1 [[!meta title="Browsing the web with Tor Browser"]]
3 [[!img Tor_Browser/mozicon128.png link=no alt="Iceweasel icon"]]
5 Tor Browser is a rebranded version of the [[Mozilla
6 Firefox|http://www.mozilla.com/firefox/]] web browser. Given its popularity many
7 of you have probably used it before and its user interface is like any other
10 Here are a few things worth mentioning in the context of Tails.
19 Using HTTPS instead of HTTP encrypts your communication while browsing the web.
21 All the data exchanged between your browser and the server you are visiting are
22 encrypted. It prevents the
23 [[Tor exit node to eavesdrop on your communication|doc/about/warning#exit_node]].
25 HTTPS also includes mechanisms to authenticate the server you are communicating
26 with. But those mechanisms can be flawed,
27 [[as explained on our warning page|about/warning#man-in-the-middle]].
29 For example, here is how the browser looks like when we try to log in an email
30 account at [lavabit.com](http://lavabit.com/), using their [webmail
31 interface](https://lavabit.com/apps/webmail/src/login.php):
33 [[!img doc/anonymous_internet/Tor_Browser/lavabit.png link=no alt="Tor browser"]]
35 Notice the small area on the left of the address bar saying "lavabit.com" on a
36 blue background and the address beginning with "https://" (instead of
39 [[!img Tor_Browser/address-bar.png link=no alt="address bar showing 'lavabit.com'
40 / 'https://lavabit.com/'"]]
42 These are the indicators that an encrypted connection using [[!wikipedia HTTPS]]
45 You should try to only use services providing HTTPS when you are sending or
46 retrieving sensitive information (like passwords), otherwise its very easy for
47 an eavesdropper to steal whatever information you are sending or to modify the
48 content of a page on its way to your browser.
50 <a id="https-everywhere"></a>
55 [[!img https-everywhere.jpg link=no alt="HTTPS Everywhere logo"]]
57 [HTTPS Everywhere](https://www.eff.org/https-everywhere) is a Firefox extension
58 shipped in Tails and produced as a collaboration between [The Tor
59 Project](https://torproject.org/) and the [Electronic Frontier
60 Foundation](https://eff.org/). It encrypts your communications with a number of
61 major websites. Many sites on the web offer some limited support for encryption
62 over HTTPS, but make it difficult to use. For instance, they may default to
63 unencrypted HTTP, or fill encrypted pages with links that go back to the
64 unencrypted site. The HTTPS Everywhere extension fixes these problems by
65 rewriting all requests to these sites to HTTPS.
67 To learn more about HTTPS Everywhere you can see:
69 - the [HTTPS Everywhere homepage](https://www.eff.org/https-everywhere)
70 - the [HTTPS Everywhere FAQ](https://www.eff.org/https-everywhere/faq/)
72 <a id="torbutton"></a>
77 Tor alone is not enough to protect your anonymity and privacy while browsing the
78 web. All modern web browsers, such as Firefox, support [[!wikipedia
79 JavaScript]], [[!wikipedia Adobe_Flash]], [[!wikipedia HTTP_cookie
80 desc="cookies"]] and other services which have been shown to be able to defeat
81 the anonymity provided by the Tor network.
83 In Tails all such features are handled from inside the browser by an extension
84 called [Torbutton](https://www.torproject.org/torbutton/) which does all sorts
85 of things to prevent the above type of attacks. But that comes at a price: since
86 this will disable some functionalities and some sites might not work as
89 To learn more about Torbutton you can see:
91 - [the Torbutton homepage](https://www.torproject.org/torbutton/)
93 FAQ](https://www.torproject.org/torbutton/torbutton-faq.html.en)
95 <a id="javascript"></a>
97 Protection against dangerous JavaScript
98 =======================================
100 Having all JavaScript disabled by default would disable a lot of harmless and
101 possibly useful JavaScript and render unusable many websites.
103 That's why **JavaScript is enabled by default** in Tails.
105 But we rely on Torbutton to **disable all potentially dangerous JavaScript**.
107 We consider this as a necessary compromise between security and usability and as
108 of today we are not aware of any JavaScript that would compromise Tails
111 For more technical details you can refer to the [Tor Browser design
112 document](https://www.torproject.org/projects/torbrowser/design/).
114 <a id="noscript"></a>
116 NoScript to have even more control over JavaScript
117 ==================================================
119 [[!img noscript.png link=no alt="NoScript logo"]]
121 To allow more control over JavaScript, for example to disable JavaScript
122 completely, Tails includes the <span class="application">NoScript</span>
125 By default, <span class="application">NoScript</span> is disabled and some
126 JavaScript is allowed by the <span
127 class="application">[[Torbutton|Tor_Browser#javascript]]</span> extension as
130 For more information you can refer to the NoScript
131 [website](http://noscript.net/) and [features](http://noscript.net/features).