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22 msgid "[[!meta title=\"Celebrating 10 years of Tails!\"]]\n"
27 msgid "[[!meta date=\"Mon, 15 Dec 2019 20:00:00 +0000\"]]\n"
32 msgid "[[!pagetemplate template=\"news.tmpl\"]]\n"
33 msgstr "[[!pagetemplate template=\"news.tmpl\"]]\n"
37 msgid "[[!tag announce]]\n"
38 msgstr "[[!tag announce]]\n"
42 "In 2019, we are especially proud of celebrating with you the 10 years of "
48 "The first release of Tails, back then *amnesia*, was announced in 2009. "
49 "Since then we released 98 versions of Tails, which were used more than 40 "
55 "Here are some stories about how it all started and some vintage screenshots. "
56 "But first of all, the birthday cake!"
62 "<pre style=\"width: 29em;\">\n"
73 " {} {~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~} {}\n"
74 " || { ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ } ||\n"
75 " __||__{_____________}__||__\n"
76 " {\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\}\n"
77 " {} { H a p p y \\} {}\n"
78 " || {\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\} ||\n"
79 " __||_{___________________________}_||__\n"
80 " {\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\}\n"
81 " { B i r t h d a y }\n"
82 " { ! ! ! T a i ls ! ! ! }\n"
83 " {/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/\\/}\n"
84 " {_______________________________________}\n"
94 msgid "2009–2010: amnesia, T(A)ILS, and their ancestors"
99 "Today, Tails is based on Debian, Tor, and GNOME. We inherit from their work "
100 "and try to contribute back in order to create a healthy ecosystem of "
101 "reliable, secure, and usable tools."
106 "When we started the *amnesia* project back in 2009, other projects before us "
107 "paved the way to what is Tails today:"
110 #. type: Bullet: '- '
112 "[Knoppix](http://www.knoppix.org/), born in 2000 and still alive today, was "
113 "the first popular live Linux distribution. Back then, it was a "
114 "groundbreaking achievement to be able to start and use Linux without going "
115 "through lengthy, very complex, and uncertain Linux install \"parties\". "
116 "Knoppix was primarily designed for convenience and diagnosis."
119 #. type: Bullet: '- '
121 "[ELE](https://web.archive.org/web/20050422130010/http://www.northernsecurity."
122 "net:80/download/ele/), born in 2005 and based on Damn Small Linux, [Anonym."
123 "OS](https://web.archive.org/web/20060212030338/http://theory.kaos.to:80/"
124 "projects.html), born in 2006 and based on OpenBSD, and [Incognito](https://"
125 "web.archive.org/web/20071213084719/http://www.browseanonymouslyanywhere.com/"
126 "incognito/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=28&Itemid=41), born in "
127 "2007 and based on Gentoo, pushed the concept of live operating systems a bit "
128 "further by focusing on security, online anonymity, and the use of Tor."
135 " was the first live operating system to include a full set of\n"
136 " applications preconfigured to go through Tor (browser, email\n"
137 " client, IRC client, etc.), offer a persistent *Home*\n"
138 " directory, and even allow hosting onion services.\n"
139 " *Incognito* was also the first live operating system to receive an\n"
140 " [official recognition from the Tor\n"
141 " Project](https://blog.torproject.org/incognito-and-tor-project-sign-licensing-agreement).\n"
147 " The original author of *Incognito*, *Pat Double*, resigned in 2007 and *anonym*, who\n"
148 " still works for Tails today, took over the maintenance.\n"
151 #. type: Bullet: '- '
153 "On August 16 2009, *intrigeri* announced the first release of *amnesia* on "
154 "the [*tor-talk* mailing list](https://lists.torproject.org/pipermail/tor-"
155 "talk/2009-August/002667.html)."
158 #. type: Bullet: '- '
160 "In March 2010, *Incognito* was declared dead and *amnesia* its \"[spiritual "
161 "successor](https://web.archive.org/web/20100728224716/http://www."
162 "anonymityanywhere.com:80/incognito)\". Some weeks later, *amnesia* would be "
163 "renamed *T(A)ILS*, *The Amnesic Incognito Live System*, to act the fusion "
164 "between *amnesia* and *Incognito*."
170 " We quickly realized that having parenthesis in our name looked very\n"
171 " radical but was quite confusing and finally settled on *Tails* in 2011.\n"
172 " Eight years later, we still see most people on the Internet write it\n"
173 " TAILS though it's never been written in all caps on our website.\n"
178 msgid " Hey people, it's Tails not TAILS!\n"
183 "This is how *amnesia* 0.2 and our website looked like in 2009. The browser "
184 "was *Iceweasel* with *Tor Button* and the Tor controller was *TorK*."
189 msgid "[[!img amnesia-0.2.png link=\"no\" alt=\"\"]]\n"
194 msgid "2011-2014: core features, Tails 1.0, and public recognition"
199 "Until Tails 1.0 (April 2014), we would develop most of the core features "
200 "that make Tails today:"
203 #. type: Bullet: '- '
205 "**Tails Installer**, forked from the [[!wikipedia Fedora_Media_Writer desc="
206 "\"Fedora Live USB Creator\"]]"
209 #. type: Bullet: '- '
210 msgid "**Persistence**"
213 #. type: Bullet: '- '
214 msgid "**Welcome Screen**"
217 #. type: Bullet: '- '
218 msgid "**Automatic upgades**"
221 #. type: Bullet: '- '
222 msgid "**MAC Spoofing**"
225 #. type: Bullet: '- '
227 "**MAT (Metadata Anonymization Toolkit)**, which was developed by Julien "
228 "Voisin as a Google Summer of Code with our help in 2011."
233 "To support this intense development and the increased responsibility on our "
234 "shoulders, we accepted our first grant, from the *Swedish International "
235 "Development Agency* in 2011 and started paying for some of the development "
241 "In October 2012, Tails was started around 2 500 times a day, 10 times "
247 "In June 2013, Edward Snowden would reveal thousands of classified documents "
248 "on the surveillance programs of the NSA. Tails got mentioned by famous "
249 "technologists [Bruce Schneier](https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/sep/05/"
250 "nsa-how-to-remain-secure-surveillance) and [Micah Lee](https://freedom."
251 "press/news/encryption-works-how-to-protect-your-privacy-and-your-sources-in-"
252 "the-age-of-nsa-surveillance/) as one of the tools that protect from the NSA "
258 "In March 2014, we received our first award, the [Access Innovation Prize for "
259 "Endpoint Security](https://www.accessnow.org/blog/2014/03/11/2014-access-"
260 "innovation-prize-winners-announced-at-rightscon). According to Access Now:"
266 "> Tails embodies the successful collaboration of developers, trainers,\n"
267 "> security professionals towards tackling the spectrum of user needs --\n"
268 "> from usability to security -- in high-risk environments.\n"
273 "The same month, we launched a [[!tails_blueprint logo desc=\"logo contest"
274 "\"]]. It was heartwarming to receive 36 very creative proposals. Here are "
275 "some of the best ones:"
280 msgid "[[!img logos.png link=\"no\" alt=\"\"]]\n"
285 "In April 2014, Freedom of the Press Foundation launched the first "
286 "crowdfunding campaign for Tails and revealed that Tails \"has been critical "
287 "to all of the main NSA journalists\". Since then, [Edward Snowden](https://"
288 "twitter.com/Snowden/status/975827513321623553) and journalists [Laura "
289 "Poitras](https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2014/10/7-privacy-tools-essential-"
290 "making-citizenfour), [Glenn Greenwald](https://www.eff.org/"
291 "deeplinks/2014/10/7-privacy-tools-essential-making-citizenfour), and [Micah "
292 "Lee](https://theintercept.com/2014/10/28/smuggling-snowden-secrets/) have "
293 "repeatedly stated the importance of Tails for their work and supported us in "
299 msgid "<p style=\"max-width: 800px;\">\n"
304 msgid "[[!img snowden-1.jpg size=\"380x\" alt=\"Snowden plugging an SD card in a laptop with a blue Tails USB stick\"]]\n"
309 msgid "[[!img snowden-2.jpg size=\"380x\" alt=\"Snowden showing NSA documents on Tails to Ewen MacAskill\"]]\n"
315 "<em>Images from <a href=\"https://citizenfourfilm.com/\">Citizenfour</a> by Laura Poitras, minutes 37 and 41.</em>\n"
321 "A few weeks later, the release of Tails 1.0 got press coverage on [The Verge]"
322 "(https://www.theverge.com/2014/4/29/5664884/this-is-the-most-secure-computer-"
323 "you-ll-ever-own), [CNET](https://www.cnet.com/news/anonymous-os-reportedly-"
324 "favored-by-nsa-whistle-blower-edward-snowden-reaches-version-1-0/), [Boing "
325 "Boing](https://boingboing.net/2014/04/30/tails-snowdens-favorite-ano.html), "
326 "and many others. In December, [Der Spiegel](https://www.spiegel.de/media/"
327 "media-35535.pdf) published internal NSA slides that categorize Tails as "
328 "\"catastrophic impact\" and \"highest priority\":"
334 "[[!img nsa.png link=\"https://www.spiegel.de/media/media-35535.pdf\"\n"
335 "alt=\"Tor, TrueCrypt, Tails are classified as 'Use Risk: Current Highest\n"
336 "Priority Target Use' and 'Impact: Catastrophic (near-total loss/lack of\n"
337 "insight to target communications, presence)'\"]]\n"
342 "This is how Tails 1.0 looked like in 2014. It had a camouflage mode that "
343 "looked like Windows XP and the Tor controller was *Vidalia*."
348 msgid "[[!img tails-1.0.png link=\"no\" alt=\"\"]]\n"
353 msgid "2015-2019 - Maturity, user experience, and automation"
358 "In May 2014, the UX team at [NUMA Paris](https://web.archive.org/"
359 "web/20140524130455/http://events.numaparis.com/Evenements/Apero-Experience-"
360 "Utilisateur-Tails-The-Amnesic-Incognito-Live-System) invited us to organize "
361 "a usability testing session of Tails with journalists. We asked participants "
362 "to do slightly complex tasks such as establishing an encrypted conversation "
363 "with someone else using *Pidgin*. Reality hit us hard when all the "
364 "journalists in the room encountered problems to either install, start, or "
365 "connect Tails to Tor. We realized that, despite having laid down most of the "
366 "core features in Tails 1.0, we still had a lot of work to do to make Tails "
367 "easy to use by most people."
372 "Since then, we focused our work on 3 aspects of the project that don't bring "
373 "in so many new features but rather ensure its long term sustainability and "
374 "growth: user experience, continuous integration, and project sustainability."
379 msgid "User experience"
384 "Since these first usability tests in 2014, we systematically relied on user-"
385 "centered design practices to ensure that all the major changes that we do in "
386 "Tails are making it easier to use. We conducted 10 sessions of usability "
387 "tests, used [paper prototypes](https://simplysecure.org/blog/formative-"
388 "testing), conducted [[!tails_blueprint veracrypt desc=\"quantitative surveys"
389 "\"]], and defined better our audience using [[personas|contribute/personas]]."
394 msgid "[[<img src=\"https://gitlab.tails.boum.org/tails/ux/-/raw/master/personas/personas-small.png\" id=\"picture\" class=\"img-responsive\" alt=\"Our 3 personas: Riou, Cris, and Kim\">|contribute/personas]]\n"
399 "This usability work was key in all the work that we did since 2015 to make "
400 "Tails easier to install:"
405 "- The [[installation instructions|install]] (2016) - The [[verification "
406 "extension|install/download]] (2016) - The new [[Welcome Screen|news/"
407 "version_3.0#greeter]] (2017) - The shift to [[USB images and Etcher|news/"
408 "version_3.12#usb-images]] (2019)"
413 msgid "Continuous integration"
418 "To cope with this rapid development and the many releases, we built a "
419 "cutting edge *continuous integration* infrastructure:"
422 #. type: Bullet: '- '
424 "Images of Tails are [built automatically](https://nightly.tails.boum.org/) "
425 "every time we develop a change for an upcoming release."
428 #. type: Bullet: '- '
430 "These images are [[tested automatically|contribute/release_process/test/"
431 "automated_tests]] against a comprehensive list of usability and security "
435 #. type: Bullet: '- '
437 "All our images are [[reproducible|news/reproducible_Tails]], which allows "
438 "security researchers to verify that the images distributed on our website "
439 "have not been modified to introduce undisclosed security vulnerabilities."
444 "The following video shows the test suite in action. On the left, it displays "
445 "the scenario that is being tested, for example \"*symmetrically encrypting a "
446 "message*\". On the right, it displays Tails being manipulated automatically "
447 "according to the scenario."
453 "<video controls=\"true\" width=\"880\" height=\"352\">\n"
454 " <source src=\"https://tails.boum.org/news/celebrating_10_years/test-suite.mp4\" type=\"video/mp4\" />\n"
460 "This infrastructure increases the quality and reliability of our releases. "
461 "It also makes it faster to publish emergency security releases when "
462 "important vulnerabilities are fixed, for example in Firefox and Tor Browser."
467 msgid "Project sustainability"
472 "The combination of these efforts both on visible improvements and behind the "
473 "scene had to go hand-in-hand with working on the sustainability of the "
474 "project as an organization."
481 #. type: Bullet: '- '
483 "The number of Tails users was multiplied by 2.4, increasing by 20% each year "
484 "on average, reaching 25000 daily users on average in 2019. Our yearly "
485 "budget was multiplied by a similar amount, to reach 240 000€ "
486 "(estimated) in 2019."
489 #. type: Bullet: '- '
491 "We worked on foundational documents and processes to ensure a healthy "
492 "community and project, such as our [[Code of Conduct|contribute/"
493 "working_together/code_of_conduct]], [[Social Contract|doc/about/"
494 "social_contract]], and [[Missions and values|contribute/mission]]."
499 msgid "[[!img users-budget.svg link=\"no\" alt=\"\"]]\n"
504 "Sustainability cannot go without enjoying working together and having fun. "
505 "We had memorable gatherings where we danced to the privacy-protecting sound "
506 "of [Rockwell — Somebody's Watching Me](https://www.youtube.com/watch?"
507 "v=7YvAYIJSSZY=), [Rap News — Whistleblower](https://www.youtube.com/"
508 "watch?v=7aiZjD0_mTA), [Pete Seeger — The Onion Makes Us Strong (*sic*)]"
509 "(https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pCnEAH5wCzo), [The Police — Every "
510 "Breath You Take](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OMOGaugKpzs), and [Cyndi "
511 "Lauper — Girls Just Want To Fix Bugs (*sic*)](https://www.youtube.com/"
512 "watch?v=PIb6AZdTr-A), ate delicious [[vegan mafé|mafe]] from our beloved "
513 "cooking team, and squashed an [[!tails_ticket 11140 desc=\"anarchist coup "
518 msgid "In 2018 and 2019:"
521 #. type: Bullet: '- '
523 "66 different people contributed to our main source code, including coders, "
524 "writers, and translators."
527 #. type: Bullet: '- '
529 "22 different people were paid to work on Tails: a few of them full-time, "
530 "most of them part-time or as consultants."
533 #. type: Bullet: '- '
535 "We attended 21 conferences in 10 different countries to stay connected with "
536 "the communities of the Tails ecosystem: related Free Software projects, "
537 "digital security trainers, and users."
540 #. type: Bullet: '- '
541 msgid "20 people, both workers and volunteers, attended our yearly gatherings."
546 "Meanwhile, we counted no less than [[21 projects|doc/about/"
547 "acknowledgments_and_similar_projects#similar_projects]], who also tried to "
548 "build a live operating system for privacy and anonymity but are now "
554 "A big thank you to everybody who either contributed to Tails or supported us:"
557 #. type: Bullet: '- '
558 msgid "All the people mentioned in this article one way or another"
561 #. type: Bullet: '- '
563 "The people from other related Free Software projects that Tails relies upon"
566 #. type: Bullet: '- '
568 "The thousands of activists, journalists, and human-rights defenders who are "
569 "using Tails everyday"
572 #. type: Bullet: '- '
574 "The digital security trainers and technologists who got excited about Tails "
575 "in its early days and continue advocating for it today"
578 #. type: Bullet: '- '
580 "Everybody who ever contributed to our source code, including the dozens of "
584 #. type: Bullet: '- '
585 msgid "Our [[sponsors|sponsors]] and everybody who ever donated to Tails."