3 Jonas Fonseca <fonseca@diku.dk>
5 This is the manual for tig, the ncurses-based text-mode interface for git.
6 Tig allows you to browse changes in a git repository and can additionally act
7 as a pager for output of various git commands. When used as a pager, it will
8 display input from stdin and colorize it.
10 When browsing repositories, tig uses the underlying git commands to present
11 the user with various views, such as summarized commit log and showing the
12 commit with the log message, diffstat, and the diff.
14 ifndef::backend-docbook[]
18 endif::backend-docbook[]
20 [[calling-conventions]]
28 If stdin is a pipe, any log or diff options will be ignored and the pager view
29 will be opened loading data from stdin. The pager mode can be used for
30 colorizing output from various git commands.
32 Example on how to colorize the output of git-show(1):
34 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
36 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
42 All git command options specified on the command line will be passed to the
43 given command and all will be shell quoted before they are passed to the
46 NOTE: If you specify options for the main view, you should not use the
47 `\--pretty` option as this option will be set automatically to the format
48 expected by the main view.
50 Example on how to view a commit and show both author and committer
53 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
54 $ tig show --pretty=fuller
55 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
57 See the section on <<refspec, specifying revisions>> for an introduction to
58 revision options supported by the git commands. For details on specific git
59 command options, refer to the man page of the command in question.
65 The display consists of a status window on the last line of the screen and one
66 or more views. The default is to only show one view at the time but it is
67 possible to split both the main and log view to also show the commit diff.
69 If you are in the log view and press 'Enter' when the current line is a commit
72 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
73 commit 4d55caff4cc89335192f3e566004b4ceef572521
74 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
76 You will split the view so that the log view is displayed in the top window
77 and the diff view in the bottom window. You can switch between the two views
78 by pressing 'Tab'. To maximize the log view again, simply press 'l'.
84 Various 'views' of a repository is presented. Each view is based on output
85 from an external command, most often 'git log', 'git diff', or 'git show'.
88 Is the default view, and it shows a one line summary of each commit
89 in the chosen list of revisions. The summary includes commit date,
90 author, and the first line of the log message. Additionally, any
91 repository references, such as tags, will be shown.
94 Presents a more rich view of the revision log showing the whole log
95 message and the diffstat.
98 Shows either the diff of the current working tree, that is, what
99 has changed since the last commit, or the commit diff complete
100 with log message, diffstat and diff.
103 Lists directory trees associated with the current revision allowing
104 subdirectories to be descended or ascended and file blobs to be
108 Displays the file content or "blob" of data associated with a file
112 Displays the file content annotated or blamed by commits.
115 Displays the branches in the repository.
118 Displays status of files in the working tree and allows changes to be
119 staged/unstaged as well as adding of untracked files.
122 Displays diff changes for staged or unstanged files being tracked or
123 file content of untracked files.
126 Is used for displaying both input from stdin and output from git
127 commands entered in the internal prompt.
130 Displays a quick reference of key bindings.
133 Browsing State and User-defined Commands
134 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
136 The viewer keeps track of both what head and commit ID you are currently
137 viewing. The commit ID will follow the cursor line and change every time you
138 highlight a different commit. Whenever you reopen the diff view it will be
139 reloaded, if the commit ID changed. The head ID is used when opening the main
140 and log view to indicate from what revision to show history.
142 Some of the commands used or provided by tig can be configured. This goes for
143 some of the <<env-variables, environment variables>> as well as the
144 <<external-commands, external commands>>. These user-defined commands can use
145 arguments that refer to the current browsing state by using one of the
148 `-----------------------`-----------------------------------------------------
149 Browsing state variables
150 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
151 %(head) The currently viewed 'head' ID. Defaults to HEAD
152 %(commit) The currently selected commit ID.
153 %(blob) The currently selected blob ID.
154 %(directory) The current directory path in the tree view; \
155 empty for the root directory.
156 %(file) The currently selected file.
157 %(ref) The reference given to blame or HEAD if undefined.
158 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------
164 Each view has a title window which shows the name of the view, current commit
165 ID if available, and where the view is positioned:
167 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
168 [main] c622eefaa485995320bc743431bae0d497b1d875 - commit 1 of 61 (1%)
169 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
171 By default, the title of the current view is highlighted using bold font. For
172 long loading views (taking over 3 seconds) the time since loading started will
175 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
176 [main] 77d9e40fbcea3238015aea403e06f61542df9a31 - commit 1 of 779 (0%) 5s
177 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
180 Environment Variables
181 ---------------------
183 Several options related to the interface with git can be configured via
186 [[configuration-files]]
190 Upon startup, tig first reads the system wide configuration file
191 (`{sysconfdir}/tigrc` by default) and then proceeds to read the user's
192 configuration file (`~/.tigrc` by default). The paths to either of these files
193 can be overridden through the following environment variables:
196 Path of the user configuration file.
199 Path of the system wide configuration file.
202 Repository References
203 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
205 Commits that are referenced by tags and branch heads will be marked by the
206 reference name surrounded by '[' and ']':
208 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
209 2006-03-26 19:42 Petr Baudis | [cogito-0.17.1] Cogito 0.17.1
210 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
212 If you want to filter what branches gets shown, say limit to only show
213 branches named `master` or which starts with the `jf/` prefix, you can
214 do it by setting the following variable:
216 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
217 $ TIG_LS_REMOTE="git ls-remote . master jf/*" tig
218 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
220 Or set the variable permanently in your environment.
226 Set command for retrieving all repository references. The command
227 should output data in the same format as git-ls-remote(1). Defaults
229 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
231 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
239 It is possible to alter which commands are used for the different views. If
240 for example you prefer commits in the main view to be sorted by date and only
241 show 500 commits, use:
243 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
244 $ TIG_MAIN_CMD="git log --date-order -n500 --pretty=raw %(head)" tig
245 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
247 Or set the variable permanently in your environment.
249 Notice, how `%(head)` is used to specify the commit reference.
255 The command used for the diff view. Defaults to:
256 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
257 git show --pretty=fuller --no-color --root
258 --patch-with-stat --find-copies-harder -C %(commit)
259 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
263 The command used for the log view. If you prefer to have both
264 author and committer shown in the log view be sure to pass
265 `\--pretty=fuller` to git log. Defaults to:
266 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
267 git log --no-color --cc --stat -n100 %(head)
268 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
272 The command used for the main view. Note, you must always specify
273 the option: `\--pretty=raw` since the main view parser expects to
275 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
276 git log --no-color --pretty=raw --parents --topo-order %(head)
277 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
289 The command used for the tree view. Defaults to:
290 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
291 git ls-tree %(commit) %(directory)
292 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
296 The command used for the blob view. Defaults to:
297 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
298 git cat-file blob %(blob)
299 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
306 Below the default key bindings are shown.
312 `-------`--------------------------------------------------------------------
314 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
315 m Switch to main view.
316 d Switch to diff view.
317 l Switch to log view.
318 p Switch to pager view.
319 t Switch to (directory) tree view.
320 f Switch to (file) blob view.
321 B Switch to blame view.
322 H Switch to branch view.
323 h Switch to help view
324 S Switch to status view
325 c Switch to stage view
326 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
328 [[view-manipulation]]
332 `-------`--------------------------------------------------------------------
334 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
335 q Close view, if multiple views are open it will jump back to the \
336 previous view in the view stack. If it is the last open view it \
337 will quit. Use 'Q' to quit all views at once.
338 Enter This key is "context sensitive" depending on what view you are \
339 currently in. When in log view on a commit line or in the main \
340 view, split the view and show the commit diff. In the diff view \
341 pressing Enter will simply scroll the view one line down.
342 Tab Switch to next view.
343 R Reload and refresh the current view.
344 M Maximize the current view to fill the whole display.
345 Up This key is "context sensitive" and will move the cursor one \
346 line up. However, if you opened a diff view from the main view \
347 (split- or full-screen) it will change the cursor to point to \
348 the previous commit in the main view and update the diff view \
350 Down Similar to 'Up' but will move down.
351 ',' Move to parent. In the tree view, this means switch to the parent \
352 directory. In the blame view it will load blame for the parent \
353 commit. For merges the parent is queried.
354 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
357 View Specific Actions
358 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
360 `-------`--------------------------------------------------------------------
362 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
363 u Update status of file. In the status view, this allows you to add an \
364 untracked file or stage changes to a file for next commit (similar to \
365 running git-add <filename>). In the stage view, when pressing this on \
366 a diff chunk line stages only that chunk for next commit, when not on \
367 a diff chunk line all changes in the displayed diff is staged.
368 M Resolve unmerged file by launching git-mergetool(1). Note, to work \
369 correctly this might require some initial configuration of your \
370 preferred merge tool. See the manpage of git-mergetool(1).
371 ! Checkout file with unstaged changes. This will reset the file to \
372 contain the content it had at last commit.
373 @ Move to next chunk in the stage view.
374 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
380 `-------`--------------------------------------------------------------------
382 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
383 k Move cursor one line up.
384 j Move cursor one line down.
386 -,a Move cursor one page up.
387 PgDown Space Move cursor one page down.
388 Home Jump to first line.
389 End Jump to last line.
390 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
396 `-------`--------------------------------------------------------------------
398 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
399 Insert Scroll view one line up.
400 Delete Scroll view one line down.
401 w Scroll view one page up.
402 s Scroll view one page down.
403 Left Scroll view one column left.
404 Right Scroll view one column right.
405 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
411 `-------`--------------------------------------------------------------------
413 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
414 / Search the view. Opens a prompt for entering search regexp to use.
415 ? Search backwards in the view. Also prompts for regexp.
416 n Find next match for the current search regexp.
417 N Find previous match for the current search regexp.
418 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
424 `-------`--------------------------------------------------------------------
426 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
429 z Stop all background loading. This can be useful if you use \
430 tig in a repository with a long history without limiting \
434 '.' Toggle line numbers on/off.
435 D Toggle date display on/off.
436 A Toggle author display on/off.
437 g Toggle revision graph visualization on/off.
438 F Toggle reference display on/off (tag and branch names).
439 ':' Open prompt. This allows you to specify what git command \
440 to run. Example `:log -p`. You can also use this to jump \
441 to a specific line by typing `:<linenumber>`, e.g. `:80`.
442 e Open file in editor.
443 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
445 [[external-commands]]
449 For more custom needs, external commands provide a way to easily execute
450 a script or program. They are bound to keys and use information from the
451 current browsing state, such as the current commit ID. Tig comes with
452 the following built-in external commands:
454 `-------`-------`------------------------------------------------------------
456 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
457 main C git cherry-pick %(commit)
460 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
463 Revision Specification
464 ----------------------
466 This section describes various ways to specify what revisions to display or
467 otherwise limit the view to. Tig does not itself parse the described
468 revision options so refer to the relevant git man pages for further
469 information. Relevant man pages besides git-log(1) are git-diff(1) and
472 You can tune the interaction with git by making use of the options explained
473 in this section. For example, by configuring the environment variables
474 described in the section on <<history-commands, history commands>>.
480 If you are interested only in those revisions that made changes to a specific
481 file (or even several files) list the files like this:
483 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
484 $ tig Makefile README
485 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
487 To avoid ambiguity with tig's subcommands or repository references such as tag
488 name, be sure to separate file names from other git options using "\--". So if
489 you have a file named 'status' it will clash with the 'status' subcommand, and
490 thus you will have to use:
492 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
494 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
496 [[date-number-limiting]]
497 Limit by Date or Number
498 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
500 To speed up interaction with git, you can limit the amount of commits to show
501 both for the log and main view. Either limit by date using e.g.
502 `\--since=1.month` or limit by the number of commits using `-n400`.
504 If you are only interested in changed that happened between two dates you can
507 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
508 $ tig --after="May 5th" --before="2006-05-16 15:44"
509 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
511 NOTE: If you want to avoid having to quote dates containing spaces you can use
512 "." instead, e.g. `\--after=May.5th`.
514 [[commit-range-limiting]]
515 Limiting by Commit Ranges
516 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
518 Alternatively, commits can be limited to a specific range, such as "all
519 commits between 'tag-1.0' and 'tag-2.0'". For example:
521 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
522 $ tig tag-1.0..tag-2.0
523 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
525 This way of commit limiting makes it trivial to only browse the commits which
526 haven't been pushed to a remote branch. Assuming 'origin' is your upstream
527 remote branch, using:
529 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
531 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
533 will list what will be pushed to the remote branch. Optionally, the ending
534 'HEAD' can be left out since it is implied.
536 [[reachability-limiting]]
537 Limiting by Reachability
538 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
540 Git interprets the range specifier "tag-1.0..tag-2.0" as "all commits
541 reachable from 'tag-2.0' but not from 'tag-1.0'". Where reachability refers
542 to what commits are ancestors (or part of the history) of the branch or tagged
543 revision in question.
545 If you prefer to specify which commit to preview in this way use the
548 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
549 $ tig tag-2.0 ^tag-1.0
550 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
552 You can think of '^' as a negation operator. Using this alternate syntax, it
553 is possible to further prune commits by specifying multiple branch cut offs.
556 Combining Revisions Specification
557 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
559 Revisions options can to some degree be combined, which makes it possible to
560 say "show at most 20 commits from within the last month that changed files
561 under the Documentation/ directory."
563 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
564 $ tig --since=1.month -n20 -- Documentation/
565 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
568 Examining All Repository References
569 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
571 In some cases, it can be useful to query changes across all references in a
572 repository. An example is to ask "did any line of development in this
573 repository change a particular file within the last week". This can be
576 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
577 $ tig --all --since=1.week -- Makefile
578 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
586 Copyright (c) 2006-2009 Jonas Fonseca <fonseca@diku.dk>
588 This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
589 it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
590 the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
591 (at your option) any later version.
594 References and Related Tools
595 ----------------------------
606 Other git repository browsers: