1 [[!meta title="Tor bridge mode"]]
5 What bridges are and when to use them
6 =====================================
8 When using Tor with Tails in its default configuration, anyone who can
9 observe the traffic of your Internet connection (for example your
10 Internet Service Provider and perhaps your government and law
11 enforcement agencies) can know that you are using Tor.
13 This may be an issue if you are in a country where the following
16 1. **Using Tor is blocked by censorship:** since all connections to the
17 Internet are forced to go through Tor, this would render Tails useless for
18 everything except for working offline on documents, etc.
20 2. **Using Tor is dangerous or considered suspicious:** in this case
21 starting Tails in its default configuration might get you into
24 Tor bridges, also called Tor bridge relays, are alternative entry points
25 to the Tor network that are not all listed publicly. Using a bridge
26 makes it harder, but not impossible, for your Internet Service Provider
27 to know that you are using Tor.
29 If you are in one of the situations described above
30 you might want to use Tor bridges in Tails. Please also read
31 The Tor Project's [dedicated page about
32 bridges](https://www.torproject.org/docs/bridges) to get a general
33 idea about what bridges are.
35 In order to use bridges, you must know in advance the address of at
36 least one bridge. The Tor Project distributes bridge addresses in
37 several ways, for example from their
38 [website](https://bridges.torproject.org/) and via email.
42 Bridges are less reliable and tend to have lower performance than other
47 How to use bridges in Tails
48 ===========================
50 You must have at hand at least one bridge address before
51 starting Tails. For example, you can write it down on a piece of paper
52 or store it in the [[persistent volume|doc/first_steps/persistence]].
54 Tails allows you to use bridges of the following types:
60 To use bridges, choose to configure bridge settings from [[<span
61 class="application">Tails Greeter</span>|startup_options#tails_greeter]] as
62 explained in the [[network configuration|network_configuration]] documentation.
66 <p>After Tor is started, the bridges that you configured appear as the first
67 relays of your Tor circuits in the [[Network Map of
68 <span class="application">Vidalia</span>|/doc/anonymous_internet/vidalia#map]].</p>
72 If using Tor is dangerous in your country
73 =========================================
75 The Tor Project's [documentation on
76 bridges](https://www.torproject.org/docs/bridges) mainly focuses on
77 censorship circumvention, this means when the usage of Tor is blocked by
78 censorship. If using Tor is dangerous or considered suspicious in your
79 country, then there are some extra rules that you should follow in order
80 to prevent you from being identified as a Tor user.
84 Bridges are important tools that work in many cases but <strong>they are
85 not an absolute protection</strong> against the technical progress that
86 an adversary could do to identify Tor users.
90 1. Always start Tails in *bridge mode*.
92 2. Only use [*obfuscated
93 bridges*](https://www.torproject.org/docs/bridges#PluggableTransports)
94 since they are harder to identify than other bridges.
96 3. The less publicly known the bridges are, the better.
97 Unfortunately, since some bridge addresses can be obtained by anyone
98 from the Tor website or by email, it is also
99 possible for an adversary to get the same
100 bridge information by the same means. The Tor Project has some
101 protection against that, but they are far from being perfect.
103 So the best is if you can find a trusted friend or
104 an organisation in a different country who runs a "private" *obfuscated
105 bridge* for you. In this case "private" means that the bridge is
106 configured with the option `PublishServerDescriptor 0`. Without this option The Tor
107 Project can learn about the bridge and may distribute its address to others
108 and so it could end up in the hands of your adversary.