+                       retval = -EIO;
+               }
+               /* once for journal_find_get_block */
+               put_bh(tbh);
+               /* once due to original getblk in do_journal_end */
+               put_bh(tbh);
+               atomic_dec(&jl->j_commit_left);
+       }
+
+       BUG_ON(atomic_read(&jl->j_commit_left) != 1);
+
+       /*
+        * If there was a write error in the journal - we can't commit
+        * this transaction - it will be invalid and, if successful,
+        * will just end up propagating the write error out to
+        * the file system.
+        */
+       if (likely(!retval && !reiserfs_is_journal_aborted (journal))) {
+               if (buffer_dirty(jl->j_commit_bh))
+                       BUG();
+               mark_buffer_dirty(jl->j_commit_bh) ;
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+               if (reiserfs_barrier_flush(s))
+                       __sync_dirty_buffer(jl->j_commit_bh,
+                                       REQ_SYNC | REQ_PREFLUSH | REQ_FUA);
+               else
+                       sync_dirty_buffer(jl->j_commit_bh);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * If there was a write error in the journal - we can't commit this
+        * transaction - it will be invalid and, if successful, will just end
+        * up propagating the write error out to the filesystem.
+        */
+       if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(jl->j_commit_bh))) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "journal-615", "buffer write failed");
+#endif
+               retval = -EIO;
+       }
+       bforget(jl->j_commit_bh);
+       if (journal->j_last_commit_id != 0 &&
+           (jl->j_trans_id - journal->j_last_commit_id) != 1) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "clm-2200", "last commit %lu, current %lu",
+                                journal->j_last_commit_id, jl->j_trans_id);
+       }
+       journal->j_last_commit_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+
+       /*
+        * now, every commit block is on the disk.  It is safe to allow
+        * blocks freed during this transaction to be reallocated
+        */
+       cleanup_freed_for_journal_list(s, jl);
+
+       retval = retval ? retval : journal->j_errno;
+
+       /* mark the metadata dirty */
+       if (!retval)
+               dirty_one_transaction(s, jl);
+       atomic_dec(&jl->j_commit_left);
+
+       if (flushall) {
+               atomic_set(&jl->j_older_commits_done, 1);
+       }
+       mutex_unlock(&jl->j_commit_mutex);
+put_jl:
+       put_journal_list(s, jl);
+
+       if (retval)
+               reiserfs_abort(s, retval, "Journal write error in %s",
+                              __func__);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * flush_journal_list frequently needs to find a newer transaction for a
+ * given block.  This does that, or returns NULL if it can't find anything
+ */
+static struct reiserfs_journal_list *find_newer_jl_for_cn(struct
+                                                         reiserfs_journal_cnode
+                                                         *cn)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = cn->sb;
+       b_blocknr_t blocknr = cn->blocknr;
+
+       cn = cn->hprev;
+       while (cn) {
+               if (cn->sb == sb && cn->blocknr == blocknr && cn->jlist) {
+                       return cn->jlist;
+               }
+               cn = cn->hprev;
+       }
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+static void remove_journal_hash(struct super_block *,
+                               struct reiserfs_journal_cnode **,
+                               struct reiserfs_journal_list *, unsigned long,
+                               int);
+
+/*
+ * once all the real blocks have been flushed, it is safe to remove them
+ * from the journal list for this transaction.  Aside from freeing the
+ * cnode, this also allows the block to be reallocated for data blocks
+ * if it had been deleted.
+ */
+static void remove_all_from_journal_list(struct super_block *sb,
+                                        struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl,
+                                        int debug)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn, *last;
+       cn = jl->j_realblock;
+
+       /*
+        * which is better, to lock once around the whole loop, or
+        * to lock for each call to remove_journal_hash?
+        */
+       while (cn) {
+               if (cn->blocknr != 0) {
+                       if (debug) {
+                               reiserfs_warning(sb, "reiserfs-2201",
+                                                "block %u, bh is %d, state %ld",
+                                                cn->blocknr, cn->bh ? 1 : 0,
+                                                cn->state);
+                       }
+                       cn->state = 0;
+                       remove_journal_hash(sb, journal->j_list_hash_table,
+                                           jl, cn->blocknr, 1);
+               }
+               last = cn;
+               cn = cn->next;
+               free_cnode(sb, last);
+       }
+       jl->j_realblock = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * if this timestamp is greater than the timestamp we wrote last to the
+ * header block, write it to the header block.  once this is done, I can
+ * safely say the log area for this transaction won't ever be replayed,
+ * and I can start releasing blocks in this transaction for reuse as data
+ * blocks.  called by flush_journal_list, before it calls
+ * remove_all_from_journal_list
+ */
+static int _update_journal_header_block(struct super_block *sb,
+                                       unsigned long offset,
+                                       unsigned int trans_id)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_header *jh;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       int depth;
+
+       if (reiserfs_is_journal_aborted(journal))
+               return -EIO;
+
+       if (trans_id >= journal->j_last_flush_trans_id) {
+               if (buffer_locked((journal->j_header_bh))) {
+                       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+                       __wait_on_buffer(journal->j_header_bh);
+                       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+                       if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(journal->j_header_bh))) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                               reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-699",
+                                                "buffer write failed");
+#endif
+                               return -EIO;
+                       }
+               }
+               journal->j_last_flush_trans_id = trans_id;
+               journal->j_first_unflushed_offset = offset;
+               jh = (struct reiserfs_journal_header *)(journal->j_header_bh->
+                                                       b_data);
+               jh->j_last_flush_trans_id = cpu_to_le32(trans_id);
+               jh->j_first_unflushed_offset = cpu_to_le32(offset);
+               jh->j_mount_id = cpu_to_le32(journal->j_mount_id);
+
+               set_buffer_dirty(journal->j_header_bh);
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+
+               if (reiserfs_barrier_flush(sb))
+                       __sync_dirty_buffer(journal->j_header_bh,
+                                       REQ_SYNC | REQ_PREFLUSH | REQ_FUA);
+               else
+                       sync_dirty_buffer(journal->j_header_bh);
+
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+               if (!buffer_uptodate(journal->j_header_bh)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-837",
+                                        "IO error during journal replay");
+                       return -EIO;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int update_journal_header_block(struct super_block *sb,
+                                      unsigned long offset,
+                                      unsigned int trans_id)
+{
+       return _update_journal_header_block(sb, offset, trans_id);
+}
+
+/*
+** flush any and all journal lists older than you are
+** can only be called from flush_journal_list
+*/
+static int flush_older_journal_lists(struct super_block *sb,
+                                    struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+       struct list_head *entry;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *other_jl;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       unsigned int trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+
+       /*
+        * we know we are the only ones flushing things, no extra race
+        * protection is required.
+        */
+restart:
+       entry = journal->j_journal_list.next;
+       /* Did we wrap? */
+       if (entry == &journal->j_journal_list)
+               return 0;
+       other_jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+       if (other_jl->j_trans_id < trans_id) {
+               BUG_ON(other_jl->j_refcount <= 0);
+               /* do not flush all */
+               flush_journal_list(sb, other_jl, 0);
+
+               /* other_jl is now deleted from the list */
+               goto restart;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void del_from_work_list(struct super_block *s,
+                              struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       if (!list_empty(&jl->j_working_list)) {
+               list_del_init(&jl->j_working_list);
+               journal->j_num_work_lists--;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * flush a journal list, both commit and real blocks
+ *
+ * always set flushall to 1, unless you are calling from inside
+ * flush_journal_list
+ *
+ * IMPORTANT.  This can only be called while there are no journal writers,
+ * and the journal is locked.  That means it can only be called from
+ * do_journal_end, or by journal_release
+ */
+static int flush_journal_list(struct super_block *s,
+                             struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, int flushall)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *pjl;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+       int count;
+       int was_jwait = 0;
+       int was_dirty = 0;
+       struct buffer_head *saved_bh;
+       unsigned long j_len_saved = jl->j_len;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       int err = 0;
+       int depth;
+
+       BUG_ON(j_len_saved <= 0);
+
+       if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) != 0) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "clm-2048", "called with wcount %d",
+                                atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount));
+       }
+
+       /* if flushall == 0, the lock is already held */
+       if (flushall) {
+               reiserfs_mutex_lock_safe(&journal->j_flush_mutex, s);
+       } else if (mutex_trylock(&journal->j_flush_mutex)) {
+               BUG();
+       }
+
+       count = 0;
+       if (j_len_saved > journal->j_trans_max) {
+               reiserfs_panic(s, "journal-715", "length is %lu, trans id %lu",
+                              j_len_saved, jl->j_trans_id);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* if all the work is already done, get out of here */
+       if (atomic_read(&jl->j_nonzerolen) <= 0 &&
+           atomic_read(&jl->j_commit_left) <= 0) {
+               goto flush_older_and_return;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * start by putting the commit list on disk.  This will also flush
+        * the commit lists of any olders transactions
+        */
+       flush_commit_list(s, jl, 1);
+
+       if (!(jl->j_state & LIST_DIRTY)
+           && !reiserfs_is_journal_aborted(journal))
+               BUG();
+
+       /* are we done now? */
+       if (atomic_read(&jl->j_nonzerolen) <= 0 &&
+           atomic_read(&jl->j_commit_left) <= 0) {
+               goto flush_older_and_return;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * loop through each cnode, see if we need to write it,
+        * or wait on a more recent transaction, or just ignore it
+        */
+       if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) != 0) {
+               reiserfs_panic(s, "journal-844", "journal list is flushing, "
+                              "wcount is not 0");
+       }
+       cn = jl->j_realblock;
+       while (cn) {
+               was_jwait = 0;
+               was_dirty = 0;
+               saved_bh = NULL;
+               /* blocknr of 0 is no longer in the hash, ignore it */
+               if (cn->blocknr == 0) {
+                       goto free_cnode;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * This transaction failed commit.
+                * Don't write out to the disk
+                */
+               if (!(jl->j_state & LIST_DIRTY))
+                       goto free_cnode;
+
+               pjl = find_newer_jl_for_cn(cn);
+               /*
+                * the order is important here.  We check pjl to make sure we
+                * don't clear BH_JDirty_wait if we aren't the one writing this
+                * block to disk
+                */
+               if (!pjl && cn->bh) {
+                       saved_bh = cn->bh;
+
+                       /*
+                        * we do this to make sure nobody releases the
+                        * buffer while we are working with it
+                        */
+                       get_bh(saved_bh);
+
+                       if (buffer_journal_dirty(saved_bh)) {
+                               BUG_ON(!can_dirty(cn));
+                               was_jwait = 1;
+                               was_dirty = 1;
+                       } else if (can_dirty(cn)) {
+                               /*
+                                * everything with !pjl && jwait
+                                * should be writable
+                                */
+                               BUG();
+                       }
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * if someone has this block in a newer transaction, just make
+                * sure they are committed, and don't try writing it to disk
+                */
+               if (pjl) {
+                       if (atomic_read(&pjl->j_commit_left))
+                               flush_commit_list(s, pjl, 1);
+                       goto free_cnode;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * bh == NULL when the block got to disk on its own, OR,
+                * the block got freed in a future transaction
+                */
+               if (saved_bh == NULL) {
+                       goto free_cnode;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * this should never happen.  kupdate_one_transaction has
+                * this list locked while it works, so we should never see a
+                * buffer here that is not marked JDirty_wait
+                */
+               if ((!was_jwait) && !buffer_locked(saved_bh)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "journal-813",
+                                        "BAD! buffer %llu %cdirty %cjwait, "
+                                        "not in a newer transaction",
+                                        (unsigned long long)saved_bh->
+                                        b_blocknr, was_dirty ? ' ' : '!',
+                                        was_jwait ? ' ' : '!');
+               }
+               if (was_dirty) {
+                       /*
+                        * we inc again because saved_bh gets decremented
+                        * at free_cnode
+                        */
+                       get_bh(saved_bh);
+                       set_bit(BLOCK_NEEDS_FLUSH, &cn->state);
+                       lock_buffer(saved_bh);
+                       BUG_ON(cn->blocknr != saved_bh->b_blocknr);
+                       if (buffer_dirty(saved_bh))
+                               submit_logged_buffer(saved_bh);
+                       else
+                               unlock_buffer(saved_bh);
+                       count++;
+               } else {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "clm-2082",
+                                        "Unable to flush buffer %llu in %s",
+                                        (unsigned long long)saved_bh->
+                                        b_blocknr, __func__);
+               }
+free_cnode:
+               cn = cn->next;
+               if (saved_bh) {
+                       /*
+                        * we incremented this to keep others from
+                        * taking the buffer head away
+                        */
+                       put_bh(saved_bh);
+                       if (atomic_read(&saved_bh->b_count) < 0) {
+                               reiserfs_warning(s, "journal-945",
+                                                "saved_bh->b_count < 0");
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+       if (count > 0) {
+               cn = jl->j_realblock;
+               while (cn) {
+                       if (test_bit(BLOCK_NEEDS_FLUSH, &cn->state)) {
+                               if (!cn->bh) {
+                                       reiserfs_panic(s, "journal-1011",
+                                                      "cn->bh is NULL");
+                               }
+
+                               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+                               __wait_on_buffer(cn->bh);
+                               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+
+                               if (!cn->bh) {
+                                       reiserfs_panic(s, "journal-1012",
+                                                      "cn->bh is NULL");
+                               }
+                               if (unlikely(!buffer_uptodate(cn->bh))) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                                       reiserfs_warning(s, "journal-949",
+                                                        "buffer write failed");
+#endif
+                                       err = -EIO;
+                               }
+                               /*
+                                * note, we must clear the JDirty_wait bit
+                                * after the up to date check, otherwise we
+                                * race against our flushpage routine
+                                */
+                               BUG_ON(!test_clear_buffer_journal_dirty
+                                      (cn->bh));
+
+                               /* drop one ref for us */
+                               put_bh(cn->bh);
+                               /* drop one ref for journal_mark_dirty */
+                               release_buffer_page(cn->bh);
+                       }
+                       cn = cn->next;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (err)
+               reiserfs_abort(s, -EIO,
+                              "Write error while pushing transaction to disk in %s",
+                              __func__);
+flush_older_and_return:
+
+       /*
+        * before we can update the journal header block, we _must_ flush all
+        * real blocks from all older transactions to disk.  This is because
+        * once the header block is updated, this transaction will not be
+        * replayed after a crash
+        */
+       if (flushall) {
+               flush_older_journal_lists(s, jl);
+       }
+
+       err = journal->j_errno;
+       /*
+        * before we can remove everything from the hash tables for this
+        * transaction, we must make sure it can never be replayed
+        *
+        * since we are only called from do_journal_end, we know for sure there
+        * are no allocations going on while we are flushing journal lists.  So,
+        * we only need to update the journal header block for the last list
+        * being flushed
+        */
+       if (!err && flushall) {
+               err =
+                   update_journal_header_block(s,
+                                               (jl->j_start + jl->j_len +
+                                                2) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(s),
+                                               jl->j_trans_id);
+               if (err)
+                       reiserfs_abort(s, -EIO,
+                                      "Write error while updating journal header in %s",
+                                      __func__);
+       }
+       remove_all_from_journal_list(s, jl, 0);
+       list_del_init(&jl->j_list);
+       journal->j_num_lists--;
+       del_from_work_list(s, jl);
+
+       if (journal->j_last_flush_id != 0 &&
+           (jl->j_trans_id - journal->j_last_flush_id) != 1) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "clm-2201", "last flush %lu, current %lu",
+                                journal->j_last_flush_id, jl->j_trans_id);
+       }
+       journal->j_last_flush_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+
+       /*
+        * not strictly required since we are freeing the list, but it should
+        * help find code using dead lists later on
+        */
+       jl->j_len = 0;
+       atomic_set(&jl->j_nonzerolen, 0);
+       jl->j_start = 0;
+       jl->j_realblock = NULL;
+       jl->j_commit_bh = NULL;
+       jl->j_trans_id = 0;
+       jl->j_state = 0;
+       put_journal_list(s, jl);
+       if (flushall)
+               mutex_unlock(&journal->j_flush_mutex);
+       return err;
+}
+
+static int write_one_transaction(struct super_block *s,
+                                struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl,
+                                struct buffer_chunk *chunk)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       jl->j_state |= LIST_TOUCHED;
+       del_from_work_list(s, jl);
+       if (jl->j_len == 0 || atomic_read(&jl->j_nonzerolen) == 0) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       cn = jl->j_realblock;
+       while (cn) {
+               /*
+                * if the blocknr == 0, this has been cleared from the hash,
+                * skip it
+                */
+               if (cn->blocknr == 0) {
+                       goto next;
+               }
+               if (cn->bh && can_dirty(cn) && buffer_dirty(cn->bh)) {
+                       struct buffer_head *tmp_bh;
+                       /*
+                        * we can race against journal_mark_freed when we try
+                        * to lock_buffer(cn->bh), so we have to inc the buffer
+                        * count, and recheck things after locking
+                        */
+                       tmp_bh = cn->bh;
+                       get_bh(tmp_bh);
+                       lock_buffer(tmp_bh);
+                       if (cn->bh && can_dirty(cn) && buffer_dirty(tmp_bh)) {
+                               if (!buffer_journal_dirty(tmp_bh) ||
+                                   buffer_journal_prepared(tmp_bh))
+                                       BUG();
+                               add_to_chunk(chunk, tmp_bh, NULL, write_chunk);
+                               ret++;
+                       } else {
+                               /* note, cn->bh might be null now */
+                               unlock_buffer(tmp_bh);
+                       }
+                       put_bh(tmp_bh);
+               }
+next:
+               cn = cn->next;
+               cond_resched();
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/* used by flush_commit_list */
+static void dirty_one_transaction(struct super_block *s,
+                                struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *pjl;
+
+       jl->j_state |= LIST_DIRTY;
+       cn = jl->j_realblock;
+       while (cn) {
+               /*
+                * look for a more recent transaction that logged this
+                * buffer.  Only the most recent transaction with a buffer in
+                * it is allowed to send that buffer to disk
+                */
+               pjl = find_newer_jl_for_cn(cn);
+               if (!pjl && cn->blocknr && cn->bh
+                   && buffer_journal_dirty(cn->bh)) {
+                       BUG_ON(!can_dirty(cn));
+                       /*
+                        * if the buffer is prepared, it will either be logged
+                        * or restored.  If restored, we need to make sure
+                        * it actually gets marked dirty
+                        */
+                       clear_buffer_journal_new(cn->bh);
+                       if (buffer_journal_prepared(cn->bh)) {
+                               set_buffer_journal_restore_dirty(cn->bh);
+                       } else {
+                               set_buffer_journal_test(cn->bh);
+                               mark_buffer_dirty(cn->bh);
+                       }
+               }
+               cn = cn->next;
+       }
+}
+
+static int kupdate_transactions(struct super_block *s,
+                               struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl,
+                               struct reiserfs_journal_list **next_jl,
+                               unsigned int *next_trans_id,
+                               int num_blocks, int num_trans)
+{
+       int ret = 0;
+       int written = 0;
+       int transactions_flushed = 0;
+       unsigned int orig_trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+       struct buffer_chunk chunk;
+       struct list_head *entry;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       chunk.nr = 0;
+
+       reiserfs_mutex_lock_safe(&journal->j_flush_mutex, s);
+       if (!journal_list_still_alive(s, orig_trans_id)) {
+               goto done;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * we've got j_flush_mutex held, nobody is going to delete any
+        * of these lists out from underneath us
+        */
+       while ((num_trans && transactions_flushed < num_trans) ||
+              (!num_trans && written < num_blocks)) {
+
+               if (jl->j_len == 0 || (jl->j_state & LIST_TOUCHED) ||
+                   atomic_read(&jl->j_commit_left)
+                   || !(jl->j_state & LIST_DIRTY)) {
+                       del_from_work_list(s, jl);
+                       break;
+               }
+               ret = write_one_transaction(s, jl, &chunk);
+
+               if (ret < 0)
+                       goto done;
+               transactions_flushed++;
+               written += ret;
+               entry = jl->j_list.next;
+
+               /* did we wrap? */
+               if (entry == &journal->j_journal_list) {
+                       break;
+               }
+               jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+
+               /* don't bother with older transactions */
+               if (jl->j_trans_id <= orig_trans_id)
+                       break;
+       }
+       if (chunk.nr) {
+               write_chunk(&chunk);
+       }
+
+done:
+       mutex_unlock(&journal->j_flush_mutex);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * for o_sync and fsync heavy applications, they tend to use
+ * all the journa list slots with tiny transactions.  These
+ * trigger lots and lots of calls to update the header block, which
+ * adds seeks and slows things down.
+ *
+ * This function tries to clear out a large chunk of the journal lists
+ * at once, which makes everything faster since only the newest journal
+ * list updates the header block
+ */
+static int flush_used_journal_lists(struct super_block *s,
+                                   struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+       unsigned long len = 0;
+       unsigned long cur_len;
+       int i;
+       int limit = 256;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *tjl;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *flush_jl;
+       unsigned int trans_id;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+
+       flush_jl = tjl = jl;
+
+       /* in data logging mode, try harder to flush a lot of blocks */
+       if (reiserfs_data_log(s))
+               limit = 1024;
+       /* flush for 256 transactions or limit blocks, whichever comes first */
+       for (i = 0; i < 256 && len < limit; i++) {
+               if (atomic_read(&tjl->j_commit_left) ||
+                   tjl->j_trans_id < jl->j_trans_id) {
+                       break;
+               }
+               cur_len = atomic_read(&tjl->j_nonzerolen);
+               if (cur_len > 0) {
+                       tjl->j_state &= ~LIST_TOUCHED;
+               }
+               len += cur_len;
+               flush_jl = tjl;
+               if (tjl->j_list.next == &journal->j_journal_list)
+                       break;
+               tjl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(tjl->j_list.next);
+       }
+       get_journal_list(jl);
+       get_journal_list(flush_jl);
+
+       /*
+        * try to find a group of blocks we can flush across all the
+        * transactions, but only bother if we've actually spanned
+        * across multiple lists
+        */
+       if (flush_jl != jl)
+               kupdate_transactions(s, jl, &tjl, &trans_id, len, i);
+
+       flush_journal_list(s, flush_jl, 1);
+       put_journal_list(s, flush_jl);
+       put_journal_list(s, jl);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * removes any nodes in table with name block and dev as bh.
+ * only touchs the hnext and hprev pointers.
+ */
+static void remove_journal_hash(struct super_block *sb,
+                        struct reiserfs_journal_cnode **table,
+                        struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl,
+                        unsigned long block, int remove_freed)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cur;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode **head;
+
+       head = &(journal_hash(table, sb, block));
+       if (!head) {
+               return;
+       }
+       cur = *head;
+       while (cur) {
+               if (cur->blocknr == block && cur->sb == sb
+                   && (jl == NULL || jl == cur->jlist)
+                   && (!test_bit(BLOCK_FREED, &cur->state) || remove_freed)) {
+                       if (cur->hnext) {
+                               cur->hnext->hprev = cur->hprev;
+                       }
+                       if (cur->hprev) {
+                               cur->hprev->hnext = cur->hnext;
+                       } else {
+                               *head = cur->hnext;
+                       }
+                       cur->blocknr = 0;
+                       cur->sb = NULL;
+                       cur->state = 0;
+                       /*
+                        * anybody who clears the cur->bh will also
+                        * dec the nonzerolen
+                        */
+                       if (cur->bh && cur->jlist)
+                               atomic_dec(&cur->jlist->j_nonzerolen);
+                       cur->bh = NULL;
+                       cur->jlist = NULL;
+               }
+               cur = cur->hnext;
+       }
+}
+
+static void free_journal_ram(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       kfree(journal->j_current_jl);
+       journal->j_num_lists--;
+
+       vfree(journal->j_cnode_free_orig);
+       free_list_bitmaps(sb, journal->j_list_bitmap);
+       free_bitmap_nodes(sb);  /* must be after free_list_bitmaps */
+       if (journal->j_header_bh) {
+               brelse(journal->j_header_bh);
+       }
+       /*
+        * j_header_bh is on the journal dev, make sure
+        * not to release the journal dev until we brelse j_header_bh
+        */
+       release_journal_dev(journal);
+       vfree(journal);
+}
+
+/*
+ * call on unmount.  Only set error to 1 if you haven't made your way out
+ * of read_super() yet.  Any other caller must keep error at 0.
+ */
+static int do_journal_release(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                             struct super_block *sb, int error)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle myth;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+
+       /*
+        * we only want to flush out transactions if we were
+        * called with error == 0
+        */
+       if (!error && !sb_rdonly(sb)) {
+               /* end the current trans */
+               BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+               do_journal_end(th, FLUSH_ALL);
+
+               /*
+                * make sure something gets logged to force
+                * our way into the flush code
+                */
+               if (!journal_join(&myth, sb)) {
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb,
+                                                    SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb),
+                                                    1);
+                       journal_mark_dirty(&myth, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb));
+                       do_journal_end(&myth, FLUSH_ALL);
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* this also catches errors during the do_journal_end above */
+       if (!error && reiserfs_is_journal_aborted(journal)) {
+               memset(&myth, 0, sizeof(myth));
+               if (!journal_join_abort(&myth, sb)) {
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb,
+                                                    SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb),
+                                                    1);
+                       journal_mark_dirty(&myth, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb));
+                       do_journal_end(&myth, FLUSH_ALL);
+               }
+       }
+
+
+       /*
+        * We must release the write lock here because
+        * the workqueue job (flush_async_commit) needs this lock
+        */
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+
+       /*
+        * Cancel flushing of old commits. Note that neither of these works
+        * will be requeued because superblock is being shutdown and doesn't
+        * have SB_ACTIVE set.
+        */
+       reiserfs_cancel_old_flush(sb);
+       /* wait for all commits to finish */
+       cancel_delayed_work_sync(&SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_work);
+
+       free_journal_ram(sb);
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* * call on unmount.  flush all journal trans, release all alloc'd ram */
+int journal_release(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                   struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       return do_journal_release(th, sb, 0);
+}
+
+/* only call from an error condition inside reiserfs_read_super!  */
+int journal_release_error(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                         struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       return do_journal_release(th, sb, 1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * compares description block with commit block.
+ * returns 1 if they differ, 0 if they are the same
+ */
+static int journal_compare_desc_commit(struct super_block *sb,
+                                      struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc,
+                                      struct reiserfs_journal_commit *commit)
+{
+       if (get_commit_trans_id(commit) != get_desc_trans_id(desc) ||
+           get_commit_trans_len(commit) != get_desc_trans_len(desc) ||
+           get_commit_trans_len(commit) > SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_trans_max ||
+           get_commit_trans_len(commit) <= 0) {
+               return 1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * returns 0 if it did not find a description block
+ * returns -1 if it found a corrupt commit block
+ * returns 1 if both desc and commit were valid
+ * NOTE: only called during fs mount
+ */
+static int journal_transaction_is_valid(struct super_block *sb,
+                                       struct buffer_head *d_bh,
+                                       unsigned int *oldest_invalid_trans_id,
+                                       unsigned long *newest_mount_id)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_commit *commit;
+       struct buffer_head *c_bh;
+       unsigned long offset;
+
+       if (!d_bh)
+               return 0;
+
+       desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)d_bh->b_data;
+       if (get_desc_trans_len(desc) > 0
+           && !memcmp(get_journal_desc_magic(d_bh), JOURNAL_DESC_MAGIC, 8)) {
+               if (oldest_invalid_trans_id && *oldest_invalid_trans_id
+                   && get_desc_trans_id(desc) > *oldest_invalid_trans_id) {
+                       reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                      "journal-986: transaction "
+                                      "is valid returning because trans_id %d is greater than "
+                                      "oldest_invalid %lu",
+                                      get_desc_trans_id(desc),
+                                      *oldest_invalid_trans_id);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               if (newest_mount_id
+                   && *newest_mount_id > get_desc_mount_id(desc)) {
+                       reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                      "journal-1087: transaction "
+                                      "is valid returning because mount_id %d is less than "
+                                      "newest_mount_id %lu",
+                                      get_desc_mount_id(desc),
+                                      *newest_mount_id);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               if (get_desc_trans_len(desc) > SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_trans_max) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-2018",
+                                        "Bad transaction length %d "
+                                        "encountered, ignoring transaction",
+                                        get_desc_trans_len(desc));
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               offset = d_bh->b_blocknr - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb);
+
+               /*
+                * ok, we have a journal description block,
+                * let's see if the transaction was valid
+                */
+               c_bh =
+                   journal_bread(sb,
+                                 SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                                 ((offset + get_desc_trans_len(desc) +
+                                   1) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb)));
+               if (!c_bh)
+                       return 0;
+               commit = (struct reiserfs_journal_commit *)c_bh->b_data;
+               if (journal_compare_desc_commit(sb, desc, commit)) {
+                       reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                      "journal_transaction_is_valid, commit offset %ld had bad "
+                                      "time %d or length %d",
+                                      c_bh->b_blocknr -
+                                      SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb),
+                                      get_commit_trans_id(commit),
+                                      get_commit_trans_len(commit));
+                       brelse(c_bh);
+                       if (oldest_invalid_trans_id) {
+                               *oldest_invalid_trans_id =
+                                   get_desc_trans_id(desc);
+                               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                              "journal-1004: "
+                                              "transaction_is_valid setting oldest invalid trans_id "
+                                              "to %d",
+                                              get_desc_trans_id(desc));
+                       }
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               brelse(c_bh);
+               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                              "journal-1006: found valid "
+                              "transaction start offset %llu, len %d id %d",
+                              d_bh->b_blocknr -
+                              SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb),
+                              get_desc_trans_len(desc),
+                              get_desc_trans_id(desc));
+               return 1;
+       } else {
+               return 0;
+       }
+}
+
+static void brelse_array(struct buffer_head **heads, int num)
+{
+       int i;
+       for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+               brelse(heads[i]);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * given the start, and values for the oldest acceptable transactions,
+ * this either reads in a replays a transaction, or returns because the
+ * transaction is invalid, or too old.
+ * NOTE: only called during fs mount
+ */
+static int journal_read_transaction(struct super_block *sb,
+                                   unsigned long cur_dblock,
+                                   unsigned long oldest_start,
+                                   unsigned int oldest_trans_id,
+                                   unsigned long newest_mount_id)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_commit *commit;
+       unsigned int trans_id = 0;
+       struct buffer_head *c_bh;
+       struct buffer_head *d_bh;
+       struct buffer_head **log_blocks = NULL;
+       struct buffer_head **real_blocks = NULL;
+       unsigned int trans_offset;
+       int i;
+       int trans_half;
+
+       d_bh = journal_bread(sb, cur_dblock);
+       if (!d_bh)
+               return 1;
+       desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)d_bh->b_data;
+       trans_offset = d_bh->b_blocknr - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb);
+       reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1037: "
+                      "journal_read_transaction, offset %llu, len %d mount_id %d",
+                      d_bh->b_blocknr - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb),
+                      get_desc_trans_len(desc), get_desc_mount_id(desc));
+       if (get_desc_trans_id(desc) < oldest_trans_id) {
+               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1039: "
+                              "journal_read_trans skipping because %lu is too old",
+                              cur_dblock -
+                              SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb));
+               brelse(d_bh);
+               return 1;
+       }
+       if (get_desc_mount_id(desc) != newest_mount_id) {
+               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1146: "
+                              "journal_read_trans skipping because %d is != "
+                              "newest_mount_id %lu", get_desc_mount_id(desc),
+                              newest_mount_id);
+               brelse(d_bh);
+               return 1;
+       }
+       c_bh = journal_bread(sb, SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                            ((trans_offset + get_desc_trans_len(desc) + 1) %
+                             SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb)));
+       if (!c_bh) {
+               brelse(d_bh);
+               return 1;
+       }
+       commit = (struct reiserfs_journal_commit *)c_bh->b_data;
+       if (journal_compare_desc_commit(sb, desc, commit)) {
+               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                              "journal_read_transaction, "
+                              "commit offset %llu had bad time %d or length %d",
+                              c_bh->b_blocknr -
+                              SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb),
+                              get_commit_trans_id(commit),
+                              get_commit_trans_len(commit));
+               brelse(c_bh);
+               brelse(d_bh);
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       if (bdev_read_only(sb->s_bdev)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "clm-2076",
+                                "device is readonly, unable to replay log");
+               brelse(c_bh);
+               brelse(d_bh);
+               return -EROFS;
+       }
+
+       trans_id = get_desc_trans_id(desc);
+       /*
+        * now we know we've got a good transaction, and it was
+        * inside the valid time ranges
+        */
+       log_blocks = kmalloc_array(get_desc_trans_len(desc),
+                                  sizeof(struct buffer_head *),
+                                  GFP_NOFS);
+       real_blocks = kmalloc_array(get_desc_trans_len(desc),
+                                   sizeof(struct buffer_head *),
+                                   GFP_NOFS);
+       if (!log_blocks || !real_blocks) {
+               brelse(c_bh);
+               brelse(d_bh);
+               kfree(log_blocks);
+               kfree(real_blocks);
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1169",
+                                "kmalloc failed, unable to mount FS");
+               return -1;
+       }
+       /* get all the buffer heads */
+       trans_half = journal_trans_half(sb->s_blocksize);
+       for (i = 0; i < get_desc_trans_len(desc); i++) {
+               log_blocks[i] =
+                   journal_getblk(sb,
+                                  SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                                  (trans_offset + 1 +
+                                   i) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb));
+               if (i < trans_half) {
+                       real_blocks[i] =
+                           sb_getblk(sb,
+                                     le32_to_cpu(desc->j_realblock[i]));
+               } else {
+                       real_blocks[i] =
+                           sb_getblk(sb,
+                                     le32_to_cpu(commit->
+                                                 j_realblock[i - trans_half]));
+               }
+               if (real_blocks[i]->b_blocknr > SB_BLOCK_COUNT(sb)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1207",
+                                        "REPLAY FAILURE fsck required! "
+                                        "Block to replay is outside of "
+                                        "filesystem");
+                       goto abort_replay;
+               }
+               /* make sure we don't try to replay onto log or reserved area */
+               if (is_block_in_log_or_reserved_area
+                   (sb, real_blocks[i]->b_blocknr)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1204",
+                                        "REPLAY FAILURE fsck required! "
+                                        "Trying to replay onto a log block");
+abort_replay:
+                       brelse_array(log_blocks, i);
+                       brelse_array(real_blocks, i);
+                       brelse(c_bh);
+                       brelse(d_bh);
+                       kfree(log_blocks);
+                       kfree(real_blocks);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+       }
+       /* read in the log blocks, memcpy to the corresponding real block */
+       bh_read_batch(get_desc_trans_len(desc), log_blocks);
+       for (i = 0; i < get_desc_trans_len(desc); i++) {
+
+               wait_on_buffer(log_blocks[i]);
+               if (!buffer_uptodate(log_blocks[i])) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1212",
+                                        "REPLAY FAILURE fsck required! "
+                                        "buffer write failed");
+                       brelse_array(log_blocks + i,
+                                    get_desc_trans_len(desc) - i);
+                       brelse_array(real_blocks, get_desc_trans_len(desc));
+                       brelse(c_bh);
+                       brelse(d_bh);
+                       kfree(log_blocks);
+                       kfree(real_blocks);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               memcpy(real_blocks[i]->b_data, log_blocks[i]->b_data,
+                      real_blocks[i]->b_size);
+               set_buffer_uptodate(real_blocks[i]);
+               brelse(log_blocks[i]);
+       }
+       /* flush out the real blocks */
+       for (i = 0; i < get_desc_trans_len(desc); i++) {
+               set_buffer_dirty(real_blocks[i]);
+               write_dirty_buffer(real_blocks[i], 0);
+       }
+       for (i = 0; i < get_desc_trans_len(desc); i++) {
+               wait_on_buffer(real_blocks[i]);
+               if (!buffer_uptodate(real_blocks[i])) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1226",
+                                        "REPLAY FAILURE, fsck required! "
+                                        "buffer write failed");
+                       brelse_array(real_blocks + i,
+                                    get_desc_trans_len(desc) - i);
+                       brelse(c_bh);
+                       brelse(d_bh);
+                       kfree(log_blocks);
+                       kfree(real_blocks);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               brelse(real_blocks[i]);
+       }
+       cur_dblock =
+           SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+           ((trans_offset + get_desc_trans_len(desc) +
+             2) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb));
+       reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                      "journal-1095: setting journal " "start to offset %ld",
+                      cur_dblock - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb));
+
+       /*
+        * init starting values for the first transaction, in case
+        * this is the last transaction to be replayed.
+        */
+       journal->j_start = cur_dblock - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb);
+       journal->j_last_flush_trans_id = trans_id;
+       journal->j_trans_id = trans_id + 1;
+       /* check for trans_id overflow */
+       if (journal->j_trans_id == 0)
+               journal->j_trans_id = 10;
+       brelse(c_bh);
+       brelse(d_bh);
+       kfree(log_blocks);
+       kfree(real_blocks);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function reads blocks starting from block and to max_block of bufsize
+ * size (but no more than BUFNR blocks at a time). This proved to improve
+ * mounting speed on self-rebuilding raid5 arrays at least.
+ * Right now it is only used from journal code. But later we might use it
+ * from other places.
+ * Note: Do not use journal_getblk/sb_getblk functions here!
+ */
+static struct buffer_head *reiserfs_breada(struct block_device *dev,
+                                          b_blocknr_t block, int bufsize,
+                                          b_blocknr_t max_block)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bhlist[BUFNR];
+       unsigned int blocks = BUFNR;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       int i, j;
+
+       bh = __getblk(dev, block, bufsize);
+       if (!bh || buffer_uptodate(bh))
+               return (bh);
+
+       if (block + BUFNR > max_block) {
+               blocks = max_block - block;
+       }
+       bhlist[0] = bh;
+       j = 1;
+       for (i = 1; i < blocks; i++) {
+               bh = __getblk(dev, block + i, bufsize);
+               if (!bh)
+                       break;
+               if (buffer_uptodate(bh)) {
+                       brelse(bh);
+                       break;
+               } else
+                       bhlist[j++] = bh;
+       }
+       bh = bhlist[0];
+       bh_read_nowait(bh, 0);
+       bh_readahead_batch(j - 1, &bhlist[1], 0);
+       for (i = 1; i < j; i++)
+               brelse(bhlist[i]);
+       wait_on_buffer(bh);
+       if (buffer_uptodate(bh))
+               return bh;
+       brelse(bh);
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * read and replay the log
+ * on a clean unmount, the journal header's next unflushed pointer will be
+ * to an invalid transaction.  This tests that before finding all the
+ * transactions in the log, which makes normal mount times fast.
+ *
+ * After a crash, this starts with the next unflushed transaction, and
+ * replays until it finds one too old, or invalid.
+ *
+ * On exit, it sets things up so the first transaction will work correctly.
+ * NOTE: only called during fs mount
+ */
+static int journal_read(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc;
+       unsigned int oldest_trans_id = 0;
+       unsigned int oldest_invalid_trans_id = 0;
+       time64_t start;
+       unsigned long oldest_start = 0;
+       unsigned long cur_dblock = 0;
+       unsigned long newest_mount_id = 9;
+       struct buffer_head *d_bh;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_header *jh;
+       int valid_journal_header = 0;
+       int replay_count = 0;
+       int continue_replay = 1;
+       int ret;
+
+       cur_dblock = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb);
+       reiserfs_info(sb, "checking transaction log (%pg)\n",
+                     file_bdev(journal->j_bdev_file));
+       start = ktime_get_seconds();
+
+       /*
+        * step 1, read in the journal header block.  Check the transaction
+        * it says is the first unflushed, and if that transaction is not
+        * valid, replay is done
+        */
+       journal->j_header_bh = journal_bread(sb,
+                                            SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb)
+                                            + SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb));
+       if (!journal->j_header_bh) {
+               return 1;
+       }
+       jh = (struct reiserfs_journal_header *)(journal->j_header_bh->b_data);
+       if (le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset) <
+           SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb)
+           && le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id) > 0) {
+               oldest_start =
+                   SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                   le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset);
+               oldest_trans_id = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id) + 1;
+               newest_mount_id = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_mount_id);
+               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                              "journal-1153: found in "
+                              "header: first_unflushed_offset %d, last_flushed_trans_id "
+                              "%lu", le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset),
+                              le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id));
+               valid_journal_header = 1;
+
+               /*
+                * now, we try to read the first unflushed offset.  If it
+                * is not valid, there is nothing more we can do, and it
+                * makes no sense to read through the whole log.
+                */
+               d_bh =
+                   journal_bread(sb,
+                                 SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                                 le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset));
+               ret = journal_transaction_is_valid(sb, d_bh, NULL, NULL);
+               if (!ret) {
+                       continue_replay = 0;
+               }
+               brelse(d_bh);
+               goto start_log_replay;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * ok, there are transactions that need to be replayed.  start
+        * with the first log block, find all the valid transactions, and
+        * pick out the oldest.
+        */
+       while (continue_replay
+              && cur_dblock <
+              (SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+               SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb))) {
+               /*
+                * Note that it is required for blocksize of primary fs
+                * device and journal device to be the same
+                */
+               d_bh =
+                   reiserfs_breada(file_bdev(journal->j_bdev_file), cur_dblock,
+                                   sb->s_blocksize,
+                                   SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                                   SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb));
+               ret =
+                   journal_transaction_is_valid(sb, d_bh,
+                                                &oldest_invalid_trans_id,
+                                                &newest_mount_id);
+               if (ret == 1) {
+                       desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)d_bh->b_data;
+                       if (oldest_start == 0) {        /* init all oldest_ values */
+                               oldest_trans_id = get_desc_trans_id(desc);
+                               oldest_start = d_bh->b_blocknr;
+                               newest_mount_id = get_desc_mount_id(desc);
+                               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                              "journal-1179: Setting "
+                                              "oldest_start to offset %llu, trans_id %lu",
+                                              oldest_start -
+                                              SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK
+                                              (sb), oldest_trans_id);
+                       } else if (oldest_trans_id > get_desc_trans_id(desc)) {
+                               /* one we just read was older */
+                               oldest_trans_id = get_desc_trans_id(desc);
+                               oldest_start = d_bh->b_blocknr;
+                               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                              "journal-1180: Resetting "
+                                              "oldest_start to offset %lu, trans_id %lu",
+                                              oldest_start -
+                                              SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK
+                                              (sb), oldest_trans_id);
+                       }
+                       if (newest_mount_id < get_desc_mount_id(desc)) {
+                               newest_mount_id = get_desc_mount_id(desc);
+                               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                              "journal-1299: Setting "
+                                              "newest_mount_id to %d",
+                                              get_desc_mount_id(desc));
+                       }
+                       cur_dblock += get_desc_trans_len(desc) + 2;
+               } else {
+                       cur_dblock++;
+               }
+               brelse(d_bh);
+       }
+
+start_log_replay:
+       cur_dblock = oldest_start;
+       if (oldest_trans_id) {
+               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                              "journal-1206: Starting replay "
+                              "from offset %llu, trans_id %lu",
+                              cur_dblock - SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb),
+                              oldest_trans_id);
+
+       }
+       replay_count = 0;
+       while (continue_replay && oldest_trans_id > 0) {
+               ret =
+                   journal_read_transaction(sb, cur_dblock, oldest_start,
+                                            oldest_trans_id, newest_mount_id);
+               if (ret < 0) {
+                       return ret;
+               } else if (ret != 0) {
+                       break;
+               }
+               cur_dblock =
+                   SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) + journal->j_start;
+               replay_count++;
+               if (cur_dblock == oldest_start)
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       if (oldest_trans_id == 0) {
+               reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                              "journal-1225: No valid " "transactions found");
+       }
+       /*
+        * j_start does not get set correctly if we don't replay any
+        * transactions.  if we had a valid journal_header, set j_start
+        * to the first unflushed transaction value, copy the trans_id
+        * from the header
+        */
+       if (valid_journal_header && replay_count == 0) {
+               journal->j_start = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_first_unflushed_offset);
+               journal->j_trans_id =
+                   le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id) + 1;
+               /* check for trans_id overflow */
+               if (journal->j_trans_id == 0)
+                       journal->j_trans_id = 10;
+               journal->j_last_flush_trans_id =
+                   le32_to_cpu(jh->j_last_flush_trans_id);
+               journal->j_mount_id = le32_to_cpu(jh->j_mount_id) + 1;
+       } else {
+               journal->j_mount_id = newest_mount_id + 1;
+       }
+       reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE, "journal-1299: Setting "
+                      "newest_mount_id to %lu", journal->j_mount_id);
+       journal->j_first_unflushed_offset = journal->j_start;
+       if (replay_count > 0) {
+               reiserfs_info(sb,
+                             "replayed %d transactions in %lu seconds\n",
+                             replay_count, ktime_get_seconds() - start);
+       }
+       /* needed to satisfy the locking in _update_journal_header_block */
+       reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+       if (!bdev_read_only(sb->s_bdev) &&
+           _update_journal_header_block(sb, journal->j_start,
+                                        journal->j_last_flush_trans_id)) {
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+               /*
+                * replay failed, caller must call free_journal_ram and abort
+                * the mount
+                */
+               return -1;
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static struct reiserfs_journal_list *alloc_journal_list(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+       jl = kzalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_list),
+                    GFP_NOFS | __GFP_NOFAIL);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&jl->j_list);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&jl->j_working_list);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&jl->j_tail_bh_list);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&jl->j_bh_list);
+       mutex_init(&jl->j_commit_mutex);
+       SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_num_lists++;
+       get_journal_list(jl);
+       return jl;
+}
+
+static void journal_list_init(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_current_jl = alloc_journal_list(sb);
+}
+
+static void release_journal_dev(struct reiserfs_journal *journal)
+{
+       if (journal->j_bdev_file) {
+               bdev_fput(journal->j_bdev_file);
+               journal->j_bdev_file = NULL;
+       }
+}
+
+static int journal_init_dev(struct super_block *super,
+                           struct reiserfs_journal *journal,
+                           const char *jdev_name)
+{
+       blk_mode_t blkdev_mode = BLK_OPEN_READ;
+       void *holder = journal;
+       int result;
+       dev_t jdev;
+
+       result = 0;
+
+       journal->j_bdev_file = NULL;
+       jdev = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_DEVICE(super) ?
+           new_decode_dev(SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_DEVICE(super)) : super->s_dev;
+
+       if (!bdev_read_only(super->s_bdev))
+               blkdev_mode |= BLK_OPEN_WRITE;
+
+       /* there is no "jdev" option and journal is on separate device */
+       if ((!jdev_name || !jdev_name[0])) {
+               if (jdev == super->s_dev)
+                       holder = NULL;
+               journal->j_bdev_file = bdev_file_open_by_dev(jdev, blkdev_mode,
+                                                         holder, NULL);
+               if (IS_ERR(journal->j_bdev_file)) {
+                       result = PTR_ERR(journal->j_bdev_file);
+                       journal->j_bdev_file = NULL;
+                       reiserfs_warning(super, "sh-458",
+                                        "cannot init journal device unknown-block(%u,%u): %i",
+                                        MAJOR(jdev), MINOR(jdev), result);
+                       return result;
+               } else if (jdev != super->s_dev)
+                       set_blocksize(journal->j_bdev_file, super->s_blocksize);
+
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       journal->j_bdev_file = bdev_file_open_by_path(jdev_name, blkdev_mode,
+                                                  holder, NULL);
+       if (IS_ERR(journal->j_bdev_file)) {
+               result = PTR_ERR(journal->j_bdev_file);
+               journal->j_bdev_file = NULL;
+               reiserfs_warning(super, "sh-457",
+                                "journal_init_dev: Cannot open '%s': %i",
+                                jdev_name, result);
+               return result;
+       }
+
+       set_blocksize(journal->j_bdev_file, super->s_blocksize);
+       reiserfs_info(super,
+                     "journal_init_dev: journal device: %pg\n",
+                     file_bdev(journal->j_bdev_file));
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When creating/tuning a file system user can assign some
+ * journal params within boundaries which depend on the ratio
+ * blocksize/standard_blocksize.
+ *
+ * For blocks >= standard_blocksize transaction size should
+ * be not less then JOURNAL_TRANS_MIN_DEFAULT, and not more
+ * then JOURNAL_TRANS_MAX_DEFAULT.
+ *
+ * For blocks < standard_blocksize these boundaries should be
+ * decreased proportionally.
+ */
+#define REISERFS_STANDARD_BLKSIZE (4096)
+
+static int check_advise_trans_params(struct super_block *sb,
+                                    struct reiserfs_journal *journal)
+{
+        if (journal->j_trans_max) {
+               /* Non-default journal params.  Do sanity check for them. */
+               int ratio = 1;
+               if (sb->s_blocksize < REISERFS_STANDARD_BLKSIZE)
+                       ratio = REISERFS_STANDARD_BLKSIZE / sb->s_blocksize;
+
+               if (journal->j_trans_max > JOURNAL_TRANS_MAX_DEFAULT / ratio ||
+                   journal->j_trans_max < JOURNAL_TRANS_MIN_DEFAULT / ratio ||
+                   SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb) / journal->j_trans_max <
+                   JOURNAL_MIN_RATIO) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "sh-462",
+                                        "bad transaction max size (%u). "
+                                        "FSCK?", journal->j_trans_max);
+                       return 1;
+               }
+               if (journal->j_max_batch != (journal->j_trans_max) *
+                       JOURNAL_MAX_BATCH_DEFAULT/JOURNAL_TRANS_MAX_DEFAULT) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "sh-463",
+                                        "bad transaction max batch (%u). "
+                                        "FSCK?", journal->j_max_batch);
+                       return 1;
+               }
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * Default journal params.
+                * The file system was created by old version
+                * of mkreiserfs, so some fields contain zeros,
+                * and we need to advise proper values for them
+                */
+               if (sb->s_blocksize != REISERFS_STANDARD_BLKSIZE) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "sh-464", "bad blocksize (%u)",
+                                        sb->s_blocksize);
+                       return 1;
+               }
+               journal->j_trans_max = JOURNAL_TRANS_MAX_DEFAULT;
+               journal->j_max_batch = JOURNAL_MAX_BATCH_DEFAULT;
+               journal->j_max_commit_age = JOURNAL_MAX_COMMIT_AGE;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* must be called once on fs mount.  calls journal_read for you */
+int journal_init(struct super_block *sb, const char *j_dev_name,
+                int old_format, unsigned int commit_max_age)
+{
+       int num_cnodes = SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb) * 2;
+       struct buffer_head *bhjh;
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_header *jh;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+       int ret;
+
+       journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb) = vzalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal));
+       if (!journal) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1256",
+                                "unable to get memory for journal structure");
+               return 1;
+       }
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&journal->j_bitmap_nodes);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&journal->j_prealloc_list);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&journal->j_working_list);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&journal->j_journal_list);
+       journal->j_persistent_trans = 0;
+       if (reiserfs_allocate_list_bitmaps(sb, journal->j_list_bitmap,
+                                          reiserfs_bmap_count(sb)))
+               goto free_and_return;
+
+       allocate_bitmap_nodes(sb);
+
+       /* reserved for journal area support */
+       SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(sb) = (old_format ?
+                                                REISERFS_OLD_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES
+                                                / sb->s_blocksize +
+                                                reiserfs_bmap_count(sb) +
+                                                1 :
+                                                REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES /
+                                                sb->s_blocksize + 2);
+
+       /*
+        * Sanity check to see is the standard journal fitting
+        * within first bitmap (actual for small blocksizes)
+        */
+       if (!SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_DEVICE(sb) &&
+           (SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(sb) +
+            SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb) > sb->s_blocksize * 8)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1393",
+                                "journal does not fit for area addressed "
+                                "by first of bitmap blocks. It starts at "
+                                "%u and its size is %u. Block size %ld",
+                                SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(sb),
+                                SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb),
+                                sb->s_blocksize);
+               goto free_and_return;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Sanity check to see if journal first block is correct.
+        * If journal first block is invalid it can cause
+        * zeroing important superblock members.
+        */
+       if (!SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_DEVICE(sb) &&
+           SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) < SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(sb)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1393",
+                                "journal 1st super block is invalid: 1st reserved block %d, but actual 1st block is %d",
+                                SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(sb),
+                                SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb));
+               goto free_and_return;
+       }
+
+       if (journal_init_dev(sb, journal, j_dev_name) != 0) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "sh-462",
+                                "unable to initialize journal device");
+               goto free_and_return;
+       }
+
+       rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(sb);
+
+       /* read journal header */
+       bhjh = journal_bread(sb,
+                            SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                            SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb));
+       if (!bhjh) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "sh-459",
+                                "unable to read journal header");
+               goto free_and_return;
+       }
+       jh = (struct reiserfs_journal_header *)(bhjh->b_data);
+
+       /* make sure that journal matches to the super block */
+       if (is_reiserfs_jr(rs)
+           && (le32_to_cpu(jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_magic) !=
+               sb_jp_journal_magic(rs))) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "sh-460",
+                                "journal header magic %x (device %pg) does "
+                                "not match to magic found in super block %x",
+                                jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_magic,
+                                file_bdev(journal->j_bdev_file),
+                                sb_jp_journal_magic(rs));
+               brelse(bhjh);
+               goto free_and_return;
+       }
+
+       journal->j_trans_max = le32_to_cpu(jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_trans_max);
+       journal->j_max_batch = le32_to_cpu(jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_max_batch);
+       journal->j_max_commit_age =
+           le32_to_cpu(jh->jh_journal.jp_journal_max_commit_age);
+       journal->j_max_trans_age = JOURNAL_MAX_TRANS_AGE;
+
+       if (check_advise_trans_params(sb, journal) != 0)
+               goto free_and_return;
+       journal->j_default_max_commit_age = journal->j_max_commit_age;
+
+       if (commit_max_age != 0) {
+               journal->j_max_commit_age = commit_max_age;
+               journal->j_max_trans_age = commit_max_age;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_info(sb, "journal params: device %pg, size %u, "
+                     "journal first block %u, max trans len %u, max batch %u, "
+                     "max commit age %u, max trans age %u\n",
+                     file_bdev(journal->j_bdev_file),
+                     SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb),
+                     SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb),
+                     journal->j_trans_max,
+                     journal->j_max_batch,
+                     journal->j_max_commit_age, journal->j_max_trans_age);
+
+       brelse(bhjh);
+
+       journal->j_list_bitmap_index = 0;
+       journal_list_init(sb);
+
+       memset(journal->j_list_hash_table, 0,
+              JOURNAL_HASH_SIZE * sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *));
+
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&journal->j_dirty_buffers);
+       spin_lock_init(&journal->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+
+       journal->j_start = 0;
+       journal->j_len = 0;
+       journal->j_len_alloc = 0;
+       atomic_set(&journal->j_wcount, 0);
+       atomic_set(&journal->j_async_throttle, 0);
+       journal->j_bcount = 0;
+       journal->j_trans_start_time = 0;
+       journal->j_last = NULL;
+       journal->j_first = NULL;
+       init_waitqueue_head(&journal->j_join_wait);
+       mutex_init(&journal->j_mutex);
+       mutex_init(&journal->j_flush_mutex);
+
+       journal->j_trans_id = 10;
+       journal->j_mount_id = 10;
+       journal->j_state = 0;
+       atomic_set(&journal->j_jlock, 0);
+       journal->j_cnode_free_list = allocate_cnodes(num_cnodes);
+       journal->j_cnode_free_orig = journal->j_cnode_free_list;
+       journal->j_cnode_free = journal->j_cnode_free_list ? num_cnodes : 0;
+       journal->j_cnode_used = 0;
+       journal->j_must_wait = 0;
+
+       if (journal->j_cnode_free == 0) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-2004", "Journal cnode memory "
+                                "allocation failed (%ld bytes). Journal is "
+                                "too large for available memory. Usually "
+                                "this is due to a journal that is too large.",
+                                sizeof (struct reiserfs_journal_cnode) * num_cnodes);
+               goto free_and_return;
+       }
+
+       init_journal_hash(sb);
+       jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+
+       /*
+        * get_list_bitmap() may call flush_commit_list() which
+        * requires the lock. Calling flush_commit_list() shouldn't happen
+        * this early but I like to be paranoid.
+        */
+       reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+       jl->j_list_bitmap = get_list_bitmap(sb, jl);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+       if (!jl->j_list_bitmap) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-2005",
+                                "get_list_bitmap failed for journal list 0");
+               goto free_and_return;
+       }
+
+       ret = journal_read(sb);
+       if (ret < 0) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "reiserfs-2006",
+                                "Replay Failure, unable to mount");
+               goto free_and_return;
+       }
+
+       INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&journal->j_work, flush_async_commits);
+       journal->j_work_sb = sb;
+       return 0;
+free_and_return:
+       free_journal_ram(sb);
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * test for a polite end of the current transaction.  Used by file_write,
+ * and should be used by delete to make sure they don't write more than
+ * can fit inside a single transaction
+ */
+int journal_transaction_should_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                  int new_alloc)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(th->t_super);
+       time64_t now = ktime_get_seconds();
+       /* cannot restart while nested */
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       if (th->t_refcount > 1)
+               return 0;
+       if (journal->j_must_wait > 0 ||
+           (journal->j_len_alloc + new_alloc) >= journal->j_max_batch ||
+           atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock) ||
+           (now - journal->j_trans_start_time) > journal->j_max_trans_age ||
+           journal->j_cnode_free < (journal->j_trans_max * 3)) {
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       journal->j_len_alloc += new_alloc;
+       th->t_blocks_allocated += new_alloc ;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* this must be called inside a transaction */
+void reiserfs_block_writes(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(th->t_super);
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       journal->j_must_wait = 1;
+       set_bit(J_WRITERS_BLOCKED, &journal->j_state);
+       return;
+}
+
+/* this must be called without a transaction started */
+void reiserfs_allow_writes(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       clear_bit(J_WRITERS_BLOCKED, &journal->j_state);
+       wake_up(&journal->j_join_wait);
+}
+
+/* this must be called without a transaction started */
+void reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       wait_event(journal->j_join_wait,
+                  !test_bit(J_WRITERS_BLOCKED, &journal->j_state));
+}
+
+static void queue_log_writer(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       wait_queue_entry_t wait;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       set_bit(J_WRITERS_QUEUED, &journal->j_state);
+
+       /*
+        * we don't want to use wait_event here because
+        * we only want to wait once.
+        */
+       init_waitqueue_entry(&wait, current);
+       add_wait_queue(&journal->j_join_wait, &wait);
+       set_current_state(TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);
+       if (test_bit(J_WRITERS_QUEUED, &journal->j_state)) {
+               int depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+               schedule();
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       }
+       __set_current_state(TASK_RUNNING);
+       remove_wait_queue(&journal->j_join_wait, &wait);
+}
+
+static void wake_queued_writers(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       if (test_and_clear_bit(J_WRITERS_QUEUED, &journal->j_state))
+               wake_up(&journal->j_join_wait);
+}
+
+static void let_transaction_grow(struct super_block *sb, unsigned int trans_id)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       unsigned long bcount = journal->j_bcount;
+       while (1) {
+               int depth;
+
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+               schedule_timeout_uninterruptible(1);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+
+               journal->j_current_jl->j_state |= LIST_COMMIT_PENDING;
+               while ((atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) > 0 ||
+                       atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock)) &&
+                      journal->j_trans_id == trans_id) {
+                       queue_log_writer(sb);
+               }
+               if (journal->j_trans_id != trans_id)
+                       break;
+               if (bcount == journal->j_bcount)
+                       break;
+               bcount = journal->j_bcount;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * join == true if you must join an existing transaction.
+ * join == false if you can deal with waiting for others to finish
+ *
+ * this will block until the transaction is joinable.  send the number of
+ * blocks you expect to use in nblocks.
+*/
+static int do_journal_begin_r(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                             struct super_block *sb, unsigned long nblocks,
+                             int join)
+{
+       time64_t now = ktime_get_seconds();
+       unsigned int old_trans_id;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle myth;
+       int retval;
+       int depth;
+
+       reiserfs_check_lock_depth(sb, "journal_begin");
+       BUG_ON(nblocks > journal->j_trans_max);
+
+       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.journal_being);
+       /* set here for journal_join */
+       th->t_refcount = 1;
+       th->t_super = sb;
+
+relock:
+       lock_journal(sb);
+       if (join != JBEGIN_ABORT && reiserfs_is_journal_aborted(journal)) {
+               unlock_journal(sb);
+               retval = journal->j_errno;
+               goto out_fail;
+       }
+       journal->j_bcount++;
+
+       if (test_bit(J_WRITERS_BLOCKED, &journal->j_state)) {
+               unlock_journal(sb);
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+               reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(sb);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+               PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.journal_relock_writers);
+               goto relock;
+       }
+       now = ktime_get_seconds();
+
+       /*
+        * if there is no room in the journal OR
+        * if this transaction is too old, and we weren't called joinable,
+        * wait for it to finish before beginning we don't sleep if there
+        * aren't other writers
+        */
+
+       if ((!join && journal->j_must_wait > 0) ||
+           (!join
+            && (journal->j_len_alloc + nblocks + 2) >= journal->j_max_batch)
+           || (!join && atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) > 0
+               && journal->j_trans_start_time > 0
+               && (now - journal->j_trans_start_time) >
+               journal->j_max_trans_age) || (!join
+                                             && atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock))
+           || (!join && journal->j_cnode_free < (journal->j_trans_max * 3))) {
+
+               old_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id;
+               /* allow others to finish this transaction */
+               unlock_journal(sb);
+
+               if (!join && (journal->j_len_alloc + nblocks + 2) >=
+                   journal->j_max_batch &&
+                   ((journal->j_len + nblocks + 2) * 100) <
+                   (journal->j_len_alloc * 75)) {
+                       if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) > 10) {
+                               queue_log_writer(sb);
+                               goto relock;
+                       }
+               }
+               /*
+                * don't mess with joining the transaction if all we
+                * have to do is wait for someone else to do a commit
+                */
+               if (atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock)) {
+                       while (journal->j_trans_id == old_trans_id &&
+                              atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock)) {
+                               queue_log_writer(sb);
+                       }
+                       goto relock;
+               }
+               retval = journal_join(&myth, sb);
+               if (retval)
+                       goto out_fail;
+
+               /* someone might have ended the transaction while we joined */
+               if (old_trans_id != journal->j_trans_id) {
+                       retval = do_journal_end(&myth, 0);
+               } else {
+                       retval = do_journal_end(&myth, COMMIT_NOW);
+               }
+
+               if (retval)
+                       goto out_fail;
+
+               PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.journal_relock_wcount);
+               goto relock;
+       }
+       /* we are the first writer, set trans_id */
+       if (journal->j_trans_start_time == 0) {
+               journal->j_trans_start_time = ktime_get_seconds();
+       }
+       atomic_inc(&journal->j_wcount);
+       journal->j_len_alloc += nblocks;
+       th->t_blocks_logged = 0;
+       th->t_blocks_allocated = nblocks;
+       th->t_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id;
+       unlock_journal(sb);
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&th->t_list);
+       return 0;
+
+out_fail:
+       memset(th, 0, sizeof(*th));
+       /*
+        * Re-set th->t_super, so we can properly keep track of how many
+        * persistent transactions there are. We need to do this so if this
+        * call is part of a failed restart_transaction, we can free it later
+        */
+       th->t_super = sb;
+       return retval;
+}
+
+struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *reiserfs_persistent_transaction(struct
+                                                                   super_block
+                                                                   *s,
+                                                                   int nblocks)
+{
+       int ret;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th;
+
+       /*
+        * if we're nesting into an existing transaction.  It will be
+        * persistent on its own
+        */
+       if (reiserfs_transaction_running(s)) {
+               th = current->journal_info;
+               th->t_refcount++;
+               BUG_ON(th->t_refcount < 2);
+
+               return th;
+       }
+       th = kmalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle), GFP_NOFS);
+       if (!th)
+               return NULL;
+       ret = journal_begin(th, s, nblocks);
+       if (ret) {
+               kfree(th);
+               return NULL;
+       }
+
+       SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_persistent_trans++;
+       return th;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th)
+{
+       struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+       int ret = 0;
+       if (th->t_trans_id)
+               ret = journal_end(th);
+       else
+               ret = -EIO;
+       if (th->t_refcount == 0) {
+               SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_persistent_trans--;
+               kfree(th);
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static int journal_join(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                       struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *cur_th = current->journal_info;
+
+       /*
+        * this keeps do_journal_end from NULLing out the
+        * current->journal_info pointer
+        */
+       th->t_handle_save = cur_th;
+       BUG_ON(cur_th && cur_th->t_refcount > 1);
+       return do_journal_begin_r(th, sb, 1, JBEGIN_JOIN);
+}
+
+int journal_join_abort(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                      struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *cur_th = current->journal_info;
+
+       /*
+        * this keeps do_journal_end from NULLing out the
+        * current->journal_info pointer
+        */
+       th->t_handle_save = cur_th;
+       BUG_ON(cur_th && cur_th->t_refcount > 1);
+       return do_journal_begin_r(th, sb, 1, JBEGIN_ABORT);
+}
+
+int journal_begin(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                 struct super_block *sb, unsigned long nblocks)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *cur_th = current->journal_info;
+       int ret;
+
+       th->t_handle_save = NULL;
+       if (cur_th) {
+               /* we are nesting into the current transaction */
+               if (cur_th->t_super == sb) {
+                       BUG_ON(!cur_th->t_refcount);
+                       cur_th->t_refcount++;
+                       memcpy(th, cur_th, sizeof(*th));
+                       if (th->t_refcount <= 1)
+                               reiserfs_warning(sb, "reiserfs-2005",
+                                                "BAD: refcount <= 1, but "
+                                                "journal_info != 0");
+                       return 0;
+               } else {
+                       /*
+                        * we've ended up with a handle from a different
+                        * filesystem.  save it and restore on journal_end.
+                        * This should never really happen...
+                        */
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "clm-2100",
+                                        "nesting info a different FS");
+                       th->t_handle_save = current->journal_info;
+                       current->journal_info = th;
+               }
+       } else {
+               current->journal_info = th;
+       }
+       ret = do_journal_begin_r(th, sb, nblocks, JBEGIN_REG);
+       BUG_ON(current->journal_info != th);
+
+       /*
+        * I guess this boils down to being the reciprocal of clm-2100 above.
+        * If do_journal_begin_r fails, we need to put it back, since
+        * journal_end won't be called to do it. */
+       if (ret)
+               current->journal_info = th->t_handle_save;
+       else
+               BUG_ON(!th->t_refcount);
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * puts bh into the current transaction.  If it was already there, reorders
+ * removes the old pointers from the hash, and puts new ones in (to make
+ * sure replay happen in the right order).
+ *
+ * if it was dirty, cleans and files onto the clean list.  I can't let it
+ * be dirty again until the transaction is committed.
+ *
+ * if j_len, is bigger than j_len_alloc, it pushes j_len_alloc to 10 + j_len.
+ */
+int journal_mark_dirty(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                      struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn = NULL;
+       int count_already_incd = 0;
+       int prepared = 0;
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.mark_dirty);
+       if (th->t_trans_id != journal->j_trans_id) {
+               reiserfs_panic(th->t_super, "journal-1577",
+                              "handle trans id %ld != current trans id %ld",
+                              th->t_trans_id, journal->j_trans_id);
+       }
+
+       prepared = test_clear_buffer_journal_prepared(bh);
+       clear_buffer_journal_restore_dirty(bh);
+       /* already in this transaction, we are done */
+       if (buffer_journaled(bh)) {
+               PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.mark_dirty_already);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * this must be turned into a panic instead of a warning.  We can't
+        * allow a dirty or journal_dirty or locked buffer to be logged, as
+        * some changes could get to disk too early.  NOT GOOD.
+        */
+       if (!prepared || buffer_dirty(bh)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1777",
+                                "buffer %llu bad state "
+                                "%cPREPARED %cLOCKED %cDIRTY %cJDIRTY_WAIT",
+                                (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr,
+                                prepared ? ' ' : '!',
+                                buffer_locked(bh) ? ' ' : '!',
+                                buffer_dirty(bh) ? ' ' : '!',
+                                buffer_journal_dirty(bh) ? ' ' : '!');
+       }
+
+       if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) <= 0) {
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1409",
+                                "returning because j_wcount was %d",
+                                atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount));
+               return 1;
+       }
+       /*
+        * this error means I've screwed up, and we've overflowed
+        * the transaction.  Nothing can be done here, except make the
+        * FS readonly or panic.
+        */
+       if (journal->j_len >= journal->j_trans_max) {
+               reiserfs_panic(th->t_super, "journal-1413",
+                              "j_len (%lu) is too big",
+                              journal->j_len);
+       }
+
+       if (buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+               count_already_incd = 1;
+               PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.mark_dirty_notjournal);
+               clear_buffer_journal_dirty(bh);
+       }
+
+       if (journal->j_len > journal->j_len_alloc) {
+               journal->j_len_alloc = journal->j_len + JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT;
+       }
+
+       set_buffer_journaled(bh);
+
+       /* now put this guy on the end */
+       if (!cn) {
+               cn = get_cnode(sb);
+               if (!cn) {
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "journal-4", "get_cnode failed!");
+               }
+
+               if (th->t_blocks_logged == th->t_blocks_allocated) {
+                       th->t_blocks_allocated += JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT;
+                       journal->j_len_alloc += JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT;
+               }
+               th->t_blocks_logged++;
+               journal->j_len++;
+
+               cn->bh = bh;
+               cn->blocknr = bh->b_blocknr;
+               cn->sb = sb;
+               cn->jlist = NULL;
+               insert_journal_hash(journal->j_hash_table, cn);
+               if (!count_already_incd) {
+                       get_bh(bh);
+               }
+       }
+       cn->next = NULL;
+       cn->prev = journal->j_last;
+       cn->bh = bh;
+       if (journal->j_last) {
+               journal->j_last->next = cn;
+               journal->j_last = cn;
+       } else {
+               journal->j_first = cn;
+               journal->j_last = cn;
+       }
+       reiserfs_schedule_old_flush(sb);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int journal_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+       if (!current->journal_info && th->t_refcount > 1)
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "REISER-NESTING",
+                                "th NULL, refcount %d", th->t_refcount);
+
+       if (!th->t_trans_id) {
+               WARN_ON(1);
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+
+       th->t_refcount--;
+       if (th->t_refcount > 0) {
+               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *cur_th =
+                   current->journal_info;
+
+               /*
+                * we aren't allowed to close a nested transaction on a
+                * different filesystem from the one in the task struct
+                */
+               BUG_ON(cur_th->t_super != th->t_super);
+
+               if (th != cur_th) {
+                       memcpy(current->journal_info, th, sizeof(*th));
+                       th->t_trans_id = 0;
+               }
+               return 0;
+       } else {
+               return do_journal_end(th, 0);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * removes from the current transaction, relsing and descrementing any counters.
+ * also files the removed buffer directly onto the clean list
+ *
+ * called by journal_mark_freed when a block has been deleted
+ *
+ * returns 1 if it cleaned and relsed the buffer. 0 otherwise
+ */
+static int remove_from_transaction(struct super_block *sb,
+                                  b_blocknr_t blocknr, int already_cleaned)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       cn = get_journal_hash_dev(sb, journal->j_hash_table, blocknr);
+       if (!cn || !cn->bh) {
+               return ret;
+       }
+       bh = cn->bh;
+       if (cn->prev) {
+               cn->prev->next = cn->next;
+       }
+       if (cn->next) {
+               cn->next->prev = cn->prev;
+       }
+       if (cn == journal->j_first) {
+               journal->j_first = cn->next;
+       }
+       if (cn == journal->j_last) {
+               journal->j_last = cn->prev;
+       }
+       remove_journal_hash(sb, journal->j_hash_table, NULL,
+                           bh->b_blocknr, 0);
+       clear_buffer_journaled(bh);     /* don't log this one */
+
+       if (!already_cleaned) {
+               clear_buffer_journal_dirty(bh);
+               clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+               clear_buffer_journal_test(bh);
+               put_bh(bh);
+               if (atomic_read(&bh->b_count) < 0) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-1752",
+                                        "b_count < 0");
+               }
+               ret = 1;
+       }
+       journal->j_len--;
+       journal->j_len_alloc--;
+       free_cnode(sb, cn);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * for any cnode in a journal list, it can only be dirtied of all the
+ * transactions that include it are committed to disk.
+ * this checks through each transaction, and returns 1 if you are allowed
+ * to dirty, and 0 if you aren't
+ *
+ * it is called by dirty_journal_list, which is called after
+ * flush_commit_list has gotten all the log blocks for a given
+ * transaction on disk
+ *
+ */
+static int can_dirty(struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = cn->sb;
+       b_blocknr_t blocknr = cn->blocknr;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cur = cn->hprev;
+       int can_dirty = 1;
+
+       /*
+        * first test hprev.  These are all newer than cn, so any node here
+        * with the same block number and dev means this node can't be sent
+        * to disk right now.
+        */
+       while (cur && can_dirty) {
+               if (cur->jlist && cur->bh && cur->blocknr && cur->sb == sb &&
+                   cur->blocknr == blocknr) {
+                       can_dirty = 0;
+               }
+               cur = cur->hprev;
+       }
+       /*
+        * then test hnext.  These are all older than cn.  As long as they
+        * are committed to the log, it is safe to write cn to disk
+        */
+       cur = cn->hnext;
+       while (cur && can_dirty) {
+               if (cur->jlist && cur->jlist->j_len > 0 &&
+                   atomic_read(&cur->jlist->j_commit_left) > 0 && cur->bh &&
+                   cur->blocknr && cur->sb == sb && cur->blocknr == blocknr) {
+                       can_dirty = 0;
+               }
+               cur = cur->hnext;
+       }
+       return can_dirty;
+}
+
+/*
+ * syncs the commit blocks, but does not force the real buffers to disk
+ * will wait until the current transaction is done/committed before returning
+ */
+int journal_end_sync(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       /* you can sync while nested, very, very bad */
+       BUG_ON(th->t_refcount > 1);
+       if (journal->j_len == 0) {
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb),
+                                            1);
+               journal_mark_dirty(th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb));
+       }
+       return do_journal_end(th, COMMIT_NOW | WAIT);
+}
+
+/* writeback the pending async commits to disk */
+static void flush_async_commits(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal =
+               container_of(work, struct reiserfs_journal, j_work.work);
+       struct super_block *sb = journal->j_work_sb;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+       struct list_head *entry;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+       if (!list_empty(&journal->j_journal_list)) {
+               /* last entry is the youngest, commit it and you get everything */
+               entry = journal->j_journal_list.prev;
+               jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+               flush_commit_list(sb, jl, 1);
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+}
+
+/*
+ * flushes any old transactions to disk
+ * ends the current transaction if it is too old
+ */
+void reiserfs_flush_old_commits(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       time64_t now;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+
+       now = ktime_get_seconds();
+       /*
+        * safety check so we don't flush while we are replaying the log during
+        * mount
+        */
+       if (list_empty(&journal->j_journal_list))
+               return;
+
+       /*
+        * check the current transaction.  If there are no writers, and it is
+        * too old, finish it, and force the commit blocks to disk
+        */
+       if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) <= 0 &&
+           journal->j_trans_start_time > 0 &&
+           journal->j_len > 0 &&
+           (now - journal->j_trans_start_time) > journal->j_max_trans_age) {
+               if (!journal_join(&th, sb)) {
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb,
+                                                    SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb),
+                                                    1);
+                       journal_mark_dirty(&th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb));
+
+                       /*
+                        * we're only being called from kreiserfsd, it makes
+                        * no sense to do an async commit so that kreiserfsd
+                        * can do it later
+                        */
+                       do_journal_end(&th, COMMIT_NOW | WAIT);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * returns 0 if do_journal_end should return right away, returns 1 if
+ * do_journal_end should finish the commit
+ *
+ * if the current transaction is too old, but still has writers, this will
+ * wait on j_join_wait until all the writers are done.  By the time it
+ * wakes up, the transaction it was called has already ended, so it just
+ * flushes the commit list and returns 0.
+ *
+ * Won't batch when flush or commit_now is set.  Also won't batch when
+ * others are waiting on j_join_wait.
+ *
+ * Note, we can't allow the journal_end to proceed while there are still
+ * writers in the log.
+ */
+static int check_journal_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, int flags)
+{
+
+       time64_t now;
+       int flush = flags & FLUSH_ALL;
+       int commit_now = flags & COMMIT_NOW;
+       int wait_on_commit = flags & WAIT;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+       struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       if (th->t_trans_id != journal->j_trans_id) {
+               reiserfs_panic(th->t_super, "journal-1577",
+                              "handle trans id %ld != current trans id %ld",
+                              th->t_trans_id, journal->j_trans_id);
+       }
+
+       journal->j_len_alloc -= (th->t_blocks_allocated - th->t_blocks_logged);
+       /* <= 0 is allowed.  unmounting might not call begin */
+       if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) > 0)
+               atomic_dec(&journal->j_wcount);
+
+       /*
+        * BUG, deal with case where j_len is 0, but people previously
+        * freed blocks need to be released will be dealt with by next
+        * transaction that actually writes something, but should be taken
+        * care of in this trans
+        */
+       BUG_ON(journal->j_len == 0);
+
+       /*
+        * if wcount > 0, and we are called to with flush or commit_now,
+        * we wait on j_join_wait.  We will wake up when the last writer has
+        * finished the transaction, and started it on its way to the disk.
+        * Then, we flush the commit or journal list, and just return 0
+        * because the rest of journal end was already done for this
+        * transaction.
+        */
+       if (atomic_read(&journal->j_wcount) > 0) {
+               if (flush || commit_now) {
+                       unsigned trans_id;
+
+                       jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+                       trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+                       if (wait_on_commit)
+                               jl->j_state |= LIST_COMMIT_PENDING;
+                       atomic_set(&journal->j_jlock, 1);
+                       if (flush) {
+                               journal->j_next_full_flush = 1;
+                       }
+                       unlock_journal(sb);
+
+                       /*
+                        * sleep while the current transaction is
+                        * still j_jlocked
+                        */
+                       while (journal->j_trans_id == trans_id) {
+                               if (atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock)) {
+                                       queue_log_writer(sb);
+                               } else {
+                                       lock_journal(sb);
+                                       if (journal->j_trans_id == trans_id) {
+                                               atomic_set(&journal->j_jlock,
+                                                          1);
+                                       }
+                                       unlock_journal(sb);
+                               }
+                       }
+                       BUG_ON(journal->j_trans_id == trans_id);
+
+                       if (commit_now
+                           && journal_list_still_alive(sb, trans_id)
+                           && wait_on_commit) {
+                               flush_commit_list(sb, jl, 1);
+                       }
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               unlock_journal(sb);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* deal with old transactions where we are the last writers */
+       now = ktime_get_seconds();
+       if ((now - journal->j_trans_start_time) > journal->j_max_trans_age) {
+               commit_now = 1;
+               journal->j_next_async_flush = 1;
+       }
+       /* don't batch when someone is waiting on j_join_wait */
+       /* don't batch when syncing the commit or flushing the whole trans */
+       if (!(journal->j_must_wait > 0) && !(atomic_read(&journal->j_jlock))
+           && !flush && !commit_now && (journal->j_len < journal->j_max_batch)
+           && journal->j_len_alloc < journal->j_max_batch
+           && journal->j_cnode_free > (journal->j_trans_max * 3)) {
+               journal->j_bcount++;
+               unlock_journal(sb);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (journal->j_start > SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb)) {
+               reiserfs_panic(sb, "journal-003",
+                              "j_start (%ld) is too high",
+                              journal->j_start);
+       }
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Does all the work that makes deleting blocks safe.
+ * when deleting a block mark BH_JNew, just remove it from the current
+ * transaction, clean it's buffer_head and move on.
+ *
+ * otherwise:
+ * set a bit for the block in the journal bitmap.  That will prevent it from
+ * being allocated for unformatted nodes before this transaction has finished.
+ *
+ * mark any cnodes for this block as BLOCK_FREED, and clear their bh pointers.
+ * That will prevent any old transactions with this block from trying to flush
+ * to the real location.  Since we aren't removing the cnode from the
+ * journal_list_hash, *the block can't be reallocated yet.
+ *
+ * Then remove it from the current transaction, decrementing any counters and
+ * filing it on the clean list.
+ */
+int journal_mark_freed(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                      struct super_block *sb, b_blocknr_t blocknr)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn = NULL;
+       struct buffer_head *bh = NULL;
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb = NULL;
+       int cleaned = 0;
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       cn = get_journal_hash_dev(sb, journal->j_hash_table, blocknr);
+       if (cn && cn->bh) {
+               bh = cn->bh;
+               get_bh(bh);
+       }
+       /* if it is journal new, we just remove it from this transaction */
+       if (bh && buffer_journal_new(bh)) {
+               clear_buffer_journal_new(bh);
+               clear_prepared_bits(bh);
+               reiserfs_clean_and_file_buffer(bh);
+               cleaned = remove_from_transaction(sb, blocknr, cleaned);
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * set the bit for this block in the journal bitmap
+                * for this transaction
+                */
+               jb = journal->j_current_jl->j_list_bitmap;
+               if (!jb) {
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "journal-1702",
+                                      "journal_list_bitmap is NULL");
+               }
+               set_bit_in_list_bitmap(sb, blocknr, jb);
+
+               /* Note, the entire while loop is not allowed to schedule.  */
+
+               if (bh) {
+                       clear_prepared_bits(bh);
+                       reiserfs_clean_and_file_buffer(bh);
+               }
+               cleaned = remove_from_transaction(sb, blocknr, cleaned);
+
+               /*
+                * find all older transactions with this block,
+                * make sure they don't try to write it out
+                */
+               cn = get_journal_hash_dev(sb, journal->j_list_hash_table,
+                                         blocknr);
+               while (cn) {
+                       if (sb == cn->sb && blocknr == cn->blocknr) {
+                               set_bit(BLOCK_FREED, &cn->state);
+                               if (cn->bh) {
+                                       /*
+                                        * remove_from_transaction will brelse
+                                        * the buffer if it was in the current
+                                        * trans
+                                        */
+                                       if (!cleaned) {
+                                               clear_buffer_journal_dirty(cn->
+                                                                          bh);
+                                               clear_buffer_dirty(cn->bh);
+                                               clear_buffer_journal_test(cn->
+                                                                         bh);
+                                               cleaned = 1;
+                                               put_bh(cn->bh);
+                                               if (atomic_read
+                                                   (&cn->bh->b_count) < 0) {
+                                                       reiserfs_warning(sb,
+                                                                "journal-2138",
+                                                                "cn->bh->b_count < 0");
+                                               }
+                                       }
+                                       /*
+                                        * since we are clearing the bh,
+                                        * we MUST dec nonzerolen
+                                        */
+                                       if (cn->jlist) {
+                                               atomic_dec(&cn->jlist->
+                                                          j_nonzerolen);
+                                       }
+                                       cn->bh = NULL;
+                               }
+                       }
+                       cn = cn->hnext;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (bh)
+               release_buffer_page(bh); /* get_hash grabs the buffer */
+       return 0;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb);
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id;
+}
+
+/*
+ * returns -1 on error, 0 if no commits/barriers were done and 1
+ * if a transaction was actually committed and the barrier was done
+ */
+static int __commit_trans_jl(struct inode *inode, unsigned long id,
+                            struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       int ret = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * is it from the current transaction,
+        * or from an unknown transaction?
+        */
+       if (id == journal->j_trans_id) {
+               jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+               /*
+                * try to let other writers come in and
+                * grow this transaction
+                */
+               let_transaction_grow(sb, id);
+               if (journal->j_trans_id != id) {
+                       goto flush_commit_only;
+               }
+
+               ret = journal_begin(&th, sb, 1);
+               if (ret)
+                       return ret;
+
+               /* someone might have ended this transaction while we joined */
+               if (journal->j_trans_id != id) {
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb),
+                                                    1);
+                       journal_mark_dirty(&th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb));
+                       ret = journal_end(&th);
+                       goto flush_commit_only;
+               }
+
+               ret = journal_end_sync(&th);
+               if (!ret)
+                       ret = 1;
+
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * this gets tricky, we have to make sure the journal list in
+                * the inode still exists.  We know the list is still around
+                * if we've got a larger transaction id than the oldest list
+                */
+flush_commit_only:
+               if (journal_list_still_alive(inode->i_sb, id)) {
+                       /*
+                        * we only set ret to 1 when we know for sure
+                        * the barrier hasn't been started yet on the commit
+                        * block.
+                        */
+                       if (atomic_read(&jl->j_commit_left) > 1)
+                               ret = 1;
+                       flush_commit_list(sb, jl, 1);
+                       if (journal->j_errno)
+                               ret = journal->j_errno;
+               }
+       }
+       /* otherwise the list is gone, and long since committed */
+       return ret;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_commit_for_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       unsigned int id = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_jl;
+
+       /*
+        * for the whole inode, assume unset id means it was
+        * changed in the current transaction.  More conservative
+        */
+       if (!id || !jl) {
+               reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+               id = REISERFS_I(inode)->i_trans_id;
+               /* jl will be updated in __commit_trans_jl */
+       }
+
+       return __commit_trans_jl(inode, id, jl);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(struct super_block *sb,
+                                     struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.restore_prepared);
+       if (!bh) {
+               return;
+       }
+       if (test_clear_buffer_journal_restore_dirty(bh) &&
+           buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+               struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn;
+               reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+               cn = get_journal_hash_dev(sb,
+                                         journal->j_list_hash_table,
+                                         bh->b_blocknr);
+               if (cn && can_dirty(cn)) {
+                       set_buffer_journal_test(bh);
+                       mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+               }
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+       }
+       clear_buffer_journal_prepared(bh);
+}
+
+extern struct tree_balance *cur_tb;
+/*
+ * before we can change a metadata block, we have to make sure it won't
+ * be written to disk while we are altering it.  So, we must:
+ * clean it
+ * wait on it.
+ */
+int reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(struct super_block *sb,
+                                struct buffer_head *bh, int wait)
+{
+       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, journal.prepare);
+
+       if (!trylock_buffer(bh)) {
+               if (!wait)
+                       return 0;
+               lock_buffer(bh);
+       }
+       set_buffer_journal_prepared(bh);
+       if (test_clear_buffer_dirty(bh) && buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+               clear_buffer_journal_test(bh);
+               set_buffer_journal_restore_dirty(bh);
+       }
+       unlock_buffer(bh);
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * long and ugly.  If flush, will not return until all commit
+ * blocks and all real buffers in the trans are on disk.
+ * If no_async, won't return until all commit blocks are on disk.
+ *
+ * keep reading, there are comments as you go along
+ *
+ * If the journal is aborted, we just clean up. Things like flushing
+ * journal lists, etc just won't happen.
+ */
+static int do_journal_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, int flags)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *cn, *next, *jl_cn;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *last_cn = NULL;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_commit *commit;
+       struct buffer_head *c_bh;       /* commit bh */
+       struct buffer_head *d_bh;       /* desc bh */
+       int cur_write_start = 0;        /* start index of current log write */
+       int i;
+       int flush;
+       int wait_on_commit;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl, *temp_jl;
+       struct list_head *entry, *safe;
+       unsigned long jindex;
+       unsigned int commit_trans_id;
+       int trans_half;
+       int depth;
+
+       BUG_ON(th->t_refcount > 1);
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_super);
+
+       /*
+        * protect flush_older_commits from doing mistakes if the
+        * transaction ID counter gets overflowed.
+        */
+       if (th->t_trans_id == ~0U)
+               flags |= FLUSH_ALL | COMMIT_NOW | WAIT;
+       flush = flags & FLUSH_ALL;
+       wait_on_commit = flags & WAIT;
+
+       current->journal_info = th->t_handle_save;
+       reiserfs_check_lock_depth(sb, "journal end");
+       if (journal->j_len == 0) {
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb),
+                                            1);
+               journal_mark_dirty(th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(sb));
+       }
+
+       lock_journal(sb);
+       if (journal->j_next_full_flush) {
+               flags |= FLUSH_ALL;
+               flush = 1;
+       }
+       if (journal->j_next_async_flush) {
+               flags |= COMMIT_NOW | WAIT;
+               wait_on_commit = 1;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * check_journal_end locks the journal, and unlocks if it does
+        * not return 1 it tells us if we should continue with the
+        * journal_end, or just return
+        */
+       if (!check_journal_end(th, flags)) {
+               reiserfs_schedule_old_flush(sb);
+               wake_queued_writers(sb);
+               reiserfs_async_progress_wait(sb);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /* check_journal_end might set these, check again */
+       if (journal->j_next_full_flush) {
+               flush = 1;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * j must wait means we have to flush the log blocks, and the
+        * real blocks for this transaction
+        */
+       if (journal->j_must_wait > 0) {
+               flush = 1;
+       }
+#ifdef REISERFS_PREALLOCATE
+       /*
+        * quota ops might need to nest, setup the journal_info pointer
+        * for them and raise the refcount so that it is > 0.
+        */
+       current->journal_info = th;
+       th->t_refcount++;
+
+       /* it should not involve new blocks into the transaction */
+       reiserfs_discard_all_prealloc(th);
+
+       th->t_refcount--;
+       current->journal_info = th->t_handle_save;
+#endif
+
+       /* setup description block */
+       d_bh =
+           journal_getblk(sb,
+                          SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                          journal->j_start);
+       set_buffer_uptodate(d_bh);
+       desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)(d_bh)->b_data;
+       memset(d_bh->b_data, 0, d_bh->b_size);
+       memcpy(get_journal_desc_magic(d_bh), JOURNAL_DESC_MAGIC, 8);
+       set_desc_trans_id(desc, journal->j_trans_id);
+
+       /*
+        * setup commit block.  Don't write (keep it clean too) this one
+        * until after everyone else is written
+        */
+       c_bh = journal_getblk(sb, SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                             ((journal->j_start + journal->j_len +
+                               1) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb)));
+       commit = (struct reiserfs_journal_commit *)c_bh->b_data;
+       memset(c_bh->b_data, 0, c_bh->b_size);
+       set_commit_trans_id(commit, journal->j_trans_id);
+       set_buffer_uptodate(c_bh);
+
+       /* init this journal list */
+       jl = journal->j_current_jl;
+
+       /*
+        * we lock the commit before doing anything because
+        * we want to make sure nobody tries to run flush_commit_list until
+        * the new transaction is fully setup, and we've already flushed the
+        * ordered bh list
+        */
+       reiserfs_mutex_lock_safe(&jl->j_commit_mutex, sb);
+
+       /* save the transaction id in case we need to commit it later */
+       commit_trans_id = jl->j_trans_id;
+
+       atomic_set(&jl->j_older_commits_done, 0);
+       jl->j_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id;
+       jl->j_timestamp = journal->j_trans_start_time;
+       jl->j_commit_bh = c_bh;
+       jl->j_start = journal->j_start;
+       jl->j_len = journal->j_len;
+       atomic_set(&jl->j_nonzerolen, journal->j_len);
+       atomic_set(&jl->j_commit_left, journal->j_len + 2);
+       jl->j_realblock = NULL;
+
+       /*
+        * The ENTIRE FOR LOOP MUST not cause schedule to occur.
+        * for each real block, add it to the journal list hash,
+        * copy into real block index array in the commit or desc block
+        */
+       trans_half = journal_trans_half(sb->s_blocksize);
+       for (i = 0, cn = journal->j_first; cn; cn = cn->next, i++) {
+               if (buffer_journaled(cn->bh)) {
+                       jl_cn = get_cnode(sb);
+                       if (!jl_cn) {
+                               reiserfs_panic(sb, "journal-1676",
+                                              "get_cnode returned NULL");
+                       }
+                       if (i == 0) {
+                               jl->j_realblock = jl_cn;
+                       }
+                       jl_cn->prev = last_cn;
+                       jl_cn->next = NULL;
+                       if (last_cn) {
+                               last_cn->next = jl_cn;
+                       }
+                       last_cn = jl_cn;
+                       /*
+                        * make sure the block we are trying to log
+                        * is not a block of journal or reserved area
+                        */
+                       if (is_block_in_log_or_reserved_area
+                           (sb, cn->bh->b_blocknr)) {
+                               reiserfs_panic(sb, "journal-2332",
+                                              "Trying to log block %lu, "
+                                              "which is a log block",
+                                              cn->bh->b_blocknr);
+                       }
+                       jl_cn->blocknr = cn->bh->b_blocknr;
+                       jl_cn->state = 0;
+                       jl_cn->sb = sb;
+                       jl_cn->bh = cn->bh;
+                       jl_cn->jlist = jl;
+                       insert_journal_hash(journal->j_list_hash_table, jl_cn);
+                       if (i < trans_half) {
+                               desc->j_realblock[i] =
+                                   cpu_to_le32(cn->bh->b_blocknr);
+                       } else {
+                               commit->j_realblock[i - trans_half] =
+                                   cpu_to_le32(cn->bh->b_blocknr);
+                       }
+               } else {
+                       i--;
+               }
+       }
+       set_desc_trans_len(desc, journal->j_len);
+       set_desc_mount_id(desc, journal->j_mount_id);
+       set_desc_trans_id(desc, journal->j_trans_id);
+       set_commit_trans_len(commit, journal->j_len);
+
+       /*
+        * special check in case all buffers in the journal
+        * were marked for not logging
+        */
+       BUG_ON(journal->j_len == 0);
+
+       /*
+        * we're about to dirty all the log blocks, mark the description block
+        * dirty now too.  Don't mark the commit block dirty until all the
+        * others are on disk
+        */
+       mark_buffer_dirty(d_bh);
+
+       /*
+        * first data block is j_start + 1, so add one to
+        * cur_write_start wherever you use it
+        */
+       cur_write_start = journal->j_start;
+       cn = journal->j_first;
+       jindex = 1;     /* start at one so we don't get the desc again */
+       while (cn) {
+               clear_buffer_journal_new(cn->bh);
+               /* copy all the real blocks into log area.  dirty log blocks */
+               if (buffer_journaled(cn->bh)) {
+                       struct buffer_head *tmp_bh;
+                       char *addr;
+                       struct page *page;
+                       tmp_bh =
+                           journal_getblk(sb,
+                                          SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(sb) +
+                                          ((cur_write_start +
+                                            jindex) %
+                                           SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb)));
+                       set_buffer_uptodate(tmp_bh);
+                       page = cn->bh->b_page;
+                       addr = kmap(page);
+                       memcpy(tmp_bh->b_data,
+                              addr + offset_in_page(cn->bh->b_data),
+                              cn->bh->b_size);
+                       kunmap(page);
+                       mark_buffer_dirty(tmp_bh);
+                       jindex++;
+                       set_buffer_journal_dirty(cn->bh);
+                       clear_buffer_journaled(cn->bh);
+               } else {
+                       /*
+                        * JDirty cleared sometime during transaction.
+                        * don't log this one
+                        */
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "journal-2048",
+                                        "BAD, buffer in journal hash, "
+                                        "but not JDirty!");
+                       brelse(cn->bh);
+               }
+               next = cn->next;
+               free_cnode(sb, cn);
+               cn = next;
+               reiserfs_cond_resched(sb);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * we are done with both the c_bh and d_bh, but
+        * c_bh must be written after all other commit blocks,
+        * so we dirty/relse c_bh in flush_commit_list, with commit_left <= 1.
+        */
+
+       journal->j_current_jl = alloc_journal_list(sb);
+
+       /* now it is safe to insert this transaction on the main list */
+       list_add_tail(&jl->j_list, &journal->j_journal_list);
+       list_add_tail(&jl->j_working_list, &journal->j_working_list);
+       journal->j_num_work_lists++;
+
+       /* reset journal values for the next transaction */
+       journal->j_start =
+           (journal->j_start + journal->j_len +
+            2) % SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb);
+       atomic_set(&journal->j_wcount, 0);
+       journal->j_bcount = 0;
+       journal->j_last = NULL;
+       journal->j_first = NULL;
+       journal->j_len = 0;
+       journal->j_trans_start_time = 0;
+       /* check for trans_id overflow */
+       if (++journal->j_trans_id == 0)
+               journal->j_trans_id = 10;
+       journal->j_current_jl->j_trans_id = journal->j_trans_id;
+       journal->j_must_wait = 0;
+       journal->j_len_alloc = 0;
+       journal->j_next_full_flush = 0;
+       journal->j_next_async_flush = 0;
+       init_journal_hash(sb);
+
+       /*
+        * make sure reiserfs_add_jh sees the new current_jl before we
+        * write out the tails
+        */
+       smp_mb();
+
+       /*
+        * tail conversion targets have to hit the disk before we end the
+        * transaction.  Otherwise a later transaction might repack the tail
+        * before this transaction commits, leaving the data block unflushed
+        * and clean, if we crash before the later transaction commits, the
+        * data block is lost.
+        */
+       if (!list_empty(&jl->j_tail_bh_list)) {
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+               write_ordered_buffers(&journal->j_dirty_buffers_lock,
+                                     journal, jl, &jl->j_tail_bh_list);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+       }
+       BUG_ON(!list_empty(&jl->j_tail_bh_list));
+       mutex_unlock(&jl->j_commit_mutex);
+
+       /*
+        * honor the flush wishes from the caller, simple commits can
+        * be done outside the journal lock, they are done below
+        *
+        * if we don't flush the commit list right now, we put it into
+        * the work queue so the people waiting on the async progress work
+        * queue don't wait for this proc to flush journal lists and such.
+        */
+       if (flush) {
+               flush_commit_list(sb, jl, 1);
+               flush_journal_list(sb, jl, 1);
+       } else if (!(jl->j_state & LIST_COMMIT_PENDING)) {
+               /*
+                * Avoid queueing work when sb is being shut down. Transaction
+                * will be flushed on journal shutdown.
+                */
+               if (sb->s_flags & SB_ACTIVE)
+                       queue_delayed_work(REISERFS_SB(sb)->commit_wq,
+                                          &journal->j_work, HZ / 10);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * if the next transaction has any chance of wrapping, flush
+        * transactions that might get overwritten.  If any journal lists
+        * are very old flush them as well.
+        */
+first_jl:
+       list_for_each_safe(entry, safe, &journal->j_journal_list) {
+               temp_jl = JOURNAL_LIST_ENTRY(entry);
+               if (journal->j_start <= temp_jl->j_start) {
+                       if ((journal->j_start + journal->j_trans_max + 1) >=
+                           temp_jl->j_start) {
+                               flush_used_journal_lists(sb, temp_jl);
+                               goto first_jl;
+                       } else if ((journal->j_start +
+                                   journal->j_trans_max + 1) <
+                                  SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb)) {
+                               /*
+                                * if we don't cross into the next
+                                * transaction and we don't wrap, there is
+                                * no way we can overlap any later transactions
+                                * break now
+                                */
+                               break;
+                       }
+               } else if ((journal->j_start +
+                           journal->j_trans_max + 1) >
+                          SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb)) {
+                       if (((journal->j_start + journal->j_trans_max + 1) %
+                            SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(sb)) >=
+                           temp_jl->j_start) {
+                               flush_used_journal_lists(sb, temp_jl);
+                               goto first_jl;
+                       } else {
+                               /*
+                               * we don't overlap anything from out start
+                               * to the end of the log, and our wrapped
+                               * portion doesn't overlap anything at
+                               * the start of the log.  We can break
+                               */
+                               break;
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       journal->j_current_jl->j_list_bitmap =
+           get_list_bitmap(sb, journal->j_current_jl);
+
+       if (!(journal->j_current_jl->j_list_bitmap)) {
+               reiserfs_panic(sb, "journal-1996",
+                              "could not get a list bitmap");
+       }
+
+       atomic_set(&journal->j_jlock, 0);
+       unlock_journal(sb);
+       /* wake up any body waiting to join. */
+       clear_bit(J_WRITERS_QUEUED, &journal->j_state);
+       wake_up(&journal->j_join_wait);
+
+       if (!flush && wait_on_commit &&
+           journal_list_still_alive(sb, commit_trans_id)) {
+               flush_commit_list(sb, jl, 1);
+       }
+out:
+       reiserfs_check_lock_depth(sb, "journal end2");
+
+       memset(th, 0, sizeof(*th));
+       /*
+        * Re-set th->t_super, so we can properly keep track of how many
+        * persistent transactions there are. We need to do this so if this
+        * call is part of a failed restart_transaction, we can free it later
+        */
+       th->t_super = sb;
+
+       return journal->j_errno;
+}
+
+/* Send the file system read only and refuse new transactions */
+void reiserfs_abort_journal(struct super_block *sb, int errno)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(sb);
+       if (test_bit(J_ABORTED, &journal->j_state))
+               return;
+
+       if (!journal->j_errno)
+               journal->j_errno = errno;
+
+       sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
+       set_bit(J_ABORTED, &journal->j_state);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       dump_stack();
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/lbalance.c b/fs/reiserfs/lbalance.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7f868569d4d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/lbalance.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1426 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+/*
+ * copy copy_count entries from source directory item to dest buffer
+ * (creating new item if needed)
+ */
+static void leaf_copy_dir_entries(struct buffer_info *dest_bi,
+                                 struct buffer_head *source, int last_first,
+                                 int item_num, int from, int copy_count)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+       /*
+        * either the number of target item, or if we must create a
+        * new item, the number of the item we will create it next to
+        */
+       int item_num_in_dest;
+
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+       int copy_records_len;   /* length of all records in item to be copied */
+       char *records;
+
+       ih = item_head(source, item_num);
+
+       RFALSE(!is_direntry_le_ih(ih), "vs-10000: item must be directory item");
+
+       /*
+        * length of all record to be copied and first byte of
+        * the last of them
+        */
+       deh = B_I_DEH(source, ih);
+       if (copy_count) {
+               copy_records_len = (from ? deh_location(&deh[from - 1]) :
+                                   ih_item_len(ih)) -
+                   deh_location(&deh[from + copy_count - 1]);
+               records =
+                   source->b_data + ih_location(ih) +
+                   deh_location(&deh[from + copy_count - 1]);
+       } else {
+               copy_records_len = 0;
+               records = NULL;
+       }
+
+       /* when copy last to first, dest buffer can contain 0 items */
+       item_num_in_dest =
+           (last_first ==
+            LAST_TO_FIRST) ? ((B_NR_ITEMS(dest)) ? 0 : -1) : (B_NR_ITEMS(dest)
+                                                              - 1);
+
+       /*
+        * if there are no items in dest or the first/last item in
+        * dest is not item of the same directory
+        */
+       if ((item_num_in_dest == -1) ||
+           (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST && le_ih_k_offset(ih) == DOT_OFFSET) ||
+           (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST
+            && comp_short_le_keys /*COMP_SHORT_KEYS */ (&ih->ih_key,
+                                                        leaf_key(dest,
+                                                                 item_num_in_dest))))
+       {
+               /* create new item in dest */
+               struct item_head new_ih;
+
+               /* form item header */
+               memcpy(&new_ih.ih_key, &ih->ih_key, KEY_SIZE);
+               put_ih_version(&new_ih, KEY_FORMAT_3_5);
+               /* calculate item len */
+               put_ih_item_len(&new_ih,
+                               DEH_SIZE * copy_count + copy_records_len);
+               put_ih_entry_count(&new_ih, 0);
+
+               if (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) {
+                       /* form key by the following way */
+                       if (from < ih_entry_count(ih)) {
+                               set_le_ih_k_offset(&new_ih,
+                                                  deh_offset(&deh[from]));
+                       } else {
+                               /*
+                                * no entries will be copied to this
+                                * item in this function
+                                */
+                               set_le_ih_k_offset(&new_ih, U32_MAX);
+                               /*
+                                * this item is not yet valid, but we
+                                * want I_IS_DIRECTORY_ITEM to return 1
+                                * for it, so we -1
+                                */
+                       }
+                       set_le_key_k_type(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &new_ih.ih_key,
+                                         TYPE_DIRENTRY);
+               }
+
+               /* insert item into dest buffer */
+               leaf_insert_into_buf(dest_bi,
+                                    (last_first ==
+                                     LAST_TO_FIRST) ? 0 : B_NR_ITEMS(dest),
+                                    &new_ih, NULL, 0);
+       } else {
+               /* prepare space for entries */
+               leaf_paste_in_buffer(dest_bi,
+                                    (last_first ==
+                                     FIRST_TO_LAST) ? (B_NR_ITEMS(dest) -
+                                                       1) : 0, MAX_US_INT,
+                                    DEH_SIZE * copy_count + copy_records_len,
+                                    records, 0);
+       }
+
+       item_num_in_dest =
+           (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) ? (B_NR_ITEMS(dest) - 1) : 0;
+
+       leaf_paste_entries(dest_bi, item_num_in_dest,
+                          (last_first ==
+                           FIRST_TO_LAST) ? ih_entry_count(item_head(dest,
+                                                                         item_num_in_dest))
+                          : 0, copy_count, deh + from, records,
+                          DEH_SIZE * copy_count + copy_records_len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Copy the first (if last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) or last
+ * (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) item or part of it or nothing
+ * (see the return 0 below) from SOURCE to the end (if last_first)
+ * or beginning (!last_first) of the DEST
+ */
+/* returns 1 if anything was copied, else 0 */
+static int leaf_copy_boundary_item(struct buffer_info *dest_bi,
+                                  struct buffer_head *src, int last_first,
+                                  int bytes_or_entries)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+       /* number of items in the source and destination buffers */
+       int dest_nr_item, src_nr_item;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       struct item_head *dih;
+
+       dest_nr_item = B_NR_ITEMS(dest);
+
+       /*
+        * if ( DEST is empty or first item of SOURCE and last item of
+        * DEST are the items of different objects or of different types )
+        * then there is no need to treat this item differently from the
+        * other items that we copy, so we return
+        */
+       if (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) {
+               ih = item_head(src, 0);
+               dih = item_head(dest, dest_nr_item - 1);
+
+               /* there is nothing to merge */
+               if (!dest_nr_item
+                   || (!op_is_left_mergeable(&ih->ih_key, src->b_size)))
+                       return 0;
+
+               RFALSE(!ih_item_len(ih),
+                      "vs-10010: item can not have empty length");
+
+               if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih)) {
+                       if (bytes_or_entries == -1)
+                               /* copy all entries to dest */
+                               bytes_or_entries = ih_entry_count(ih);
+                       leaf_copy_dir_entries(dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST, 0, 0,
+                                             bytes_or_entries);
+                       return 1;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * copy part of the body of the first item of SOURCE
+                * to the end of the body of the last item of the DEST
+                * part defined by 'bytes_or_entries'; if bytes_or_entries
+                * == -1 copy whole body; don't create new item header
+                */
+               if (bytes_or_entries == -1)
+                       bytes_or_entries = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+               else {
+                       if (bytes_or_entries == ih_item_len(ih)
+                           && is_indirect_le_ih(ih))
+                               if (get_ih_free_space(ih))
+                                       reiserfs_panic(sb_from_bi(dest_bi),
+                                                      "vs-10020",
+                                                      "last unformatted node "
+                                                      "must be filled "
+                                                      "entirely (%h)", ih);
+               }
+#endif
+
+               /*
+                * merge first item (or its part) of src buffer with the last
+                * item of dest buffer. Both are of the same file
+                */
+               leaf_paste_in_buffer(dest_bi,
+                                    dest_nr_item - 1, ih_item_len(dih),
+                                    bytes_or_entries, ih_item_body(src, ih), 0);
+
+               if (is_indirect_le_ih(dih)) {
+                       RFALSE(get_ih_free_space(dih),
+                              "vs-10030: merge to left: last unformatted node of non-last indirect item %h must have zerto free space",
+                              ih);
+                       if (bytes_or_entries == ih_item_len(ih))
+                               set_ih_free_space(dih, get_ih_free_space(ih));
+               }
+
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       /* copy boundary item to right (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) */
+
+       /*
+        * (DEST is empty or last item of SOURCE and first item of DEST
+        * are the items of different object or of different types)
+        */
+       src_nr_item = B_NR_ITEMS(src);
+       ih = item_head(src, src_nr_item - 1);
+       dih = item_head(dest, 0);
+
+       if (!dest_nr_item || !op_is_left_mergeable(&dih->ih_key, src->b_size))
+               return 0;
+
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih)) {
+               /*
+                * bytes_or_entries = entries number in last
+                * item body of SOURCE
+                */
+               if (bytes_or_entries == -1)
+                       bytes_or_entries = ih_entry_count(ih);
+
+               leaf_copy_dir_entries(dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST,
+                                     src_nr_item - 1,
+                                     ih_entry_count(ih) - bytes_or_entries,
+                                     bytes_or_entries);
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * copy part of the body of the last item of SOURCE to the
+        * begin of the body of the first item of the DEST; part defined
+        * by 'bytes_or_entries'; if byte_or_entriess == -1 copy whole body;
+        * change first item key of the DEST; don't create new item header
+        */
+
+       RFALSE(is_indirect_le_ih(ih) && get_ih_free_space(ih),
+              "vs-10040: merge to right: last unformatted node of non-last indirect item must be filled entirely (%h)",
+              ih);
+
+       if (bytes_or_entries == -1) {
+               /* bytes_or_entries = length of last item body of SOURCE */
+               bytes_or_entries = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+               RFALSE(le_ih_k_offset(dih) !=
+                      le_ih_k_offset(ih) + op_bytes_number(ih, src->b_size),
+                      "vs-10050: items %h and %h do not match", ih, dih);
+
+               /* change first item key of the DEST */
+               set_le_ih_k_offset(dih, le_ih_k_offset(ih));
+
+               /* item becomes non-mergeable */
+               /* or mergeable if left item was */
+               set_le_ih_k_type(dih, le_ih_k_type(ih));
+       } else {
+               /* merge to right only part of item */
+               RFALSE(ih_item_len(ih) <= bytes_or_entries,
+                      "vs-10060: no so much bytes %lu (needed %lu)",
+                      (unsigned long)ih_item_len(ih),
+                      (unsigned long)bytes_or_entries);
+
+               /* change first item key of the DEST */
+               if (is_direct_le_ih(dih)) {
+                       RFALSE(le_ih_k_offset(dih) <=
+                              (unsigned long)bytes_or_entries,
+                              "vs-10070: dih %h, bytes_or_entries(%d)", dih,
+                              bytes_or_entries);
+                       set_le_ih_k_offset(dih,
+                                          le_ih_k_offset(dih) -
+                                          bytes_or_entries);
+               } else {
+                       RFALSE(le_ih_k_offset(dih) <=
+                              (bytes_or_entries / UNFM_P_SIZE) * dest->b_size,
+                              "vs-10080: dih %h, bytes_or_entries(%d)",
+                              dih,
+                              (bytes_or_entries / UNFM_P_SIZE) * dest->b_size);
+                       set_le_ih_k_offset(dih,
+                                          le_ih_k_offset(dih) -
+                                          ((bytes_or_entries / UNFM_P_SIZE) *
+                                           dest->b_size));
+               }
+       }
+
+       leaf_paste_in_buffer(dest_bi, 0, 0, bytes_or_entries,
+                            ih_item_body(src,
+                                      ih) + ih_item_len(ih) - bytes_or_entries,
+                            0);
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * copy cpy_mun items from buffer src to buffer dest
+ * last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST means, that we copy cpy_num items beginning
+ *                             from first-th item in src to tail of dest
+ * last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST means, that we copy cpy_num items beginning
+ *                             from first-th item in src to head of dest
+ */
+static void leaf_copy_items_entirely(struct buffer_info *dest_bi,
+                                    struct buffer_head *src, int last_first,
+                                    int first, int cpy_num)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *dest;
+       int nr, free_space;
+       int dest_before;
+       int last_loc, last_inserted_loc, location;
+       int i, j;
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+
+       RFALSE(last_first != LAST_TO_FIRST && last_first != FIRST_TO_LAST,
+              "vs-10090: bad last_first parameter %d", last_first);
+       RFALSE(B_NR_ITEMS(src) - first < cpy_num,
+              "vs-10100: too few items in source %d, required %d from %d",
+              B_NR_ITEMS(src), cpy_num, first);
+       RFALSE(cpy_num < 0, "vs-10110: can not copy negative amount of items");
+       RFALSE(!dest_bi, "vs-10120: can not copy negative amount of items");
+
+       dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+
+       RFALSE(!dest, "vs-10130: can not copy negative amount of items");
+
+       if (cpy_num == 0)
+               return;
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(dest);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+       free_space = blkh_free_space(blkh);
+
+       /*
+        * we will insert items before 0-th or nr-th item in dest buffer.
+        * It depends of last_first parameter
+        */
+       dest_before = (last_first == LAST_TO_FIRST) ? 0 : nr;
+
+       /* location of head of first new item */
+       ih = item_head(dest, dest_before);
+
+       RFALSE(blkh_free_space(blkh) < cpy_num * IH_SIZE,
+              "vs-10140: not enough free space for headers %d (needed %d)",
+              B_FREE_SPACE(dest), cpy_num * IH_SIZE);
+
+       /* prepare space for headers */
+       memmove(ih + cpy_num, ih, (nr - dest_before) * IH_SIZE);
+
+       /* copy item headers */
+       memcpy(ih, item_head(src, first), cpy_num * IH_SIZE);
+
+       free_space -= (IH_SIZE * cpy_num);
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh, free_space);
+
+       /* location of unmovable item */
+       j = location = (dest_before == 0) ? dest->b_size : ih_location(ih - 1);
+       for (i = dest_before; i < nr + cpy_num; i++) {
+               location -= ih_item_len(ih + i - dest_before);
+               put_ih_location(ih + i - dest_before, location);
+       }
+
+       /* prepare space for items */
+       last_loc = ih_location(&ih[nr + cpy_num - 1 - dest_before]);
+       last_inserted_loc = ih_location(&ih[cpy_num - 1]);
+
+       /* check free space */
+       RFALSE(free_space < j - last_inserted_loc,
+              "vs-10150: not enough free space for items %d (needed %d)",
+              free_space, j - last_inserted_loc);
+
+       memmove(dest->b_data + last_loc,
+               dest->b_data + last_loc + j - last_inserted_loc,
+               last_inserted_loc - last_loc);
+
+       /* copy items */
+       memcpy(dest->b_data + last_inserted_loc,
+              item_body(src, (first + cpy_num - 1)),
+              j - last_inserted_loc);
+
+       /* sizes, item number */
+       set_blkh_nr_item(blkh, nr + cpy_num);
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh, free_space - (j - last_inserted_loc));
+
+       do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty(dest_bi->tb, dest, 0);
+
+       if (dest_bi->bi_parent) {
+               struct disk_child *t_dc;
+               t_dc = B_N_CHILD(dest_bi->bi_parent, dest_bi->bi_position);
+               RFALSE(dc_block_number(t_dc) != dest->b_blocknr,
+                      "vs-10160: block number in bh does not match to field in disk_child structure %lu and %lu",
+                      (long unsigned)dest->b_blocknr,
+                      (long unsigned)dc_block_number(t_dc));
+               put_dc_size(t_dc,
+                           dc_size(t_dc) + (j - last_inserted_loc +
+                                            IH_SIZE * cpy_num));
+
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(dest_bi->tb, dest_bi->bi_parent,
+                                              0);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function splits the (liquid) item into two items (useful when
+ * shifting part of an item into another node.)
+ */
+static void leaf_item_bottle(struct buffer_info *dest_bi,
+                            struct buffer_head *src, int last_first,
+                            int item_num, int cpy_bytes)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+
+       RFALSE(cpy_bytes == -1,
+              "vs-10170: bytes == - 1 means: do not split item");
+
+       if (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) {
+               /*
+                * if ( if item in position item_num in buffer SOURCE
+                * is directory item )
+                */
+               ih = item_head(src, item_num);
+               if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih))
+                       leaf_copy_dir_entries(dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST,
+                                             item_num, 0, cpy_bytes);
+               else {
+                       struct item_head n_ih;
+
+                       /*
+                        * copy part of the body of the item number 'item_num'
+                        * of SOURCE to the end of the DEST part defined by
+                        * 'cpy_bytes'; create new item header; change old
+                        * item_header (????); n_ih = new item_header;
+                        */
+                       memcpy(&n_ih, ih, IH_SIZE);
+                       put_ih_item_len(&n_ih, cpy_bytes);
+                       if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih)) {
+                               RFALSE(cpy_bytes == ih_item_len(ih)
+                                      && get_ih_free_space(ih),
+                                      "vs-10180: when whole indirect item is bottle to left neighbor, it must have free_space==0 (not %lu)",
+                                      (long unsigned)get_ih_free_space(ih));
+                               set_ih_free_space(&n_ih, 0);
+                       }
+
+                       RFALSE(op_is_left_mergeable(&ih->ih_key, src->b_size),
+                              "vs-10190: bad mergeability of item %h", ih);
+                       n_ih.ih_version = ih->ih_version;       /* JDM Endian safe, both le */
+                       leaf_insert_into_buf(dest_bi, B_NR_ITEMS(dest), &n_ih,
+                                            item_body(src, item_num), 0);
+               }
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * if ( if item in position item_num in buffer
+                * SOURCE is directory item )
+                */
+               ih = item_head(src, item_num);
+               if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih))
+                       leaf_copy_dir_entries(dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST,
+                                             item_num,
+                                             ih_entry_count(ih) - cpy_bytes,
+                                             cpy_bytes);
+               else {
+                       struct item_head n_ih;
+
+                       /*
+                        * copy part of the body of the item number 'item_num'
+                        * of SOURCE to the begin of the DEST part defined by
+                        * 'cpy_bytes'; create new item header;
+                        * n_ih = new item_header;
+                        */
+                       memcpy(&n_ih.ih_key, &ih->ih_key, KEY_SIZE);
+
+                       /* Endian safe, both le */
+                       n_ih.ih_version = ih->ih_version;
+
+                       if (is_direct_le_ih(ih)) {
+                               set_le_ih_k_offset(&n_ih,
+                                                  le_ih_k_offset(ih) +
+                                                  ih_item_len(ih) - cpy_bytes);
+                               set_le_ih_k_type(&n_ih, TYPE_DIRECT);
+                               set_ih_free_space(&n_ih, MAX_US_INT);
+                       } else {
+                               /* indirect item */
+                               RFALSE(!cpy_bytes && get_ih_free_space(ih),
+                                      "vs-10200: ih->ih_free_space must be 0 when indirect item will be appended");
+                               set_le_ih_k_offset(&n_ih,
+                                                  le_ih_k_offset(ih) +
+                                                  (ih_item_len(ih) -
+                                                   cpy_bytes) / UNFM_P_SIZE *
+                                                  dest->b_size);
+                               set_le_ih_k_type(&n_ih, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+                               set_ih_free_space(&n_ih, get_ih_free_space(ih));
+                       }
+
+                       /* set item length */
+                       put_ih_item_len(&n_ih, cpy_bytes);
+
+                       /* Endian safe, both le */
+                       n_ih.ih_version = ih->ih_version;
+
+                       leaf_insert_into_buf(dest_bi, 0, &n_ih,
+                                            item_body(src, item_num) +
+                                               ih_item_len(ih) - cpy_bytes, 0);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * If cpy_bytes equals minus one than copy cpy_num whole items from SOURCE
+ * to DEST.  If cpy_bytes not equal to minus one than copy cpy_num-1 whole
+ * items from SOURCE to DEST.  From last item copy cpy_num bytes for regular
+ * item and cpy_num directory entries for directory item.
+ */
+static int leaf_copy_items(struct buffer_info *dest_bi, struct buffer_head *src,
+                          int last_first, int cpy_num, int cpy_bytes)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *dest;
+       int pos, i, src_nr_item, bytes;
+
+       dest = dest_bi->bi_bh;
+       RFALSE(!dest || !src, "vs-10210: !dest || !src");
+       RFALSE(last_first != FIRST_TO_LAST && last_first != LAST_TO_FIRST,
+              "vs-10220:last_first != FIRST_TO_LAST && last_first != LAST_TO_FIRST");
+       RFALSE(B_NR_ITEMS(src) < cpy_num,
+              "vs-10230: No enough items: %d, req. %d", B_NR_ITEMS(src),
+              cpy_num);
+       RFALSE(cpy_num < 0, "vs-10240: cpy_num < 0 (%d)", cpy_num);
+
+       if (cpy_num == 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) {
+               /* copy items to left */
+               pos = 0;
+               if (cpy_num == 1)
+                       bytes = cpy_bytes;
+               else
+                       bytes = -1;
+
+               /*
+                * copy the first item or it part or nothing to the end of
+                * the DEST (i = leaf_copy_boundary_item(DEST,SOURCE,0,bytes))
+                */
+               i = leaf_copy_boundary_item(dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST, bytes);
+               cpy_num -= i;
+               if (cpy_num == 0)
+                       return i;
+               pos += i;
+               if (cpy_bytes == -1)
+                       /*
+                        * copy first cpy_num items starting from position
+                        * 'pos' of SOURCE to end of DEST
+                        */
+                       leaf_copy_items_entirely(dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST,
+                                                pos, cpy_num);
+               else {
+                       /*
+                        * copy first cpy_num-1 items starting from position
+                        * 'pos-1' of the SOURCE to the end of the DEST
+                        */
+                       leaf_copy_items_entirely(dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST,
+                                                pos, cpy_num - 1);
+
+                       /*
+                        * copy part of the item which number is
+                        * cpy_num+pos-1 to the end of the DEST
+                        */
+                       leaf_item_bottle(dest_bi, src, FIRST_TO_LAST,
+                                        cpy_num + pos - 1, cpy_bytes);
+               }
+       } else {
+               /* copy items to right */
+               src_nr_item = B_NR_ITEMS(src);
+               if (cpy_num == 1)
+                       bytes = cpy_bytes;
+               else
+                       bytes = -1;
+
+               /*
+                * copy the last item or it part or nothing to the
+                * begin of the DEST
+                * (i = leaf_copy_boundary_item(DEST,SOURCE,1,bytes));
+                */
+               i = leaf_copy_boundary_item(dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST, bytes);
+
+               cpy_num -= i;
+               if (cpy_num == 0)
+                       return i;
+
+               pos = src_nr_item - cpy_num - i;
+               if (cpy_bytes == -1) {
+                       /*
+                        * starting from position 'pos' copy last cpy_num
+                        * items of SOURCE to begin of DEST
+                        */
+                       leaf_copy_items_entirely(dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST,
+                                                pos, cpy_num);
+               } else {
+                       /*
+                        * copy last cpy_num-1 items starting from position
+                        * 'pos+1' of the SOURCE to the begin of the DEST;
+                        */
+                       leaf_copy_items_entirely(dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST,
+                                                pos + 1, cpy_num - 1);
+
+                       /*
+                        * copy part of the item which number is pos to
+                        * the begin of the DEST
+                        */
+                       leaf_item_bottle(dest_bi, src, LAST_TO_FIRST, pos,
+                                        cpy_bytes);
+               }
+       }
+       return i;
+}
+
+/*
+ * there are types of coping: from S[0] to L[0], from S[0] to R[0],
+ * from R[0] to L[0]. for each of these we have to define parent and
+ * positions of destination and source buffers
+ */
+static void leaf_define_dest_src_infos(int shift_mode, struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                      struct buffer_info *dest_bi,
+                                      struct buffer_info *src_bi,
+                                      int *first_last,
+                                      struct buffer_head *Snew)
+{
+       memset(dest_bi, 0, sizeof(struct buffer_info));
+       memset(src_bi, 0, sizeof(struct buffer_info));
+
+       /* define dest, src, dest parent, dest position */
+       switch (shift_mode) {
+       case LEAF_FROM_S_TO_L:  /* it is used in leaf_shift_left */
+               src_bi->tb = tb;
+               src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+               src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0);
+
+               /* src->b_item_order */
+               src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, 0);
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+               dest_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position(tb, 0);
+               *first_last = FIRST_TO_LAST;
+               break;
+
+       case LEAF_FROM_S_TO_R:  /* it is used in leaf_shift_right */
+               src_bi->tb = tb;
+               src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+               src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0);
+               src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, 0);
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+               dest_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position(tb, 0);
+               *first_last = LAST_TO_FIRST;
+               break;
+
+       case LEAF_FROM_R_TO_L:  /* it is used in balance_leaf_when_delete */
+               src_bi->tb = tb;
+               src_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+               src_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+               src_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position(tb, 0);
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+               dest_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position(tb, 0);
+               *first_last = FIRST_TO_LAST;
+               break;
+
+       case LEAF_FROM_L_TO_R:  /* it is used in balance_leaf_when_delete */
+               src_bi->tb = tb;
+               src_bi->bi_bh = tb->L[0];
+               src_bi->bi_parent = tb->FL[0];
+               src_bi->bi_position = get_left_neighbor_position(tb, 0);
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = tb->R[0];
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = tb->FR[0];
+               dest_bi->bi_position = get_right_neighbor_position(tb, 0);
+               *first_last = LAST_TO_FIRST;
+               break;
+
+       case LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW:
+               src_bi->tb = tb;
+               src_bi->bi_bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+               src_bi->bi_parent = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0);
+               src_bi->bi_position = PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(tb->tb_path, 0);
+               dest_bi->tb = tb;
+               dest_bi->bi_bh = Snew;
+               dest_bi->bi_parent = NULL;
+               dest_bi->bi_position = 0;
+               *first_last = LAST_TO_FIRST;
+               break;
+
+       default:
+               reiserfs_panic(sb_from_bi(src_bi), "vs-10250",
+                              "shift type is unknown (%d)", shift_mode);
+       }
+       RFALSE(!src_bi->bi_bh || !dest_bi->bi_bh,
+              "vs-10260: mode==%d, source (%p) or dest (%p) buffer is initialized incorrectly",
+              shift_mode, src_bi->bi_bh, dest_bi->bi_bh);
+}
+
+/*
+ * copy mov_num items and mov_bytes of the (mov_num-1)th item to
+ * neighbor. Delete them from source
+ */
+int leaf_move_items(int shift_mode, struct tree_balance *tb, int mov_num,
+                   int mov_bytes, struct buffer_head *Snew)
+{
+       int ret_value;
+       struct buffer_info dest_bi, src_bi;
+       int first_last;
+
+       leaf_define_dest_src_infos(shift_mode, tb, &dest_bi, &src_bi,
+                                  &first_last, Snew);
+
+       ret_value =
+           leaf_copy_items(&dest_bi, src_bi.bi_bh, first_last, mov_num,
+                           mov_bytes);
+
+       leaf_delete_items(&src_bi, first_last,
+                         (first_last ==
+                          FIRST_TO_LAST) ? 0 : (B_NR_ITEMS(src_bi.bi_bh) -
+                                                mov_num), mov_num, mov_bytes);
+
+       return ret_value;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Shift shift_num items (and shift_bytes of last shifted item if
+ * shift_bytes != -1) from S[0] to L[0] and replace the delimiting key
+ */
+int leaf_shift_left(struct tree_balance *tb, int shift_num, int shift_bytes)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *S0 = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path);
+       int i;
+
+       /*
+        * move shift_num (and shift_bytes bytes) items from S[0]
+        * to left neighbor L[0]
+        */
+       i = leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_L, tb, shift_num, shift_bytes, NULL);
+
+       if (shift_num) {
+               /* number of items in S[0] == 0 */
+               if (B_NR_ITEMS(S0) == 0) {
+
+                       RFALSE(shift_bytes != -1,
+                              "vs-10270: S0 is empty now, but shift_bytes != -1 (%d)",
+                              shift_bytes);
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+                       if (tb->tb_mode == M_PASTE || tb->tb_mode == M_INSERT) {
+                               print_cur_tb("vs-10275");
+                               reiserfs_panic(tb->tb_sb, "vs-10275",
+                                              "balance condition corrupted "
+                                              "(%c)", tb->tb_mode);
+                       }
+#endif
+
+                       if (PATH_H_POSITION(tb->tb_path, 1) == 0)
+                               replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0],
+                                           PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, 0), 0);
+
+               } else {
+                       /* replace lkey in CFL[0] by 0-th key from S[0]; */
+                       replace_key(tb, tb->CFL[0], tb->lkey[0], S0, 0);
+
+                       RFALSE((shift_bytes != -1 &&
+                               !(is_direntry_le_ih(item_head(S0, 0))
+                                 && !ih_entry_count(item_head(S0, 0)))) &&
+                              (!op_is_left_mergeable
+                               (leaf_key(S0, 0), S0->b_size)),
+                              "vs-10280: item must be mergeable");
+               }
+       }
+
+       return i;
+}
+
+/* CLEANING STOPPED HERE */
+
+/*
+ * Shift shift_num (shift_bytes) items from S[0] to the right neighbor,
+ * and replace the delimiting key
+ */
+int leaf_shift_right(struct tree_balance *tb, int shift_num, int shift_bytes)
+{
+       int ret_value;
+
+       /*
+        * move shift_num (and shift_bytes) items from S[0] to
+        * right neighbor R[0]
+        */
+       ret_value =
+           leaf_move_items(LEAF_FROM_S_TO_R, tb, shift_num, shift_bytes, NULL);
+
+       /* replace rkey in CFR[0] by the 0-th key from R[0] */
+       if (shift_num) {
+               replace_key(tb, tb->CFR[0], tb->rkey[0], tb->R[0], 0);
+
+       }
+
+       return ret_value;
+}
+
+static void leaf_delete_items_entirely(struct buffer_info *bi,
+                                      int first, int del_num);
+/*
+ * If del_bytes == -1, starting from position 'first' delete del_num
+ * items in whole in buffer CUR.
+ *   If not.
+ *   If last_first == 0. Starting from position 'first' delete del_num-1
+ *   items in whole. Delete part of body of the first item. Part defined by
+ *   del_bytes. Don't delete first item header
+ *   If last_first == 1. Starting from position 'first+1' delete del_num-1
+ *   items in whole. Delete part of body of the last item . Part defined by
+ *   del_bytes. Don't delete last item header.
+*/
+void leaf_delete_items(struct buffer_info *cur_bi, int last_first,
+                      int first, int del_num, int del_bytes)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       int item_amount = B_NR_ITEMS(bh = cur_bi->bi_bh);
+
+       RFALSE(!bh, "10155: bh is not defined");
+       RFALSE(del_num < 0, "10160: del_num can not be < 0. del_num==%d",
+              del_num);
+       RFALSE(first < 0
+              || first + del_num > item_amount,
+              "10165: invalid number of first item to be deleted (%d) or "
+              "no so much items (%d) to delete (only %d)", first,
+              first + del_num, item_amount);
+
+       if (del_num == 0)
+               return;
+
+       if (first == 0 && del_num == item_amount && del_bytes == -1) {
+               make_empty_node(cur_bi);
+               do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty(cur_bi->tb, bh, 0);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       if (del_bytes == -1)
+               /* delete del_num items beginning from item in position first */
+               leaf_delete_items_entirely(cur_bi, first, del_num);
+       else {
+               if (last_first == FIRST_TO_LAST) {
+                       /*
+                        * delete del_num-1 items beginning from
+                        * item in position first
+                        */
+                       leaf_delete_items_entirely(cur_bi, first, del_num - 1);
+
+                       /*
+                        * delete the part of the first item of the bh
+                        * do not delete item header
+                        */
+                       leaf_cut_from_buffer(cur_bi, 0, 0, del_bytes);
+               } else {
+                       struct item_head *ih;
+                       int len;
+
+                       /*
+                        * delete del_num-1 items beginning from
+                        * item in position first+1
+                        */
+                       leaf_delete_items_entirely(cur_bi, first + 1,
+                                                  del_num - 1);
+
+                       ih = item_head(bh, B_NR_ITEMS(bh) - 1);
+                       if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih))
+                               /* the last item is directory  */
+                               /*
+                                * len = numbers of directory entries
+                                * in this item
+                                */
+                               len = ih_entry_count(ih);
+                       else
+                               /* len = body len of item */
+                               len = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+                       /*
+                        * delete the part of the last item of the bh
+                        * do not delete item header
+                        */
+                       leaf_cut_from_buffer(cur_bi, B_NR_ITEMS(bh) - 1,
+                                            len - del_bytes, del_bytes);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+/* insert item into the leaf node in position before */
+void leaf_insert_into_buf(struct buffer_info *bi, int before,
+                         struct item_head * const inserted_item_ih,
+                         const char * const inserted_item_body,
+                         int zeros_number)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh = bi->bi_bh;
+       int nr, free_space;
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       int i;
+       int last_loc, unmoved_loc;
+       char *to;
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+       free_space = blkh_free_space(blkh);
+
+       /* check free space */
+       RFALSE(free_space < ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih) + IH_SIZE,
+              "vs-10170: not enough free space in block %z, new item %h",
+              bh, inserted_item_ih);
+       RFALSE(zeros_number > ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih),
+              "vs-10172: zero number == %d, item length == %d",
+              zeros_number, ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih));
+
+       /* get item new item must be inserted before */
+       ih = item_head(bh, before);
+
+       /* prepare space for the body of new item */
+       last_loc = nr ? ih_location(&ih[nr - before - 1]) : bh->b_size;
+       unmoved_loc = before ? ih_location(ih - 1) : bh->b_size;
+
+       memmove(bh->b_data + last_loc - ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih),
+               bh->b_data + last_loc, unmoved_loc - last_loc);
+
+       to = bh->b_data + unmoved_loc - ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih);
+       memset(to, 0, zeros_number);
+       to += zeros_number;
+
+       /* copy body to prepared space */
+       if (inserted_item_body)
+               memmove(to, inserted_item_body,
+                       ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih) - zeros_number);
+       else
+               memset(to, '\0', ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih) - zeros_number);
+
+       /* insert item header */
+       memmove(ih + 1, ih, IH_SIZE * (nr - before));
+       memmove(ih, inserted_item_ih, IH_SIZE);
+
+       /* change locations */
+       for (i = before; i < nr + 1; i++) {
+               unmoved_loc -= ih_item_len(&ih[i - before]);
+               put_ih_location(&ih[i - before], unmoved_loc);
+       }
+
+       /* sizes, free space, item number */
+       set_blkh_nr_item(blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) + 1);
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh,
+                           free_space - (IH_SIZE +
+                                         ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih)));
+       do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty(bi->tb, bh, 1);
+
+       if (bi->bi_parent) {
+               struct disk_child *t_dc;
+               t_dc = B_N_CHILD(bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position);
+               put_dc_size(t_dc,
+                           dc_size(t_dc) + (IH_SIZE +
+                                            ih_item_len(inserted_item_ih)));
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(bi->tb, bi->bi_parent, 0);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * paste paste_size bytes to affected_item_num-th item.
+ * When item is a directory, this only prepare space for new entries
+ */
+void leaf_paste_in_buffer(struct buffer_info *bi, int affected_item_num,
+                         int pos_in_item, int paste_size,
+                         const char *body, int zeros_number)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh = bi->bi_bh;
+       int nr, free_space;
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       int i;
+       int last_loc, unmoved_loc;
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+       free_space = blkh_free_space(blkh);
+
+       /* check free space */
+       RFALSE(free_space < paste_size,
+              "vs-10175: not enough free space: needed %d, available %d",
+              paste_size, free_space);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       if (zeros_number > paste_size) {
+               struct super_block *sb = NULL;
+               if (bi && bi->tb)
+                       sb = bi->tb->tb_sb;
+               print_cur_tb("10177");
+               reiserfs_panic(sb, "vs-10177",
+                              "zeros_number == %d, paste_size == %d",
+                              zeros_number, paste_size);
+       }
+#endif                         /* CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK */
+
+       /* item to be appended */
+       ih = item_head(bh, affected_item_num);
+
+       last_loc = ih_location(&ih[nr - affected_item_num - 1]);
+       unmoved_loc = affected_item_num ? ih_location(ih - 1) : bh->b_size;
+
+       /* prepare space */
+       memmove(bh->b_data + last_loc - paste_size, bh->b_data + last_loc,
+               unmoved_loc - last_loc);
+
+       /* change locations */
+       for (i = affected_item_num; i < nr; i++)
+               put_ih_location(&ih[i - affected_item_num],
+                               ih_location(&ih[i - affected_item_num]) -
+                               paste_size);
+
+       if (body) {
+               if (!is_direntry_le_ih(ih)) {
+                       if (!pos_in_item) {
+                               /* shift data to right */
+                               memmove(bh->b_data + ih_location(ih) +
+                                       paste_size,
+                                       bh->b_data + ih_location(ih),
+                                       ih_item_len(ih));
+                               /* paste data in the head of item */
+                               memset(bh->b_data + ih_location(ih), 0,
+                                      zeros_number);
+                               memcpy(bh->b_data + ih_location(ih) +
+                                      zeros_number, body,
+                                      paste_size - zeros_number);
+                       } else {
+                               memset(bh->b_data + unmoved_loc - paste_size, 0,
+                                      zeros_number);
+                               memcpy(bh->b_data + unmoved_loc - paste_size +
+                                      zeros_number, body,
+                                      paste_size - zeros_number);
+                       }
+               }
+       } else
+               memset(bh->b_data + unmoved_loc - paste_size, '\0', paste_size);
+
+       put_ih_item_len(ih, ih_item_len(ih) + paste_size);
+
+       /* change free space */
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh, free_space - paste_size);
+
+       do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty(bi->tb, bh, 0);
+
+       if (bi->bi_parent) {
+               struct disk_child *t_dc =
+                   B_N_CHILD(bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position);
+               put_dc_size(t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) + paste_size);
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(bi->tb, bi->bi_parent, 0);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * cuts DEL_COUNT entries beginning from FROM-th entry. Directory item
+ * does not have free space, so it moves DEHs and remaining records as
+ * necessary. Return value is size of removed part of directory item
+ * in bytes.
+ */
+static int leaf_cut_entries(struct buffer_head *bh,
+                           struct item_head *ih, int from, int del_count)
+{
+       char *item;
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+       int prev_record_offset; /* offset of record, that is (from-1)th */
+       char *prev_record;      /* */
+       int cut_records_len;    /* length of all removed records */
+       int i;
+
+       /*
+        * make sure that item is directory and there are enough entries to
+        * remove
+        */
+       RFALSE(!is_direntry_le_ih(ih), "10180: item is not directory item");
+       RFALSE(ih_entry_count(ih) < from + del_count,
+              "10185: item contains not enough entries: entry_count = %d, from = %d, to delete = %d",
+              ih_entry_count(ih), from, del_count);
+
+       if (del_count == 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       /* first byte of item */
+       item = bh->b_data + ih_location(ih);
+
+       /* entry head array */
+       deh = B_I_DEH(bh, ih);
+
+       /*
+        * first byte of remaining entries, those are BEFORE cut entries
+        * (prev_record) and length of all removed records (cut_records_len)
+        */
+       prev_record_offset =
+           (from ? deh_location(&deh[from - 1]) : ih_item_len(ih));
+       cut_records_len = prev_record_offset /*from_record */  -
+           deh_location(&deh[from + del_count - 1]);
+       prev_record = item + prev_record_offset;
+
+       /* adjust locations of remaining entries */
+       for (i = ih_entry_count(ih) - 1; i > from + del_count - 1; i--)
+               put_deh_location(&deh[i],
+                                deh_location(&deh[i]) -
+                                (DEH_SIZE * del_count));
+
+       for (i = 0; i < from; i++)
+               put_deh_location(&deh[i],
+                                deh_location(&deh[i]) - (DEH_SIZE * del_count +
+                                                         cut_records_len));
+
+       put_ih_entry_count(ih, ih_entry_count(ih) - del_count);
+
+       /* shift entry head array and entries those are AFTER removed entries */
+       memmove((char *)(deh + from),
+               deh + from + del_count,
+               prev_record - cut_records_len - (char *)(deh + from +
+                                                        del_count));
+
+       /* shift records, those are BEFORE removed entries */
+       memmove(prev_record - cut_records_len - DEH_SIZE * del_count,
+               prev_record, item + ih_item_len(ih) - prev_record);
+
+       return DEH_SIZE * del_count + cut_records_len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * when cut item is part of regular file
+ *      pos_in_item - first byte that must be cut
+ *      cut_size - number of bytes to be cut beginning from pos_in_item
+ *
+ * when cut item is part of directory
+ *      pos_in_item - number of first deleted entry
+ *      cut_size - count of deleted entries
+ */
+void leaf_cut_from_buffer(struct buffer_info *bi, int cut_item_num,
+                         int pos_in_item, int cut_size)
+{
+       int nr;
+       struct buffer_head *bh = bi->bi_bh;
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       int last_loc, unmoved_loc;
+       int i;
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+       /* item head of truncated item */
+       ih = item_head(bh, cut_item_num);
+
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih)) {
+               /* first cut entry () */
+               cut_size = leaf_cut_entries(bh, ih, pos_in_item, cut_size);
+               if (pos_in_item == 0) {
+                       /* change key */
+                       RFALSE(cut_item_num,
+                              "when 0-th enrty of item is cut, that item must be first in the node, not %d-th",
+                              cut_item_num);
+                       /* change item key by key of first entry in the item */
+                       set_le_ih_k_offset(ih, deh_offset(B_I_DEH(bh, ih)));
+               }
+       } else {
+               /* item is direct or indirect */
+               RFALSE(is_statdata_le_ih(ih), "10195: item is stat data");
+               RFALSE(pos_in_item && pos_in_item + cut_size != ih_item_len(ih),
+                      "10200: invalid offset (%lu) or trunc_size (%lu) or ih_item_len (%lu)",
+                      (long unsigned)pos_in_item, (long unsigned)cut_size,
+                      (long unsigned)ih_item_len(ih));
+
+               /* shift item body to left if cut is from the head of item */
+               if (pos_in_item == 0) {
+                       memmove(bh->b_data + ih_location(ih),
+                               bh->b_data + ih_location(ih) + cut_size,
+                               ih_item_len(ih) - cut_size);
+
+                       /* change key of item */
+                       if (is_direct_le_ih(ih))
+                               set_le_ih_k_offset(ih,
+                                                  le_ih_k_offset(ih) +
+                                                  cut_size);
+                       else {
+                               set_le_ih_k_offset(ih,
+                                                  le_ih_k_offset(ih) +
+                                                  (cut_size / UNFM_P_SIZE) *
+                                                  bh->b_size);
+                               RFALSE(ih_item_len(ih) == cut_size
+                                      && get_ih_free_space(ih),
+                                      "10205: invalid ih_free_space (%h)", ih);
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* location of the last item */
+       last_loc = ih_location(&ih[nr - cut_item_num - 1]);
+
+       /* location of the item, which is remaining at the same place */
+       unmoved_loc = cut_item_num ? ih_location(ih - 1) : bh->b_size;
+
+       /* shift */
+       memmove(bh->b_data + last_loc + cut_size, bh->b_data + last_loc,
+               unmoved_loc - last_loc - cut_size);
+
+       /* change item length */
+       put_ih_item_len(ih, ih_item_len(ih) - cut_size);
+
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih)) {
+               if (pos_in_item)
+                       set_ih_free_space(ih, 0);
+       }
+
+       /* change locations */
+       for (i = cut_item_num; i < nr; i++)
+               put_ih_location(&ih[i - cut_item_num],
+                               ih_location(&ih[i - cut_item_num]) + cut_size);
+
+       /* size, free space */
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh, blkh_free_space(blkh) + cut_size);
+
+       do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty(bi->tb, bh, 0);
+
+       if (bi->bi_parent) {
+               struct disk_child *t_dc;
+               t_dc = B_N_CHILD(bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position);
+               put_dc_size(t_dc, dc_size(t_dc) - cut_size);
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(bi->tb, bi->bi_parent, 0);
+       }
+}
+
+/* delete del_num items from buffer starting from the first'th item */
+static void leaf_delete_items_entirely(struct buffer_info *bi,
+                                      int first, int del_num)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh = bi->bi_bh;
+       int nr;
+       int i, j;
+       int last_loc, last_removed_loc;
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+
+       RFALSE(bh == NULL, "10210: buffer is 0");
+       RFALSE(del_num < 0, "10215: del_num less than 0 (%d)", del_num);
+
+       if (del_num == 0)
+               return;
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+       RFALSE(first < 0 || first + del_num > nr,
+              "10220: first=%d, number=%d, there is %d items", first, del_num,
+              nr);
+
+       if (first == 0 && del_num == nr) {
+               /* this does not work */
+               make_empty_node(bi);
+
+               do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty(bi->tb, bh, 0);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       ih = item_head(bh, first);
+
+       /* location of unmovable item */
+       j = (first == 0) ? bh->b_size : ih_location(ih - 1);
+
+       /* delete items */
+       last_loc = ih_location(&ih[nr - 1 - first]);
+       last_removed_loc = ih_location(&ih[del_num - 1]);
+
+       memmove(bh->b_data + last_loc + j - last_removed_loc,
+               bh->b_data + last_loc, last_removed_loc - last_loc);
+
+       /* delete item headers */
+       memmove(ih, ih + del_num, (nr - first - del_num) * IH_SIZE);
+
+       /* change item location */
+       for (i = first; i < nr - del_num; i++)
+               put_ih_location(&ih[i - first],
+                               ih_location(&ih[i - first]) + (j -
+                                                                last_removed_loc));
+
+       /* sizes, item number */
+       set_blkh_nr_item(blkh, blkh_nr_item(blkh) - del_num);
+       set_blkh_free_space(blkh,
+                           blkh_free_space(blkh) + (j - last_removed_loc +
+                                                    IH_SIZE * del_num));
+
+       do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty(bi->tb, bh, 0);
+
+       if (bi->bi_parent) {
+               struct disk_child *t_dc =
+                   B_N_CHILD(bi->bi_parent, bi->bi_position);
+               put_dc_size(t_dc,
+                           dc_size(t_dc) - (j - last_removed_loc +
+                                            IH_SIZE * del_num));
+               do_balance_mark_internal_dirty(bi->tb, bi->bi_parent, 0);
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * paste new_entry_count entries (new_dehs, records) into position
+ * before to item_num-th item
+ */
+void leaf_paste_entries(struct buffer_info *bi,
+                       int item_num,
+                       int before,
+                       int new_entry_count,
+                       struct reiserfs_de_head *new_dehs,
+                       const char *records, int paste_size)
+{
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       char *item;
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+       char *insert_point;
+       int i;
+       struct buffer_head *bh = bi->bi_bh;
+
+       if (new_entry_count == 0)
+               return;
+
+       ih = item_head(bh, item_num);
+
+       /*
+        * make sure, that item is directory, and there are enough
+        * records in it
+        */
+       RFALSE(!is_direntry_le_ih(ih), "10225: item is not directory item");
+       RFALSE(ih_entry_count(ih) < before,
+              "10230: there are no entry we paste entries before. entry_count = %d, before = %d",
+              ih_entry_count(ih), before);
+
+       /* first byte of dest item */
+       item = bh->b_data + ih_location(ih);
+
+       /* entry head array */
+       deh = B_I_DEH(bh, ih);
+
+       /* new records will be pasted at this point */
+       insert_point =
+           item +
+           (before ? deh_location(&deh[before - 1])
+            : (ih_item_len(ih) - paste_size));
+
+       /* adjust locations of records that will be AFTER new records */
+       for (i = ih_entry_count(ih) - 1; i >= before; i--)
+               put_deh_location(&deh[i],
+                                deh_location(&deh[i]) +
+                                (DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count));
+
+       /* adjust locations of records that will be BEFORE new records */
+       for (i = 0; i < before; i++)
+               put_deh_location(&deh[i],
+                                deh_location(&deh[i]) + paste_size);
+
+       put_ih_entry_count(ih, ih_entry_count(ih) + new_entry_count);
+
+       /* prepare space for pasted records */
+       memmove(insert_point + paste_size, insert_point,
+               item + (ih_item_len(ih) - paste_size) - insert_point);
+
+       /* copy new records */
+       memcpy(insert_point + DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count, records,
+              paste_size - DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count);
+
+       /* prepare space for new entry heads */
+       deh += before;
+       memmove((char *)(deh + new_entry_count), deh,
+               insert_point - (char *)deh);
+
+       /* copy new entry heads */
+       deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)((char *)deh);
+       memcpy(deh, new_dehs, DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count);
+
+       /* set locations of new records */
+       for (i = 0; i < new_entry_count; i++) {
+               put_deh_location(&deh[i],
+                                deh_location(&deh[i]) +
+                                (-deh_location
+                                 (&new_dehs[new_entry_count - 1]) +
+                                 insert_point + DEH_SIZE * new_entry_count -
+                                 item));
+       }
+
+       /* change item key if necessary (when we paste before 0-th entry */
+       if (!before) {
+               set_le_ih_k_offset(ih, deh_offset(new_dehs));
+       }
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       {
+               int prev, next;
+               /* check record locations */
+               deh = B_I_DEH(bh, ih);
+               for (i = 0; i < ih_entry_count(ih); i++) {
+                       next =
+                           (i <
+                            ih_entry_count(ih) -
+                            1) ? deh_location(&deh[i + 1]) : 0;
+                       prev = (i != 0) ? deh_location(&deh[i - 1]) : 0;
+
+                       if (prev && prev <= deh_location(&deh[i]))
+                               reiserfs_error(sb_from_bi(bi), "vs-10240",
+                                              "directory item (%h) "
+                                              "corrupted (prev %a, "
+                                              "cur(%d) %a)",
+                                              ih, deh + i - 1, i, deh + i);
+                       if (next && next >= deh_location(&deh[i]))
+                               reiserfs_error(sb_from_bi(bi), "vs-10250",
+                                              "directory item (%h) "
+                                              "corrupted (cur(%d) %a, "
+                                              "next %a)",
+                                              ih, i, deh + i, deh + i + 1);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/lock.c b/fs/reiserfs/lock.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..46bd7bd63a71
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/lock.c
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+
+/*
+ * The previous reiserfs locking scheme was heavily based on
+ * the tricky properties of the Bkl:
+ *
+ * - it was acquired recursively by a same task
+ * - the performances relied on the release-while-schedule() property
+ *
+ * Now that we replace it by a mutex, we still want to keep the same
+ * recursive property to avoid big changes in the code structure.
+ * We use our own lock_owner here because the owner field on a mutex
+ * is only available in SMP or mutex debugging, also we only need this field
+ * for this mutex, no need for a system wide mutex facility.
+ *
+ * Also this lock is often released before a call that could block because
+ * reiserfs performances were partially based on the release while schedule()
+ * property of the Bkl.
+ */
+void reiserfs_write_lock(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_i = REISERFS_SB(s);
+
+       if (sb_i->lock_owner != current) {
+               mutex_lock(&sb_i->lock);
+               sb_i->lock_owner = current;
+       }
+
+       /* No need to protect it, only the current task touches it */
+       sb_i->lock_depth++;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_write_unlock(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_i = REISERFS_SB(s);
+
+       /*
+        * Are we unlocking without even holding the lock?
+        * Such a situation must raise a BUG() if we don't want
+        * to corrupt the data.
+        */
+       BUG_ON(sb_i->lock_owner != current);
+
+       if (--sb_i->lock_depth == -1) {
+               sb_i->lock_owner = NULL;
+               mutex_unlock(&sb_i->lock);
+       }
+}
+
+int __must_check reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_i = REISERFS_SB(s);
+       int depth;
+
+       /* this can happen when the lock isn't always held */
+       if (sb_i->lock_owner != current)
+               return -1;
+
+       depth = sb_i->lock_depth;
+
+       sb_i->lock_depth = -1;
+       sb_i->lock_owner = NULL;
+       mutex_unlock(&sb_i->lock);
+
+       return depth;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_write_lock_nested(struct super_block *s, int depth)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_i = REISERFS_SB(s);
+
+       /* this can happen when the lock isn't always held */
+       if (depth == -1)
+               return;
+
+       mutex_lock(&sb_i->lock);
+       sb_i->lock_owner = current;
+       sb_i->lock_depth = depth;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Utility function to force a BUG if it is called without the superblock
+ * write lock held.  caller is the string printed just before calling BUG()
+ */
+void reiserfs_check_lock_depth(struct super_block *sb, char *caller)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_i = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+
+       WARN_ON(sb_i->lock_depth < 0);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+void reiserfs_lock_check_recursive(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_i = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+
+       WARN_ONCE((sb_i->lock_depth > 0), "Unwanted recursive reiserfs lock!\n");
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/namei.c b/fs/reiserfs/namei.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7e7b531fcc49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/namei.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1725 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ *
+ * Trivial changes by Alan Cox to remove EHASHCOLLISION for compatibility
+ *
+ * Trivial Changes:
+ * Rights granted to Hans Reiser to redistribute under other terms providing
+ * he accepts all liability including but not limited to patent, fitness
+ * for purpose, and direct or indirect claims arising from failure to perform.
+ *
+ * NO WARRANTY
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/bitops.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+
+#define INC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(i) if (i->i_nlink != 1) { inc_nlink(i); if (i->i_nlink >= REISERFS_LINK_MAX) set_nlink(i, 1); }
+#define DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(i) if (i->i_nlink != 1) drop_nlink(i);
+
+/*
+ * directory item contains array of entry headers. This performs
+ * binary search through that array
+ */
+static int bin_search_in_dir_item(struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de, loff_t off)
+{
+       struct item_head *ih = de->de_ih;
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh = de->de_deh;
+       int rbound, lbound, j;
+
+       lbound = 0;
+       rbound = ih_entry_count(ih) - 1;
+
+       for (j = (rbound + lbound) / 2; lbound <= rbound;
+            j = (rbound + lbound) / 2) {
+               if (off < deh_offset(deh + j)) {
+                       rbound = j - 1;
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (off > deh_offset(deh + j)) {
+                       lbound = j + 1;
+                       continue;
+               }
+               /* this is not name found, but matched third key component */
+               de->de_entry_num = j;
+               return NAME_FOUND;
+       }
+
+       de->de_entry_num = lbound;
+       return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+/*
+ * comment?  maybe something like set de to point to what the path points to?
+ */
+static inline void set_de_item_location(struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de,
+                                       struct treepath *path)
+{
+       de->de_bh = get_last_bh(path);
+       de->de_ih = tp_item_head(path);
+       de->de_deh = B_I_DEH(de->de_bh, de->de_ih);
+       de->de_item_num = PATH_LAST_POSITION(path);
+}
+
+/*
+ * de_bh, de_ih, de_deh (points to first element of array), de_item_num is set
+ */
+inline void set_de_name_and_namelen(struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh = de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num;
+
+       BUG_ON(de->de_entry_num >= ih_entry_count(de->de_ih));
+
+       de->de_entrylen = entry_length(de->de_bh, de->de_ih, de->de_entry_num);
+       de->de_namelen = de->de_entrylen - (de_with_sd(deh) ? SD_SIZE : 0);
+       de->de_name = ih_item_body(de->de_bh, de->de_ih) + deh_location(deh);
+       if (de->de_name[de->de_namelen - 1] == 0)
+               de->de_namelen = strlen(de->de_name);
+}
+
+/* what entry points to */
+static inline void set_de_object_key(struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de)
+{
+       BUG_ON(de->de_entry_num >= ih_entry_count(de->de_ih));
+       de->de_dir_id = deh_dir_id(&de->de_deh[de->de_entry_num]);
+       de->de_objectid = deh_objectid(&de->de_deh[de->de_entry_num]);
+}
+
+static inline void store_de_entry_key(struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh = de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num;
+
+       BUG_ON(de->de_entry_num >= ih_entry_count(de->de_ih));
+
+       /* store key of the found entry */
+       de->de_entry_key.version = KEY_FORMAT_3_5;
+       de->de_entry_key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id =
+           le32_to_cpu(de->de_ih->ih_key.k_dir_id);
+       de->de_entry_key.on_disk_key.k_objectid =
+           le32_to_cpu(de->de_ih->ih_key.k_objectid);
+       set_cpu_key_k_offset(&de->de_entry_key, deh_offset(deh));
+       set_cpu_key_k_type(&de->de_entry_key, TYPE_DIRENTRY);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We assign a key to each directory item, and place multiple entries in a
+ * single directory item.  A directory item has a key equal to the key of
+ * the first directory entry in it.
+
+ * This function first calls search_by_key, then, if item whose first entry
+ * matches is not found it looks for the entry inside directory item found
+ * by search_by_key. Fills the path to the entry, and to the entry position
+ * in the item
+ */
+/* The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE! */
+int search_by_entry_key(struct super_block *sb, const struct cpu_key *key,
+                       struct treepath *path, struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de)
+{
+       int retval;
+
+       retval = search_item(sb, key, path);
+       switch (retval) {
+       case ITEM_NOT_FOUND:
+               if (!PATH_LAST_POSITION(path)) {
+                       reiserfs_error(sb, "vs-7000", "search_by_key "
+                                      "returned item position == 0");
+                       pathrelse(path);
+                       return IO_ERROR;
+               }
+               PATH_LAST_POSITION(path)--;
+               break;
+
+       case ITEM_FOUND:
+               break;
+
+       case IO_ERROR:
+               return retval;
+
+       default:
+               pathrelse(path);
+               reiserfs_error(sb, "vs-7002", "no path to here");
+               return IO_ERROR;
+       }
+
+       set_de_item_location(de, path);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       if (!is_direntry_le_ih(de->de_ih) ||
+           COMP_SHORT_KEYS(&de->de_ih->ih_key, key)) {
+               print_block(de->de_bh, 0, -1, -1);
+               reiserfs_panic(sb, "vs-7005", "found item %h is not directory "
+                              "item or does not belong to the same directory "
+                              "as key %K", de->de_ih, key);
+       }
+#endif                         /* CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK */
+
+       /*
+        * binary search in directory item by third component of the
+        * key. sets de->de_entry_num of de
+        */
+       retval = bin_search_in_dir_item(de, cpu_key_k_offset(key));
+       path->pos_in_item = de->de_entry_num;
+       if (retval != NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+               /*
+                * ugly, but rename needs de_bh, de_deh, de_name,
+                * de_namelen, de_objectid set
+                */
+               set_de_name_and_namelen(de);
+               set_de_object_key(de);
+       }
+       return retval;
+}
+
+/* Keyed 32-bit hash function using TEA in a Davis-Meyer function */
+
+/*
+ * The third component is hashed, and you can choose from more than
+ * one hash function.  Per directory hashes are not yet implemented
+ * but are thought about. This function should be moved to hashes.c
+ * Jedi, please do so.  -Hans
+ */
+static __u32 get_third_component(struct super_block *s,
+                                const char *name, int len)
+{
+       __u32 res;
+
+       if (!len || (len == 1 && name[0] == '.'))
+               return DOT_OFFSET;
+       if (len == 2 && name[0] == '.' && name[1] == '.')
+               return DOT_DOT_OFFSET;
+
+       res = REISERFS_SB(s)->s_hash_function(name, len);
+
+       /* take bits from 7-th to 30-th including both bounds */
+       res = GET_HASH_VALUE(res);
+       if (res == 0)
+               /*
+                * needed to have no names before "." and ".." those have hash
+                * value == 0 and generation conters 1 and 2 accordingly
+                */
+               res = 128;
+       return res + MAX_GENERATION_NUMBER;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_match(struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de,
+                         const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+       int retval = NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+
+       if ((namelen == de->de_namelen) &&
+           !memcmp(de->de_name, name, de->de_namelen))
+               retval =
+                   (de_visible(de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num) ? NAME_FOUND :
+                    NAME_FOUND_INVISIBLE);
+
+       return retval;
+}
+
+/* de's de_bh, de_ih, de_deh, de_item_num, de_entry_num are set already */
+
+/* used when hash collisions exist */
+
+static int linear_search_in_dir_item(struct cpu_key *key,
+                                    struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de,
+                                    const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh = de->de_deh;
+       int retval;
+       int i;
+
+       i = de->de_entry_num;
+
+       if (i == ih_entry_count(de->de_ih) ||
+           GET_HASH_VALUE(deh_offset(deh + i)) !=
+           GET_HASH_VALUE(cpu_key_k_offset(key))) {
+               i--;
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(de->de_deh != B_I_DEH(de->de_bh, de->de_ih),
+              "vs-7010: array of entry headers not found");
+
+       deh += i;
+
+       for (; i >= 0; i--, deh--) {
+               /* hash value does not match, no need to check whole name */
+               if (GET_HASH_VALUE(deh_offset(deh)) !=
+                   GET_HASH_VALUE(cpu_key_k_offset(key))) {
+                       return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+               }
+
+               /* mark that this generation number is used */
+               if (de->de_gen_number_bit_string)
+                       set_bit(GET_GENERATION_NUMBER(deh_offset(deh)),
+                               de->de_gen_number_bit_string);
+
+               /* calculate pointer to name and namelen */
+               de->de_entry_num = i;
+               set_de_name_and_namelen(de);
+
+               /*
+                * de's de_name, de_namelen, de_recordlen are set.
+                * Fill the rest.
+                */
+               if ((retval =
+                    reiserfs_match(de, name, namelen)) != NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+
+                       /* key of pointed object */
+                       set_de_object_key(de);
+
+                       store_de_entry_key(de);
+
+                       /* retval can be NAME_FOUND or NAME_FOUND_INVISIBLE */
+                       return retval;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (GET_GENERATION_NUMBER(le_ih_k_offset(de->de_ih)) == 0)
+               /*
+                * we have reached left most entry in the node. In common we
+                * have to go to the left neighbor, but if generation counter
+                * is 0 already, we know for sure, that there is no name with
+                * the same hash value
+                */
+               /*
+                * FIXME: this work correctly only because hash value can not
+                *  be 0. Btw, in case of Yura's hash it is probably possible,
+                * so, this is a bug
+                */
+               return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+
+       RFALSE(de->de_item_num,
+              "vs-7015: two diritems of the same directory in one node?");
+
+       return GOTO_PREVIOUS_ITEM;
+}
+
+/*
+ * may return NAME_FOUND, NAME_FOUND_INVISIBLE, NAME_NOT_FOUND
+ * FIXME: should add something like IOERROR
+ */
+static int reiserfs_find_entry(struct inode *dir, const char *name, int namelen,
+                              struct treepath *path_to_entry,
+                              struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de)
+{
+       struct cpu_key key_to_search;
+       int retval;
+
+       if (namelen > REISERFS_MAX_NAME(dir->i_sb->s_blocksize))
+               return NAME_NOT_FOUND;
+
+       /* we will search for this key in the tree */
+       make_cpu_key(&key_to_search, dir,
+                    get_third_component(dir->i_sb, name, namelen),
+                    TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3);
+
+       while (1) {
+               retval =
+                   search_by_entry_key(dir->i_sb, &key_to_search,
+                                       path_to_entry, de);
+               if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+                       reiserfs_error(dir->i_sb, "zam-7001", "io error");
+                       return IO_ERROR;
+               }
+
+               /* compare names for all entries having given hash value */
+               retval =
+                   linear_search_in_dir_item(&key_to_search, de, name,
+                                             namelen);
+               /*
+                * there is no need to scan directory anymore.
+                * Given entry found or does not exist
+                */
+               if (retval != GOTO_PREVIOUS_ITEM) {
+                       path_to_entry->pos_in_item = de->de_entry_num;
+                       return retval;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * there is left neighboring item of this directory
+                * and given entry can be there
+                */
+               set_cpu_key_k_offset(&key_to_search,
+                                    le_ih_k_offset(de->de_ih) - 1);
+               pathrelse(path_to_entry);
+
+       }                       /* while (1) */
+}
+
+static struct dentry *reiserfs_lookup(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+                                     unsigned int flags)
+{
+       int retval;
+       struct inode *inode = NULL;
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path_to_entry);
+
+       if (REISERFS_MAX_NAME(dir->i_sb->s_blocksize) < dentry->d_name.len)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENAMETOOLONG);
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+
+       de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_find_entry(dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len,
+                               &path_to_entry, &de);
+       pathrelse(&path_to_entry);
+       if (retval == NAME_FOUND) {
+               inode = reiserfs_iget(dir->i_sb,
+                                     (struct cpu_key *)&de.de_dir_id);
+               if (!inode || IS_ERR(inode)) {
+                       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+                       return ERR_PTR(-EACCES);
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * Propagate the private flag so we know we're
+                * in the priv tree.  Also clear xattr support
+                * since we don't have xattrs on xattr files.
+                */
+               if (IS_PRIVATE(dir))
+                       reiserfs_init_priv_inode(inode);
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               return ERR_PTR(-EIO);
+       }
+
+       return d_splice_alias(inode, dentry);
+}
+
+/*
+ * looks up the dentry of the parent directory for child.
+ * taken from ext2_get_parent
+ */
+struct dentry *reiserfs_get_parent(struct dentry *child)
+{
+       int retval;
+       struct inode *inode = NULL;
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path_to_entry);
+       struct inode *dir = d_inode(child);
+
+       if (dir->i_nlink == 0) {
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+       }
+       de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+       retval = reiserfs_find_entry(dir, "..", 2, &path_to_entry, &de);
+       pathrelse(&path_to_entry);
+       if (retval != NAME_FOUND) {
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOENT);
+       }
+       inode = reiserfs_iget(dir->i_sb, (struct cpu_key *)&de.de_dir_id);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+
+       return d_obtain_alias(inode);
+}
+
+/* add entry to the directory (entry can be hidden).
+
+insert definition of when hidden directories are used here -Hans
+
+ Does not mark dir   inode dirty, do it after successesfull call to it */
+
+static int reiserfs_add_entry(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                             struct inode *dir, const char *name, int namelen,
+                             struct inode *inode, int visible)
+{
+       struct cpu_key entry_key;
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+       DECLARE_BITMAP(bit_string, MAX_GENERATION_NUMBER + 1);
+       int gen_number;
+
+       /*
+        * 48 bytes now and we avoid kmalloc if we
+        * create file with short name
+        */
+       char small_buf[32 + DEH_SIZE];
+
+       char *buffer;
+       int buflen, paste_size;
+       int retval;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       /* each entry has unique key. compose it */
+       make_cpu_key(&entry_key, dir,
+                    get_third_component(dir->i_sb, name, namelen),
+                    TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3);
+
+       /* get memory for composing the entry */
+       buflen = DEH_SIZE + ROUND_UP(namelen);
+       if (buflen > sizeof(small_buf)) {
+               buffer = kmalloc(buflen, GFP_NOFS);
+               if (!buffer)
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+       } else
+               buffer = small_buf;
+
+       paste_size =
+           (get_inode_sd_version(dir) ==
+            STAT_DATA_V1) ? (DEH_SIZE + namelen) : buflen;
+
+       /*
+        * fill buffer : directory entry head, name[, dir objectid | ,
+        * stat data | ,stat data, dir objectid ]
+        */
+       deh = (struct reiserfs_de_head *)buffer;
+       deh->deh_location = 0;  /* JDM Endian safe if 0 */
+       put_deh_offset(deh, cpu_key_k_offset(&entry_key));
+       deh->deh_state = 0;     /* JDM Endian safe if 0 */
+       /* put key (ino analog) to de */
+
+       /* safe: k_dir_id is le */
+       deh->deh_dir_id = INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id;
+       /* safe: k_objectid is le */
+       deh->deh_objectid = INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid;
+
+       /* copy name */
+       memcpy((char *)(deh + 1), name, namelen);
+       /* padd by 0s to the 4 byte boundary */
+       padd_item((char *)(deh + 1), ROUND_UP(namelen), namelen);
+
+       /*
+        * entry is ready to be pasted into tree, set 'visibility'
+        * and 'stat data in entry' attributes
+        */
+       mark_de_without_sd(deh);
+       visible ? mark_de_visible(deh) : mark_de_hidden(deh);
+
+       /* find the proper place for the new entry */
+       memset(bit_string, 0, sizeof(bit_string));
+       de.de_gen_number_bit_string = bit_string;
+       retval = reiserfs_find_entry(dir, name, namelen, &path, &de);
+       if (retval != NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+               if (buffer != small_buf)
+                       kfree(buffer);
+               pathrelse(&path);
+
+               if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+                       return -EIO;
+               }
+
+               if (retval != NAME_FOUND) {
+                       reiserfs_error(dir->i_sb, "zam-7002",
+                                      "reiserfs_find_entry() returned "
+                                      "unexpected value (%d)", retval);
+               }
+
+               return -EEXIST;
+       }
+
+       gen_number =
+           find_first_zero_bit(bit_string,
+                               MAX_GENERATION_NUMBER + 1);
+       if (gen_number > MAX_GENERATION_NUMBER) {
+               /* there is no free generation number */
+               reiserfs_warning(dir->i_sb, "reiserfs-7010",
+                                "Congratulations! we have got hash function "
+                                "screwed up");
+               if (buffer != small_buf)
+                       kfree(buffer);
+               pathrelse(&path);
+               return -EBUSY;
+       }
+       /* adjust offset of directory enrty */
+       put_deh_offset(deh, SET_GENERATION_NUMBER(deh_offset(deh), gen_number));
+       set_cpu_key_k_offset(&entry_key, deh_offset(deh));
+
+       /* update max-hash-collisions counter in reiserfs_sb_info */
+       PROC_INFO_MAX(th->t_super, max_hash_collisions, gen_number);
+
+       /* we need to re-search for the insertion point */
+       if (gen_number != 0) {
+               if (search_by_entry_key(dir->i_sb, &entry_key, &path, &de) !=
+                   NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(dir->i_sb, "vs-7032",
+                                        "entry with this key (%K) already "
+                                        "exists", &entry_key);
+
+                       if (buffer != small_buf)
+                               kfree(buffer);
+                       pathrelse(&path);
+                       return -EBUSY;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* perform the insertion of the entry that we have prepared */
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_paste_into_item(th, &path, &entry_key, dir, buffer,
+                                    paste_size);
+       if (buffer != small_buf)
+               kfree(buffer);
+       if (retval) {
+               reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       dir->i_size += paste_size;
+       inode_set_mtime_to_ts(dir, inode_set_ctime_current(dir));
+       if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode) && visible)
+               /* reiserfs_mkdir or reiserfs_rename will do that by itself */
+               reiserfs_update_sd(th, dir);
+
+       reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * quota utility function, call if you've had to abort after calling
+ * new_inode_init, and have not called reiserfs_new_inode yet.
+ * This should only be called on inodes that do not have stat data
+ * inserted into the tree yet.
+ */
+static int drop_new_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       dquot_drop(inode);
+       make_bad_inode(inode);
+       inode->i_flags |= S_NOQUOTA;
+       iput(inode);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * utility function that does setup for reiserfs_new_inode.
+ * dquot_initialize needs lots of credits so it's better to have it
+ * outside of a transaction, so we had to pull some bits of
+ * reiserfs_new_inode out into this func.
+ */
+static int new_inode_init(struct inode *inode, struct inode *dir, umode_t mode)
+{
+       /*
+        * Make inode invalid - just in case we are going to drop it before
+        * the initialization happens
+        */
+       INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid = 0;
+
+       /*
+        * the quota init calls have to know who to charge the quota to, so
+        * we have to set uid and gid here
+        */
+       inode_init_owner(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, dir, mode);
+       return dquot_initialize(inode);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_create(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *dir,
+                          struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode, bool excl)
+{
+       int retval;
+       struct inode *inode;
+       /*
+        * We need blocks for transaction + (user+group)*(quotas
+        * for new inode + update of quota for directory owner)
+        */
+       int jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 +
+           2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+                REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       struct reiserfs_security_handle security;
+
+       retval = dquot_initialize(dir);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+
+       if (!(inode = new_inode(dir->i_sb))) {
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       retval = new_inode_init(inode, dir, mode);
+       if (retval) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       jbegin_count += reiserfs_cache_default_acl(dir);
+       retval = reiserfs_security_init(dir, inode, &dentry->d_name, &security);
+       if (retval < 0) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               return retval;
+       }
+       jbegin_count += retval;
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+
+       retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+       if (retval) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_new_inode(&th, dir, mode, NULL, 0 /*i_size */ , dentry,
+                              inode, &security);
+       if (retval)
+               goto out_failed;
+
+       inode->i_op = &reiserfs_file_inode_operations;
+       inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_file_operations;
+       inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations;
+
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_add_entry(&th, dir, dentry->d_name.name,
+                              dentry->d_name.len, inode, 1 /*visible */ );
+       if (retval) {
+               int err;
+               drop_nlink(inode);
+               reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+               err = journal_end(&th);
+               if (err)
+                       retval = err;
+               unlock_new_inode(inode);
+               iput(inode);
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir);
+
+       d_instantiate_new(dentry, inode);
+       retval = journal_end(&th);
+
+out_failed:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+       reiserfs_security_free(&security);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_mknod(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *dir,
+                         struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode, dev_t rdev)
+{
+       int retval;
+       struct inode *inode;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       struct reiserfs_security_handle security;
+       /*
+        * We need blocks for transaction + (user+group)*(quotas
+        * for new inode + update of quota for directory owner)
+        */
+       int jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 +
+           2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+                REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
+
+       retval = dquot_initialize(dir);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+
+       if (!(inode = new_inode(dir->i_sb))) {
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       retval = new_inode_init(inode, dir, mode);
+       if (retval) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       jbegin_count += reiserfs_cache_default_acl(dir);
+       retval = reiserfs_security_init(dir, inode, &dentry->d_name, &security);
+       if (retval < 0) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               return retval;
+       }
+       jbegin_count += retval;
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+
+       retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+       if (retval) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_new_inode(&th, dir, mode, NULL, 0 /*i_size */ , dentry,
+                              inode, &security);
+       if (retval) {
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       inode->i_op = &reiserfs_special_inode_operations;
+       init_special_inode(inode, inode->i_mode, rdev);
+
+       /* FIXME: needed for block and char devices only */
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir);
+
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_add_entry(&th, dir, dentry->d_name.name,
+                              dentry->d_name.len, inode, 1 /*visible */ );
+       if (retval) {
+               int err;
+               drop_nlink(inode);
+               reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+               err = journal_end(&th);
+               if (err)
+                       retval = err;
+               unlock_new_inode(inode);
+               iput(inode);
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       d_instantiate_new(dentry, inode);
+       retval = journal_end(&th);
+
+out_failed:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+       reiserfs_security_free(&security);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_mkdir(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *dir,
+                         struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode)
+{
+       int retval;
+       struct inode *inode;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       struct reiserfs_security_handle security;
+       /*
+        * We need blocks for transaction + (user+group)*(quotas
+        * for new inode + update of quota for directory owner)
+        */
+       int jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 +
+           2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb) +
+                REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb));
+
+       retval = dquot_initialize(dir);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+       /*
+        * set flag that new packing locality created and new blocks
+        * for the content of that directory are not displaced yet
+        */
+       REISERFS_I(dir)->new_packing_locality = 1;
+#endif
+       mode = S_IFDIR | mode;
+       if (!(inode = new_inode(dir->i_sb))) {
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       retval = new_inode_init(inode, dir, mode);
+       if (retval) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       jbegin_count += reiserfs_cache_default_acl(dir);
+       retval = reiserfs_security_init(dir, inode, &dentry->d_name, &security);
+       if (retval < 0) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               return retval;
+       }
+       jbegin_count += retval;
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+
+       retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+       if (retval) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * inc the link count now, so another writer doesn't overflow
+        * it while we sleep later on.
+        */
+       INC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(dir)
+
+       retval = reiserfs_new_inode(&th, dir, mode, NULL /*symlink */,
+                                   old_format_only(dir->i_sb) ?
+                                   EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1 : EMPTY_DIR_SIZE,
+                                   dentry, inode, &security);
+       if (retval) {
+               DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(dir)
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir);
+
+       inode->i_op = &reiserfs_dir_inode_operations;
+       inode->i_fop = &reiserfs_dir_operations;
+
+       /* note, _this_ add_entry will not update dir's stat data */
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_add_entry(&th, dir, dentry->d_name.name,
+                              dentry->d_name.len, inode, 1 /*visible */ );
+       if (retval) {
+               int err;
+               clear_nlink(inode);
+               DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(dir);
+               reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+               err = journal_end(&th);
+               if (err)
+                       retval = err;
+               unlock_new_inode(inode);
+               iput(inode);
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+       /* the above add_entry did not update dir's stat data */
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, dir);
+
+       d_instantiate_new(dentry, inode);
+       retval = journal_end(&th);
+out_failed:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+       reiserfs_security_free(&security);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static inline int reiserfs_empty_dir(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       /*
+        * we can cheat because an old format dir cannot have
+        * EMPTY_DIR_SIZE, and a new format dir cannot have
+        * EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1.  So, if the inode is either size,
+        * regardless of disk format version, the directory is empty.
+        */
+       if (inode->i_size != EMPTY_DIR_SIZE &&
+           inode->i_size != EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1) {
+               return 0;
+       }
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       int retval, err;
+       struct inode *inode;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int jbegin_count;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+
+       /*
+        * we will be doing 2 balancings and update 2 stat data, we
+        * change quotas of the owner of the directory and of the owner
+        * of the parent directory.  The quota structure is possibly
+        * deleted only on last iput => outside of this transaction
+        */
+       jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 2 +
+           4 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb);
+
+       retval = dquot_initialize(dir);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+       retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+       if (retval)
+               goto out_rmdir;
+
+       de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+       if ((retval =
+            reiserfs_find_entry(dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len,
+                                &path, &de)) == NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+               retval = -ENOENT;
+               goto end_rmdir;
+       } else if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               retval = -EIO;
+               goto end_rmdir;
+       }
+
+       inode = d_inode(dentry);
+
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir);
+
+       if (de.de_objectid != inode->i_ino) {
+               /*
+                * FIXME: compare key of an object and a key found in the entry
+                */
+               retval = -EIO;
+               goto end_rmdir;
+       }
+       if (!reiserfs_empty_dir(inode)) {
+               retval = -ENOTEMPTY;
+               goto end_rmdir;
+       }
+
+       /* cut entry from dir directory */
+       retval = reiserfs_cut_from_item(&th, &path, &de.de_entry_key,
+                                       dir, NULL,      /* page */
+                                       0 /*new file size - not used here */ );
+       if (retval < 0)
+               goto end_rmdir;
+
+       if (inode->i_nlink != 2 && inode->i_nlink != 1)
+               reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "reiserfs-7040",
+                              "empty directory has nlink != 2 (%d)",
+                              inode->i_nlink);
+
+       clear_nlink(inode);
+       inode_set_mtime_to_ts(dir,
+                             inode_set_ctime_to_ts(dir, inode_set_ctime_current(inode)));
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+
+       DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(dir)
+       dir->i_size -= (DEH_SIZE + de.de_entrylen);
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, dir);
+
+       /* prevent empty directory from getting lost */
+       add_save_link(&th, inode, 0 /* not truncate */ );
+
+       retval = journal_end(&th);
+       reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+out_rmdir:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+       return retval;
+
+end_rmdir:
+       /*
+        * we must release path, because we did not call
+        * reiserfs_cut_from_item, or reiserfs_cut_from_item does not
+        * release path if operation was not complete
+        */
+       pathrelse(&path);
+       err = journal_end(&th);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+       return err ? err : retval;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       int retval, err;
+       struct inode *inode;
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int jbegin_count;
+       unsigned long savelink;
+
+       retval = dquot_initialize(dir);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+
+       inode = d_inode(dentry);
+
+       /*
+        * in this transaction we can be doing at max two balancings and
+        * update two stat datas, we change quotas of the owner of the
+        * directory and of the owner of the parent directory. The quota
+        * structure is possibly deleted only on iput => outside of
+        * this transaction
+        */
+       jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 2 +
+           4 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb);
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+       retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+       if (retval)
+               goto out_unlink;
+
+       de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+       if ((retval =
+            reiserfs_find_entry(dir, dentry->d_name.name, dentry->d_name.len,
+                                &path, &de)) == NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
+               retval = -ENOENT;
+               goto end_unlink;
+       } else if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               retval = -EIO;
+               goto end_unlink;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir);
+
+       if (de.de_objectid != inode->i_ino) {
+               /*
+                * FIXME: compare key of an object and a key found in the entry
+                */
+               retval = -EIO;
+               goto end_unlink;
+       }
+
+       if (!inode->i_nlink) {
+               reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "reiserfs-7042",
+                                "deleting nonexistent file (%lu), %d",
+                                inode->i_ino, inode->i_nlink);
+               set_nlink(inode, 1);
+       }
+
+       drop_nlink(inode);
+
+       /*
+        * we schedule before doing the add_save_link call, save the link
+        * count so we don't race
+        */
+       savelink = inode->i_nlink;
+
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_cut_from_item(&th, &path, &de.de_entry_key, dir, NULL,
+                                  0);
+       if (retval < 0) {
+               inc_nlink(inode);
+               goto end_unlink;
+       }
+       inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+
+       dir->i_size -= (de.de_entrylen + DEH_SIZE);
+       inode_set_mtime_to_ts(dir, inode_set_ctime_current(dir));
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, dir);
+
+       if (!savelink)
+               /* prevent file from getting lost */
+               add_save_link(&th, inode, 0 /* not truncate */ );
+
+       retval = journal_end(&th);
+       reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+       return retval;
+
+end_unlink:
+       pathrelse(&path);
+       err = journal_end(&th);
+       reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+       if (err)
+               retval = err;
+out_unlink:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_symlink(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+                           struct inode *parent_dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+                           const char *symname)
+{
+       int retval;
+       struct inode *inode;
+       char *name;
+       int item_len;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       struct reiserfs_security_handle security;
+       int mode = S_IFLNK | S_IRWXUGO;
+       /*
+        * We need blocks for transaction + (user+group)*(quotas for
+        * new inode + update of quota for directory owner)
+        */
+       int jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 +
+           2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(parent_dir->i_sb) +
+                REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(parent_dir->i_sb));
+
+       retval = dquot_initialize(parent_dir);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+
+       if (!(inode = new_inode(parent_dir->i_sb))) {
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       }
+       retval = new_inode_init(inode, parent_dir, mode);
+       if (retval) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       retval = reiserfs_security_init(parent_dir, inode, &dentry->d_name,
+                                       &security);
+       if (retval < 0) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               return retval;
+       }
+       jbegin_count += retval;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(parent_dir->i_sb);
+       item_len = ROUND_UP(strlen(symname));
+       if (item_len > MAX_DIRECT_ITEM_LEN(parent_dir->i_sb->s_blocksize)) {
+               retval = -ENAMETOOLONG;
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       name = kmalloc(item_len, GFP_NOFS);
+       if (!name) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               retval = -ENOMEM;
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+       memcpy(name, symname, strlen(symname));
+       padd_item(name, item_len, strlen(symname));
+
+       retval = journal_begin(&th, parent_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+       if (retval) {
+               drop_new_inode(inode);
+               kfree(name);
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_new_inode(&th, parent_dir, mode, name, strlen(symname),
+                              dentry, inode, &security);
+       kfree(name);
+       if (retval) {           /* reiserfs_new_inode iputs for us */
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(parent_dir);
+
+       inode->i_op = &reiserfs_symlink_inode_operations;
+       inode_nohighmem(inode);
+       inode->i_mapping->a_ops = &reiserfs_address_space_operations;
+
+       retval = reiserfs_add_entry(&th, parent_dir, dentry->d_name.name,
+                                   dentry->d_name.len, inode, 1 /*visible */ );
+       if (retval) {
+               int err;
+               drop_nlink(inode);
+               reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+               err = journal_end(&th);
+               if (err)
+                       retval = err;
+               unlock_new_inode(inode);
+               iput(inode);
+               goto out_failed;
+       }
+
+       d_instantiate_new(dentry, inode);
+       retval = journal_end(&th);
+out_failed:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(parent_dir->i_sb);
+       reiserfs_security_free(&security);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_link(struct dentry *old_dentry, struct inode *dir,
+                        struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       int retval;
+       struct inode *inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       /*
+        * We need blocks for transaction + update of quotas for
+        * the owners of the directory
+        */
+       int jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 +
+           2 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dir->i_sb);
+
+       retval = dquot_initialize(dir);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dir->i_sb);
+       if (inode->i_nlink >= REISERFS_LINK_MAX) {
+               /* FIXME: sd_nlink is 32 bit for new files */
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+               return -EMLINK;
+       }
+
+       /* inc before scheduling so reiserfs_unlink knows we are here */
+       inc_nlink(inode);
+
+       retval = journal_begin(&th, dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+       if (retval) {
+               drop_nlink(inode);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       /* create new entry */
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_add_entry(&th, dir, dentry->d_name.name,
+                              dentry->d_name.len, inode, 1 /*visible */ );
+
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(dir);
+
+       if (retval) {
+               int err;
+               drop_nlink(inode);
+               err = journal_end(&th);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+               return err ? err : retval;
+       }
+
+       inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+
+       ihold(inode);
+       d_instantiate(dentry, inode);
+       retval = journal_end(&th);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dir->i_sb);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+/* de contains information pointing to an entry which */
+static int de_still_valid(const char *name, int len,
+                         struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry tmp = *de;
+
+       /* recalculate pointer to name and name length */
+       set_de_name_and_namelen(&tmp);
+       /* FIXME: could check more */
+       if (tmp.de_namelen != len || memcmp(name, de->de_name, len))
+               return 0;
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static int entry_points_to_object(const char *name, int len,
+                                 struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de,
+                                 struct inode *inode)
+{
+       if (!de_still_valid(name, len, de))
+               return 0;
+
+       if (inode) {
+               if (!de_visible(de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num))
+                       reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "vs-7042",
+                                      "entry must be visible");
+               return (de->de_objectid == inode->i_ino) ? 1 : 0;
+       }
+
+       /* this must be added hidden entry */
+       if (de_visible(de->de_deh + de->de_entry_num))
+               reiserfs_panic(NULL, "vs-7043", "entry must be visible");
+
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/* sets key of objectid the entry has to point to */
+static void set_ino_in_dir_entry(struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de,
+                                struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       /* JDM These operations are endian safe - both are le */
+       de->de_deh[de->de_entry_num].deh_dir_id = key->k_dir_id;
+       de->de_deh[de->de_entry_num].deh_objectid = key->k_objectid;
+}
+
+/*
+ * process, that is going to call fix_nodes/do_balance must hold only
+ * one path. If it holds 2 or more, it can get into endless waiting in
+ * get_empty_nodes or its clones
+ */
+static int reiserfs_rename(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+                          struct inode *old_dir, struct dentry *old_dentry,
+                          struct inode *new_dir, struct dentry *new_dentry,
+                          unsigned int flags)
+{
+       int retval;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(old_entry_path);
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(new_entry_path);
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(dot_dot_entry_path);
+       struct item_head new_entry_ih, old_entry_ih, dot_dot_ih;
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry old_de, new_de, dot_dot_de;
+       struct inode *old_inode, *new_dentry_inode;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int jbegin_count;
+       unsigned long savelink = 1;
+       bool update_dir_parent = false;
+
+       if (flags & ~RENAME_NOREPLACE)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       /*
+        * three balancings: (1) old name removal, (2) new name insertion
+        * and (3) maybe "save" link insertion
+        * stat data updates: (1) old directory,
+        * (2) new directory and (3) maybe old object stat data (when it is
+        * directory) and (4) maybe stat data of object to which new entry
+        * pointed initially and (5) maybe block containing ".." of
+        * renamed directory
+        * quota updates: two parent directories
+        */
+       jbegin_count =
+           JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + 5 +
+           4 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(old_dir->i_sb);
+
+       retval = dquot_initialize(old_dir);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+       retval = dquot_initialize(new_dir);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+
+       old_inode = d_inode(old_dentry);
+       new_dentry_inode = d_inode(new_dentry);
+
+       /*
+        * make sure that oldname still exists and points to an object we
+        * are going to rename
+        */
+       old_de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+       reiserfs_write_lock(old_dir->i_sb);
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_find_entry(old_dir, old_dentry->d_name.name,
+                               old_dentry->d_name.len, &old_entry_path,
+                               &old_de);
+       pathrelse(&old_entry_path);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+
+       if (retval != NAME_FOUND || old_de.de_objectid != old_inode->i_ino) {
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+               return -ENOENT;
+       }
+
+       if (S_ISDIR(old_inode->i_mode)) {
+               /*
+                * make sure that directory being renamed has correct ".."
+                * and that its new parent directory has not too many links
+                * already
+                */
+               if (new_dentry_inode) {
+                       if (!reiserfs_empty_dir(new_dentry_inode)) {
+                               reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+                               return -ENOTEMPTY;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (old_dir != new_dir) {
+                       /*
+                        * directory is renamed, its parent directory will be
+                        * changed, so find ".." entry
+                        */
+                       dot_dot_de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+                       retval =
+                           reiserfs_find_entry(old_inode, "..", 2,
+                                       &dot_dot_entry_path,
+                                       &dot_dot_de);
+                       pathrelse(&dot_dot_entry_path);
+                       if (retval != NAME_FOUND) {
+                               reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+                               return -EIO;
+                       }
+
+                       /* inode number of .. must equal old_dir->i_ino */
+                       if (dot_dot_de.de_objectid != old_dir->i_ino) {
+                               reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+                               return -EIO;
+                       }
+                       update_dir_parent = true;
+               }
+       }
+
+       retval = journal_begin(&th, old_dir->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+       if (retval) {
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+               return retval;
+       }
+
+       /* add new entry (or find the existing one) */
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_add_entry(&th, new_dir, new_dentry->d_name.name,
+                              new_dentry->d_name.len, old_inode, 0);
+       if (retval == -EEXIST) {
+               if (!new_dentry_inode) {
+                       reiserfs_panic(old_dir->i_sb, "vs-7050",
+                                      "new entry is found, new inode == 0");
+               }
+       } else if (retval) {
+               int err = journal_end(&th);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+               return err ? err : retval;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(old_dir);
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(new_dir);
+
+       /*
+        * this makes it so an fsync on an open fd for the old name will
+        * commit the rename operation
+        */
+       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(old_inode);
+
+       if (new_dentry_inode)
+               reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(new_dentry_inode);
+
+       while (1) {
+               /*
+                * look for old name using corresponding entry key
+                * (found by reiserfs_find_entry)
+                */
+               if ((retval =
+                    search_by_entry_key(new_dir->i_sb, &old_de.de_entry_key,
+                                        &old_entry_path,
+                                        &old_de)) != NAME_FOUND) {
+                       pathrelse(&old_entry_path);
+                       journal_end(&th);
+                       reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+                       return -EIO;
+               }
+
+               copy_item_head(&old_entry_ih, tp_item_head(&old_entry_path));
+
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(old_inode->i_sb, old_de.de_bh, 1);
+
+               /* look for new name by reiserfs_find_entry */
+               new_de.de_gen_number_bit_string = NULL;
+               retval =
+                   reiserfs_find_entry(new_dir, new_dentry->d_name.name,
+                                       new_dentry->d_name.len, &new_entry_path,
+                                       &new_de);
+               /*
+                * reiserfs_add_entry should not return IO_ERROR,
+                * because it is called with essentially same parameters from
+                * reiserfs_add_entry above, and we'll catch any i/o errors
+                * before we get here.
+                */
+               if (retval != NAME_FOUND_INVISIBLE && retval != NAME_FOUND) {
+                       pathrelse(&new_entry_path);
+                       pathrelse(&old_entry_path);
+                       journal_end(&th);
+                       reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+                       return -EIO;
+               }
+
+               copy_item_head(&new_entry_ih, tp_item_head(&new_entry_path));
+
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(old_inode->i_sb, new_de.de_bh, 1);
+
+               if (update_dir_parent) {
+                       if ((retval =
+                            search_by_entry_key(new_dir->i_sb,
+                                                &dot_dot_de.de_entry_key,
+                                                &dot_dot_entry_path,
+                                                &dot_dot_de)) != NAME_FOUND) {
+                               pathrelse(&dot_dot_entry_path);
+                               pathrelse(&new_entry_path);
+                               pathrelse(&old_entry_path);
+                               journal_end(&th);
+                               reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+                               return -EIO;
+                       }
+                       copy_item_head(&dot_dot_ih,
+                                      tp_item_head(&dot_dot_entry_path));
+                       /* node containing ".." gets into transaction */
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(old_inode->i_sb,
+                                                    dot_dot_de.de_bh, 1);
+               }
+               /*
+                * we should check seals here, not do
+                * this stuff, yes? Then, having
+                * gathered everything into RAM we
+                * should lock the buffers, yes?  -Hans
+                */
+               /*
+                * probably.  our rename needs to hold more
+                * than one path at once.  The seals would
+                * have to be written to deal with multi-path
+                * issues -chris
+                */
+               /*
+                * sanity checking before doing the rename - avoid races many
+                * of the above checks could have scheduled.  We have to be
+                * sure our items haven't been shifted by another process.
+                */
+               if (item_moved(&new_entry_ih, &new_entry_path) ||
+                   !entry_points_to_object(new_dentry->d_name.name,
+                                           new_dentry->d_name.len,
+                                           &new_de, new_dentry_inode) ||
+                   item_moved(&old_entry_ih, &old_entry_path) ||
+                   !entry_points_to_object(old_dentry->d_name.name,
+                                           old_dentry->d_name.len,
+                                           &old_de, old_inode)) {
+                       reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(old_inode->i_sb,
+                                                        new_de.de_bh);
+                       reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(old_inode->i_sb,
+                                                        old_de.de_bh);
+                       if (update_dir_parent)
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(old_inode->
+                                                                i_sb,
+                                                                dot_dot_de.
+                                                                de_bh);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (update_dir_parent) {
+                       if (item_moved(&dot_dot_ih, &dot_dot_entry_path) ||
+                           !entry_points_to_object("..", 2, &dot_dot_de,
+                                                   old_dir)) {
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(old_inode->
+                                                                i_sb,
+                                                                old_de.de_bh);
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(old_inode->
+                                                                i_sb,
+                                                                new_de.de_bh);
+                               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(old_inode->
+                                                                i_sb,
+                                                                dot_dot_de.
+                                                                de_bh);
+                               continue;
+                       }
+               }
+
+               RFALSE(update_dir_parent &&
+                      !buffer_journal_prepared(dot_dot_de.de_bh), "");
+
+               break;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * ok, all the changes can be done in one fell swoop when we
+        * have claimed all the buffers needed.
+        */
+
+       mark_de_visible(new_de.de_deh + new_de.de_entry_num);
+       set_ino_in_dir_entry(&new_de, INODE_PKEY(old_inode));
+       journal_mark_dirty(&th, new_de.de_bh);
+
+       mark_de_hidden(old_de.de_deh + old_de.de_entry_num);
+       journal_mark_dirty(&th, old_de.de_bh);
+       /*
+        * thanks to Alex Adriaanse <alex_a@caltech.edu> for patch
+        * which adds ctime update of renamed object
+        */
+       simple_rename_timestamp(old_dir, old_dentry, new_dir, new_dentry);
+
+       if (new_dentry_inode) {
+               /* adjust link number of the victim */
+               if (S_ISDIR(new_dentry_inode->i_mode)) {
+                       clear_nlink(new_dentry_inode);
+               } else {
+                       drop_nlink(new_dentry_inode);
+               }
+               savelink = new_dentry_inode->i_nlink;
+       }
+
+       if (update_dir_parent) {
+               /* adjust ".." of renamed directory */
+               set_ino_in_dir_entry(&dot_dot_de, INODE_PKEY(new_dir));
+               journal_mark_dirty(&th, dot_dot_de.de_bh);
+       }
+       if (S_ISDIR(old_inode->i_mode)) {
+               /*
+                * there (in new_dir) was no directory, so it got new link
+                * (".."  of renamed directory)
+                */
+               if (!new_dentry_inode)
+                       INC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(new_dir);
+
+               /* old directory lost one link - ".. " of renamed directory */
+               DEC_DIR_INODE_NLINK(old_dir);
+       }
+       /*
+        * looks like in 2.3.99pre3 brelse is atomic.
+        * so we can use pathrelse
+        */
+       pathrelse(&new_entry_path);
+       pathrelse(&dot_dot_entry_path);
+
+       /*
+        * FIXME: this reiserfs_cut_from_item's return value may screw up
+        * anybody, but it will panic if will not be able to find the
+        * entry. This needs one more clean up
+        */
+       if (reiserfs_cut_from_item
+           (&th, &old_entry_path, &old_de.de_entry_key, old_dir, NULL,
+            0) < 0)
+               reiserfs_error(old_dir->i_sb, "vs-7060",
+                              "couldn't not cut old name. Fsck later?");
+
+       old_dir->i_size -= DEH_SIZE + old_de.de_entrylen;
+
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, old_dir);
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, new_dir);
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, old_inode);
+
+       if (new_dentry_inode) {
+               if (savelink == 0)
+                       add_save_link(&th, new_dentry_inode,
+                                     0 /* not truncate */ );
+               reiserfs_update_sd(&th, new_dentry_inode);
+       }
+
+       retval = journal_end(&th);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(old_dir->i_sb);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+static const struct inode_operations reiserfs_priv_dir_inode_operations = {
+       .create = reiserfs_create,
+       .lookup = reiserfs_lookup,
+       .link = reiserfs_link,
+       .unlink = reiserfs_unlink,
+       .symlink = reiserfs_symlink,
+       .mkdir = reiserfs_mkdir,
+       .rmdir = reiserfs_rmdir,
+       .mknod = reiserfs_mknod,
+       .rename = reiserfs_rename,
+       .setattr = reiserfs_setattr,
+       .permission = reiserfs_permission,
+       .fileattr_get = reiserfs_fileattr_get,
+       .fileattr_set = reiserfs_fileattr_set,
+};
+
+static const struct inode_operations reiserfs_priv_symlink_inode_operations = {
+       .get_link       = page_get_link,
+       .setattr = reiserfs_setattr,
+       .permission = reiserfs_permission,
+};
+
+static const struct inode_operations reiserfs_priv_special_inode_operations = {
+       .setattr = reiserfs_setattr,
+       .permission = reiserfs_permission,
+};
+
+void reiserfs_init_priv_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       inode->i_flags |= S_PRIVATE;
+       inode->i_opflags &= ~IOP_XATTR;
+
+       if (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode))
+               inode->i_op = &reiserfs_priv_file_inode_operations;
+       else if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+               inode->i_op = &reiserfs_priv_dir_inode_operations;
+       else if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode))
+               inode->i_op = &reiserfs_priv_symlink_inode_operations;
+       else
+               inode->i_op = &reiserfs_priv_special_inode_operations;
+}
+
+/* directories can handle most operations...  */
+const struct inode_operations reiserfs_dir_inode_operations = {
+       .create = reiserfs_create,
+       .lookup = reiserfs_lookup,
+       .link = reiserfs_link,
+       .unlink = reiserfs_unlink,
+       .symlink = reiserfs_symlink,
+       .mkdir = reiserfs_mkdir,
+       .rmdir = reiserfs_rmdir,
+       .mknod = reiserfs_mknod,
+       .rename = reiserfs_rename,
+       .setattr = reiserfs_setattr,
+       .listxattr = reiserfs_listxattr,
+       .permission = reiserfs_permission,
+       .get_inode_acl = reiserfs_get_acl,
+       .set_acl = reiserfs_set_acl,
+       .fileattr_get = reiserfs_fileattr_get,
+       .fileattr_set = reiserfs_fileattr_set,
+};
+
+/*
+ * symlink operations.. same as page_symlink_inode_operations, with xattr
+ * stuff added
+ */
+const struct inode_operations reiserfs_symlink_inode_operations = {
+       .get_link       = page_get_link,
+       .setattr = reiserfs_setattr,
+       .listxattr = reiserfs_listxattr,
+       .permission = reiserfs_permission,
+};
+
+/*
+ * special file operations.. just xattr/acl stuff
+ */
+const struct inode_operations reiserfs_special_inode_operations = {
+       .setattr = reiserfs_setattr,
+       .listxattr = reiserfs_listxattr,
+       .permission = reiserfs_permission,
+       .get_inode_acl = reiserfs_get_acl,
+       .set_acl = reiserfs_set_acl,
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/objectid.c b/fs/reiserfs/objectid.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..34baf5c0f265
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/objectid.c
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/uuid.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+
+/* find where objectid map starts */
+#define objectid_map(s,rs) (old_format_only (s) ? \
+                         (__le32 *)((struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 *)(rs) + 1) :\
+                        (__le32 *)((rs) + 1))
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+
+static void check_objectid_map(struct super_block *s, __le32 * map)
+{
+       if (le32_to_cpu(map[0]) != 1)
+               reiserfs_panic(s, "vs-15010", "map corrupted: %lx",
+                              (long unsigned int)le32_to_cpu(map[0]));
+
+       /* FIXME: add something else here */
+}
+
+#else
+static void check_objectid_map(struct super_block *s, __le32 * map)
+{;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * When we allocate objectids we allocate the first unused objectid.
+ * Each sequence of objectids in use (the odd sequences) is followed
+ * by a sequence of objectids not in use (the even sequences).  We
+ * only need to record the last objectid in each of these sequences
+ * (both the odd and even sequences) in order to fully define the
+ * boundaries of the sequences.  A consequence of allocating the first
+ * objectid not in use is that under most conditions this scheme is
+ * extremely compact.  The exception is immediately after a sequence
+ * of operations which deletes a large number of objects of
+ * non-sequential objectids, and even then it will become compact
+ * again as soon as more objects are created.  Note that many
+ * interesting optimizations of layout could result from complicating
+ * objectid assignment, but we have deferred making them for now.
+ */
+
+/* get unique object identifier */
+__u32 reiserfs_get_unused_objectid(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th)
+{
+       struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+       __le32 *map = objectid_map(s, rs);
+       __u32 unused_objectid;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       check_objectid_map(s, map);
+
+       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1);
+       /* comment needed -Hans */
+       unused_objectid = le32_to_cpu(map[1]);
+       if (unused_objectid == U32_MAX) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-15100", "no more object ids");
+               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * This incrementation allocates the first unused objectid. That
+        * is to say, the first entry on the objectid map is the first
+        * unused objectid, and by incrementing it we use it.  See below
+        * where we check to see if we eliminated a sequence of unused
+        * objectids....
+        */
+       map[1] = cpu_to_le32(unused_objectid + 1);
+
+       /*
+        * Now we check to see if we eliminated the last remaining member of
+        * the first even sequence (and can eliminate the sequence by
+        * eliminating its last objectid from oids), and can collapse the
+        * first two odd sequences into one sequence.  If so, then the net
+        * result is to eliminate a pair of objectids from oids.  We do this
+        * by shifting the entire map to the left.
+        */
+       if (sb_oid_cursize(rs) > 2 && map[1] == map[2]) {
+               memmove(map + 1, map + 3,
+                       (sb_oid_cursize(rs) - 3) * sizeof(__u32));
+               set_sb_oid_cursize(rs, sb_oid_cursize(rs) - 2);
+       }
+
+       journal_mark_dirty(th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+       return unused_objectid;
+}
+
+/* makes object identifier unused */
+void reiserfs_release_objectid(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                              __u32 objectid_to_release)
+{
+       struct super_block *s = th->t_super;
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+       __le32 *map = objectid_map(s, rs);
+       int i = 0;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       /*return; */
+       check_objectid_map(s, map);
+
+       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1);
+       journal_mark_dirty(th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+
+       /*
+        * start at the beginning of the objectid map (i = 0) and go to
+        * the end of it (i = disk_sb->s_oid_cursize).  Linear search is
+        * what we use, though it is possible that binary search would be
+        * more efficient after performing lots of deletions (which is
+        * when oids is large.)  We only check even i's.
+        */
+       while (i < sb_oid_cursize(rs)) {
+               if (objectid_to_release == le32_to_cpu(map[i])) {
+                       /* This incrementation unallocates the objectid. */
+                       le32_add_cpu(&map[i], 1);
+
+                       /*
+                        * Did we unallocate the last member of an
+                        * odd sequence, and can shrink oids?
+                        */
+                       if (map[i] == map[i + 1]) {
+                               /* shrink objectid map */
+                               memmove(map + i, map + i + 2,
+                                       (sb_oid_cursize(rs) - i -
+                                        2) * sizeof(__u32));
+                               set_sb_oid_cursize(rs, sb_oid_cursize(rs) - 2);
+
+                               RFALSE(sb_oid_cursize(rs) < 2 ||
+                                      sb_oid_cursize(rs) > sb_oid_maxsize(rs),
+                                      "vs-15005: objectid map corrupted cur_size == %d (max == %d)",
+                                      sb_oid_cursize(rs), sb_oid_maxsize(rs));
+                       }
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               if (objectid_to_release > le32_to_cpu(map[i]) &&
+                   objectid_to_release < le32_to_cpu(map[i + 1])) {
+                       /* size of objectid map is not changed */
+                       if (objectid_to_release + 1 == le32_to_cpu(map[i + 1])) {
+                               le32_add_cpu(&map[i + 1], -1);
+                               return;
+                       }
+
+                       /*
+                        * JDM comparing two little-endian values for
+                        * equality -- safe
+                        */
+                       /*
+                        * objectid map must be expanded, but
+                        * there is no space
+                        */
+                       if (sb_oid_cursize(rs) == sb_oid_maxsize(rs)) {
+                               PROC_INFO_INC(s, leaked_oid);
+                               return;
+                       }
+
+                       /* expand the objectid map */
+                       memmove(map + i + 3, map + i + 1,
+                               (sb_oid_cursize(rs) - i - 1) * sizeof(__u32));
+                       map[i + 1] = cpu_to_le32(objectid_to_release);
+                       map[i + 2] = cpu_to_le32(objectid_to_release + 1);
+                       set_sb_oid_cursize(rs, sb_oid_cursize(rs) + 2);
+                       return;
+               }
+               i += 2;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_error(s, "vs-15011", "tried to free free object id (%lu)",
+                      (long unsigned)objectid_to_release);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_convert_objectid_map_v1(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *disk_sb = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+       int cur_size = sb_oid_cursize(disk_sb);
+       int new_size = (s->s_blocksize - SB_SIZE) / sizeof(__u32) / 2 * 2;
+       int old_max = sb_oid_maxsize(disk_sb);
+       struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 *disk_sb_v1;
+       __le32 *objectid_map;
+       int i;
+
+       disk_sb_v1 =
+           (struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 *)(SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s)->b_data);
+       objectid_map = (__le32 *) (disk_sb_v1 + 1);
+
+       if (cur_size > new_size) {
+               /*
+                * mark everyone used that was listed as free at
+                * the end of the objectid map
+                */
+               objectid_map[new_size - 1] = objectid_map[cur_size - 1];
+               set_sb_oid_cursize(disk_sb, new_size);
+       }
+       /* move the smaller objectid map past the end of the new super */
+       for (i = new_size - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
+               objectid_map[i + (old_max - new_size)] = objectid_map[i];
+       }
+
+       /* set the max size so we don't overflow later */
+       set_sb_oid_maxsize(disk_sb, new_size);
+
+       /* Zero out label and generate random UUID */
+       memset(disk_sb->s_label, 0, sizeof(disk_sb->s_label));
+       generate_random_uuid(disk_sb->s_uuid);
+
+       /* finally, zero out the unused chunk of the new super */
+       memset(disk_sb->s_unused, 0, sizeof(disk_sb->s_unused));
+       return 0;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/prints.c b/fs/reiserfs/prints.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..84a194b77f19
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/prints.c
@@ -0,0 +1,792 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+#include <linux/stdarg.h>
+
+static char error_buf[1024];
+static char fmt_buf[1024];
+static char off_buf[80];
+
+static char *reiserfs_cpu_offset(struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       if (cpu_key_k_type(key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+               sprintf(off_buf, "%llu(%llu)",
+                       (unsigned long long)
+                       GET_HASH_VALUE(cpu_key_k_offset(key)),
+                       (unsigned long long)
+                       GET_GENERATION_NUMBER(cpu_key_k_offset(key)));
+       else
+               sprintf(off_buf, "0x%Lx",
+                       (unsigned long long)cpu_key_k_offset(key));
+       return off_buf;
+}
+
+static char *le_offset(struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       int version;
+
+       version = le_key_version(key);
+       if (le_key_k_type(version, key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+               sprintf(off_buf, "%llu(%llu)",
+                       (unsigned long long)
+                       GET_HASH_VALUE(le_key_k_offset(version, key)),
+                       (unsigned long long)
+                       GET_GENERATION_NUMBER(le_key_k_offset(version, key)));
+       else
+               sprintf(off_buf, "0x%Lx",
+                       (unsigned long long)le_key_k_offset(version, key));
+       return off_buf;
+}
+
+static char *cpu_type(struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       if (cpu_key_k_type(key) == TYPE_STAT_DATA)
+               return "SD";
+       if (cpu_key_k_type(key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+               return "DIR";
+       if (cpu_key_k_type(key) == TYPE_DIRECT)
+               return "DIRECT";
+       if (cpu_key_k_type(key) == TYPE_INDIRECT)
+               return "IND";
+       return "UNKNOWN";
+}
+
+static char *le_type(struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       int version;
+
+       version = le_key_version(key);
+
+       if (le_key_k_type(version, key) == TYPE_STAT_DATA)
+               return "SD";
+       if (le_key_k_type(version, key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+               return "DIR";
+       if (le_key_k_type(version, key) == TYPE_DIRECT)
+               return "DIRECT";
+       if (le_key_k_type(version, key) == TYPE_INDIRECT)
+               return "IND";
+       return "UNKNOWN";
+}
+
+/* %k */
+static int scnprintf_le_key(char *buf, size_t size, struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       if (key)
+               return scnprintf(buf, size, "[%d %d %s %s]",
+                                le32_to_cpu(key->k_dir_id),
+                                le32_to_cpu(key->k_objectid), le_offset(key),
+                                le_type(key));
+       else
+               return scnprintf(buf, size, "[NULL]");
+}
+
+/* %K */
+static int scnprintf_cpu_key(char *buf, size_t size, struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       if (key)
+               return scnprintf(buf, size, "[%d %d %s %s]",
+                                key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id,
+                                key->on_disk_key.k_objectid,
+                                reiserfs_cpu_offset(key), cpu_type(key));
+       else
+               return scnprintf(buf, size, "[NULL]");
+}
+
+static int scnprintf_de_head(char *buf, size_t size,
+                            struct reiserfs_de_head *deh)
+{
+       if (deh)
+               return scnprintf(buf, size,
+                                "[offset=%d dir_id=%d objectid=%d location=%d state=%04x]",
+                                deh_offset(deh), deh_dir_id(deh),
+                                deh_objectid(deh), deh_location(deh),
+                                deh_state(deh));
+       else
+               return scnprintf(buf, size, "[NULL]");
+
+}
+
+static int scnprintf_item_head(char *buf, size_t size, struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       if (ih) {
+               char *p = buf;
+               char * const end = buf + size;
+
+               p += scnprintf(p, end - p, "%s",
+                              (ih_version(ih) == KEY_FORMAT_3_6) ?
+                              "*3.6* " : "*3.5*");
+
+               p += scnprintf_le_key(p, end - p, &ih->ih_key);
+
+               p += scnprintf(p, end - p,
+                              ", item_len %d, item_location %d, free_space(entry_count) %d",
+                              ih_item_len(ih), ih_location(ih),
+                              ih_free_space(ih));
+               return p - buf;
+       } else
+               return scnprintf(buf, size, "[NULL]");
+}
+
+static int scnprintf_direntry(char *buf, size_t size,
+                             struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de)
+{
+       char name[20];
+
+       memcpy(name, de->de_name, de->de_namelen > 19 ? 19 : de->de_namelen);
+       name[de->de_namelen > 19 ? 19 : de->de_namelen] = 0;
+       return scnprintf(buf, size, "\"%s\"==>[%d %d]",
+                        name, de->de_dir_id, de->de_objectid);
+}
+
+static int scnprintf_block_head(char *buf, size_t size, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       return scnprintf(buf, size,
+                        "level=%d, nr_items=%d, free_space=%d rdkey ",
+                        B_LEVEL(bh), B_NR_ITEMS(bh), B_FREE_SPACE(bh));
+}
+
+static int scnprintf_buffer_head(char *buf, size_t size, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       return scnprintf(buf, size,
+                        "dev %pg, size %zd, blocknr %llu, count %d, state 0x%lx, page %p, (%s, %s, %s)",
+                        bh->b_bdev, bh->b_size,
+                        (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr,
+                        atomic_read(&(bh->b_count)),
+                        bh->b_state, bh->b_page,
+                        buffer_uptodate(bh) ? "UPTODATE" : "!UPTODATE",
+                        buffer_dirty(bh) ? "DIRTY" : "CLEAN",
+                        buffer_locked(bh) ? "LOCKED" : "UNLOCKED");
+}
+
+static int scnprintf_disk_child(char *buf, size_t size, struct disk_child *dc)
+{
+       return scnprintf(buf, size, "[dc_number=%d, dc_size=%u]",
+                        dc_block_number(dc), dc_size(dc));
+}
+
+static char *is_there_reiserfs_struct(char *fmt, int *what)
+{
+       char *k = fmt;
+
+       while ((k = strchr(k, '%')) != NULL) {
+               if (k[1] == 'k' || k[1] == 'K' || k[1] == 'h' || k[1] == 't' ||
+                   k[1] == 'z' || k[1] == 'b' || k[1] == 'y' || k[1] == 'a') {
+                       *what = k[1];
+                       break;
+               }
+               k++;
+       }
+       return k;
+}
+
+/*
+ * debugging reiserfs we used to print out a lot of different
+ * variables, like keys, item headers, buffer heads etc. Values of
+ * most fields matter. So it took a long time just to write
+ * appropriative printk. With this reiserfs_warning you can use format
+ * specification for complex structures like you used to do with
+ * printfs for integers, doubles and pointers. For instance, to print
+ * out key structure you have to write just:
+ * reiserfs_warning ("bad key %k", key);
+ * instead of
+ * printk ("bad key %lu %lu %lu %lu", key->k_dir_id, key->k_objectid,
+ *         key->k_offset, key->k_uniqueness);
+ */
+static DEFINE_SPINLOCK(error_lock);
+static void prepare_error_buf(const char *fmt, va_list args)
+{
+       char *fmt1 = fmt_buf;
+       char *k;
+       char *p = error_buf;
+       char * const end = &error_buf[sizeof(error_buf)];
+       int what;
+
+       spin_lock(&error_lock);
+
+       if (WARN_ON(strscpy(fmt_buf, fmt, sizeof(fmt_buf)) < 0)) {
+               strscpy(error_buf, "format string too long", end - error_buf);
+               goto out_unlock;
+       }
+
+       while ((k = is_there_reiserfs_struct(fmt1, &what)) != NULL) {
+               *k = 0;
+
+               p += vscnprintf(p, end - p, fmt1, args);
+
+               switch (what) {
+               case 'k':
+                       p += scnprintf_le_key(p, end - p,
+                                             va_arg(args, struct reiserfs_key *));
+                       break;
+               case 'K':
+                       p += scnprintf_cpu_key(p, end - p,
+                                              va_arg(args, struct cpu_key *));
+                       break;
+               case 'h':
+                       p += scnprintf_item_head(p, end - p,
+                                                va_arg(args, struct item_head *));
+                       break;
+               case 't':
+                       p += scnprintf_direntry(p, end - p,
+                                               va_arg(args, struct reiserfs_dir_entry *));
+                       break;
+               case 'y':
+                       p += scnprintf_disk_child(p, end - p,
+                                                 va_arg(args, struct disk_child *));
+                       break;
+               case 'z':
+                       p += scnprintf_block_head(p, end - p,
+                                                 va_arg(args, struct buffer_head *));
+                       break;
+               case 'b':
+                       p += scnprintf_buffer_head(p, end - p,
+                                                  va_arg(args, struct buffer_head *));
+                       break;
+               case 'a':
+                       p += scnprintf_de_head(p, end - p,
+                                              va_arg(args, struct reiserfs_de_head *));
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               fmt1 = k + 2;
+       }
+       p += vscnprintf(p, end - p, fmt1, args);
+out_unlock:
+       spin_unlock(&error_lock);
+
+}
+
+/*
+ * in addition to usual conversion specifiers this accepts reiserfs
+ * specific conversion specifiers:
+ * %k to print little endian key,
+ * %K to print cpu key,
+ * %h to print item_head,
+ * %t to print directory entry
+ * %z to print block head (arg must be struct buffer_head *
+ * %b to print buffer_head
+ */
+
+#define do_reiserfs_warning(fmt)\
+{\
+    va_list args;\
+    va_start( args, fmt );\
+    prepare_error_buf( fmt, args );\
+    va_end( args );\
+}
+
+void __reiserfs_warning(struct super_block *sb, const char *id,
+                        const char *function, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+       if (sb)
+               printk(KERN_WARNING "REISERFS warning (device %s): %s%s%s: "
+                      "%s\n", sb->s_id, id ? id : "", id ? " " : "",
+                      function, error_buf);
+       else
+               printk(KERN_WARNING "REISERFS warning: %s%s%s: %s\n",
+                      id ? id : "", id ? " " : "", function, error_buf);
+}
+
+/* No newline.. reiserfs_info calls can be followed by printk's */
+void reiserfs_info(struct super_block *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+       if (sb)
+               printk(KERN_NOTICE "REISERFS (device %s): %s",
+                      sb->s_id, error_buf);
+       else
+               printk(KERN_NOTICE "REISERFS %s:", error_buf);
+}
+
+/* No newline.. reiserfs_printk calls can be followed by printk's */
+static void reiserfs_printk(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+       printk(error_buf);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_debug(struct super_block *s, int level, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+       if (s)
+               printk(KERN_DEBUG "REISERFS debug (device %s): %s\n",
+                      s->s_id, error_buf);
+       else
+               printk(KERN_DEBUG "REISERFS debug: %s\n", error_buf);
+#endif
+}
+
+/*
+ * The format:
+ *
+ *          maintainer-errorid: [function-name:] message
+ *
+ *   where errorid is unique to the maintainer and function-name is
+ *   optional, is recommended, so that anyone can easily find the bug
+ *   with a simple grep for the short to type string
+ *   maintainer-errorid.  Don't bother with reusing errorids, there are
+ *   lots of numbers out there.
+ *
+ *   Example:
+ *
+ *   reiserfs_panic(
+ *     p_sb, "reiser-29: reiserfs_new_blocknrs: "
+ *     "one of search_start or rn(%d) is equal to MAX_B_NUM,"
+ *     "which means that we are optimizing location based on the "
+ *     "bogus location of a temp buffer (%p).",
+ *     rn, bh
+ *   );
+ *
+ *   Regular panic()s sometimes clear the screen before the message can
+ *   be read, thus the need for the while loop.
+ *
+ *   Numbering scheme for panic used by Vladimir and Anatoly( Hans completely
+ *   ignores this scheme, and considers it pointless complexity):
+ *
+ *   panics in reiserfs_fs.h have numbers from 1000 to 1999
+ *   super.c                   2000 to 2999
+ *   preserve.c (unused)       3000 to 3999
+ *   bitmap.c                  4000 to 4999
+ *   stree.c                   5000 to 5999
+ *   prints.c                  6000 to 6999
+ *   namei.c                   7000 to 7999
+ *   fix_nodes.c               8000 to 8999
+ *   dir.c                     9000 to 9999
+ *   lbalance.c                        10000 to 10999
+ *   ibalance.c                        11000 to 11999 not ready
+ *   do_balan.c                        12000 to 12999
+ *   inode.c                   13000 to 13999
+ *   file.c                    14000 to 14999
+ *   objectid.c                        15000 - 15999
+ *   buffer.c                  16000 - 16999
+ *   symlink.c                 17000 - 17999
+ *
+ *  .  */
+
+void __reiserfs_panic(struct super_block *sb, const char *id,
+                     const char *function, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       dump_stack();
+#endif
+       if (sb)
+               printk(KERN_WARNING "REISERFS panic (device %s): %s%s%s: %s\n",
+                     sb->s_id, id ? id : "", id ? " " : "",
+                     function, error_buf);
+       else
+               printk(KERN_WARNING "REISERFS panic: %s%s%s: %s\n",
+                     id ? id : "", id ? " " : "", function, error_buf);
+       BUG();
+}
+
+void __reiserfs_error(struct super_block *sb, const char *id,
+                     const char *function, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+
+       BUG_ON(sb == NULL);
+
+       if (reiserfs_error_panic(sb))
+               __reiserfs_panic(sb, id, function, error_buf);
+
+       if (id && id[0])
+               printk(KERN_CRIT "REISERFS error (device %s): %s %s: %s\n",
+                      sb->s_id, id, function, error_buf);
+       else
+               printk(KERN_CRIT "REISERFS error (device %s): %s: %s\n",
+                      sb->s_id, function, error_buf);
+
+       if (sb_rdonly(sb))
+               return;
+
+       reiserfs_info(sb, "Remounting filesystem read-only\n");
+       sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
+       reiserfs_abort_journal(sb, -EIO);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_abort(struct super_block *sb, int errno, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+       do_reiserfs_warning(fmt);
+
+       if (reiserfs_error_panic(sb)) {
+               panic(KERN_CRIT "REISERFS panic (device %s): %s\n", sb->s_id,
+                     error_buf);
+       }
+
+       if (reiserfs_is_journal_aborted(SB_JOURNAL(sb)))
+               return;
+
+       printk(KERN_CRIT "REISERFS abort (device %s): %s\n", sb->s_id,
+              error_buf);
+
+       sb->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
+       reiserfs_abort_journal(sb, errno);
+}
+
+/*
+ * this prints internal nodes (4 keys/items in line) (dc_number,
+ * dc_size)[k_dirid, k_objectid, k_offset, k_uniqueness](dc_number,
+ * dc_size)...
+ */
+static int print_internal(struct buffer_head *bh, int first, int last)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_key *key;
+       struct disk_child *dc;
+       int i;
+       int from, to;
+
+       if (!B_IS_KEYS_LEVEL(bh))
+               return 1;
+
+       check_internal(bh);
+
+       if (first == -1) {
+               from = 0;
+               to = B_NR_ITEMS(bh);
+       } else {
+               from = first;
+               to = min_t(int, last, B_NR_ITEMS(bh));
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_printk("INTERNAL NODE (%ld) contains %z\n", bh->b_blocknr, bh);
+
+       dc = B_N_CHILD(bh, from);
+       reiserfs_printk("PTR %d: %y ", from, dc);
+
+       for (i = from, key = internal_key(bh, from), dc++; i < to;
+            i++, key++, dc++) {
+               reiserfs_printk("KEY %d: %k PTR %d: %y ", i, key, i + 1, dc);
+               if (i && i % 4 == 0)
+                       printk("\n");
+       }
+       printk("\n");
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int print_leaf(struct buffer_head *bh, int print_mode, int first,
+                     int last)
+{
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       int i, nr;
+       int from, to;
+
+       if (!B_IS_ITEMS_LEVEL(bh))
+               return 1;
+
+       check_leaf(bh);
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+       ih = item_head(bh, 0);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+
+       printk
+           ("\n===================================================================\n");
+       reiserfs_printk("LEAF NODE (%ld) contains %z\n", bh->b_blocknr, bh);
+
+       if (!(print_mode & PRINT_LEAF_ITEMS)) {
+               reiserfs_printk("FIRST ITEM_KEY: %k, LAST ITEM KEY: %k\n",
+                               &(ih->ih_key), &((ih + nr - 1)->ih_key));
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       if (first < 0 || first > nr - 1)
+               from = 0;
+       else
+               from = first;
+
+       if (last < 0 || last > nr)
+               to = nr;
+       else
+               to = last;
+
+       ih += from;
+       printk
+           ("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
+       printk
+           ("|##|   type    |           key           | ilen | free_space | version | loc  |\n");
+       for (i = from; i < to; i++, ih++) {
+               printk
+                   ("-------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n");
+               reiserfs_printk("|%2d| %h |\n", i, ih);
+               if (print_mode & PRINT_LEAF_ITEMS)
+                       op_print_item(ih, ih_item_body(bh, ih));
+       }
+
+       printk
+           ("===================================================================\n");
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+char *reiserfs_hashname(int code)
+{
+       if (code == YURA_HASH)
+               return "rupasov";
+       if (code == TEA_HASH)
+               return "tea";
+       if (code == R5_HASH)
+               return "r5";
+
+       return "unknown";
+}
+
+/* return 1 if this is not super block */
+static int print_super_block(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs =
+           (struct reiserfs_super_block *)(bh->b_data);
+       int skipped, data_blocks;
+       char *version;
+
+       if (is_reiserfs_3_5(rs)) {
+               version = "3.5";
+       } else if (is_reiserfs_3_6(rs)) {
+               version = "3.6";
+       } else if (is_reiserfs_jr(rs)) {
+               version = ((sb_version(rs) == REISERFS_VERSION_2) ?
+                          "3.6" : "3.5");
+       } else {
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       printk("%pg\'s super block is in block %llu\n", bh->b_bdev,
+              (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);
+       printk("Reiserfs version %s\n", version);
+       printk("Block count %u\n", sb_block_count(rs));
+       printk("Blocksize %d\n", sb_blocksize(rs));
+       printk("Free blocks %u\n", sb_free_blocks(rs));
+       /*
+        * FIXME: this would be confusing if
+        * someone stores reiserfs super block in some data block ;)
+//    skipped = (bh->b_blocknr * bh->b_size) / sb_blocksize(rs);
+        */
+       skipped = bh->b_blocknr;
+       data_blocks = sb_block_count(rs) - skipped - 1 - sb_bmap_nr(rs) -
+           (!is_reiserfs_jr(rs) ? sb_jp_journal_size(rs) +
+            1 : sb_reserved_for_journal(rs)) - sb_free_blocks(rs);
+       printk
+           ("Busy blocks (skipped %d, bitmaps - %d, journal (or reserved) blocks - %d\n"
+            "1 super block, %d data blocks\n", skipped, sb_bmap_nr(rs),
+            (!is_reiserfs_jr(rs) ? (sb_jp_journal_size(rs) + 1) :
+             sb_reserved_for_journal(rs)), data_blocks);
+       printk("Root block %u\n", sb_root_block(rs));
+       printk("Journal block (first) %d\n", sb_jp_journal_1st_block(rs));
+       printk("Journal dev %d\n", sb_jp_journal_dev(rs));
+       printk("Journal orig size %d\n", sb_jp_journal_size(rs));
+       printk("FS state %d\n", sb_fs_state(rs));
+       printk("Hash function \"%s\"\n",
+              reiserfs_hashname(sb_hash_function_code(rs)));
+
+       printk("Tree height %d\n", sb_tree_height(rs));
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int print_desc_block(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_journal_desc *desc;
+
+       if (memcmp(get_journal_desc_magic(bh), JOURNAL_DESC_MAGIC, 8))
+               return 1;
+
+       desc = (struct reiserfs_journal_desc *)(bh->b_data);
+       printk("Desc block %llu (j_trans_id %d, j_mount_id %d, j_len %d)",
+              (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr, get_desc_trans_id(desc),
+              get_desc_mount_id(desc), get_desc_trans_len(desc));
+
+       return 0;
+}
+/* ..., int print_mode, int first, int last) */
+void print_block(struct buffer_head *bh, ...)
+{
+       va_list args;
+       int mode, first, last;
+
+       if (!bh) {
+               printk("print_block: buffer is NULL\n");
+               return;
+       }
+
+       va_start(args, bh);
+
+       mode = va_arg(args, int);
+       first = va_arg(args, int);
+       last = va_arg(args, int);
+       if (print_leaf(bh, mode, first, last))
+               if (print_internal(bh, first, last))
+                       if (print_super_block(bh))
+                               if (print_desc_block(bh))
+                                       printk
+                                           ("Block %llu contains unformatted data\n",
+                                            (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr);
+
+       va_end(args);
+}
+
+static char print_tb_buf[2048];
+
+/* this stores initial state of tree balance in the print_tb_buf */
+void store_print_tb(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       int h = 0;
+       int i;
+       struct buffer_head *tbSh, *tbFh;
+
+       if (!tb)
+               return;
+
+       sprintf(print_tb_buf, "\n"
+               "BALANCING %d\n"
+               "MODE=%c, ITEM_POS=%d POS_IN_ITEM=%d\n"
+               "=====================================================================\n"
+               "* h *    S    *    L    *    R    *   F   *   FL  *   FR  *  CFL  *  CFR  *\n",
+               REISERFS_SB(tb->tb_sb)->s_do_balance,
+               tb->tb_mode, PATH_LAST_POSITION(tb->tb_path),
+               tb->tb_path->pos_in_item);
+
+       for (h = 0; h < ARRAY_SIZE(tb->insert_size); h++) {
+               if (PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(tb->tb_path, h) <=
+                   tb->tb_path->path_length
+                   && PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(tb->tb_path,
+                                         h) > ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) {
+                       tbSh = PATH_H_PBUFFER(tb->tb_path, h);
+                       tbFh = PATH_H_PPARENT(tb->tb_path, h);
+               } else {
+                       tbSh = NULL;
+                       tbFh = NULL;
+               }
+               sprintf(print_tb_buf + strlen(print_tb_buf),
+                       "* %d * %3lld(%2d) * %3lld(%2d) * %3lld(%2d) * %5lld * %5lld * %5lld * %5lld * %5lld *\n",
+                       h,
+                       (tbSh) ? (long long)(tbSh->b_blocknr) : (-1LL),
+                       (tbSh) ? atomic_read(&tbSh->b_count) : -1,
+                       (tb->L[h]) ? (long long)(tb->L[h]->b_blocknr) : (-1LL),
+                       (tb->L[h]) ? atomic_read(&tb->L[h]->b_count) : -1,
+                       (tb->R[h]) ? (long long)(tb->R[h]->b_blocknr) : (-1LL),
+                       (tb->R[h]) ? atomic_read(&tb->R[h]->b_count) : -1,
+                       (tbFh) ? (long long)(tbFh->b_blocknr) : (-1LL),
+                       (tb->FL[h]) ? (long long)(tb->FL[h]->
+                                                 b_blocknr) : (-1LL),
+                       (tb->FR[h]) ? (long long)(tb->FR[h]->
+                                                 b_blocknr) : (-1LL),
+                       (tb->CFL[h]) ? (long long)(tb->CFL[h]->
+                                                  b_blocknr) : (-1LL),
+                       (tb->CFR[h]) ? (long long)(tb->CFR[h]->
+                                                  b_blocknr) : (-1LL));
+       }
+
+       sprintf(print_tb_buf + strlen(print_tb_buf),
+               "=====================================================================\n"
+               "* h * size * ln * lb * rn * rb * blkn * s0 * s1 * s1b * s2 * s2b * curb * lk * rk *\n"
+               "* 0 * %4d * %2d * %2d * %2d * %2d * %4d * %2d * %2d * %3d * %2d * %3d * %4d * %2d * %2d *\n",
+               tb->insert_size[0], tb->lnum[0], tb->lbytes, tb->rnum[0],
+               tb->rbytes, tb->blknum[0], tb->s0num, tb->snum[0],
+               tb->sbytes[0], tb->snum[1], tb->sbytes[1],
+               tb->cur_blknum, tb->lkey[0], tb->rkey[0]);
+
+       /* this prints balance parameters for non-leaf levels */
+       h = 0;
+       do {
+               h++;
+               sprintf(print_tb_buf + strlen(print_tb_buf),
+                       "* %d * %4d * %2d *    * %2d *    * %2d *\n",
+                       h, tb->insert_size[h], tb->lnum[h], tb->rnum[h],
+                       tb->blknum[h]);
+       } while (tb->insert_size[h]);
+
+       sprintf(print_tb_buf + strlen(print_tb_buf),
+               "=====================================================================\n"
+               "FEB list: ");
+
+       /* print FEB list (list of buffers in form (bh (b_blocknr, b_count), that will be used for new nodes) */
+       h = 0;
+       for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(tb->FEB); i++)
+               sprintf(print_tb_buf + strlen(print_tb_buf),
+                       "%p (%llu %d)%s", tb->FEB[i],
+                       tb->FEB[i] ? (unsigned long long)tb->FEB[i]->
+                       b_blocknr : 0ULL,
+                       tb->FEB[i] ? atomic_read(&tb->FEB[i]->b_count) : 0,
+                       (i == ARRAY_SIZE(tb->FEB) - 1) ? "\n" : ", ");
+
+       sprintf(print_tb_buf + strlen(print_tb_buf),
+               "======================== the end ====================================\n");
+}
+
+void print_cur_tb(char *mes)
+{
+       printk("%s\n%s", mes, print_tb_buf);
+}
+
+static void check_leaf_block_head(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       int nr;
+
+       blkh = B_BLK_HEAD(bh);
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+       if (nr > (bh->b_size - BLKH_SIZE) / IH_SIZE)
+               reiserfs_panic(NULL, "vs-6010", "invalid item number %z",
+                              bh);
+       if (blkh_free_space(blkh) > bh->b_size - BLKH_SIZE - IH_SIZE * nr)
+               reiserfs_panic(NULL, "vs-6020", "invalid free space %z",
+                              bh);
+
+}
+
+static void check_internal_block_head(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       if (!(B_LEVEL(bh) > DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL && B_LEVEL(bh) <= MAX_HEIGHT))
+               reiserfs_panic(NULL, "vs-6025", "invalid level %z", bh);
+
+       if (B_NR_ITEMS(bh) > (bh->b_size - BLKH_SIZE) / IH_SIZE)
+               reiserfs_panic(NULL, "vs-6030", "invalid item number %z", bh);
+
+       if (B_FREE_SPACE(bh) !=
+           bh->b_size - BLKH_SIZE - KEY_SIZE * B_NR_ITEMS(bh) -
+           DC_SIZE * (B_NR_ITEMS(bh) + 1))
+               reiserfs_panic(NULL, "vs-6040", "invalid free space %z", bh);
+
+}
+
+void check_leaf(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+
+       if (!bh)
+               return;
+       check_leaf_block_head(bh);
+       for (i = 0, ih = item_head(bh, 0); i < B_NR_ITEMS(bh); i++, ih++)
+               op_check_item(ih, ih_item_body(bh, ih));
+}
+
+void check_internal(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       if (!bh)
+               return;
+       check_internal_block_head(bh);
+}
+
+void print_statistics(struct super_block *s)
+{
+
+       /*
+          printk ("reiserfs_put_super: session statistics: balances %d, fix_nodes %d, \
+          bmap with search %d, without %d, dir2ind %d, ind2dir %d\n",
+          REISERFS_SB(s)->s_do_balance, REISERFS_SB(s)->s_fix_nodes,
+          REISERFS_SB(s)->s_bmaps, REISERFS_SB(s)->s_bmaps_without_search,
+          REISERFS_SB(s)->s_direct2indirect, REISERFS_SB(s)->s_indirect2direct);
+        */
+
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/procfs.c b/fs/reiserfs/procfs.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5c68a4a52d78
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/procfs.c
@@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
+/* -*- linux-c -*- */
+
+/* fs/reiserfs/procfs.c */
+
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+/* proc info support a la one created by Sizif@Botik.RU for PGC */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+
+/*
+ * LOCKING:
+ *
+ * These guys are evicted from procfs as the very first step in ->kill_sb().
+ *
+ */
+
+static int show_version(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = m->private;
+       char *format;
+
+       if (REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_properties & (1 << REISERFS_3_6)) {
+               format = "3.6";
+       } else if (REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_properties & (1 << REISERFS_3_5)) {
+               format = "3.5";
+       } else {
+               format = "unknown";
+       }
+
+       seq_printf(m, "%s format\twith checks %s\n", format,
+#if defined( CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK )
+                  "on"
+#else
+                  "off"
+#endif
+           );
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#define SF( x ) ( r -> x )
+#define SFP( x ) SF( s_proc_info_data.x )
+#define SFPL( x ) SFP( x[ level ] )
+#define SFPF( x ) SFP( scan_bitmap.x )
+#define SFPJ( x ) SFP( journal.x )
+
+#define D2C( x ) le16_to_cpu( x )
+#define D4C( x ) le32_to_cpu( x )
+#define DF( x ) D2C( rs -> s_v1.x )
+#define DFL( x ) D4C( rs -> s_v1.x )
+
+#define objectid_map( s, rs ) (old_format_only (s) ?                           \
+                         (__le32 *)((struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 *)rs + 1) :        \
+                        (__le32 *)(rs + 1))
+#define MAP( i ) D4C( objectid_map( sb, rs )[ i ] )
+
+#define DJF( x ) le32_to_cpu( rs -> x )
+#define DJP( x ) le32_to_cpu( jp -> x )
+#define JF( x ) ( r -> s_journal -> x )
+
+static int show_super(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = m->private;
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *r = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+
+       seq_printf(m, "state: \t%s\n"
+                  "mount options: \t%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s%s\n"
+                  "gen. counter: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_disk_reads: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_disk_writes: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_fix_nodes: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_do_balance: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_unneeded_left_neighbor: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_good_search_by_key_reada: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_bmaps: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_bmaps_without_search: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_direct2indirect: \t%i\n"
+                  "s_indirect2direct: \t%i\n"
+                  "\n"
+                  "max_hash_collisions: \t%i\n"
+                  "breads: \t%lu\n"
+                  "bread_misses: \t%lu\n"
+                  "search_by_key: \t%lu\n"
+                  "search_by_key_fs_changed: \t%lu\n"
+                  "search_by_key_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                  "insert_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                  "paste_into_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                  "cut_from_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                  "delete_solid_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                  "delete_item_restarted: \t%lu\n"
+                  "leaked_oid: \t%lu\n"
+                  "leaves_removable: \t%lu\n",
+                  SF(s_mount_state) == REISERFS_VALID_FS ?
+                  "REISERFS_VALID_FS" : "REISERFS_ERROR_FS",
+                  reiserfs_r5_hash(sb) ? "FORCE_R5 " : "",
+                  reiserfs_rupasov_hash(sb) ? "FORCE_RUPASOV " : "",
+                  reiserfs_tea_hash(sb) ? "FORCE_TEA " : "",
+                  reiserfs_hash_detect(sb) ? "DETECT_HASH " : "",
+                  reiserfs_no_border(sb) ? "NO_BORDER " : "BORDER ",
+                  reiserfs_no_unhashed_relocation(sb) ?
+                  "NO_UNHASHED_RELOCATION " : "",
+                  reiserfs_hashed_relocation(sb) ? "UNHASHED_RELOCATION " : "",
+                  reiserfs_test4(sb) ? "TEST4 " : "",
+                  have_large_tails(sb) ? "TAILS " : have_small_tails(sb) ?
+                  "SMALL_TAILS " : "NO_TAILS ",
+                  replay_only(sb) ? "REPLAY_ONLY " : "",
+                  convert_reiserfs(sb) ? "CONV " : "",
+                  atomic_read(&r->s_generation_counter),
+                  SF(s_disk_reads), SF(s_disk_writes), SF(s_fix_nodes),
+                  SF(s_do_balance), SF(s_unneeded_left_neighbor),
+                  SF(s_good_search_by_key_reada), SF(s_bmaps),
+                  SF(s_bmaps_without_search), SF(s_direct2indirect),
+                  SF(s_indirect2direct), SFP(max_hash_collisions), SFP(breads),
+                  SFP(bread_miss), SFP(search_by_key),
+                  SFP(search_by_key_fs_changed), SFP(search_by_key_restarted),
+                  SFP(insert_item_restarted), SFP(paste_into_item_restarted),
+                  SFP(cut_from_item_restarted),
+                  SFP(delete_solid_item_restarted), SFP(delete_item_restarted),
+                  SFP(leaked_oid), SFP(leaves_removable));
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_per_level(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = m->private;
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *r = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+       int level;
+
+       seq_printf(m, "level\t"
+                  "     balances"
+                  " [sbk:  reads"
+                  "   fs_changed"
+                  "   restarted]"
+                  "   free space"
+                  "        items"
+                  "   can_remove"
+                  "         lnum"
+                  "         rnum"
+                  "       lbytes"
+                  "       rbytes"
+                  "     get_neig"
+                  " get_neig_res" "  need_l_neig" "  need_r_neig" "\n");
+
+       for (level = 0; level < MAX_HEIGHT; ++level) {
+               seq_printf(m, "%i\t"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12li"
+                          " %12li"
+                          " %12li"
+                          " %12li"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          " %12lu"
+                          "\n",
+                          level,
+                          SFPL(balance_at),
+                          SFPL(sbk_read_at),
+                          SFPL(sbk_fs_changed),
+                          SFPL(sbk_restarted),
+                          SFPL(free_at),
+                          SFPL(items_at),
+                          SFPL(can_node_be_removed),
+                          SFPL(lnum),
+                          SFPL(rnum),
+                          SFPL(lbytes),
+                          SFPL(rbytes),
+                          SFPL(get_neighbors),
+                          SFPL(get_neighbors_restart),
+                          SFPL(need_l_neighbor), SFPL(need_r_neighbor)
+                   );
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_bitmap(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = m->private;
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *r = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+
+       seq_printf(m, "free_block: %lu\n"
+                  "  scan_bitmap:"
+                  "          wait"
+                  "          bmap"
+                  "         retry"
+                  "        stolen"
+                  "  journal_hint"
+                  "journal_nohint"
+                  "\n"
+                  " %14lu"
+                  " %14lu"
+                  " %14lu"
+                  " %14lu"
+                  " %14lu"
+                  " %14lu"
+                  " %14lu"
+                  "\n",
+                  SFP(free_block),
+                  SFPF(call),
+                  SFPF(wait),
+                  SFPF(bmap),
+                  SFPF(retry),
+                  SFPF(stolen),
+                  SFPF(in_journal_hint), SFPF(in_journal_nohint));
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_on_disk_super(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = m->private;
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_info = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = sb_info->s_rs;
+       int hash_code = DFL(s_hash_function_code);
+       __u32 flags = DJF(s_flags);
+
+       seq_printf(m, "block_count: \t%i\n"
+                  "free_blocks: \t%i\n"
+                  "root_block: \t%i\n"
+                  "blocksize: \t%i\n"
+                  "oid_maxsize: \t%i\n"
+                  "oid_cursize: \t%i\n"
+                  "umount_state: \t%i\n"
+                  "magic: \t%10.10s\n"
+                  "fs_state: \t%i\n"
+                  "hash: \t%s\n"
+                  "tree_height: \t%i\n"
+                  "bmap_nr: \t%i\n"
+                  "version: \t%i\n"
+                  "flags: \t%x[%s]\n"
+                  "reserved_for_journal: \t%i\n",
+                  DFL(s_block_count),
+                  DFL(s_free_blocks),
+                  DFL(s_root_block),
+                  DF(s_blocksize),
+                  DF(s_oid_maxsize),
+                  DF(s_oid_cursize),
+                  DF(s_umount_state),
+                  rs->s_v1.s_magic,
+                  DF(s_fs_state),
+                  hash_code == TEA_HASH ? "tea" :
+                  (hash_code == YURA_HASH) ? "rupasov" :
+                  (hash_code == R5_HASH) ? "r5" :
+                  (hash_code == UNSET_HASH) ? "unset" : "unknown",
+                  DF(s_tree_height),
+                  DF(s_bmap_nr),
+                  DF(s_version), flags, (flags & reiserfs_attrs_cleared)
+                  ? "attrs_cleared" : "", DF(s_reserved_for_journal));
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int show_oidmap(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = m->private;
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sb_info = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = sb_info->s_rs;
+       unsigned int mapsize = le16_to_cpu(rs->s_v1.s_oid_cursize);
+       unsigned long total_used = 0;
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < mapsize; ++i) {
+               __u32 right;
+
+               right = (i == mapsize - 1) ? MAX_KEY_OBJECTID : MAP(i + 1);
+               seq_printf(m, "%s: [ %x .. %x )\n",
+                          (i & 1) ? "free" : "used", MAP(i), right);
+               if (!(i & 1)) {
+                       total_used += right - MAP(i);
+               }
+       }
+#if defined( REISERFS_USE_OIDMAPF )
+       if (sb_info->oidmap.use_file && (sb_info->oidmap.mapf != NULL)) {
+               loff_t size = file_inode(sb_info->oidmap.mapf)->i_size;
+               total_used += size / sizeof(reiserfs_oidinterval_d_t);
+       }
+#endif
+       seq_printf(m, "total: \t%i [%i/%i] used: %lu [exact]\n",
+                  mapsize,
+                  mapsize, le16_to_cpu(rs->s_v1.s_oid_maxsize), total_used);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static time64_t ktime_mono_to_real_seconds(time64_t mono)
+{
+       ktime_t kt = ktime_set(mono, NSEC_PER_SEC/2);
+
+       return ktime_divns(ktime_mono_to_real(kt), NSEC_PER_SEC);
+}
+
+static int show_journal(struct seq_file *m, void *unused)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = m->private;
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *r = REISERFS_SB(sb);
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = r->s_rs;
+       struct journal_params *jp = &rs->s_v1.s_journal;
+
+       seq_printf(m,           /* on-disk fields */
+                  "jp_journal_1st_block: \t%i\n"
+                  "jp_journal_dev: \t%pg[%x]\n"
+                  "jp_journal_size: \t%i\n"
+                  "jp_journal_trans_max: \t%i\n"
+                  "jp_journal_magic: \t%i\n"
+                  "jp_journal_max_batch: \t%i\n"
+                  "jp_journal_max_commit_age: \t%i\n"
+                  "jp_journal_max_trans_age: \t%i\n"
+                  /* incore fields */
+                  "j_1st_reserved_block: \t%i\n"
+                  "j_state: \t%li\n"
+                  "j_trans_id: \t%u\n"
+                  "j_mount_id: \t%lu\n"
+                  "j_start: \t%lu\n"
+                  "j_len: \t%lu\n"
+                  "j_len_alloc: \t%lu\n"
+                  "j_wcount: \t%i\n"
+                  "j_bcount: \t%lu\n"
+                  "j_first_unflushed_offset: \t%lu\n"
+                  "j_last_flush_trans_id: \t%u\n"
+                  "j_trans_start_time: \t%lli\n"
+                  "j_list_bitmap_index: \t%i\n"
+                  "j_must_wait: \t%i\n"
+                  "j_next_full_flush: \t%i\n"
+                  "j_next_async_flush: \t%i\n"
+                  "j_cnode_used: \t%i\n" "j_cnode_free: \t%i\n" "\n"
+                  /* reiserfs_proc_info_data_t.journal fields */
+                  "in_journal: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "in_journal_bitmap: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "in_journal_reusable: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "lock_journal: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "lock_journal_wait: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "journal_begin: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "journal_relock_writers: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "journal_relock_wcount: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "mark_dirty: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "mark_dirty_already: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "mark_dirty_notjournal: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "restore_prepared: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "prepare: \t%12lu\n"
+                  "prepare_retry: \t%12lu\n",
+                  DJP(jp_journal_1st_block),
+                  file_bdev(SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_bdev_file),
+                  DJP(jp_journal_dev),
+                  DJP(jp_journal_size),
+                  DJP(jp_journal_trans_max),
+                  DJP(jp_journal_magic),
+                  DJP(jp_journal_max_batch),
+                  SB_JOURNAL(sb)->j_max_commit_age,
+                  DJP(jp_journal_max_trans_age),
+                  JF(j_1st_reserved_block),
+                  JF(j_state),
+                  JF(j_trans_id),
+                  JF(j_mount_id),
+                  JF(j_start),
+                  JF(j_len),
+                  JF(j_len_alloc),
+                  atomic_read(&r->s_journal->j_wcount),
+                  JF(j_bcount),
+                  JF(j_first_unflushed_offset),
+                  JF(j_last_flush_trans_id),
+                  ktime_mono_to_real_seconds(JF(j_trans_start_time)),
+                  JF(j_list_bitmap_index),
+                  JF(j_must_wait),
+                  JF(j_next_full_flush),
+                  JF(j_next_async_flush),
+                  JF(j_cnode_used),
+                  JF(j_cnode_free),
+                  SFPJ(in_journal),
+                  SFPJ(in_journal_bitmap),
+                  SFPJ(in_journal_reusable),
+                  SFPJ(lock_journal),
+                  SFPJ(lock_journal_wait),
+                  SFPJ(journal_being),
+                  SFPJ(journal_relock_writers),
+                  SFPJ(journal_relock_wcount),
+                  SFPJ(mark_dirty),
+                  SFPJ(mark_dirty_already),
+                  SFPJ(mark_dirty_notjournal),
+                  SFPJ(restore_prepared), SFPJ(prepare), SFPJ(prepare_retry)
+           );
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static struct proc_dir_entry *proc_info_root = NULL;
+static const char proc_info_root_name[] = "fs/reiserfs";
+
+static void add_file(struct super_block *sb, char *name,
+                    int (*func) (struct seq_file *, void *))
+{
+       proc_create_single_data(name, 0, REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir, func, sb);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_init(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+       char *s;
+
+       /* Some block devices use /'s */
+       strscpy(b, sb->s_id, BDEVNAME_SIZE);
+       s = strchr(b, '/');
+       if (s)
+               *s = '!';
+
+       spin_lock_init(&__PINFO(sb).lock);
+       REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir = proc_mkdir_data(b, 0, proc_info_root, sb);
+       if (REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir) {
+               add_file(sb, "version", show_version);
+               add_file(sb, "super", show_super);
+               add_file(sb, "per-level", show_per_level);
+               add_file(sb, "bitmap", show_bitmap);
+               add_file(sb, "on-disk-super", show_on_disk_super);
+               add_file(sb, "oidmap", show_oidmap);
+               add_file(sb, "journal", show_journal);
+               return 0;
+       }
+       reiserfs_warning(sb, "cannot create /proc/%s/%s",
+                        proc_info_root_name, b);
+       return 1;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_done(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct proc_dir_entry *de = REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir;
+       if (de) {
+               char b[BDEVNAME_SIZE];
+               char *s;
+
+               /* Some block devices use /'s */
+               strscpy(b, sb->s_id, BDEVNAME_SIZE);
+               s = strchr(b, '/');
+               if (s)
+                       *s = '!';
+
+               remove_proc_subtree(b, proc_info_root);
+               REISERFS_SB(sb)->procdir = NULL;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_global_init(void)
+{
+       if (proc_info_root == NULL) {
+               proc_info_root = proc_mkdir(proc_info_root_name, NULL);
+               if (!proc_info_root) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "cannot create /proc/%s",
+                                        proc_info_root_name);
+                       return 1;
+               }
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_proc_info_global_done(void)
+{
+       if (proc_info_root != NULL) {
+               proc_info_root = NULL;
+               remove_proc_entry(proc_info_root_name, NULL);
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+/*
+ * Revision 1.1.8.2  2001/07/15 17:08:42  god
+ *  . use get_super() in procfs.c
+ *  . remove remove_save_link() from reiserfs_do_truncate()
+ *
+ * I accept terms and conditions stated in the Legal Agreement
+ * (available at http://www.namesys.com/legalese.html)
+ *
+ * Revision 1.1.8.1  2001/07/11 16:48:50  god
+ * proc info support
+ *
+ * I accept terms and conditions stated in the Legal Agreement
+ * (available at http://www.namesys.com/legalese.html)
+ *
+ */
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/reiserfs.h b/fs/reiserfs/reiserfs.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..12fc20af8e17
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/reiserfs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,3419 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+/*
+ * Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998 Hans Reiser, see reiserfs/README for
+ * licensing and copyright details
+ */
+
+#include <linux/reiserfs_fs.h>
+
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/interrupt.h>
+#include <linux/sched.h>
+#include <linux/bug.h>
+#include <linux/workqueue.h>
+#include <linux/unaligned.h>
+#include <linux/bitops.h>
+#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+/* the 32 bit compat definitions with int argument */
+#define REISERFS_IOC32_UNPACK          _IOW(0xCD, 1, int)
+#define REISERFS_IOC32_GETVERSION      FS_IOC32_GETVERSION
+#define REISERFS_IOC32_SETVERSION      FS_IOC32_SETVERSION
+
+struct reiserfs_journal_list;
+
+/* bitmasks for i_flags field in reiserfs-specific part of inode */
+typedef enum {
+       /*
+        * this says what format of key do all items (but stat data) of
+        * an object have.  If this is set, that format is 3.6 otherwise - 3.5
+        */
+       i_item_key_version_mask = 0x0001,
+
+       /*
+        * If this is unset, object has 3.5 stat data, otherwise,
+        * it has 3.6 stat data with 64bit size, 32bit nlink etc.
+        */
+       i_stat_data_version_mask = 0x0002,
+
+       /* file might need tail packing on close */
+       i_pack_on_close_mask = 0x0004,
+
+       /* don't pack tail of file */
+       i_nopack_mask = 0x0008,
+
+       /*
+        * If either of these are set, "safe link" was created for this
+        * file during truncate or unlink. Safe link is used to avoid
+        * leakage of disk space on crash with some files open, but unlinked.
+        */
+       i_link_saved_unlink_mask = 0x0010,
+       i_link_saved_truncate_mask = 0x0020,
+
+       i_has_xattr_dir = 0x0040,
+       i_data_log = 0x0080,
+} reiserfs_inode_flags;
+
+struct reiserfs_inode_info {
+       __u32 i_key[4];         /* key is still 4 32 bit integers */
+
+       /*
+        * transient inode flags that are never stored on disk. Bitmasks
+        * for this field are defined above.
+        */
+       __u32 i_flags;
+
+       /* offset of first byte stored in direct item. */
+       __u32 i_first_direct_byte;
+
+       /* copy of persistent inode flags read from sd_attrs. */
+       __u32 i_attrs;
+
+       /* first unused block of a sequence of unused blocks */
+       int i_prealloc_block;
+       int i_prealloc_count;   /* length of that sequence */
+
+       /* per-transaction list of inodes which  have preallocated blocks */
+       struct list_head i_prealloc_list;
+
+       /*
+        * new_packing_locality is created; new blocks for the contents
+        * of this directory should be displaced
+        */
+       unsigned new_packing_locality:1;
+
+       /*
+        * we use these for fsync or O_SYNC to decide which transaction
+        * needs to be committed in order for this inode to be properly
+        * flushed
+        */
+       unsigned int i_trans_id;
+
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *i_jl;
+       atomic_t openers;
+       struct mutex tailpack;
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+       struct rw_semaphore i_xattr_sem;
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       struct dquot __rcu *i_dquot[MAXQUOTAS];
+#endif
+
+       struct inode vfs_inode;
+};
+
+typedef enum {
+       reiserfs_attrs_cleared = 0x00000001,
+} reiserfs_super_block_flags;
+
+/*
+ * struct reiserfs_super_block accessors/mutators since this is a disk
+ * structure, it will always be in little endian format.
+ */
+#define sb_block_count(sbp)         (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_block_count))
+#define set_sb_block_count(sbp,v)   ((sbp)->s_v1.s_block_count = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sb_free_blocks(sbp)         (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_free_blocks))
+#define set_sb_free_blocks(sbp,v)   ((sbp)->s_v1.s_free_blocks = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sb_root_block(sbp)          (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_root_block))
+#define set_sb_root_block(sbp,v)    ((sbp)->s_v1.s_root_block = cpu_to_le32(v))
+
+#define sb_jp_journal_1st_block(sbp)  \
+              (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_1st_block))
+#define set_sb_jp_journal_1st_block(sbp,v) \
+              ((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_1st_block = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sb_jp_journal_dev(sbp) \
+              (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_dev))
+#define set_sb_jp_journal_dev(sbp,v) \
+              ((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_dev = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sb_jp_journal_size(sbp) \
+              (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_size))
+#define set_sb_jp_journal_size(sbp,v) \
+              ((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_size = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sb_jp_journal_trans_max(sbp) \
+              (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_trans_max))
+#define set_sb_jp_journal_trans_max(sbp,v) \
+              ((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_trans_max = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sb_jp_journal_magic(sbp) \
+              (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_magic))
+#define set_sb_jp_journal_magic(sbp,v) \
+              ((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_magic = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sb_jp_journal_max_batch(sbp) \
+              (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_max_batch))
+#define set_sb_jp_journal_max_batch(sbp,v) \
+              ((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_max_batch = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sb_jp_jourmal_max_commit_age(sbp) \
+              (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_max_commit_age))
+#define set_sb_jp_journal_max_commit_age(sbp,v) \
+              ((sbp)->s_v1.s_journal.jp_journal_max_commit_age = cpu_to_le32(v))
+
+#define sb_blocksize(sbp)          (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_blocksize))
+#define set_sb_blocksize(sbp,v)    ((sbp)->s_v1.s_blocksize = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sb_oid_maxsize(sbp)        (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_oid_maxsize))
+#define set_sb_oid_maxsize(sbp,v)  ((sbp)->s_v1.s_oid_maxsize = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sb_oid_cursize(sbp)        (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_oid_cursize))
+#define set_sb_oid_cursize(sbp,v)  ((sbp)->s_v1.s_oid_cursize = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sb_umount_state(sbp)       (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_umount_state))
+#define set_sb_umount_state(sbp,v) ((sbp)->s_v1.s_umount_state = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sb_fs_state(sbp)           (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_fs_state))
+#define set_sb_fs_state(sbp,v)     ((sbp)->s_v1.s_fs_state = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sb_hash_function_code(sbp) \
+              (le32_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_hash_function_code))
+#define set_sb_hash_function_code(sbp,v) \
+              ((sbp)->s_v1.s_hash_function_code = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sb_tree_height(sbp)        (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_tree_height))
+#define set_sb_tree_height(sbp,v)  ((sbp)->s_v1.s_tree_height = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sb_bmap_nr(sbp)            (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_bmap_nr))
+#define set_sb_bmap_nr(sbp,v)      ((sbp)->s_v1.s_bmap_nr = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sb_version(sbp)            (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_version))
+#define set_sb_version(sbp,v)      ((sbp)->s_v1.s_version = cpu_to_le16(v))
+
+#define sb_mnt_count(sbp)         (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_mnt_count))
+#define set_sb_mnt_count(sbp, v)   ((sbp)->s_mnt_count = cpu_to_le16(v))
+
+#define sb_reserved_for_journal(sbp) \
+              (le16_to_cpu((sbp)->s_v1.s_reserved_for_journal))
+#define set_sb_reserved_for_journal(sbp,v) \
+              ((sbp)->s_v1.s_reserved_for_journal = cpu_to_le16(v))
+
+/* LOGGING -- */
+
+/*
+ * These all interelate for performance.
+ *
+ * If the journal block count is smaller than n transactions, you lose speed.
+ * I don't know what n is yet, I'm guessing 8-16.
+ *
+ * typical transaction size depends on the application, how often fsync is
+ * called, and how many metadata blocks you dirty in a 30 second period.
+ * The more small files (<16k) you use, the larger your transactions will
+ * be.
+ *
+ * If your journal fills faster than dirty buffers get flushed to disk, it
+ * must flush them before allowing the journal to wrap, which slows things
+ * down.  If you need high speed meta data updates, the journal should be
+ * big enough to prevent wrapping before dirty meta blocks get to disk.
+ *
+ * If the batch max is smaller than the transaction max, you'll waste space
+ * at the end of the journal because journal_end sets the next transaction
+ * to start at 0 if the next transaction has any chance of wrapping.
+ *
+ * The large the batch max age, the better the speed, and the more meta
+ * data changes you'll lose after a crash.
+ */
+
+/* don't mess with these for a while */
+/* we have a node size define somewhere in reiserfs_fs.h. -Hans */
+#define JOURNAL_BLOCK_SIZE  4096       /* BUG gotta get rid of this */
+#define JOURNAL_MAX_CNODE   1500       /* max cnodes to allocate. */
+#define JOURNAL_HASH_SIZE 8192
+
+/* number of copies of the bitmaps to have floating.  Must be >= 2 */
+#define JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS 5
+
+/*
+ * One of these for every block in every transaction
+ * Each one is in two hash tables.  First, a hash of the current transaction,
+ * and after journal_end, a hash of all the in memory transactions.
+ * next and prev are used by the current transaction (journal_hash).
+ * hnext and hprev are used by journal_list_hash.  If a block is in more
+ * than one transaction, the journal_list_hash links it in multiple times.
+ * This allows flush_journal_list to remove just the cnode belonging to a
+ * given transaction.
+ */
+struct reiserfs_journal_cnode {
+       struct buffer_head *bh; /* real buffer head */
+       struct super_block *sb; /* dev of real buffer head */
+
+       /* block number of real buffer head, == 0 when buffer on disk */
+       __u32 blocknr;
+
+       unsigned long state;
+
+       /* journal list this cnode lives in */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *jlist;
+
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *next;    /* next in transaction list */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *prev;    /* prev in transaction list */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *hprev;   /* prev in hash list */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *hnext;   /* next in hash list */
+};
+
+struct reiserfs_bitmap_node {
+       int id;
+       char *data;
+       struct list_head list;
+};
+
+struct reiserfs_list_bitmap {
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *journal_list;
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_node **bitmaps;
+};
+
+/*
+ * one of these for each transaction.  The most important part here is the
+ * j_realblock.  this list of cnodes is used to hash all the blocks in all
+ * the commits, to mark all the real buffer heads dirty once all the commits
+ * hit the disk, and to make sure every real block in a transaction is on
+ * disk before allowing the log area to be overwritten
+ */
+struct reiserfs_journal_list {
+       unsigned long j_start;
+       unsigned long j_state;
+       unsigned long j_len;
+       atomic_t j_nonzerolen;
+       atomic_t j_commit_left;
+
+       /* all commits older than this on disk */
+       atomic_t j_older_commits_done;
+
+       struct mutex j_commit_mutex;
+       unsigned int j_trans_id;
+       time64_t j_timestamp; /* write-only but useful for crash dump analysis */
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *j_list_bitmap;
+       struct buffer_head *j_commit_bh;        /* commit buffer head */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *j_realblock;
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *j_freedlist;     /* list of buffers that were freed during this trans.  free each of these on flush */
+       /* time ordered list of all active transactions */
+       struct list_head j_list;
+
+       /*
+        * time ordered list of all transactions we haven't tried
+        * to flush yet
+        */
+       struct list_head j_working_list;
+
+       /* list of tail conversion targets in need of flush before commit */
+       struct list_head j_tail_bh_list;
+
+       /* list of data=ordered buffers in need of flush before commit */
+       struct list_head j_bh_list;
+       int j_refcount;
+};
+
+struct reiserfs_journal {
+       struct buffer_head **j_ap_blocks;       /* journal blocks on disk */
+       /* newest journal block */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *j_last;
+
+       /* oldest journal block.  start here for traverse */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *j_first;
+
+       struct file *j_bdev_file;
+
+       /* first block on s_dev of reserved area journal */
+       int j_1st_reserved_block;
+
+       unsigned long j_state;
+       unsigned int j_trans_id;
+       unsigned long j_mount_id;
+
+       /* start of current waiting commit (index into j_ap_blocks) */
+       unsigned long j_start;
+       unsigned long j_len;    /* length of current waiting commit */
+
+       /* number of buffers requested by journal_begin() */
+       unsigned long j_len_alloc;
+
+       atomic_t j_wcount;      /* count of writers for current commit */
+
+       /* batch count. allows turning X transactions into 1 */
+       unsigned long j_bcount;
+
+       /* first unflushed transactions offset */
+       unsigned long j_first_unflushed_offset;
+
+       /* last fully flushed journal timestamp */
+       unsigned j_last_flush_trans_id;
+
+       struct buffer_head *j_header_bh;
+
+       time64_t j_trans_start_time;    /* time this transaction started */
+       struct mutex j_mutex;
+       struct mutex j_flush_mutex;
+
+       /* wait for current transaction to finish before starting new one */
+       wait_queue_head_t j_join_wait;
+
+       atomic_t j_jlock;               /* lock for j_join_wait */
+       int j_list_bitmap_index;        /* number of next list bitmap to use */
+
+       /* no more journal begins allowed. MUST sleep on j_join_wait */
+       int j_must_wait;
+
+       /* next journal_end will flush all journal list */
+       int j_next_full_flush;
+
+       /* next journal_end will flush all async commits */
+       int j_next_async_flush;
+
+       int j_cnode_used;       /* number of cnodes on the used list */
+       int j_cnode_free;       /* number of cnodes on the free list */
+
+       /* max number of blocks in a transaction.  */
+       unsigned int j_trans_max;
+
+       /* max number of blocks to batch into a trans */
+       unsigned int j_max_batch;
+
+       /* in seconds, how old can an async commit be */
+       unsigned int j_max_commit_age;
+
+       /* in seconds, how old can a transaction be */
+       unsigned int j_max_trans_age;
+
+       /* the default for the max commit age */
+       unsigned int j_default_max_commit_age;
+
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *j_cnode_free_list;
+
+       /* orig pointer returned from vmalloc */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *j_cnode_free_orig;
+
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *j_current_jl;
+       int j_free_bitmap_nodes;
+       int j_used_bitmap_nodes;
+
+       int j_num_lists;        /* total number of active transactions */
+       int j_num_work_lists;   /* number that need attention from kreiserfsd */
+
+       /* debugging to make sure things are flushed in order */
+       unsigned int j_last_flush_id;
+
+       /* debugging to make sure things are committed in order */
+       unsigned int j_last_commit_id;
+
+       struct list_head j_bitmap_nodes;
+       struct list_head j_dirty_buffers;
+       spinlock_t j_dirty_buffers_lock;        /* protects j_dirty_buffers */
+
+       /* list of all active transactions */
+       struct list_head j_journal_list;
+
+       /* lists that haven't been touched by writeback attempts */
+       struct list_head j_working_list;
+
+       /* hash table for real buffer heads in current trans */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *j_hash_table[JOURNAL_HASH_SIZE];
+
+       /* hash table for all the real buffer heads in all the transactions */
+       struct reiserfs_journal_cnode *j_list_hash_table[JOURNAL_HASH_SIZE];
+
+       /* array of bitmaps to record the deleted blocks */
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap j_list_bitmap[JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS];
+
+       /* list of inodes which have preallocated blocks */
+       struct list_head j_prealloc_list;
+       int j_persistent_trans;
+       unsigned long j_max_trans_size;
+       unsigned long j_max_batch_size;
+
+       int j_errno;
+
+       /* when flushing ordered buffers, throttle new ordered writers */
+       struct delayed_work j_work;
+       struct super_block *j_work_sb;
+       atomic_t j_async_throttle;
+};
+
+enum journal_state_bits {
+       J_WRITERS_BLOCKED = 1,  /* set when new writers not allowed */
+       J_WRITERS_QUEUED,    /* set when log is full due to too many writers */
+       J_ABORTED,           /* set when log is aborted */
+};
+
+/* ick.  magic string to find desc blocks in the journal */
+#define JOURNAL_DESC_MAGIC "ReIsErLB"
+
+typedef __u32(*hashf_t) (const signed char *, int);
+
+struct reiserfs_bitmap_info {
+       __u32 free_count;
+};
+
+struct proc_dir_entry;
+
+#if defined( CONFIG_PROC_FS ) && defined( CONFIG_REISERFS_PROC_INFO )
+typedef unsigned long int stat_cnt_t;
+typedef struct reiserfs_proc_info_data {
+       spinlock_t lock;
+       int exiting;
+       int max_hash_collisions;
+
+       stat_cnt_t breads;
+       stat_cnt_t bread_miss;
+       stat_cnt_t search_by_key;
+       stat_cnt_t search_by_key_fs_changed;
+       stat_cnt_t search_by_key_restarted;
+
+       stat_cnt_t insert_item_restarted;
+       stat_cnt_t paste_into_item_restarted;
+       stat_cnt_t cut_from_item_restarted;
+       stat_cnt_t delete_solid_item_restarted;
+       stat_cnt_t delete_item_restarted;
+
+       stat_cnt_t leaked_oid;
+       stat_cnt_t leaves_removable;
+
+       /*
+        * balances per level.
+        * Use explicit 5 as MAX_HEIGHT is not visible yet.
+        */
+       stat_cnt_t balance_at[5];       /* XXX */
+       /* sbk == search_by_key */
+       stat_cnt_t sbk_read_at[5];      /* XXX */
+       stat_cnt_t sbk_fs_changed[5];
+       stat_cnt_t sbk_restarted[5];
+       stat_cnt_t items_at[5]; /* XXX */
+       stat_cnt_t free_at[5];  /* XXX */
+       stat_cnt_t can_node_be_removed[5];      /* XXX */
+       long int lnum[5];       /* XXX */
+       long int rnum[5];       /* XXX */
+       long int lbytes[5];     /* XXX */
+       long int rbytes[5];     /* XXX */
+       stat_cnt_t get_neighbors[5];
+       stat_cnt_t get_neighbors_restart[5];
+       stat_cnt_t need_l_neighbor[5];
+       stat_cnt_t need_r_neighbor[5];
+
+       stat_cnt_t free_block;
+       struct __scan_bitmap_stats {
+               stat_cnt_t call;
+               stat_cnt_t wait;
+               stat_cnt_t bmap;
+               stat_cnt_t retry;
+               stat_cnt_t in_journal_hint;
+               stat_cnt_t in_journal_nohint;
+               stat_cnt_t stolen;
+       } scan_bitmap;
+       struct __journal_stats {
+               stat_cnt_t in_journal;
+               stat_cnt_t in_journal_bitmap;
+               stat_cnt_t in_journal_reusable;
+               stat_cnt_t lock_journal;
+               stat_cnt_t lock_journal_wait;
+               stat_cnt_t journal_being;
+               stat_cnt_t journal_relock_writers;
+               stat_cnt_t journal_relock_wcount;
+               stat_cnt_t mark_dirty;
+               stat_cnt_t mark_dirty_already;
+               stat_cnt_t mark_dirty_notjournal;
+               stat_cnt_t restore_prepared;
+               stat_cnt_t prepare;
+               stat_cnt_t prepare_retry;
+       } journal;
+} reiserfs_proc_info_data_t;
+#else
+typedef struct reiserfs_proc_info_data {
+} reiserfs_proc_info_data_t;
+#endif
+
+/* Number of quota types we support */
+#define REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS 2
+
+/* reiserfs union of in-core super block data */
+struct reiserfs_sb_info {
+       /* Buffer containing the super block */
+       struct buffer_head *s_sbh;
+
+       /* Pointer to the on-disk super block in the buffer */
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *s_rs;
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *s_ap_bitmap;
+
+       /* pointer to journal information */
+       struct reiserfs_journal *s_journal;
+
+       unsigned short s_mount_state;   /* reiserfs state (valid, invalid) */
+
+       /* Serialize writers access, replace the old bkl */
+       struct mutex lock;
+
+       /* Owner of the lock (can be recursive) */
+       struct task_struct *lock_owner;
+
+       /* Depth of the lock, start from -1 like the bkl */
+       int lock_depth;
+
+       struct workqueue_struct *commit_wq;
+
+       /* Comment? -Hans */
+       void (*end_io_handler) (struct buffer_head *, int);
+
+       /*
+        * pointer to function which is used to sort names in directory.
+        * Set on mount
+        */
+       hashf_t s_hash_function;
+
+       /* reiserfs's mount options are set here */
+       unsigned long s_mount_opt;
+
+       /* This is a structure that describes block allocator options */
+       struct {
+               /* Bitfield for enable/disable kind of options */
+               unsigned long bits;
+
+               /*
+                * size started from which we consider file
+                * to be a large one (in blocks)
+                */
+               unsigned long large_file_size;
+
+               int border;     /* percentage of disk, border takes */
+
+               /*
+                * Minimal file size (in blocks) starting
+                * from which we do preallocations
+                */
+               int preallocmin;
+
+               /*
+                * Number of blocks we try to prealloc when file
+                * reaches preallocmin size (in blocks) or prealloc_list
+                is empty.
+                */
+               int preallocsize;
+       } s_alloc_options;
+
+       /* Comment? -Hans */
+       wait_queue_head_t s_wait;
+       /* increased by one every time the  tree gets re-balanced */
+       atomic_t s_generation_counter;
+
+       /* File system properties. Currently holds on-disk FS format */
+       unsigned long s_properties;
+
+       /* session statistics */
+       int s_disk_reads;
+       int s_disk_writes;
+       int s_fix_nodes;
+       int s_do_balance;
+       int s_unneeded_left_neighbor;
+       int s_good_search_by_key_reada;
+       int s_bmaps;
+       int s_bmaps_without_search;
+       int s_direct2indirect;
+       int s_indirect2direct;
+
+       /*
+        * set up when it's ok for reiserfs_read_inode2() to read from
+        * disk inode with nlink==0. Currently this is only used during
+        * finish_unfinished() processing at mount time
+        */
+       int s_is_unlinked_ok;
+
+       reiserfs_proc_info_data_t s_proc_info_data;
+       struct proc_dir_entry *procdir;
+
+       /* amount of blocks reserved for further allocations */
+       int reserved_blocks;
+
+
+       /* this lock on now only used to protect reserved_blocks variable */
+       spinlock_t bitmap_lock;
+       struct dentry *priv_root;       /* root of /.reiserfs_priv */
+       struct dentry *xattr_root;      /* root of /.reiserfs_priv/xattrs */
+       int j_errno;
+
+       int work_queued;              /* non-zero delayed work is queued */
+       struct delayed_work old_work; /* old transactions flush delayed work */
+       spinlock_t old_work_lock;     /* protects old_work and work_queued */
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       char *s_qf_names[REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS];
+       int s_jquota_fmt;
+#endif
+       char *s_jdev;           /* Stored jdev for mount option showing */
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+
+       /*
+        * Detects whether more than one copy of tb exists per superblock
+        * as a means of checking whether do_balance is executing
+        * concurrently against another tree reader/writer on a same
+        * mount point.
+        */
+       struct tree_balance *cur_tb;
+#endif
+};
+
+/* Definitions of reiserfs on-disk properties: */
+#define REISERFS_3_5 0
+#define REISERFS_3_6 1
+#define REISERFS_OLD_FORMAT 2
+
+/* Mount options */
+enum reiserfs_mount_options {
+       /* large tails will be created in a session */
+       REISERFS_LARGETAIL,
+       /*
+        * small (for files less than block size) tails will
+        * be created in a session
+        */
+       REISERFS_SMALLTAIL,
+
+       /* replay journal and return 0. Use by fsck */
+       REPLAYONLY,
+
+       /*
+        * -o conv: causes conversion of old format super block to the
+        * new format. If not specified - old partition will be dealt
+        * with in a manner of 3.5.x
+        */
+       REISERFS_CONVERT,
+
+       /*
+        * -o hash={tea, rupasov, r5, detect} is meant for properly mounting
+        * reiserfs disks from 3.5.19 or earlier.  99% of the time, this
+        * option is not required.  If the normal autodection code can't
+        * determine which hash to use (because both hashes had the same
+        * value for a file) use this option to force a specific hash.
+        * It won't allow you to override the existing hash on the FS, so
+        * if you have a tea hash disk, and mount with -o hash=rupasov,
+        * the mount will fail.
+        */
+       FORCE_TEA_HASH,         /* try to force tea hash on mount */
+       FORCE_RUPASOV_HASH,     /* try to force rupasov hash on mount */
+       FORCE_R5_HASH,          /* try to force rupasov hash on mount */
+       FORCE_HASH_DETECT,      /* try to detect hash function on mount */
+
+       REISERFS_DATA_LOG,
+       REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED,
+       REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK,
+
+       /*
+        * used for testing experimental features, makes benchmarking new
+        * features with and without more convenient, should never be used by
+        * users in any code shipped to users (ideally)
+        */
+
+       REISERFS_NO_BORDER,
+       REISERFS_NO_UNHASHED_RELOCATION,
+       REISERFS_HASHED_RELOCATION,
+       REISERFS_ATTRS,
+       REISERFS_XATTRS_USER,
+       REISERFS_POSIXACL,
+       REISERFS_EXPOSE_PRIVROOT,
+       REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE,
+       REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH,
+
+       /* Actions on error */
+       REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC,
+       REISERFS_ERROR_RO,
+       REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE,
+
+       REISERFS_USRQUOTA,      /* User quota option specified */
+       REISERFS_GRPQUOTA,      /* Group quota option specified */
+
+       REISERFS_TEST1,
+       REISERFS_TEST2,
+       REISERFS_TEST3,
+       REISERFS_TEST4,
+       REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT,
+};
+
+#define reiserfs_r5_hash(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << FORCE_R5_HASH))
+#define reiserfs_rupasov_hash(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << FORCE_RUPASOV_HASH))
+#define reiserfs_tea_hash(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << FORCE_TEA_HASH))
+#define reiserfs_hash_detect(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << FORCE_HASH_DETECT))
+#define reiserfs_no_border(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_NO_BORDER))
+#define reiserfs_no_unhashed_relocation(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_NO_UNHASHED_RELOCATION))
+#define reiserfs_hashed_relocation(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_HASHED_RELOCATION))
+#define reiserfs_test4(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_TEST4))
+
+#define have_large_tails(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_LARGETAIL))
+#define have_small_tails(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL))
+#define replay_only(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REPLAYONLY))
+#define reiserfs_attrs(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_ATTRS))
+#define old_format_only(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_properties & (1 << REISERFS_3_5))
+#define convert_reiserfs(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_CONVERT))
+#define reiserfs_data_log(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_LOG))
+#define reiserfs_data_ordered(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED))
+#define reiserfs_data_writeback(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK))
+#define reiserfs_xattrs_user(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_XATTRS_USER))
+#define reiserfs_posixacl(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_POSIXACL))
+#define reiserfs_expose_privroot(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_EXPOSE_PRIVROOT))
+#define reiserfs_xattrs_optional(s) (reiserfs_xattrs_user(s) || reiserfs_posixacl(s))
+#define reiserfs_barrier_none(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE))
+#define reiserfs_barrier_flush(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH))
+
+#define reiserfs_error_panic(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC))
+#define reiserfs_error_ro(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO))
+
+void reiserfs_file_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh, int list);
+extern struct file_system_type reiserfs_fs_type;
+int reiserfs_resize(struct super_block *, unsigned long);
+
+#define CARRY_ON                0
+#define SCHEDULE_OCCURRED       1
+
+#define SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_sbh)
+#define SB_JOURNAL(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_journal)
+#define SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(s) (SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_1st_reserved_block)
+#define SB_JOURNAL_LEN_FREE(s) (SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_journal_len_free)
+#define SB_AP_BITMAP(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_ap_bitmap)
+
+#define SB_DISK_JOURNAL_HEAD(s) (SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_header_bh->)
+
+#define reiserfs_is_journal_aborted(journal) (unlikely (__reiserfs_is_journal_aborted (journal)))
+static inline int __reiserfs_is_journal_aborted(struct reiserfs_journal
+                                               *journal)
+{
+       return test_bit(J_ABORTED, &journal->j_state);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Locking primitives. The write lock is a per superblock
+ * special mutex that has properties close to the Big Kernel Lock
+ * which was used in the previous locking scheme.
+ */
+void reiserfs_write_lock(struct super_block *s);
+void reiserfs_write_unlock(struct super_block *s);
+int __must_check reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(struct super_block *s);
+void reiserfs_write_lock_nested(struct super_block *s, int depth);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+void reiserfs_lock_check_recursive(struct super_block *s);
+#else
+static inline void reiserfs_lock_check_recursive(struct super_block *s) { }
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Several mutexes depend on the write lock.
+ * However sometimes we want to relax the write lock while we hold
+ * these mutexes, according to the release/reacquire on schedule()
+ * properties of the Bkl that were used.
+ * Reiserfs performances and locking were based on this scheme.
+ * Now that the write lock is a mutex and not the bkl anymore, doing so
+ * may result in a deadlock:
+ *
+ * A acquire write_lock
+ * A acquire j_commit_mutex
+ * A release write_lock and wait for something
+ * B acquire write_lock
+ * B can't acquire j_commit_mutex and sleep
+ * A can't acquire write lock anymore
+ * deadlock
+ *
+ * What we do here is avoiding such deadlock by playing the same game
+ * than the Bkl: if we can't acquire a mutex that depends on the write lock,
+ * we release the write lock, wait a bit and then retry.
+ *
+ * The mutexes concerned by this hack are:
+ * - The commit mutex of a journal list
+ * - The flush mutex
+ * - The journal lock
+ * - The inode mutex
+ */
+static inline void reiserfs_mutex_lock_safe(struct mutex *m,
+                                           struct super_block *s)
+{
+       int depth;
+
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+       mutex_lock(m);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+}
+
+static inline void
+reiserfs_mutex_lock_nested_safe(struct mutex *m, unsigned int subclass,
+                               struct super_block *s)
+{
+       int depth;
+
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+       mutex_lock_nested(m, subclass);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+}
+
+static inline void
+reiserfs_down_read_safe(struct rw_semaphore *sem, struct super_block *s)
+{
+       int depth;
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+       down_read(sem);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+}
+
+/*
+ * When we schedule, we usually want to also release the write lock,
+ * according to the previous bkl based locking scheme of reiserfs.
+ */
+static inline void reiserfs_cond_resched(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       if (need_resched()) {
+               int depth;
+
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+               schedule();
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       }
+}
+
+struct fid;
+
+/*
+ * in reading the #defines, it may help to understand that they employ
+ *  the following abbreviations:
+ *
+ *  B = Buffer
+ *  I = Item header
+ *  H = Height within the tree (should be changed to LEV)
+ *  N = Number of the item in the node
+ *  STAT = stat data
+ *  DEH = Directory Entry Header
+ *  EC = Entry Count
+ *  E = Entry number
+ *  UL = Unsigned Long
+ *  BLKH = BLocK Header
+ *  UNFM = UNForMatted node
+ *  DC = Disk Child
+ *  P = Path
+ *
+ *  These #defines are named by concatenating these abbreviations,
+ *  where first comes the arguments, and last comes the return value,
+ *  of the macro.
+ */
+
+#define USE_INODE_GENERATION_COUNTER
+
+#define REISERFS_PREALLOCATE
+#define DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+#define PREALLOCATION_SIZE 9
+
+/* n must be power of 2 */
+#define _ROUND_UP(x,n) (((x)+(n)-1u) & ~((n)-1u))
+
+/*
+ * to be ok for alpha and others we have to align structures to 8 byte
+ * boundary.
+ * FIXME: do not change 4 by anything else: there is code which relies on that
+ */
+#define ROUND_UP(x) _ROUND_UP(x,8LL)
+
+/*
+ * debug levels.  Right now, CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK means print all debug
+ * messages.
+ */
+#define REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE 5  /* extra messages to help find/debug errors */
+
+void __reiserfs_warning(struct super_block *s, const char *id,
+                        const char *func, const char *fmt, ...);
+#define reiserfs_warning(s, id, fmt, args...) \
+        __reiserfs_warning(s, id, __func__, fmt, ##args)
+/* assertions handling */
+
+/* always check a condition and panic if it's false. */
+#define __RASSERT(cond, scond, format, args...)                        \
+do {                                                                   \
+       if (!(cond))                                                    \
+               reiserfs_panic(NULL, "assertion failure", "(" #cond ") at " \
+                              __FILE__ ":%i:%s: " format "\n",         \
+                              __LINE__, __func__ , ##args);            \
+} while (0)
+
+#define RASSERT(cond, format, args...) __RASSERT(cond, #cond, format, ##args)
+
+#if defined( CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK )
+#define RFALSE(cond, format, args...) __RASSERT(!(cond), "!(" #cond ")", format, ##args)
+#else
+#define RFALSE( cond, format, args... ) do {;} while( 0 )
+#endif
+
+#define CONSTF __attribute_const__
+/*
+ * Disk Data Structures
+ */
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                             SUPER BLOCK                                 *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * Structure of super block on disk, a version of which in RAM is often
+ * accessed as REISERFS_SB(s)->s_rs. The version in RAM is part of a larger
+ * structure containing fields never written to disk.
+ */
+#define UNSET_HASH 0   /* Detect hash on disk */
+#define TEA_HASH  1
+#define YURA_HASH 2
+#define R5_HASH   3
+#define DEFAULT_HASH R5_HASH
+
+struct journal_params {
+       /* where does journal start from on its * device */
+       __le32 jp_journal_1st_block;
+
+       /* journal device st_rdev */
+       __le32 jp_journal_dev;
+
+       /* size of the journal */
+       __le32 jp_journal_size;
+
+       /* max number of blocks in a transaction. */
+       __le32 jp_journal_trans_max;
+
+       /*
+        * random value made on fs creation
+        * (this was sb_journal_block_count)
+        */
+       __le32 jp_journal_magic;
+
+       /* max number of blocks to batch into a trans */
+       __le32 jp_journal_max_batch;
+
+       /* in seconds, how old can an async  commit be */
+       __le32 jp_journal_max_commit_age;
+
+       /* in seconds, how old can a transaction be */
+       __le32 jp_journal_max_trans_age;
+};
+
+/* this is the super from 3.5.X, where X >= 10 */
+struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 {
+       __le32 s_block_count;   /* blocks count         */
+       __le32 s_free_blocks;   /* free blocks count    */
+       __le32 s_root_block;    /* root block number    */
+       struct journal_params s_journal;
+       __le16 s_blocksize;     /* block size */
+
+       /* max size of object id array, see get_objectid() commentary  */
+       __le16 s_oid_maxsize;
+       __le16 s_oid_cursize;   /* current size of object id array */
+
+       /* this is set to 1 when filesystem was umounted, to 2 - when not */
+       __le16 s_umount_state;
+
+       /*
+        * reiserfs magic string indicates that file system is reiserfs:
+        * "ReIsErFs" or "ReIsEr2Fs" or "ReIsEr3Fs"
+        */
+       char s_magic[10];
+
+       /*
+        * it is set to used by fsck to mark which
+        * phase of rebuilding is done
+        */
+       __le16 s_fs_state;
+       /*
+        * indicate, what hash function is being use
+        * to sort names in a directory
+        */
+       __le32 s_hash_function_code;
+       __le16 s_tree_height;   /* height of disk tree */
+
+       /*
+        * amount of bitmap blocks needed to address
+        * each block of file system
+        */
+       __le16 s_bmap_nr;
+
+       /*
+        * this field is only reliable on filesystem with non-standard journal
+        */
+       __le16 s_version;
+
+       /*
+        * size in blocks of journal area on main device, we need to
+        * keep after making fs with non-standard journal
+        */
+       __le16 s_reserved_for_journal;
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+
+#define SB_SIZE_V1 (sizeof(struct reiserfs_super_block_v1))
+
+/* this is the on disk super block */
+struct reiserfs_super_block {
+       struct reiserfs_super_block_v1 s_v1;
+       __le32 s_inode_generation;
+
+       /* Right now used only by inode-attributes, if enabled */
+       __le32 s_flags;
+
+       unsigned char s_uuid[16];       /* filesystem unique identifier */
+       unsigned char s_label[16];      /* filesystem volume label */
+       __le16 s_mnt_count;             /* Count of mounts since last fsck */
+       __le16 s_max_mnt_count;         /* Maximum mounts before check */
+       __le32 s_lastcheck;             /* Timestamp of last fsck */
+       __le32 s_check_interval;        /* Interval between checks */
+
+       /*
+        * zero filled by mkreiserfs and reiserfs_convert_objectid_map_v1()
+        * so any additions must be updated there as well. */
+       char s_unused[76];
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+
+#define SB_SIZE (sizeof(struct reiserfs_super_block))
+
+#define REISERFS_VERSION_1 0
+#define REISERFS_VERSION_2 2
+
+/* on-disk super block fields converted to cpu form */
+#define SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_rs)
+#define SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s) (&(SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_v1))
+#define SB_BLOCKSIZE(s) \
+        le32_to_cpu ((SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_blocksize))
+#define SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) \
+        le32_to_cpu ((SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_block_count))
+#define SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s) \
+        le32_to_cpu ((SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_free_blocks))
+#define SB_REISERFS_MAGIC(s) \
+        (SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_magic)
+#define SB_ROOT_BLOCK(s) \
+        le32_to_cpu ((SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_root_block))
+#define SB_TREE_HEIGHT(s) \
+        le16_to_cpu ((SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_tree_height))
+#define SB_REISERFS_STATE(s) \
+        le16_to_cpu ((SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_umount_state))
+#define SB_VERSION(s) le16_to_cpu ((SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_version))
+#define SB_BMAP_NR(s) le16_to_cpu ((SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_bmap_nr))
+
+#define PUT_SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s, val) \
+   do { SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_block_count = cpu_to_le32(val); } while (0)
+#define PUT_SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s, val) \
+   do { SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_free_blocks = cpu_to_le32(val); } while (0)
+#define PUT_SB_ROOT_BLOCK(s, val) \
+   do { SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_root_block = cpu_to_le32(val); } while (0)
+#define PUT_SB_TREE_HEIGHT(s, val) \
+   do { SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_tree_height = cpu_to_le16(val); } while (0)
+#define PUT_SB_REISERFS_STATE(s, val) \
+   do { SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_umount_state = cpu_to_le16(val); } while (0)
+#define PUT_SB_VERSION(s, val) \
+   do { SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_version = cpu_to_le16(val); } while (0)
+#define PUT_SB_BMAP_NR(s, val) \
+   do { SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_bmap_nr = cpu_to_le16 (val); } while (0)
+
+#define SB_ONDISK_JP(s) (&SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_journal)
+#define SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(s) \
+         le32_to_cpu ((SB_ONDISK_JP(s)->jp_journal_size))
+#define SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_1st_BLOCK(s) \
+         le32_to_cpu ((SB_ONDISK_JP(s)->jp_journal_1st_block))
+#define SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_DEVICE(s) \
+         le32_to_cpu ((SB_ONDISK_JP(s)->jp_journal_dev))
+#define SB_ONDISK_RESERVED_FOR_JOURNAL(s) \
+         le16_to_cpu ((SB_V1_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)->s_reserved_for_journal))
+
+#define is_block_in_log_or_reserved_area(s, block) \
+         block >= SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(s) \
+         && block < SB_JOURNAL_1st_RESERVED_BLOCK(s) +  \
+         ((!is_reiserfs_jr(SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s)) ? \
+         SB_ONDISK_JOURNAL_SIZE(s) + 1 : SB_ONDISK_RESERVED_FOR_JOURNAL(s)))
+
+int is_reiserfs_3_5(struct reiserfs_super_block *rs);
+int is_reiserfs_3_6(struct reiserfs_super_block *rs);
+int is_reiserfs_jr(struct reiserfs_super_block *rs);
+
+/*
+ * ReiserFS leaves the first 64k unused, so that partition labels have
+ * enough space.  If someone wants to write a fancy bootloader that
+ * needs more than 64k, let us know, and this will be increased in size.
+ * This number must be larger than the largest block size on any
+ * platform, or code will break.  -Hans
+ */
+#define REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES (64 * 1024)
+#define REISERFS_FIRST_BLOCK unused_define
+#define REISERFS_JOURNAL_OFFSET_IN_BYTES REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES
+
+/* the spot for the super in versions 3.5 - 3.5.10 (inclusive) */
+#define REISERFS_OLD_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES (8 * 1024)
+
+/* reiserfs internal error code (used by search_by_key and fix_nodes)) */
+#define CARRY_ON      0
+#define REPEAT_SEARCH -1
+#define IO_ERROR      -2
+#define NO_DISK_SPACE -3
+#define NO_BALANCING_NEEDED  (-4)
+#define NO_MORE_UNUSED_CONTIGUOUS_BLOCKS (-5)
+#define QUOTA_EXCEEDED -6
+
+typedef __u32 b_blocknr_t;
+typedef __le32 unp_t;
+
+struct unfm_nodeinfo {
+       unp_t unfm_nodenum;
+       unsigned short unfm_freespace;
+};
+
+/* there are two formats of keys: 3.5 and 3.6 */
+#define KEY_FORMAT_3_5 0
+#define KEY_FORMAT_3_6 1
+
+/* there are two stat datas */
+#define STAT_DATA_V1 0
+#define STAT_DATA_V2 1
+
+static inline struct reiserfs_inode_info *REISERFS_I(const struct inode *inode)
+{
+       return container_of(inode, struct reiserfs_inode_info, vfs_inode);
+}
+
+static inline struct reiserfs_sb_info *REISERFS_SB(const struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       return sb->s_fs_info;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Don't trust REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_bmap_nr, it's a u16
+ * which overflows on large file systems.
+ */
+static inline __u32 reiserfs_bmap_count(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       return (SB_BLOCK_COUNT(sb) - 1) / (sb->s_blocksize * 8) + 1;
+}
+
+static inline int bmap_would_wrap(unsigned bmap_nr)
+{
+       return bmap_nr > ((1LL << 16) - 1);
+}
+
+extern const struct xattr_handler * const reiserfs_xattr_handlers[];
+
+/*
+ * this says about version of key of all items (but stat data) the
+ * object consists of
+ */
+#define get_inode_item_key_version( inode )                                    \
+    ((REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_item_key_version_mask) ? KEY_FORMAT_3_6 : KEY_FORMAT_3_5)
+
+#define set_inode_item_key_version( inode, version )                           \
+         ({ if((version)==KEY_FORMAT_3_6)                                      \
+                REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_item_key_version_mask;      \
+            else                                                               \
+                REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_item_key_version_mask; })
+
+#define get_inode_sd_version(inode)                                            \
+    ((REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_stat_data_version_mask) ? STAT_DATA_V2 : STAT_DATA_V1)
+
+#define set_inode_sd_version(inode, version)                                   \
+         ({ if((version)==STAT_DATA_V2)                                        \
+                REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_stat_data_version_mask;     \
+            else                                                               \
+                REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_stat_data_version_mask; })
+
+/*
+ * This is an aggressive tail suppression policy, I am hoping it
+ * improves our benchmarks. The principle behind it is that percentage
+ * space saving is what matters, not absolute space saving.  This is
+ * non-intuitive, but it helps to understand it if you consider that the
+ * cost to access 4 blocks is not much more than the cost to access 1
+ * block, if you have to do a seek and rotate.  A tail risks a
+ * non-linear disk access that is significant as a percentage of total
+ * time cost for a 4 block file and saves an amount of space that is
+ * less significant as a percentage of space, or so goes the hypothesis.
+ * -Hans
+ */
+#define STORE_TAIL_IN_UNFM_S1(n_file_size,n_tail_size,n_block_size) \
+(\
+  (!(n_tail_size)) || \
+  (((n_tail_size) > MAX_DIRECT_ITEM_LEN(n_block_size)) || \
+   ( (n_file_size) >= (n_block_size) * 4 ) || \
+   ( ( (n_file_size) >= (n_block_size) * 3 ) && \
+     ( (n_tail_size) >=   (MAX_DIRECT_ITEM_LEN(n_block_size))/4) ) || \
+   ( ( (n_file_size) >= (n_block_size) * 2 ) && \
+     ( (n_tail_size) >=   (MAX_DIRECT_ITEM_LEN(n_block_size))/2) ) || \
+   ( ( (n_file_size) >= (n_block_size) ) && \
+     ( (n_tail_size) >=   (MAX_DIRECT_ITEM_LEN(n_block_size) * 3)/4) ) ) \
+)
+
+/*
+ * Another strategy for tails, this one means only create a tail if all the
+ * file would fit into one DIRECT item.
+ * Primary intention for this one is to increase performance by decreasing
+ * seeking.
+*/
+#define STORE_TAIL_IN_UNFM_S2(n_file_size,n_tail_size,n_block_size) \
+(\
+  (!(n_tail_size)) || \
+  (((n_file_size) > MAX_DIRECT_ITEM_LEN(n_block_size)) ) \
+)
+
+/*
+ * values for s_umount_state field
+ */
+#define REISERFS_VALID_FS    1
+#define REISERFS_ERROR_FS    2
+
+/*
+ * there are 5 item types currently
+ */
+#define TYPE_STAT_DATA 0
+#define TYPE_INDIRECT 1
+#define TYPE_DIRECT 2
+#define TYPE_DIRENTRY 3
+#define TYPE_MAXTYPE 3
+#define TYPE_ANY 15            /* FIXME: comment is required */
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                       KEY & ITEM HEAD                                   *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+/* * directories use this key as well as old files */
+struct offset_v1 {
+       __le32 k_offset;
+       __le32 k_uniqueness;
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+
+struct offset_v2 {
+       __le64 v;
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+
+static inline __u16 offset_v2_k_type(const struct offset_v2 *v2)
+{
+       __u8 type = le64_to_cpu(v2->v) >> 60;
+       return (type <= TYPE_MAXTYPE) ? type : TYPE_ANY;
+}
+
+static inline void set_offset_v2_k_type(struct offset_v2 *v2, int type)
+{
+       v2->v =
+           (v2->v & cpu_to_le64(~0ULL >> 4)) | cpu_to_le64((__u64) type << 60);
+}
+
+static inline loff_t offset_v2_k_offset(const struct offset_v2 *v2)
+{
+       return le64_to_cpu(v2->v) & (~0ULL >> 4);
+}
+
+static inline void set_offset_v2_k_offset(struct offset_v2 *v2, loff_t offset)
+{
+       offset &= (~0ULL >> 4);
+       v2->v = (v2->v & cpu_to_le64(15ULL << 60)) | cpu_to_le64(offset);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Key of an item determines its location in the S+tree, and
+ * is composed of 4 components
+ */
+struct reiserfs_key {
+       /* packing locality: by default parent directory object id */
+       __le32 k_dir_id;
+
+       __le32 k_objectid;      /* object identifier */
+       union {
+               struct offset_v1 k_offset_v1;
+               struct offset_v2 k_offset_v2;
+       } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) u;
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+
+struct in_core_key {
+       /* packing locality: by default parent directory object id */
+       __u32 k_dir_id;
+       __u32 k_objectid;       /* object identifier */
+       __u64 k_offset;
+       __u8 k_type;
+};
+
+struct cpu_key {
+       struct in_core_key on_disk_key;
+       int version;
+       /* 3 in all cases but direct2indirect and indirect2direct conversion */
+       int key_length;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Our function for comparing keys can compare keys of different
+ * lengths.  It takes as a parameter the length of the keys it is to
+ * compare.  These defines are used in determining what is to be passed
+ * to it as that parameter.
+ */
+#define REISERFS_FULL_KEY_LEN     4
+#define REISERFS_SHORT_KEY_LEN    2
+
+/* The result of the key compare */
+#define FIRST_GREATER 1
+#define SECOND_GREATER -1
+#define KEYS_IDENTICAL 0
+#define KEY_FOUND 1
+#define KEY_NOT_FOUND 0
+
+#define KEY_SIZE (sizeof(struct reiserfs_key))
+
+/* return values for search_by_key and clones */
+#define ITEM_FOUND 1
+#define ITEM_NOT_FOUND 0
+#define ENTRY_FOUND 1
+#define ENTRY_NOT_FOUND 0
+#define DIRECTORY_NOT_FOUND -1
+#define REGULAR_FILE_FOUND -2
+#define DIRECTORY_FOUND -3
+#define BYTE_FOUND 1
+#define BYTE_NOT_FOUND 0
+#define FILE_NOT_FOUND -1
+
+#define POSITION_FOUND 1
+#define POSITION_NOT_FOUND 0
+
+/* return values for reiserfs_find_entry and search_by_entry_key */
+#define NAME_FOUND 1
+#define NAME_NOT_FOUND 0
+#define GOTO_PREVIOUS_ITEM 2
+#define NAME_FOUND_INVISIBLE 3
+
+/*
+ * Everything in the filesystem is stored as a set of items.  The
+ * item head contains the key of the item, its free space (for
+ * indirect items) and specifies the location of the item itself
+ * within the block.
+ */
+
+struct item_head {
+       /*
+        * Everything in the tree is found by searching for it based on
+        * its key.
+        */
+       struct reiserfs_key ih_key;
+       union {
+               /*
+                * The free space in the last unformatted node of an
+                * indirect item if this is an indirect item.  This
+                * equals 0xFFFF iff this is a direct item or stat data
+                * item. Note that the key, not this field, is used to
+                * determine the item type, and thus which field this
+                * union contains.
+                */
+               __le16 ih_free_space_reserved;
+
+               /*
+                * Iff this is a directory item, this field equals the
+                * number of directory entries in the directory item.
+                */
+               __le16 ih_entry_count;
+       } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) u;
+       __le16 ih_item_len;     /* total size of the item body */
+
+       /* an offset to the item body within the block */
+       __le16 ih_item_location;
+
+       /*
+        * 0 for all old items, 2 for new ones. Highest bit is set by fsck
+        * temporary, cleaned after all done
+        */
+       __le16 ih_version;
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+/* size of item header     */
+#define IH_SIZE (sizeof(struct item_head))
+
+#define ih_free_space(ih)            le16_to_cpu((ih)->u.ih_free_space_reserved)
+#define ih_version(ih)               le16_to_cpu((ih)->ih_version)
+#define ih_entry_count(ih)           le16_to_cpu((ih)->u.ih_entry_count)
+#define ih_location(ih)              le16_to_cpu((ih)->ih_item_location)
+#define ih_item_len(ih)              le16_to_cpu((ih)->ih_item_len)
+
+#define put_ih_free_space(ih, val)   do { (ih)->u.ih_free_space_reserved = cpu_to_le16(val); } while(0)
+#define put_ih_version(ih, val)      do { (ih)->ih_version = cpu_to_le16(val); } while (0)
+#define put_ih_entry_count(ih, val)  do { (ih)->u.ih_entry_count = cpu_to_le16(val); } while (0)
+#define put_ih_location(ih, val)     do { (ih)->ih_item_location = cpu_to_le16(val); } while (0)
+#define put_ih_item_len(ih, val)     do { (ih)->ih_item_len = cpu_to_le16(val); } while (0)
+
+#define unreachable_item(ih) (ih_version(ih) & (1 << 15))
+
+#define get_ih_free_space(ih) (ih_version (ih) == KEY_FORMAT_3_6 ? 0 : ih_free_space (ih))
+#define set_ih_free_space(ih,val) put_ih_free_space((ih), ((ih_version(ih) == KEY_FORMAT_3_6) ? 0 : (val)))
+
+/*
+ * these operate on indirect items, where you've got an array of ints
+ * at a possibly unaligned location.  These are a noop on ia32
+ *
+ * p is the array of __u32, i is the index into the array, v is the value
+ * to store there.
+ */
+#define get_block_num(p, i) get_unaligned_le32((p) + (i))
+#define put_block_num(p, i, v) put_unaligned_le32((v), (p) + (i))
+
+/* * in old version uniqueness field shows key type */
+#define V1_SD_UNIQUENESS 0
+#define V1_INDIRECT_UNIQUENESS 0xfffffffe
+#define V1_DIRECT_UNIQUENESS 0xffffffff
+#define V1_DIRENTRY_UNIQUENESS 500
+#define V1_ANY_UNIQUENESS 555  /* FIXME: comment is required */
+
+/* here are conversion routines */
+static inline int uniqueness2type(__u32 uniqueness) CONSTF;
+static inline int uniqueness2type(__u32 uniqueness)
+{
+       switch ((int)uniqueness) {
+       case V1_SD_UNIQUENESS:
+               return TYPE_STAT_DATA;
+       case V1_INDIRECT_UNIQUENESS:
+               return TYPE_INDIRECT;
+       case V1_DIRECT_UNIQUENESS:
+               return TYPE_DIRECT;
+       case V1_DIRENTRY_UNIQUENESS:
+               return TYPE_DIRENTRY;
+       case V1_ANY_UNIQUENESS:
+       default:
+               return TYPE_ANY;
+       }
+}
+
+static inline __u32 type2uniqueness(int type) CONSTF;
+static inline __u32 type2uniqueness(int type)
+{
+       switch (type) {
+       case TYPE_STAT_DATA:
+               return V1_SD_UNIQUENESS;
+       case TYPE_INDIRECT:
+               return V1_INDIRECT_UNIQUENESS;
+       case TYPE_DIRECT:
+               return V1_DIRECT_UNIQUENESS;
+       case TYPE_DIRENTRY:
+               return V1_DIRENTRY_UNIQUENESS;
+       case TYPE_ANY:
+       default:
+               return V1_ANY_UNIQUENESS;
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * key is pointer to on disk key which is stored in le, result is cpu,
+ * there is no way to get version of object from key, so, provide
+ * version to these defines
+ */
+static inline loff_t le_key_k_offset(int version,
+                                    const struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       return (version == KEY_FORMAT_3_5) ?
+           le32_to_cpu(key->u.k_offset_v1.k_offset) :
+           offset_v2_k_offset(&(key->u.k_offset_v2));
+}
+
+static inline loff_t le_ih_k_offset(const struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       return le_key_k_offset(ih_version(ih), &(ih->ih_key));
+}
+
+static inline loff_t le_key_k_type(int version, const struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       if (version == KEY_FORMAT_3_5) {
+               loff_t val = le32_to_cpu(key->u.k_offset_v1.k_uniqueness);
+               return uniqueness2type(val);
+       } else
+               return offset_v2_k_type(&(key->u.k_offset_v2));
+}
+
+static inline loff_t le_ih_k_type(const struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       return le_key_k_type(ih_version(ih), &(ih->ih_key));
+}
+
+static inline void set_le_key_k_offset(int version, struct reiserfs_key *key,
+                                      loff_t offset)
+{
+       if (version == KEY_FORMAT_3_5)
+               key->u.k_offset_v1.k_offset = cpu_to_le32(offset);
+       else
+               set_offset_v2_k_offset(&key->u.k_offset_v2, offset);
+}
+
+static inline void add_le_key_k_offset(int version, struct reiserfs_key *key,
+                                      loff_t offset)
+{
+       set_le_key_k_offset(version, key,
+                           le_key_k_offset(version, key) + offset);
+}
+
+static inline void add_le_ih_k_offset(struct item_head *ih, loff_t offset)
+{
+       add_le_key_k_offset(ih_version(ih), &(ih->ih_key), offset);
+}
+
+static inline void set_le_ih_k_offset(struct item_head *ih, loff_t offset)
+{
+       set_le_key_k_offset(ih_version(ih), &(ih->ih_key), offset);
+}
+
+static inline void set_le_key_k_type(int version, struct reiserfs_key *key,
+                                    int type)
+{
+       if (version == KEY_FORMAT_3_5) {
+               type = type2uniqueness(type);
+               key->u.k_offset_v1.k_uniqueness = cpu_to_le32(type);
+       } else
+              set_offset_v2_k_type(&key->u.k_offset_v2, type);
+}
+
+static inline void set_le_ih_k_type(struct item_head *ih, int type)
+{
+       set_le_key_k_type(ih_version(ih), &(ih->ih_key), type);
+}
+
+static inline int is_direntry_le_key(int version, struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       return le_key_k_type(version, key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY;
+}
+
+static inline int is_direct_le_key(int version, struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       return le_key_k_type(version, key) == TYPE_DIRECT;
+}
+
+static inline int is_indirect_le_key(int version, struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       return le_key_k_type(version, key) == TYPE_INDIRECT;
+}
+
+static inline int is_statdata_le_key(int version, struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       return le_key_k_type(version, key) == TYPE_STAT_DATA;
+}
+
+/* item header has version.  */
+static inline int is_direntry_le_ih(struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       return is_direntry_le_key(ih_version(ih), &ih->ih_key);
+}
+
+static inline int is_direct_le_ih(struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       return is_direct_le_key(ih_version(ih), &ih->ih_key);
+}
+
+static inline int is_indirect_le_ih(struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       return is_indirect_le_key(ih_version(ih), &ih->ih_key);
+}
+
+static inline int is_statdata_le_ih(struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       return is_statdata_le_key(ih_version(ih), &ih->ih_key);
+}
+
+/* key is pointer to cpu key, result is cpu */
+static inline loff_t cpu_key_k_offset(const struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       return key->on_disk_key.k_offset;
+}
+
+static inline loff_t cpu_key_k_type(const struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       return key->on_disk_key.k_type;
+}
+
+static inline void set_cpu_key_k_offset(struct cpu_key *key, loff_t offset)
+{
+       key->on_disk_key.k_offset = offset;
+}
+
+static inline void set_cpu_key_k_type(struct cpu_key *key, int type)
+{
+       key->on_disk_key.k_type = type;
+}
+
+static inline void cpu_key_k_offset_dec(struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       key->on_disk_key.k_offset--;
+}
+
+#define is_direntry_cpu_key(key) (cpu_key_k_type (key) == TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+#define is_direct_cpu_key(key) (cpu_key_k_type (key) == TYPE_DIRECT)
+#define is_indirect_cpu_key(key) (cpu_key_k_type (key) == TYPE_INDIRECT)
+#define is_statdata_cpu_key(key) (cpu_key_k_type (key) == TYPE_STAT_DATA)
+
+/* are these used ? */
+#define is_direntry_cpu_ih(ih) (is_direntry_cpu_key (&((ih)->ih_key)))
+#define is_direct_cpu_ih(ih) (is_direct_cpu_key (&((ih)->ih_key)))
+#define is_indirect_cpu_ih(ih) (is_indirect_cpu_key (&((ih)->ih_key)))
+#define is_statdata_cpu_ih(ih) (is_statdata_cpu_key (&((ih)->ih_key)))
+
+#define I_K_KEY_IN_ITEM(ih, key, n_blocksize) \
+    (!COMP_SHORT_KEYS(ih, key) && \
+         I_OFF_BYTE_IN_ITEM(ih, k_offset(key), n_blocksize))
+
+/* maximal length of item */
+#define MAX_ITEM_LEN(block_size) (block_size - BLKH_SIZE - IH_SIZE)
+#define MIN_ITEM_LEN 1
+
+/* object identifier for root dir */
+#define REISERFS_ROOT_OBJECTID 2
+#define REISERFS_ROOT_PARENT_OBJECTID 1
+
+extern struct reiserfs_key root_key;
+
+/*
+ * Picture represents a leaf of the S+tree
+ *  ______________________________________________________
+ * |      |  Array of     |                   |           |
+ * |Block |  Object-Item  |      F r e e      |  Objects- |
+ * | head |  Headers      |     S p a c e     |   Items   |
+ * |______|_______________|___________________|___________|
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Header of a disk block.  More precisely, header of a formatted leaf
+ * or internal node, and not the header of an unformatted node.
+ */
+struct block_head {
+       __le16 blk_level;       /* Level of a block in the tree. */
+       __le16 blk_nr_item;     /* Number of keys/items in a block. */
+       __le16 blk_free_space;  /* Block free space in bytes. */
+       __le16 blk_reserved;
+       /* dump this in v4/planA */
+
+       /* kept only for compatibility */
+       struct reiserfs_key blk_right_delim_key;
+};
+
+#define BLKH_SIZE                     (sizeof(struct block_head))
+#define blkh_level(p_blkh)            (le16_to_cpu((p_blkh)->blk_level))
+#define blkh_nr_item(p_blkh)          (le16_to_cpu((p_blkh)->blk_nr_item))
+#define blkh_free_space(p_blkh)       (le16_to_cpu((p_blkh)->blk_free_space))
+#define blkh_reserved(p_blkh)         (le16_to_cpu((p_blkh)->blk_reserved))
+#define set_blkh_level(p_blkh,val)    ((p_blkh)->blk_level = cpu_to_le16(val))
+#define set_blkh_nr_item(p_blkh,val)  ((p_blkh)->blk_nr_item = cpu_to_le16(val))
+#define set_blkh_free_space(p_blkh,val) ((p_blkh)->blk_free_space = cpu_to_le16(val))
+#define set_blkh_reserved(p_blkh,val) ((p_blkh)->blk_reserved = cpu_to_le16(val))
+#define blkh_right_delim_key(p_blkh)  ((p_blkh)->blk_right_delim_key)
+#define set_blkh_right_delim_key(p_blkh,val)  ((p_blkh)->blk_right_delim_key = val)
+
+/* values for blk_level field of the struct block_head */
+
+/*
+ * When node gets removed from the tree its blk_level is set to FREE_LEVEL.
+ * It is then  used to see whether the node is still in the tree
+ */
+#define FREE_LEVEL 0
+
+#define DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL  1        /* Leaf node level. */
+
+/*
+ * Given the buffer head of a formatted node, resolve to the
+ * block head of that node.
+ */
+#define B_BLK_HEAD(bh)                 ((struct block_head *)((bh)->b_data))
+/* Number of items that are in buffer. */
+#define B_NR_ITEMS(bh)                 (blkh_nr_item(B_BLK_HEAD(bh)))
+#define B_LEVEL(bh)                    (blkh_level(B_BLK_HEAD(bh)))
+#define B_FREE_SPACE(bh)               (blkh_free_space(B_BLK_HEAD(bh)))
+
+#define PUT_B_NR_ITEMS(bh, val)                do { set_blkh_nr_item(B_BLK_HEAD(bh), val); } while (0)
+#define PUT_B_LEVEL(bh, val)           do { set_blkh_level(B_BLK_HEAD(bh), val); } while (0)
+#define PUT_B_FREE_SPACE(bh, val)      do { set_blkh_free_space(B_BLK_HEAD(bh), val); } while (0)
+
+/* Get right delimiting key. -- little endian */
+#define B_PRIGHT_DELIM_KEY(bh)         (&(blk_right_delim_key(B_BLK_HEAD(bh))))
+
+/* Does the buffer contain a disk leaf. */
+#define B_IS_ITEMS_LEVEL(bh)           (B_LEVEL(bh) == DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL)
+
+/* Does the buffer contain a disk internal node */
+#define B_IS_KEYS_LEVEL(bh)      (B_LEVEL(bh) > DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL \
+                                           && B_LEVEL(bh) <= MAX_HEIGHT)
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                             STAT DATA                                   *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * old stat data is 32 bytes long. We are going to distinguish new one by
+ * different size
+*/
+struct stat_data_v1 {
+       __le16 sd_mode;         /* file type, permissions */
+       __le16 sd_nlink;        /* number of hard links */
+       __le16 sd_uid;          /* owner */
+       __le16 sd_gid;          /* group */
+       __le32 sd_size;         /* file size */
+       __le32 sd_atime;        /* time of last access */
+       __le32 sd_mtime;        /* time file was last modified  */
+
+       /*
+        * time inode (stat data) was last changed
+        * (except changes to sd_atime and sd_mtime)
+        */
+       __le32 sd_ctime;
+       union {
+               __le32 sd_rdev;
+               __le32 sd_blocks;       /* number of blocks file uses */
+       } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) u;
+
+       /*
+        * first byte of file which is stored in a direct item: except that if
+        * it equals 1 it is a symlink and if it equals ~(__u32)0 there is no
+        * direct item.  The existence of this field really grates on me.
+        * Let's replace it with a macro based on sd_size and our tail
+        * suppression policy.  Someday.  -Hans
+        */
+       __le32 sd_first_direct_byte;
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+
+#define SD_V1_SIZE              (sizeof(struct stat_data_v1))
+#define stat_data_v1(ih)        (ih_version (ih) == KEY_FORMAT_3_5)
+#define sd_v1_mode(sdp)         (le16_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_mode))
+#define set_sd_v1_mode(sdp,v)   ((sdp)->sd_mode = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sd_v1_nlink(sdp)        (le16_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_nlink))
+#define set_sd_v1_nlink(sdp,v)  ((sdp)->sd_nlink = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sd_v1_uid(sdp)          (le16_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_uid))
+#define set_sd_v1_uid(sdp,v)    ((sdp)->sd_uid = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sd_v1_gid(sdp)          (le16_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_gid))
+#define set_sd_v1_gid(sdp,v)    ((sdp)->sd_gid = cpu_to_le16(v))
+#define sd_v1_size(sdp)         (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_size))
+#define set_sd_v1_size(sdp,v)   ((sdp)->sd_size = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v1_atime(sdp)        (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_atime))
+#define set_sd_v1_atime(sdp,v)  ((sdp)->sd_atime = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v1_mtime(sdp)        (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_mtime))
+#define set_sd_v1_mtime(sdp,v)  ((sdp)->sd_mtime = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v1_ctime(sdp)        (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_ctime))
+#define set_sd_v1_ctime(sdp,v)  ((sdp)->sd_ctime = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v1_rdev(sdp)         (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->u.sd_rdev))
+#define set_sd_v1_rdev(sdp,v)   ((sdp)->u.sd_rdev = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v1_blocks(sdp)       (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->u.sd_blocks))
+#define set_sd_v1_blocks(sdp,v) ((sdp)->u.sd_blocks = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sdp) \
+                                (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_first_direct_byte))
+#define set_sd_v1_first_direct_byte(sdp,v) \
+                                ((sdp)->sd_first_direct_byte = cpu_to_le32(v))
+
+/* inode flags stored in sd_attrs (nee sd_reserved) */
+
+/*
+ * we want common flags to have the same values as in ext2,
+ * so chattr(1) will work without problems
+ */
+#define REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL FS_IMMUTABLE_FL
+#define REISERFS_APPEND_FL    FS_APPEND_FL
+#define REISERFS_SYNC_FL      FS_SYNC_FL
+#define REISERFS_NOATIME_FL   FS_NOATIME_FL
+#define REISERFS_NODUMP_FL    FS_NODUMP_FL
+#define REISERFS_SECRM_FL     FS_SECRM_FL
+#define REISERFS_UNRM_FL      FS_UNRM_FL
+#define REISERFS_COMPR_FL     FS_COMPR_FL
+#define REISERFS_NOTAIL_FL    FS_NOTAIL_FL
+
+/* persistent flags that file inherits from the parent directory */
+#define REISERFS_INHERIT_MASK ( REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL |        \
+                               REISERFS_SYNC_FL |      \
+                               REISERFS_NOATIME_FL |   \
+                               REISERFS_NODUMP_FL |    \
+                               REISERFS_SECRM_FL |     \
+                               REISERFS_COMPR_FL |     \
+                               REISERFS_NOTAIL_FL )
+
+/*
+ * Stat Data on disk (reiserfs version of UFS disk inode minus the
+ * address blocks)
+ */
+struct stat_data {
+       __le16 sd_mode;         /* file type, permissions */
+       __le16 sd_attrs;        /* persistent inode flags */
+       __le32 sd_nlink;        /* number of hard links */
+       __le64 sd_size;         /* file size */
+       __le32 sd_uid;          /* owner */
+       __le32 sd_gid;          /* group */
+       __le32 sd_atime;        /* time of last access */
+       __le32 sd_mtime;        /* time file was last modified  */
+
+       /*
+        * time inode (stat data) was last changed
+        * (except changes to sd_atime and sd_mtime)
+        */
+       __le32 sd_ctime;
+       __le32 sd_blocks;
+       union {
+               __le32 sd_rdev;
+               __le32 sd_generation;
+       } __attribute__ ((__packed__)) u;
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+
+/* this is 44 bytes long */
+#define SD_SIZE (sizeof(struct stat_data))
+#define SD_V2_SIZE              SD_SIZE
+#define stat_data_v2(ih)        (ih_version (ih) == KEY_FORMAT_3_6)
+#define sd_v2_mode(sdp)         (le16_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_mode))
+#define set_sd_v2_mode(sdp,v)   ((sdp)->sd_mode = cpu_to_le16(v))
+/* sd_reserved */
+/* set_sd_reserved */
+#define sd_v2_nlink(sdp)        (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_nlink))
+#define set_sd_v2_nlink(sdp,v)  ((sdp)->sd_nlink = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v2_size(sdp)         (le64_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_size))
+#define set_sd_v2_size(sdp,v)   ((sdp)->sd_size = cpu_to_le64(v))
+#define sd_v2_uid(sdp)          (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_uid))
+#define set_sd_v2_uid(sdp,v)    ((sdp)->sd_uid = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v2_gid(sdp)          (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_gid))
+#define set_sd_v2_gid(sdp,v)    ((sdp)->sd_gid = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v2_atime(sdp)        (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_atime))
+#define set_sd_v2_atime(sdp,v)  ((sdp)->sd_atime = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v2_mtime(sdp)        (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_mtime))
+#define set_sd_v2_mtime(sdp,v)  ((sdp)->sd_mtime = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v2_ctime(sdp)        (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_ctime))
+#define set_sd_v2_ctime(sdp,v)  ((sdp)->sd_ctime = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v2_blocks(sdp)       (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_blocks))
+#define set_sd_v2_blocks(sdp,v) ((sdp)->sd_blocks = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v2_rdev(sdp)         (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->u.sd_rdev))
+#define set_sd_v2_rdev(sdp,v)   ((sdp)->u.sd_rdev = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v2_generation(sdp)   (le32_to_cpu((sdp)->u.sd_generation))
+#define set_sd_v2_generation(sdp,v) ((sdp)->u.sd_generation = cpu_to_le32(v))
+#define sd_v2_attrs(sdp)         (le16_to_cpu((sdp)->sd_attrs))
+#define set_sd_v2_attrs(sdp,v)   ((sdp)->sd_attrs = cpu_to_le16(v))
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                      DIRECTORY STRUCTURE                                *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+/*
+ * Picture represents the structure of directory items
+ * ________________________________________________
+ * |  Array of     |   |     |        |       |   |
+ * | directory     |N-1| N-2 | ....   |   1st |0th|
+ * | entry headers |   |     |        |       |   |
+ * |_______________|___|_____|________|_______|___|
+ *                  <----   directory entries         ------>
+ *
+ * First directory item has k_offset component 1. We store "." and ".."
+ * in one item, always, we never split "." and ".." into differing
+ * items.  This makes, among other things, the code for removing
+ * directories simpler.
+ */
+#define SD_OFFSET  0
+#define SD_UNIQUENESS 0
+#define DOT_OFFSET 1
+#define DOT_DOT_OFFSET 2
+#define DIRENTRY_UNIQUENESS 500
+
+#define FIRST_ITEM_OFFSET 1
+
+/*
+ * Q: How to get key of object pointed to by entry from entry?
+ *
+ * A: Each directory entry has its header. This header has deh_dir_id
+ *    and deh_objectid fields, those are key of object, entry points to
+ */
+
+/*
+ * NOT IMPLEMENTED:
+ * Directory will someday contain stat data of object
+ */
+
+struct reiserfs_de_head {
+       __le32 deh_offset;      /* third component of the directory entry key */
+
+       /*
+        * objectid of the parent directory of the object, that is referenced
+        * by directory entry
+        */
+       __le32 deh_dir_id;
+
+       /* objectid of the object, that is referenced by directory entry */
+       __le32 deh_objectid;
+       __le16 deh_location;    /* offset of name in the whole item */
+
+       /*
+        * whether 1) entry contains stat data (for future), and
+        * 2) whether entry is hidden (unlinked)
+        */
+       __le16 deh_state;
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+#define DEH_SIZE                  sizeof(struct reiserfs_de_head)
+#define deh_offset(p_deh)         (le32_to_cpu((p_deh)->deh_offset))
+#define deh_dir_id(p_deh)         (le32_to_cpu((p_deh)->deh_dir_id))
+#define deh_objectid(p_deh)       (le32_to_cpu((p_deh)->deh_objectid))
+#define deh_location(p_deh)       (le16_to_cpu((p_deh)->deh_location))
+#define deh_state(p_deh)          (le16_to_cpu((p_deh)->deh_state))
+
+#define put_deh_offset(p_deh,v)   ((p_deh)->deh_offset = cpu_to_le32((v)))
+#define put_deh_dir_id(p_deh,v)   ((p_deh)->deh_dir_id = cpu_to_le32((v)))
+#define put_deh_objectid(p_deh,v) ((p_deh)->deh_objectid = cpu_to_le32((v)))
+#define put_deh_location(p_deh,v) ((p_deh)->deh_location = cpu_to_le16((v)))
+#define put_deh_state(p_deh,v)    ((p_deh)->deh_state = cpu_to_le16((v)))
+
+/* empty directory contains two entries "." and ".." and their headers */
+#define EMPTY_DIR_SIZE \
+(DEH_SIZE * 2 + ROUND_UP (sizeof(".") - 1) + ROUND_UP (sizeof("..") - 1))
+
+/* old format directories have this size when empty */
+#define EMPTY_DIR_SIZE_V1 (DEH_SIZE * 2 + 3)
+
+#define DEH_Statdata 0         /* not used now */
+#define DEH_Visible 2
+
+/* 64 bit systems (and the S/390) need to be aligned explicitly -jdm */
+#if BITS_PER_LONG == 64 || defined(__s390__) || defined(__hppa__)
+#   define ADDR_UNALIGNED_BITS  (3)
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * These are only used to manipulate deh_state.
+ * Because of this, we'll use the ext2_ bit routines,
+ * since they are little endian
+ */
+#ifdef ADDR_UNALIGNED_BITS
+
+#   define aligned_address(addr)           ((void *)((long)(addr) & ~((1UL << ADDR_UNALIGNED_BITS) - 1)))
+#   define unaligned_offset(addr)          (((int)((long)(addr) & ((1 << ADDR_UNALIGNED_BITS) - 1))) << 3)
+
+#   define set_bit_unaligned(nr, addr) \
+       __test_and_set_bit_le((nr) + unaligned_offset(addr), aligned_address(addr))
+#   define clear_bit_unaligned(nr, addr)       \
+       __test_and_clear_bit_le((nr) + unaligned_offset(addr), aligned_address(addr))
+#   define test_bit_unaligned(nr, addr)        \
+       test_bit_le((nr) + unaligned_offset(addr), aligned_address(addr))
+
+#else
+
+#   define set_bit_unaligned(nr, addr) __test_and_set_bit_le(nr, addr)
+#   define clear_bit_unaligned(nr, addr)       __test_and_clear_bit_le(nr, addr)
+#   define test_bit_unaligned(nr, addr)        test_bit_le(nr, addr)
+
+#endif
+
+#define mark_de_with_sd(deh)        set_bit_unaligned (DEH_Statdata, &((deh)->deh_state))
+#define mark_de_without_sd(deh)     clear_bit_unaligned (DEH_Statdata, &((deh)->deh_state))
+#define mark_de_visible(deh)       set_bit_unaligned (DEH_Visible, &((deh)->deh_state))
+#define mark_de_hidden(deh)        clear_bit_unaligned (DEH_Visible, &((deh)->deh_state))
+
+#define de_with_sd(deh)                    test_bit_unaligned (DEH_Statdata, &((deh)->deh_state))
+#define de_visible(deh)                    test_bit_unaligned (DEH_Visible, &((deh)->deh_state))
+#define de_hidden(deh)             !test_bit_unaligned (DEH_Visible, &((deh)->deh_state))
+
+extern void make_empty_dir_item_v1(char *body, __le32 dirid, __le32 objid,
+                                  __le32 par_dirid, __le32 par_objid);
+extern void make_empty_dir_item(char *body, __le32 dirid, __le32 objid,
+                               __le32 par_dirid, __le32 par_objid);
+
+/* two entries per block (at least) */
+#define REISERFS_MAX_NAME(block_size) 255
+
+/*
+ * this structure is used for operations on directory entries. It is
+ * not a disk structure.
+ *
+ * When reiserfs_find_entry or search_by_entry_key find directory
+ * entry, they return filled reiserfs_dir_entry structure
+ */
+struct reiserfs_dir_entry {
+       struct buffer_head *de_bh;
+       int de_item_num;
+       struct item_head *de_ih;
+       int de_entry_num;
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *de_deh;
+       int de_entrylen;
+       int de_namelen;
+       char *de_name;
+       unsigned long *de_gen_number_bit_string;
+
+       __u32 de_dir_id;
+       __u32 de_objectid;
+
+       struct cpu_key de_entry_key;
+};
+
+/*
+ * these defines are useful when a particular member of
+ * a reiserfs_dir_entry is needed
+ */
+
+/* pointer to file name, stored in entry */
+#define B_I_DEH_ENTRY_FILE_NAME(bh, ih, deh) \
+                               (ih_item_body(bh, ih) + deh_location(deh))
+
+/* length of name */
+#define I_DEH_N_ENTRY_FILE_NAME_LENGTH(ih,deh,entry_num) \
+(I_DEH_N_ENTRY_LENGTH (ih, deh, entry_num) - (de_with_sd (deh) ? SD_SIZE : 0))
+
+/* hash value occupies bits from 7 up to 30 */
+#define GET_HASH_VALUE(offset) ((offset) & 0x7fffff80LL)
+/* generation number occupies 7 bits starting from 0 up to 6 */
+#define GET_GENERATION_NUMBER(offset) ((offset) & 0x7fLL)
+#define MAX_GENERATION_NUMBER  127
+
+#define SET_GENERATION_NUMBER(offset,gen_number) (GET_HASH_VALUE(offset)|(gen_number))
+
+/*
+ * Picture represents an internal node of the reiserfs tree
+ *  ______________________________________________________
+ * |      |  Array of     |  Array of         |  Free     |
+ * |block |    keys       |  pointers         | space     |
+ * | head |      N        |      N+1          |           |
+ * |______|_______________|___________________|___________|
+ */
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                      DISK CHILD                                         *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+/*
+ * Disk child pointer:
+ * The pointer from an internal node of the tree to a node that is on disk.
+ */
+struct disk_child {
+       __le32 dc_block_number; /* Disk child's block number. */
+       __le16 dc_size;         /* Disk child's used space.   */
+       __le16 dc_reserved;
+};
+
+#define DC_SIZE (sizeof(struct disk_child))
+#define dc_block_number(dc_p)  (le32_to_cpu((dc_p)->dc_block_number))
+#define dc_size(dc_p)          (le16_to_cpu((dc_p)->dc_size))
+#define put_dc_block_number(dc_p, val)   do { (dc_p)->dc_block_number = cpu_to_le32(val); } while(0)
+#define put_dc_size(dc_p, val)   do { (dc_p)->dc_size = cpu_to_le16(val); } while(0)
+
+/* Get disk child by buffer header and position in the tree node. */
+#define B_N_CHILD(bh, n_pos)  ((struct disk_child *)\
+((bh)->b_data + BLKH_SIZE + B_NR_ITEMS(bh) * KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE * (n_pos)))
+
+/* Get disk child number by buffer header and position in the tree node. */
+#define B_N_CHILD_NUM(bh, n_pos) (dc_block_number(B_N_CHILD(bh, n_pos)))
+#define PUT_B_N_CHILD_NUM(bh, n_pos, val) \
+                               (put_dc_block_number(B_N_CHILD(bh, n_pos), val))
+
+ /* maximal value of field child_size in structure disk_child */
+ /* child size is the combined size of all items and their headers */
+#define MAX_CHILD_SIZE(bh) ((int)( (bh)->b_size - BLKH_SIZE ))
+
+/* amount of used space in buffer (not including block head) */
+#define B_CHILD_SIZE(cur) (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(cur)-(B_FREE_SPACE(cur)))
+
+/* max and min number of keys in internal node */
+#define MAX_NR_KEY(bh) ( (MAX_CHILD_SIZE(bh)-DC_SIZE)/(KEY_SIZE+DC_SIZE) )
+#define MIN_NR_KEY(bh)    (MAX_NR_KEY(bh)/2)
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                      PATH STRUCTURES AND DEFINES                        *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * search_by_key fills up the path from the root to the leaf as it descends
+ * the tree looking for the key.  It uses reiserfs_bread to try to find
+ * buffers in the cache given their block number.  If it does not find
+ * them in the cache it reads them from disk.  For each node search_by_key
+ * finds using reiserfs_bread it then uses bin_search to look through that
+ * node.  bin_search will find the position of the block_number of the next
+ * node if it is looking through an internal node.  If it is looking through
+ * a leaf node bin_search will find the position of the item which has key
+ * either equal to given key, or which is the maximal key less than the
+ * given key.
+ */
+
+struct path_element {
+       /* Pointer to the buffer at the path in the tree. */
+       struct buffer_head *pe_buffer;
+       /* Position in the tree node which is placed in the buffer above. */
+       int pe_position;
+};
+
+/*
+ * maximal height of a tree. don't change this without
+ * changing JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT
+ */
+#define MAX_HEIGHT 5
+
+/* Must be equals MAX_HEIGHT + FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET */
+#define EXTENDED_MAX_HEIGHT         7
+
+/* Must be equal to at least 2. */
+#define FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET   2
+
+/* Must be equal to FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET - 1 */
+#define ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET 1
+
+/* this MUST be MAX_HEIGHT + 1. See about FEB below */
+#define MAX_FEB_SIZE 6
+
+/*
+ * We need to keep track of who the ancestors of nodes are.  When we
+ * perform a search we record which nodes were visited while
+ * descending the tree looking for the node we searched for. This list
+ * of nodes is called the path.  This information is used while
+ * performing balancing.  Note that this path information may become
+ * invalid, and this means we must check it when using it to see if it
+ * is still valid. You'll need to read search_by_key and the comments
+ * in it, especially about decrement_counters_in_path(), to understand
+ * this structure.
+ *
+ * Paths make the code so much harder to work with and debug.... An
+ * enormous number of bugs are due to them, and trying to write or modify
+ * code that uses them just makes my head hurt.  They are based on an
+ * excessive effort to avoid disturbing the precious VFS code.:-( The
+ * gods only know how we are going to SMP the code that uses them.
+ * znodes are the way!
+ */
+
+#define PATH_READA     0x1     /* do read ahead */
+#define PATH_READA_BACK 0x2    /* read backwards */
+
+struct treepath {
+       int path_length;        /* Length of the array above.   */
+       int reada;
+       /* Array of the path elements.  */
+       struct path_element path_elements[EXTENDED_MAX_HEIGHT];
+       int pos_in_item;
+};
+
+#define pos_in_item(path) ((path)->pos_in_item)
+
+#define INITIALIZE_PATH(var) \
+struct treepath var = {.path_length = ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET, .reada = 0,}
+
+/* Get path element by path and path position. */
+#define PATH_OFFSET_PELEMENT(path, n_offset)  ((path)->path_elements + (n_offset))
+
+/* Get buffer header at the path by path and path position. */
+#define PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, n_offset)   (PATH_OFFSET_PELEMENT(path, n_offset)->pe_buffer)
+
+/* Get position in the element at the path by path and path position. */
+#define PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(path, n_offset) (PATH_OFFSET_PELEMENT(path, n_offset)->pe_position)
+
+#define PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path) (PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER((path), (path)->path_length))
+
+/*
+ * you know, to the person who didn't write this the macro name does not
+ * at first suggest what it does.  Maybe POSITION_FROM_PATH_END? Or
+ * maybe we should just focus on dumping paths... -Hans
+ */
+#define PATH_LAST_POSITION(path) (PATH_OFFSET_POSITION((path), (path)->path_length))
+
+/*
+ * in do_balance leaf has h == 0 in contrast with path structure,
+ * where root has level == 0. That is why we need these defines
+ */
+
+/* tb->S[h] */
+#define PATH_H_PBUFFER(path, h) \
+                       PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, path->path_length - (h))
+
+/* tb->F[h] or tb->S[0]->b_parent */
+#define PATH_H_PPARENT(path, h) PATH_H_PBUFFER(path, (h) + 1)
+
+#define PATH_H_POSITION(path, h) \
+                       PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(path, path->path_length - (h))
+
+/* tb->S[h]->b_item_order */
+#define PATH_H_B_ITEM_ORDER(path, h) PATH_H_POSITION(path, h + 1)
+
+#define PATH_H_PATH_OFFSET(path, n_h) ((path)->path_length - (n_h))
+
+static inline void *reiserfs_node_data(const struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       return bh->b_data + sizeof(struct block_head);
+}
+
+/* get key from internal node */
+static inline struct reiserfs_key *internal_key(struct buffer_head *bh,
+                                               int item_num)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_key *key = reiserfs_node_data(bh);
+
+       return &key[item_num];
+}
+
+/* get the item header from leaf node */
+static inline struct item_head *item_head(const struct buffer_head *bh,
+                                         int item_num)
+{
+       struct item_head *ih = reiserfs_node_data(bh);
+
+       return &ih[item_num];
+}
+
+/* get the key from leaf node */
+static inline struct reiserfs_key *leaf_key(const struct buffer_head *bh,
+                                           int item_num)
+{
+       return &item_head(bh, item_num)->ih_key;
+}
+
+static inline void *ih_item_body(const struct buffer_head *bh,
+                                const struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       return bh->b_data + ih_location(ih);
+}
+
+/* get item body from leaf node */
+static inline void *item_body(const struct buffer_head *bh, int item_num)
+{
+       return ih_item_body(bh, item_head(bh, item_num));
+}
+
+static inline struct item_head *tp_item_head(const struct treepath *path)
+{
+       return item_head(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path), PATH_LAST_POSITION(path));
+}
+
+static inline void *tp_item_body(const struct treepath *path)
+{
+       return item_body(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path), PATH_LAST_POSITION(path));
+}
+
+#define get_last_bh(path) PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path)
+#define get_item_pos(path) PATH_LAST_POSITION(path)
+#define item_moved(ih,path) comp_items(ih, path)
+#define path_changed(ih,path) comp_items (ih, path)
+
+/* array of the entry headers */
+ /* get item body */
+#define B_I_DEH(bh, ih) ((struct reiserfs_de_head *)(ih_item_body(bh, ih)))
+
+/*
+ * length of the directory entry in directory item. This define
+ * calculates length of i-th directory entry using directory entry
+ * locations from dir entry head. When it calculates length of 0-th
+ * directory entry, it uses length of whole item in place of entry
+ * location of the non-existent following entry in the calculation.
+ * See picture above.
+ */
+static inline int entry_length(const struct buffer_head *bh,
+                              const struct item_head *ih, int pos_in_item)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+
+       deh = B_I_DEH(bh, ih) + pos_in_item;
+       if (pos_in_item)
+               return deh_location(deh - 1) - deh_location(deh);
+
+       return ih_item_len(ih) - deh_location(deh);
+}
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                       MISC                                              *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+/* Size of pointer to the unformatted node. */
+#define UNFM_P_SIZE (sizeof(unp_t))
+#define UNFM_P_SHIFT 2
+
+/* in in-core inode key is stored on le form */
+#define INODE_PKEY(inode) ((struct reiserfs_key *)(REISERFS_I(inode)->i_key))
+
+#define MAX_UL_INT 0xffffffff
+#define MAX_INT    0x7ffffff
+#define MAX_US_INT 0xffff
+
+// reiserfs version 2 has max offset 60 bits. Version 1 - 32 bit offset
+static inline loff_t max_reiserfs_offset(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       if (get_inode_item_key_version(inode) == KEY_FORMAT_3_5)
+               return (loff_t) U32_MAX;
+
+       return (loff_t) ((~(__u64) 0) >> 4);
+}
+
+#define MAX_KEY_OBJECTID       MAX_UL_INT
+
+#define MAX_B_NUM  MAX_UL_INT
+#define MAX_FC_NUM MAX_US_INT
+
+/* the purpose is to detect overflow of an unsigned short */
+#define REISERFS_LINK_MAX (MAX_US_INT - 1000)
+
+/*
+ * The following defines are used in reiserfs_insert_item
+ * and reiserfs_append_item
+ */
+#define REISERFS_KERNEL_MEM            0       /* kernel memory mode */
+#define REISERFS_USER_MEM              1       /* user memory mode */
+
+#define fs_generation(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_generation_counter)
+#define get_generation(s) atomic_read (&fs_generation(s))
+#define FILESYSTEM_CHANGED_TB(tb)  (get_generation((tb)->tb_sb) != (tb)->fs_gen)
+#define __fs_changed(gen,s) (gen != get_generation (s))
+#define fs_changed(gen,s)              \
+({                                     \
+       reiserfs_cond_resched(s);       \
+       __fs_changed(gen, s);           \
+})
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                  FIXATE NODES                                           *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+#define VI_TYPE_LEFT_MERGEABLE 1
+#define VI_TYPE_RIGHT_MERGEABLE 2
+
+/*
+ * To make any changes in the tree we always first find node, that
+ * contains item to be changed/deleted or place to insert a new
+ * item. We call this node S. To do balancing we need to decide what
+ * we will shift to left/right neighbor, or to a new node, where new
+ * item will be etc. To make this analysis simpler we build virtual
+ * node. Virtual node is an array of items, that will replace items of
+ * node S. (For instance if we are going to delete an item, virtual
+ * node does not contain it). Virtual node keeps information about
+ * item sizes and types, mergeability of first and last items, sizes
+ * of all entries in directory item. We use this array of items when
+ * calculating what we can shift to neighbors and how many nodes we
+ * have to have if we do not any shiftings, if we shift to left/right
+ * neighbor or to both.
+ */
+struct virtual_item {
+       int vi_index;           /* index in the array of item operations */
+       unsigned short vi_type; /* left/right mergeability */
+
+       /* length of item that it will have after balancing */
+       unsigned short vi_item_len;
+
+       struct item_head *vi_ih;
+       const char *vi_item;    /* body of item (old or new) */
+       const void *vi_new_data;        /* 0 always but paste mode */
+       void *vi_uarea;         /* item specific area */
+};
+
+struct virtual_node {
+       /* this is a pointer to the free space in the buffer */
+       char *vn_free_ptr;
+
+       unsigned short vn_nr_item;      /* number of items in virtual node */
+
+       /*
+        * size of node , that node would have if it has
+        * unlimited size and no balancing is performed
+        */
+       short vn_size;
+
+       /* mode of balancing (paste, insert, delete, cut) */
+       short vn_mode;
+
+       short vn_affected_item_num;
+       short vn_pos_in_item;
+
+       /* item header of inserted item, 0 for other modes */
+       struct item_head *vn_ins_ih;
+       const void *vn_data;
+
+       /* array of items (including a new one, excluding item to be deleted) */
+       struct virtual_item *vn_vi;
+};
+
+/* used by directory items when creating virtual nodes */
+struct direntry_uarea {
+       int flags;
+       __u16 entry_count;
+       __u16 entry_sizes[];
+} __attribute__ ((__packed__));
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                  TREE BALANCE                                           *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+/*
+ * This temporary structure is used in tree balance algorithms, and
+ * constructed as we go to the extent that its various parts are
+ * needed.  It contains arrays of nodes that can potentially be
+ * involved in the balancing of node S, and parameters that define how
+ * each of the nodes must be balanced.  Note that in these algorithms
+ * for balancing the worst case is to need to balance the current node
+ * S and the left and right neighbors and all of their parents plus
+ * create a new node.  We implement S1 balancing for the leaf nodes
+ * and S0 balancing for the internal nodes (S1 and S0 are defined in
+ * our papers.)
+ */
+
+/* size of the array of buffers to free at end of do_balance */
+#define MAX_FREE_BLOCK 7
+
+/* maximum number of FEB blocknrs on a single level */
+#define MAX_AMOUNT_NEEDED 2
+
+/* someday somebody will prefix every field in this struct with tb_ */
+struct tree_balance {
+       int tb_mode;
+       int need_balance_dirty;
+       struct super_block *tb_sb;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *transaction_handle;
+       struct treepath *tb_path;
+
+       /* array of left neighbors of nodes in the path */
+       struct buffer_head *L[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /* array of right neighbors of nodes in the path */
+       struct buffer_head *R[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /* array of fathers of the left neighbors */
+       struct buffer_head *FL[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /* array of fathers of the right neighbors */
+       struct buffer_head *FR[MAX_HEIGHT];
+       /* array of common parents of center node and its left neighbor */
+       struct buffer_head *CFL[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /* array of common parents of center node and its right neighbor */
+       struct buffer_head *CFR[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /*
+        * array of empty buffers. Number of buffers in array equals
+        * cur_blknum.
+        */
+       struct buffer_head *FEB[MAX_FEB_SIZE];
+       struct buffer_head *used[MAX_FEB_SIZE];
+       struct buffer_head *thrown[MAX_FEB_SIZE];
+
+       /*
+        * array of number of items which must be shifted to the left in
+        * order to balance the current node; for leaves includes item that
+        * will be partially shifted; for internal nodes, it is the number
+        * of child pointers rather than items. It includes the new item
+        * being created. The code sometimes subtracts one to get the
+        * number of wholly shifted items for other purposes.
+        */
+       int lnum[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /* substitute right for left in comment above */
+       int rnum[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /*
+        * array indexed by height h mapping the key delimiting L[h] and
+        * S[h] to its item number within the node CFL[h]
+        */
+       int lkey[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /* substitute r for l in comment above */
+       int rkey[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /*
+        * the number of bytes by we are trying to add or remove from
+        * S[h]. A negative value means removing.
+        */
+       int insert_size[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /*
+        * number of nodes that will replace node S[h] after balancing
+        * on the level h of the tree.  If 0 then S is being deleted,
+        * if 1 then S is remaining and no new nodes are being created,
+        * if 2 or 3 then 1 or 2 new nodes is being created
+        */
+       int blknum[MAX_HEIGHT];
+
+       /* fields that are used only for balancing leaves of the tree */
+
+       /* number of empty blocks having been already allocated */
+       int cur_blknum;
+
+       /* number of items that fall into left most node when S[0] splits */
+       int s0num;
+
+       /*
+        * number of bytes which can flow to the left neighbor from the left
+        * most liquid item that cannot be shifted from S[0] entirely
+        * if -1 then nothing will be partially shifted
+        */
+       int lbytes;
+
+       /*
+        * number of bytes which will flow to the right neighbor from the right
+        * most liquid item that cannot be shifted from S[0] entirely
+        * if -1 then nothing will be partially shifted
+        */
+       int rbytes;
+
+
+       /*
+        * index into the array of item headers in
+        * S[0] of the affected item
+        */
+       int item_pos;
+
+       /* new nodes allocated to hold what could not fit into S */
+       struct buffer_head *S_new[2];
+
+       /*
+        * number of items that will be placed into nodes in S_new
+        * when S[0] splits
+        */
+       int snum[2];
+
+       /*
+        * number of bytes which flow to nodes in S_new when S[0] splits
+        * note: if S[0] splits into 3 nodes, then items do not need to be cut
+        */
+       int sbytes[2];
+
+       int pos_in_item;
+       int zeroes_num;
+
+       /*
+        * buffers which are to be freed after do_balance finishes
+        * by unfix_nodes
+        */
+       struct buffer_head *buf_to_free[MAX_FREE_BLOCK];
+
+       /*
+        * kmalloced memory. Used to create virtual node and keep
+        * map of dirtied bitmap blocks
+        */
+       char *vn_buf;
+
+       int vn_buf_size;        /* size of the vn_buf */
+
+       /* VN starts after bitmap of bitmap blocks */
+       struct virtual_node *tb_vn;
+
+       /*
+        * saved value of `reiserfs_generation' counter see
+        * FILESYSTEM_CHANGED() macro in reiserfs_fs.h
+        */
+       int fs_gen;
+
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+       /*
+        * key pointer, to pass to block allocator or
+        * another low-level subsystem
+        */
+       struct in_core_key key;
+#endif
+};
+
+/* These are modes of balancing */
+
+/* When inserting an item. */
+#define M_INSERT       'i'
+/*
+ * When inserting into (directories only) or appending onto an already
+ * existent item.
+ */
+#define M_PASTE                'p'
+/* When deleting an item. */
+#define M_DELETE       'd'
+/* When truncating an item or removing an entry from a (directory) item. */
+#define M_CUT          'c'
+
+/* used when balancing on leaf level skipped (in reiserfsck) */
+#define M_INTERNAL     'n'
+
+/*
+ * When further balancing is not needed, then do_balance does not need
+ * to be called.
+ */
+#define M_SKIP_BALANCING               's'
+#define M_CONVERT      'v'
+
+/* modes of leaf_move_items */
+#define LEAF_FROM_S_TO_L 0
+#define LEAF_FROM_S_TO_R 1
+#define LEAF_FROM_R_TO_L 2
+#define LEAF_FROM_L_TO_R 3
+#define LEAF_FROM_S_TO_SNEW 4
+
+#define FIRST_TO_LAST 0
+#define LAST_TO_FIRST 1
+
+/*
+ * used in do_balance for passing parent of node information that has
+ * been gotten from tb struct
+ */
+struct buffer_info {
+       struct tree_balance *tb;
+       struct buffer_head *bi_bh;
+       struct buffer_head *bi_parent;
+       int bi_position;
+};
+
+static inline struct super_block *sb_from_tb(struct tree_balance *tb)
+{
+       return tb ? tb->tb_sb : NULL;
+}
+
+static inline struct super_block *sb_from_bi(struct buffer_info *bi)
+{
+       return bi ? sb_from_tb(bi->tb) : NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * there are 4 types of items: stat data, directory item, indirect, direct.
+ * +-------------------+------------+--------------+------------+
+ * |                   |  k_offset  | k_uniqueness | mergeable? |
+ * +-------------------+------------+--------------+------------+
+ * |     stat data     |     0      |      0       |   no       |
+ * +-------------------+------------+--------------+------------+
+ * | 1st directory item| DOT_OFFSET | DIRENTRY_ .. |   no       |
+ * | non 1st directory | hash value | UNIQUENESS   |   yes      |
+ * |     item          |            |              |            |
+ * +-------------------+------------+--------------+------------+
+ * | indirect item     | offset + 1 |TYPE_INDIRECT |    [1]    |
+ * +-------------------+------------+--------------+------------+
+ * | direct item       | offset + 1 |TYPE_DIRECT   |    [2]     |
+ * +-------------------+------------+--------------+------------+
+ *
+ * [1] if this is not the first indirect item of the object
+ * [2] if this is not the first direct item of the object
+*/
+
+struct item_operations {
+       int (*bytes_number) (struct item_head * ih, int block_size);
+       void (*decrement_key) (struct cpu_key *);
+       int (*is_left_mergeable) (struct reiserfs_key * ih,
+                                 unsigned long bsize);
+       void (*print_item) (struct item_head *, char *item);
+       void (*check_item) (struct item_head *, char *item);
+
+       int (*create_vi) (struct virtual_node * vn, struct virtual_item * vi,
+                         int is_affected, int insert_size);
+       int (*check_left) (struct virtual_item * vi, int free,
+                          int start_skip, int end_skip);
+       int (*check_right) (struct virtual_item * vi, int free);
+       int (*part_size) (struct virtual_item * vi, int from, int to);
+       int (*unit_num) (struct virtual_item * vi);
+       void (*print_vi) (struct virtual_item * vi);
+};
+
+extern struct item_operations *item_ops[TYPE_ANY + 1];
+
+#define op_bytes_number(ih,bsize)                    item_ops[le_ih_k_type (ih)]->bytes_number (ih, bsize)
+#define op_is_left_mergeable(key,bsize)              item_ops[le_key_k_type (le_key_version (key), key)]->is_left_mergeable (key, bsize)
+#define op_print_item(ih,item)                       item_ops[le_ih_k_type (ih)]->print_item (ih, item)
+#define op_check_item(ih,item)                       item_ops[le_ih_k_type (ih)]->check_item (ih, item)
+#define op_create_vi(vn,vi,is_affected,insert_size)  item_ops[le_ih_k_type ((vi)->vi_ih)]->create_vi (vn,vi,is_affected,insert_size)
+#define op_check_left(vi,free,start_skip,end_skip) item_ops[(vi)->vi_index]->check_left (vi, free, start_skip, end_skip)
+#define op_check_right(vi,free)                      item_ops[(vi)->vi_index]->check_right (vi, free)
+#define op_part_size(vi,from,to)                     item_ops[(vi)->vi_index]->part_size (vi, from, to)
+#define op_unit_num(vi)                                     item_ops[(vi)->vi_index]->unit_num (vi)
+#define op_print_vi(vi)                              item_ops[(vi)->vi_index]->print_vi (vi)
+
+#define COMP_SHORT_KEYS comp_short_keys
+
+/* number of blocks pointed to by the indirect item */
+#define I_UNFM_NUM(ih) (ih_item_len(ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE)
+
+/*
+ * the used space within the unformatted node corresponding
+ * to pos within the item pointed to by ih
+ */
+#define I_POS_UNFM_SIZE(ih,pos,size) (((pos) == I_UNFM_NUM(ih) - 1 ) ? (size) - ih_free_space(ih) : (size))
+
+/*
+ * number of bytes contained by the direct item or the
+ * unformatted nodes the indirect item points to
+ */
+
+/* following defines use reiserfs buffer header and item header */
+
+/* get stat-data */
+#define B_I_STAT_DATA(bh, ih) ( (struct stat_data * )((bh)->b_data + ih_location(ih)) )
+
+/* this is 3976 for size==4096 */
+#define MAX_DIRECT_ITEM_LEN(size) ((size) - BLKH_SIZE - 2*IH_SIZE - SD_SIZE - UNFM_P_SIZE)
+
+/*
+ * indirect items consist of entries which contain blocknrs, pos
+ * indicates which entry, and B_I_POS_UNFM_POINTER resolves to the
+ * blocknr contained by the entry pos points to
+ */
+#define B_I_POS_UNFM_POINTER(bh, ih, pos)                              \
+       le32_to_cpu(*(((unp_t *)ih_item_body(bh, ih)) + (pos)))
+#define PUT_B_I_POS_UNFM_POINTER(bh, ih, pos, val)                     \
+       (*(((unp_t *)ih_item_body(bh, ih)) + (pos)) = cpu_to_le32(val))
+
+struct reiserfs_iget_args {
+       __u32 objectid;
+       __u32 dirid;
+};
+
+/***************************************************************************
+ *                    FUNCTION DECLARATIONS                                *
+ ***************************************************************************/
+
+#define get_journal_desc_magic(bh) (bh->b_data + bh->b_size - 12)
+
+#define journal_trans_half(blocksize) \
+       ((blocksize - sizeof(struct reiserfs_journal_desc) - 12) / sizeof(__u32))
+
+/* journal.c see journal.c for all the comments here */
+
+/* first block written in a commit.  */
+struct reiserfs_journal_desc {
+       __le32 j_trans_id;      /* id of commit */
+
+       /* length of commit. len +1 is the commit block */
+       __le32 j_len;
+
+       __le32 j_mount_id;      /* mount id of this trans */
+       __le32 j_realblock[];   /* real locations for each block */
+};
+
+#define get_desc_trans_id(d)   le32_to_cpu((d)->j_trans_id)
+#define get_desc_trans_len(d)  le32_to_cpu((d)->j_len)
+#define get_desc_mount_id(d)   le32_to_cpu((d)->j_mount_id)
+
+#define set_desc_trans_id(d,val)       do { (d)->j_trans_id = cpu_to_le32 (val); } while (0)
+#define set_desc_trans_len(d,val)      do { (d)->j_len = cpu_to_le32 (val); } while (0)
+#define set_desc_mount_id(d,val)       do { (d)->j_mount_id = cpu_to_le32 (val); } while (0)
+
+/* last block written in a commit */
+struct reiserfs_journal_commit {
+       __le32 j_trans_id;      /* must match j_trans_id from the desc block */
+       __le32 j_len;           /* ditto */
+       __le32 j_realblock[];   /* real locations for each block */
+};
+
+#define get_commit_trans_id(c) le32_to_cpu((c)->j_trans_id)
+#define get_commit_trans_len(c)        le32_to_cpu((c)->j_len)
+#define get_commit_mount_id(c) le32_to_cpu((c)->j_mount_id)
+
+#define set_commit_trans_id(c,val)     do { (c)->j_trans_id = cpu_to_le32 (val); } while (0)
+#define set_commit_trans_len(c,val)    do { (c)->j_len = cpu_to_le32 (val); } while (0)
+
+/*
+ * this header block gets written whenever a transaction is considered
+ * fully flushed, and is more recent than the last fully flushed transaction.
+ * fully flushed means all the log blocks and all the real blocks are on
+ * disk, and this transaction does not need to be replayed.
+ */
+struct reiserfs_journal_header {
+       /* id of last fully flushed transaction */
+       __le32 j_last_flush_trans_id;
+
+       /* offset in the log of where to start replay after a crash */
+       __le32 j_first_unflushed_offset;
+
+       __le32 j_mount_id;
+       /* 12 */ struct journal_params jh_journal;
+};
+
+/* biggest tunable defines are right here */
+#define JOURNAL_BLOCK_COUNT 8192       /* number of blocks in the journal */
+
+/* biggest possible single transaction, don't change for now (8/3/99) */
+#define JOURNAL_TRANS_MAX_DEFAULT 1024
+#define JOURNAL_TRANS_MIN_DEFAULT 256
+
+/*
+ * max blocks to batch into one transaction,
+ * don't make this any bigger than 900
+ */
+#define JOURNAL_MAX_BATCH_DEFAULT   900
+#define JOURNAL_MIN_RATIO 2
+#define JOURNAL_MAX_COMMIT_AGE 30
+#define JOURNAL_MAX_TRANS_AGE 30
+#define JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT (3 * (MAX_HEIGHT-2) + 9)
+#define JOURNAL_BLOCKS_PER_OBJECT(sb)  (JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 3 + \
+                                        2 * (REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(sb) + \
+                                             REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(sb)))
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+#define REISERFS_QUOTA_OPTS ((1 << REISERFS_USRQUOTA) | (1 << REISERFS_GRPQUOTA))
+/* We need to update data and inode (atime) */
+#define REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & REISERFS_QUOTA_OPTS ? 2 : 0)
+/* 1 balancing, 1 bitmap, 1 data per write + stat data update */
+#define REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & REISERFS_QUOTA_OPTS ? \
+(DQUOT_INIT_ALLOC*(JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT+2)+DQUOT_INIT_REWRITE+1) : 0)
+/* same as with INIT */
+#define REISERFS_QUOTA_DEL_BLOCKS(s) (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt & REISERFS_QUOTA_OPTS ? \
+(DQUOT_DEL_ALLOC*(JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT+2)+DQUOT_DEL_REWRITE+1) : 0)
+#else
+#define REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(s) 0
+#define REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(s) 0
+#define REISERFS_QUOTA_DEL_BLOCKS(s) 0
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * both of these can be as low as 1, or as high as you want.  The min is the
+ * number of 4k bitmap nodes preallocated on mount. New nodes are allocated
+ * as needed, and released when transactions are committed.  On release, if
+ * the current number of nodes is > max, the node is freed, otherwise,
+ * it is put on a free list for faster use later.
+*/
+#define REISERFS_MIN_BITMAP_NODES 10
+#define REISERFS_MAX_BITMAP_NODES 100
+
+/* these are based on journal hash size of 8192 */
+#define JBH_HASH_SHIFT 13
+#define JBH_HASH_MASK 8191
+
+#define _jhashfn(sb,block)     \
+       (((unsigned long)sb>>L1_CACHE_SHIFT) ^ \
+        (((block)<<(JBH_HASH_SHIFT - 6)) ^ ((block) >> 13) ^ ((block) << (JBH_HASH_SHIFT - 12))))
+#define journal_hash(t,sb,block) ((t)[_jhashfn((sb),(block)) & JBH_HASH_MASK])
+
+/* We need these to make journal.c code more readable */
+#define journal_find_get_block(s, block) __find_get_block(\
+               file_bdev(SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_bdev_file), block, s->s_blocksize)
+#define journal_getblk(s, block) __getblk(file_bdev(SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_bdev_file),\
+               block, s->s_blocksize)
+#define journal_bread(s, block) __bread(file_bdev(SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_bdev_file),\
+               block, s->s_blocksize)
+
+enum reiserfs_bh_state_bits {
+       BH_JDirty = BH_PrivateStart,    /* buffer is in current transaction */
+       BH_JDirty_wait,
+       /*
+        * disk block was taken off free list before being in a
+        * finished transaction, or written to disk. Can be reused immed.
+        */
+       BH_JNew,
+       BH_JPrepared,
+       BH_JRestore_dirty,
+       BH_JTest,               /* debugging only will go away */
+};
+
+BUFFER_FNS(JDirty, journaled);
+TAS_BUFFER_FNS(JDirty, journaled);
+BUFFER_FNS(JDirty_wait, journal_dirty);
+TAS_BUFFER_FNS(JDirty_wait, journal_dirty);
+BUFFER_FNS(JNew, journal_new);
+TAS_BUFFER_FNS(JNew, journal_new);
+BUFFER_FNS(JPrepared, journal_prepared);
+TAS_BUFFER_FNS(JPrepared, journal_prepared);
+BUFFER_FNS(JRestore_dirty, journal_restore_dirty);
+TAS_BUFFER_FNS(JRestore_dirty, journal_restore_dirty);
+BUFFER_FNS(JTest, journal_test);
+TAS_BUFFER_FNS(JTest, journal_test);
+
+/* transaction handle which is passed around for all journal calls */
+struct reiserfs_transaction_handle {
+       /*
+        * super for this FS when journal_begin was called. saves calls to
+        * reiserfs_get_super also used by nested transactions to make
+        * sure they are nesting on the right FS _must_ be first
+        * in the handle
+        */
+       struct super_block *t_super;
+
+       int t_refcount;
+       int t_blocks_logged;    /* number of blocks this writer has logged */
+       int t_blocks_allocated; /* number of blocks this writer allocated */
+
+       /* sanity check, equals the current trans id */
+       unsigned int t_trans_id;
+
+       void *t_handle_save;    /* save existing current->journal_info */
+
+       /*
+        * if new block allocation occurres, that block
+        * should be displaced from others
+        */
+       unsigned displace_new_blocks:1;
+
+       struct list_head t_list;
+};
+
+/*
+ * used to keep track of ordered and tail writes, attached to the buffer
+ * head through b_journal_head.
+ */
+struct reiserfs_jh {
+       struct reiserfs_journal_list *jl;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct list_head list;
+};
+
+void reiserfs_free_jh(struct buffer_head *bh);
+int reiserfs_add_tail_list(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh);
+int reiserfs_add_ordered_list(struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *bh);
+int journal_mark_dirty(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *,
+                      struct buffer_head *bh);
+
+static inline int reiserfs_file_data_log(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       if (reiserfs_data_log(inode->i_sb) ||
+           (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_data_log))
+               return 1;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int reiserfs_transaction_running(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th = current->journal_info;
+       if (th && th->t_super == s)
+               return 1;
+       if (th && th->t_super == NULL)
+               BUG();
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int reiserfs_transaction_free_space(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th)
+{
+       return th->t_blocks_allocated - th->t_blocks_logged;
+}
+
+struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *reiserfs_persistent_transaction(struct
+                                                                   super_block
+                                                                   *,
+                                                                   int count);
+int reiserfs_end_persistent_transaction(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *);
+void reiserfs_vfs_truncate_file(struct inode *inode);
+int reiserfs_commit_page(struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
+                        unsigned from, unsigned to);
+void reiserfs_flush_old_commits(struct super_block *);
+int reiserfs_commit_for_inode(struct inode *);
+int reiserfs_inode_needs_commit(struct inode *);
+void reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(struct inode *);
+void reiserfs_wait_on_write_block(struct super_block *s);
+void reiserfs_block_writes(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th);
+void reiserfs_allow_writes(struct super_block *s);
+void reiserfs_check_lock_depth(struct super_block *s, char *caller);
+int reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(struct super_block *, struct buffer_head *bh,
+                                int wait);
+void reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(struct super_block *,
+                                     struct buffer_head *bh);
+int journal_init(struct super_block *, const char *j_dev_name, int old_format,
+                unsigned int);
+int journal_release(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *, struct super_block *);
+int journal_release_error(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *,
+                         struct super_block *);
+int journal_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *);
+int journal_end_sync(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *);
+int journal_mark_freed(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *,
+                      struct super_block *, b_blocknr_t blocknr);
+int journal_transaction_should_end(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *, int);
+int reiserfs_in_journal(struct super_block *sb, unsigned int bmap_nr,
+                        int bit_nr, int searchall, b_blocknr_t *next);
+int journal_begin(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *,
+                 struct super_block *sb, unsigned long);
+int journal_join_abort(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *,
+                      struct super_block *sb);
+void reiserfs_abort_journal(struct super_block *sb, int errno);
+void reiserfs_abort(struct super_block *sb, int errno, const char *fmt, ...);
+int reiserfs_allocate_list_bitmaps(struct super_block *s,
+                                  struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *, unsigned int);
+
+void reiserfs_schedule_old_flush(struct super_block *s);
+void reiserfs_cancel_old_flush(struct super_block *s);
+void add_save_link(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                  struct inode *inode, int truncate);
+int remove_save_link(struct inode *inode, int truncate);
+
+/* objectid.c */
+__u32 reiserfs_get_unused_objectid(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th);
+void reiserfs_release_objectid(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                              __u32 objectid_to_release);
+int reiserfs_convert_objectid_map_v1(struct super_block *);
+
+/* stree.c */
+int B_IS_IN_TREE(const struct buffer_head *);
+extern void copy_item_head(struct item_head *to,
+                          const struct item_head *from);
+
+/* first key is in cpu form, second - le */
+extern int comp_short_keys(const struct reiserfs_key *le_key,
+                          const struct cpu_key *cpu_key);
+extern void le_key2cpu_key(struct cpu_key *to, const struct reiserfs_key *from);
+
+/* both are in le form */
+extern int comp_le_keys(const struct reiserfs_key *,
+                       const struct reiserfs_key *);
+extern int comp_short_le_keys(const struct reiserfs_key *,
+                             const struct reiserfs_key *);
+
+/* * get key version from on disk key - kludge */
+static inline int le_key_version(const struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       int type;
+
+       type = offset_v2_k_type(&(key->u.k_offset_v2));
+       if (type != TYPE_DIRECT && type != TYPE_INDIRECT
+           && type != TYPE_DIRENTRY)
+               return KEY_FORMAT_3_5;
+
+       return KEY_FORMAT_3_6;
+
+}
+
+static inline void copy_key(struct reiserfs_key *to,
+                           const struct reiserfs_key *from)
+{
+       memcpy(to, from, KEY_SIZE);
+}
+
+int comp_items(const struct item_head *stored_ih, const struct treepath *path);
+const struct reiserfs_key *get_rkey(const struct treepath *chk_path,
+                                   const struct super_block *sb);
+int search_by_key(struct super_block *, const struct cpu_key *,
+                 struct treepath *, int);
+#define search_item(s,key,path) search_by_key (s, key, path, DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL)
+int search_for_position_by_key(struct super_block *sb,
+                              const struct cpu_key *cpu_key,
+                              struct treepath *search_path);
+extern void decrement_bcount(struct buffer_head *bh);
+void decrement_counters_in_path(struct treepath *search_path);
+void pathrelse(struct treepath *search_path);
+int reiserfs_check_path(struct treepath *p);
+void pathrelse_and_restore(struct super_block *s, struct treepath *search_path);
+
+int reiserfs_insert_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                        struct treepath *path,
+                        const struct cpu_key *key,
+                        struct item_head *ih,
+                        struct inode *inode, const char *body);
+
+int reiserfs_paste_into_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                            struct treepath *path,
+                            const struct cpu_key *key,
+                            struct inode *inode,
+                            const char *body, int paste_size);
+
+int reiserfs_cut_from_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                          struct treepath *path,
+                          struct cpu_key *key,
+                          struct inode *inode,
+                          struct page *page, loff_t new_file_size);
+
+int reiserfs_delete_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                        struct treepath *path,
+                        const struct cpu_key *key,
+                        struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *un_bh);
+
+void reiserfs_delete_solid_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                               struct inode *inode, struct reiserfs_key *key);
+int reiserfs_delete_object(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                          struct inode *inode);
+int reiserfs_do_truncate(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                        struct inode *inode, struct page *,
+                        int update_timestamps);
+
+#define i_block_size(inode) ((inode)->i_sb->s_blocksize)
+#define file_size(inode) ((inode)->i_size)
+#define tail_size(inode) (file_size (inode) & (i_block_size (inode) - 1))
+
+#define tail_has_to_be_packed(inode) (have_large_tails ((inode)->i_sb)?\
+!STORE_TAIL_IN_UNFM_S1(file_size (inode), tail_size(inode), inode->i_sb->s_blocksize):have_small_tails ((inode)->i_sb)?!STORE_TAIL_IN_UNFM_S2(file_size (inode), tail_size(inode), inode->i_sb->s_blocksize):0 )
+
+void padd_item(char *item, int total_length, int length);
+
+/* inode.c */
+/* args for the create parameter of reiserfs_get_block */
+#define GET_BLOCK_NO_CREATE 0   /* don't create new blocks or convert tails */
+#define GET_BLOCK_CREATE 1      /* add anything you need to find block */
+#define GET_BLOCK_NO_HOLE 2     /* return -ENOENT for file holes */
+#define GET_BLOCK_READ_DIRECT 4         /* read the tail if indirect item not found */
+#define GET_BLOCK_NO_IMUX     8         /* i_mutex is not held, don't preallocate */
+#define GET_BLOCK_NO_DANGLE   16 /* don't leave any transactions running */
+
+void reiserfs_read_locked_inode(struct inode *inode,
+                               struct reiserfs_iget_args *args);
+int reiserfs_find_actor(struct inode *inode, void *p);
+int reiserfs_init_locked_inode(struct inode *inode, void *p);
+void reiserfs_evict_inode(struct inode *inode);
+int reiserfs_write_inode(struct inode *inode, struct writeback_control *wbc);
+int reiserfs_get_block(struct inode *inode, sector_t block,
+                      struct buffer_head *bh_result, int create);
+struct dentry *reiserfs_fh_to_dentry(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
+                                    int fh_len, int fh_type);
+struct dentry *reiserfs_fh_to_parent(struct super_block *sb, struct fid *fid,
+                                    int fh_len, int fh_type);
+int reiserfs_encode_fh(struct inode *inode, __u32 * data, int *lenp,
+                      struct inode *parent);
+
+int reiserfs_truncate_file(struct inode *, int update_timestamps);
+void make_cpu_key(struct cpu_key *cpu_key, struct inode *inode, loff_t offset,
+                 int type, int key_length);
+void make_le_item_head(struct item_head *ih, const struct cpu_key *key,
+                      int version,
+                      loff_t offset, int type, int length, int entry_count);
+struct inode *reiserfs_iget(struct super_block *s, const struct cpu_key *key);
+
+struct reiserfs_security_handle;
+int reiserfs_new_inode(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                      struct inode *dir, umode_t mode,
+                      const char *symname, loff_t i_size,
+                      struct dentry *dentry, struct inode *inode,
+                      struct reiserfs_security_handle *security);
+
+void reiserfs_update_sd_size(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                            struct inode *inode, loff_t size);
+
+static inline void reiserfs_update_sd(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                     struct inode *inode)
+{
+       reiserfs_update_sd_size(th, inode, inode->i_size);
+}
+
+void sd_attrs_to_i_attrs(__u16 sd_attrs, struct inode *inode);
+int reiserfs_setattr(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
+                    struct iattr *attr);
+
+int __reiserfs_write_begin(struct page *page, unsigned from, unsigned len);
+
+/* namei.c */
+void reiserfs_init_priv_inode(struct inode *inode);
+void set_de_name_and_namelen(struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de);
+int search_by_entry_key(struct super_block *sb, const struct cpu_key *key,
+                       struct treepath *path, struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de);
+struct dentry *reiserfs_get_parent(struct dentry *);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_PROC_INFO
+int reiserfs_proc_info_init(struct super_block *sb);
+int reiserfs_proc_info_done(struct super_block *sb);
+int reiserfs_proc_info_global_init(void);
+int reiserfs_proc_info_global_done(void);
+
+#define PROC_EXP( e )   e
+
+#define __PINFO( sb ) REISERFS_SB(sb) -> s_proc_info_data
+#define PROC_INFO_MAX( sb, field, value )                                                              \
+    __PINFO( sb ).field =                                                                                              \
+        max( REISERFS_SB( sb ) -> s_proc_info_data.field, value )
+#define PROC_INFO_INC( sb, field ) ( ++ ( __PINFO( sb ).field ) )
+#define PROC_INFO_ADD( sb, field, val ) ( __PINFO( sb ).field += ( val ) )
+#define PROC_INFO_BH_STAT( sb, bh, level )                                                     \
+    PROC_INFO_INC( sb, sbk_read_at[ ( level ) ] );                                             \
+    PROC_INFO_ADD( sb, free_at[ ( level ) ], B_FREE_SPACE( bh ) );     \
+    PROC_INFO_ADD( sb, items_at[ ( level ) ], B_NR_ITEMS( bh ) )
+#else
+static inline int reiserfs_proc_info_init(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int reiserfs_proc_info_done(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int reiserfs_proc_info_global_init(void)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static inline int reiserfs_proc_info_global_done(void)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#define PROC_EXP( e )
+#define VOID_V ( ( void ) 0 )
+#define PROC_INFO_MAX( sb, field, value ) VOID_V
+#define PROC_INFO_INC( sb, field ) VOID_V
+#define PROC_INFO_ADD( sb, field, val ) VOID_V
+#define PROC_INFO_BH_STAT(sb, bh, n_node_level) VOID_V
+#endif
+
+/* dir.c */
+extern const struct inode_operations reiserfs_dir_inode_operations;
+extern const struct inode_operations reiserfs_symlink_inode_operations;
+extern const struct inode_operations reiserfs_special_inode_operations;
+extern const struct file_operations reiserfs_dir_operations;
+int reiserfs_readdir_inode(struct inode *, struct dir_context *);
+
+/* tail_conversion.c */
+int direct2indirect(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *, struct inode *,
+                   struct treepath *, struct buffer_head *, loff_t);
+int indirect2direct(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *, struct inode *,
+                   struct page *, struct treepath *, const struct cpu_key *,
+                   loff_t, char *);
+void reiserfs_unmap_buffer(struct buffer_head *);
+
+/* file.c */
+extern const struct inode_operations reiserfs_file_inode_operations;
+extern const struct inode_operations reiserfs_priv_file_inode_operations;
+extern const struct file_operations reiserfs_file_operations;
+extern const struct address_space_operations reiserfs_address_space_operations;
+
+/* fix_nodes.c */
+
+int fix_nodes(int n_op_mode, struct tree_balance *tb,
+             struct item_head *ins_ih, const void *);
+void unfix_nodes(struct tree_balance *);
+
+/* prints.c */
+void __reiserfs_panic(struct super_block *s, const char *id,
+                     const char *function, const char *fmt, ...)
+    __attribute__ ((noreturn));
+#define reiserfs_panic(s, id, fmt, args...) \
+       __reiserfs_panic(s, id, __func__, fmt, ##args)
+void __reiserfs_error(struct super_block *s, const char *id,
+                     const char *function, const char *fmt, ...);
+#define reiserfs_error(s, id, fmt, args...) \
+        __reiserfs_error(s, id, __func__, fmt, ##args)
+void reiserfs_info(struct super_block *s, const char *fmt, ...);
+void reiserfs_debug(struct super_block *s, int level, const char *fmt, ...);
+void print_indirect_item(struct buffer_head *bh, int item_num);
+void store_print_tb(struct tree_balance *tb);
+void print_cur_tb(char *mes);
+void print_de(struct reiserfs_dir_entry *de);
+void print_bi(struct buffer_info *bi, char *mes);
+#define PRINT_LEAF_ITEMS 1     /* print all items */
+#define PRINT_DIRECTORY_ITEMS 2        /* print directory items */
+#define PRINT_DIRECT_ITEMS 4   /* print contents of direct items */
+void print_block(struct buffer_head *bh, ...);
+void print_bmap(struct super_block *s, int silent);
+void print_bmap_block(int i, char *data, int size, int silent);
+/*void print_super_block (struct super_block * s, char * mes);*/
+void print_objectid_map(struct super_block *s);
+void print_block_head(struct buffer_head *bh, char *mes);
+void check_leaf(struct buffer_head *bh);
+void check_internal(struct buffer_head *bh);
+void print_statistics(struct super_block *s);
+char *reiserfs_hashname(int code);
+
+/* lbalance.c */
+int leaf_move_items(int shift_mode, struct tree_balance *tb, int mov_num,
+                   int mov_bytes, struct buffer_head *Snew);
+int leaf_shift_left(struct tree_balance *tb, int shift_num, int shift_bytes);
+int leaf_shift_right(struct tree_balance *tb, int shift_num, int shift_bytes);
+void leaf_delete_items(struct buffer_info *cur_bi, int last_first, int first,
+                      int del_num, int del_bytes);
+void leaf_insert_into_buf(struct buffer_info *bi, int before,
+                         struct item_head * const inserted_item_ih,
+                         const char * const inserted_item_body,
+                         int zeros_number);
+void leaf_paste_in_buffer(struct buffer_info *bi, int pasted_item_num,
+                         int pos_in_item, int paste_size,
+                         const char * const body, int zeros_number);
+void leaf_cut_from_buffer(struct buffer_info *bi, int cut_item_num,
+                         int pos_in_item, int cut_size);
+void leaf_paste_entries(struct buffer_info *bi, int item_num, int before,
+                       int new_entry_count, struct reiserfs_de_head *new_dehs,
+                       const char *records, int paste_size);
+/* ibalance.c */
+int balance_internal(struct tree_balance *, int, int, struct item_head *,
+                    struct buffer_head **);
+
+/* do_balance.c */
+void do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                               struct buffer_head *bh, int flag);
+#define do_balance_mark_internal_dirty do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty
+#define do_balance_mark_sb_dirty do_balance_mark_leaf_dirty
+
+void do_balance(struct tree_balance *tb, struct item_head *ih,
+               const char *body, int flag);
+void reiserfs_invalidate_buffer(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                               struct buffer_head *bh);
+
+int get_left_neighbor_position(struct tree_balance *tb, int h);
+int get_right_neighbor_position(struct tree_balance *tb, int h);
+void replace_key(struct tree_balance *tb, struct buffer_head *, int,
+                struct buffer_head *, int);
+void make_empty_node(struct buffer_info *);
+struct buffer_head *get_FEB(struct tree_balance *);
+
+/* bitmap.c */
+
+/*
+ * structure contains hints for block allocator, and it is a container for
+ * arguments, such as node, search path, transaction_handle, etc.
+ */
+struct __reiserfs_blocknr_hint {
+       /* inode passed to allocator, if we allocate unf. nodes */
+       struct inode *inode;
+
+       sector_t block;         /* file offset, in blocks */
+       struct in_core_key key;
+
+       /*
+        * search path, used by allocator to deternine search_start by
+        * various ways
+        */
+       struct treepath *path;
+
+       /*
+        * transaction handle is needed to log super blocks
+        * and bitmap blocks changes
+        */
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th;
+
+       b_blocknr_t beg, end;
+
+       /*
+        * a field used to transfer search start value (block number)
+        * between different block allocator procedures
+        * (determine_search_start() and others)
+        */
+       b_blocknr_t search_start;
+
+       /*
+        * is set in determine_prealloc_size() function,
+        * used by underlayed function that do actual allocation
+        */
+       int prealloc_size;
+
+       /*
+        * the allocator uses different polices for getting disk
+        * space for formatted/unformatted blocks with/without preallocation
+        */
+       unsigned formatted_node:1;
+       unsigned preallocate:1;
+};
+
+typedef struct __reiserfs_blocknr_hint reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t;
+
+int reiserfs_parse_alloc_options(struct super_block *, char *);
+void reiserfs_init_alloc_options(struct super_block *s);
+
+/*
+ * given a directory, this will tell you what packing locality
+ * to use for a new object underneat it.  The locality is returned
+ * in disk byte order (le).
+ */
+__le32 reiserfs_choose_packing(struct inode *dir);
+
+void show_alloc_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct super_block *s);
+int reiserfs_init_bitmap_cache(struct super_block *sb);
+void reiserfs_free_bitmap_cache(struct super_block *sb);
+void reiserfs_cache_bitmap_metadata(struct super_block *sb, struct buffer_head *bh, struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *info);
+struct buffer_head *reiserfs_read_bitmap_block(struct super_block *sb, unsigned int bitmap);
+int is_reusable(struct super_block *s, b_blocknr_t block, int bit_value);
+void reiserfs_free_block(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct inode *,
+                        b_blocknr_t, int for_unformatted);
+int reiserfs_allocate_blocknrs(reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t *, b_blocknr_t *, int,
+                              int);
+static inline int reiserfs_new_form_blocknrs(struct tree_balance *tb,
+                                            b_blocknr_t * new_blocknrs,
+                                            int amount_needed)
+{
+       reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t hint = {
+               .th = tb->transaction_handle,
+               .path = tb->tb_path,
+               .inode = NULL,
+               .key = tb->key,
+               .block = 0,
+               .formatted_node = 1
+       };
+       return reiserfs_allocate_blocknrs(&hint, new_blocknrs, amount_needed,
+                                         0);
+}
+
+static inline int reiserfs_new_unf_blocknrs(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle
+                                           *th, struct inode *inode,
+                                           b_blocknr_t * new_blocknrs,
+                                           struct treepath *path,
+                                           sector_t block)
+{
+       reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t hint = {
+               .th = th,
+               .path = path,
+               .inode = inode,
+               .block = block,
+               .formatted_node = 0,
+               .preallocate = 0
+       };
+       return reiserfs_allocate_blocknrs(&hint, new_blocknrs, 1, 0);
+}
+
+#ifdef REISERFS_PREALLOCATE
+static inline int reiserfs_new_unf_blocknrs2(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle
+                                            *th, struct inode *inode,
+                                            b_blocknr_t * new_blocknrs,
+                                            struct treepath *path,
+                                            sector_t block)
+{
+       reiserfs_blocknr_hint_t hint = {
+               .th = th,
+               .path = path,
+               .inode = inode,
+               .block = block,
+               .formatted_node = 0,
+               .preallocate = 1
+       };
+       return reiserfs_allocate_blocknrs(&hint, new_blocknrs, 1, 0);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_discard_prealloc(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                              struct inode *inode);
+void reiserfs_discard_all_prealloc(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th);
+#endif
+
+/* hashes.c */
+__u32 keyed_hash(const signed char *msg, int len);
+__u32 yura_hash(const signed char *msg, int len);
+__u32 r5_hash(const signed char *msg, int len);
+
+#define reiserfs_set_le_bit            __set_bit_le
+#define reiserfs_test_and_set_le_bit   __test_and_set_bit_le
+#define reiserfs_clear_le_bit          __clear_bit_le
+#define reiserfs_test_and_clear_le_bit __test_and_clear_bit_le
+#define reiserfs_test_le_bit           test_bit_le
+#define reiserfs_find_next_zero_le_bit find_next_zero_bit_le
+
+/*
+ * sometimes reiserfs_truncate may require to allocate few new blocks
+ * to perform indirect2direct conversion. People probably used to
+ * think, that truncate should work without problems on a filesystem
+ * without free disk space. They may complain that they can not
+ * truncate due to lack of free disk space. This spare space allows us
+ * to not worry about it. 500 is probably too much, but it should be
+ * absolutely safe
+ */
+#define SPARE_SPACE 500
+
+/* prototypes from ioctl.c */
+int reiserfs_fileattr_get(struct dentry *dentry, struct fileattr *fa);
+int reiserfs_fileattr_set(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+                         struct dentry *dentry, struct fileattr *fa);
+long reiserfs_ioctl(struct file *filp, unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
+long reiserfs_compat_ioctl(struct file *filp,
+                  unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg);
+int reiserfs_unpack(struct inode *inode);
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/resize.c b/fs/reiserfs/resize.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..7b498a0d060b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/resize.c
@@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Written by Alexander Zarochentcev.
+ *
+ * The kernel part of the (on-line) reiserfs resizer.
+ */
+
+#include <linux/kernel.h>
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+
+int reiserfs_resize(struct super_block *s, unsigned long block_count_new)
+{
+       int err = 0;
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *sb;
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *bitmap;
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *info;
+       struct reiserfs_bitmap_info *old_bitmap = SB_AP_BITMAP(s);
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       unsigned int bmap_nr_new, bmap_nr;
+       unsigned int block_r_new, block_r;
+
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap *jb;
+       struct reiserfs_list_bitmap jbitmap[JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS];
+
+       unsigned long int block_count, free_blocks;
+       int i;
+       int copy_size;
+       int depth;
+
+       sb = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+
+       if (SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) >= block_count_new) {
+               printk("can\'t shrink filesystem on-line\n");
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       /* check the device size */
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+       bh = sb_bread(s, block_count_new - 1);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+       if (!bh) {
+               printk("reiserfs_resize: can\'t read last block\n");
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+       bforget(bh);
+
+       /*
+        * old disk layout detection; those partitions can be mounted, but
+        * cannot be resized
+        */
+       if (SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s)->b_blocknr * SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s)->b_size
+           != REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES) {
+               printk
+                   ("reiserfs_resize: unable to resize a reiserfs without distributed bitmap (fs version < 3.5.12)\n");
+               return -ENOTSUPP;
+       }
+
+       /* count used bits in last bitmap block */
+       block_r = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s) -
+                       (reiserfs_bmap_count(s) - 1) * s->s_blocksize * 8;
+
+       /* count bitmap blocks in new fs */
+       bmap_nr_new = block_count_new / (s->s_blocksize * 8);
+       block_r_new = block_count_new - bmap_nr_new * s->s_blocksize * 8;
+       if (block_r_new)
+               bmap_nr_new++;
+       else
+               block_r_new = s->s_blocksize * 8;
+
+       /* save old values */
+       block_count = SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s);
+       bmap_nr = reiserfs_bmap_count(s);
+
+       /* resizing of reiserfs bitmaps (journal and real), if needed */
+       if (bmap_nr_new > bmap_nr) {
+               /* reallocate journal bitmaps */
+               if (reiserfs_allocate_list_bitmaps(s, jbitmap, bmap_nr_new) < 0) {
+                       printk
+                           ("reiserfs_resize: unable to allocate memory for journal bitmaps\n");
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+               }
+               /*
+                * the new journal bitmaps are zero filled, now we copy i
+                * the bitmap node pointers from the old journal bitmap
+                * structs, and then transfer the new data structures
+                * into the journal struct.
+                *
+                * using the copy_size var below allows this code to work for
+                * both shrinking and expanding the FS.
+                */
+               copy_size = min(bmap_nr_new, bmap_nr);
+               copy_size =
+                   copy_size * sizeof(struct reiserfs_list_bitmap_node *);
+               for (i = 0; i < JOURNAL_NUM_BITMAPS; i++) {
+                       struct reiserfs_bitmap_node **node_tmp;
+                       jb = SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_list_bitmap + i;
+                       memcpy(jbitmap[i].bitmaps, jb->bitmaps, copy_size);
+
+                       /*
+                        * just in case vfree schedules on us, copy the new
+                        * pointer into the journal struct before freeing the
+                        * old one
+                        */
+                       node_tmp = jb->bitmaps;
+                       jb->bitmaps = jbitmap[i].bitmaps;
+                       vfree(node_tmp);
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * allocate additional bitmap blocks, reallocate
+                * array of bitmap block pointers
+                */
+               bitmap =
+                   vzalloc(array_size(bmap_nr_new,
+                                      sizeof(struct reiserfs_bitmap_info)));
+               if (!bitmap) {
+                       /*
+                        * Journal bitmaps are still supersized, but the
+                        * memory isn't leaked, so I guess it's ok
+                        */
+                       printk("reiserfs_resize: unable to allocate memory.\n");
+                       return -ENOMEM;
+               }
+               for (i = 0; i < bmap_nr; i++)
+                       bitmap[i] = old_bitmap[i];
+
+               /*
+                * This doesn't go through the journal, but it doesn't have to.
+                * The changes are still atomic: We're synced up when the
+                * journal transaction begins, and the new bitmaps don't
+                * matter if the transaction fails.
+                */
+               for (i = bmap_nr; i < bmap_nr_new; i++) {
+                       int depth;
+                       /*
+                        * don't use read_bitmap_block since it will cache
+                        * the uninitialized bitmap
+                        */
+                       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+                       bh = sb_bread(s, i * s->s_blocksize * 8);
+                       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+                       if (!bh) {
+                               vfree(bitmap);
+                               return -EIO;
+                       }
+                       memset(bh->b_data, 0, sb_blocksize(sb));
+                       reiserfs_set_le_bit(0, bh->b_data);
+                       reiserfs_cache_bitmap_metadata(s, bh, bitmap + i);
+
+                       set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+                       mark_buffer_dirty(bh);
+                       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+                       sync_dirty_buffer(bh);
+                       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(s, depth);
+                       /* update bitmap_info stuff */
+                       bitmap[i].free_count = sb_blocksize(sb) * 8 - 1;
+                       brelse(bh);
+               }
+               /* free old bitmap blocks array */
+               SB_AP_BITMAP(s) = bitmap;
+               vfree(old_bitmap);
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * begin transaction, if there was an error, it's fine. Yes, we have
+        * incorrect bitmaps now, but none of it is ever going to touch the
+        * disk anyway.
+        */
+       err = journal_begin(&th, s, 10);
+       if (err)
+               return err;
+
+       /* Extend old last bitmap block - new blocks have been made available */
+       info = SB_AP_BITMAP(s) + bmap_nr - 1;
+       bh = reiserfs_read_bitmap_block(s, bmap_nr - 1);
+       if (!bh) {
+               int jerr = journal_end(&th);
+               if (jerr)
+                       return jerr;
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 1);
+       for (i = block_r; i < s->s_blocksize * 8; i++)
+               reiserfs_clear_le_bit(i, bh->b_data);
+       info->free_count += s->s_blocksize * 8 - block_r;
+
+       journal_mark_dirty(&th, bh);
+       brelse(bh);
+
+       /* Correct new last bitmap block - It may not be full */
+       info = SB_AP_BITMAP(s) + bmap_nr_new - 1;
+       bh = reiserfs_read_bitmap_block(s, bmap_nr_new - 1);
+       if (!bh) {
+               int jerr = journal_end(&th);
+               if (jerr)
+                       return jerr;
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, bh, 1);
+       for (i = block_r_new; i < s->s_blocksize * 8; i++)
+               reiserfs_set_le_bit(i, bh->b_data);
+       journal_mark_dirty(&th, bh);
+       brelse(bh);
+
+       info->free_count -= s->s_blocksize * 8 - block_r_new;
+       /* update super */
+       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1);
+       free_blocks = SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s);
+       PUT_SB_FREE_BLOCKS(s,
+                          free_blocks + (block_count_new - block_count -
+                                         (bmap_nr_new - bmap_nr)));
+       PUT_SB_BLOCK_COUNT(s, block_count_new);
+       PUT_SB_BMAP_NR(s, bmap_would_wrap(bmap_nr_new) ? : bmap_nr_new);
+
+       journal_mark_dirty(&th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+
+       SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_must_wait = 1;
+       return journal_end(&th);
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/stree.c b/fs/reiserfs/stree.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5faf702f8d15
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/stree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2280 @@
+/*
+ *  Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ */
+
+/*
+ *  Written by Anatoly P. Pinchuk pap@namesys.botik.ru
+ *  Programm System Institute
+ *  Pereslavl-Zalessky Russia
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/string.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/bio.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+
+/* Does the buffer contain a disk block which is in the tree. */
+inline int B_IS_IN_TREE(const struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+
+       RFALSE(B_LEVEL(bh) > MAX_HEIGHT,
+              "PAP-1010: block (%b) has too big level (%z)", bh, bh);
+
+       return (B_LEVEL(bh) != FREE_LEVEL);
+}
+
+/* to get item head in le form */
+inline void copy_item_head(struct item_head *to,
+                          const struct item_head *from)
+{
+       memcpy(to, from, IH_SIZE);
+}
+
+/*
+ * k1 is pointer to on-disk structure which is stored in little-endian
+ * form. k2 is pointer to cpu variable. For key of items of the same
+ * object this returns 0.
+ * Returns: -1 if key1 < key2
+ * 0 if key1 == key2
+ * 1 if key1 > key2
+ */
+inline int comp_short_keys(const struct reiserfs_key *le_key,
+                          const struct cpu_key *cpu_key)
+{
+       __u32 n;
+       n = le32_to_cpu(le_key->k_dir_id);
+       if (n < cpu_key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id)
+               return -1;
+       if (n > cpu_key->on_disk_key.k_dir_id)
+               return 1;
+       n = le32_to_cpu(le_key->k_objectid);
+       if (n < cpu_key->on_disk_key.k_objectid)
+               return -1;
+       if (n > cpu_key->on_disk_key.k_objectid)
+               return 1;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * k1 is pointer to on-disk structure which is stored in little-endian
+ * form. k2 is pointer to cpu variable.
+ * Compare keys using all 4 key fields.
+ * Returns: -1 if key1 < key2 0
+ * if key1 = key2 1 if key1 > key2
+ */
+static inline int comp_keys(const struct reiserfs_key *le_key,
+                           const struct cpu_key *cpu_key)
+{
+       int retval;
+
+       retval = comp_short_keys(le_key, cpu_key);
+       if (retval)
+               return retval;
+       if (le_key_k_offset(le_key_version(le_key), le_key) <
+           cpu_key_k_offset(cpu_key))
+               return -1;
+       if (le_key_k_offset(le_key_version(le_key), le_key) >
+           cpu_key_k_offset(cpu_key))
+               return 1;
+
+       if (cpu_key->key_length == 3)
+               return 0;
+
+       /* this part is needed only when tail conversion is in progress */
+       if (le_key_k_type(le_key_version(le_key), le_key) <
+           cpu_key_k_type(cpu_key))
+               return -1;
+
+       if (le_key_k_type(le_key_version(le_key), le_key) >
+           cpu_key_k_type(cpu_key))
+               return 1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+inline int comp_short_le_keys(const struct reiserfs_key *key1,
+                             const struct reiserfs_key *key2)
+{
+       __u32 *k1_u32, *k2_u32;
+       int key_length = REISERFS_SHORT_KEY_LEN;
+
+       k1_u32 = (__u32 *) key1;
+       k2_u32 = (__u32 *) key2;
+       for (; key_length--; ++k1_u32, ++k2_u32) {
+               if (le32_to_cpu(*k1_u32) < le32_to_cpu(*k2_u32))
+                       return -1;
+               if (le32_to_cpu(*k1_u32) > le32_to_cpu(*k2_u32))
+                       return 1;
+       }
+       return 0;
+}
+
+inline void le_key2cpu_key(struct cpu_key *to, const struct reiserfs_key *from)
+{
+       int version;
+       to->on_disk_key.k_dir_id = le32_to_cpu(from->k_dir_id);
+       to->on_disk_key.k_objectid = le32_to_cpu(from->k_objectid);
+
+       /* find out version of the key */
+       version = le_key_version(from);
+       to->version = version;
+       to->on_disk_key.k_offset = le_key_k_offset(version, from);
+       to->on_disk_key.k_type = le_key_k_type(version, from);
+}
+
+/*
+ * this does not say which one is bigger, it only returns 1 if keys
+ * are not equal, 0 otherwise
+ */
+inline int comp_le_keys(const struct reiserfs_key *k1,
+                       const struct reiserfs_key *k2)
+{
+       return memcmp(k1, k2, sizeof(struct reiserfs_key));
+}
+
+/**************************************************************************
+ *  Binary search toolkit function                                        *
+ *  Search for an item in the array by the item key                       *
+ *  Returns:    1 if found,  0 if not found;                              *
+ *        *pos = number of the searched element if found, else the        *
+ *        number of the first element that is larger than key.            *
+ **************************************************************************/
+/*
+ * For those not familiar with binary search: lbound is the leftmost item
+ * that it could be, rbound the rightmost item that it could be.  We examine
+ * the item halfway between lbound and rbound, and that tells us either
+ * that we can increase lbound, or decrease rbound, or that we have found it,
+ * or if lbound <= rbound that there are no possible items, and we have not
+ * found it. With each examination we cut the number of possible items it
+ * could be by one more than half rounded down, or we find it.
+ */
+static inline int bin_search(const void *key,  /* Key to search for. */
+                            const void *base,  /* First item in the array. */
+                            int num,   /* Number of items in the array. */
+                            /*
+                             * Item size in the array.  searched. Lest the
+                             * reader be confused, note that this is crafted
+                             * as a general function, and when it is applied
+                             * specifically to the array of item headers in a
+                             * node, width is actually the item header size
+                             * not the item size.
+                             */
+                            int width,
+                            int *pos /* Number of the searched for element. */
+    )
+{
+       int rbound, lbound, j;
+
+       for (j = ((rbound = num - 1) + (lbound = 0)) / 2;
+            lbound <= rbound; j = (rbound + lbound) / 2)
+               switch (comp_keys
+                       ((struct reiserfs_key *)((char *)base + j * width),
+                        (struct cpu_key *)key)) {
+               case -1:
+                       lbound = j + 1;
+                       continue;
+               case 1:
+                       rbound = j - 1;
+                       continue;
+               case 0:
+                       *pos = j;
+                       return ITEM_FOUND;      /* Key found in the array.  */
+               }
+
+       /*
+        * bin_search did not find given key, it returns position of key,
+        * that is minimal and greater than the given one.
+        */
+       *pos = lbound;
+       return ITEM_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+
+/* Minimal possible key. It is never in the tree. */
+const struct reiserfs_key MIN_KEY = { 0, 0, {{0, 0},} };
+
+/* Maximal possible key. It is never in the tree. */
+static const struct reiserfs_key MAX_KEY = {
+       cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff),
+       cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff),
+       {{cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff),
+         cpu_to_le32(0xffffffff)},}
+};
+
+/*
+ * Get delimiting key of the buffer by looking for it in the buffers in the
+ * path, starting from the bottom of the path, and going upwards.  We must
+ * check the path's validity at each step.  If the key is not in the path,
+ * there is no delimiting key in the tree (buffer is first or last buffer
+ * in tree), and in this case we return a special key, either MIN_KEY or
+ * MAX_KEY.
+ */
+static inline const struct reiserfs_key *get_lkey(const struct treepath *chk_path,
+                                                 const struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       int position, path_offset = chk_path->path_length;
+       struct buffer_head *parent;
+
+       RFALSE(path_offset < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+              "PAP-5010: invalid offset in the path");
+
+       /* While not higher in path than first element. */
+       while (path_offset-- > FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) {
+
+               RFALSE(!buffer_uptodate
+                      (PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(chk_path, path_offset)),
+                      "PAP-5020: parent is not uptodate");
+
+               /* Parent at the path is not in the tree now. */
+               if (!B_IS_IN_TREE
+                   (parent =
+                    PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(chk_path, path_offset)))
+                       return &MAX_KEY;
+               /* Check whether position in the parent is correct. */
+               if ((position =
+                    PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(chk_path,
+                                         path_offset)) >
+                   B_NR_ITEMS(parent))
+                       return &MAX_KEY;
+               /* Check whether parent at the path really points to the child. */
+               if (B_N_CHILD_NUM(parent, position) !=
+                   PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(chk_path,
+                                       path_offset + 1)->b_blocknr)
+                       return &MAX_KEY;
+               /*
+                * Return delimiting key if position in the parent
+                * is not equal to zero.
+                */
+               if (position)
+                       return internal_key(parent, position - 1);
+       }
+       /* Return MIN_KEY if we are in the root of the buffer tree. */
+       if (PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(chk_path, FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET)->
+           b_blocknr == SB_ROOT_BLOCK(sb))
+               return &MIN_KEY;
+       return &MAX_KEY;
+}
+
+/* Get delimiting key of the buffer at the path and its right neighbor. */
+inline const struct reiserfs_key *get_rkey(const struct treepath *chk_path,
+                                          const struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       int position, path_offset = chk_path->path_length;
+       struct buffer_head *parent;
+
+       RFALSE(path_offset < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+              "PAP-5030: invalid offset in the path");
+
+       while (path_offset-- > FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) {
+
+               RFALSE(!buffer_uptodate
+                      (PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(chk_path, path_offset)),
+                      "PAP-5040: parent is not uptodate");
+
+               /* Parent at the path is not in the tree now. */
+               if (!B_IS_IN_TREE
+                   (parent =
+                    PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(chk_path, path_offset)))
+                       return &MIN_KEY;
+               /* Check whether position in the parent is correct. */
+               if ((position =
+                    PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(chk_path,
+                                         path_offset)) >
+                   B_NR_ITEMS(parent))
+                       return &MIN_KEY;
+               /*
+                * Check whether parent at the path really points
+                * to the child.
+                */
+               if (B_N_CHILD_NUM(parent, position) !=
+                   PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(chk_path,
+                                       path_offset + 1)->b_blocknr)
+                       return &MIN_KEY;
+
+               /*
+                * Return delimiting key if position in the parent
+                * is not the last one.
+                */
+               if (position != B_NR_ITEMS(parent))
+                       return internal_key(parent, position);
+       }
+
+       /* Return MAX_KEY if we are in the root of the buffer tree. */
+       if (PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(chk_path, FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET)->
+           b_blocknr == SB_ROOT_BLOCK(sb))
+               return &MAX_KEY;
+       return &MIN_KEY;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check whether a key is contained in the tree rooted from a buffer at a path.
+ * This works by looking at the left and right delimiting keys for the buffer
+ * in the last path_element in the path.  These delimiting keys are stored
+ * at least one level above that buffer in the tree. If the buffer is the
+ * first or last node in the tree order then one of the delimiting keys may
+ * be absent, and in this case get_lkey and get_rkey return a special key
+ * which is MIN_KEY or MAX_KEY.
+ */
+static inline int key_in_buffer(
+                               /* Path which should be checked. */
+                               struct treepath *chk_path,
+                               /* Key which should be checked. */
+                               const struct cpu_key *key,
+                               struct super_block *sb
+    )
+{
+
+       RFALSE(!key || chk_path->path_length < FIRST_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET
+              || chk_path->path_length > MAX_HEIGHT,
+              "PAP-5050: pointer to the key(%p) is NULL or invalid path length(%d)",
+              key, chk_path->path_length);
+       RFALSE(!PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(chk_path)->b_bdev,
+              "PAP-5060: device must not be NODEV");
+
+       if (comp_keys(get_lkey(chk_path, sb), key) == 1)
+               /* left delimiting key is bigger, that the key we look for */
+               return 0;
+       /*  if ( comp_keys(key, get_rkey(chk_path, sb)) != -1 ) */
+       if (comp_keys(get_rkey(chk_path, sb), key) != 1)
+               /* key must be less than right delimitiing key */
+               return 0;
+       return 1;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_check_path(struct treepath *p)
+{
+       RFALSE(p->path_length != ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+              "path not properly relsed");
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Drop the reference to each buffer in a path and restore
+ * dirty bits clean when preparing the buffer for the log.
+ * This version should only be called from fix_nodes()
+ */
+void pathrelse_and_restore(struct super_block *sb,
+                          struct treepath *search_path)
+{
+       int path_offset = search_path->path_length;
+
+       RFALSE(path_offset < ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+              "clm-4000: invalid path offset");
+
+       while (path_offset > ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) {
+               struct buffer_head *bh;
+               bh = PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(search_path, path_offset--);
+               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(sb, bh);
+               brelse(bh);
+       }
+       search_path->path_length = ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET;
+}
+
+/* Drop the reference to each buffer in a path */
+void pathrelse(struct treepath *search_path)
+{
+       int path_offset = search_path->path_length;
+
+       RFALSE(path_offset < ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET,
+              "PAP-5090: invalid path offset");
+
+       while (path_offset > ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET)
+               brelse(PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(search_path, path_offset--));
+
+       search_path->path_length = ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET;
+}
+
+static int has_valid_deh_location(struct buffer_head *bh, struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+       int i;
+
+       deh = B_I_DEH(bh, ih);
+       for (i = 0; i < ih_entry_count(ih); i++) {
+               if (deh_location(&deh[i]) > ih_item_len(ih)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5094",
+                                        "directory entry location seems wrong %h",
+                                        &deh[i]);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static int is_leaf(char *buf, int blocksize, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       int used_space;
+       int prev_location;
+       int i;
+       int nr;
+
+       blkh = (struct block_head *)buf;
+       if (blkh_level(blkh) != DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL) {
+               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5080",
+                                "this should be caught earlier");
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+       if (nr < 1 || nr > ((blocksize - BLKH_SIZE) / (IH_SIZE + MIN_ITEM_LEN))) {
+               /* item number is too big or too small */
+               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5081",
+                                "nr_item seems wrong: %z", bh);
+               return 0;
+       }
+       ih = (struct item_head *)(buf + BLKH_SIZE) + nr - 1;
+       used_space = BLKH_SIZE + IH_SIZE * nr + (blocksize - ih_location(ih));
+
+       /* free space does not match to calculated amount of use space */
+       if (used_space != blocksize - blkh_free_space(blkh)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5082",
+                                "free space seems wrong: %z", bh);
+               return 0;
+       }
+       /*
+        * FIXME: it is_leaf will hit performance too much - we may have
+        * return 1 here
+        */
+
+       /* check tables of item heads */
+       ih = (struct item_head *)(buf + BLKH_SIZE);
+       prev_location = blocksize;
+       for (i = 0; i < nr; i++, ih++) {
+               if (le_ih_k_type(ih) == TYPE_ANY) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5083",
+                                        "wrong item type for item %h",
+                                        ih);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               if (ih_location(ih) >= blocksize
+                   || ih_location(ih) < IH_SIZE * nr) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5084",
+                                        "item location seems wrong: %h",
+                                        ih);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               if (ih_item_len(ih) < 1
+                   || ih_item_len(ih) > MAX_ITEM_LEN(blocksize)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5085",
+                                        "item length seems wrong: %h",
+                                        ih);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               if (prev_location - ih_location(ih) != ih_item_len(ih)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5086",
+                                        "item location seems wrong "
+                                        "(second one): %h", ih);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+               if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih)) {
+                       if (ih_item_len(ih) < (ih_entry_count(ih) * IH_SIZE)) {
+                               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5093",
+                                                "item entry count seems wrong %h",
+                                                ih);
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+                       return has_valid_deh_location(bh, ih);
+               }
+               prev_location = ih_location(ih);
+       }
+
+       /* one may imagine many more checks */
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/* returns 1 if buf looks like an internal node, 0 otherwise */
+static int is_internal(char *buf, int blocksize, struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       struct block_head *blkh;
+       int nr;
+       int used_space;
+
+       blkh = (struct block_head *)buf;
+       nr = blkh_level(blkh);
+       if (nr <= DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL || nr > MAX_HEIGHT) {
+               /* this level is not possible for internal nodes */
+               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5087",
+                                "this should be caught earlier");
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       nr = blkh_nr_item(blkh);
+       /* for internal which is not root we might check min number of keys */
+       if (nr > (blocksize - BLKH_SIZE - DC_SIZE) / (KEY_SIZE + DC_SIZE)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5088",
+                                "number of key seems wrong: %z", bh);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       used_space = BLKH_SIZE + KEY_SIZE * nr + DC_SIZE * (nr + 1);
+       if (used_space != blocksize - blkh_free_space(blkh)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5089",
+                                "free space seems wrong: %z", bh);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* one may imagine many more checks */
+       return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * make sure that bh contains formatted node of reiserfs tree of
+ * 'level'-th level
+ */
+static int is_tree_node(struct buffer_head *bh, int level)
+{
+       if (B_LEVEL(bh) != level) {
+               reiserfs_warning(NULL, "reiserfs-5090", "node level %d does "
+                                "not match to the expected one %d",
+                                B_LEVEL(bh), level);
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if (level == DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL)
+               return is_leaf(bh->b_data, bh->b_size, bh);
+
+       return is_internal(bh->b_data, bh->b_size, bh);
+}
+
+#define SEARCH_BY_KEY_READA 16
+
+/*
+ * The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE!
+ * It might unlock the write lock if we needed to wait for a block
+ * to be read. Note that in this case it won't recover the lock to avoid
+ * high contention resulting from too much lock requests, especially
+ * the caller (search_by_key) will perform other schedule-unsafe
+ * operations just after calling this function.
+ *
+ * @return depth of lock to be restored after read completes
+ */
+static int search_by_key_reada(struct super_block *s,
+                               struct buffer_head **bh,
+                               b_blocknr_t *b, int num)
+{
+       int i, j;
+       int depth = -1;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < num; i++) {
+               bh[i] = sb_getblk(s, b[i]);
+       }
+       /*
+        * We are going to read some blocks on which we
+        * have a reference. It's safe, though we might be
+        * reading blocks concurrently changed if we release
+        * the lock. But it's still fine because we check later
+        * if the tree changed
+        */
+       for (j = 0; j < i; j++) {
+               /*
+                * note, this needs attention if we are getting rid of the BKL
+                * you have to make sure the prepared bit isn't set on this
+                * buffer
+                */
+               if (!buffer_uptodate(bh[j])) {
+                       if (depth == -1)
+                               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(s);
+                       bh_readahead(bh[j], REQ_RAHEAD);
+               }
+               brelse(bh[j]);
+       }
+       return depth;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This function fills up the path from the root to the leaf as it
+ * descends the tree looking for the key.  It uses reiserfs_bread to
+ * try to find buffers in the cache given their block number.  If it
+ * does not find them in the cache it reads them from disk.  For each
+ * node search_by_key finds using reiserfs_bread it then uses
+ * bin_search to look through that node.  bin_search will find the
+ * position of the block_number of the next node if it is looking
+ * through an internal node.  If it is looking through a leaf node
+ * bin_search will find the position of the item which has key either
+ * equal to given key, or which is the maximal key less than the given
+ * key.  search_by_key returns a path that must be checked for the
+ * correctness of the top of the path but need not be checked for the
+ * correctness of the bottom of the path
+ */
+/*
+ * search_by_key - search for key (and item) in stree
+ * @sb: superblock
+ * @key: pointer to key to search for
+ * @search_path: Allocated and initialized struct treepath; Returned filled
+ *              on success.
+ * @stop_level: How far down the tree to search, Use DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL to
+ *             stop at leaf level.
+ *
+ * The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE!
+ */
+int search_by_key(struct super_block *sb, const struct cpu_key *key,
+                 struct treepath *search_path, int stop_level)
+{
+       b_blocknr_t block_number;
+       int expected_level;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct path_element *last_element;
+       int node_level, retval;
+       int fs_gen;
+       struct buffer_head *reada_bh[SEARCH_BY_KEY_READA];
+       b_blocknr_t reada_blocks[SEARCH_BY_KEY_READA];
+       int reada_count = 0;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       int repeat_counter = 0;
+#endif
+
+       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, search_by_key);
+
+       /*
+        * As we add each node to a path we increase its count.  This means
+        * that we must be careful to release all nodes in a path before we
+        * either discard the path struct or re-use the path struct, as we
+        * do here.
+        */
+
+       pathrelse(search_path);
+
+       /*
+        * With each iteration of this loop we search through the items in the
+        * current node, and calculate the next current node(next path element)
+        * for the next iteration of this loop..
+        */
+       block_number = SB_ROOT_BLOCK(sb);
+       expected_level = -1;
+       while (1) {
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+               if (!(++repeat_counter % 50000))
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "PAP-5100",
+                                        "%s: there were %d iterations of "
+                                        "while loop looking for key %K",
+                                        current->comm, repeat_counter,
+                                        key);
+#endif
+
+               /* prep path to have another element added to it. */
+               last_element =
+                   PATH_OFFSET_PELEMENT(search_path,
+                                        ++search_path->path_length);
+               fs_gen = get_generation(sb);
+
+               /*
+                * Read the next tree node, and set the last element
+                * in the path to have a pointer to it.
+                */
+               if ((bh = last_element->pe_buffer =
+                    sb_getblk(sb, block_number))) {
+
+                       /*
+                        * We'll need to drop the lock if we encounter any
+                        * buffers that need to be read. If all of them are
+                        * already up to date, we don't need to drop the lock.
+                        */
+                       int depth = -1;
+
+                       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh) && reada_count > 1)
+                               depth = search_by_key_reada(sb, reada_bh,
+                                                   reada_blocks, reada_count);
+
+                       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh) && depth == -1)
+                               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+
+                       bh_read_nowait(bh, 0);
+                       wait_on_buffer(bh);
+
+                       if (depth != -1)
+                               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+                       if (!buffer_uptodate(bh))
+                               goto io_error;
+               } else {
+io_error:
+                       search_path->path_length--;
+                       pathrelse(search_path);
+                       return IO_ERROR;
+               }
+               reada_count = 0;
+               if (expected_level == -1)
+                       expected_level = SB_TREE_HEIGHT(sb);
+               expected_level--;
+
+               /*
+                * It is possible that schedule occurred. We must check
+                * whether the key to search is still in the tree rooted
+                * from the current buffer. If not then repeat search
+                * from the root.
+                */
+               if (fs_changed(fs_gen, sb) &&
+                   (!B_IS_IN_TREE(bh) ||
+                    B_LEVEL(bh) != expected_level ||
+                    !key_in_buffer(search_path, key, sb))) {
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, search_by_key_fs_changed);
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(sb, search_by_key_restarted);
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(sb,
+                                     sbk_restarted[expected_level - 1]);
+                       pathrelse(search_path);
+
+                       /*
+                        * Get the root block number so that we can
+                        * repeat the search starting from the root.
+                        */
+                       block_number = SB_ROOT_BLOCK(sb);
+                       expected_level = -1;
+
+                       /* repeat search from the root */
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               /*
+                * only check that the key is in the buffer if key is not
+                * equal to the MAX_KEY. Latter case is only possible in
+                * "finish_unfinished()" processing during mount.
+                */
+               RFALSE(comp_keys(&MAX_KEY, key) &&
+                      !key_in_buffer(search_path, key, sb),
+                      "PAP-5130: key is not in the buffer");
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+               if (REISERFS_SB(sb)->cur_tb) {
+                       print_cur_tb("5140");
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "PAP-5140",
+                                      "schedule occurred in do_balance!");
+               }
+#endif
+
+               /*
+                * make sure, that the node contents look like a node of
+                * certain level
+                */
+               if (!is_tree_node(bh, expected_level)) {
+                       reiserfs_error(sb, "vs-5150",
+                                      "invalid format found in block %ld. "
+                                      "Fsck?", bh->b_blocknr);
+                       pathrelse(search_path);
+                       return IO_ERROR;
+               }
+
+               /* ok, we have acquired next formatted node in the tree */
+               node_level = B_LEVEL(bh);
+
+               PROC_INFO_BH_STAT(sb, bh, node_level - 1);
+
+               RFALSE(node_level < stop_level,
+                      "vs-5152: tree level (%d) is less than stop level (%d)",
+                      node_level, stop_level);
+
+               retval = bin_search(key, item_head(bh, 0),
+                                     B_NR_ITEMS(bh),
+                                     (node_level ==
+                                      DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL) ? IH_SIZE :
+                                     KEY_SIZE,
+                                     &last_element->pe_position);
+               if (node_level == stop_level) {
+                       return retval;
+               }
+
+               /* we are not in the stop level */
+               /*
+                * item has been found, so we choose the pointer which
+                * is to the right of the found one
+                */
+               if (retval == ITEM_FOUND)
+                       last_element->pe_position++;
+
+               /*
+                * if item was not found we choose the position which is to
+                * the left of the found item. This requires no code,
+                * bin_search did it already.
+                */
+
+               /*
+                * So we have chosen a position in the current node which is
+                * an internal node.  Now we calculate child block number by
+                * position in the node.
+                */
+               block_number =
+                   B_N_CHILD_NUM(bh, last_element->pe_position);
+
+               /*
+                * if we are going to read leaf nodes, try for read
+                * ahead as well
+                */
+               if ((search_path->reada & PATH_READA) &&
+                   node_level == DISK_LEAF_NODE_LEVEL + 1) {
+                       int pos = last_element->pe_position;
+                       int limit = B_NR_ITEMS(bh);
+                       struct reiserfs_key *le_key;
+
+                       if (search_path->reada & PATH_READA_BACK)
+                               limit = 0;
+                       while (reada_count < SEARCH_BY_KEY_READA) {
+                               if (pos == limit)
+                                       break;
+                               reada_blocks[reada_count++] =
+                                   B_N_CHILD_NUM(bh, pos);
+                               if (search_path->reada & PATH_READA_BACK)
+                                       pos--;
+                               else
+                                       pos++;
+
+                               /*
+                                * check to make sure we're in the same object
+                                */
+                               le_key = internal_key(bh, pos);
+                               if (le32_to_cpu(le_key->k_objectid) !=
+                                   key->on_disk_key.k_objectid) {
+                                       break;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+/*
+ * Form the path to an item and position in this item which contains
+ * file byte defined by key. If there is no such item
+ * corresponding to the key, we point the path to the item with
+ * maximal key less than key, and *pos_in_item is set to one
+ * past the last entry/byte in the item.  If searching for entry in a
+ * directory item, and it is not found, *pos_in_item is set to one
+ * entry more than the entry with maximal key which is less than the
+ * sought key.
+ *
+ * Note that if there is no entry in this same node which is one more,
+ * then we point to an imaginary entry.  for direct items, the
+ * position is in units of bytes, for indirect items the position is
+ * in units of blocknr entries, for directory items the position is in
+ * units of directory entries.
+ */
+/* The function is NOT SCHEDULE-SAFE! */
+int search_for_position_by_key(struct super_block *sb,
+                              /* Key to search (cpu variable) */
+                              const struct cpu_key *p_cpu_key,
+                              /* Filled up by this function. */
+                              struct treepath *search_path)
+{
+       struct item_head *p_le_ih;      /* pointer to on-disk structure */
+       int blk_size;
+       loff_t item_offset, offset;
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+       int retval;
+
+       /* If searching for directory entry. */
+       if (is_direntry_cpu_key(p_cpu_key))
+               return search_by_entry_key(sb, p_cpu_key, search_path,
+                                          &de);
+
+       /* If not searching for directory entry. */
+
+       /* If item is found. */
+       retval = search_item(sb, p_cpu_key, search_path);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR)
+               return retval;
+       if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+
+               RFALSE(!ih_item_len
+                      (item_head
+                       (PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(search_path),
+                        PATH_LAST_POSITION(search_path))),
+                      "PAP-5165: item length equals zero");
+
+               pos_in_item(search_path) = 0;
+               return POSITION_FOUND;
+       }
+
+       RFALSE(!PATH_LAST_POSITION(search_path),
+              "PAP-5170: position equals zero");
+
+       /* Item is not found. Set path to the previous item. */
+       p_le_ih =
+           item_head(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(search_path),
+                          --PATH_LAST_POSITION(search_path));
+       blk_size = sb->s_blocksize;
+
+       if (comp_short_keys(&p_le_ih->ih_key, p_cpu_key))
+               return FILE_NOT_FOUND;
+
+       /* FIXME: quite ugly this far */
+
+       item_offset = le_ih_k_offset(p_le_ih);
+       offset = cpu_key_k_offset(p_cpu_key);
+
+       /* Needed byte is contained in the item pointed to by the path. */
+       if (item_offset <= offset &&
+           item_offset + op_bytes_number(p_le_ih, blk_size) > offset) {
+               pos_in_item(search_path) = offset - item_offset;
+               if (is_indirect_le_ih(p_le_ih)) {
+                       pos_in_item(search_path) /= blk_size;
+               }
+               return POSITION_FOUND;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Needed byte is not contained in the item pointed to by the
+        * path. Set pos_in_item out of the item.
+        */
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(p_le_ih))
+               pos_in_item(search_path) =
+                   ih_item_len(p_le_ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE;
+       else
+               pos_in_item(search_path) = ih_item_len(p_le_ih);
+
+       return POSITION_NOT_FOUND;
+}
+
+/* Compare given item and item pointed to by the path. */
+int comp_items(const struct item_head *stored_ih, const struct treepath *path)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path);
+       struct item_head *ih;
+
+       /* Last buffer at the path is not in the tree. */
+       if (!B_IS_IN_TREE(bh))
+               return 1;
+
+       /* Last path position is invalid. */
+       if (PATH_LAST_POSITION(path) >= B_NR_ITEMS(bh))
+               return 1;
+
+       /* we need only to know, whether it is the same item */
+       ih = tp_item_head(path);
+       return memcmp(stored_ih, ih, IH_SIZE);
+}
+
+/* prepare for delete or cut of direct item */
+static inline int prepare_for_direct_item(struct treepath *path,
+                                         struct item_head *le_ih,
+                                         struct inode *inode,
+                                         loff_t new_file_length, int *cut_size)
+{
+       loff_t round_len;
+
+       if (new_file_length == max_reiserfs_offset(inode)) {
+               /* item has to be deleted */
+               *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+               return M_DELETE;
+       }
+       /* new file gets truncated */
+       if (get_inode_item_key_version(inode) == KEY_FORMAT_3_6) {
+               round_len = ROUND_UP(new_file_length);
+               /* this was new_file_length < le_ih ... */
+               if (round_len < le_ih_k_offset(le_ih)) {
+                       *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+                       return M_DELETE;        /* Delete this item. */
+               }
+               /* Calculate first position and size for cutting from item. */
+               pos_in_item(path) = round_len - (le_ih_k_offset(le_ih) - 1);
+               *cut_size = -(ih_item_len(le_ih) - pos_in_item(path));
+
+               return M_CUT;   /* Cut from this item. */
+       }
+
+       /* old file: items may have any length */
+
+       if (new_file_length < le_ih_k_offset(le_ih)) {
+               *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+               return M_DELETE;        /* Delete this item. */
+       }
+
+       /* Calculate first position and size for cutting from item. */
+       *cut_size = -(ih_item_len(le_ih) -
+                     (pos_in_item(path) =
+                      new_file_length + 1 - le_ih_k_offset(le_ih)));
+       return M_CUT;           /* Cut from this item. */
+}
+
+static inline int prepare_for_direntry_item(struct treepath *path,
+                                           struct item_head *le_ih,
+                                           struct inode *inode,
+                                           loff_t new_file_length,
+                                           int *cut_size)
+{
+       if (le_ih_k_offset(le_ih) == DOT_OFFSET &&
+           new_file_length == max_reiserfs_offset(inode)) {
+               RFALSE(ih_entry_count(le_ih) != 2,
+                      "PAP-5220: incorrect empty directory item (%h)", le_ih);
+               *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+               /* Delete the directory item containing "." and ".." entry. */
+               return M_DELETE;
+       }
+
+       if (ih_entry_count(le_ih) == 1) {
+               /*
+                * Delete the directory item such as there is one record only
+                * in this item
+                */
+               *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(le_ih));
+               return M_DELETE;
+       }
+
+       /* Cut one record from the directory item. */
+       *cut_size =
+           -(DEH_SIZE +
+             entry_length(get_last_bh(path), le_ih, pos_in_item(path)));
+       return M_CUT;
+}
+
+#define JOURNAL_FOR_FREE_BLOCK_AND_UPDATE_SD (2 * JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT + 1)
+
+/*
+ * If the path points to a directory or direct item, calculate mode
+ * and the size cut, for balance.
+ * If the path points to an indirect item, remove some number of its
+ * unformatted nodes.
+ * In case of file truncate calculate whether this item must be
+ * deleted/truncated or last unformatted node of this item will be
+ * converted to a direct item.
+ * This function returns a determination of what balance mode the
+ * calling function should employ.
+ */
+static char prepare_for_delete_or_cut(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                     struct inode *inode,
+                                     struct treepath *path,
+                                     const struct cpu_key *item_key,
+                                     /*
+                                      * Number of unformatted nodes
+                                      * which were removed from end
+                                      * of the file.
+                                      */
+                                     int *removed,
+                                     int *cut_size,
+                                     /* MAX_KEY_OFFSET in case of delete. */
+                                     unsigned long long new_file_length
+    )
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+       struct item_head *p_le_ih = tp_item_head(path);
+       struct buffer_head *bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path);
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       /* Stat_data item. */
+       if (is_statdata_le_ih(p_le_ih)) {
+
+               RFALSE(new_file_length != max_reiserfs_offset(inode),
+                      "PAP-5210: mode must be M_DELETE");
+
+               *cut_size = -(IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(p_le_ih));
+               return M_DELETE;
+       }
+
+       /* Directory item. */
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(p_le_ih))
+               return prepare_for_direntry_item(path, p_le_ih, inode,
+                                                new_file_length,
+                                                cut_size);
+
+       /* Direct item. */
+       if (is_direct_le_ih(p_le_ih))
+               return prepare_for_direct_item(path, p_le_ih, inode,
+                                              new_file_length, cut_size);
+
+       /* Case of an indirect item. */
+       {
+           int blk_size = sb->s_blocksize;
+           struct item_head s_ih;
+           int need_re_search;
+           int delete = 0;
+           int result = M_CUT;
+           int pos = 0;
+
+           if ( new_file_length == max_reiserfs_offset (inode) ) {
+               /*
+                * prepare_for_delete_or_cut() is called by
+                * reiserfs_delete_item()
+                */
+               new_file_length = 0;
+               delete = 1;
+           }
+
+           do {
+               need_re_search = 0;
+               *cut_size = 0;
+               bh = PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path);
+               copy_item_head(&s_ih, tp_item_head(path));
+               pos = I_UNFM_NUM(&s_ih);
+
+               while (le_ih_k_offset (&s_ih) + (pos - 1) * blk_size > new_file_length) {
+                   __le32 *unfm;
+                   __u32 block;
+
+                   /*
+                    * Each unformatted block deletion may involve
+                    * one additional bitmap block into the transaction,
+                    * thereby the initial journal space reservation
+                    * might not be enough.
+                    */
+                   if (!delete && (*cut_size) != 0 &&
+                       reiserfs_transaction_free_space(th) < JOURNAL_FOR_FREE_BLOCK_AND_UPDATE_SD)
+                       break;
+
+                   unfm = (__le32 *)ih_item_body(bh, &s_ih) + pos - 1;
+                   block = get_block_num(unfm, 0);
+
+                   if (block != 0) {
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb, bh, 1);
+                       put_block_num(unfm, 0, 0);
+                       journal_mark_dirty(th, bh);
+                       reiserfs_free_block(th, inode, block, 1);
+                   }
+
+                   reiserfs_cond_resched(sb);
+
+                   if (item_moved (&s_ih, path))  {
+                       need_re_search = 1;
+                       break;
+                   }
+
+                   pos --;
+                   (*removed)++;
+                   (*cut_size) -= UNFM_P_SIZE;
+
+                   if (pos == 0) {
+                       (*cut_size) -= IH_SIZE;
+                       result = M_DELETE;
+                       break;
+                   }
+               }
+               /*
+                * a trick.  If the buffer has been logged, this will
+                * do nothing.  If we've broken the loop without logging
+                * it, it will restore the buffer
+                */
+               reiserfs_restore_prepared_buffer(sb, bh);
+           } while (need_re_search &&
+                    search_for_position_by_key(sb, item_key, path) == POSITION_FOUND);
+           pos_in_item(path) = pos * UNFM_P_SIZE;
+
+           if (*cut_size == 0) {
+               /*
+                * Nothing was cut. maybe convert last unformatted node to the
+                * direct item?
+                */
+               result = M_CONVERT;
+           }
+           return result;
+       }
+}
+
+/* Calculate number of bytes which will be deleted or cut during balance */
+static int calc_deleted_bytes_number(struct tree_balance *tb, char mode)
+{
+       int del_size;
+       struct item_head *p_le_ih = tp_item_head(tb->tb_path);
+
+       if (is_statdata_le_ih(p_le_ih))
+               return 0;
+
+       del_size =
+           (mode ==
+            M_DELETE) ? ih_item_len(p_le_ih) : -tb->insert_size[0];
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(p_le_ih)) {
+               /*
+                * return EMPTY_DIR_SIZE; We delete emty directories only.
+                * we can't use EMPTY_DIR_SIZE, as old format dirs have a
+                * different empty size.  ick. FIXME, is this right?
+                */
+               return del_size;
+       }
+
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(p_le_ih))
+               del_size = (del_size / UNFM_P_SIZE) *
+                               (PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(tb->tb_path)->b_size);
+       return del_size;
+}
+
+static void init_tb_struct(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                          struct tree_balance *tb,
+                          struct super_block *sb,
+                          struct treepath *path, int size)
+{
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       memset(tb, '\0', sizeof(struct tree_balance));
+       tb->transaction_handle = th;
+       tb->tb_sb = sb;
+       tb->tb_path = path;
+       PATH_OFFSET_PBUFFER(path, ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) = NULL;
+       PATH_OFFSET_POSITION(path, ILLEGAL_PATH_ELEMENT_OFFSET) = 0;
+       tb->insert_size[0] = size;
+}
+
+void padd_item(char *item, int total_length, int length)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = total_length; i > length;)
+               item[--i] = 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+char key2type(struct reiserfs_key *ih)
+{
+       if (is_direntry_le_key(2, ih))
+               return 'd';
+       if (is_direct_le_key(2, ih))
+               return 'D';
+       if (is_indirect_le_key(2, ih))
+               return 'i';
+       if (is_statdata_le_key(2, ih))
+               return 's';
+       return 'u';
+}
+
+char head2type(struct item_head *ih)
+{
+       if (is_direntry_le_ih(ih))
+               return 'd';
+       if (is_direct_le_ih(ih))
+               return 'D';
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih))
+               return 'i';
+       if (is_statdata_le_ih(ih))
+               return 's';
+       return 'u';
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Delete object item.
+ * th       - active transaction handle
+ * path     - path to the deleted item
+ * item_key - key to search for the deleted item
+ * indode   - used for updating i_blocks and quotas
+ * un_bh    - NULL or unformatted node pointer
+ */
+int reiserfs_delete_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                        struct treepath *path, const struct cpu_key *item_key,
+                        struct inode *inode, struct buffer_head *un_bh)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+       struct tree_balance s_del_balance;
+       struct item_head s_ih;
+       struct item_head *q_ih;
+       int quota_cut_bytes;
+       int ret_value, del_size, removed;
+       int depth;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       char mode;
+#endif
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       init_tb_struct(th, &s_del_balance, sb, path,
+                      0 /*size is unknown */ );
+
+       while (1) {
+               removed = 0;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+               mode =
+#endif
+                   prepare_for_delete_or_cut(th, inode, path,
+                                             item_key, &removed,
+                                             &del_size,
+                                             max_reiserfs_offset(inode));
+
+               RFALSE(mode != M_DELETE, "PAP-5320: mode must be M_DELETE");
+
+               copy_item_head(&s_ih, tp_item_head(path));
+               s_del_balance.insert_size[0] = del_size;
+
+               ret_value = fix_nodes(M_DELETE, &s_del_balance, NULL, NULL);
+               if (ret_value != REPEAT_SEARCH)
+                       break;
+
+               PROC_INFO_INC(sb, delete_item_restarted);
+
+               /* file system changed, repeat search */
+               ret_value =
+                   search_for_position_by_key(sb, item_key, path);
+               if (ret_value == IO_ERROR)
+                       break;
+               if (ret_value == FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "vs-5340",
+                                        "no items of the file %K found",
+                                        item_key);
+                       break;
+               }
+       }                       /* while (1) */
+
+       if (ret_value != CARRY_ON) {
+               unfix_nodes(&s_del_balance);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* reiserfs_delete_item returns item length when success */
+       ret_value = calc_deleted_bytes_number(&s_del_balance, M_DELETE);
+       q_ih = tp_item_head(path);
+       quota_cut_bytes = ih_item_len(q_ih);
+
+       /*
+        * hack so the quota code doesn't have to guess if the file has a
+        * tail.  On tail insert, we allocate quota for 1 unformatted node.
+        * We test the offset because the tail might have been
+        * split into multiple items, and we only want to decrement for
+        * the unfm node once
+        */
+       if (!S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) && is_direct_le_ih(q_ih)) {
+               if ((le_ih_k_offset(q_ih) & (sb->s_blocksize - 1)) == 1) {
+                       quota_cut_bytes = sb->s_blocksize + UNFM_P_SIZE;
+               } else {
+                       quota_cut_bytes = 0;
+               }
+       }
+
+       if (un_bh) {
+               int off;
+               char *data;
+
+               /*
+                * We are in direct2indirect conversion, so move tail contents
+                * to the unformatted node
+                */
+               /*
+                * note, we do the copy before preparing the buffer because we
+                * don't care about the contents of the unformatted node yet.
+                * the only thing we really care about is the direct item's
+                * data is in the unformatted node.
+                *
+                * Otherwise, we would have to call
+                * reiserfs_prepare_for_journal on the unformatted node,
+                * which might schedule, meaning we'd have to loop all the
+                * way back up to the start of the while loop.
+                *
+                * The unformatted node must be dirtied later on.  We can't be
+                * sure here if the entire tail has been deleted yet.
+                *
+                * un_bh is from the page cache (all unformatted nodes are
+                * from the page cache) and might be a highmem page.  So, we
+                * can't use un_bh->b_data.
+                * -clm
+                */
+
+               data = kmap_atomic(un_bh->b_page);
+               off = ((le_ih_k_offset(&s_ih) - 1) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
+               memcpy(data + off,
+                      ih_item_body(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path), &s_ih),
+                      ret_value);
+               kunmap_atomic(data);
+       }
+
+       /* Perform balancing after all resources have been collected at once. */
+       do_balance(&s_del_balance, NULL, NULL, M_DELETE);
+
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+       reiserfs_debug(sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                      "reiserquota delete_item(): freeing %u, id=%u type=%c",
+                      quota_cut_bytes, inode->i_uid, head2type(&s_ih));
+#endif
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+       dquot_free_space_nodirty(inode, quota_cut_bytes);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+
+       /* Return deleted body length */
+       return ret_value;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Summary Of Mechanisms For Handling Collisions Between Processes:
+ *
+ *  deletion of the body of the object is performed by iput(), with the
+ *  result that if multiple processes are operating on a file, the
+ *  deletion of the body of the file is deferred until the last process
+ *  that has an open inode performs its iput().
+ *
+ *  writes and truncates are protected from collisions by use of
+ *  semaphores.
+ *
+ *  creates, linking, and mknod are protected from collisions with other
+ *  processes by making the reiserfs_add_entry() the last step in the
+ *  creation, and then rolling back all changes if there was a collision.
+ *  - Hans
+*/
+
+/* this deletes item which never gets split */
+void reiserfs_delete_solid_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                               struct inode *inode, struct reiserfs_key *key)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = th->t_super;
+       struct tree_balance tb;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       int item_len = 0;
+       int tb_init = 0;
+       struct cpu_key cpu_key = {};
+       int retval;
+       int quota_cut_bytes = 0;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       le_key2cpu_key(&cpu_key, key);
+
+       while (1) {
+               retval = search_item(th->t_super, &cpu_key, &path);
+               if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+                       reiserfs_error(th->t_super, "vs-5350",
+                                      "i/o failure occurred trying "
+                                      "to delete %K", &cpu_key);
+                       break;
+               }
+               if (retval != ITEM_FOUND) {
+                       pathrelse(&path);
+                       /*
+                        * No need for a warning, if there is just no free
+                        * space to insert '..' item into the
+                        * newly-created subdir
+                        */
+                       if (!
+                           ((unsigned long long)
+                            GET_HASH_VALUE(le_key_k_offset
+                                           (le_key_version(key), key)) == 0
+                            && (unsigned long long)
+                            GET_GENERATION_NUMBER(le_key_k_offset
+                                                  (le_key_version(key),
+                                                   key)) == 1))
+                               reiserfs_warning(th->t_super, "vs-5355",
+                                                "%k not found", key);
+                       break;
+               }
+               if (!tb_init) {
+                       tb_init = 1;
+                       item_len = ih_item_len(tp_item_head(&path));
+                       init_tb_struct(th, &tb, th->t_super, &path,
+                                      -(IH_SIZE + item_len));
+               }
+               quota_cut_bytes = ih_item_len(tp_item_head(&path));
+
+               retval = fix_nodes(M_DELETE, &tb, NULL, NULL);
+               if (retval == REPEAT_SEARCH) {
+                       PROC_INFO_INC(th->t_super, delete_solid_item_restarted);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (retval == CARRY_ON) {
+                       do_balance(&tb, NULL, NULL, M_DELETE);
+                       /*
+                        * Should we count quota for item? (we don't
+                        * count quotas for save-links)
+                        */
+                       if (inode) {
+                               int depth;
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+                               reiserfs_debug(th->t_super, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                                              "reiserquota delete_solid_item(): freeing %u id=%u type=%c",
+                                              quota_cut_bytes, inode->i_uid,
+                                              key2type(key));
+#endif
+                               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+                               dquot_free_space_nodirty(inode,
+                                                        quota_cut_bytes);
+                               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               /* IO_ERROR, NO_DISK_SPACE, etc */
+               reiserfs_warning(th->t_super, "vs-5360",
+                                "could not delete %K due to fix_nodes failure",
+                                &cpu_key);
+               unfix_nodes(&tb);
+               break;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_check_path(&path);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_delete_object(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                          struct inode *inode)
+{
+       int err;
+       inode->i_size = 0;
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       /* for directory this deletes item containing "." and ".." */
+       err =
+           reiserfs_do_truncate(th, inode, NULL, 0 /*no timestamp updates */ );
+       if (err)
+               return err;
+
+#if defined( USE_INODE_GENERATION_COUNTER )
+       if (!old_format_only(th->t_super)) {
+               __le32 *inode_generation;
+
+               inode_generation =
+                   &REISERFS_SB(th->t_super)->s_rs->s_inode_generation;
+               le32_add_cpu(inode_generation, 1);
+       }
+/* USE_INODE_GENERATION_COUNTER */
+#endif
+       reiserfs_delete_solid_item(th, inode, INODE_PKEY(inode));
+
+       return err;
+}
+
+static void unmap_buffers(struct page *page, loff_t pos)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct buffer_head *head;
+       struct buffer_head *next;
+       unsigned long tail_index;
+       unsigned long cur_index;
+
+       if (page) {
+               if (page_has_buffers(page)) {
+                       tail_index = pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+                       cur_index = 0;
+                       head = page_buffers(page);
+                       bh = head;
+                       do {
+                               next = bh->b_this_page;
+
+                               /*
+                                * we want to unmap the buffers that contain
+                                * the tail, and all the buffers after it
+                                * (since the tail must be at the end of the
+                                * file).  We don't want to unmap file data
+                                * before the tail, since it might be dirty
+                                * and waiting to reach disk
+                                */
+                               cur_index += bh->b_size;
+                               if (cur_index > tail_index) {
+                                       reiserfs_unmap_buffer(bh);
+                               }
+                               bh = next;
+                       } while (bh != head);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static int maybe_indirect_to_direct(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                   struct inode *inode,
+                                   struct page *page,
+                                   struct treepath *path,
+                                   const struct cpu_key *item_key,
+                                   loff_t new_file_size, char *mode)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+       int block_size = sb->s_blocksize;
+       int cut_bytes;
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       BUG_ON(new_file_size != inode->i_size);
+
+       /*
+        * the page being sent in could be NULL if there was an i/o error
+        * reading in the last block.  The user will hit problems trying to
+        * read the file, but for now we just skip the indirect2direct
+        */
+       if (atomic_read(&inode->i_count) > 1 ||
+           !tail_has_to_be_packed(inode) ||
+           !page || (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_nopack_mask)) {
+               /* leave tail in an unformatted node */
+               *mode = M_SKIP_BALANCING;
+               cut_bytes =
+                   block_size - (new_file_size & (block_size - 1));
+               pathrelse(path);
+               return cut_bytes;
+       }
+
+       /* Perform the conversion to a direct_item. */
+       return indirect2direct(th, inode, page, path, item_key,
+                              new_file_size, mode);
+}
+
+/*
+ * we did indirect_to_direct conversion. And we have inserted direct
+ * item successesfully, but there were no disk space to cut unfm
+ * pointer being converted. Therefore we have to delete inserted
+ * direct item(s)
+ */
+static void indirect_to_direct_roll_back(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                                        struct inode *inode, struct treepath *path)
+{
+       struct cpu_key tail_key;
+       int tail_len;
+       int removed;
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       make_cpu_key(&tail_key, inode, inode->i_size + 1, TYPE_DIRECT, 4);
+       tail_key.key_length = 4;
+
+       tail_len =
+           (cpu_key_k_offset(&tail_key) & (inode->i_sb->s_blocksize - 1)) - 1;
+       while (tail_len) {
+               /* look for the last byte of the tail */
+               if (search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &tail_key, path) ==
+                   POSITION_NOT_FOUND)
+                       reiserfs_panic(inode->i_sb, "vs-5615",
+                                      "found invalid item");
+               RFALSE(path->pos_in_item !=
+                      ih_item_len(tp_item_head(path)) - 1,
+                      "vs-5616: appended bytes found");
+               PATH_LAST_POSITION(path)--;
+
+               removed =
+                   reiserfs_delete_item(th, path, &tail_key, inode,
+                                        NULL /*unbh not needed */ );
+               RFALSE(removed <= 0
+                      || removed > tail_len,
+                      "vs-5617: there was tail %d bytes, removed item length %d bytes",
+                      tail_len, removed);
+               tail_len -= removed;
+               set_cpu_key_k_offset(&tail_key,
+                                    cpu_key_k_offset(&tail_key) - removed);
+       }
+       reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "reiserfs-5091", "indirect_to_direct "
+                        "conversion has been rolled back due to "
+                        "lack of disk space");
+       mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+}
+
+/* (Truncate or cut entry) or delete object item. Returns < 0 on failure */
+int reiserfs_cut_from_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                          struct treepath *path,
+                          struct cpu_key *item_key,
+                          struct inode *inode,
+                          struct page *page, loff_t new_file_size)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+       /*
+        * Every function which is going to call do_balance must first
+        * create a tree_balance structure.  Then it must fill up this
+        * structure by using the init_tb_struct and fix_nodes functions.
+        * After that we can make tree balancing.
+        */
+       struct tree_balance s_cut_balance;
+       struct item_head *p_le_ih;
+       int cut_size = 0;       /* Amount to be cut. */
+       int ret_value = CARRY_ON;
+       int removed = 0;        /* Number of the removed unformatted nodes. */
+       int is_inode_locked = 0;
+       char mode;              /* Mode of the balance. */
+       int retval2 = -1;
+       int quota_cut_bytes;
+       loff_t tail_pos = 0;
+       int depth;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       init_tb_struct(th, &s_cut_balance, inode->i_sb, path,
+                      cut_size);
+
+       /*
+        * Repeat this loop until we either cut the item without needing
+        * to balance, or we fix_nodes without schedule occurring
+        */
+       while (1) {
+               /*
+                * Determine the balance mode, position of the first byte to
+                * be cut, and size to be cut.  In case of the indirect item
+                * free unformatted nodes which are pointed to by the cut
+                * pointers.
+                */
+
+               mode =
+                   prepare_for_delete_or_cut(th, inode, path,
+                                             item_key, &removed,
+                                             &cut_size, new_file_size);
+               if (mode == M_CONVERT) {
+                       /*
+                        * convert last unformatted node to direct item or
+                        * leave tail in the unformatted node
+                        */
+                       RFALSE(ret_value != CARRY_ON,
+                              "PAP-5570: can not convert twice");
+
+                       ret_value =
+                           maybe_indirect_to_direct(th, inode, page,
+                                                    path, item_key,
+                                                    new_file_size, &mode);
+                       if (mode == M_SKIP_BALANCING)
+                               /* tail has been left in the unformatted node */
+                               return ret_value;
+
+                       is_inode_locked = 1;
+
+                       /*
+                        * removing of last unformatted node will
+                        * change value we have to return to truncate.
+                        * Save it
+                        */
+                       retval2 = ret_value;
+
+                       /*
+                        * So, we have performed the first part of the
+                        * conversion:
+                        * inserting the new direct item.  Now we are
+                        * removing the last unformatted node pointer.
+                        * Set key to search for it.
+                        */
+                       set_cpu_key_k_type(item_key, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+                       item_key->key_length = 4;
+                       new_file_size -=
+                           (new_file_size & (sb->s_blocksize - 1));
+                       tail_pos = new_file_size;
+                       set_cpu_key_k_offset(item_key, new_file_size + 1);
+                       if (search_for_position_by_key
+                           (sb, item_key,
+                            path) == POSITION_NOT_FOUND) {
+                               print_block(PATH_PLAST_BUFFER(path), 3,
+                                           PATH_LAST_POSITION(path) - 1,
+                                           PATH_LAST_POSITION(path) + 1);
+                               reiserfs_panic(sb, "PAP-5580", "item to "
+                                              "convert does not exist (%K)",
+                                              item_key);
+                       }
+                       continue;
+               }
+               if (cut_size == 0) {
+                       pathrelse(path);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               s_cut_balance.insert_size[0] = cut_size;
+
+               ret_value = fix_nodes(mode, &s_cut_balance, NULL, NULL);
+               if (ret_value != REPEAT_SEARCH)
+                       break;
+
+               PROC_INFO_INC(sb, cut_from_item_restarted);
+
+               ret_value =
+                   search_for_position_by_key(sb, item_key, path);
+               if (ret_value == POSITION_FOUND)
+                       continue;
+
+               reiserfs_warning(sb, "PAP-5610", "item %K not found",
+                                item_key);
+               unfix_nodes(&s_cut_balance);
+               return (ret_value == IO_ERROR) ? -EIO : -ENOENT;
+       }                       /* while */
+
+       /* check fix_nodes results (IO_ERROR or NO_DISK_SPACE) */
+       if (ret_value != CARRY_ON) {
+               if (is_inode_locked) {
+                       /*
+                        * FIXME: this seems to be not needed: we are always
+                        * able to cut item
+                        */
+                       indirect_to_direct_roll_back(th, inode, path);
+               }
+               if (ret_value == NO_DISK_SPACE)
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "reiserfs-5092",
+                                        "NO_DISK_SPACE");
+               unfix_nodes(&s_cut_balance);
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+
+       /* go ahead and perform balancing */
+
+       RFALSE(mode == M_PASTE || mode == M_INSERT, "invalid mode");
+
+       /* Calculate number of bytes that need to be cut from the item. */
+       quota_cut_bytes =
+           (mode ==
+            M_DELETE) ? ih_item_len(tp_item_head(path)) : -s_cut_balance.
+           insert_size[0];
+       if (retval2 == -1)
+               ret_value = calc_deleted_bytes_number(&s_cut_balance, mode);
+       else
+               ret_value = retval2;
+
+       /*
+        * For direct items, we only change the quota when deleting the last
+        * item.
+        */
+       p_le_ih = tp_item_head(s_cut_balance.tb_path);
+       if (!S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) && is_direct_le_ih(p_le_ih)) {
+               if (mode == M_DELETE &&
+                   (le_ih_k_offset(p_le_ih) & (sb->s_blocksize - 1)) ==
+                   1) {
+                       /* FIXME: this is to keep 3.5 happy */
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = U32_MAX;
+                       quota_cut_bytes = sb->s_blocksize + UNFM_P_SIZE;
+               } else {
+                       quota_cut_bytes = 0;
+               }
+       }
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       if (is_inode_locked) {
+               struct item_head *le_ih =
+                   tp_item_head(s_cut_balance.tb_path);
+               /*
+                * we are going to complete indirect2direct conversion. Make
+                * sure, that we exactly remove last unformatted node pointer
+                * of the item
+                */
+               if (!is_indirect_le_ih(le_ih))
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "vs-5652",
+                                      "item must be indirect %h", le_ih);
+
+               if (mode == M_DELETE && ih_item_len(le_ih) != UNFM_P_SIZE)
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "vs-5653", "completing "
+                                      "indirect2direct conversion indirect "
+                                      "item %h being deleted must be of "
+                                      "4 byte long", le_ih);
+
+               if (mode == M_CUT
+                   && s_cut_balance.insert_size[0] != -UNFM_P_SIZE) {
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "vs-5654", "can not complete "
+                                      "indirect2direct conversion of %h "
+                                      "(CUT, insert_size==%d)",
+                                      le_ih, s_cut_balance.insert_size[0]);
+               }
+               /*
+                * it would be useful to make sure, that right neighboring
+                * item is direct item of this file
+                */
+       }
+#endif
+
+       do_balance(&s_cut_balance, NULL, NULL, mode);
+       if (is_inode_locked) {
+               /*
+                * we've done an indirect->direct conversion.  when the
+                * data block was freed, it was removed from the list of
+                * blocks that must be flushed before the transaction
+                * commits, make sure to unmap and invalidate it
+                */
+               unmap_buffers(page, tail_pos);
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_pack_on_close_mask;
+       }
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+       reiserfs_debug(inode->i_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                      "reiserquota cut_from_item(): freeing %u id=%u type=%c",
+                      quota_cut_bytes, inode->i_uid, '?');
+#endif
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+       dquot_free_space_nodirty(inode, quota_cut_bytes);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+       return ret_value;
+}
+
+static void truncate_directory(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                              struct inode *inode)
+{
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       if (inode->i_nlink)
+               reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "vs-5655", "link count != 0");
+
+       set_le_key_k_offset(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, INODE_PKEY(inode), DOT_OFFSET);
+       set_le_key_k_type(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, INODE_PKEY(inode), TYPE_DIRENTRY);
+       reiserfs_delete_solid_item(th, inode, INODE_PKEY(inode));
+       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+       set_le_key_k_offset(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, INODE_PKEY(inode), SD_OFFSET);
+       set_le_key_k_type(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, INODE_PKEY(inode), TYPE_STAT_DATA);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Truncate file to the new size. Note, this must be called with a
+ * transaction already started
+ */
+int reiserfs_do_truncate(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                        struct inode *inode,   /* ->i_size contains new size */
+                        struct page *page,     /* up to date for last block */
+                        /*
+                         * when it is called by file_release to convert
+                         * the tail - no timestamps should be updated
+                         */
+                        int update_timestamps
+    )
+{
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(s_search_path); /* Path to the current object item. */
+       struct item_head *p_le_ih;      /* Pointer to an item header. */
+
+       /* Key to search for a previous file item. */
+       struct cpu_key s_item_key;
+       loff_t file_size,       /* Old file size. */
+        new_file_size; /* New file size. */
+       int deleted;            /* Number of deleted or truncated bytes. */
+       int retval;
+       int err = 0;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+       if (!
+           (S_ISREG(inode->i_mode) || S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)
+            || S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode)))
+               return 0;
+
+       /* deletion of directory - no need to update timestamps */
+       if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+               truncate_directory(th, inode);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       /* Get new file size. */
+       new_file_size = inode->i_size;
+
+       /* FIXME: note, that key type is unimportant here */
+       make_cpu_key(&s_item_key, inode, max_reiserfs_offset(inode),
+                    TYPE_DIRECT, 3);
+
+       retval =
+           search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &s_item_key,
+                                      &s_search_path);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "vs-5657",
+                              "i/o failure occurred trying to truncate %K",
+                              &s_item_key);
+               err = -EIO;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       if (retval == POSITION_FOUND || retval == FILE_NOT_FOUND) {
+               reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "PAP-5660",
+                              "wrong result %d of search for %K", retval,
+                              &s_item_key);
+
+               err = -EIO;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       s_search_path.pos_in_item--;
+
+       /* Get real file size (total length of all file items) */
+       p_le_ih = tp_item_head(&s_search_path);
+       if (is_statdata_le_ih(p_le_ih))
+               file_size = 0;
+       else {
+               loff_t offset = le_ih_k_offset(p_le_ih);
+               int bytes =
+                   op_bytes_number(p_le_ih, inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+
+               /*
+                * this may mismatch with real file size: if last direct item
+                * had no padding zeros and last unformatted node had no free
+                * space, this file would have this file size
+                */
+               file_size = offset + bytes - 1;
+       }
+       /*
+        * are we doing a full truncate or delete, if so
+        * kick in the reada code
+        */
+       if (new_file_size == 0)
+               s_search_path.reada = PATH_READA | PATH_READA_BACK;
+
+       if (file_size == 0 || file_size < new_file_size) {
+               goto update_and_out;
+       }
+
+       /* Update key to search for the last file item. */
+       set_cpu_key_k_offset(&s_item_key, file_size);
+
+       do {
+               /* Cut or delete file item. */
+               deleted =
+                   reiserfs_cut_from_item(th, &s_search_path, &s_item_key,
+                                          inode, page, new_file_size);
+               if (deleted < 0) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "vs-5665",
+                                        "reiserfs_cut_from_item failed");
+                       reiserfs_check_path(&s_search_path);
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               RFALSE(deleted > file_size,
+                      "PAP-5670: reiserfs_cut_from_item: too many bytes deleted: deleted %d, file_size %lu, item_key %K",
+                      deleted, file_size, &s_item_key);
+
+               /* Change key to search the last file item. */
+               file_size -= deleted;
+
+               set_cpu_key_k_offset(&s_item_key, file_size);
+
+               /*
+                * While there are bytes to truncate and previous
+                * file item is presented in the tree.
+                */
+
+               /*
+                * This loop could take a really long time, and could log
+                * many more blocks than a transaction can hold.  So, we do
+                * a polite journal end here, and if the transaction needs
+                * ending, we make sure the file is consistent before ending
+                * the current trans and starting a new one
+                */
+               if (journal_transaction_should_end(th, 0) ||
+                   reiserfs_transaction_free_space(th) <= JOURNAL_FOR_FREE_BLOCK_AND_UPDATE_SD) {
+                       pathrelse(&s_search_path);
+
+                       if (update_timestamps) {
+                               inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode,
+                                                     current_time(inode));
+                               inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+                       }
+                       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+
+                       err = journal_end(th);
+                       if (err)
+                               goto out;
+                       err = journal_begin(th, inode->i_sb,
+                                           JOURNAL_FOR_FREE_BLOCK_AND_UPDATE_SD + JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 4) ;
+                       if (err)
+                               goto out;
+                       reiserfs_update_inode_transaction(inode);
+               }
+       } while (file_size > ROUND_UP(new_file_size) &&
+                search_for_position_by_key(inode->i_sb, &s_item_key,
+                                           &s_search_path) == POSITION_FOUND);
+
+       RFALSE(file_size > ROUND_UP(new_file_size),
+              "PAP-5680: truncate did not finish: new_file_size %lld, current %lld, oid %d",
+              new_file_size, file_size, s_item_key.on_disk_key.k_objectid);
+
+update_and_out:
+       if (update_timestamps) {
+               /* this is truncate, not file closing */
+               inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode, current_time(inode));
+               inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+       }
+       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+
+out:
+       pathrelse(&s_search_path);
+       return err;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+/* this makes sure, that we __append__, not overwrite or add holes */
+static void check_research_for_paste(struct treepath *path,
+                                    const struct cpu_key *key)
+{
+       struct item_head *found_ih = tp_item_head(path);
+
+       if (is_direct_le_ih(found_ih)) {
+               if (le_ih_k_offset(found_ih) +
+                   op_bytes_number(found_ih,
+                                   get_last_bh(path)->b_size) !=
+                   cpu_key_k_offset(key)
+                   || op_bytes_number(found_ih,
+                                      get_last_bh(path)->b_size) !=
+                   pos_in_item(path))
+                       reiserfs_panic(NULL, "PAP-5720", "found direct item "
+                                      "%h or position (%d) does not match "
+                                      "to key %K", found_ih,
+                                      pos_in_item(path), key);
+       }
+       if (is_indirect_le_ih(found_ih)) {
+               if (le_ih_k_offset(found_ih) +
+                   op_bytes_number(found_ih,
+                                   get_last_bh(path)->b_size) !=
+                   cpu_key_k_offset(key)
+                   || I_UNFM_NUM(found_ih) != pos_in_item(path)
+                   || get_ih_free_space(found_ih) != 0)
+                       reiserfs_panic(NULL, "PAP-5730", "found indirect "
+                                      "item (%h) or position (%d) does not "
+                                      "match to key (%K)",
+                                      found_ih, pos_in_item(path), key);
+       }
+}
+#endif                         /* config reiserfs check */
+
+/*
+ * Paste bytes to the existing item.
+ * Returns bytes number pasted into the item.
+ */
+int reiserfs_paste_into_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                            /* Path to the pasted item. */
+                            struct treepath *search_path,
+                            /* Key to search for the needed item. */
+                            const struct cpu_key *key,
+                            /* Inode item belongs to */
+                            struct inode *inode,
+                            /* Pointer to the bytes to paste. */
+                            const char *body,
+                            /* Size of pasted bytes. */
+                            int pasted_size)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+       struct tree_balance s_paste_balance;
+       int retval;
+       int fs_gen;
+       int depth;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb);
+
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+       reiserfs_debug(inode->i_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                      "reiserquota paste_into_item(): allocating %u id=%u type=%c",
+                      pasted_size, inode->i_uid,
+                      key2type(&key->on_disk_key));
+#endif
+
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+       retval = dquot_alloc_space_nodirty(inode, pasted_size);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+       if (retval) {
+               pathrelse(search_path);
+               return retval;
+       }
+       init_tb_struct(th, &s_paste_balance, th->t_super, search_path,
+                      pasted_size);
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+       s_paste_balance.key = key->on_disk_key;
+#endif
+
+       /* DQUOT_* can schedule, must check before the fix_nodes */
+       if (fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)) {
+               goto search_again;
+       }
+
+       while ((retval =
+               fix_nodes(M_PASTE, &s_paste_balance, NULL,
+                         body)) == REPEAT_SEARCH) {
+search_again:
+               /* file system changed while we were in the fix_nodes */
+               PROC_INFO_INC(th->t_super, paste_into_item_restarted);
+               retval =
+                   search_for_position_by_key(th->t_super, key,
+                                              search_path);
+               if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+                       retval = -EIO;
+                       goto error_out;
+               }
+               if (retval == POSITION_FOUND) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "PAP-5710",
+                                        "entry or pasted byte (%K) exists",
+                                        key);
+                       retval = -EEXIST;
+                       goto error_out;
+               }
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+               check_research_for_paste(search_path, key);
+#endif
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Perform balancing after all resources are collected by fix_nodes,
+        * and accessing them will not risk triggering schedule.
+        */
+       if (retval == CARRY_ON) {
+               do_balance(&s_paste_balance, NULL /*ih */ , body, M_PASTE);
+               return 0;
+       }
+       retval = (retval == NO_DISK_SPACE) ? -ENOSPC : -EIO;
+error_out:
+       /* this also releases the path */
+       unfix_nodes(&s_paste_balance);
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+       reiserfs_debug(inode->i_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                      "reiserquota paste_into_item(): freeing %u id=%u type=%c",
+                      pasted_size, inode->i_uid,
+                      key2type(&key->on_disk_key));
+#endif
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+       dquot_free_space_nodirty(inode, pasted_size);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Insert new item into the buffer at the path.
+ * th   - active transaction handle
+ * path - path to the inserted item
+ * ih   - pointer to the item header to insert
+ * body - pointer to the bytes to insert
+ */
+int reiserfs_insert_item(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                        struct treepath *path, const struct cpu_key *key,
+                        struct item_head *ih, struct inode *inode,
+                        const char *body)
+{
+       struct tree_balance s_ins_balance;
+       int retval;
+       int fs_gen = 0;
+       int quota_bytes = 0;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       if (inode) {            /* Do we count quotas for item? */
+               int depth;
+               fs_gen = get_generation(inode->i_sb);
+               quota_bytes = ih_item_len(ih);
+
+               /*
+                * hack so the quota code doesn't have to guess
+                * if the file has a tail, links are always tails,
+                * so there's no guessing needed
+                */
+               if (!S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode) && is_direct_le_ih(ih))
+                       quota_bytes = inode->i_sb->s_blocksize + UNFM_P_SIZE;
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+               reiserfs_debug(inode->i_sb, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                              "reiserquota insert_item(): allocating %u id=%u type=%c",
+                              quota_bytes, inode->i_uid, head2type(ih));
+#endif
+               /*
+                * We can't dirty inode here. It would be immediately
+                * written but appropriate stat item isn't inserted yet...
+                */
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+               retval = dquot_alloc_space_nodirty(inode, quota_bytes);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+               if (retval) {
+                       pathrelse(path);
+                       return retval;
+               }
+       }
+       init_tb_struct(th, &s_ins_balance, th->t_super, path,
+                      IH_SIZE + ih_item_len(ih));
+#ifdef DISPLACE_NEW_PACKING_LOCALITIES
+       s_ins_balance.key = key->on_disk_key;
+#endif
+       /*
+        * DQUOT_* can schedule, must check to be sure calling
+        * fix_nodes is safe
+        */
+       if (inode && fs_changed(fs_gen, inode->i_sb)) {
+               goto search_again;
+       }
+
+       while ((retval =
+               fix_nodes(M_INSERT, &s_ins_balance, ih,
+                         body)) == REPEAT_SEARCH) {
+search_again:
+               /* file system changed while we were in the fix_nodes */
+               PROC_INFO_INC(th->t_super, insert_item_restarted);
+               retval = search_item(th->t_super, key, path);
+               if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+                       retval = -EIO;
+                       goto error_out;
+               }
+               if (retval == ITEM_FOUND) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(th->t_super, "PAP-5760",
+                                        "key %K already exists in the tree",
+                                        key);
+                       retval = -EEXIST;
+                       goto error_out;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* make balancing after all resources will be collected at a time */
+       if (retval == CARRY_ON) {
+               do_balance(&s_ins_balance, ih, body, M_INSERT);
+               return 0;
+       }
+
+       retval = (retval == NO_DISK_SPACE) ? -ENOSPC : -EIO;
+error_out:
+       /* also releases the path */
+       unfix_nodes(&s_ins_balance);
+#ifdef REISERQUOTA_DEBUG
+       if (inode)
+               reiserfs_debug(th->t_super, REISERFS_DEBUG_CODE,
+                      "reiserquota insert_item(): freeing %u id=%u type=%c",
+                      quota_bytes, inode->i_uid, head2type(ih));
+#endif
+       if (inode) {
+               int depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+               dquot_free_space_nodirty(inode, quota_bytes);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+       }
+       return retval;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/super.c b/fs/reiserfs/super.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..ab76468da02d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/super.c
@@ -0,0 +1,2646 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright 2000 by Hans Reiser, licensing governed by reiserfs/README
+ *
+ * Trivial changes by Alan Cox to add the LFS fixes
+ *
+ * Trivial Changes:
+ * Rights granted to Hans Reiser to redistribute under other terms providing
+ * he accepts all liability including but not limited to patent, fitness
+ * for purpose, and direct or indirect claims arising from failure to perform.
+ *
+ * NO WARRANTY
+ */
+
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/blkdev.h>
+#include <linux/backing-dev.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include <linux/exportfs.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/vfs.h>
+#include <linux/mount.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/crc32.h>
+#include <linux/seq_file.h>
+
+struct file_system_type reiserfs_fs_type;
+
+static const char reiserfs_3_5_magic_string[] = REISERFS_SUPER_MAGIC_STRING;
+static const char reiserfs_3_6_magic_string[] = REISER2FS_SUPER_MAGIC_STRING;
+static const char reiserfs_jr_magic_string[] = REISER2FS_JR_SUPER_MAGIC_STRING;
+
+int is_reiserfs_3_5(struct reiserfs_super_block *rs)
+{
+       return !strncmp(rs->s_v1.s_magic, reiserfs_3_5_magic_string,
+                       strlen(reiserfs_3_5_magic_string));
+}
+
+int is_reiserfs_3_6(struct reiserfs_super_block *rs)
+{
+       return !strncmp(rs->s_v1.s_magic, reiserfs_3_6_magic_string,
+                       strlen(reiserfs_3_6_magic_string));
+}
+
+int is_reiserfs_jr(struct reiserfs_super_block *rs)
+{
+       return !strncmp(rs->s_v1.s_magic, reiserfs_jr_magic_string,
+                       strlen(reiserfs_jr_magic_string));
+}
+
+static int is_any_reiserfs_magic_string(struct reiserfs_super_block *rs)
+{
+       return (is_reiserfs_3_5(rs) || is_reiserfs_3_6(rs) ||
+               is_reiserfs_jr(rs));
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_remount(struct super_block *s, int *flags, char *data);
+static int reiserfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf);
+
+static int reiserfs_sync_fs(struct super_block *s, int wait)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+
+       /*
+        * Writeback quota in non-journalled quota case - journalled quota has
+        * no dirty dquots
+        */
+       dquot_writeback_dquots(s, -1);
+       reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+       if (!journal_begin(&th, s, 1))
+               if (!journal_end_sync(&th))
+                       reiserfs_flush_old_commits(s);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void flush_old_commits(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sbi;
+       struct super_block *s;
+
+       sbi = container_of(work, struct reiserfs_sb_info, old_work.work);
+       s = sbi->s_journal->j_work_sb;
+
+       /*
+        * We need s_umount for protecting quota writeback. We have to use
+        * trylock as reiserfs_cancel_old_flush() may be waiting for this work
+        * to complete with s_umount held.
+        */
+       if (!down_read_trylock(&s->s_umount)) {
+               /* Requeue work if we are not cancelling it */
+               spin_lock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+               if (sbi->work_queued == 1)
+                       queue_delayed_work(system_long_wq, &sbi->old_work, HZ);
+               spin_unlock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+               return;
+       }
+       spin_lock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+       /* Avoid clobbering the cancel state... */
+       if (sbi->work_queued == 1)
+               sbi->work_queued = 0;
+       spin_unlock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+
+       reiserfs_sync_fs(s, 1);
+       up_read(&s->s_umount);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_schedule_old_flush(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sbi = REISERFS_SB(s);
+       unsigned long delay;
+
+       /*
+        * Avoid scheduling flush when sb is being shut down. It can race
+        * with journal shutdown and free still queued delayed work.
+        */
+       if (sb_rdonly(s) || !(s->s_flags & SB_ACTIVE))
+               return;
+
+       spin_lock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+       if (!sbi->work_queued) {
+               delay = msecs_to_jiffies(dirty_writeback_interval * 10);
+               queue_delayed_work(system_long_wq, &sbi->old_work, delay);
+               sbi->work_queued = 1;
+       }
+       spin_unlock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+}
+
+void reiserfs_cancel_old_flush(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sbi = REISERFS_SB(s);
+
+       spin_lock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+       /* Make sure no new flushes will be queued */
+       sbi->work_queued = 2;
+       spin_unlock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+       cancel_delayed_work_sync(&REISERFS_SB(s)->old_work);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_freeze(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+
+       reiserfs_cancel_old_flush(s);
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+       if (!sb_rdonly(s)) {
+               int err = journal_begin(&th, s, 1);
+               if (err) {
+                       reiserfs_block_writes(&th);
+               } else {
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s),
+                                                    1);
+                       journal_mark_dirty(&th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+                       reiserfs_block_writes(&th);
+                       journal_end_sync(&th);
+               }
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_unfreeze(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sbi = REISERFS_SB(s);
+
+       reiserfs_allow_writes(s);
+       spin_lock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+       /* Allow old_work to run again */
+       sbi->work_queued = 0;
+       spin_unlock(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+extern const struct in_core_key MAX_IN_CORE_KEY;
+
+/*
+ * this is used to delete "save link" when there are no items of a
+ * file it points to. It can either happen if unlink is completed but
+ * "save unlink" removal, or if file has both unlink and truncate
+ * pending and as unlink completes first (because key of "save link"
+ * protecting unlink is bigger that a key lf "save link" which
+ * protects truncate), so there left no items to make truncate
+ * completion on
+ */
+static int remove_save_link_only(struct super_block *s,
+                                struct reiserfs_key *key, int oid_free)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int err;
+
+       /* we are going to do one balancing */
+       err = journal_begin(&th, s, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT);
+       if (err)
+               return err;
+
+       reiserfs_delete_solid_item(&th, NULL, key);
+       if (oid_free)
+               /* removals are protected by direct items */
+               reiserfs_release_objectid(&th, le32_to_cpu(key->k_objectid));
+
+       return journal_end(&th);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static int reiserfs_quota_on_mount(struct super_block *, int);
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Look for uncompleted unlinks and truncates and complete them
+ *
+ * Called with superblock write locked.  If quotas are enabled, we have to
+ * release/retake lest we call dquot_quota_on_mount(), proceed to
+ * schedule_on_each_cpu() in invalidate_bdev() and deadlock waiting for the per
+ * cpu worklets to complete flush_async_commits() that in turn wait for the
+ * superblock write lock.
+ */
+static int finish_unfinished(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       struct cpu_key max_cpu_key, obj_key;
+       struct reiserfs_key save_link_key, last_inode_key;
+       int retval = 0;
+       struct item_head *ih;
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       int item_pos;
+       char *item;
+       int done;
+       struct inode *inode;
+       int truncate;
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       int i;
+       int ms_active_set;
+       int quota_enabled[REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS];
+#endif
+
+       /* compose key to look for "save" links */
+       max_cpu_key.version = KEY_FORMAT_3_5;
+       max_cpu_key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = ~0U;
+       max_cpu_key.on_disk_key.k_objectid = ~0U;
+       set_cpu_key_k_offset(&max_cpu_key, ~0U);
+       max_cpu_key.key_length = 3;
+
+       memset(&last_inode_key, 0, sizeof(last_inode_key));
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       /* Needed for iput() to work correctly and not trash data */
+       if (s->s_flags & SB_ACTIVE) {
+               ms_active_set = 0;
+       } else {
+               ms_active_set = 1;
+               s->s_flags |= SB_ACTIVE;
+       }
+       /* Turn on quotas so that they are updated correctly */
+       for (i = 0; i < REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS; i++) {
+               quota_enabled[i] = 1;
+               if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[i]) {
+                       int ret;
+
+                       if (sb_has_quota_active(s, i)) {
+                               quota_enabled[i] = 0;
+                               continue;
+                       }
+                       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+                       ret = reiserfs_quota_on_mount(s, i);
+                       reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+                       if (ret < 0)
+                               reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-2500",
+                                                "cannot turn on journaled "
+                                                "quota: error %d", ret);
+               }
+       }
+#endif
+
+       done = 0;
+       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_is_unlinked_ok = 1;
+       while (!retval) {
+               int depth;
+               retval = search_item(s, &max_cpu_key, &path);
+               if (retval != ITEM_NOT_FOUND) {
+                       reiserfs_error(s, "vs-2140",
+                                      "search_by_key returned %d", retval);
+                       break;
+               }
+
+               bh = get_last_bh(&path);
+               item_pos = get_item_pos(&path);
+               if (item_pos != B_NR_ITEMS(bh)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "vs-2060",
+                                        "wrong position found");
+                       break;
+               }
+               item_pos--;
+               ih = item_head(bh, item_pos);
+
+               if (le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_dir_id) != MAX_KEY_OBJECTID)
+                       /* there are no "save" links anymore */
+                       break;
+
+               save_link_key = ih->ih_key;
+               if (is_indirect_le_ih(ih))
+                       truncate = 1;
+               else
+                       truncate = 0;
+
+               /* reiserfs_iget needs k_dirid and k_objectid only */
+               item = ih_item_body(bh, ih);
+               obj_key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = le32_to_cpu(*(__le32 *) item);
+               obj_key.on_disk_key.k_objectid =
+                   le32_to_cpu(ih->ih_key.k_objectid);
+               obj_key.on_disk_key.k_offset = 0;
+               obj_key.on_disk_key.k_type = 0;
+
+               pathrelse(&path);
+
+               inode = reiserfs_iget(s, &obj_key);
+               if (IS_ERR_OR_NULL(inode)) {
+                       /*
+                        * the unlink almost completed, it just did not
+                        * manage to remove "save" link and release objectid
+                        */
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "vs-2180", "iget failed for %K",
+                                        &obj_key);
+                       retval = remove_save_link_only(s, &save_link_key, 1);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (!truncate && inode->i_nlink) {
+                       /* file is not unlinked */
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "vs-2185",
+                                        "file %K is not unlinked",
+                                        &obj_key);
+                       retval = remove_save_link_only(s, &save_link_key, 0);
+                       continue;
+               }
+               depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(inode->i_sb);
+               dquot_initialize(inode);
+               reiserfs_write_lock_nested(inode->i_sb, depth);
+
+               if (truncate && S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode)) {
+                       /*
+                        * We got a truncate request for a dir which
+                        * is impossible.  The only imaginable way is to
+                        * execute unfinished truncate request then boot
+                        * into old kernel, remove the file and create dir
+                        * with the same key.
+                        */
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "green-2101",
+                                        "impossible truncate on a "
+                                        "directory %k. Please report",
+                                        INODE_PKEY(inode));
+                       retval = remove_save_link_only(s, &save_link_key, 0);
+                       truncate = 0;
+                       iput(inode);
+                       continue;
+               }
+
+               if (truncate) {
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |=
+                           i_link_saved_truncate_mask;
+                       /*
+                        * not completed truncate found. New size was
+                        * committed together with "save" link
+                        */
+                       reiserfs_info(s, "Truncating %k to %lld ..",
+                                     INODE_PKEY(inode), inode->i_size);
+
+                       /* don't update modification time */
+                       reiserfs_truncate_file(inode, 0);
+
+                       retval = remove_save_link(inode, truncate);
+               } else {
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_link_saved_unlink_mask;
+                       /* not completed unlink (rmdir) found */
+                       reiserfs_info(s, "Removing %k..", INODE_PKEY(inode));
+                       if (memcmp(&last_inode_key, INODE_PKEY(inode),
+                                       sizeof(last_inode_key))){
+                               last_inode_key = *INODE_PKEY(inode);
+                               /* removal gets completed in iput */
+                               retval = 0;
+                       } else {
+                               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-2189", "Dead loop "
+                                                "in finish_unfinished "
+                                                "detected, just remove "
+                                                "save link\n");
+                               retval = remove_save_link_only(s,
+                                                       &save_link_key, 0);
+                       }
+               }
+
+               iput(inode);
+               printk("done\n");
+               done++;
+       }
+       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_is_unlinked_ok = 0;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       /* Turn quotas off */
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+       for (i = 0; i < REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS; i++) {
+               if (sb_dqopt(s)->files[i] && quota_enabled[i])
+                       dquot_quota_off(s, i);
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+       if (ms_active_set)
+               /* Restore the flag back */
+               s->s_flags &= ~SB_ACTIVE;
+#endif
+       pathrelse(&path);
+       if (done)
+               reiserfs_info(s, "There were %d uncompleted unlinks/truncates. "
+                             "Completed\n", done);
+       return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * to protect file being unlinked from getting lost we "safe" link files
+ * being unlinked. This link will be deleted in the same transaction with last
+ * item of file. mounting the filesystem we scan all these links and remove
+ * files which almost got lost
+ */
+void add_save_link(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                  struct inode *inode, int truncate)
+{
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       int retval;
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       struct item_head ih;
+       __le32 link;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       /* file can only get one "save link" of each kind */
+       RFALSE(truncate &&
+              (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_link_saved_truncate_mask),
+              "saved link already exists for truncated inode %lx",
+              (long)inode->i_ino);
+       RFALSE(!truncate &&
+              (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_link_saved_unlink_mask),
+              "saved link already exists for unlinked inode %lx",
+              (long)inode->i_ino);
+
+       /* setup key of "save" link */
+       key.version = KEY_FORMAT_3_5;
+       key.on_disk_key.k_dir_id = MAX_KEY_OBJECTID;
+       key.on_disk_key.k_objectid = inode->i_ino;
+       if (!truncate) {
+               /* unlink, rmdir, rename */
+               set_cpu_key_k_offset(&key, 1 + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+               set_cpu_key_k_type(&key, TYPE_DIRECT);
+
+               /* item head of "safe" link */
+               make_le_item_head(&ih, &key, key.version,
+                                 1 + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize, TYPE_DIRECT,
+                                 4 /*length */ , 0xffff /*free space */ );
+       } else {
+               /* truncate */
+               if (S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+                       reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "green-2102",
+                                        "Adding a truncate savelink for "
+                                        "a directory %k! Please report",
+                                        INODE_PKEY(inode));
+               set_cpu_key_k_offset(&key, 1);
+               set_cpu_key_k_type(&key, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+
+               /* item head of "safe" link */
+               make_le_item_head(&ih, &key, key.version, 1, TYPE_INDIRECT,
+                                 4 /*length */ , 0 /*free space */ );
+       }
+       key.key_length = 3;
+
+       /* look for its place in the tree */
+       retval = search_item(inode->i_sb, &key, &path);
+       if (retval != ITEM_NOT_FOUND) {
+               if (retval != -ENOSPC)
+                       reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "vs-2100",
+                                      "search_by_key (%K) returned %d", &key,
+                                      retval);
+               pathrelse(&path);
+               return;
+       }
+
+       /* body of "save" link */
+       link = INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_dir_id;
+
+       /* put "save" link into tree, don't charge quota to anyone */
+       retval =
+           reiserfs_insert_item(th, &path, &key, &ih, NULL, (char *)&link);
+       if (retval) {
+               if (retval != -ENOSPC)
+                       reiserfs_error(inode->i_sb, "vs-2120",
+                                      "insert_item returned %d", retval);
+       } else {
+               if (truncate)
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |=
+                           i_link_saved_truncate_mask;
+               else
+                       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_link_saved_unlink_mask;
+       }
+}
+
+/* this opens transaction unlike add_save_link */
+int remove_save_link(struct inode *inode, int truncate)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       struct reiserfs_key key;
+       int err;
+
+       /* we are going to do one balancing only */
+       err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT);
+       if (err)
+               return err;
+
+       /* setup key of "save" link */
+       key.k_dir_id = cpu_to_le32(MAX_KEY_OBJECTID);
+       key.k_objectid = INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid;
+       if (!truncate) {
+               /* unlink, rmdir, rename */
+               set_le_key_k_offset(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &key,
+                                   1 + inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+               set_le_key_k_type(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &key, TYPE_DIRECT);
+       } else {
+               /* truncate */
+               set_le_key_k_offset(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &key, 1);
+               set_le_key_k_type(KEY_FORMAT_3_5, &key, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+       }
+
+       if ((truncate &&
+            (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_link_saved_truncate_mask)) ||
+           (!truncate &&
+            (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_link_saved_unlink_mask)))
+               /* don't take quota bytes from anywhere */
+               reiserfs_delete_solid_item(&th, NULL, &key);
+       if (!truncate) {
+               reiserfs_release_objectid(&th, inode->i_ino);
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_link_saved_unlink_mask;
+       } else
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags &= ~i_link_saved_truncate_mask;
+
+       return journal_end(&th);
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_kill_sb(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       if (REISERFS_SB(s)) {
+               reiserfs_proc_info_done(s);
+               /*
+                * Force any pending inode evictions to occur now. Any
+                * inodes to be removed that have extended attributes
+                * associated with them need to clean them up before
+                * we can release the extended attribute root dentries.
+                * shrink_dcache_for_umount will BUG if we don't release
+                * those before it's called so ->put_super is too late.
+                */
+               shrink_dcache_sb(s);
+
+               dput(REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_root);
+               REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_root = NULL;
+               dput(REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root);
+               REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root = NULL;
+       }
+
+       kill_block_super(s);
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static int reiserfs_quota_off(struct super_block *sb, int type);
+
+static void reiserfs_quota_off_umount(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       int type;
+
+       for (type = 0; type < REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS; type++)
+               reiserfs_quota_off(s, type);
+}
+#else
+static inline void reiserfs_quota_off_umount(struct super_block *s)
+{
+}
+#endif
+
+static void reiserfs_put_super(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       th.t_trans_id = 0;
+
+       reiserfs_quota_off_umount(s);
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+
+       /*
+        * change file system state to current state if it was mounted
+        * with read-write permissions
+        */
+       if (!sb_rdonly(s)) {
+               if (!journal_begin(&th, s, 10)) {
+                       reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s),
+                                                    1);
+                       set_sb_umount_state(SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s),
+                                           REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state);
+                       journal_mark_dirty(&th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * note, journal_release checks for readonly mount, and can
+        * decide not to do a journal_end
+        */
+       journal_release(&th, s);
+
+       reiserfs_free_bitmap_cache(s);
+
+       brelse(SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+
+       print_statistics(s);
+
+       if (REISERFS_SB(s)->reserved_blocks != 0) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "green-2005", "reserved blocks left %d",
+                                REISERFS_SB(s)->reserved_blocks);
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+       mutex_destroy(&REISERFS_SB(s)->lock);
+       destroy_workqueue(REISERFS_SB(s)->commit_wq);
+       kfree(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jdev);
+       kfree(s->s_fs_info);
+       s->s_fs_info = NULL;
+}
+
+static struct kmem_cache *reiserfs_inode_cachep;
+
+static struct inode *reiserfs_alloc_inode(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei;
+       ei = alloc_inode_sb(sb, reiserfs_inode_cachep, GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!ei)
+               return NULL;
+       atomic_set(&ei->openers, 0);
+       mutex_init(&ei->tailpack);
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       memset(&ei->i_dquot, 0, sizeof(ei->i_dquot));
+#endif
+
+       return &ei->vfs_inode;
+}
+
+static void reiserfs_free_inode(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       kmem_cache_free(reiserfs_inode_cachep, REISERFS_I(inode));
+}
+
+static void init_once(void *foo)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_inode_info *ei = (struct reiserfs_inode_info *)foo;
+
+       INIT_LIST_HEAD(&ei->i_prealloc_list);
+       inode_init_once(&ei->vfs_inode);
+}
+
+static int __init init_inodecache(void)
+{
+       reiserfs_inode_cachep = kmem_cache_create("reiser_inode_cache",
+                                                 sizeof(struct
+                                                        reiserfs_inode_info),
+                                                 0, (SLAB_RECLAIM_ACCOUNT|
+                                                     SLAB_ACCOUNT),
+                                                 init_once);
+       if (reiserfs_inode_cachep == NULL)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static void destroy_inodecache(void)
+{
+       /*
+        * Make sure all delayed rcu free inodes are flushed before we
+        * destroy cache.
+        */
+       rcu_barrier();
+       kmem_cache_destroy(reiserfs_inode_cachep);
+}
+
+/* we don't mark inodes dirty, we just log them */
+static void reiserfs_dirty_inode(struct inode *inode, int flags)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+
+       int err = 0;
+
+       if (sb_rdonly(inode->i_sb)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "clm-6006",
+                                "writing inode %lu on readonly FS",
+                                inode->i_ino);
+               return;
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+
+       /*
+        * this is really only used for atime updates, so they don't have
+        * to be included in O_SYNC or fsync
+        */
+       err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, 1);
+       if (err)
+               goto out;
+
+       reiserfs_update_sd(&th, inode);
+       journal_end(&th);
+
+out:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_show_options(struct seq_file *seq, struct dentry *root)
+{
+       struct super_block *s = root->d_sb;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       long opts = REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt;
+
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_LARGETAIL))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",tails=on");
+       else if (!(opts & (1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL)))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",notail");
+       /* tails=small is default so we don't show it */
+
+       if (!(opts & (1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH)))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",barrier=none");
+       /* barrier=flush is default so we don't show it */
+
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",errors=continue");
+       else if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",errors=panic");
+       /* errors=ro is default so we don't show it */
+
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_LOG))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",data=journal");
+       else if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",data=writeback");
+       /* data=ordered is default so we don't show it */
+
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_ATTRS))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",attrs");
+
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_XATTRS_USER))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",user_xattr");
+
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_EXPOSE_PRIVROOT))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",expose_privroot");
+
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_POSIXACL))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",acl");
+
+       if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jdev)
+               seq_show_option(seq, "jdev", REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jdev);
+
+       if (journal->j_max_commit_age != journal->j_default_max_commit_age)
+               seq_printf(seq, ",commit=%d", journal->j_max_commit_age);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[USRQUOTA])
+               seq_show_option(seq, "usrjquota",
+                               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[USRQUOTA]);
+       else if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_USRQUOTA))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",usrquota");
+       if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[GRPQUOTA])
+               seq_show_option(seq, "grpjquota",
+                               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[GRPQUOTA]);
+       else if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_GRPQUOTA))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",grpquota");
+       if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jquota_fmt) {
+               if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jquota_fmt == QFMT_VFS_OLD)
+                       seq_puts(seq, ",jqfmt=vfsold");
+               else if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jquota_fmt == QFMT_VFS_V0)
+                       seq_puts(seq, ",jqfmt=vfsv0");
+       }
+#endif
+
+       /* Block allocator options */
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_NO_BORDER))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",block-allocator=noborder");
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_NO_UNHASHED_RELOCATION))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",block-allocator=no_unhashed_relocation");
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_HASHED_RELOCATION))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",block-allocator=hashed_relocation");
+       if (opts & (1 << REISERFS_TEST4))
+               seq_puts(seq, ",block-allocator=test4");
+       show_alloc_options(seq, s);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static ssize_t reiserfs_quota_write(struct super_block *, int, const char *,
+                                   size_t, loff_t);
+static ssize_t reiserfs_quota_read(struct super_block *, int, char *, size_t,
+                                  loff_t);
+
+static struct dquot __rcu **reiserfs_get_dquots(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       return REISERFS_I(inode)->i_dquot;
+}
+#endif
+
+static const struct super_operations reiserfs_sops = {
+       .alloc_inode = reiserfs_alloc_inode,
+       .free_inode = reiserfs_free_inode,
+       .write_inode = reiserfs_write_inode,
+       .dirty_inode = reiserfs_dirty_inode,
+       .evict_inode = reiserfs_evict_inode,
+       .put_super = reiserfs_put_super,
+       .sync_fs = reiserfs_sync_fs,
+       .freeze_fs = reiserfs_freeze,
+       .unfreeze_fs = reiserfs_unfreeze,
+       .statfs = reiserfs_statfs,
+       .remount_fs = reiserfs_remount,
+       .show_options = reiserfs_show_options,
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       .quota_read = reiserfs_quota_read,
+       .quota_write = reiserfs_quota_write,
+       .get_dquots = reiserfs_get_dquots,
+#endif
+};
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+#define QTYPE2NAME(t) ((t)==USRQUOTA?"user":"group")
+
+static int reiserfs_write_dquot(struct dquot *);
+static int reiserfs_acquire_dquot(struct dquot *);
+static int reiserfs_release_dquot(struct dquot *);
+static int reiserfs_mark_dquot_dirty(struct dquot *);
+static int reiserfs_write_info(struct super_block *, int);
+static int reiserfs_quota_on(struct super_block *, int, int, const struct path *);
+
+static const struct dquot_operations reiserfs_quota_operations = {
+       .write_dquot = reiserfs_write_dquot,
+       .acquire_dquot = reiserfs_acquire_dquot,
+       .release_dquot = reiserfs_release_dquot,
+       .mark_dirty = reiserfs_mark_dquot_dirty,
+       .write_info = reiserfs_write_info,
+       .alloc_dquot    = dquot_alloc,
+       .destroy_dquot  = dquot_destroy,
+       .get_next_id    = dquot_get_next_id,
+};
+
+static const struct quotactl_ops reiserfs_qctl_operations = {
+       .quota_on = reiserfs_quota_on,
+       .quota_off = reiserfs_quota_off,
+       .quota_sync = dquot_quota_sync,
+       .get_state = dquot_get_state,
+       .set_info = dquot_set_dqinfo,
+       .get_dqblk = dquot_get_dqblk,
+       .set_dqblk = dquot_set_dqblk,
+};
+#endif
+
+static const struct export_operations reiserfs_export_ops = {
+       .encode_fh = reiserfs_encode_fh,
+       .fh_to_dentry = reiserfs_fh_to_dentry,
+       .fh_to_parent = reiserfs_fh_to_parent,
+       .get_parent = reiserfs_get_parent,
+};
+
+/*
+ * this struct is used in reiserfs_getopt () for containing the value for
+ * those mount options that have values rather than being toggles.
+ */
+typedef struct {
+       char *value;
+       /*
+        * bitmask which is to set on mount_options bitmask
+        * when this value is found, 0 is no bits are to be changed.
+        */
+       int setmask;
+       /*
+        * bitmask which is to clear on mount_options bitmask
+        * when this value is found, 0 is no bits are to be changed.
+        * This is applied BEFORE setmask
+        */
+       int clrmask;
+} arg_desc_t;
+
+/* Set this bit in arg_required to allow empty arguments */
+#define REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY 31
+
+/*
+ * this struct is used in reiserfs_getopt() for describing the
+ * set of reiserfs mount options
+ */
+typedef struct {
+       char *option_name;
+
+       /* 0 if argument is not required, not 0 otherwise */
+       int arg_required;
+
+       /* list of values accepted by an option */
+       const arg_desc_t *values;
+
+       /*
+        * bitmask which is to set on mount_options bitmask
+        * when this value is found, 0 is no bits are to be changed.
+        */
+       int setmask;
+
+       /*
+        * bitmask which is to clear on mount_options bitmask
+        * when this value is found, 0 is no bits are to be changed.
+        * This is applied BEFORE setmask
+        */
+       int clrmask;
+} opt_desc_t;
+
+/* possible values for -o data= */
+static const arg_desc_t logging_mode[] = {
+       {"ordered", 1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED,
+        (1 << REISERFS_DATA_LOG | 1 << REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK)},
+       {"journal", 1 << REISERFS_DATA_LOG,
+        (1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED | 1 << REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK)},
+       {"writeback", 1 << REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK,
+        (1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED | 1 << REISERFS_DATA_LOG)},
+       {.value = NULL}
+};
+
+/* possible values for -o barrier= */
+static const arg_desc_t barrier_mode[] = {
+       {"none", 1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE, 1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH},
+       {"flush", 1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH, 1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE},
+       {.value = NULL}
+};
+
+/*
+ * possible values for "-o block-allocator=" and bits which are to be set in
+ * s_mount_opt of reiserfs specific part of in-core super block
+ */
+static const arg_desc_t balloc[] = {
+       {"noborder", 1 << REISERFS_NO_BORDER, 0},
+       {"border", 0, 1 << REISERFS_NO_BORDER},
+       {"no_unhashed_relocation", 1 << REISERFS_NO_UNHASHED_RELOCATION, 0},
+       {"hashed_relocation", 1 << REISERFS_HASHED_RELOCATION, 0},
+       {"test4", 1 << REISERFS_TEST4, 0},
+       {"notest4", 0, 1 << REISERFS_TEST4},
+       {NULL, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static const arg_desc_t tails[] = {
+       {"on", 1 << REISERFS_LARGETAIL, 1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL},
+       {"off", 0, (1 << REISERFS_LARGETAIL) | (1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL)},
+       {"small", 1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL, 1 << REISERFS_LARGETAIL},
+       {NULL, 0, 0}
+};
+
+static const arg_desc_t error_actions[] = {
+       {"panic", 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC,
+        (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO | 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE)},
+       {"ro-remount", 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO,
+        (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC | 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE)},
+#ifdef REISERFS_JOURNAL_ERROR_ALLOWS_NO_LOG
+       {"continue", 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE,
+        (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC | 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO)},
+#endif
+       {NULL, 0, 0},
+};
+
+/*
+ * proceed only one option from a list *cur - string containing of mount
+ * options
+ * opts - array of options which are accepted
+ * opt_arg - if option is found and requires an argument and if it is specifed
+ * in the input - pointer to the argument is stored here
+ * bit_flags - if option requires to set a certain bit - it is set here
+ * return -1 if unknown option is found, opt->arg_required otherwise
+ */
+static int reiserfs_getopt(struct super_block *s, char **cur, opt_desc_t * opts,
+                          char **opt_arg, unsigned long *bit_flags)
+{
+       char *p;
+       /*
+        * foo=bar,
+        * ^   ^  ^
+        * |   |  +-- option_end
+        * |   +-- arg_start
+        * +-- option_start
+        */
+       const opt_desc_t *opt;
+       const arg_desc_t *arg;
+
+       p = *cur;
+
+       /* assume argument cannot contain commas */
+       *cur = strchr(p, ',');
+       if (*cur) {
+               *(*cur) = '\0';
+               (*cur)++;
+       }
+
+       if (!strncmp(p, "alloc=", 6)) {
+               /*
+                * Ugly special case, probably we should redo options
+                * parser so that it can understand several arguments for
+                * some options, also so that it can fill several bitfields
+                * with option values.
+                */
+               if (reiserfs_parse_alloc_options(s, p + 6)) {
+                       return -1;
+               } else {
+                       return 0;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /* for every option in the list */
+       for (opt = opts; opt->option_name; opt++) {
+               if (!strncmp(p, opt->option_name, strlen(opt->option_name))) {
+                       if (bit_flags) {
+                               if (opt->clrmask ==
+                                   (1 << REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT))
+                                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6500",
+                                                        "%s not supported.\n",
+                                                        p);
+                               else
+                                       *bit_flags &= ~opt->clrmask;
+                               if (opt->setmask ==
+                                   (1 << REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT))
+                                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6501",
+                                                        "%s not supported.\n",
+                                                        p);
+                               else
+                                       *bit_flags |= opt->setmask;
+                       }
+                       break;
+               }
+       }
+       if (!opt->option_name) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6502",
+                                "unknown mount option \"%s\"", p);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       p += strlen(opt->option_name);
+       switch (*p) {
+       case '=':
+               if (!opt->arg_required) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6503",
+                                        "the option \"%s\" does not "
+                                        "require an argument\n",
+                                        opt->option_name);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               break;
+
+       case 0:
+               if (opt->arg_required) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6504",
+                                        "the option \"%s\" requires an "
+                                        "argument\n", opt->option_name);
+                       return -1;
+               }
+               break;
+       default:
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6505",
+                                "head of option \"%s\" is only correct\n",
+                                opt->option_name);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * move to the argument, or to next option if argument is not
+        * required
+        */
+       p++;
+
+       if (opt->arg_required
+           && !(opt->arg_required & (1 << REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY))
+           && !strlen(p)) {
+               /* this catches "option=," if not allowed */
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6506",
+                                "empty argument for \"%s\"\n",
+                                opt->option_name);
+               return -1;
+       }
+
+       if (!opt->values) {
+               /* *=NULLopt_arg contains pointer to argument */
+               *opt_arg = p;
+               return opt->arg_required & ~(1 << REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY);
+       }
+
+       /* values possible for this option are listed in opt->values */
+       for (arg = opt->values; arg->value; arg++) {
+               if (!strcmp(p, arg->value)) {
+                       if (bit_flags) {
+                               *bit_flags &= ~arg->clrmask;
+                               *bit_flags |= arg->setmask;
+                       }
+                       return opt->arg_required;
+               }
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6506",
+                        "bad value \"%s\" for option \"%s\"\n", p,
+                        opt->option_name);
+       return -1;
+}
+
+/* returns 0 if something is wrong in option string, 1 - otherwise */
+static int reiserfs_parse_options(struct super_block *s,
+
+                                 /* string given via mount's -o */
+                                 char *options,
+
+                                 /*
+                                  * after the parsing phase, contains the
+                                  * collection of bitflags defining what
+                                  * mount options were selected.
+                                  */
+                                 unsigned long *mount_options,
+
+                                 /* strtol-ed from NNN of resize=NNN */
+                                 unsigned long *blocks,
+                                 char **jdev_name,
+                                 unsigned int *commit_max_age,
+                                 char **qf_names,
+                                 unsigned int *qfmt)
+{
+       int c;
+       char *arg = NULL;
+       char *pos;
+       opt_desc_t opts[] = {
+               /*
+                * Compatibility stuff, so that -o notail for old
+                * setups still work
+                */
+               {"tails",.arg_required = 't',.values = tails},
+               {"notail",.clrmask =
+                (1 << REISERFS_LARGETAIL) | (1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL)},
+               {"conv",.setmask = 1 << REISERFS_CONVERT},
+               {"attrs",.setmask = 1 << REISERFS_ATTRS},
+               {"noattrs",.clrmask = 1 << REISERFS_ATTRS},
+               {"expose_privroot", .setmask = 1 << REISERFS_EXPOSE_PRIVROOT},
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+               {"user_xattr",.setmask = 1 << REISERFS_XATTRS_USER},
+               {"nouser_xattr",.clrmask = 1 << REISERFS_XATTRS_USER},
+#else
+               {"user_xattr",.setmask = 1 << REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT},
+               {"nouser_xattr",.clrmask = 1 << REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT},
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_POSIX_ACL
+               {"acl",.setmask = 1 << REISERFS_POSIXACL},
+               {"noacl",.clrmask = 1 << REISERFS_POSIXACL},
+#else
+               {"acl",.setmask = 1 << REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT},
+               {"noacl",.clrmask = 1 << REISERFS_UNSUPPORTED_OPT},
+#endif
+               {.option_name = "nolog"},
+               {"replayonly",.setmask = 1 << REPLAYONLY},
+               {"block-allocator",.arg_required = 'a',.values = balloc},
+               {"data",.arg_required = 'd',.values = logging_mode},
+               {"barrier",.arg_required = 'b',.values = barrier_mode},
+               {"resize",.arg_required = 'r',.values = NULL},
+               {"jdev",.arg_required = 'j',.values = NULL},
+               {"nolargeio",.arg_required = 'w',.values = NULL},
+               {"commit",.arg_required = 'c',.values = NULL},
+               {"usrquota",.setmask = 1 << REISERFS_USRQUOTA},
+               {"grpquota",.setmask = 1 << REISERFS_GRPQUOTA},
+               {"noquota",.clrmask = 1 << REISERFS_USRQUOTA | 1 << REISERFS_GRPQUOTA},
+               {"errors",.arg_required = 'e',.values = error_actions},
+               {"usrjquota",.arg_required =
+                'u' | (1 << REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY),.values = NULL},
+               {"grpjquota",.arg_required =
+                'g' | (1 << REISERFS_OPT_ALLOWEMPTY),.values = NULL},
+               {"jqfmt",.arg_required = 'f',.values = NULL},
+               {.option_name = NULL}
+       };
+
+       *blocks = 0;
+       if (!options || !*options)
+               /*
+                * use default configuration: create tails, journaling on, no
+                * conversion to newest format
+                */
+               return 1;
+
+       for (pos = options; pos;) {
+               c = reiserfs_getopt(s, &pos, opts, &arg, mount_options);
+               if (c == -1)
+                       /* wrong option is given */
+                       return 0;
+
+               if (c == 'r') {
+                       char *p;
+
+                       p = NULL;
+                       /* "resize=NNN" or "resize=auto" */
+
+                       if (!strcmp(arg, "auto")) {
+                               /* From JFS code, to auto-get the size. */
+                               *blocks = sb_bdev_nr_blocks(s);
+                       } else {
+                               *blocks = simple_strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
+                               if (*p != '\0') {
+                                       /* NNN does not look like a number */
+                                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6507",
+                                                        "bad value %s for "
+                                                        "-oresize\n", arg);
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                       }
+               }
+
+               if (c == 'c') {
+                       char *p = NULL;
+                       unsigned long val = simple_strtoul(arg, &p, 0);
+                       /* commit=NNN (time in seconds) */
+                       if (*p != '\0' || val >= (unsigned int)-1) {
+                               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6508",
+                                                "bad value %s for -ocommit\n",
+                                                arg);
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+                       *commit_max_age = (unsigned int)val;
+               }
+
+               if (c == 'w') {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6509", "nolargeio option "
+                                        "is no longer supported");
+                       return 0;
+               }
+
+               if (c == 'j') {
+                       if (arg && *arg && jdev_name) {
+                               /* Hm, already assigned? */
+                               if (*jdev_name) {
+                                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6510",
+                                                        "journal device was "
+                                                        "already specified to "
+                                                        "be %s", *jdev_name);
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                               *jdev_name = arg;
+                       }
+               }
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+               if (c == 'u' || c == 'g') {
+                       int qtype = c == 'u' ? USRQUOTA : GRPQUOTA;
+
+                       if (sb_any_quota_loaded(s) &&
+                           (!*arg != !REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype])) {
+                               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6511",
+                                                "cannot change journaled "
+                                                "quota options when quota "
+                                                "turned on.");
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+                       if (qf_names[qtype] !=
+                           REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype])
+                               kfree(qf_names[qtype]);
+                       qf_names[qtype] = NULL;
+                       if (*arg) {     /* Some filename specified? */
+                               if (REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype]
+                                   && strcmp(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[qtype],
+                                             arg)) {
+                                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6512",
+                                                        "%s quota file "
+                                                        "already specified.",
+                                                        QTYPE2NAME(qtype));
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                               if (strchr(arg, '/')) {
+                                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6513",
+                                                        "quotafile must be "
+                                                        "on filesystem root.");
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                               qf_names[qtype] = kstrdup(arg, GFP_KERNEL);
+                               if (!qf_names[qtype]) {
+                                       reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-2502",
+                                                        "not enough memory "
+                                                        "for storing "
+                                                        "quotafile name.");
+                                       return 0;
+                               }
+                               if (qtype == USRQUOTA)
+                                       *mount_options |= 1 << REISERFS_USRQUOTA;
+                               else
+                                       *mount_options |= 1 << REISERFS_GRPQUOTA;
+                       } else {
+                               if (qtype == USRQUOTA)
+                                       *mount_options &= ~(1 << REISERFS_USRQUOTA);
+                               else
+                                       *mount_options &= ~(1 << REISERFS_GRPQUOTA);
+                       }
+               }
+               if (c == 'f') {
+                       if (!strcmp(arg, "vfsold"))
+                               *qfmt = QFMT_VFS_OLD;
+                       else if (!strcmp(arg, "vfsv0"))
+                               *qfmt = QFMT_VFS_V0;
+                       else {
+                               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6514",
+                                                "unknown quota format "
+                                                "specified.");
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+                       if (sb_any_quota_loaded(s) &&
+                           *qfmt != REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jquota_fmt) {
+                               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6515",
+                                                "cannot change journaled "
+                                                "quota options when quota "
+                                                "turned on.");
+                               return 0;
+                       }
+               }
+#else
+               if (c == 'u' || c == 'g' || c == 'f') {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-2503", "journaled "
+                                        "quota options not supported.");
+                       return 0;
+               }
+#endif
+       }
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       if (!REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jquota_fmt && !*qfmt
+           && (qf_names[USRQUOTA] || qf_names[GRPQUOTA])) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6515",
+                                "journaled quota format not specified.");
+               return 0;
+       }
+       if ((!(*mount_options & (1 << REISERFS_USRQUOTA)) &&
+              sb_has_quota_loaded(s, USRQUOTA)) ||
+           (!(*mount_options & (1 << REISERFS_GRPQUOTA)) &&
+              sb_has_quota_loaded(s, GRPQUOTA))) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6516", "quota options must "
+                                "be present when quota is turned on.");
+               return 0;
+       }
+#endif
+
+       return 1;
+}
+
+static void switch_data_mode(struct super_block *s, unsigned long mode)
+{
+       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt &= ~((1 << REISERFS_DATA_LOG) |
+                                        (1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED) |
+                                        (1 << REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK));
+       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt |= (1 << mode);
+}
+
+static void handle_data_mode(struct super_block *s, unsigned long mount_options)
+{
+       if (mount_options & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_LOG)) {
+               if (!reiserfs_data_log(s)) {
+                       switch_data_mode(s, REISERFS_DATA_LOG);
+                       reiserfs_info(s, "switching to journaled data mode\n");
+               }
+       } else if (mount_options & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED)) {
+               if (!reiserfs_data_ordered(s)) {
+                       switch_data_mode(s, REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED);
+                       reiserfs_info(s, "switching to ordered data mode\n");
+               }
+       } else if (mount_options & (1 << REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK)) {
+               if (!reiserfs_data_writeback(s)) {
+                       switch_data_mode(s, REISERFS_DATA_WRITEBACK);
+                       reiserfs_info(s, "switching to writeback data mode\n");
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static void handle_barrier_mode(struct super_block *s, unsigned long bits)
+{
+       int flush = (1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH);
+       int none = (1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE);
+       int all_barrier = flush | none;
+
+       if (bits & all_barrier) {
+               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt &= ~all_barrier;
+               if (bits & flush) {
+                       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt |= flush;
+                       printk("reiserfs: enabling write barrier flush mode\n");
+               } else if (bits & none) {
+                       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt |= none;
+                       printk("reiserfs: write barriers turned off\n");
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+static void handle_attrs(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+
+       if (reiserfs_attrs(s)) {
+               if (old_format_only(s)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6517", "cannot support "
+                                        "attributes on 3.5.x disk format");
+                       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt &= ~(1 << REISERFS_ATTRS);
+                       return;
+               }
+               if (!(le32_to_cpu(rs->s_flags) & reiserfs_attrs_cleared)) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6518", "cannot support "
+                                        "attributes until flag is set in "
+                                        "super-block");
+                       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt &= ~(1 << REISERFS_ATTRS);
+               }
+       }
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static void handle_quota_files(struct super_block *s, char **qf_names,
+                              unsigned int *qfmt)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS; i++) {
+               if (qf_names[i] != REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[i])
+                       kfree(REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[i]);
+               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[i] = qf_names[i];
+       }
+       if (*qfmt)
+               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_jquota_fmt = *qfmt;
+}
+#endif
+
+static int reiserfs_remount(struct super_block *s, int *mount_flags, char *arg)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       unsigned long blocks;
+       unsigned long mount_options = REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt;
+       unsigned long safe_mask = 0;
+       unsigned int commit_max_age = (unsigned int)-1;
+       struct reiserfs_journal *journal = SB_JOURNAL(s);
+       int err;
+       char *qf_names[REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS];
+       unsigned int qfmt = 0;
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       int i;
+#endif
+
+       sync_filesystem(s);
+       reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       memcpy(qf_names, REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names, sizeof(qf_names));
+#endif
+
+       rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+
+       if (!reiserfs_parse_options
+           (s, arg, &mount_options, &blocks, NULL, &commit_max_age,
+           qf_names, &qfmt)) {
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+               for (i = 0; i < REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS; i++)
+                       if (qf_names[i] != REISERFS_SB(s)->s_qf_names[i])
+                               kfree(qf_names[i]);
+#endif
+               err = -EINVAL;
+               goto out_err_unlock;
+       }
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       handle_quota_files(s, qf_names, &qfmt);
+#endif
+
+       handle_attrs(s);
+
+       /* Add options that are safe here */
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_LARGETAIL;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_NO_BORDER;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_NO_UNHASHED_RELOCATION;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_HASHED_RELOCATION;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_TEST4;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_ATTRS;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_XATTRS_USER;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_POSIXACL;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_NONE;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_CONTINUE;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_ERROR_PANIC;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_USRQUOTA;
+       safe_mask |= 1 << REISERFS_GRPQUOTA;
+
+       /*
+        * Update the bitmask, taking care to keep
+        * the bits we're not allowed to change here
+        */
+       REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt =
+           (REISERFS_SB(s)->
+            s_mount_opt & ~safe_mask) | (mount_options & safe_mask);
+
+       if (commit_max_age != 0 && commit_max_age != (unsigned int)-1) {
+               journal->j_max_commit_age = commit_max_age;
+               journal->j_max_trans_age = commit_max_age;
+       } else if (commit_max_age == 0) {
+               /* 0 means restore defaults. */
+               journal->j_max_commit_age = journal->j_default_max_commit_age;
+               journal->j_max_trans_age = JOURNAL_MAX_TRANS_AGE;
+       }
+
+       if (blocks) {
+               err = reiserfs_resize(s, blocks);
+               if (err != 0)
+                       goto out_err_unlock;
+       }
+
+       if (*mount_flags & SB_RDONLY) {
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+               reiserfs_xattr_init(s, *mount_flags);
+               /* remount read-only */
+               if (sb_rdonly(s))
+                       /* it is read-only already */
+                       goto out_ok_unlocked;
+
+               err = dquot_suspend(s, -1);
+               if (err < 0)
+                       goto out_err;
+
+               /* try to remount file system with read-only permissions */
+               if (sb_umount_state(rs) == REISERFS_VALID_FS
+                   || REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state != REISERFS_VALID_FS) {
+                       goto out_ok_unlocked;
+               }
+
+               reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+
+               err = journal_begin(&th, s, 10);
+               if (err)
+                       goto out_err_unlock;
+
+               /* Mounting a rw partition read-only. */
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1);
+               set_sb_umount_state(rs, REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state);
+               journal_mark_dirty(&th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+       } else {
+               /* remount read-write */
+               if (!sb_rdonly(s)) {
+                       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+                       reiserfs_xattr_init(s, *mount_flags);
+                       goto out_ok_unlocked;   /* We are read-write already */
+               }
+
+               if (reiserfs_is_journal_aborted(journal)) {
+                       err = journal->j_errno;
+                       goto out_err_unlock;
+               }
+
+               handle_data_mode(s, mount_options);
+               handle_barrier_mode(s, mount_options);
+               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state = sb_umount_state(rs);
+
+               /* now it is safe to call journal_begin */
+               s->s_flags &= ~SB_RDONLY;
+               err = journal_begin(&th, s, 10);
+               if (err)
+                       goto out_err_unlock;
+
+               /* Mount a partition which is read-only, read-write */
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1);
+               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state = sb_umount_state(rs);
+               s->s_flags &= ~SB_RDONLY;
+               set_sb_umount_state(rs, REISERFS_ERROR_FS);
+               if (!old_format_only(s))
+                       set_sb_mnt_count(rs, sb_mnt_count(rs) + 1);
+               /* mark_buffer_dirty (SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB (s), 1); */
+               journal_mark_dirty(&th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+               REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_state = REISERFS_VALID_FS;
+       }
+       /* this will force a full flush of all journal lists */
+       SB_JOURNAL(s)->j_must_wait = 1;
+       err = journal_end(&th);
+       if (err)
+               goto out_err_unlock;
+
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+       if (!(*mount_flags & SB_RDONLY)) {
+               dquot_resume(s, -1);
+               reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+               finish_unfinished(s);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+               reiserfs_xattr_init(s, *mount_flags);
+       }
+
+out_ok_unlocked:
+       return 0;
+
+out_err_unlock:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+out_err:
+       return err;
+}
+
+static int read_super_block(struct super_block *s, int offset)
+{
+       struct buffer_head *bh;
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs;
+       int fs_blocksize;
+
+       bh = sb_bread(s, offset / s->s_blocksize);
+       if (!bh) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "sh-2006",
+                                "bread failed (dev %s, block %lu, size %lu)",
+                                s->s_id, offset / s->s_blocksize,
+                                s->s_blocksize);
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       rs = (struct reiserfs_super_block *)bh->b_data;
+       if (!is_any_reiserfs_magic_string(rs)) {
+               brelse(bh);
+               return 1;
+       }
+       /*
+        * ok, reiserfs signature (old or new) found in at the given offset
+        */
+       fs_blocksize = sb_blocksize(rs);
+       brelse(bh);
+       sb_set_blocksize(s, fs_blocksize);
+
+       bh = sb_bread(s, offset / s->s_blocksize);
+       if (!bh) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "sh-2007",
+                                "bread failed (dev %s, block %lu, size %lu)",
+                                s->s_id, offset / s->s_blocksize,
+                                s->s_blocksize);
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       rs = (struct reiserfs_super_block *)bh->b_data;
+       if (sb_blocksize(rs) != s->s_blocksize) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "sh-2011", "can't find a reiserfs "
+                                "filesystem on (dev %s, block %llu, size %lu)",
+                                s->s_id,
+                                (unsigned long long)bh->b_blocknr,
+                                s->s_blocksize);
+               brelse(bh);
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       if (rs->s_v1.s_root_block == cpu_to_le32(-1)) {
+               brelse(bh);
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "super-6519", "Unfinished reiserfsck "
+                                "--rebuild-tree run detected. Please run\n"
+                                "reiserfsck --rebuild-tree and wait for a "
+                                "completion. If that fails\n"
+                                "get newer reiserfsprogs package");
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_warning(NULL, "", "reiserfs filesystem is deprecated and "
+               "scheduled to be removed from the kernel in 2025");
+       SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s) = bh;
+       SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s) = rs;
+
+       /*
+        * magic is of non-standard journal filesystem, look at s_version to
+        * find which format is in use
+        */
+       if (is_reiserfs_jr(rs)) {
+               if (sb_version(rs) == REISERFS_VERSION_2)
+                       reiserfs_info(s, "found reiserfs format \"3.6\""
+                                     " with non-standard journal\n");
+               else if (sb_version(rs) == REISERFS_VERSION_1)
+                       reiserfs_info(s, "found reiserfs format \"3.5\""
+                                     " with non-standard journal\n");
+               else {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "sh-2012", "found unknown "
+                                        "format \"%u\" of reiserfs with "
+                                        "non-standard magic", sb_version(rs));
+                       return 1;
+               }
+       } else
+               /*
+                * s_version of standard format may contain incorrect
+                * information, so we just look at the magic string
+                */
+               reiserfs_info(s,
+                             "found reiserfs format \"%s\" with standard journal\n",
+                             is_reiserfs_3_5(rs) ? "3.5" : "3.6");
+
+       s->s_op = &reiserfs_sops;
+       s->s_export_op = &reiserfs_export_ops;
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       s->s_qcop = &reiserfs_qctl_operations;
+       s->dq_op = &reiserfs_quota_operations;
+       s->s_quota_types = QTYPE_MASK_USR | QTYPE_MASK_GRP;
+#endif
+
+       /*
+        * new format is limited by the 32 bit wide i_blocks field, want to
+        * be one full block below that.
+        */
+       s->s_maxbytes = (512LL << 32) - s->s_blocksize;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* after journal replay, reread all bitmap and super blocks */
+static int reread_meta_blocks(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       if (bh_read(SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 0) < 0) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-2504", "error reading the super");
+               return 1;
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* hash detection stuff */
+
+/*
+ * if root directory is empty - we set default - Yura's - hash and
+ * warn about it
+ * FIXME: we look for only one name in a directory. If tea and yura
+ * both have the same value - we ask user to send report to the
+ * mailing list
+ */
+static __u32 find_hash_out(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       int retval;
+       struct inode *inode;
+       struct cpu_key key;
+       INITIALIZE_PATH(path);
+       struct reiserfs_dir_entry de;
+       struct reiserfs_de_head *deh;
+       __u32 hash = DEFAULT_HASH;
+       __u32 deh_hashval, teahash, r5hash, yurahash;
+
+       inode = d_inode(s->s_root);
+
+       make_cpu_key(&key, inode, ~0, TYPE_DIRENTRY, 3);
+       retval = search_by_entry_key(s, &key, &path, &de);
+       if (retval == IO_ERROR) {
+               pathrelse(&path);
+               return UNSET_HASH;
+       }
+       if (retval == NAME_NOT_FOUND)
+               de.de_entry_num--;
+
+       set_de_name_and_namelen(&de);
+       deh = de.de_deh + de.de_entry_num;
+
+       if (deh_offset(deh) == DOT_DOT_OFFSET) {
+               /* allow override in this case */
+               if (reiserfs_rupasov_hash(s))
+                       hash = YURA_HASH;
+               reiserfs_info(s, "FS seems to be empty, autodetect is using the default hash\n");
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       deh_hashval = GET_HASH_VALUE(deh_offset(deh));
+       r5hash = GET_HASH_VALUE(r5_hash(de.de_name, de.de_namelen));
+       teahash = GET_HASH_VALUE(keyed_hash(de.de_name, de.de_namelen));
+       yurahash = GET_HASH_VALUE(yura_hash(de.de_name, de.de_namelen));
+
+       if ((teahash == r5hash && deh_hashval == r5hash) ||
+           (teahash == yurahash && deh_hashval == yurahash) ||
+           (r5hash == yurahash && deh_hashval == yurahash)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-2506",
+                                "Unable to automatically detect hash "
+                                "function. Please mount with -o "
+                                "hash={tea,rupasov,r5}");
+               hash = UNSET_HASH;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       if (deh_hashval == yurahash)
+               hash = YURA_HASH;
+       else if (deh_hashval == teahash)
+               hash = TEA_HASH;
+       else if (deh_hashval == r5hash)
+               hash = R5_HASH;
+       else {
+               reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-2506",
+                                "Unrecognised hash function");
+               hash = UNSET_HASH;
+       }
+out:
+       pathrelse(&path);
+       return hash;
+}
+
+/* finds out which hash names are sorted with */
+static int what_hash(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       __u32 code;
+
+       code = sb_hash_function_code(SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s));
+
+       /*
+        * reiserfs_hash_detect() == true if any of the hash mount options
+        * were used.  We must check them to make sure the user isn't
+        * using a bad hash value
+        */
+       if (code == UNSET_HASH || reiserfs_hash_detect(s))
+               code = find_hash_out(s);
+
+       if (code != UNSET_HASH && reiserfs_hash_detect(s)) {
+               /*
+                * detection has found the hash, and we must check against the
+                * mount options
+                */
+               if (reiserfs_rupasov_hash(s) && code != YURA_HASH) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-2507",
+                                        "Error, %s hash detected, "
+                                        "unable to force rupasov hash",
+                                        reiserfs_hashname(code));
+                       code = UNSET_HASH;
+               } else if (reiserfs_tea_hash(s) && code != TEA_HASH) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-2508",
+                                        "Error, %s hash detected, "
+                                        "unable to force tea hash",
+                                        reiserfs_hashname(code));
+                       code = UNSET_HASH;
+               } else if (reiserfs_r5_hash(s) && code != R5_HASH) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "reiserfs-2509",
+                                        "Error, %s hash detected, "
+                                        "unable to force r5 hash",
+                                        reiserfs_hashname(code));
+                       code = UNSET_HASH;
+               }
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * find_hash_out was not called or
+                * could not determine the hash
+                */
+               if (reiserfs_rupasov_hash(s)) {
+                       code = YURA_HASH;
+               } else if (reiserfs_tea_hash(s)) {
+                       code = TEA_HASH;
+               } else if (reiserfs_r5_hash(s)) {
+                       code = R5_HASH;
+               }
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * if we are mounted RW, and we have a new valid hash code, update
+        * the super
+        */
+       if (code != UNSET_HASH &&
+           !sb_rdonly(s) &&
+           code != sb_hash_function_code(SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s))) {
+               set_sb_hash_function_code(SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s), code);
+       }
+       return code;
+}
+
+/* return pointer to appropriate function */
+static hashf_t hash_function(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       switch (what_hash(s)) {
+       case TEA_HASH:
+               reiserfs_info(s, "Using tea hash to sort names\n");
+               return keyed_hash;
+       case YURA_HASH:
+               reiserfs_info(s, "Using rupasov hash to sort names\n");
+               return yura_hash;
+       case R5_HASH:
+               reiserfs_info(s, "Using r5 hash to sort names\n");
+               return r5_hash;
+       }
+       return NULL;
+}
+
+/* this is used to set up correct value for old partitions */
+static int function2code(hashf_t func)
+{
+       if (func == keyed_hash)
+               return TEA_HASH;
+       if (func == yura_hash)
+               return YURA_HASH;
+       if (func == r5_hash)
+               return R5_HASH;
+
+       BUG();                  /* should never happen */
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#define SWARN(silent, s, id, ...)                      \
+       if (!(silent))                          \
+               reiserfs_warning(s, id, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+static int reiserfs_fill_super(struct super_block *s, void *data, int silent)
+{
+       struct inode *root_inode;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int old_format = 0;
+       unsigned long blocks;
+       unsigned int commit_max_age = 0;
+       int jinit_done = 0;
+       struct reiserfs_iget_args args;
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs;
+       char *jdev_name;
+       struct reiserfs_sb_info *sbi;
+       int errval = -EINVAL;
+       char *qf_names[REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS] = {};
+       unsigned int qfmt = 0;
+
+       sbi = kzalloc(sizeof(struct reiserfs_sb_info), GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!sbi)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+       s->s_fs_info = sbi;
+       /* Set default values for options: non-aggressive tails, RO on errors */
+       sbi->s_mount_opt |= (1 << REISERFS_SMALLTAIL);
+       sbi->s_mount_opt |= (1 << REISERFS_ERROR_RO);
+       sbi->s_mount_opt |= (1 << REISERFS_BARRIER_FLUSH);
+       /* no preallocation minimum, be smart in reiserfs_file_write instead */
+       sbi->s_alloc_options.preallocmin = 0;
+       /* Preallocate by 16 blocks (17-1) at once */
+       sbi->s_alloc_options.preallocsize = 17;
+       /* setup default block allocator options */
+       reiserfs_init_alloc_options(s);
+
+       spin_lock_init(&sbi->old_work_lock);
+       INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&sbi->old_work, flush_old_commits);
+       mutex_init(&sbi->lock);
+       sbi->lock_depth = -1;
+
+       sbi->commit_wq = alloc_workqueue("reiserfs/%s", WQ_MEM_RECLAIM, 0,
+                                        s->s_id);
+       if (!sbi->commit_wq) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "", "Cannot allocate commit workqueue");
+               errval = -ENOMEM;
+               goto error_unlocked;
+       }
+
+       jdev_name = NULL;
+       if (reiserfs_parse_options
+           (s, (char *)data, &sbi->s_mount_opt, &blocks, &jdev_name,
+            &commit_max_age, qf_names, &qfmt) == 0) {
+               goto error_unlocked;
+       }
+       if (jdev_name && jdev_name[0]) {
+               sbi->s_jdev = kstrdup(jdev_name, GFP_KERNEL);
+               if (!sbi->s_jdev) {
+                       SWARN(silent, s, "", "Cannot allocate memory for "
+                               "journal device name");
+                       goto error_unlocked;
+               }
+       }
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       handle_quota_files(s, qf_names, &qfmt);
+#endif
+
+       if (blocks) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "jmacd-7", "resize option for remount only");
+               goto error_unlocked;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * try old format (undistributed bitmap, super block in 8-th 1k
+        * block of a device)
+        */
+       if (!read_super_block(s, REISERFS_OLD_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES))
+               old_format = 1;
+
+       /*
+        * try new format (64-th 1k block), which can contain reiserfs
+        * super block
+        */
+       else if (read_super_block(s, REISERFS_DISK_OFFSET_IN_BYTES)) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "sh-2021", "can not find reiserfs on %s",
+                     s->s_id);
+               goto error_unlocked;
+       }
+
+       s->s_time_min = 0;
+       s->s_time_max = U32_MAX;
+
+       rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(s);
+       /*
+        * Let's do basic sanity check to verify that underlying device is not
+        * smaller than the filesystem. If the check fails then abort and
+        * scream, because bad stuff will happen otherwise.
+        */
+       if (bdev_nr_bytes(s->s_bdev) < sb_block_count(rs) * sb_blocksize(rs)) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "", "Filesystem cannot be "
+                     "mounted because it is bigger than the device");
+               SWARN(silent, s, "", "You may need to run fsck "
+                     "or increase size of your LVM partition");
+               SWARN(silent, s, "", "Or may be you forgot to "
+                     "reboot after fdisk when it told you to");
+               goto error_unlocked;
+       }
+
+       sbi->s_mount_state = SB_REISERFS_STATE(s);
+       sbi->s_mount_state = REISERFS_VALID_FS;
+
+       if ((errval = reiserfs_init_bitmap_cache(s))) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "jmacd-8", "unable to read bitmap");
+               goto error_unlocked;
+       }
+
+       errval = -EINVAL;
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+       SWARN(silent, s, "", "CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK is set ON");
+       SWARN(silent, s, "", "- it is slow mode for debugging.");
+#endif
+
+       /* make data=ordered the default */
+       if (!reiserfs_data_log(s) && !reiserfs_data_ordered(s) &&
+           !reiserfs_data_writeback(s)) {
+               sbi->s_mount_opt |= (1 << REISERFS_DATA_ORDERED);
+       }
+
+       if (reiserfs_data_log(s)) {
+               reiserfs_info(s, "using journaled data mode\n");
+       } else if (reiserfs_data_ordered(s)) {
+               reiserfs_info(s, "using ordered data mode\n");
+       } else {
+               reiserfs_info(s, "using writeback data mode\n");
+       }
+       if (reiserfs_barrier_flush(s)) {
+               printk("reiserfs: using flush barriers\n");
+       }
+
+       if (journal_init(s, jdev_name, old_format, commit_max_age)) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "sh-2022",
+                     "unable to initialize journal space");
+               goto error_unlocked;
+       } else {
+               /*
+                * once this is set, journal_release must be called
+                * if we error out of the mount
+                */
+               jinit_done = 1;
+       }
+
+       if (reread_meta_blocks(s)) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "jmacd-9",
+                     "unable to reread meta blocks after journal init");
+               goto error_unlocked;
+       }
+
+       if (replay_only(s))
+               goto error_unlocked;
+
+       s->s_xattr = reiserfs_xattr_handlers;
+
+       if (bdev_read_only(s->s_bdev) && !sb_rdonly(s)) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "clm-7000",
+                     "Detected readonly device, marking FS readonly");
+               s->s_flags |= SB_RDONLY;
+       }
+       args.objectid = REISERFS_ROOT_OBJECTID;
+       args.dirid = REISERFS_ROOT_PARENT_OBJECTID;
+       root_inode =
+           iget5_locked(s, REISERFS_ROOT_OBJECTID, reiserfs_find_actor,
+                        reiserfs_init_locked_inode, (void *)&args);
+       if (!root_inode) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "jmacd-10", "get root inode failed");
+               goto error_unlocked;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * This path assumed to be called with the BKL in the old times.
+        * Now we have inherited the big reiserfs lock from it and many
+        * reiserfs helpers called in the mount path and elsewhere require
+        * this lock to be held even if it's not always necessary. Let's be
+        * conservative and hold it early. The window can be reduced after
+        * careful review of the code.
+        */
+       reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+
+       if (root_inode->i_state & I_NEW) {
+               reiserfs_read_locked_inode(root_inode, &args);
+               unlock_new_inode(root_inode);
+       }
+
+       if (!S_ISDIR(root_inode->i_mode) || !inode_get_bytes(root_inode) ||
+           !root_inode->i_size) {
+               SWARN(silent, s, "", "corrupt root inode, run fsck");
+               iput(root_inode);
+               errval = -EUCLEAN;
+               goto error;
+       }
+
+       s->s_root = d_make_root(root_inode);
+       if (!s->s_root)
+               goto error;
+       /* define and initialize hash function */
+       sbi->s_hash_function = hash_function(s);
+       if (sbi->s_hash_function == NULL) {
+               dput(s->s_root);
+               s->s_root = NULL;
+               goto error;
+       }
+
+       if (is_reiserfs_3_5(rs)
+           || (is_reiserfs_jr(rs) && SB_VERSION(s) == REISERFS_VERSION_1))
+               set_bit(REISERFS_3_5, &sbi->s_properties);
+       else if (old_format)
+               set_bit(REISERFS_OLD_FORMAT, &sbi->s_properties);
+       else
+               set_bit(REISERFS_3_6, &sbi->s_properties);
+
+       if (!sb_rdonly(s)) {
+
+               errval = journal_begin(&th, s, 1);
+               if (errval) {
+                       dput(s->s_root);
+                       s->s_root = NULL;
+                       goto error;
+               }
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(s, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s), 1);
+
+               set_sb_umount_state(rs, REISERFS_ERROR_FS);
+               set_sb_fs_state(rs, 0);
+
+               /*
+                * Clear out s_bmap_nr if it would wrap. We can handle this
+                * case, but older revisions can't. This will cause the
+                * file system to fail mount on those older implementations,
+                * avoiding corruption. -jeffm
+                */
+               if (bmap_would_wrap(reiserfs_bmap_count(s)) &&
+                   sb_bmap_nr(rs) != 0) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "super-2030", "This file system "
+                                       "claims to use %u bitmap blocks in "
+                                       "its super block, but requires %u. "
+                                       "Clearing to zero.", sb_bmap_nr(rs),
+                                       reiserfs_bmap_count(s));
+
+                       set_sb_bmap_nr(rs, 0);
+               }
+
+               if (old_format_only(s)) {
+                       /*
+                        * filesystem of format 3.5 either with standard
+                        * or non-standard journal
+                        */
+                       if (convert_reiserfs(s)) {
+                               /* and -o conv is given */
+                               if (!silent)
+                                       reiserfs_info(s,
+                                                     "converting 3.5 filesystem to the 3.6 format");
+
+                               if (is_reiserfs_3_5(rs))
+                                       /*
+                                        * put magic string of 3.6 format.
+                                        * 2.2 will not be able to
+                                        * mount this filesystem anymore
+                                        */
+                                       memcpy(rs->s_v1.s_magic,
+                                              reiserfs_3_6_magic_string,
+                                              sizeof
+                                              (reiserfs_3_6_magic_string));
+
+                               set_sb_version(rs, REISERFS_VERSION_2);
+                               reiserfs_convert_objectid_map_v1(s);
+                               set_bit(REISERFS_3_6, &sbi->s_properties);
+                               clear_bit(REISERFS_3_5, &sbi->s_properties);
+                       } else if (!silent) {
+                               reiserfs_info(s, "using 3.5.x disk format\n");
+                       }
+               } else
+                       set_sb_mnt_count(rs, sb_mnt_count(rs) + 1);
+
+
+               journal_mark_dirty(&th, SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+               errval = journal_end(&th);
+               if (errval) {
+                       dput(s->s_root);
+                       s->s_root = NULL;
+                       goto error;
+               }
+
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+               if ((errval = reiserfs_lookup_privroot(s)) ||
+                   (errval = reiserfs_xattr_init(s, s->s_flags))) {
+                       dput(s->s_root);
+                       s->s_root = NULL;
+                       goto error_unlocked;
+               }
+               reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+
+               /*
+                * look for files which were to be removed in previous session
+                */
+               finish_unfinished(s);
+       } else {
+               if (old_format_only(s) && !silent) {
+                       reiserfs_info(s, "using 3.5.x disk format\n");
+               }
+
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+               if ((errval = reiserfs_lookup_privroot(s)) ||
+                   (errval = reiserfs_xattr_init(s, s->s_flags))) {
+                       dput(s->s_root);
+                       s->s_root = NULL;
+                       goto error_unlocked;
+               }
+               reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+       }
+       /*
+        * mark hash in super block: it could be unset. overwrite should be ok
+        */
+       set_sb_hash_function_code(rs, function2code(sbi->s_hash_function));
+
+       handle_attrs(s);
+
+       reiserfs_proc_info_init(s);
+
+       init_waitqueue_head(&(sbi->s_wait));
+       spin_lock_init(&sbi->bitmap_lock);
+
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+
+       return (0);
+
+error:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+
+error_unlocked:
+       /* kill the commit thread, free journal ram */
+       if (jinit_done) {
+               reiserfs_write_lock(s);
+               journal_release_error(NULL, s);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(s);
+       }
+
+       if (sbi->commit_wq)
+               destroy_workqueue(sbi->commit_wq);
+
+       reiserfs_cancel_old_flush(s);
+
+       reiserfs_free_bitmap_cache(s);
+       if (SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s))
+               brelse(SB_BUFFER_WITH_SB(s));
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+       {
+               int j;
+               for (j = 0; j < REISERFS_MAXQUOTAS; j++)
+                       kfree(qf_names[j]);
+       }
+#endif
+       kfree(sbi->s_jdev);
+       kfree(sbi);
+
+       s->s_fs_info = NULL;
+       return errval;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_statfs(struct dentry *dentry, struct kstatfs *buf)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_super_block *rs = SB_DISK_SUPER_BLOCK(dentry->d_sb);
+
+       buf->f_namelen = (REISERFS_MAX_NAME(s->s_blocksize));
+       buf->f_bfree = sb_free_blocks(rs);
+       buf->f_bavail = buf->f_bfree;
+       buf->f_blocks = sb_block_count(rs) - sb_bmap_nr(rs) - 1;
+       buf->f_bsize = dentry->d_sb->s_blocksize;
+       /* changed to accommodate gcc folks. */
+       buf->f_type = REISERFS_SUPER_MAGIC;
+       buf->f_fsid.val[0] = (u32)crc32_le(0, rs->s_uuid, sizeof(rs->s_uuid)/2);
+       buf->f_fsid.val[1] = (u32)crc32_le(0, rs->s_uuid + sizeof(rs->s_uuid)/2,
+                               sizeof(rs->s_uuid)/2);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_QUOTA
+static int reiserfs_write_dquot(struct dquot *dquot)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int ret, err;
+       int depth;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dquot->dq_sb);
+       ret =
+           journal_begin(&th, dquot->dq_sb,
+                         REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(dquot->dq_sb));
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(dquot->dq_sb);
+       ret = dquot_commit(dquot);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(dquot->dq_sb, depth);
+       err = journal_end(&th);
+       if (!ret && err)
+               ret = err;
+out:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dquot->dq_sb);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_acquire_dquot(struct dquot *dquot)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int ret, err;
+       int depth;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dquot->dq_sb);
+       ret =
+           journal_begin(&th, dquot->dq_sb,
+                         REISERFS_QUOTA_INIT_BLOCKS(dquot->dq_sb));
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(dquot->dq_sb);
+       ret = dquot_acquire(dquot);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(dquot->dq_sb, depth);
+       err = journal_end(&th);
+       if (!ret && err)
+               ret = err;
+out:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dquot->dq_sb);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_release_dquot(struct dquot *dquot)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int ret, err;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dquot->dq_sb);
+       ret =
+           journal_begin(&th, dquot->dq_sb,
+                         REISERFS_QUOTA_DEL_BLOCKS(dquot->dq_sb));
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dquot->dq_sb);
+       if (ret) {
+               /* Release dquot anyway to avoid endless cycle in dqput() */
+               dquot_release(dquot);
+               goto out;
+       }
+       ret = dquot_release(dquot);
+       reiserfs_write_lock(dquot->dq_sb);
+       err = journal_end(&th);
+       if (!ret && err)
+               ret = err;
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(dquot->dq_sb);
+out:
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_mark_dquot_dirty(struct dquot *dquot)
+{
+       /* Are we journaling quotas? */
+       if (REISERFS_SB(dquot->dq_sb)->s_qf_names[USRQUOTA] ||
+           REISERFS_SB(dquot->dq_sb)->s_qf_names[GRPQUOTA]) {
+               dquot_mark_dquot_dirty(dquot);
+               return reiserfs_write_dquot(dquot);
+       } else
+               return dquot_mark_dquot_dirty(dquot);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_write_info(struct super_block *sb, int type)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int ret, err;
+       int depth;
+
+       /* Data block + inode block */
+       reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+       ret = journal_begin(&th, sb, 2);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
+       depth = reiserfs_write_unlock_nested(sb);
+       ret = dquot_commit_info(sb, type);
+       reiserfs_write_lock_nested(sb, depth);
+       err = journal_end(&th);
+       if (!ret && err)
+               ret = err;
+out:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Turn on quotas during mount time - we need to find the quota file and such...
+ */
+static int reiserfs_quota_on_mount(struct super_block *sb, int type)
+{
+       return dquot_quota_on_mount(sb, REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_qf_names[type],
+                                       REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_jquota_fmt, type);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Standard function to be called on quota_on
+ */
+static int reiserfs_quota_on(struct super_block *sb, int type, int format_id,
+                            const struct path *path)
+{
+       int err;
+       struct inode *inode;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int opt = type == USRQUOTA ? REISERFS_USRQUOTA : REISERFS_GRPQUOTA;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+       if (!(REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_mount_opt & (1 << opt))) {
+               err = -EINVAL;
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       /* Quotafile not on the same filesystem? */
+       if (path->dentry->d_sb != sb) {
+               err = -EXDEV;
+               goto out;
+       }
+       inode = d_inode(path->dentry);
+       /*
+        * We must not pack tails for quota files on reiserfs for quota
+        * IO to work
+        */
+       if (!(REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_nopack_mask)) {
+               err = reiserfs_unpack(inode);
+               if (err) {
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "super-6520",
+                               "Unpacking tail of quota file failed"
+                               " (%d). Cannot turn on quotas.", err);
+                       err = -EINVAL;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+               mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+       }
+       /* Journaling quota? */
+       if (REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_qf_names[type]) {
+               /* Quotafile not of fs root? */
+               if (path->dentry->d_parent != sb->s_root)
+                       reiserfs_warning(sb, "super-6521",
+                                "Quota file not on filesystem root. "
+                                "Journalled quota will not work.");
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * When we journal data on quota file, we have to flush journal to see
+        * all updates to the file when we bypass pagecache...
+        */
+       if (reiserfs_file_data_log(inode)) {
+               /* Just start temporary transaction and finish it */
+               err = journal_begin(&th, sb, 1);
+               if (err)
+                       goto out;
+               err = journal_end_sync(&th);
+               if (err)
+                       goto out;
+       }
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+       err = dquot_quota_on(sb, type, format_id, path);
+       if (!err) {
+               inode_lock(inode);
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs |= REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL |
+                                             REISERFS_NOATIME_FL;
+               inode_set_flags(inode, S_IMMUTABLE | S_NOATIME,
+                               S_IMMUTABLE | S_NOATIME);
+               inode_unlock(inode);
+               mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+       }
+       return err;
+out:
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+       return err;
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_quota_off(struct super_block *sb, int type)
+{
+       int err;
+       struct inode *inode = sb_dqopt(sb)->files[type];
+
+       if (!inode || !igrab(inode))
+               goto out;
+
+       err = dquot_quota_off(sb, type);
+       if (err)
+               goto out_put;
+
+       inode_lock(inode);
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_attrs &= ~(REISERFS_IMMUTABLE_FL |
+                                       REISERFS_NOATIME_FL);
+       inode_set_flags(inode, 0, S_IMMUTABLE | S_NOATIME);
+       inode_unlock(inode);
+       mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+out_put:
+       iput(inode);
+       return err;
+out:
+       return dquot_quota_off(sb, type);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read data from quotafile - avoid pagecache and such because we cannot afford
+ * acquiring the locks... As quota files are never truncated and quota code
+ * itself serializes the operations (and no one else should touch the files)
+ * we don't have to be afraid of races
+ */
+static ssize_t reiserfs_quota_read(struct super_block *sb, int type, char *data,
+                                  size_t len, loff_t off)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = sb_dqopt(sb)->files[type];
+       unsigned long blk = off >> sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+       int err = 0, offset = off & (sb->s_blocksize - 1), tocopy;
+       size_t toread;
+       struct buffer_head tmp_bh, *bh;
+       loff_t i_size = i_size_read(inode);
+
+       if (off > i_size)
+               return 0;
+       if (off + len > i_size)
+               len = i_size - off;
+       toread = len;
+       while (toread > 0) {
+               tocopy = min_t(unsigned long, sb->s_blocksize - offset, toread);
+               tmp_bh.b_state = 0;
+               /*
+                * Quota files are without tails so we can safely
+                * use this function
+                */
+               reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+               err = reiserfs_get_block(inode, blk, &tmp_bh, 0);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+               if (err)
+                       return err;
+               if (!buffer_mapped(&tmp_bh))    /* A hole? */
+                       memset(data, 0, tocopy);
+               else {
+                       bh = sb_bread(sb, tmp_bh.b_blocknr);
+                       if (!bh)
+                               return -EIO;
+                       memcpy(data, bh->b_data + offset, tocopy);
+                       brelse(bh);
+               }
+               offset = 0;
+               toread -= tocopy;
+               data += tocopy;
+               blk++;
+       }
+       return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Write to quotafile (we know the transaction is already started and has
+ * enough credits)
+ */
+static ssize_t reiserfs_quota_write(struct super_block *sb, int type,
+                                   const char *data, size_t len, loff_t off)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = sb_dqopt(sb)->files[type];
+       unsigned long blk = off >> sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+       int err = 0, offset = off & (sb->s_blocksize - 1), tocopy;
+       int journal_quota = REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_qf_names[type] != NULL;
+       size_t towrite = len;
+       struct buffer_head tmp_bh, *bh;
+
+       if (!current->journal_info) {
+               printk(KERN_WARNING "reiserfs: Quota write (off=%llu, len=%llu) cancelled because transaction is not started.\n",
+                       (unsigned long long)off, (unsigned long long)len);
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+       while (towrite > 0) {
+               tocopy = min_t(unsigned long, sb->s_blocksize - offset, towrite);
+               tmp_bh.b_state = 0;
+               reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+               err = reiserfs_get_block(inode, blk, &tmp_bh, GET_BLOCK_CREATE);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+               if (err)
+                       goto out;
+               if (offset || tocopy != sb->s_blocksize)
+                       bh = sb_bread(sb, tmp_bh.b_blocknr);
+               else
+                       bh = sb_getblk(sb, tmp_bh.b_blocknr);
+               if (!bh) {
+                       err = -EIO;
+                       goto out;
+               }
+               lock_buffer(bh);
+               memcpy(bh->b_data + offset, data, tocopy);
+               flush_dcache_page(bh->b_page);
+               set_buffer_uptodate(bh);
+               unlock_buffer(bh);
+               reiserfs_write_lock(sb);
+               reiserfs_prepare_for_journal(sb, bh, 1);
+               journal_mark_dirty(current->journal_info, bh);
+               if (!journal_quota)
+                       reiserfs_add_ordered_list(inode, bh);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(sb);
+               brelse(bh);
+               offset = 0;
+               towrite -= tocopy;
+               data += tocopy;
+               blk++;
+       }
+out:
+       if (len == towrite)
+               return err;
+       if (inode->i_size < off + len - towrite)
+               i_size_write(inode, off + len - towrite);
+       inode_set_mtime_to_ts(inode, inode_set_ctime_current(inode));
+       mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+       return len - towrite;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+static struct dentry *get_super_block(struct file_system_type *fs_type,
+                          int flags, const char *dev_name,
+                          void *data)
+{
+       return mount_bdev(fs_type, flags, dev_name, data, reiserfs_fill_super);
+}
+
+static int __init init_reiserfs_fs(void)
+{
+       int ret;
+
+       ret = init_inodecache();
+       if (ret)
+               return ret;
+
+       reiserfs_proc_info_global_init();
+
+       ret = register_filesystem(&reiserfs_fs_type);
+       if (ret)
+               goto out;
+
+       return 0;
+out:
+       reiserfs_proc_info_global_done();
+       destroy_inodecache();
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+static void __exit exit_reiserfs_fs(void)
+{
+       reiserfs_proc_info_global_done();
+       unregister_filesystem(&reiserfs_fs_type);
+       destroy_inodecache();
+}
+
+struct file_system_type reiserfs_fs_type = {
+       .owner = THIS_MODULE,
+       .name = "reiserfs",
+       .mount = get_super_block,
+       .kill_sb = reiserfs_kill_sb,
+       .fs_flags = FS_REQUIRES_DEV,
+};
+MODULE_ALIAS_FS("reiserfs");
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("ReiserFS journaled filesystem");
+MODULE_AUTHOR("Hans Reiser <reiser@namesys.com>");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
+
+module_init(init_reiserfs_fs);
+module_exit(exit_reiserfs_fs);
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c b/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..2cec61af2a9e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/tail_conversion.c
@@ -0,0 +1,318 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * Copyright 1999 Hans Reiser, see reiserfs/README for licensing and copyright
+ * details
+ */
+
+#include <linux/time.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/buffer_head.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+
+/*
+ * access to tail : when one is going to read tail it must make sure, that is
+ * not running.  direct2indirect and indirect2direct can not run concurrently
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Converts direct items to an unformatted node. Panics if file has no
+ * tail. -ENOSPC if no disk space for conversion
+ */
+/*
+ * path points to first direct item of the file regardless of how many of
+ * them are there
+ */
+int direct2indirect(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct inode *inode,
+                   struct treepath *path, struct buffer_head *unbh,
+                   loff_t tail_offset)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+       struct buffer_head *up_to_date_bh;
+       struct item_head *p_le_ih = tp_item_head(path);
+       unsigned long total_tail = 0;
+
+       /* Key to search for the last byte of the converted item. */
+       struct cpu_key end_key;
+
+       /*
+        * new indirect item to be inserted or key
+        * of unfm pointer to be pasted
+        */
+       struct item_head ind_ih;
+       int blk_size;
+       /* returned value for reiserfs_insert_item and clones */
+       int  retval;
+       /* Handle on an unformatted node that will be inserted in the tree. */
+       unp_t unfm_ptr;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_direct2indirect++;
+
+       blk_size = sb->s_blocksize;
+
+       /*
+        * and key to search for append or insert pointer to the new
+        * unformatted node.
+        */
+       copy_item_head(&ind_ih, p_le_ih);
+       set_le_ih_k_offset(&ind_ih, tail_offset);
+       set_le_ih_k_type(&ind_ih, TYPE_INDIRECT);
+
+       /* Set the key to search for the place for new unfm pointer */
+       make_cpu_key(&end_key, inode, tail_offset, TYPE_INDIRECT, 4);
+
+       /* FIXME: we could avoid this */
+       if (search_for_position_by_key(sb, &end_key, path) == POSITION_FOUND) {
+               reiserfs_error(sb, "PAP-14030",
+                              "pasted or inserted byte exists in "
+                              "the tree %K. Use fsck to repair.", &end_key);
+               pathrelse(path);
+               return -EIO;
+       }
+
+       p_le_ih = tp_item_head(path);
+
+       unfm_ptr = cpu_to_le32(unbh->b_blocknr);
+
+       if (is_statdata_le_ih(p_le_ih)) {
+               /* Insert new indirect item. */
+               set_ih_free_space(&ind_ih, 0);  /* delete at nearest future */
+               put_ih_item_len(&ind_ih, UNFM_P_SIZE);
+               PATH_LAST_POSITION(path)++;
+               retval =
+                   reiserfs_insert_item(th, path, &end_key, &ind_ih, inode,
+                                        (char *)&unfm_ptr);
+       } else {
+               /* Paste into last indirect item of an object. */
+               retval = reiserfs_paste_into_item(th, path, &end_key, inode,
+                                                   (char *)&unfm_ptr,
+                                                   UNFM_P_SIZE);
+       }
+       if (retval) {
+               return retval;
+       }
+       /*
+        * note: from here there are two keys which have matching first
+        *  three key components. They only differ by the fourth one.
+        */
+
+       /* Set the key to search for the direct items of the file */
+       make_cpu_key(&end_key, inode, max_reiserfs_offset(inode), TYPE_DIRECT,
+                    4);
+
+       /*
+        * Move bytes from the direct items to the new unformatted node
+        * and delete them.
+        */
+       while (1) {
+               int tail_size;
+
+               /*
+                * end_key.k_offset is set so, that we will always have found
+                * last item of the file
+                */
+               if (search_for_position_by_key(sb, &end_key, path) ==
+                   POSITION_FOUND)
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "PAP-14050",
+                                      "direct item (%K) not found", &end_key);
+               p_le_ih = tp_item_head(path);
+               RFALSE(!is_direct_le_ih(p_le_ih),
+                      "vs-14055: direct item expected(%K), found %h",
+                      &end_key, p_le_ih);
+               tail_size = (le_ih_k_offset(p_le_ih) & (blk_size - 1))
+                   + ih_item_len(p_le_ih) - 1;
+
+               /*
+                * we only send the unbh pointer if the buffer is not
+                * up to date.  this avoids overwriting good data from
+                * writepage() with old data from the disk or buffer cache
+                * Special case: unbh->b_page will be NULL if we are coming
+                * through DIRECT_IO handler here.
+                */
+               if (!unbh->b_page || buffer_uptodate(unbh)
+                   || PageUptodate(unbh->b_page)) {
+                       up_to_date_bh = NULL;
+               } else {
+                       up_to_date_bh = unbh;
+               }
+               retval = reiserfs_delete_item(th, path, &end_key, inode,
+                                               up_to_date_bh);
+
+               total_tail += retval;
+
+               /* done: file does not have direct items anymore */
+               if (tail_size == retval)
+                       break;
+
+       }
+       /*
+        * if we've copied bytes from disk into the page, we need to zero
+        * out the unused part of the block (it was not up to date before)
+        */
+       if (up_to_date_bh) {
+               unsigned pgoff =
+                   (tail_offset + total_tail - 1) & (PAGE_SIZE - 1);
+               char *kaddr = kmap_atomic(up_to_date_bh->b_page);
+               memset(kaddr + pgoff, 0, blk_size - total_tail);
+               kunmap_atomic(kaddr);
+       }
+
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = U32_MAX;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* stolen from fs/buffer.c */
+void reiserfs_unmap_buffer(struct buffer_head *bh)
+{
+       lock_buffer(bh);
+       if (buffer_journaled(bh) || buffer_journal_dirty(bh)) {
+               BUG();
+       }
+       clear_buffer_dirty(bh);
+       /*
+        * Remove the buffer from whatever list it belongs to. We are mostly
+        * interested in removing it from per-sb j_dirty_buffers list, to avoid
+        * BUG() on attempt to write not mapped buffer
+        */
+       if ((!list_empty(&bh->b_assoc_buffers) || bh->b_private) && bh->b_page) {
+               struct inode *inode = bh->b_folio->mapping->host;
+               struct reiserfs_journal *j = SB_JOURNAL(inode->i_sb);
+               spin_lock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+               list_del_init(&bh->b_assoc_buffers);
+               reiserfs_free_jh(bh);
+               spin_unlock(&j->j_dirty_buffers_lock);
+       }
+       clear_buffer_mapped(bh);
+       clear_buffer_req(bh);
+       clear_buffer_new(bh);
+       bh->b_bdev = NULL;
+       unlock_buffer(bh);
+}
+
+/*
+ * this first locks inode (neither reads nor sync are permitted),
+ * reads tail through page cache, insert direct item. When direct item
+ * inserted successfully inode is left locked. Return value is always
+ * what we expect from it (number of cut bytes). But when tail remains
+ * in the unformatted node, we set mode to SKIP_BALANCING and unlock
+ * inode
+ */
+int indirect2direct(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                   struct inode *inode, struct page *page,
+                   struct treepath *path,      /* path to the indirect item. */
+                   const struct cpu_key *item_key,     /* Key to look for
+                                                        * unformatted node
+                                                        * pointer to be cut. */
+                   loff_t n_new_file_size,     /* New file size. */
+                   char *mode)
+{
+       struct super_block *sb = inode->i_sb;
+       struct item_head s_ih;
+       unsigned long block_size = sb->s_blocksize;
+       char *tail;
+       int tail_len, round_tail_len;
+       loff_t pos, pos1;       /* position of first byte of the tail */
+       struct cpu_key key;
+
+       BUG_ON(!th->t_trans_id);
+
+       REISERFS_SB(sb)->s_indirect2direct++;
+
+       *mode = M_SKIP_BALANCING;
+
+       /* store item head path points to. */
+       copy_item_head(&s_ih, tp_item_head(path));
+
+       tail_len = (n_new_file_size & (block_size - 1));
+       if (get_inode_sd_version(inode) == STAT_DATA_V2)
+               round_tail_len = ROUND_UP(tail_len);
+       else
+               round_tail_len = tail_len;
+
+       pos =
+           le_ih_k_offset(&s_ih) - 1 + (ih_item_len(&s_ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE -
+                                        1) * sb->s_blocksize;
+       pos1 = pos;
+
+       /*
+        * we are protected by i_mutex. The tail can not disapper, not
+        * append can be done either
+        * we are in truncate or packing tail in file_release
+        */
+
+       tail = (char *)kmap(page);      /* this can schedule */
+
+       if (path_changed(&s_ih, path)) {
+               /* re-search indirect item */
+               if (search_for_position_by_key(sb, item_key, path)
+                   == POSITION_NOT_FOUND)
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "PAP-5520",
+                                      "item to be converted %K does not exist",
+                                      item_key);
+               copy_item_head(&s_ih, tp_item_head(path));
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_CHECK
+               pos = le_ih_k_offset(&s_ih) - 1 +
+                   (ih_item_len(&s_ih) / UNFM_P_SIZE -
+                    1) * sb->s_blocksize;
+               if (pos != pos1)
+                       reiserfs_panic(sb, "vs-5530", "tail position "
+                                      "changed while we were reading it");
+#endif
+       }
+
+       /* Set direct item header to insert. */
+       make_le_item_head(&s_ih, NULL, get_inode_item_key_version(inode),
+                         pos1 + 1, TYPE_DIRECT, round_tail_len,
+                         0xffff /*ih_free_space */ );
+
+       /*
+        * we want a pointer to the first byte of the tail in the page.
+        * the page was locked and this part of the page was up to date when
+        * indirect2direct was called, so we know the bytes are still valid
+        */
+       tail = tail + (pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
+
+       PATH_LAST_POSITION(path)++;
+
+       key = *item_key;
+       set_cpu_key_k_type(&key, TYPE_DIRECT);
+       key.key_length = 4;
+       /* Insert tail as new direct item in the tree */
+       if (reiserfs_insert_item(th, path, &key, &s_ih, inode,
+                                tail ? tail : NULL) < 0) {
+               /*
+                * No disk memory. So we can not convert last unformatted node
+                * to the direct item.  In this case we used to adjust
+                * indirect items's ih_free_space. Now ih_free_space is not
+                * used, it would be ideal to write zeros to corresponding
+                * unformatted node. For now i_size is considered as guard for
+                * going out of file size
+                */
+               kunmap(page);
+               return block_size - round_tail_len;
+       }
+       kunmap(page);
+
+       /* make sure to get the i_blocks changes from reiserfs_insert_item */
+       reiserfs_update_sd(th, inode);
+
+       /*
+        * note: we have now the same as in above direct2indirect
+        * conversion: there are two keys which have matching first three
+        * key components. They only differ by the fourth one.
+        */
+
+       /*
+        * We have inserted new direct item and must remove last
+        * unformatted node.
+        */
+       *mode = M_CUT;
+
+       /* we store position of first direct item in the in-core inode */
+       /* mark_file_with_tail (inode, pos1 + 1); */
+       REISERFS_I(inode)->i_first_direct_byte = pos1 + 1;
+
+       return block_size - round_tail_len;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..998035a6388e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1039 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * linux/fs/reiserfs/xattr.c
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2002 by Jeff Mahoney, <jeffm@suse.com>
+ *
+ */
+
+/*
+ * In order to implement EA/ACLs in a clean, backwards compatible manner,
+ * they are implemented as files in a "private" directory.
+ * Each EA is in it's own file, with the directory layout like so (/ is assumed
+ * to be relative to fs root). Inside the /.reiserfs_priv/xattrs directory,
+ * directories named using the capital-hex form of the objectid and
+ * generation number are used. Inside each directory are individual files
+ * named with the name of the extended attribute.
+ *
+ * So, for objectid 12648430, we could have:
+ * /.reiserfs_priv/xattrs/C0FFEE.0/system.posix_acl_access
+ * /.reiserfs_priv/xattrs/C0FFEE.0/system.posix_acl_default
+ * /.reiserfs_priv/xattrs/C0FFEE.0/user.Content-Type
+ * .. or similar.
+ *
+ * The file contents are the text of the EA. The size is known based on the
+ * stat data describing the file.
+ *
+ * In the case of system.posix_acl_access and system.posix_acl_default, since
+ * these are special cases for filesystem ACLs, they are interpreted by the
+ * kernel, in addition, they are negatively and positively cached and attached
+ * to the inode so that unnecessary lookups are avoided.
+ *
+ * Locking works like so:
+ * Directory components (xattr root, xattr dir) are protectd by their i_mutex.
+ * The xattrs themselves are protected by the xattr_sem.
+ */
+
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/capability.h>
+#include <linux/dcache.h>
+#include <linux/namei.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/gfp.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/file.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+#include <net/checksum.h>
+#include <linux/stat.h>
+#include <linux/quotaops.h>
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/posix_acl_xattr.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+
+#define PRIVROOT_NAME ".reiserfs_priv"
+#define XAROOT_NAME   "xattrs"
+
+
+/*
+ * Helpers for inode ops. We do this so that we don't have all the VFS
+ * overhead and also for proper i_mutex annotation.
+ * dir->i_mutex must be held for all of them.
+ */
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+static int xattr_create(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, int mode)
+{
+       BUG_ON(!inode_is_locked(dir));
+       return dir->i_op->create(&nop_mnt_idmap, dir, dentry, mode, true);
+}
+#endif
+
+static int xattr_mkdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry, umode_t mode)
+{
+       BUG_ON(!inode_is_locked(dir));
+       return dir->i_op->mkdir(&nop_mnt_idmap, dir, dentry, mode);
+}
+
+/*
+ * We use I_MUTEX_CHILD here to silence lockdep. It's safe because xattr
+ * mutation ops aren't called during rename or splace, which are the
+ * only other users of I_MUTEX_CHILD. It violates the ordering, but that's
+ * better than allocating another subclass just for this code.
+ */
+static int xattr_unlink(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       int error;
+
+       BUG_ON(!inode_is_locked(dir));
+
+       inode_lock_nested(d_inode(dentry), I_MUTEX_CHILD);
+       error = dir->i_op->unlink(dir, dentry);
+       inode_unlock(d_inode(dentry));
+
+       if (!error)
+               d_delete(dentry);
+       return error;
+}
+
+static int xattr_rmdir(struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       int error;
+
+       BUG_ON(!inode_is_locked(dir));
+
+       inode_lock_nested(d_inode(dentry), I_MUTEX_CHILD);
+       error = dir->i_op->rmdir(dir, dentry);
+       if (!error)
+               d_inode(dentry)->i_flags |= S_DEAD;
+       inode_unlock(d_inode(dentry));
+       if (!error)
+               d_delete(dentry);
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+#define xattr_may_create(flags)        (!flags || flags & XATTR_CREATE)
+
+static struct dentry *open_xa_root(struct super_block *sb, int flags)
+{
+       struct dentry *privroot = REISERFS_SB(sb)->priv_root;
+       struct dentry *xaroot;
+
+       if (d_really_is_negative(privroot))
+               return ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
+
+       inode_lock_nested(d_inode(privroot), I_MUTEX_XATTR);
+
+       xaroot = dget(REISERFS_SB(sb)->xattr_root);
+       if (!xaroot)
+               xaroot = ERR_PTR(-EOPNOTSUPP);
+       else if (d_really_is_negative(xaroot)) {
+               int err = -ENODATA;
+
+               if (xattr_may_create(flags))
+                       err = xattr_mkdir(d_inode(privroot), xaroot, 0700);
+               if (err) {
+                       dput(xaroot);
+                       xaroot = ERR_PTR(err);
+               }
+       }
+
+       inode_unlock(d_inode(privroot));
+       return xaroot;
+}
+
+static struct dentry *open_xa_dir(const struct inode *inode, int flags)
+{
+       struct dentry *xaroot, *xadir;
+       char namebuf[17];
+
+       xaroot = open_xa_root(inode->i_sb, flags);
+       if (IS_ERR(xaroot))
+               return xaroot;
+
+       snprintf(namebuf, sizeof(namebuf), "%X.%X",
+                le32_to_cpu(INODE_PKEY(inode)->k_objectid),
+                inode->i_generation);
+
+       inode_lock_nested(d_inode(xaroot), I_MUTEX_XATTR);
+
+       xadir = lookup_one_len(namebuf, xaroot, strlen(namebuf));
+       if (!IS_ERR(xadir) && d_really_is_negative(xadir)) {
+               int err = -ENODATA;
+
+               if (xattr_may_create(flags))
+                       err = xattr_mkdir(d_inode(xaroot), xadir, 0700);
+               if (err) {
+                       dput(xadir);
+                       xadir = ERR_PTR(err);
+               }
+       }
+
+       inode_unlock(d_inode(xaroot));
+       dput(xaroot);
+       return xadir;
+}
+
+/*
+ * The following are side effects of other operations that aren't explicitly
+ * modifying extended attributes. This includes operations such as permissions
+ * or ownership changes, object deletions, etc.
+ */
+struct reiserfs_dentry_buf {
+       struct dir_context ctx;
+       struct dentry *xadir;
+       int count;
+       int err;
+       struct dentry *dentries[8];
+};
+
+static bool
+fill_with_dentries(struct dir_context *ctx, const char *name, int namelen,
+                  loff_t offset, u64 ino, unsigned int d_type)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_dentry_buf *dbuf =
+               container_of(ctx, struct reiserfs_dentry_buf, ctx);
+       struct dentry *dentry;
+
+       WARN_ON_ONCE(!inode_is_locked(d_inode(dbuf->xadir)));
+
+       if (dbuf->count == ARRAY_SIZE(dbuf->dentries))
+               return false;
+
+       if (name[0] == '.' && (namelen < 2 ||
+                              (namelen == 2 && name[1] == '.')))
+               return true;
+
+       dentry = lookup_one_len(name, dbuf->xadir, namelen);
+       if (IS_ERR(dentry)) {
+               dbuf->err = PTR_ERR(dentry);
+               return false;
+       } else if (d_really_is_negative(dentry)) {
+               /* A directory entry exists, but no file? */
+               reiserfs_error(dentry->d_sb, "xattr-20003",
+                              "Corrupted directory: xattr %pd listed but "
+                              "not found for file %pd.\n",
+                              dentry, dbuf->xadir);
+               dput(dentry);
+               dbuf->err = -EIO;
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       dbuf->dentries[dbuf->count++] = dentry;
+       return true;
+}
+
+static void
+cleanup_dentry_buf(struct reiserfs_dentry_buf *buf)
+{
+       int i;
+
+       for (i = 0; i < buf->count; i++)
+               if (buf->dentries[i])
+                       dput(buf->dentries[i]);
+}
+
+static int reiserfs_for_each_xattr(struct inode *inode,
+                                  int (*action)(struct dentry *, void *),
+                                  void *data)
+{
+       struct dentry *dir;
+       int i, err = 0;
+       struct reiserfs_dentry_buf buf = {
+               .ctx.actor = fill_with_dentries,
+       };
+
+       /* Skip out, an xattr has no xattrs associated with it */
+       if (IS_PRIVATE(inode) || get_inode_sd_version(inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+               return 0;
+
+       dir = open_xa_dir(inode, XATTR_REPLACE);
+       if (IS_ERR(dir)) {
+               err = PTR_ERR(dir);
+               goto out;
+       } else if (d_really_is_negative(dir)) {
+               err = 0;
+               goto out_dir;
+       }
+
+       inode_lock_nested(d_inode(dir), I_MUTEX_XATTR);
+
+       buf.xadir = dir;
+       while (1) {
+               err = reiserfs_readdir_inode(d_inode(dir), &buf.ctx);
+               if (err)
+                       break;
+               if (buf.err) {
+                       err = buf.err;
+                       break;
+               }
+               if (!buf.count)
+                       break;
+               for (i = 0; !err && i < buf.count && buf.dentries[i]; i++) {
+                       struct dentry *dentry = buf.dentries[i];
+
+                       if (!d_is_dir(dentry))
+                               err = action(dentry, data);
+
+                       dput(dentry);
+                       buf.dentries[i] = NULL;
+               }
+               if (err)
+                       break;
+               buf.count = 0;
+       }
+       inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+
+       cleanup_dentry_buf(&buf);
+
+       if (!err) {
+               /*
+                * We start a transaction here to avoid a ABBA situation
+                * between the xattr root's i_mutex and the journal lock.
+                * This doesn't incur much additional overhead since the
+                * new transaction will just nest inside the
+                * outer transaction.
+                */
+               int blocks = JOURNAL_PER_BALANCE_CNT * 2 + 2 +
+                            4 * REISERFS_QUOTA_TRANS_BLOCKS(inode->i_sb);
+               struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+               err = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, blocks);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+               if (!err) {
+                       int jerror;
+
+                       inode_lock_nested(d_inode(dir->d_parent),
+                                         I_MUTEX_XATTR);
+                       err = action(dir, data);
+                       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+                       jerror = journal_end(&th);
+                       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+                       inode_unlock(d_inode(dir->d_parent));
+                       err = jerror ?: err;
+               }
+       }
+out_dir:
+       dput(dir);
+out:
+       /*
+        * -ENODATA: this object doesn't have any xattrs
+        * -EOPNOTSUPP: this file system doesn't have xattrs enabled on disk.
+        * Neither are errors
+        */
+       if (err == -ENODATA || err == -EOPNOTSUPP)
+               err = 0;
+       return err;
+}
+
+static int delete_one_xattr(struct dentry *dentry, void *data)
+{
+       struct inode *dir = d_inode(dentry->d_parent);
+
+       /* This is the xattr dir, handle specially. */
+       if (d_is_dir(dentry))
+               return xattr_rmdir(dir, dentry);
+
+       return xattr_unlink(dir, dentry);
+}
+
+static int chown_one_xattr(struct dentry *dentry, void *data)
+{
+       struct iattr *attrs = data;
+       int ia_valid = attrs->ia_valid;
+       int err;
+
+       /*
+        * We only want the ownership bits. Otherwise, we'll do
+        * things like change a directory to a regular file if
+        * ATTR_MODE is set.
+        */
+       attrs->ia_valid &= (ATTR_UID|ATTR_GID);
+       err = reiserfs_setattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, dentry, attrs);
+       attrs->ia_valid = ia_valid;
+
+       return err;
+}
+
+/* No i_mutex, but the inode is unconnected. */
+int reiserfs_delete_xattrs(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       int err = reiserfs_for_each_xattr(inode, delete_one_xattr, NULL);
+
+       if (err)
+               reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "jdm-20004",
+                                "Couldn't delete all xattrs (%d)\n", err);
+       return err;
+}
+
+/* inode->i_mutex: down */
+int reiserfs_chown_xattrs(struct inode *inode, struct iattr *attrs)
+{
+       int err = reiserfs_for_each_xattr(inode, chown_one_xattr, attrs);
+
+       if (err)
+               reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "jdm-20007",
+                                "Couldn't chown all xattrs (%d)\n", err);
+       return err;
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+/*
+ * Returns a dentry corresponding to a specific extended attribute file
+ * for the inode. If flags allow, the file is created. Otherwise, a
+ * valid or negative dentry, or an error is returned.
+ */
+static struct dentry *xattr_lookup(struct inode *inode, const char *name,
+                                   int flags)
+{
+       struct dentry *xadir, *xafile;
+       int err = 0;
+
+       xadir = open_xa_dir(inode, flags);
+       if (IS_ERR(xadir))
+               return ERR_CAST(xadir);
+
+       inode_lock_nested(d_inode(xadir), I_MUTEX_XATTR);
+       xafile = lookup_one_len(name, xadir, strlen(name));
+       if (IS_ERR(xafile)) {
+               err = PTR_ERR(xafile);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       if (d_really_is_positive(xafile) && (flags & XATTR_CREATE))
+               err = -EEXIST;
+
+       if (d_really_is_negative(xafile)) {
+               err = -ENODATA;
+               if (xattr_may_create(flags))
+                       err = xattr_create(d_inode(xadir), xafile,
+                                             0700|S_IFREG);
+       }
+
+       if (err)
+               dput(xafile);
+out:
+       inode_unlock(d_inode(xadir));
+       dput(xadir);
+       if (err)
+               return ERR_PTR(err);
+       return xafile;
+}
+
+/* Internal operations on file data */
+static inline void reiserfs_put_page(struct page *page)
+{
+       kunmap(page);
+       put_page(page);
+}
+
+static struct page *reiserfs_get_page(struct inode *dir, size_t n)
+{
+       struct address_space *mapping = dir->i_mapping;
+       struct page *page;
+       /*
+        * We can deadlock if we try to free dentries,
+        * and an unlink/rmdir has just occurred - GFP_NOFS avoids this
+        */
+       mapping_set_gfp_mask(mapping, GFP_NOFS);
+       page = read_mapping_page(mapping, n >> PAGE_SHIFT, NULL);
+       if (!IS_ERR(page))
+               kmap(page);
+       return page;
+}
+
+static inline __u32 xattr_hash(const char *msg, int len)
+{
+       /*
+        * csum_partial() gives different results for little-endian and
+        * big endian hosts. Images created on little-endian hosts and
+        * mounted on big-endian hosts(and vice versa) will see csum mismatches
+        * when trying to fetch xattrs. Treating the hash as __wsum_t would
+        * lower the frequency of mismatch.  This is an endianness bug in
+        * reiserfs.  The return statement would result in a sparse warning. Do
+        * not fix the sparse warning so as to not hide a reminder of the bug.
+        */
+       return csum_partial(msg, len, 0);
+}
+
+int reiserfs_commit_write(struct file *f, struct page *page,
+                         unsigned from, unsigned to);
+
+static void update_ctime(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       struct timespec64 now = current_time(inode);
+       struct timespec64 ctime = inode_get_ctime(inode);
+
+       if (inode_unhashed(inode) || !inode->i_nlink ||
+           timespec64_equal(&ctime, &now))
+               return;
+
+       inode_set_ctime_to_ts(inode, now);
+       mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+}
+
+static int lookup_and_delete_xattr(struct inode *inode, const char *name)
+{
+       int err = 0;
+       struct dentry *dentry, *xadir;
+
+       xadir = open_xa_dir(inode, XATTR_REPLACE);
+       if (IS_ERR(xadir))
+               return PTR_ERR(xadir);
+
+       inode_lock_nested(d_inode(xadir), I_MUTEX_XATTR);
+       dentry = lookup_one_len(name, xadir, strlen(name));
+       if (IS_ERR(dentry)) {
+               err = PTR_ERR(dentry);
+               goto out_dput;
+       }
+
+       if (d_really_is_positive(dentry)) {
+               err = xattr_unlink(d_inode(xadir), dentry);
+               update_ctime(inode);
+       }
+
+       dput(dentry);
+out_dput:
+       inode_unlock(d_inode(xadir));
+       dput(xadir);
+       return err;
+}
+
+
+/* Generic extended attribute operations that can be used by xa plugins */
+
+/*
+ * inode->i_mutex: down
+ */
+int
+reiserfs_xattr_set_handle(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                         struct inode *inode, const char *name,
+                         const void *buffer, size_t buffer_size, int flags)
+{
+       int err = 0;
+       struct dentry *dentry;
+       struct page *page;
+       char *data;
+       size_t file_pos = 0;
+       size_t buffer_pos = 0;
+       size_t new_size;
+       __u32 xahash = 0;
+
+       if (get_inode_sd_version(inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+       if (!buffer) {
+               err = lookup_and_delete_xattr(inode, name);
+               return err;
+       }
+
+       dentry = xattr_lookup(inode, name, flags);
+       if (IS_ERR(dentry))
+               return PTR_ERR(dentry);
+
+       down_write(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_xattr_sem);
+
+       xahash = xattr_hash(buffer, buffer_size);
+       while (buffer_pos < buffer_size || buffer_pos == 0) {
+               size_t chunk;
+               size_t skip = 0;
+               size_t page_offset = (file_pos & (PAGE_SIZE - 1));
+
+               if (buffer_size - buffer_pos > PAGE_SIZE)
+                       chunk = PAGE_SIZE;
+               else
+                       chunk = buffer_size - buffer_pos;
+
+               page = reiserfs_get_page(d_inode(dentry), file_pos);
+               if (IS_ERR(page)) {
+                       err = PTR_ERR(page);
+                       goto out_unlock;
+               }
+
+               lock_page(page);
+               data = page_address(page);
+
+               if (file_pos == 0) {
+                       struct reiserfs_xattr_header *rxh;
+
+                       skip = file_pos = sizeof(struct reiserfs_xattr_header);
+                       if (chunk + skip > PAGE_SIZE)
+                               chunk = PAGE_SIZE - skip;
+                       rxh = (struct reiserfs_xattr_header *)data;
+                       rxh->h_magic = cpu_to_le32(REISERFS_XATTR_MAGIC);
+                       rxh->h_hash = cpu_to_le32(xahash);
+               }
+
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+               err = __reiserfs_write_begin(page, page_offset, chunk + skip);
+               if (!err) {
+                       if (buffer)
+                               memcpy(data + skip, buffer + buffer_pos, chunk);
+                       err = reiserfs_commit_write(NULL, page, page_offset,
+                                                   page_offset + chunk +
+                                                   skip);
+               }
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+               unlock_page(page);
+               reiserfs_put_page(page);
+               buffer_pos += chunk;
+               file_pos += chunk;
+               skip = 0;
+               if (err || buffer_size == 0 || !buffer)
+                       break;
+       }
+
+       new_size = buffer_size + sizeof(struct reiserfs_xattr_header);
+       if (!err && new_size < i_size_read(d_inode(dentry))) {
+               struct iattr newattrs = {
+                       .ia_ctime = current_time(inode),
+                       .ia_size = new_size,
+                       .ia_valid = ATTR_SIZE | ATTR_CTIME,
+               };
+
+               inode_lock_nested(d_inode(dentry), I_MUTEX_XATTR);
+               inode_dio_wait(d_inode(dentry));
+
+               err = reiserfs_setattr(&nop_mnt_idmap, dentry, &newattrs);
+               inode_unlock(d_inode(dentry));
+       } else
+               update_ctime(inode);
+out_unlock:
+       up_write(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_xattr_sem);
+       dput(dentry);
+       return err;
+}
+
+/* We need to start a transaction to maintain lock ordering */
+int reiserfs_xattr_set(struct inode *inode, const char *name,
+                      const void *buffer, size_t buffer_size, int flags)
+{
+
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       int error, error2;
+       size_t jbegin_count = reiserfs_xattr_nblocks(inode, buffer_size);
+
+       /* Check before we start a transaction and then do nothing. */
+       if (!d_really_is_positive(REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->priv_root))
+               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+       if (!(flags & XATTR_REPLACE))
+               jbegin_count += reiserfs_xattr_jcreate_nblocks(inode);
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       error = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jbegin_count);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       if (error) {
+               return error;
+       }
+
+       error = reiserfs_xattr_set_handle(&th, inode, name,
+                                         buffer, buffer_size, flags);
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       error2 = journal_end(&th);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       if (error == 0)
+               error = error2;
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * inode->i_mutex: down
+ */
+int
+reiserfs_xattr_get(struct inode *inode, const char *name, void *buffer,
+                  size_t buffer_size)
+{
+       ssize_t err = 0;
+       struct dentry *dentry;
+       size_t isize;
+       size_t file_pos = 0;
+       size_t buffer_pos = 0;
+       struct page *page;
+       __u32 hash = 0;
+
+       if (name == NULL)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       /*
+        * We can't have xattrs attached to v1 items since they don't have
+        * generation numbers
+        */
+       if (get_inode_sd_version(inode) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+       /*
+        * priv_root needn't be initialized during mount so allow initial
+        * lookups to succeed.
+        */
+       if (!REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->priv_root)
+               return 0;
+
+       dentry = xattr_lookup(inode, name, XATTR_REPLACE);
+       if (IS_ERR(dentry)) {
+               err = PTR_ERR(dentry);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       down_read(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_xattr_sem);
+
+       isize = i_size_read(d_inode(dentry));
+
+       /* Just return the size needed */
+       if (buffer == NULL) {
+               err = isize - sizeof(struct reiserfs_xattr_header);
+               goto out_unlock;
+       }
+
+       if (buffer_size < isize - sizeof(struct reiserfs_xattr_header)) {
+               err = -ERANGE;
+               goto out_unlock;
+       }
+
+       while (file_pos < isize) {
+               size_t chunk;
+               char *data;
+               size_t skip = 0;
+
+               if (isize - file_pos > PAGE_SIZE)
+                       chunk = PAGE_SIZE;
+               else
+                       chunk = isize - file_pos;
+
+               page = reiserfs_get_page(d_inode(dentry), file_pos);
+               if (IS_ERR(page)) {
+                       err = PTR_ERR(page);
+                       goto out_unlock;
+               }
+
+               lock_page(page);
+               data = page_address(page);
+               if (file_pos == 0) {
+                       struct reiserfs_xattr_header *rxh =
+                           (struct reiserfs_xattr_header *)data;
+                       skip = file_pos = sizeof(struct reiserfs_xattr_header);
+                       chunk -= skip;
+                       /* Magic doesn't match up.. */
+                       if (rxh->h_magic != cpu_to_le32(REISERFS_XATTR_MAGIC)) {
+                               unlock_page(page);
+                               reiserfs_put_page(page);
+                               reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "jdm-20001",
+                                                "Invalid magic for xattr (%s) "
+                                                "associated with %k", name,
+                                                INODE_PKEY(inode));
+                               err = -EIO;
+                               goto out_unlock;
+                       }
+                       hash = le32_to_cpu(rxh->h_hash);
+               }
+               memcpy(buffer + buffer_pos, data + skip, chunk);
+               unlock_page(page);
+               reiserfs_put_page(page);
+               file_pos += chunk;
+               buffer_pos += chunk;
+               skip = 0;
+       }
+       err = isize - sizeof(struct reiserfs_xattr_header);
+
+       if (xattr_hash(buffer, isize - sizeof(struct reiserfs_xattr_header)) !=
+           hash) {
+               reiserfs_warning(inode->i_sb, "jdm-20002",
+                                "Invalid hash for xattr (%s) associated "
+                                "with %k", name, INODE_PKEY(inode));
+               err = -EIO;
+       }
+
+out_unlock:
+       up_read(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_xattr_sem);
+       dput(dentry);
+
+out:
+       return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * In order to implement different sets of xattr operations for each xattr
+ * prefix with the generic xattr API, a filesystem should create a
+ * null-terminated array of struct xattr_handler (one for each prefix) and
+ * hang a pointer to it off of the s_xattr field of the superblock.
+ *
+ * The generic_fooxattr() functions will use this list to dispatch xattr
+ * operations to the correct xattr_handler.
+ */
+#define for_each_xattr_handler(handlers, handler)              \
+               for ((handler) = *(handlers)++;                 \
+                       (handler) != NULL;                      \
+                       (handler) = *(handlers)++)
+
+static inline bool reiserfs_posix_acl_list(const char *name,
+                                          struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       return (posix_acl_type(name) >= 0) &&
+              IS_POSIXACL(d_backing_inode(dentry));
+}
+
+/* This is the implementation for the xattr plugin infrastructure */
+static inline bool reiserfs_xattr_list(const struct xattr_handler * const *handlers,
+                                      const char *name, struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       if (handlers) {
+               const struct xattr_handler *xah = NULL;
+
+               for_each_xattr_handler(handlers, xah) {
+                       const char *prefix = xattr_prefix(xah);
+
+                       if (strncmp(prefix, name, strlen(prefix)))
+                               continue;
+
+                       if (!xattr_handler_can_list(xah, dentry))
+                               return false;
+
+                       return true;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return reiserfs_posix_acl_list(name, dentry);
+}
+
+struct listxattr_buf {
+       struct dir_context ctx;
+       size_t size;
+       size_t pos;
+       char *buf;
+       struct dentry *dentry;
+};
+
+static bool listxattr_filler(struct dir_context *ctx, const char *name,
+                           int namelen, loff_t offset, u64 ino,
+                           unsigned int d_type)
+{
+       struct listxattr_buf *b =
+               container_of(ctx, struct listxattr_buf, ctx);
+       size_t size;
+
+       if (name[0] != '.' ||
+           (namelen != 1 && (name[1] != '.' || namelen != 2))) {
+               if (!reiserfs_xattr_list(b->dentry->d_sb->s_xattr, name,
+                                        b->dentry))
+                       return true;
+               size = namelen + 1;
+               if (b->buf) {
+                       if (b->pos + size > b->size) {
+                               b->pos = -ERANGE;
+                               return false;
+                       }
+                       memcpy(b->buf + b->pos, name, namelen);
+                       b->buf[b->pos + namelen] = 0;
+               }
+               b->pos += size;
+       }
+       return true;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Inode operation listxattr()
+ *
+ * We totally ignore the generic listxattr here because it would be stupid
+ * not to. Since the xattrs are organized in a directory, we can just
+ * readdir to find them.
+ */
+ssize_t reiserfs_listxattr(struct dentry * dentry, char *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+       struct dentry *dir;
+       int err = 0;
+       struct listxattr_buf buf = {
+               .ctx.actor = listxattr_filler,
+               .dentry = dentry,
+               .buf = buffer,
+               .size = buffer ? size : 0,
+       };
+
+       if (d_really_is_negative(dentry))
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       if (get_inode_sd_version(d_inode(dentry)) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+
+       dir = open_xa_dir(d_inode(dentry), XATTR_REPLACE);
+       if (IS_ERR(dir)) {
+               err = PTR_ERR(dir);
+               if (err == -ENODATA)
+                       err = 0;  /* Not an error if there aren't any xattrs */
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       inode_lock_nested(d_inode(dir), I_MUTEX_XATTR);
+       err = reiserfs_readdir_inode(d_inode(dir), &buf.ctx);
+       inode_unlock(d_inode(dir));
+
+       if (!err)
+               err = buf.pos;
+
+       dput(dir);
+out:
+       return err;
+}
+
+static int create_privroot(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       int err;
+       struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry->d_parent);
+
+       WARN_ON_ONCE(!inode_is_locked(inode));
+
+       err = xattr_mkdir(inode, dentry, 0700);
+       if (err || d_really_is_negative(dentry)) {
+               reiserfs_warning(dentry->d_sb, "jdm-20006",
+                                "xattrs/ACLs enabled and couldn't "
+                                "find/create .reiserfs_priv. "
+                                "Failing mount.");
+               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+       }
+
+       reiserfs_init_priv_inode(d_inode(dentry));
+       reiserfs_info(dentry->d_sb, "Created %s - reserved for xattr "
+                     "storage.\n", PRIVROOT_NAME);
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+#else
+int __init reiserfs_xattr_register_handlers(void) { return 0; }
+void reiserfs_xattr_unregister_handlers(void) {}
+static int create_privroot(struct dentry *dentry) { return 0; }
+#endif
+
+/* Actual operations that are exported to VFS-land */
+const struct xattr_handler * const reiserfs_xattr_handlers[] = {
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+       &reiserfs_xattr_user_handler,
+       &reiserfs_xattr_trusted_handler,
+#endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_SECURITY
+       &reiserfs_xattr_security_handler,
+#endif
+       NULL
+};
+
+static int xattr_mount_check(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       /*
+        * We need generation numbers to ensure that the oid mapping is correct
+        * v3.5 filesystems don't have them.
+        */
+       if (old_format_only(s)) {
+               if (reiserfs_xattrs_optional(s)) {
+                       /*
+                        * Old format filesystem, but optional xattrs have
+                        * been enabled. Error out.
+                        */
+                       reiserfs_warning(s, "jdm-2005",
+                                        "xattrs/ACLs not supported "
+                                        "on pre-v3.6 format filesystems. "
+                                        "Failing mount.");
+                       return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+               }
+       }
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_permission(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct inode *inode,
+                       int mask)
+{
+       /*
+        * We don't do permission checks on the internal objects.
+        * Permissions are determined by the "owning" object.
+        */
+       if (IS_PRIVATE(inode))
+               return 0;
+
+       return generic_permission(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode, mask);
+}
+
+static int xattr_hide_revalidate(struct dentry *dentry, unsigned int flags)
+{
+       return -EPERM;
+}
+
+static const struct dentry_operations xattr_lookup_poison_ops = {
+       .d_revalidate = xattr_hide_revalidate,
+};
+
+int reiserfs_lookup_privroot(struct super_block *s)
+{
+       struct dentry *dentry;
+       int err = 0;
+
+       /* If we don't have the privroot located yet - go find it */
+       inode_lock(d_inode(s->s_root));
+       dentry = lookup_one_len(PRIVROOT_NAME, s->s_root,
+                               strlen(PRIVROOT_NAME));
+       if (!IS_ERR(dentry)) {
+               REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root = dentry;
+               d_set_d_op(dentry, &xattr_lookup_poison_ops);
+               if (d_really_is_positive(dentry))
+                       reiserfs_init_priv_inode(d_inode(dentry));
+       } else
+               err = PTR_ERR(dentry);
+       inode_unlock(d_inode(s->s_root));
+
+       return err;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We need to take a copy of the mount flags since things like
+ * SB_RDONLY don't get set until *after* we're called.
+ * mount_flags != mount_options
+ */
+int reiserfs_xattr_init(struct super_block *s, int mount_flags)
+{
+       int err = 0;
+       struct dentry *privroot = REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root;
+
+       err = xattr_mount_check(s);
+       if (err)
+               goto error;
+
+       if (d_really_is_negative(privroot) && !(mount_flags & SB_RDONLY)) {
+               inode_lock(d_inode(s->s_root));
+               err = create_privroot(REISERFS_SB(s)->priv_root);
+               inode_unlock(d_inode(s->s_root));
+       }
+
+       if (d_really_is_positive(privroot)) {
+               inode_lock(d_inode(privroot));
+               if (!REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_root) {
+                       struct dentry *dentry;
+
+                       dentry = lookup_one_len(XAROOT_NAME, privroot,
+                                               strlen(XAROOT_NAME));
+                       if (!IS_ERR(dentry))
+                               REISERFS_SB(s)->xattr_root = dentry;
+                       else
+                               err = PTR_ERR(dentry);
+               }
+               inode_unlock(d_inode(privroot));
+       }
+
+error:
+       if (err) {
+               clear_bit(REISERFS_XATTRS_USER, &REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt);
+               clear_bit(REISERFS_POSIXACL, &REISERFS_SB(s)->s_mount_opt);
+       }
+
+       /* The super_block SB_POSIXACL must mirror the (no)acl mount option. */
+       if (reiserfs_posixacl(s))
+               s->s_flags |= SB_POSIXACL;
+       else
+               s->s_flags &= ~SB_POSIXACL;
+
+       return err;
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr.h b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5868a4e990e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr.h
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#include <linux/reiserfs_xattr.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/list.h>
+#include <linux/rwsem.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+
+struct inode;
+struct dentry;
+struct iattr;
+struct super_block;
+
+int reiserfs_xattr_register_handlers(void) __init;
+void reiserfs_xattr_unregister_handlers(void);
+int reiserfs_xattr_init(struct super_block *sb, int mount_flags);
+int reiserfs_lookup_privroot(struct super_block *sb);
+int reiserfs_delete_xattrs(struct inode *inode);
+int reiserfs_chown_xattrs(struct inode *inode, struct iattr *attrs);
+int reiserfs_permission(struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+                       struct inode *inode, int mask);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR
+#define has_xattr_dir(inode) (REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_has_xattr_dir)
+ssize_t reiserfs_listxattr(struct dentry *dentry, char *buffer, size_t size);
+
+int reiserfs_xattr_get(struct inode *, const char *, void *, size_t);
+int reiserfs_xattr_set(struct inode *, const char *, const void *, size_t, int);
+int reiserfs_xattr_set_handle(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *,
+                             struct inode *, const char *, const void *,
+                             size_t, int);
+
+extern const struct xattr_handler reiserfs_xattr_user_handler;
+extern const struct xattr_handler reiserfs_xattr_trusted_handler;
+extern const struct xattr_handler reiserfs_xattr_security_handler;
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_SECURITY
+int reiserfs_security_init(struct inode *dir, struct inode *inode,
+                          const struct qstr *qstr,
+                          struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec);
+int reiserfs_security_write(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                           struct inode *inode,
+                           struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec);
+void reiserfs_security_free(struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec);
+#endif
+
+static inline int reiserfs_xattrs_initialized(struct super_block *sb)
+{
+       return REISERFS_SB(sb)->priv_root && REISERFS_SB(sb)->xattr_root;
+}
+
+#define xattr_size(size) ((size) + sizeof(struct reiserfs_xattr_header))
+static inline loff_t reiserfs_xattr_nblocks(struct inode *inode, loff_t size)
+{
+       loff_t ret = 0;
+       if (reiserfs_file_data_log(inode)) {
+               ret = _ROUND_UP(xattr_size(size), inode->i_sb->s_blocksize);
+               ret >>= inode->i_sb->s_blocksize_bits;
+       }
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We may have to create up to 3 objects: xattr root, xattr dir, xattr file.
+ * Let's try to be smart about it.
+ * xattr root: We cache it. If it's not cached, we may need to create it.
+ * xattr dir: If anything has been loaded for this inode, we can set a flag
+ *            saying so.
+ * xattr file: Since we don't cache xattrs, we can't tell. We always include
+ *             blocks for it.
+ *
+ * However, since root and dir can be created between calls - YOU MUST SAVE
+ * THIS VALUE.
+ */
+static inline size_t reiserfs_xattr_jcreate_nblocks(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       size_t nblocks = JOURNAL_BLOCKS_PER_OBJECT(inode->i_sb);
+
+       if ((REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags & i_has_xattr_dir) == 0) {
+               nblocks += JOURNAL_BLOCKS_PER_OBJECT(inode->i_sb);
+               if (d_really_is_negative(REISERFS_SB(inode->i_sb)->xattr_root))
+                       nblocks += JOURNAL_BLOCKS_PER_OBJECT(inode->i_sb);
+       }
+
+       return nblocks;
+}
+
+static inline void reiserfs_init_xattr_rwsem(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       init_rwsem(&REISERFS_I(inode)->i_xattr_sem);
+}
+
+#else
+
+#define reiserfs_listxattr NULL
+
+static inline void reiserfs_init_xattr_rwsem(struct inode *inode)
+{
+}
+#endif  /*  CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_XATTR  */
+
+#ifndef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_SECURITY
+static inline int reiserfs_security_init(struct inode *dir,
+                                        struct inode *inode,
+                                        const struct qstr *qstr,
+                                        struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+static inline int
+reiserfs_security_write(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                       struct inode *inode,
+                       struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec)
+{
+       return 0;
+}
+static inline void reiserfs_security_free(struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec)
+{}
+#endif
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..064264992b49
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_acl.c
@@ -0,0 +1,411 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include <linux/capability.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/posix_acl.h>
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/posix_acl_xattr.h>
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include "acl.h"
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+
+static int __reiserfs_set_acl(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                           struct inode *inode, int type,
+                           struct posix_acl *acl);
+
+
+int
+reiserfs_set_acl(struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *dentry,
+                struct posix_acl *acl, int type)
+{
+       int error, error2;
+       struct reiserfs_transaction_handle th;
+       size_t jcreate_blocks;
+       int size = acl ? posix_acl_xattr_size(acl->a_count) : 0;
+       int update_mode = 0;
+       struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+       umode_t mode = inode->i_mode;
+
+       /*
+        * Pessimism: We can't assume that anything from the xattr root up
+        * has been created.
+        */
+
+       jcreate_blocks = reiserfs_xattr_jcreate_nblocks(inode) +
+                        reiserfs_xattr_nblocks(inode, size) * 2;
+
+       reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+       error = journal_begin(&th, inode->i_sb, jcreate_blocks);
+       reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+       if (error == 0) {
+               if (type == ACL_TYPE_ACCESS && acl) {
+                       error = posix_acl_update_mode(&nop_mnt_idmap, inode,
+                                                     &mode, &acl);
+                       if (error)
+                               goto unlock;
+                       update_mode = 1;
+               }
+               error = __reiserfs_set_acl(&th, inode, type, acl);
+               if (!error && update_mode)
+                       inode->i_mode = mode;
+unlock:
+               reiserfs_write_lock(inode->i_sb);
+               error2 = journal_end(&th);
+               reiserfs_write_unlock(inode->i_sb);
+               if (error2)
+                       error = error2;
+       }
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert from filesystem to in-memory representation.
+ */
+static struct posix_acl *reiserfs_posix_acl_from_disk(const void *value, size_t size)
+{
+       const char *end = (char *)value + size;
+       int n, count;
+       struct posix_acl *acl;
+
+       if (!value)
+               return NULL;
+       if (size < sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header))
+               return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+       if (((reiserfs_acl_header *) value)->a_version !=
+           cpu_to_le32(REISERFS_ACL_VERSION))
+               return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+       value = (char *)value + sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header);
+       count = reiserfs_acl_count(size);
+       if (count < 0)
+               return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+       if (count == 0)
+               return NULL;
+       acl = posix_acl_alloc(count, GFP_NOFS);
+       if (!acl)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+       for (n = 0; n < count; n++) {
+               reiserfs_acl_entry *entry = (reiserfs_acl_entry *) value;
+               if ((char *)value + sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short) > end)
+                       goto fail;
+               acl->a_entries[n].e_tag = le16_to_cpu(entry->e_tag);
+               acl->a_entries[n].e_perm = le16_to_cpu(entry->e_perm);
+               switch (acl->a_entries[n].e_tag) {
+               case ACL_USER_OBJ:
+               case ACL_GROUP_OBJ:
+               case ACL_MASK:
+               case ACL_OTHER:
+                       value = (char *)value +
+                           sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short);
+                       break;
+
+               case ACL_USER:
+                       value = (char *)value + sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry);
+                       if ((char *)value > end)
+                               goto fail;
+                       acl->a_entries[n].e_uid = 
+                               make_kuid(&init_user_ns,
+                                         le32_to_cpu(entry->e_id));
+                       break;
+               case ACL_GROUP:
+                       value = (char *)value + sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry);
+                       if ((char *)value > end)
+                               goto fail;
+                       acl->a_entries[n].e_gid =
+                               make_kgid(&init_user_ns,
+                                         le32_to_cpu(entry->e_id));
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       goto fail;
+               }
+       }
+       if (value != end)
+               goto fail;
+       return acl;
+
+fail:
+       posix_acl_release(acl);
+       return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Convert from in-memory to filesystem representation.
+ */
+static void *reiserfs_posix_acl_to_disk(const struct posix_acl *acl, size_t * size)
+{
+       reiserfs_acl_header *ext_acl;
+       char *e;
+       int n;
+
+       *size = reiserfs_acl_size(acl->a_count);
+       ext_acl = kmalloc(sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header) +
+                                                 acl->a_count *
+                                                 sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry),
+                                                 GFP_NOFS);
+       if (!ext_acl)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+       ext_acl->a_version = cpu_to_le32(REISERFS_ACL_VERSION);
+       e = (char *)ext_acl + sizeof(reiserfs_acl_header);
+       for (n = 0; n < acl->a_count; n++) {
+               const struct posix_acl_entry *acl_e = &acl->a_entries[n];
+               reiserfs_acl_entry *entry = (reiserfs_acl_entry *) e;
+               entry->e_tag = cpu_to_le16(acl->a_entries[n].e_tag);
+               entry->e_perm = cpu_to_le16(acl->a_entries[n].e_perm);
+               switch (acl->a_entries[n].e_tag) {
+               case ACL_USER:
+                       entry->e_id = cpu_to_le32(
+                               from_kuid(&init_user_ns, acl_e->e_uid));
+                       e += sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry);
+                       break;
+               case ACL_GROUP:
+                       entry->e_id = cpu_to_le32(
+                               from_kgid(&init_user_ns, acl_e->e_gid));
+                       e += sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry);
+                       break;
+
+               case ACL_USER_OBJ:
+               case ACL_GROUP_OBJ:
+               case ACL_MASK:
+               case ACL_OTHER:
+                       e += sizeof(reiserfs_acl_entry_short);
+                       break;
+
+               default:
+                       goto fail;
+               }
+       }
+       return (char *)ext_acl;
+
+fail:
+       kfree(ext_acl);
+       return ERR_PTR(-EINVAL);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Inode operation get_posix_acl().
+ *
+ * inode->i_mutex: down
+ * BKL held [before 2.5.x]
+ */
+struct posix_acl *reiserfs_get_acl(struct inode *inode, int type, bool rcu)
+{
+       char *name, *value;
+       struct posix_acl *acl;
+       int size;
+       int retval;
+
+       if (rcu)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ECHILD);
+
+       switch (type) {
+       case ACL_TYPE_ACCESS:
+               name = XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS;
+               break;
+       case ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT:
+               name = XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT;
+               break;
+       default:
+               BUG();
+       }
+
+       size = reiserfs_xattr_get(inode, name, NULL, 0);
+       if (size < 0) {
+               if (size == -ENODATA || size == -ENOSYS)
+                       return NULL;
+               return ERR_PTR(size);
+       }
+
+       value = kmalloc(size, GFP_NOFS);
+       if (!value)
+               return ERR_PTR(-ENOMEM);
+
+       retval = reiserfs_xattr_get(inode, name, value, size);
+       if (retval == -ENODATA || retval == -ENOSYS) {
+               /*
+                * This shouldn't actually happen as it should have
+                * been caught above.. but just in case
+                */
+               acl = NULL;
+       } else if (retval < 0) {
+               acl = ERR_PTR(retval);
+       } else {
+               acl = reiserfs_posix_acl_from_disk(value, retval);
+       }
+
+       kfree(value);
+       return acl;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Inode operation set_posix_acl().
+ *
+ * inode->i_mutex: down
+ * BKL held [before 2.5.x]
+ */
+static int
+__reiserfs_set_acl(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th, struct inode *inode,
+                int type, struct posix_acl *acl)
+{
+       char *name;
+       void *value = NULL;
+       size_t size = 0;
+       int error;
+
+       switch (type) {
+       case ACL_TYPE_ACCESS:
+               name = XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_ACCESS;
+               break;
+       case ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT:
+               name = XATTR_NAME_POSIX_ACL_DEFAULT;
+               if (!S_ISDIR(inode->i_mode))
+                       return acl ? -EACCES : 0;
+               break;
+       default:
+               return -EINVAL;
+       }
+
+       if (acl) {
+               value = reiserfs_posix_acl_to_disk(acl, &size);
+               if (IS_ERR(value))
+                       return (int)PTR_ERR(value);
+       }
+
+       error = reiserfs_xattr_set_handle(th, inode, name, value, size, 0);
+
+       /*
+        * Ensure that the inode gets dirtied if we're only using
+        * the mode bits and an old ACL didn't exist. We don't need
+        * to check if the inode is hashed here since we won't get
+        * called by reiserfs_inherit_default_acl().
+        */
+       if (error == -ENODATA) {
+               error = 0;
+               if (type == ACL_TYPE_ACCESS) {
+                       inode_set_ctime_current(inode);
+                       mark_inode_dirty(inode);
+               }
+       }
+
+       kfree(value);
+
+       if (!error)
+               set_cached_acl(inode, type, acl);
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+/*
+ * dir->i_mutex: locked,
+ * inode is new and not released into the wild yet
+ */
+int
+reiserfs_inherit_default_acl(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                            struct inode *dir, struct dentry *dentry,
+                            struct inode *inode)
+{
+       struct posix_acl *default_acl, *acl;
+       int err = 0;
+
+       /* ACLs only get applied to files and directories */
+       if (S_ISLNK(inode->i_mode))
+               return 0;
+
+       /*
+        * ACLs can only be used on "new" objects, so if it's an old object
+        * there is nothing to inherit from
+        */
+       if (get_inode_sd_version(dir) == STAT_DATA_V1)
+               goto apply_umask;
+
+       /*
+        * Don't apply ACLs to objects in the .reiserfs_priv tree.. This
+        * would be useless since permissions are ignored, and a pain because
+        * it introduces locking cycles
+        */
+       if (IS_PRIVATE(inode))
+               goto apply_umask;
+
+       err = posix_acl_create(dir, &inode->i_mode, &default_acl, &acl);
+       if (err)
+               return err;
+
+       if (default_acl) {
+               err = __reiserfs_set_acl(th, inode, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT,
+                                        default_acl);
+               posix_acl_release(default_acl);
+       }
+       if (acl) {
+               if (!err)
+                       err = __reiserfs_set_acl(th, inode, ACL_TYPE_ACCESS,
+                                                acl);
+               posix_acl_release(acl);
+       }
+
+       return err;
+
+apply_umask:
+       /* no ACL, apply umask */
+       inode->i_mode &= ~current_umask();
+       return err;
+}
+
+/* This is used to cache the default acl before a new object is created.
+ * The biggest reason for this is to get an idea of how many blocks will
+ * actually be required for the create operation if we must inherit an ACL.
+ * An ACL write can add up to 3 object creations and an additional file write
+ * so we'd prefer not to reserve that many blocks in the journal if we can.
+ * It also has the advantage of not loading the ACL with a transaction open,
+ * this may seem silly, but if the owner of the directory is doing the
+ * creation, the ACL may not be loaded since the permissions wouldn't require
+ * it.
+ * We return the number of blocks required for the transaction.
+ */
+int reiserfs_cache_default_acl(struct inode *inode)
+{
+       struct posix_acl *acl;
+       int nblocks = 0;
+
+       if (IS_PRIVATE(inode))
+               return 0;
+
+       acl = get_inode_acl(inode, ACL_TYPE_DEFAULT);
+
+       if (acl && !IS_ERR(acl)) {
+               int size = reiserfs_acl_size(acl->a_count);
+
+               /* Other xattrs can be created during inode creation. We don't
+                * want to claim too many blocks, so we check to see if we
+                * need to create the tree to the xattrs, and then we
+                * just want two files. */
+               nblocks = reiserfs_xattr_jcreate_nblocks(inode);
+               nblocks += JOURNAL_BLOCKS_PER_OBJECT(inode->i_sb);
+
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_has_xattr_dir;
+
+               /* We need to account for writes + bitmaps for two files */
+               nblocks += reiserfs_xattr_nblocks(inode, size) * 4;
+               posix_acl_release(acl);
+       }
+
+       return nblocks;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Called under i_mutex
+ */
+int reiserfs_acl_chmod(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       struct inode *inode = d_inode(dentry);
+
+       if (IS_PRIVATE(inode))
+               return 0;
+       if (get_inode_sd_version(inode) == STAT_DATA_V1 ||
+           !reiserfs_posixacl(inode->i_sb))
+               return 0;
+
+       return posix_acl_chmod(&nop_mnt_idmap, dentry, inode->i_mode);
+}
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..078dd8cc312f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_security.c
@@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include <linux/security.h>
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+
+static int
+security_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler, struct dentry *unused,
+            struct inode *inode, const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+       if (IS_PRIVATE(inode))
+               return -EPERM;
+
+       return reiserfs_xattr_get(inode, xattr_full_name(handler, name),
+                                 buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+security_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
+            struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *unused,
+            struct inode *inode, const char *name, const void *buffer,
+            size_t size, int flags)
+{
+       if (IS_PRIVATE(inode))
+               return -EPERM;
+
+       return reiserfs_xattr_set(inode,
+                                 xattr_full_name(handler, name),
+                                 buffer, size, flags);
+}
+
+static bool security_list(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       return !IS_PRIVATE(d_inode(dentry));
+}
+
+static int
+reiserfs_initxattrs(struct inode *inode, const struct xattr *xattr_array,
+                   void *fs_info)
+{
+       struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec = fs_info;
+
+       sec->value = kmemdup(xattr_array->value, xattr_array->value_len,
+                            GFP_KERNEL);
+       if (!sec->value)
+               return -ENOMEM;
+
+       sec->name = xattr_array->name;
+       sec->length = xattr_array->value_len;
+       return 0;
+}
+
+/* Initializes the security context for a new inode and returns the number
+ * of blocks needed for the transaction. If successful, reiserfs_security
+ * must be released using reiserfs_security_free when the caller is done. */
+int reiserfs_security_init(struct inode *dir, struct inode *inode,
+                          const struct qstr *qstr,
+                          struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec)
+{
+       int blocks = 0;
+       int error;
+
+       sec->name = NULL;
+       sec->value = NULL;
+       sec->length = 0;
+
+       /* Don't add selinux attributes on xattrs - they'll never get used */
+       if (IS_PRIVATE(dir))
+               return 0;
+
+       error = security_inode_init_security(inode, dir, qstr,
+                                            &reiserfs_initxattrs, sec);
+       if (error) {
+               sec->name = NULL;
+               sec->value = NULL;
+               sec->length = 0;
+               return error;
+       }
+
+       if (sec->length && reiserfs_xattrs_initialized(inode->i_sb)) {
+               blocks = reiserfs_xattr_jcreate_nblocks(inode) +
+                        reiserfs_xattr_nblocks(inode, sec->length);
+               /* We don't want to count the directories twice if we have
+                * a default ACL. */
+               REISERFS_I(inode)->i_flags |= i_has_xattr_dir;
+       }
+       return blocks;
+}
+
+int reiserfs_security_write(struct reiserfs_transaction_handle *th,
+                           struct inode *inode,
+                           struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec)
+{
+       char xattr_name[XATTR_NAME_MAX + 1] = XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX;
+       int error;
+
+       if (XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX_LEN + strlen(sec->name) > XATTR_NAME_MAX)
+               return -EINVAL;
+
+       strlcat(xattr_name, sec->name, sizeof(xattr_name));
+
+       error = reiserfs_xattr_set_handle(th, inode, xattr_name, sec->value,
+                                         sec->length, XATTR_CREATE);
+       if (error == -ENODATA || error == -EOPNOTSUPP)
+               error = 0;
+
+       return error;
+}
+
+void reiserfs_security_free(struct reiserfs_security_handle *sec)
+{
+       kfree(sec->value);
+       sec->name = NULL;
+       sec->value = NULL;
+}
+
+const struct xattr_handler reiserfs_xattr_security_handler = {
+       .prefix = XATTR_SECURITY_PREFIX,
+       .get = security_get,
+       .set = security_set,
+       .list = security_list,
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..0c0c74d8db0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_trusted.c
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/capability.h>
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+
+static int
+trusted_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler, struct dentry *unused,
+           struct inode *inode, const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+       if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || IS_PRIVATE(inode))
+               return -EPERM;
+
+       return reiserfs_xattr_get(inode, xattr_full_name(handler, name),
+                                 buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+trusted_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler,
+           struct mnt_idmap *idmap, struct dentry *unused,
+           struct inode *inode, const char *name, const void *buffer,
+           size_t size, int flags)
+{
+       if (!capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) || IS_PRIVATE(inode))
+               return -EPERM;
+
+       return reiserfs_xattr_set(inode,
+                                 xattr_full_name(handler, name),
+                                 buffer, size, flags);
+}
+
+static bool trusted_list(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       return capable(CAP_SYS_ADMIN) && !IS_PRIVATE(d_inode(dentry));
+}
+
+const struct xattr_handler reiserfs_xattr_trusted_handler = {
+       .prefix = XATTR_TRUSTED_PREFIX,
+       .get = trusted_get,
+       .set = trusted_set,
+       .list = trusted_list,
+};
diff --git a/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..88195181e1d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fs/reiserfs/xattr_user.c
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include "reiserfs.h"
+#include <linux/errno.h>
+#include <linux/fs.h>
+#include <linux/pagemap.h>
+#include <linux/xattr.h>
+#include "xattr.h"
+#include <linux/uaccess.h>
+
+static int
+user_get(const struct xattr_handler *handler, struct dentry *unused,
+        struct inode *inode, const char *name, void *buffer, size_t size)
+{
+       if (!reiserfs_xattrs_user(inode->i_sb))
+               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+       return reiserfs_xattr_get(inode, xattr_full_name(handler, name),
+                                 buffer, size);
+}
+
+static int
+user_set(const struct xattr_handler *handler, struct mnt_idmap *idmap,
+        struct dentry *unused,
+        struct inode *inode, const char *name, const void *buffer,
+        size_t size, int flags)
+{
+       if (!reiserfs_xattrs_user(inode->i_sb))
+               return -EOPNOTSUPP;
+       return reiserfs_xattr_set(inode,
+                                 xattr_full_name(handler, name),
+                                 buffer, size, flags);
+}
+
+static bool user_list(struct dentry *dentry)
+{
+       return reiserfs_xattrs_user(dentry->d_sb);
+}
+
+const struct xattr_handler reiserfs_xattr_user_handler = {
+       .prefix = XATTR_USER_PREFIX,
+       .get = user_get,
+       .set = user_set,
+       .list = user_list,
+};
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/reiserfs_fs.h b/include/uapi/linux/reiserfs_fs.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..5bb921409f2b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/reiserfs_fs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note */
+/*
+ * Copyright 1996, 1997, 1998 Hans Reiser, see reiserfs/README for licensing and copyright details
+ */
+#ifndef _LINUX_REISER_FS_H
+#define _LINUX_REISER_FS_H
+
+#include <linux/types.h>
+#include <linux/magic.h>
+
+/*
+ *  include/linux/reiser_fs.h
+ *
+ *  Reiser File System constants and structures
+ *
+ */
+
+/* ioctl's command */
+#define REISERFS_IOC_UNPACK            _IOW(0xCD,1,long)
+/* define following flags to be the same as in ext2, so that chattr(1),
+   lsattr(1) will work with us. */
+#define REISERFS_IOC_GETFLAGS          FS_IOC_GETFLAGS
+#define REISERFS_IOC_SETFLAGS          FS_IOC_SETFLAGS
+#define REISERFS_IOC_GETVERSION                FS_IOC_GETVERSION
+#define REISERFS_IOC_SETVERSION                FS_IOC_SETVERSION
+
+#endif                         /* _LINUX_REISER_FS_H */
diff --git a/include/uapi/linux/reiserfs_xattr.h b/include/uapi/linux/reiserfs_xattr.h
new file mode 100644
index 000000000000..503ad018ce5b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/include/uapi/linux/reiserfs_xattr.h
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note */
+/*
+  File: linux/reiserfs_xattr.h
+*/
+
+#ifndef _LINUX_REISERFS_XATTR_H
+#define _LINUX_REISERFS_XATTR_H
+
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+/* Magic value in header */
+#define REISERFS_XATTR_MAGIC 0x52465841        /* "RFXA" */
+
+struct reiserfs_xattr_header {
+       __le32 h_magic;         /* magic number for identification */
+       __le32 h_hash;          /* hash of the value */
+};
+
+struct reiserfs_security_handle {
+       const char *name;
+       void *value;
+       __kernel_size_t length;
+};
+
+#endif  /*  _LINUX_REISERFS_XATTR_H  */
diff --git a/scripts/selinux/mdp/mdp.c b/scripts/selinux/mdp/mdp.c
index ea7fbe595971..52365921c043 100644
--- a/scripts/selinux/mdp/mdp.c
+++ b/scripts/selinux/mdp/mdp.c
@@ -167,6 +167,9 @@ int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 #ifdef CONFIG_JFS_SECURITY
        FS_USE("xattr", "jfs");
 #endif
+#ifdef CONFIG_REISERFS_FS_SECURITY
+       FS_USE("xattr", "reiserfs");
+#endif
 #ifdef CONFIG_JFFS2_FS_SECURITY
        FS_USE("xattr", "jffs2");
 #endif
diff --git a/tools/objtool/noreturns.h b/tools/objtool/noreturns.h
index f37614cc2c1b..e7da92489167 100644
--- a/tools/objtool/noreturns.h
+++ b/tools/objtool/noreturns.h
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ NORETURN(__ia32_sys_exit)
 NORETURN(__ia32_sys_exit_group)
 NORETURN(__kunit_abort)
 NORETURN(__module_put_and_kthread_exit)
+NORETURN(__reiserfs_panic)
 NORETURN(__stack_chk_fail)
 NORETURN(__tdx_hypercall_failed)
 NORETURN(__ubsan_handle_builtin_unreachable)
diff --git a/tools/testing/selftests/filesystems/statmount/statmount_test.c b/tools/testing/selftests/filesystems/statmount/statmount_test.c
index 8eb6aa606a0d..c773334bbcc9 100644
--- a/tools/testing/selftests/filesystems/statmount/statmount_test.c
+++ b/tools/testing/selftests/filesystems/statmount/statmount_test.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ static const char *const known_fs[] = {
        "ipathfs", "iso9660", "jffs2", "jfs", "minix", "mqueue", "msdos",
        "nfs", "nfs4", "nfsd", "nilfs2", "nsfs", "ntfs", "ntfs3", "ocfs2",
        "ocfs2_dlmfs", "ocxlflash", "omfs", "openpromfs", "overlay", "pipefs",
-       "proc", "pstore", "pvfs2", "qnx4", "qnx6", "ramfs",
+       "proc", "pstore", "pvfs2", "qnx4", "qnx6", "ramfs", "reiserfs",
        "resctrl", "romfs", "rootfs", "rpc_pipefs", "s390_hypfs", "secretmem",
        "securityfs", "selinuxfs", "smackfs", "smb3", "sockfs", "spufs",
        "squashfs", "sysfs", "sysv", "tmpfs", "tracefs", "ubifs", "udf",