1 The GNU General Public License (GPL) Version 2, June 1991
3 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
5 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
7 Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license
8 document, but changing it is not allowed.
12 The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share
13 and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to
14 guarantee your freedom to share and change free software--to make sure the
15 software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most
16 of the Free Software Foundation's software and to any other program whose
17 authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is
18 covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to
19 your programs, too. When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom,
20 not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have
21 the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service
22 if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that
23 you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that
24 you know you can do these things. To protect your rights, we need to make
25 restrictions that forbid anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to
26 surrender the rights. These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities
27 for you if you distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
29 For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether gratis or for a
30 fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that you have. You must make
31 sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. And you must show them
32 these terms so they know their rights.
34 We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and (2) offer
35 you this license which gives you legal permission to copy, distribute and/or
38 Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain that
39 everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free software. If the
40 software is modified by someone else and passed on, we want its recipients to
41 know that what they have is not the original, so that any problems introduced by
42 others will not reflect on the original authors' reputations.
44 Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software patents. We wish
45 to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free program will individually
46 obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent
47 this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyone's free
48 use or not licensed at all.
50 The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification
51 follow. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This
52 License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by
53 the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this
54 General Public License. The "Program", below, refers to any such program or
55 work, and a "work based on the Program" means either the Program or any
56 derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the
57 Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or
58 translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without
59 limitation in the term "modification".) Each licensee is addressed as "you".
61 Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by
62 this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not
63 restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents
64 constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by
65 running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
67 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's source code as
68 you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately
69 publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty;
70 keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any
71 warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
72 along with the Program.
74 You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at
75 your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
77 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus
78 forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications
79 or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of
82 a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices stating that you
83 changed the files and the date of any change.
85 b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in whole or in
86 part contains or is derived from the Program or any part thereof, to be licensed
87 as a whole at no charge to all third parties under the terms of this License.
89 c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively when run, you
90 must cause it, when started running for such interactive use in the most
91 ordinary way, to print or display an announcement including an appropriate
92 copyright notice and a notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that
93 you provide a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under these
94 conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this License. (Exception:
95 if the Program itself is interactive but does not normally print such an
96 announcement, your work based on the Program is not required to print an
99 These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole. If identifiable
100 sections of that work are not derived from the Program, and can be reasonably
101 considered independent and separate works in themselves, then this License, and
102 its terms, do not apply to those sections when you distribute them as separate
103 works. But when you distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a
104 work based on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
105 this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the entire whole,
106 and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
108 Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest your
109 rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to exercise the
110 right to control the distribution of derivative or collective works based on the
111 Program. In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
112 with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of a storage
113 or distribution medium does not bring the other work under the scope of this
116 3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it, under Section
117 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above
118 provided that you also do one of the following:
120 a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable source code,
121 which must be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
122 customarily used for software interchange; or,
124 b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three years, to give
125 any third party, for a charge no more than your cost of physically performing
126 source distribution, a complete machine-readable copy of the corresponding
127 source code, to be distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a
128 medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
130 c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer to distribute
131 corresponding source code. (This alternative is allowed only for noncommercial
132 distribution and only if you received the program in object code or executable
133 form with such an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
135 The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for making
136 modifications to it. For an executable work, complete source code means all the
137 source code for all modules it contains, plus any associated interface
138 definition files, plus the scripts used to control compilation and installation
139 of the executable. However, as a special exception, the source code distributed
140 need not include anything that is normally distributed (in either source or
141 binary form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
142 operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component itself
143 accompanies the executable. If distribution of executable or object code is made
144 by offering access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
145 access to copy the source code from the same place counts as distribution of the
146 source code, even though third parties are not compelled to copy the source
147 along with the object code.
149 4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program except as
150 expressly provided under this License. Any attempt otherwise to copy, modify,
151 sublicense or distribute the Program is void, and will automatically terminate
152 your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or
153 rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so
154 long as such parties remain in full compliance.
156 5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not signed it.
157 However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or distribute the Program
158 or its derivative works. These actions are prohibited by law if you do not
159 accept this License. Therefore, by modifying or distributing the Program (or any
160 work based on the Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do
161 so, and all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying the
162 Program or works based on it.
164 6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the Program),
165 the recipient automatically receives a license from the original licensor to
166 copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to these terms and conditions.
167 You may not impose any further restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the
168 rights granted herein. You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third
169 parties to this License.
171 7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent infringement
172 or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues), conditions are imposed
173 on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the
174 conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this
175 License. If you cannot distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your
176 obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a
177 consequence you may not distribute the Program at all. For example, if a patent
178 license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by all those
179 who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then the only way you
180 could satisfy both it and this License would be to refrain entirely from
181 distribution of the Program.
183 If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under any
184 particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to apply and the
185 section as a whole is intended to apply in other circumstances. It is not the
186 purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any patents or other property
187 right claims or to contest validity of any such claims; this section has the
188 sole purpose of protecting the integrity of the free software distribution
189 system, which is implemented by public license practices. Many people have made
190 generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed through that
191 system in reliance on consistent application of that system; it is up to the
192 author/donor to decide if he or she is willing to distribute software through
193 any other system and a licensee cannot impose that choice.
195 This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to be
196 consequence of the rest of this License.
198 8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in certain
199 countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the original copyright
200 holder who places the Program under this License may add an explicit
201 geographical distribution limitation excluding those countries, so that
202 distribution is permitted only in or among countries not thus excluded. In such
203 case, this License incorporates the limitation as if written in the body of this
206 9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the
207 General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in
208 spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems
211 Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies
212 a version number of this License which applies to it and "any later version",
213 you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that version
214 or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the
215 Program does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any
216 version ever published by the Free Software Foundation.
218 10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free programs
219 whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author to ask for
220 permission. For software which is copyrighted by the Free Software Foundation,
221 write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes make exceptions for this.
222 Our decision will be guided by the two goals of preserving the free status of
223 all derivatives of our free software and of promoting the sharing and reuse of
226 NO WARRANTY 11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO
227 WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
228 OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE
229 THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED,
230 INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND
231 FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND
232 PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU
233 ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
235 12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL
236 ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR REDISTRIBUTE THE
237 PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL,
238 SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY
239 TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING
240 RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF
241 THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER
242 PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
244 END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
246 How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
248 If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use
249 to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which
250 everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
252 To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach
253 them to the start of each source file to most effectively convey the exclusion
254 of warranty; and each file should have at least the "copyright" line and a
255 pointer to where the full notice is found.
257 One line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.
259 Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> This program is free software; you can
260 redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public
261 License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the
262 License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in
263 the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the
264 implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
265 GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of
266 the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the
267 Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA
270 Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. If the
271 program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts
272 in an interactive mode:
274 Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with
275 ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'. This is free software, and
276 you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type `show c' for
277 details. The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the
278 appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use
279 may be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
280 mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
282 You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school,
283 if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if necessary. Here is
284 a sample; alter the names:
286 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
287 `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
289 signature of Ty Coon, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General
290 Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary
291 programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more
292 useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is
293 what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this
296 "CLASSPATH" EXCEPTION TO THE GPL VERSION 2
298 Certain source files distributed by Sun Microsystems, Inc. are subject to the
299 following clarification and special exception to the GPL Version 2, but only
300 where Sun has expressly included in the particular source file's header the
301 words "Sun designates this particular file as subject to the "Classpath"
302 exception as provided by Sun in the License file that accompanied this code."
304 Linking this library statically or dynamically with other modules is making a
305 combined work based on this library. Thus, the terms and conditions of the GNU
306 General Public License Version 2 cover the whole combination.
308 As a special exception, the copyright holders of this library give you
309 permission to link this library with independent modules to produce an
310 executable, regardless of the license terms of these independent modules, and to
311 copy and distribute the resulting executable under terms of your choice,
312 provided that you also meet, for each linked independent module, the terms and
313 conditions of the license of that module. An independent module is a module
314 which is not derived from or based on this library. If you modify this library,
315 you may extend this exception to your version of the library, but you are not
316 obligated to do so. If you do not wish to do so, delete this exception statement