Allow IPv6 address entry in tools>ping - Loosens valid character check

[tomato/davidwu.git] / release / src / router / ntfs-3g / libntfs-3g / mft.c

/**
 * mft.c - Mft record handling code. Originated from the Linux-NTFS project.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2004 Anton Altaparmakov
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2005 Richard Russon
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2008 Szabolcs Szakacsits
 * Copyright (c)      2005 Yura Pakhuchiy
 *
 * This program/include file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
 * by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program/include file is distributed in the hope that it will be
 * useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty
 * of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 * GNU General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 * along with this program (in the main directory of the NTFS-3G
 * distribution in the file COPYING); if not, write to the Free Software
 * Foundation,Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include "config.h"
#endif

#ifdef HAVE_STDLIB_H
#include <stdlib.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STDIO_H
#include <stdio.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_ERRNO_H
#include <errno.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_STRING_H
#include <string.h>
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_LIMITS_H
#include <limits.h>
#endif
#include <time.h>

#include "compat.h"
#include "types.h"
#include "device.h"
#include "debug.h"
#include "bitmap.h"
#include "attrib.h"
#include "inode.h"
#include "volume.h"
#include "layout.h"
#include "lcnalloc.h"
#include "mft.h"
#include "logging.h"
#include "misc.h"

/**
 * ntfs_mft_records_read - read records from the mft from disk
 * @vol:        volume to read from
 * @mref:       starting mft record number to read
 * @count:      number of mft records to read
 * @b:          output data buffer
 *
 * Read @count mft records starting at @mref from volume @vol into buffer
 * @b. Return 0 on success or -1 on error, with errno set to the error
 * code.
 *
 * If any of the records exceed the initialized size of the $MFT/$DATA
 * attribute, i.e. they cannot possibly be allocated mft records, assume this
 * is a bug and return error code ESPIPE.
 *
 * The read mft records are mst deprotected and are hence ready to use. The
 * caller should check each record with is_baad_record() in case mst
 * deprotection failed.
 *
 * NOTE: @b has to be at least of size @count * vol->mft_record_size.
 */
int ntfs_mft_records_read(const ntfs_volume *vol, const MFT_REF mref,
                const s64 count, MFT_RECORD *b)
{
        s64 br;
        VCN m;

        ntfs_log_trace("inode %llu\n", (unsigned long long)MREF(mref));
        
        if (!vol || !vol->mft_na || !b || count < 0) {
                errno = EINVAL;
                ntfs_log_perror("%s: b=%p  count=%lld  mft=%llu", __FUNCTION__,
                        b, (long long)count, (unsigned long long)MREF(mref));
                return -1;
        }
        m = MREF(mref);
        /* Refuse to read non-allocated mft records. */
        if (m + count > vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
                        vol->mft_record_size_bits) {
                errno = ESPIPE;
                ntfs_log_perror("Trying to read non-allocated mft records "
                                "(%lld > %lld)", (long long)m + count,
                                (long long)vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
                                vol->mft_record_size_bits);
                return -1;
        }
        br = ntfs_attr_mst_pread(vol->mft_na, m << vol->mft_record_size_bits,
                        count, vol->mft_record_size, b);
        if (br != count) {
                if (br != -1)
                        errno = EIO;
                ntfs_log_perror("Failed to read of MFT, mft=%llu count=%lld "
                                "br=%lld", (long long)m, (long long)count,
                                (long long)br);
                return -1;
        }
        return 0;
}

/**
 * ntfs_mft_records_write - write mft records to disk
 * @vol:        volume to write to
 * @mref:       starting mft record number to write
 * @count:      number of mft records to write
 * @b:          data buffer containing the mft records to write
 *
 * Write @count mft records starting at @mref from data buffer @b to volume
 * @vol. Return 0 on success or -1 on error, with errno set to the error code.
 *
 * If any of the records exceed the initialized size of the $MFT/$DATA
 * attribute, i.e. they cannot possibly be allocated mft records, assume this
 * is a bug and return error code ESPIPE.
 *
 * Before the mft records are written, they are mst protected. After the write,
 * they are deprotected again, thus resulting in an increase in the update
 * sequence number inside the data buffer @b.
 *
 * If any mft records are written which are also represented in the mft mirror
 * $MFTMirr, we make a copy of the relevant parts of the data buffer @b into a
 * temporary buffer before we do the actual write. Then if at least one mft
 * record was successfully written, we write the appropriate mft records from
 * the copied buffer to the mft mirror, too.
 */
int ntfs_mft_records_write(const ntfs_volume *vol, const MFT_REF mref,
                const s64 count, MFT_RECORD *b)
{
        s64 bw;
        VCN m;
        void *bmirr = NULL;
        int cnt = 0, res = 0;

        if (!vol || !vol->mft_na || vol->mftmirr_size <= 0 || !b || count < 0) {
                errno = EINVAL;
                return -1;
        }
        m = MREF(mref);
        /* Refuse to write non-allocated mft records. */
        if (m + count > vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
                        vol->mft_record_size_bits) {
                errno = ESPIPE;
                ntfs_log_perror("Trying to write non-allocated mft records "
                                "(%lld > %lld)", (long long)m + count,
                                (long long)vol->mft_na->initialized_size >>
                                vol->mft_record_size_bits);
                return -1;
        }
        if (m < vol->mftmirr_size) {
                if (!vol->mftmirr_na) {
                        errno = EINVAL;
                        return -1;
                }
                cnt = vol->mftmirr_size - m;
                if (cnt > count)
                        cnt = count;
                bmirr = ntfs_malloc(cnt * vol->mft_record_size);
                if (!bmirr)
                        return -1;
                memcpy(bmirr, b, cnt * vol->mft_record_size);
        }
        bw = ntfs_attr_mst_pwrite(vol->mft_na, m << vol->mft_record_size_bits,
                        count, vol->mft_record_size, b);
        if (bw != count) {
                if (bw != -1)
                        errno = EIO;
                if (bw >= 0)
                        ntfs_log_debug("Error: partial write while writing $Mft "
                                        "record(s)!\n");
                else
                        ntfs_log_perror("Error writing $Mft record(s)");
                res = errno;
        }
        if (bmirr && bw > 0) {
                if (bw < cnt)
                        cnt = bw;
                bw = ntfs_attr_mst_pwrite(vol->mftmirr_na,
                                m << vol->mft_record_size_bits, cnt,
                                vol->mft_record_size, bmirr);
                if (bw != cnt) {
                        if (bw != -1)
                                errno = EIO;
                        ntfs_log_debug("Error: failed to sync $MFTMirr! Run "
                                        "chkdsk.\n");
                        res = errno;
                }
        }
        free(bmirr);
        if (!res)
                return res;
        errno = res;
        return -1;
}

int ntfs_mft_record_check(const ntfs_volume *vol, const MFT_REF mref, 
                          MFT_RECORD *m)
{                         
        ATTR_RECORD *a;
        int ret = -1;
        
        if (!ntfs_is_file_record(m->magic)) {
                if (!NVolNoFixupWarn(vol))
                        ntfs_log_error("Record %llu has no FILE magic (0x%x)\n",
                                (unsigned long long)MREF(mref),
                                (int)le32_to_cpu(*(le32*)m));
                goto err_out;
        }
        
        if (le32_to_cpu(m->bytes_allocated) != vol->mft_record_size) {
                ntfs_log_error("Record %llu has corrupt allocation size "
                               "(%u <> %u)\n", (unsigned long long)MREF(mref),
                               vol->mft_record_size,
                               le32_to_cpu(m->bytes_allocated));
                goto err_out;
        }
        
        a = (ATTR_RECORD *)((char *)m + le16_to_cpu(m->attrs_offset));
        if (p2n(a) < p2n(m) || (char *)a > (char *)m + vol->mft_record_size) {
                ntfs_log_error("Record %llu is corrupt\n",
                               (unsigned long long)MREF(mref));
                goto err_out;
        }
        
        ret = 0;
err_out:
        if (ret)
                errno = EIO;
        return ret;
}

/**
 * ntfs_file_record_read - read a FILE record from the mft from disk
 * @vol:        volume to read from
 * @mref:       mft reference specifying mft record to read
 * @mrec:       address of pointer in which to return the mft record
 * @attr:       address of pointer in which to return the first attribute
 *
 * Read a FILE record from the mft of @vol from the storage medium. @mref
 * specifies the mft record to read, including the sequence number, which can
 * be 0 if no sequence number checking is to be performed.
 *
 * The function allocates a buffer large enough to hold the mft record and
 * reads the record into the buffer (mst deprotecting it in the process).
 * *@mrec is then set to point to the buffer.
 *
 * If @attr is not NULL, *@attr is set to point to the first attribute in the
 * mft record, i.e. *@attr is a pointer into *@mrec.
 *
 * Return 0 on success, or -1 on error, with errno set to the error code.
 *
 * The read mft record is checked for having the magic FILE,
 * and for having a matching sequence number (if MSEQNO(*@mref) != 0).
 * If either of these fails, -1 is returned and errno is set to EIO. If you get
 * this, but you still want to read the mft record (e.g. in order to correct
 * it), use ntfs_mft_record_read() directly.
 *
 * Note: Caller has to free *@mrec when finished.
 *
 * Note: We do not check if the mft record is flagged in use. The caller can
 *       check if desired.
 */
int ntfs_file_record_read(const ntfs_volume *vol, const MFT_REF mref,
                MFT_RECORD **mrec, ATTR_RECORD **attr)
{
        MFT_RECORD *m;

        if (!vol || !mrec) {
                errno = EINVAL;
                ntfs_log_perror("%s: mrec=%p", __FUNCTION__, mrec);
                return -1;
        }
        
        m = *mrec;
        if (!m) {
                m = ntfs_malloc(vol->mft_record_size);
                if (!m)
                        return -1;
        }
        if (ntfs_mft_record_read(vol, mref, m))
                goto err_out;

        if (ntfs_mft_record_check(vol, mref, m))
                goto err_out;
        
        if (MSEQNO(mref) && MSEQNO(mref) != le16_to_cpu(m->sequence_number)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Record %llu has wrong SeqNo (%d <> %d)\n",
                               (unsigned long long)MREF(mref), MSEQNO(mref),
                               le16_to_cpu(m->sequence_number));
                errno = EIO;
                goto err_out;
        }
        *mrec = m;
        if (attr)
                *attr = (ATTR_RECORD*)((char*)m + le16_to_cpu(m->attrs_offset));
        return 0;
err_out:
        if (m != *mrec)
                free(m);
        return -1;
}

/**
 * ntfs_mft_record_layout - layout an mft record into a memory buffer
 * @vol:        volume to which the mft record will belong
 * @mref:       mft reference specifying the mft record number
 * @mrec:       destination buffer of size >= @vol->mft_record_size bytes
 *
 * Layout an empty, unused mft record with the mft reference @mref into the
 * buffer @m.  The volume @vol is needed because the mft record structure was
 * modified in NTFS 3.1 so we need to know which volume version this mft record
 * will be used on.
 *
 * On success return 0 and on error return -1 with errno set to the error code.
 */
int ntfs_mft_record_layout(const ntfs_volume *vol, const MFT_REF mref,
                MFT_RECORD *mrec)
{
        ATTR_RECORD *a;

        if (!vol || !mrec) {
                errno = EINVAL;
                ntfs_log_perror("%s: mrec=%p", __FUNCTION__, mrec);
                return -1;
        }
        /* Aligned to 2-byte boundary. */
        if (vol->major_ver < 3 || (vol->major_ver == 3 && !vol->minor_ver))
                mrec->usa_ofs = cpu_to_le16((sizeof(MFT_RECORD_OLD) + 1) & ~1);
        else {
                /* Abort if mref is > 32 bits. */
                if (MREF(mref) & 0x0000ffff00000000ull) {
                        errno = ERANGE;
                        ntfs_log_perror("Mft reference exceeds 32 bits");
                        return -1;
                }
                mrec->usa_ofs = cpu_to_le16((sizeof(MFT_RECORD) + 1) & ~1);
                /*
                 * Set the NTFS 3.1+ specific fields while we know that the
                 * volume version is 3.1+.
                 */
                mrec->reserved = cpu_to_le16(0);
                mrec->mft_record_number = cpu_to_le32(MREF(mref));
        }
        mrec->magic = magic_FILE;
        if (vol->mft_record_size >= NTFS_BLOCK_SIZE)
                mrec->usa_count = cpu_to_le16(vol->mft_record_size /
                                NTFS_BLOCK_SIZE + 1);
        else {
                mrec->usa_count = cpu_to_le16(1);
                ntfs_log_error("Sector size is bigger than MFT record size.  "
                                "Setting usa_count to 1.  If Windows chkdsk "
                                "reports this as corruption, please email %s "
                                "stating that you saw this message and that "
                                "the file system created was corrupt.  "
                                "Thank you.\n", NTFS_DEV_LIST);
        }
        /* Set the update sequence number to 1. */
        *(u16*)((u8*)mrec + le16_to_cpu(mrec->usa_ofs)) = cpu_to_le16(1);
        mrec->lsn = cpu_to_le64(0ull);
        mrec->sequence_number = cpu_to_le16(1);
        mrec->link_count = cpu_to_le16(0);
        /* Aligned to 8-byte boundary. */
        mrec->attrs_offset = cpu_to_le16((le16_to_cpu(mrec->usa_ofs) +
                        (le16_to_cpu(mrec->usa_count) << 1) + 7) & ~7);
        mrec->flags = cpu_to_le16(0);
        /*
         * Using attrs_offset plus eight bytes (for the termination attribute),
         * aligned to 8-byte boundary.
         */
        mrec->bytes_in_use = cpu_to_le32((le16_to_cpu(mrec->attrs_offset) + 8 +
                        7) & ~7);
        mrec->bytes_allocated = cpu_to_le32(vol->mft_record_size);
        mrec->base_mft_record = cpu_to_le64((MFT_REF)0);
        mrec->next_attr_instance = cpu_to_le16(0);
        a = (ATTR_RECORD*)((u8*)mrec + le16_to_cpu(mrec->attrs_offset));
        a->type = AT_END;
        a->length = cpu_to_le32(0);
        /* Finally, clear the unused part of the mft record. */
        memset((u8*)a + 8, 0, vol->mft_record_size - ((u8*)a + 8 - (u8*)mrec));
        return 0;
}

/**
 * ntfs_mft_record_format - format an mft record on an ntfs volume
 * @vol:        volume on which to format the mft record
 * @mref:       mft reference specifying mft record to format
 *
 * Format the mft record with the mft reference @mref in $MFT/$DATA, i.e. lay
 * out an empty, unused mft record in memory and write it to the volume @vol.
 *
 * On success return 0 and on error return -1 with errno set to the error code.
 */
int ntfs_mft_record_format(const ntfs_volume *vol, const MFT_REF mref)
{
        MFT_RECORD *m;
        int ret = -1;

        ntfs_log_enter("Entering\n");
        
        m = ntfs_calloc(vol->mft_record_size);
        if (!m)
                goto out;
        
        if (ntfs_mft_record_layout(vol, mref, m))
                goto free_m;
        
        if (ntfs_mft_record_write(vol, mref, m))
                goto free_m;
        
        ret = 0;
free_m:
        free(m);
out:    
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");
        return ret;
}

static const char *es = "  Leaving inconsistent metadata.  Run chkdsk.";

/**
 * ntfs_ffz - Find the first unset (zero) bit in a word
 * @word:
 *
 * Description...
 *
 * Returns:
 */
static inline unsigned int ntfs_ffz(unsigned int word)
{
        return ffs(~word) - 1;
}

static int ntfs_is_mft(ntfs_inode *ni)
{
        if (ni && ni->mft_no == FILE_MFT)
                return 1;
        return 0;
}

#ifndef PAGE_SIZE
#define PAGE_SIZE 4096
#endif

#define RESERVED_MFT_RECORDS   64

/**
 * ntfs_mft_bitmap_find_free_rec - find a free mft record in the mft bitmap
 * @vol:        volume on which to search for a free mft record
 * @base_ni:    open base inode if allocating an extent mft record or NULL
 *
 * Search for a free mft record in the mft bitmap attribute on the ntfs volume
 * @vol.
 *
 * If @base_ni is NULL start the search at the default allocator position.
 *
 * If @base_ni is not NULL start the search at the mft record after the base
 * mft record @base_ni.
 *
 * Return the free mft record on success and -1 on error with errno set to the
 * error code.  An error code of ENOSPC means that there are no free mft
 * records in the currently initialized mft bitmap.
 */
static int ntfs_mft_bitmap_find_free_rec(ntfs_volume *vol, ntfs_inode *base_ni)
{
        s64 pass_end, ll, data_pos, pass_start, ofs, bit;
        ntfs_attr *mftbmp_na;
        u8 *buf, *byte;
        unsigned int size;
        u8 pass, b;
        int ret = -1;

        ntfs_log_enter("Entering\n");
        
        mftbmp_na = vol->mftbmp_na;
        /*
         * Set the end of the pass making sure we do not overflow the mft
         * bitmap.
         */
        size = PAGE_SIZE;
        pass_end = vol->mft_na->allocated_size >> vol->mft_record_size_bits;
        ll = mftbmp_na->initialized_size << 3;
        if (pass_end > ll)
                pass_end = ll;
        pass = 1;
        if (!base_ni)
                data_pos = vol->mft_data_pos;
        else
                data_pos = base_ni->mft_no + 1;
        if (data_pos < RESERVED_MFT_RECORDS)
                data_pos = RESERVED_MFT_RECORDS;
        if (data_pos >= pass_end) {
                data_pos = RESERVED_MFT_RECORDS;
                pass = 2;
                /* This happens on a freshly formatted volume. */
                if (data_pos >= pass_end) {
                        errno = ENOSPC;
                        goto leave;
                }
        }
        if (ntfs_is_mft(base_ni)) {
                data_pos = 0;
                pass = 2;
        }
        pass_start = data_pos;
        buf = ntfs_malloc(PAGE_SIZE);
        if (!buf)
                goto leave;
        
        ntfs_log_debug("Starting bitmap search: pass %u, pass_start 0x%llx, "
                        "pass_end 0x%llx, data_pos 0x%llx.\n", pass,
                        (long long)pass_start, (long long)pass_end,
                        (long long)data_pos);
#ifdef DEBUG
        byte = NULL;
        b = 0;
#endif
        /* Loop until a free mft record is found. */
        for (; pass <= 2; size = PAGE_SIZE) {
                /* Cap size to pass_end. */
                ofs = data_pos >> 3;
                ll = ((pass_end + 7) >> 3) - ofs;
                if (size > ll)
                        size = ll;
                ll = ntfs_attr_pread(mftbmp_na, ofs, size, buf);
                if (ll < 0) {
                        ntfs_log_perror("Failed to read $MFT bitmap");
                        free(buf);
                        goto leave;
                }
                ntfs_log_debug("Read 0x%llx bytes.\n", (long long)ll);
                /* If we read at least one byte, search @buf for a zero bit. */
                if (ll) {
                        size = ll << 3;
                        bit = data_pos & 7;
                        data_pos &= ~7ull;
                        ntfs_log_debug("Before inner for loop: size 0x%x, "
                                        "data_pos 0x%llx, bit 0x%llx, "
                                        "*byte 0x%hhx, b %u.\n", size,
                                        (long long)data_pos, (long long)bit,
                                        byte ? *byte : -1, b);
                        for (; bit < size && data_pos + bit < pass_end;
                                        bit &= ~7ull, bit += 8) {
                                /* 
                                 * If we're extending $MFT and running out of the first
                                 * mft record (base record) then give up searching since
                                 * no guarantee that the found record will be accessible.
                                 */
                                if (ntfs_is_mft(base_ni) && bit > 400)
                                        goto out;
                                
                                byte = buf + (bit >> 3);
                                if (*byte == 0xff)
                                        continue;
                                
                                /* Note: ffz() result must be zero based. */
                                b = ntfs_ffz((unsigned long)*byte);
                                if (b < 8 && b >= (bit & 7)) {
                                        free(buf);
                                        ret = data_pos + (bit & ~7ull) + b;
                                        goto leave;
                                }
                        }
                        ntfs_log_debug("After inner for loop: size 0x%x, "
                                        "data_pos 0x%llx, bit 0x%llx, "
                                        "*byte 0x%hhx, b %u.\n", size,
                                        (long long)data_pos, (long long)bit,
                                        byte ? *byte : -1, b);
                        data_pos += size;
                        /*
                         * If the end of the pass has not been reached yet,
                         * continue searching the mft bitmap for a zero bit.
                         */
                        if (data_pos < pass_end)
                                continue;
                }
                /* Do the next pass. */
                pass++;
                if (pass == 2) {
                        /*
                         * Starting the second pass, in which we scan the first
                         * part of the zone which we omitted earlier.
                         */
                        pass_end = pass_start;
                        data_pos = pass_start = RESERVED_MFT_RECORDS;
                        ntfs_log_debug("pass %i, pass_start 0x%llx, pass_end "
                                        "0x%llx.\n", pass, (long long)pass_start,
                                        (long long)pass_end);
                        if (data_pos >= pass_end)
                                break;
                }
        }
        /* No free mft records in currently initialized mft bitmap. */
out:    
        free(buf);
        errno = ENOSPC;
leave:
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");
        return ret;
}

static int ntfs_mft_attr_extend(ntfs_attr *na)
{
        int ret = STATUS_ERROR;
        ntfs_log_enter("Entering\n");

        if (!NInoAttrList(na->ni)) {
                if (ntfs_inode_add_attrlist(na->ni)) {
                        ntfs_log_perror("%s: Can not add attrlist #3", __FUNCTION__);
                        goto out;
                }
                /* We can't sync the $MFT inode since its runlist is bogus. */
                ret = STATUS_KEEP_SEARCHING;
                goto out;
        }

        if (ntfs_attr_update_mapping_pairs(na, 0)) {
                ntfs_log_perror("%s: MP update failed", __FUNCTION__);
                goto out;
        }
        
        ret = STATUS_OK;
out:    
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");
        return ret;
}

/**
 * ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_allocation_i - see ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_allocation
 */
static int ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_allocation_i(ntfs_volume *vol)
{
        LCN lcn;
        s64 ll = 0; /* silence compiler warning */
        ntfs_attr *mftbmp_na;
        runlist_element *rl, *rl2 = NULL; /* silence compiler warning */
        ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
        MFT_RECORD *m = NULL; /* silence compiler warning */
        ATTR_RECORD *a = NULL; /* silence compiler warning */
        int err, mp_size;
        int ret = STATUS_ERROR;
        u32 old_alen = 0; /* silence compiler warning */
        BOOL mp_rebuilt = FALSE;
        BOOL update_mp = FALSE;

        mftbmp_na = vol->mftbmp_na;
        /*
         * Determine the last lcn of the mft bitmap.  The allocated size of the
         * mft bitmap cannot be zero so we are ok to do this.
         */
        rl = ntfs_attr_find_vcn(mftbmp_na, (mftbmp_na->allocated_size - 1) >>
                        vol->cluster_size_bits);
        if (!rl || !rl->length || rl->lcn < 0) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to determine last allocated "
                                "cluster of mft bitmap attribute.\n");
                if (rl)
                        errno = EIO;
                return STATUS_ERROR;
        }
        lcn = rl->lcn + rl->length;
        
        rl2 = ntfs_cluster_alloc(vol, rl[1].vcn, 1, lcn, DATA_ZONE);
        if (!rl2) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to allocate a cluster for "
                                "the mft bitmap.\n");
                return STATUS_ERROR;
        }
        rl = ntfs_runlists_merge(mftbmp_na->rl, rl2);
        if (!rl) {
                err = errno;
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to merge runlists for mft "
                                "bitmap.\n");
                if (ntfs_cluster_free_from_rl(vol, rl2))
                        ntfs_log_error("Failed to deallocate "
                                        "cluster.%s\n", es);
                free(rl2);
                errno = err;
                return STATUS_ERROR;
        }
        mftbmp_na->rl = rl;
        ntfs_log_debug("Adding one run to mft bitmap.\n");
        /* Find the last run in the new runlist. */
        for (; rl[1].length; rl++)
                ;
        /*
         * Update the attribute record as well.  Note: @rl is the last
         * (non-terminator) runlist element of mft bitmap.
         */
        ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(mftbmp_na->ni, NULL);
        if (!ctx)
                goto undo_alloc;

        if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mftbmp_na->type, mftbmp_na->name,
                        mftbmp_na->name_len, 0, rl[1].vcn, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to find last attribute extent of "
                                "mft bitmap attribute.\n");
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        m = ctx->mrec;
        a = ctx->attr;
        ll = sle64_to_cpu(a->lowest_vcn);
        rl2 = ntfs_attr_find_vcn(mftbmp_na, ll);
        if (!rl2 || !rl2->length) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to determine previous last "
                                "allocated cluster of mft bitmap attribute.\n");
                if (rl2)
                        errno = EIO;
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        /* Get the size for the new mapping pairs array for this extent. */
        mp_size = ntfs_get_size_for_mapping_pairs(vol, rl2, ll, INT_MAX);
        if (mp_size <= 0) {
                ntfs_log_error("Get size for mapping pairs failed for "
                                "mft bitmap attribute extent.\n");
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        /* Expand the attribute record if necessary. */
        old_alen = le32_to_cpu(a->length);
        if (ntfs_attr_record_resize(m, a, mp_size +
                        le16_to_cpu(a->mapping_pairs_offset))) {
                ntfs_log_info("extending $MFT bitmap\n");
                ret = ntfs_mft_attr_extend(vol->mftbmp_na);
                if (ret == STATUS_OK)
                        goto ok;
                if (ret == STATUS_ERROR) {
                        ntfs_log_perror("%s: ntfs_mft_attr_extend failed", __FUNCTION__);
                        update_mp = TRUE;
                }
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        mp_rebuilt = TRUE;
        /* Generate the mapping pairs array directly into the attr record. */
        if (ntfs_mapping_pairs_build(vol, (u8*)a +
                        le16_to_cpu(a->mapping_pairs_offset), mp_size, rl2, ll,
                        NULL)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to build mapping pairs array for "
                                "mft bitmap attribute.\n");
                errno = EIO;
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        /* Update the highest_vcn. */
        a->highest_vcn = cpu_to_sle64(rl[1].vcn - 1);
        /*
         * We now have extended the mft bitmap allocated_size by one cluster.
         * Reflect this in the ntfs_attr structure and the attribute record.
         */
        if (a->lowest_vcn) {
                /*
                 * We are not in the first attribute extent, switch to it, but
                 * first ensure the changes will make it to disk later.
                 */
                ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
                ntfs_attr_reinit_search_ctx(ctx);
                if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mftbmp_na->type, mftbmp_na->name,
                                mftbmp_na->name_len, 0, 0, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                        ntfs_log_error("Failed to find first attribute "
                                        "extent of mft bitmap attribute.\n");
                        goto restore_undo_alloc;
                }
                a = ctx->attr;
        }
ok:
        mftbmp_na->allocated_size += vol->cluster_size;
        a->allocated_size = cpu_to_sle64(mftbmp_na->allocated_size);
        /* Ensure the changes make it to disk. */
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
        ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
        return STATUS_OK;

restore_undo_alloc:
        err = errno;
        ntfs_attr_reinit_search_ctx(ctx);
        if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mftbmp_na->type, mftbmp_na->name,
                        mftbmp_na->name_len, 0, rl[1].vcn, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to find last attribute extent of "
                                "mft bitmap attribute.%s\n", es);
                ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
                mftbmp_na->allocated_size += vol->cluster_size;
                /*
                 * The only thing that is now wrong is ->allocated_size of the
                 * base attribute extent which chkdsk should be able to fix.
                 */
                errno = err;
                return STATUS_ERROR;
        }
        m = ctx->mrec;
        a = ctx->attr;
        a->highest_vcn = cpu_to_sle64(rl[1].vcn - 2);
        errno = err;
undo_alloc:
        err = errno;

        /* Remove the last run from the runlist. */
        lcn = rl->lcn;
        rl->lcn = rl[1].lcn;
        rl->length = 0;
        
        /* FIXME: use an ntfs_cluster_free_* function */
        if (ntfs_bitmap_clear_bit(vol->lcnbmp_na, lcn))
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to free cluster.%s\n", es);
        else
                vol->free_clusters++;
        if (mp_rebuilt) {
                if (ntfs_mapping_pairs_build(vol, (u8*)a +
                                le16_to_cpu(a->mapping_pairs_offset),
                                old_alen - le16_to_cpu(a->mapping_pairs_offset),
                                rl2, ll, NULL))
                        ntfs_log_error("Failed to restore mapping "
                                        "pairs array.%s\n", es);
                if (ntfs_attr_record_resize(m, a, old_alen))
                        ntfs_log_error("Failed to restore attribute "
                                        "record.%s\n", es);
                ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
        }
        if (update_mp) {
                if (ntfs_attr_update_mapping_pairs(vol->mftbmp_na, 0))
                        ntfs_log_perror("%s: MP update failed", __FUNCTION__);
        }
        if (ctx)
                ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
        errno = err;
        return ret;
}

/**
 * ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_allocation - extend mft bitmap attribute by a cluster
 * @vol:        volume on which to extend the mft bitmap attribute
 *
 * Extend the mft bitmap attribute on the ntfs volume @vol by one cluster.
 *
 * Note:  Only changes allocated_size, i.e. does not touch initialized_size or
 * data_size.
 *
 * Return 0 on success and -1 on error with errno set to the error code.
 */
static int ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_allocation(ntfs_volume *vol)
{
        int ret;
        
        ntfs_log_enter("Entering\n");
        ret = ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_allocation_i(vol);
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");
        return ret;
}
/**
 * ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_initialized - extend mft bitmap initialized data
 * @vol:        volume on which to extend the mft bitmap attribute
 *
 * Extend the initialized portion of the mft bitmap attribute on the ntfs
 * volume @vol by 8 bytes.
 *
 * Note:  Only changes initialized_size and data_size, i.e. requires that
 * allocated_size is big enough to fit the new initialized_size.
 *
 * Return 0 on success and -1 on error with errno set to the error code.
 */
static int ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_initialized(ntfs_volume *vol)
{
        s64 old_data_size, old_initialized_size, ll;
        ntfs_attr *mftbmp_na;
        ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
        ATTR_RECORD *a;
        int err;
        int ret = -1;

        ntfs_log_enter("Entering\n");
        
        mftbmp_na = vol->mftbmp_na;
        ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(mftbmp_na->ni, NULL);
        if (!ctx)
                goto out;

        if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mftbmp_na->type, mftbmp_na->name,
                        mftbmp_na->name_len, 0, 0, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to find first attribute extent of "
                                "mft bitmap attribute.\n");
                err = errno;
                goto put_err_out;
        }
        a = ctx->attr;
        old_data_size = mftbmp_na->data_size;
        old_initialized_size = mftbmp_na->initialized_size;
        mftbmp_na->initialized_size += 8;
        a->initialized_size = cpu_to_sle64(mftbmp_na->initialized_size);
        if (mftbmp_na->initialized_size > mftbmp_na->data_size) {
                mftbmp_na->data_size = mftbmp_na->initialized_size;
                a->data_size = cpu_to_sle64(mftbmp_na->data_size);
        }
        /* Ensure the changes make it to disk. */
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
        ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
        /* Initialize the mft bitmap attribute value with zeroes. */
        ll = 0;
        ll = ntfs_attr_pwrite(mftbmp_na, old_initialized_size, 8, &ll);
        if (ll == 8) {
                ntfs_log_debug("Wrote eight initialized bytes to mft bitmap.\n");
                vol->free_mft_records += (8 * 8); 
                ret = 0;
                goto out;
        }
        ntfs_log_error("Failed to write to mft bitmap.\n");
        err = errno;
        if (ll >= 0)
                err = EIO;
        /* Try to recover from the error. */
        ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(mftbmp_na->ni, NULL);
        if (!ctx)
                goto err_out;

        if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mftbmp_na->type, mftbmp_na->name,
                        mftbmp_na->name_len, 0, 0, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to find first attribute extent of "
                                "mft bitmap attribute.%s\n", es);
put_err_out:
                ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
                goto err_out;
        }
        a = ctx->attr;
        mftbmp_na->initialized_size = old_initialized_size;
        a->initialized_size = cpu_to_sle64(old_initialized_size);
        if (mftbmp_na->data_size != old_data_size) {
                mftbmp_na->data_size = old_data_size;
                a->data_size = cpu_to_sle64(old_data_size);
        }
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
        ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
        ntfs_log_debug("Restored status of mftbmp: allocated_size 0x%llx, "
                        "data_size 0x%llx, initialized_size 0x%llx.\n",
                        (long long)mftbmp_na->allocated_size,
                        (long long)mftbmp_na->data_size,
                        (long long)mftbmp_na->initialized_size);
err_out:
        errno = err;
out:
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");
        return ret;
}

/**
 * ntfs_mft_data_extend_allocation - extend mft data attribute
 * @vol:        volume on which to extend the mft data attribute
 *
 * Extend the mft data attribute on the ntfs volume @vol by 16 mft records
 * worth of clusters or if not enough space for this by one mft record worth
 * of clusters.
 *
 * Note:  Only changes allocated_size, i.e. does not touch initialized_size or
 * data_size.
 *
 * Return 0 on success and -1 on error with errno set to the error code.
 */
static int ntfs_mft_data_extend_allocation(ntfs_volume *vol)
{
        LCN lcn;
        VCN old_last_vcn;
        s64 min_nr, nr, ll = 0; /* silence compiler warning */
        ntfs_attr *mft_na;
        runlist_element *rl, *rl2;
        ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
        MFT_RECORD *m = NULL; /* silence compiler warning */
        ATTR_RECORD *a = NULL; /* silence compiler warning */
        int err, mp_size;
        int ret = STATUS_ERROR;
        u32 old_alen = 0; /* silence compiler warning */
        BOOL mp_rebuilt = FALSE;
        BOOL update_mp = FALSE;

        ntfs_log_enter("Extending mft data allocation.\n");
        
        mft_na = vol->mft_na;
        /*
         * Determine the preferred allocation location, i.e. the last lcn of
         * the mft data attribute.  The allocated size of the mft data
         * attribute cannot be zero so we are ok to do this.
         */
        rl = ntfs_attr_find_vcn(mft_na,
                        (mft_na->allocated_size - 1) >> vol->cluster_size_bits);
        
        if (!rl || !rl->length || rl->lcn < 0) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to determine last allocated "
                                "cluster of mft data attribute.\n");
                if (rl)
                        errno = EIO;
                goto out;
        }
        
        lcn = rl->lcn + rl->length;
        ntfs_log_debug("Last lcn of mft data attribute is 0x%llx.\n", (long long)lcn);
        /* Minimum allocation is one mft record worth of clusters. */
        min_nr = vol->mft_record_size >> vol->cluster_size_bits;
        if (!min_nr)
                min_nr = 1;
        /* Want to allocate 16 mft records worth of clusters. */
        nr = vol->mft_record_size << 4 >> vol->cluster_size_bits;
        if (!nr)
                nr = min_nr;
        
        old_last_vcn = rl[1].vcn;
        do {
                rl2 = ntfs_cluster_alloc(vol, old_last_vcn, nr, lcn, MFT_ZONE);
                if (rl2)
                        break;
                if (errno != ENOSPC || nr == min_nr) {
                        ntfs_log_perror("Failed to allocate (%lld) clusters "
                                        "for $MFT", (long long)nr);
                        goto out;
                }
                /*
                 * There is not enough space to do the allocation, but there
                 * might be enough space to do a minimal allocation so try that
                 * before failing.
                 */
                nr = min_nr;
                ntfs_log_debug("Retrying mft data allocation with minimal cluster "
                                "count %lli.\n", (long long)nr);
        } while (1);
        
        ntfs_log_debug("Allocated %lld clusters.\n", (long long)nr);
        
        rl = ntfs_runlists_merge(mft_na->rl, rl2);
        if (!rl) {
                err = errno;
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to merge runlists for mft data "
                                "attribute.\n");
                if (ntfs_cluster_free_from_rl(vol, rl2))
                        ntfs_log_error("Failed to deallocate clusters "
                                        "from the mft data attribute.%s\n", es);
                free(rl2);
                errno = err;
                goto out;
        }
        mft_na->rl = rl;
        
        /* Find the last run in the new runlist. */
        for (; rl[1].length; rl++)
                ;
        /* Update the attribute record as well. */
        ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(mft_na->ni, NULL);
        if (!ctx)
                goto undo_alloc;

        if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mft_na->type, mft_na->name, mft_na->name_len, 0,
                        rl[1].vcn, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to find last attribute extent of "
                                "mft data attribute.\n");
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        m = ctx->mrec;
        a = ctx->attr;
        ll = sle64_to_cpu(a->lowest_vcn);
        rl2 = ntfs_attr_find_vcn(mft_na, ll);
        if (!rl2 || !rl2->length) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to determine previous last "
                                "allocated cluster of mft data attribute.\n");
                if (rl2)
                        errno = EIO;
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        /* Get the size for the new mapping pairs array for this extent. */
        mp_size = ntfs_get_size_for_mapping_pairs(vol, rl2, ll, INT_MAX);
        if (mp_size <= 0) {
                ntfs_log_error("Get size for mapping pairs failed for "
                                "mft data attribute extent.\n");
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        /* Expand the attribute record if necessary. */
        old_alen = le32_to_cpu(a->length);
        if (ntfs_attr_record_resize(m, a,
                        mp_size + le16_to_cpu(a->mapping_pairs_offset))) {
                ret = ntfs_mft_attr_extend(vol->mft_na);
                if (ret == STATUS_OK)
                        goto ok;
                if (ret == STATUS_ERROR) {
                        ntfs_log_perror("%s: ntfs_mft_attr_extend failed", __FUNCTION__);
                        update_mp = TRUE;
                }
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        mp_rebuilt = TRUE;
        /*
         * Generate the mapping pairs array directly into the attribute record.
         */
        if (ntfs_mapping_pairs_build(vol,
                        (u8*)a + le16_to_cpu(a->mapping_pairs_offset), mp_size,
                        rl2, ll, NULL)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to build mapping pairs array of "
                                "mft data attribute.\n");
                errno = EIO;
                goto undo_alloc;
        }
        /* Update the highest_vcn. */
        a->highest_vcn = cpu_to_sle64(rl[1].vcn - 1);
        /*
         * We now have extended the mft data allocated_size by nr clusters.
         * Reflect this in the ntfs_attr structure and the attribute record.
         * @rl is the last (non-terminator) runlist element of mft data
         * attribute.
         */
        if (a->lowest_vcn) {
                /*
                 * We are not in the first attribute extent, switch to it, but
                 * first ensure the changes will make it to disk later.
                 */
                ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
                ntfs_attr_reinit_search_ctx(ctx);
                if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mft_na->type, mft_na->name,
                                mft_na->name_len, 0, 0, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                        ntfs_log_error("Failed to find first attribute "
                                        "extent of mft data attribute.\n");
                        goto restore_undo_alloc;
                }
                a = ctx->attr;
        }
ok:
        mft_na->allocated_size += nr << vol->cluster_size_bits;
        a->allocated_size = cpu_to_sle64(mft_na->allocated_size);
        /* Ensure the changes make it to disk. */
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
        ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
        ret = STATUS_OK;
out:
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");
        return ret;

restore_undo_alloc:
        err = errno;
        ntfs_attr_reinit_search_ctx(ctx);
        if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mft_na->type, mft_na->name, mft_na->name_len, 0,
                        rl[1].vcn, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to find last attribute extent of "
                                "mft data attribute.%s\n", es);
                ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
                mft_na->allocated_size += nr << vol->cluster_size_bits;
                /*
                 * The only thing that is now wrong is ->allocated_size of the
                 * base attribute extent which chkdsk should be able to fix.
                 */
                errno = err;
                ret = STATUS_ERROR;
                goto out;
        }
        m = ctx->mrec;
        a = ctx->attr;
        a->highest_vcn = cpu_to_sle64(old_last_vcn - 1);
        errno = err;
undo_alloc:
        err = errno;
        if (ntfs_cluster_free(vol, mft_na, old_last_vcn, -1) < 0)
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to free clusters from mft data "
                                "attribute.%s\n", es);
        if (ntfs_rl_truncate(&mft_na->rl, old_last_vcn))
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to truncate mft data attribute "
                                "runlist.%s\n", es);
        if (mp_rebuilt) {
                if (ntfs_mapping_pairs_build(vol, (u8*)a +
                                le16_to_cpu(a->mapping_pairs_offset),
                                old_alen - le16_to_cpu(a->mapping_pairs_offset),
                                rl2, ll, NULL))
                        ntfs_log_error("Failed to restore mapping pairs "
                                        "array.%s\n", es);
                if (ntfs_attr_record_resize(m, a, old_alen))
                        ntfs_log_error("Failed to restore attribute "
                                        "record.%s\n", es);
                ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
        }
        if (update_mp) {
                if (ntfs_attr_update_mapping_pairs(vol->mft_na, 0))
                        ntfs_log_perror("%s: MP update failed", __FUNCTION__);
        }
        if (ctx)
                ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
        errno = err;
        goto out;
}


static int ntfs_mft_record_init(ntfs_volume *vol, s64 size)
{
        int ret = -1;
        ntfs_attr *mft_na;
        s64 old_data_initialized, old_data_size;
        ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
        
        ntfs_log_enter("Entering\n");
        
        /* NOTE: Caller must sanity check vol, vol->mft_na and vol->mftbmp_na */
        
        mft_na = vol->mft_na;
        
        /*
         * The mft record is outside the initialized data. Extend the mft data
         * attribute until it covers the allocated record. The loop is only
         * actually traversed more than once when a freshly formatted volume
         * is first written to so it optimizes away nicely in the common case.
         */
        ntfs_log_debug("Status of mft data before extension: "
                        "allocated_size 0x%llx, data_size 0x%llx, "
                        "initialized_size 0x%llx.\n",
                        (long long)mft_na->allocated_size,
                        (long long)mft_na->data_size,
                        (long long)mft_na->initialized_size);
        while (size > mft_na->allocated_size) {
                if (ntfs_mft_data_extend_allocation(vol) == STATUS_ERROR)
                        goto out;
                ntfs_log_debug("Status of mft data after allocation extension: "
                                "allocated_size 0x%llx, data_size 0x%llx, "
                                "initialized_size 0x%llx.\n",
                                (long long)mft_na->allocated_size,
                                (long long)mft_na->data_size,
                                (long long)mft_na->initialized_size);
        }
        
        old_data_initialized = mft_na->initialized_size;
        old_data_size = mft_na->data_size;
        
        /*
         * Extend mft data initialized size (and data size of course) to reach
         * the allocated mft record, formatting the mft records along the way.
         * Note: We only modify the ntfs_attr structure as that is all that is
         * needed by ntfs_mft_record_format().  We will update the attribute
         * record itself in one fell swoop later on.
         */
        while (size > mft_na->initialized_size) {
                s64 ll2 = mft_na->initialized_size >> vol->mft_record_size_bits;
                mft_na->initialized_size += vol->mft_record_size;
                if (mft_na->initialized_size > mft_na->data_size)
                        mft_na->data_size = mft_na->initialized_size;
                ntfs_log_debug("Initializing mft record 0x%llx.\n", (long long)ll2);
                if (ntfs_mft_record_format(vol, ll2) < 0) {
                        ntfs_log_perror("Failed to format mft record");
                        goto undo_data_init;
                }
        }
        
        /* Update the mft data attribute record to reflect the new sizes. */
        ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(mft_na->ni, NULL);
        if (!ctx)
                goto undo_data_init;

        if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mft_na->type, mft_na->name, mft_na->name_len, 0,
                        0, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to find first attribute extent of "
                                "mft data attribute.\n");
                ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
                goto undo_data_init;
        }
        ctx->attr->initialized_size = cpu_to_sle64(mft_na->initialized_size);
        ctx->attr->data_size = cpu_to_sle64(mft_na->data_size);
        ctx->attr->allocated_size = cpu_to_sle64(mft_na->allocated_size);
        
        /* Ensure the changes make it to disk. */
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
        ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
        ntfs_log_debug("Status of mft data after mft record initialization: "
                        "allocated_size 0x%llx, data_size 0x%llx, "
                        "initialized_size 0x%llx.\n",
                        (long long)mft_na->allocated_size,
                        (long long)mft_na->data_size,
                        (long long)mft_na->initialized_size);
        
        /* Sanity checks. */
        if (mft_na->data_size > mft_na->allocated_size ||
            mft_na->initialized_size > mft_na->data_size)
                NTFS_BUG("mft_na sanity checks failed");
        
        /* Sync MFT to minimize data loss if there won't be clean unmount. */
        if (ntfs_inode_sync(mft_na->ni))
                goto undo_data_init;
        
        ret = 0;
out:    
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");
        return ret;
        
undo_data_init:
        mft_na->initialized_size = old_data_initialized;
        mft_na->data_size = old_data_size;
        goto out;
}

static int ntfs_mft_rec_init(ntfs_volume *vol, s64 size)
{
        int ret = -1;
        ntfs_attr *mft_na;
        s64 old_data_initialized, old_data_size;
        ntfs_attr_search_ctx *ctx;
        
        ntfs_log_enter("Entering\n");
        
        mft_na = vol->mft_na;
        
        if (size > mft_na->allocated_size || size > mft_na->initialized_size) {
                errno = EIO;
                ntfs_log_perror("%s: unexpected $MFT sizes, see below", __FUNCTION__);
                ntfs_log_error("$MFT: size=%lld  allocated_size=%lld  "
                               "data_size=%lld  initialized_size=%lld\n",
                               (long long)size,
                               (long long)mft_na->allocated_size,
                               (long long)mft_na->data_size,
                               (long long)mft_na->initialized_size);
                goto out;
        }
        
        old_data_initialized = mft_na->initialized_size;
        old_data_size = mft_na->data_size;
        
        /* Update the mft data attribute record to reflect the new sizes. */
        ctx = ntfs_attr_get_search_ctx(mft_na->ni, NULL);
        if (!ctx)
                goto undo_data_init;

        if (ntfs_attr_lookup(mft_na->type, mft_na->name, mft_na->name_len, 0,
                        0, NULL, 0, ctx)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to find first attribute extent of "
                                "mft data attribute.\n");
                ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
                goto undo_data_init;
        }
        ctx->attr->initialized_size = cpu_to_sle64(mft_na->initialized_size);
        ctx->attr->data_size = cpu_to_sle64(mft_na->data_size);

        /* CHECKME: ctx->attr->allocation_size is already ok? */
        
        /* Ensure the changes make it to disk. */
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ctx->ntfs_ino);
        ntfs_attr_put_search_ctx(ctx);
        
        /* Sanity checks. */
        if (mft_na->data_size > mft_na->allocated_size ||
            mft_na->initialized_size > mft_na->data_size)
                NTFS_BUG("mft_na sanity checks failed");
out:    
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");
        return ret;
        
undo_data_init:
        mft_na->initialized_size = old_data_initialized;
        mft_na->data_size = old_data_size;
        goto out;
}

static ntfs_inode *ntfs_mft_rec_alloc(ntfs_volume *vol)
{
        s64 ll, bit;
        ntfs_attr *mft_na, *mftbmp_na;
        MFT_RECORD *m;
        ntfs_inode *ni = NULL;
        ntfs_inode *base_ni;
        int err;
        le16 seq_no, usn;

        ntfs_log_enter("Entering\n");

        mft_na = vol->mft_na;
        mftbmp_na = vol->mftbmp_na;

        base_ni = mft_na->ni;

        bit = ntfs_mft_bitmap_find_free_rec(vol, base_ni);
        if (bit >= 0)
                goto found_free_rec;

        if (errno != ENOSPC)
                goto out;
        
        errno = ENOSPC;
        /* strerror() is intentionally used below, we want to log this error. */
        ntfs_log_error("No free mft record for $MFT: %s\n", strerror(errno));
        goto err_out;

found_free_rec:
        if (ntfs_bitmap_set_bit(mftbmp_na, bit)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to allocate bit in mft bitmap #2\n");
                goto err_out;
        }
        
        ll = (bit + 1) << vol->mft_record_size_bits;
        if (ll > mft_na->initialized_size)
                if (ntfs_mft_rec_init(vol, ll) < 0)
                        goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        /*
         * We now have allocated and initialized the mft record.  Need to read
         * it from disk and re-format it, preserving the sequence number if it
         * is not zero as well as the update sequence number if it is not zero
         * or -1 (0xffff).
         */
        m = ntfs_malloc(vol->mft_record_size);
        if (!m)
                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        
        if (ntfs_mft_record_read(vol, bit, m)) {
                free(m);
                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        }
        /* Sanity check that the mft record is really not in use. */
        if (ntfs_is_file_record(m->magic) && (m->flags & MFT_RECORD_IN_USE)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Inode %lld is used but it wasn't marked in "
                               "$MFT bitmap. Fixed.\n", (long long)bit);
                free(m);
                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        }

        seq_no = m->sequence_number;
        usn = *(le16*)((u8*)m + le16_to_cpu(m->usa_ofs));
        if (ntfs_mft_record_layout(vol, bit, m)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to re-format mft record.\n");
                free(m);
                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        }
        if (seq_no)
                m->sequence_number = seq_no;
        seq_no = usn;
        if (seq_no && seq_no != const_cpu_to_le16(0xffff))
                *(le16*)((u8*)m + le16_to_cpu(m->usa_ofs)) = usn;
        /* Set the mft record itself in use. */
        m->flags |= MFT_RECORD_IN_USE;
        /* Now need to open an ntfs inode for the mft record. */
        ni = ntfs_inode_allocate(vol);
        if (!ni) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to allocate buffer for inode.\n");
                free(m);
                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        }
        ni->mft_no = bit;
        ni->mrec = m;
        /*
         * If we are allocating an extent mft record, make the opened inode an
         * extent inode and attach it to the base inode.  Also, set the base
         * mft record reference in the extent inode.
         */
        ni->nr_extents = -1;
        ni->base_ni = base_ni;
        m->base_mft_record = MK_LE_MREF(base_ni->mft_no,
                                        le16_to_cpu(base_ni->mrec->sequence_number));
        /*
         * Attach the extent inode to the base inode, reallocating
         * memory if needed.
         */
        if (!(base_ni->nr_extents & 3)) {
                ntfs_inode **extent_nis;
                int i;

                i = (base_ni->nr_extents + 4) * sizeof(ntfs_inode *);
                extent_nis = ntfs_malloc(i);
                if (!extent_nis) {
                        free(m);
                        free(ni);
                        goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
                }
                if (base_ni->nr_extents) {
                        memcpy(extent_nis, base_ni->extent_nis,
                                        i - 4 * sizeof(ntfs_inode *));
                        free(base_ni->extent_nis);
                }
                base_ni->extent_nis = extent_nis;
        }
        base_ni->extent_nis[base_ni->nr_extents++] = ni;
        
        /* Make sure the allocated inode is written out to disk later. */
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ni);
        /* Initialize time, allocated and data size in ntfs_inode struct. */
        ni->data_size = ni->allocated_size = 0;
        ni->flags = 0;
        ni->creation_time = ni->last_data_change_time =
                        ni->last_mft_change_time =
                        ni->last_access_time = ntfs_current_time();
        /* Update the default mft allocation position if it was used. */
        if (!base_ni)
                vol->mft_data_pos = bit + 1;
        /* Return the opened, allocated inode of the allocated mft record. */
        ntfs_log_error("allocated %sinode %lld\n",
                        base_ni ? "extent " : "", (long long)bit);
out:
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");   
        return ni;

undo_mftbmp_alloc:
        err = errno;
        if (ntfs_bitmap_clear_bit(mftbmp_na, bit))
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to clear bit in mft bitmap.%s\n", es);
        errno = err;
err_out:
        if (!errno)
                errno = EIO;
        ni = NULL;
        goto out;       
}

/**
 * ntfs_mft_record_alloc - allocate an mft record on an ntfs volume
 * @vol:        volume on which to allocate the mft record
 * @base_ni:    open base inode if allocating an extent mft record or NULL
 *
 * Allocate an mft record in $MFT/$DATA of an open ntfs volume @vol.
 *
 * If @base_ni is NULL make the mft record a base mft record and allocate it at
 * the default allocator position.
 *
 * If @base_ni is not NULL make the allocated mft record an extent record,
 * allocate it starting at the mft record after the base mft record and attach
 * the allocated and opened ntfs inode to the base inode @base_ni.
 *
 * On success return the now opened ntfs (extent) inode of the mft record.
 *
 * On error return NULL with errno set to the error code.
 *
 * To find a free mft record, we scan the mft bitmap for a zero bit.  To
 * optimize this we start scanning at the place specified by @base_ni or if
 * @base_ni is NULL we start where we last stopped and we perform wrap around
 * when we reach the end.  Note, we do not try to allocate mft records below
 * number 24 because numbers 0 to 15 are the defined system files anyway and 16
 * to 24 are special in that they are used for storing extension mft records
 * for the $DATA attribute of $MFT.  This is required to avoid the possibility
 * of creating a run list with a circular dependence which once written to disk
 * can never be read in again.  Windows will only use records 16 to 24 for
 * normal files if the volume is completely out of space.  We never use them
 * which means that when the volume is really out of space we cannot create any
 * more files while Windows can still create up to 8 small files.  We can start
 * doing this at some later time, it does not matter much for now.
 *
 * When scanning the mft bitmap, we only search up to the last allocated mft
 * record.  If there are no free records left in the range 24 to number of
 * allocated mft records, then we extend the $MFT/$DATA attribute in order to
 * create free mft records.  We extend the allocated size of $MFT/$DATA by 16
 * records at a time or one cluster, if cluster size is above 16kiB.  If there
 * is not sufficient space to do this, we try to extend by a single mft record
 * or one cluster, if cluster size is above the mft record size, but we only do
 * this if there is enough free space, which we know from the values returned
 * by the failed cluster allocation function when we tried to do the first
 * allocation.
 *
 * No matter how many mft records we allocate, we initialize only the first
 * allocated mft record, incrementing mft data size and initialized size
 * accordingly, open an ntfs_inode for it and return it to the caller, unless
 * there are less than 24 mft records, in which case we allocate and initialize
 * mft records until we reach record 24 which we consider as the first free mft
 * record for use by normal files.
 *
 * If during any stage we overflow the initialized data in the mft bitmap, we
 * extend the initialized size (and data size) by 8 bytes, allocating another
 * cluster if required.  The bitmap data size has to be at least equal to the
 * number of mft records in the mft, but it can be bigger, in which case the
 * superfluous bits are padded with zeroes.
 *
 * Thus, when we return successfully (return value non-zero), we will have:
 *      - initialized / extended the mft bitmap if necessary,
 *      - initialized / extended the mft data if necessary,
 *      - set the bit corresponding to the mft record being allocated in the
 *        mft bitmap,
 *      - open an ntfs_inode for the allocated mft record, and we will
 *      - return the ntfs_inode.
 *
 * On error (return value zero), nothing will have changed.  If we had changed
 * anything before the error occurred, we will have reverted back to the
 * starting state before returning to the caller.  Thus, except for bugs, we
 * should always leave the volume in a consistent state when returning from
 * this function.
 *
 * Note, this function cannot make use of most of the normal functions, like
 * for example for attribute resizing, etc, because when the run list overflows
 * the base mft record and an attribute list is used, it is very important that
 * the extension mft records used to store the $DATA attribute of $MFT can be
 * reached without having to read the information contained inside them, as
 * this would make it impossible to find them in the first place after the
 * volume is dismounted.  $MFT/$BITMAP probably does not need to follow this
 * rule because the bitmap is not essential for finding the mft records, but on
 * the other hand, handling the bitmap in this special way would make life
 * easier because otherwise there might be circular invocations of functions
 * when reading the bitmap but if we are careful, we should be able to avoid
 * all problems.
 */
ntfs_inode *ntfs_mft_record_alloc(ntfs_volume *vol, ntfs_inode *base_ni)
{
        s64 ll, bit;
        ntfs_attr *mft_na, *mftbmp_na;
        MFT_RECORD *m;
        ntfs_inode *ni = NULL;
        int err;
        le16 seq_no, usn;

        if (base_ni)
                ntfs_log_enter("Entering (allocating an extent mft record for "
                               "base mft record %lld).\n", 
                               (long long)base_ni->mft_no);
        else
                ntfs_log_enter("Entering (allocating a base mft record)\n");
        if (!vol || !vol->mft_na || !vol->mftbmp_na) {
                errno = EINVAL;
                goto out;
        }
        
        if (ntfs_is_mft(base_ni)) {
                ni = ntfs_mft_rec_alloc(vol);
                goto out;
        }

        mft_na = vol->mft_na;
        mftbmp_na = vol->mftbmp_na;
retry:  
        bit = ntfs_mft_bitmap_find_free_rec(vol, base_ni);
        if (bit >= 0) {
                ntfs_log_debug("found free record (#1) at %lld\n",
                                (long long)bit);
                goto found_free_rec;
        }
        if (errno != ENOSPC)
                goto out;
        /*
         * No free mft records left.  If the mft bitmap already covers more
         * than the currently used mft records, the next records are all free,
         * so we can simply allocate the first unused mft record.
         * Note: We also have to make sure that the mft bitmap at least covers
         * the first 24 mft records as they are special and whilst they may not
         * be in use, we do not allocate from them.
         */
        ll = mft_na->initialized_size >> vol->mft_record_size_bits;
        if (mftbmp_na->initialized_size << 3 > ll &&
                        mftbmp_na->initialized_size > RESERVED_MFT_RECORDS / 8) {
                bit = ll;
                if (bit < RESERVED_MFT_RECORDS)
                        bit = RESERVED_MFT_RECORDS;
                ntfs_log_debug("found free record (#2) at %lld\n",
                                (long long)bit);
                goto found_free_rec;
        }
        /*
         * The mft bitmap needs to be expanded until it covers the first unused
         * mft record that we can allocate.
         * Note: The smallest mft record we allocate is mft record 24.
         */
        ntfs_log_debug("Status of mftbmp before extension: allocated_size 0x%llx, "
                        "data_size 0x%llx, initialized_size 0x%llx.\n",
                        (long long)mftbmp_na->allocated_size,
                        (long long)mftbmp_na->data_size,
                        (long long)mftbmp_na->initialized_size);
        if (mftbmp_na->initialized_size + 8 > mftbmp_na->allocated_size) {

                int ret = ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_allocation(vol);

                if (ret == STATUS_ERROR)
                        goto err_out;
                if (ret == STATUS_KEEP_SEARCHING) {
                        ret = ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_allocation(vol);
                        if (ret != STATUS_OK)
                                goto err_out;
                }

                ntfs_log_debug("Status of mftbmp after allocation extension: "
                                "allocated_size 0x%llx, data_size 0x%llx, "
                                "initialized_size 0x%llx.\n",
                                (long long)mftbmp_na->allocated_size,
                                (long long)mftbmp_na->data_size,
                                (long long)mftbmp_na->initialized_size);
        }
        /*
         * We now have sufficient allocated space, extend the initialized_size
         * as well as the data_size if necessary and fill the new space with
         * zeroes.
         */
        bit = mftbmp_na->initialized_size << 3;
        if (ntfs_mft_bitmap_extend_initialized(vol))
                goto err_out;
        ntfs_log_debug("Status of mftbmp after initialized extension: "
                        "allocated_size 0x%llx, data_size 0x%llx, "
                        "initialized_size 0x%llx.\n",
                        (long long)mftbmp_na->allocated_size,
                        (long long)mftbmp_na->data_size,
                        (long long)mftbmp_na->initialized_size);
        ntfs_log_debug("found free record (#3) at %lld\n", (long long)bit);
found_free_rec:
        /* @bit is the found free mft record, allocate it in the mft bitmap. */
        if (ntfs_bitmap_set_bit(mftbmp_na, bit)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to allocate bit in mft bitmap.\n");
                goto err_out;
        }
        
        /* The mft bitmap is now uptodate.  Deal with mft data attribute now. */
        ll = (bit + 1) << vol->mft_record_size_bits;
        if (ll > mft_na->initialized_size)
                if (ntfs_mft_record_init(vol, ll) < 0)
                        goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;

        /*
         * We now have allocated and initialized the mft record.  Need to read
         * it from disk and re-format it, preserving the sequence number if it
         * is not zero as well as the update sequence number if it is not zero
         * or -1 (0xffff).
         */
        m = ntfs_malloc(vol->mft_record_size);
        if (!m)
                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        
        if (ntfs_mft_record_read(vol, bit, m)) {
                free(m);
                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        }
        /* Sanity check that the mft record is really not in use. */
        if (ntfs_is_file_record(m->magic) && (m->flags & MFT_RECORD_IN_USE)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Inode %lld is used but it wasn't marked in "
                               "$MFT bitmap. Fixed.\n", (long long)bit);
                free(m);
                goto retry;
        }
        seq_no = m->sequence_number;
        usn = *(le16*)((u8*)m + le16_to_cpu(m->usa_ofs));
        if (ntfs_mft_record_layout(vol, bit, m)) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to re-format mft record.\n");
                free(m);
                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        }
        if (seq_no)
                m->sequence_number = seq_no;
        seq_no = usn;
        if (seq_no && seq_no != const_cpu_to_le16(0xffff))
                *(le16*)((u8*)m + le16_to_cpu(m->usa_ofs)) = usn;
        /* Set the mft record itself in use. */
        m->flags |= MFT_RECORD_IN_USE;
        /* Now need to open an ntfs inode for the mft record. */
        ni = ntfs_inode_allocate(vol);
        if (!ni) {
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to allocate buffer for inode.\n");
                free(m);
                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
        }
        ni->mft_no = bit;
        ni->mrec = m;
        /*
         * If we are allocating an extent mft record, make the opened inode an
         * extent inode and attach it to the base inode.  Also, set the base
         * mft record reference in the extent inode.
         */
        if (base_ni) {
                ni->nr_extents = -1;
                ni->base_ni = base_ni;
                m->base_mft_record = MK_LE_MREF(base_ni->mft_no,
                                le16_to_cpu(base_ni->mrec->sequence_number));
                /*
                 * Attach the extent inode to the base inode, reallocating
                 * memory if needed.
                 */
                if (!(base_ni->nr_extents & 3)) {
                        ntfs_inode **extent_nis;
                        int i;

                        i = (base_ni->nr_extents + 4) * sizeof(ntfs_inode *);
                        extent_nis = ntfs_malloc(i);
                        if (!extent_nis) {
                                free(m);
                                free(ni);
                                goto undo_mftbmp_alloc;
                        }
                        if (base_ni->nr_extents) {
                                memcpy(extent_nis, base_ni->extent_nis,
                                                i - 4 * sizeof(ntfs_inode *));
                                free(base_ni->extent_nis);
                        }
                        base_ni->extent_nis = extent_nis;
                }
                base_ni->extent_nis[base_ni->nr_extents++] = ni;
        }
        /* Make sure the allocated inode is written out to disk later. */
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ni);
        /* Initialize time, allocated and data size in ntfs_inode struct. */
        ni->data_size = ni->allocated_size = 0;
        ni->flags = 0;
        ni->creation_time = ni->last_data_change_time =
                        ni->last_mft_change_time =
                        ni->last_access_time = ntfs_current_time();
        /* Update the default mft allocation position if it was used. */
        if (!base_ni)
                vol->mft_data_pos = bit + 1;
        /* Return the opened, allocated inode of the allocated mft record. */
        ntfs_log_debug("allocated %sinode 0x%llx.\n",
                        base_ni ? "extent " : "", (long long)bit);
        vol->free_mft_records--; 
out:
        ntfs_log_leave("\n");   
        return ni;

undo_mftbmp_alloc:
        err = errno;
        if (ntfs_bitmap_clear_bit(mftbmp_na, bit))
                ntfs_log_error("Failed to clear bit in mft bitmap.%s\n", es);
        errno = err;
err_out:
        if (!errno)
                errno = EIO;
        ni = NULL;
        goto out;       
}

/**
 * ntfs_mft_record_free - free an mft record on an ntfs volume
 * @vol:        volume on which to free the mft record
 * @ni:         open ntfs inode of the mft record to free
 *
 * Free the mft record of the open inode @ni on the mounted ntfs volume @vol.
 * Note that this function calls ntfs_inode_close() internally and hence you
 * cannot use the pointer @ni any more after this function returns success.
 *
 * On success return 0 and on error return -1 with errno set to the error code.
 */
int ntfs_mft_record_free(ntfs_volume *vol, ntfs_inode *ni)
{
        u64 mft_no;
        int err;
        u16 seq_no;
        le16 old_seq_no;

        ntfs_log_trace("Entering for inode 0x%llx.\n", (long long) ni->mft_no);

        if (!vol || !vol->mftbmp_na || !ni) {
                errno = EINVAL;
                return -1;
        }

        /* Cache the mft reference for later. */
        mft_no = ni->mft_no;

        /* Mark the mft record as not in use. */
        ni->mrec->flags &= ~MFT_RECORD_IN_USE;

        /* Increment the sequence number, skipping zero, if it is not zero. */
        old_seq_no = ni->mrec->sequence_number;
        seq_no = le16_to_cpu(old_seq_no);
        if (seq_no == 0xffff)
                seq_no = 1;
        else if (seq_no)
                seq_no++;
        ni->mrec->sequence_number = cpu_to_le16(seq_no);

        /* Set the inode dirty and write it out. */
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ni);
        if (ntfs_inode_sync(ni)) {
                err = errno;
                goto sync_rollback;
        }

        /* Clear the bit in the $MFT/$BITMAP corresponding to this record. */
        if (ntfs_bitmap_clear_bit(vol->mftbmp_na, mft_no)) {
                err = errno;
                // FIXME: If ntfs_bitmap_clear_run() guarantees rollback on
                //        error, this could be changed to goto sync_rollback;
                goto bitmap_rollback;
        }

        /* Throw away the now freed inode. */
#if CACHE_NIDATA_SIZE
        if (!ntfs_inode_real_close(ni)) {
#else
        if (!ntfs_inode_close(ni)) {
#endif
                vol->free_mft_records++; 
                return 0;
        }
        err = errno;

        /* Rollback what we did... */
bitmap_rollback:
        if (ntfs_bitmap_set_bit(vol->mftbmp_na, mft_no))
                ntfs_log_debug("Eeek! Rollback failed in ntfs_mft_record_free().  "
                                "Leaving inconsistent metadata!\n");
sync_rollback:
        ni->mrec->flags |= MFT_RECORD_IN_USE;
        ni->mrec->sequence_number = old_seq_no;
        ntfs_inode_mark_dirty(ni);
        errno = err;
        return -1;
}

/**
 * ntfs_mft_usn_dec - Decrement USN by one
 * @mrec:       pointer to an mft record
 *
 * On success return 0 and on error return -1 with errno set.
 */
int ntfs_mft_usn_dec(MFT_RECORD *mrec)
{
        u16 usn;
        le16 *usnp;

        if (!mrec) {
                errno = EINVAL;
                return -1;
        }
        usnp = (le16*)((char*)mrec + le16_to_cpu(mrec->usa_ofs));
        usn = le16_to_cpup(usnp);
        if (usn-- <= 1)
                usn = 0xfffe;
        *usnp = cpu_to_le16(usn);

        return 0;
}