1 [[!meta title="Protection against cold boot attacks"]]
3 While using a computer, all the data manipulated is written temporarily
4 in [[!wikipedia Random-access_memory desc="RAM"]]: texts, saved files,
5 but also passwords and encryption keys. The more recent the activity,
6 the more likely it is for the data to still be in RAM.
8 After a computer is powered off, the data in RAM disappears rapidly, but
9 it can remain in RAM up to several minutes after shutdown. An attacker
10 having access to a computer before it disappears completely could
11 recover important data from your session.
13 This can be achieved using a technique called <span
14 class="definition">[[!wikipedia Cold_boot_attack desc="cold boot
15 attack"]] </span>. To prevent this attack, the data in RAM is
16 overwritten by random data when shutting down Tails. This erases all
17 traces from your session on that computer.
21 On some computers Tails might fail to:
23 <li>[[erase all the data in RAM on
24 shutdown|support/known_issues#index9h2]]</li>
25 <li>[[completely shutdown or restart|support/known_issues#index13h2]]
26 (in this case there is no guarantee that all the data in RAM is
32 Moreover, an attacker having physical access to the computer *while
33 Tails is running* can recover data from RAM as well. To avoid that,
34 learn the different methods to [[shutdown
35 Tails|doc/first_steps/shutdown]] rapidly.
37 As far as we know, cold boot attacks are not a common procedure for data
38 recovery, but it might still be good to be prepared.