Move /var/svc/log to /var/log/svc

[unleashed/lotheac.git] / usr / src / cmd / lofiadm / main.c

/*
 * CDDL HEADER START
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
 * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
 * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *
 * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
 * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
 * and limitations under the License.
 *
 * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
 * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
 * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
 * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
 * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
 *
 * CDDL HEADER END
 */
/*
 * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 * Use is subject to license terms.
 * Copyright 2012 Joyent, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 *
 * Copyright 2013 Nexenta Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2014 Gary Mills
 * Copyright (c) 2016 Andrey Sokolov
 */

/*
 * lofiadm - administer lofi(7d). Very simple, add and remove file<->device
 * associations, and display status. All the ioctls are private between
 * lofi and lofiadm, and so are very simple - device information is
 * communicated via a minor number.
 */

#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/param.h>
#include <sys/lofi.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <sys/modctl.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stropts.h>
#include <libdevinfo.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <dlfcn.h>
#include <limits.h>
#include <security/cryptoki.h>
#include <cryptoutil.h>
#include <sys/crypto/ioctl.h>
#include <sys/crypto/ioctladmin.h>
#include <sys/cmlb.h>
#include <sys/mkdev.h>
#include "utils.h"
#include <LzmaEnc.h>

/* Only need the IV len #defines out of these files, nothing else. */
#include <aes/aes_impl.h>
#include <des/des_impl.h>
#include <blowfish/blowfish_impl.h>

static const char USAGE[] =
        "Usage: %s [-r] [-l] -a file [ device ]\n"
        "       %s [-r] -c crypto_algorithm -a file [device]\n"
        "       %s [-r] -c crypto_algorithm -k raw_key_file -a file [device]\n"
        "       %s [-r] -c crypto_algorithm -T [token]:[manuf]:[serial]:key "
        "-a file [device]\n"
        "       %s [-r] -c crypto_algorithm -T [token]:[manuf]:[serial]:key "
        "-k wrapped_key_file -a file [device]\n"
        "       %s [-r] -c crypto_algorithm -e -a file [device]\n"
        "       %s -d file | device\n"
        "       %s -C [gzip|gzip-6|gzip-9|lzma] [-s segment_size] file\n"
        "       %s -U file\n"
        "       %s [ file | device ]\n";

typedef struct token_spec {
        char    *name;
        char    *mfr;
        char    *serno;
        char    *key;
} token_spec_t;

typedef struct mech_alias {
        char    *alias;
        CK_MECHANISM_TYPE type;
        char    *name;          /* for ioctl */
        char    *iv_name;       /* for ioctl */
        size_t  iv_len;         /* for ioctl */
        iv_method_t iv_type;    /* for ioctl */
        size_t  min_keysize;    /* in bytes */
        size_t  max_keysize;    /* in bytes */
        token_spec_t *token;
        CK_SLOT_ID slot;
} mech_alias_t;

static mech_alias_t mech_aliases[] = {
        /* Preferred one should always be listed first. */
        { "aes-256-cbc", CKM_AES_CBC, "CKM_AES_CBC", "CKM_AES_ECB", AES_IV_LEN,
            IVM_ENC_BLKNO, ULONG_MAX, 0L, NULL, (CK_SLOT_ID) -1 },
        { "aes-192-cbc", CKM_AES_CBC, "CKM_AES_CBC", "CKM_AES_ECB", AES_IV_LEN,
            IVM_ENC_BLKNO, ULONG_MAX, 0L, NULL, (CK_SLOT_ID) -1 },
        { "aes-128-cbc", CKM_AES_CBC, "CKM_AES_CBC", "CKM_AES_ECB", AES_IV_LEN,
            IVM_ENC_BLKNO, ULONG_MAX, 0L, NULL, (CK_SLOT_ID) -1 },
        { "des3-cbc", CKM_DES3_CBC, "CKM_DES3_CBC", "CKM_DES3_ECB", DES_IV_LEN,
            IVM_ENC_BLKNO, ULONG_MAX, 0L, NULL, (CK_SLOT_ID)-1 },
        { "blowfish-cbc", CKM_BLOWFISH_CBC, "CKM_BLOWFISH_CBC",
            "CKM_BLOWFISH_ECB", BLOWFISH_IV_LEN, IVM_ENC_BLKNO, ULONG_MAX,
            0L, NULL, (CK_SLOT_ID)-1 }
        /*
         * A cipher without an iv requirement would look like this:
         * { "aes-xex", CKM_AES_XEX, "CKM_AES_XEX", NULL, 0,
         *    IVM_NONE, ULONG_MAX, 0L, NULL, (CK_SLOT_ID)-1 }
         */
};

int     mech_aliases_count = (sizeof (mech_aliases) / sizeof (mech_alias_t));

/* Preferred cipher, if one isn't specified on command line. */
#define DEFAULT_CIPHER  (&mech_aliases[0])

#define DEFAULT_CIPHER_NUM      64      /* guess # kernel ciphers available */
#define DEFAULT_MECHINFO_NUM    16      /* guess # kernel mechs available */
#define MIN_PASSLEN             8       /* min acceptable passphrase size */

static int gzip_compress(void *src, size_t srclen, void *dst,
        size_t *destlen, int level);
static int lzma_compress(void *src, size_t srclen, void *dst,
        size_t *destlen, int level);

lofi_compress_info_t lofi_compress_table[LOFI_COMPRESS_FUNCTIONS] = {
        {NULL,                  gzip_compress,  6,      "gzip"}, /* default */
        {NULL,                  gzip_compress,  6,      "gzip-6"},
        {NULL,                  gzip_compress,  9,      "gzip-9"},
        {NULL,                  lzma_compress,  0,      "lzma"}
};

/* For displaying lofi mappings */
#define FORMAT                  "%-20s     %-30s        %s\n"

#define COMPRESS_ALGORITHM      "gzip"
#define COMPRESS_THRESHOLD      2048
#define SEGSIZE                 131072
#define BLOCK_SIZE              512
#define KILOBYTE                1024
#define MEGABYTE                (KILOBYTE * KILOBYTE)
#define GIGABYTE                (KILOBYTE * MEGABYTE)
#define LIBZ                    "libz.so.1"

const char lofi_crypto_magic[6] = LOFI_CRYPTO_MAGIC;

static void
usage(const char *pname)
{
        (void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(USAGE), pname, pname, pname,
            pname, pname, pname, pname, pname, pname, pname);
        exit(E_USAGE);
}

static int
gzip_compress(void *src, size_t srclen, void *dst, size_t *dstlen, int level)
{
        static int (*compress2p)(void *, ulong_t *, void *, size_t, int) = NULL;
        void *libz_hdl = NULL;

        /*
         * The first time we are called, attempt to dlopen()
         * libz.so.1 and get a pointer to the compress2() function
         */
        if (compress2p == NULL) {
                if ((libz_hdl = openlib(LIBZ)) == NULL)
                        die(gettext("could not find %s. "
                            "gzip compression unavailable\n"), LIBZ);

                if ((compress2p =
                    (int (*)(void *, ulong_t *, void *, size_t, int))
                    dlsym(libz_hdl, "compress2")) == NULL) {
                        closelib();
                        die(gettext("could not find the correct %s. "
                            "gzip compression unavailable\n"), LIBZ);
                }
        }

        if ((*compress2p)(dst, (ulong_t *)dstlen, src, srclen, level) != 0)
                return (-1);
        return (0);
}

/*ARGSUSED*/
static void
*SzAlloc(void *p, size_t size)
{
        return (malloc(size));
}

/*ARGSUSED*/
static void
SzFree(void *p, void *address, size_t size)
{
        free(address);
}

static ISzAlloc g_Alloc = {
        SzAlloc,
        SzFree
};

#define LZMA_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE  8
#define LZMA_HEADER_SIZE (LZMA_PROPS_SIZE + LZMA_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE)

/*ARGSUSED*/
static int
lzma_compress(void *src, size_t srclen, void *dst,
    size_t *dstlen, int level)
{
        CLzmaEncProps props;
        size_t outsize2;
        size_t outsizeprocessed;
        size_t outpropssize = LZMA_PROPS_SIZE;
        uint64_t t = 0;
        SRes res;
        Byte *dstp;
        int i;

        outsize2 = *dstlen;

        LzmaEncProps_Init(&props);

        /*
         * The LZMA compressed file format is as follows -
         *
         * Offset Size(bytes) Description
         * 0            1       LZMA properties (lc, lp, lp (encoded))
         * 1            4       Dictionary size (little endian)
         * 5            8       Uncompressed size (little endian)
         * 13                   Compressed data
         */

        /* set the dictionary size to be 8MB */
        props.dictSize = 1 << 23;

        if (*dstlen < LZMA_HEADER_SIZE)
                return (SZ_ERROR_OUTPUT_EOF);

        dstp = (Byte *)dst;
        t = srclen;
        /*
         * Set the uncompressed size in the LZMA header
         * The LZMA properties (specified in 'props')
         * will be set by the call to LzmaEncode()
         */
        for (i = 0; i < LZMA_UNCOMPRESSED_SIZE; i++, t >>= 8) {
                dstp[LZMA_PROPS_SIZE + i] = (Byte)t;
        }

        outsizeprocessed = outsize2 - LZMA_HEADER_SIZE;
        res = LzmaEncode(dstp + LZMA_HEADER_SIZE, &outsizeprocessed,
            src, srclen, &props, dstp, &outpropssize, 0, NULL,
            &g_Alloc, &g_Alloc);

        if (res != 0)
                return (-1);

        *dstlen = outsizeprocessed + LZMA_HEADER_SIZE;
        return (0);
}

/*
 * Translate a lofi device name to a minor number. We might be asked
 * to do this when there is no association (such as when the user specifies
 * a particular device), so we can only look at the string.
 */
static int
name_to_minor(const char *devicename)
{
        struct stat st;

        /*
         * If devicename does not exist, then devicename contains
         * the name of the device to be created.
         * Note we only allow non-labeled devices here.
         */
        if (stat(devicename, &st)) {
                int minor, rv;

                rv = sscanf(devicename, "/dev/" LOFI_BLOCK_NAME "/%d", &minor);
                if (rv == 1)
                        return (minor);
                rv = sscanf(devicename, "/dev/" LOFI_CHAR_NAME "/%d", &minor);
                if (rv == 1)
                        return (minor);

                return (0);
        }

        /*
         * For disk devices we use modctl(MODGETNAME) to read driver name
         * for major device.
         */
        if (st.st_mode & S_IFCHR || st.st_mode & S_IFBLK) {
                major_t maj;
                char mname[MODMAXNAMELEN];

                maj = major(st.st_rdev);

                if (modctl(MODGETNAME, mname,  MODMAXNAMELEN, &maj) == 0) {
                        if (strncmp(mname, LOFI_DRIVER_NAME,
                            sizeof (LOFI_DRIVER_NAME)) == 0) {
                                return (LOFI_MINOR2ID(minor(st.st_rdev)));
                        }
                }
        }

        return (0);
}

/*
 * This might be the first time we've used this minor number. If so,
 * it might also be that the /dev links are in the process of being created
 * by devfsadmd (or that they'll be created "soon"). We cannot return
 * until they're there or the invoker of lofiadm might try to use them
 * and not find them. This can happen if a shell script is running on
 * an MP.
 */
static int sleeptime = 2;       /* number of seconds to sleep between stat's */
static int maxsleep = 120;      /* maximum number of seconds to sleep */

static void
make_blkdevname(struct lofi_ioctl *li, char *path, size_t len)
{
        char *r1, *r2;
        size_t l1;

        if (li->li_devpath[0] == '\0') {
                if (li->li_labeled)
                        (void) strlcpy(path, "unknown", len);
                else
                        (void) snprintf(path, len,
                            "/dev/" LOFI_BLOCK_NAME "/%d", li->li_id);
                return;
        }
        (void) strlcpy(path, li->li_devpath, len);
        r1 = strchr(path, 'r');
        l1 = r1 - path;
        r2 = strchr(li->li_devpath, 'r');
        (void) strlcpy(r1, r2+1, len - l1);

        if (li->li_labeled) {
                (void) strlcat(path, "p0", len);
        }
}

static void
wait_until_dev_complete(struct lofi_ioctl *li)
{
        struct stat buf;
        int     cursleep;
        char    blkpath[MAXPATHLEN];
        char    charpath[MAXPATHLEN];
        di_devlink_handle_t hdl;

        make_blkdevname(li, blkpath, sizeof (blkpath));
        (void) strlcpy(charpath, li->li_devpath, sizeof (charpath));

        if (li->li_labeled) {
                (void) strlcat(charpath, "p0", sizeof (charpath));
        }

        /* Check if links already present */
        if (stat(blkpath, &buf) == 0 && stat(charpath, &buf) == 0)
                return;

        /* First use di_devlink_init() */
        if (hdl = di_devlink_init("lofi", DI_MAKE_LINK)) {
                (void) di_devlink_fini(&hdl);
                goto out;
        }

        /*
         * Under normal conditions, di_devlink_init(DI_MAKE_LINK) above will
         * only fail if the caller is non-root. In that case, wait for
         * link creation via sysevents.
         */
        for (cursleep = 0; cursleep < maxsleep; cursleep += sleeptime) {
                if (stat(blkpath, &buf) == 0 && stat(charpath, &buf) == 0)
                        return;
                (void) sleep(sleeptime);
        }

        /* one last try */
out:
        if (stat(blkpath, &buf) == -1) {
                die(gettext("%s was not created"), blkpath);
        }
        if (stat(charpath, &buf) == -1) {
                die(gettext("%s was not created"), charpath);
        }
}

/*
 * Map the file and return the minor number the driver picked for the file
 * DO NOT use this function if the filename is actually the device name.
 */
static int
lofi_map_file(int lfd, struct lofi_ioctl *li, const char *filename)
{
        int     minor;

        li->li_id = 0;
        (void) strlcpy(li->li_filename, filename, sizeof (li->li_filename));
        minor = ioctl(lfd, LOFI_MAP_FILE, li);
        if (minor == -1) {
                if (errno == ENOTSUP)
                        warn(gettext("encrypting compressed files is "
                            "unsupported"));
                die(gettext("could not map file %s"), filename);
        }
        wait_until_dev_complete(li);
        return (minor);
}

/*
 * Add a device association. If devicename is NULL, let the driver
 * pick a device.
 */
static void
add_mapping(int lfd, const char *devicename, const char *filename,
    mech_alias_t *cipher, const char *rkey, size_t rksz, boolean_t rdonly,
    boolean_t label)
{
        struct lofi_ioctl li;

        bzero(&li, sizeof (li));
        li.li_readonly = rdonly;
        li.li_labeled = label;

        li.li_crypto_enabled = B_FALSE;
        if (cipher != NULL) {
                /* set up encryption for mapped file */
                li.li_crypto_enabled = B_TRUE;
                (void) strlcpy(li.li_cipher, cipher->name,
                    sizeof (li.li_cipher));
                if (rksz > sizeof (li.li_key)) {
                        die(gettext("key too large"));
                }
                bcopy(rkey, li.li_key, rksz);
                li.li_key_len = rksz << 3;      /* convert to bits */

                li.li_iv_type = cipher->iv_type;
                li.li_iv_len = cipher->iv_len;  /* 0 when no iv needed */
                switch (cipher->iv_type) {
                case IVM_ENC_BLKNO:
                        (void) strlcpy(li.li_iv_cipher, cipher->iv_name,
                            sizeof (li.li_iv_cipher));
                        break;
                case IVM_NONE:
                        /* FALLTHROUGH */
                default:
                        break;
                }
        }

        if (devicename == NULL) {
                int     minor;
                char    path[MAXPATHLEN];

                /* pick one via the driver */
                minor = lofi_map_file(lfd, &li, filename);
                if (minor > 0) {
                        make_blkdevname(&li, path, sizeof (path));

                        /* if mapping succeeds, print the one picked */
                        (void) printf("%s\n", path);
                }
                return;
        }

        /* use device we were given */
        li.li_id = name_to_minor(devicename);
        if (li.li_id == 0) {
                die(gettext("malformed device name %s\n"), devicename);
        }
        (void) strlcpy(li.li_filename, filename, sizeof (li.li_filename));

        /* if device is already in use li.li_minor won't change */
        if (ioctl(lfd, LOFI_MAP_FILE_MINOR, &li) == -1) {
                if (errno == ENOTSUP)
                        warn(gettext("encrypting compressed files is "
                            "unsupported"));
                die(gettext("could not map file %s to %s"), filename,
                    devicename);
        }
        wait_until_dev_complete(&li);
}

/*
 * Remove an association. Delete by device name if non-NULL, or by
 * filename otherwise.
 */
static void
delete_mapping(int lfd, const char *devicename, const char *filename,
    boolean_t force)
{
        struct lofi_ioctl li;

        li.li_force = force;
        li.li_cleanup = B_FALSE;

        if (devicename == NULL) {
                /* delete by filename */
                (void) strlcpy(li.li_filename, filename,
                    sizeof (li.li_filename));
                li.li_id = 0;
                if (ioctl(lfd, LOFI_UNMAP_FILE, &li) == -1) {
                        die(gettext("could not unmap file %s"), filename);
                }
                return;
        }

        /* delete by device */
        li.li_id = name_to_minor(devicename);
        if (li.li_id == 0) {
                die(gettext("malformed device name %s\n"), devicename);
        }
        if (ioctl(lfd, LOFI_UNMAP_FILE_MINOR, &li) == -1) {
                die(gettext("could not unmap device %s"), devicename);
        }
}

/*
 * Show filename given devicename, or devicename given filename.
 */
static void
print_one_mapping(int lfd, const char *devicename, const char *filename)
{
        struct lofi_ioctl li;
        char blkpath[MAXPATHLEN];

        if (devicename == NULL) {
                /* given filename, print devicename */
                li.li_id = 0;
                (void) strlcpy(li.li_filename, filename,
                    sizeof (li.li_filename));
                if (ioctl(lfd, LOFI_GET_MINOR, &li) == -1) {
                        die(gettext("could not find device for %s"), filename);
                }
                make_blkdevname(&li, blkpath, sizeof (blkpath));
                (void) printf("%s\n", blkpath);
                return;
        }

        /* given devicename, print filename */
        li.li_id = name_to_minor(devicename);
        if (li.li_id == 0) {
                die(gettext("malformed device name %s\n"), devicename);
        }
        if (ioctl(lfd, LOFI_GET_FILENAME, &li) == -1) {
                die(gettext("could not find filename for %s"), devicename);
        }
        (void) printf("%s\n", li.li_filename);
}

/*
 * Print the list of all the mappings, including a header.
 */
static void
print_mappings(int fd)
{
        struct lofi_ioctl li;
        int     minor;
        int     maxminor;
        char    path[MAXPATHLEN];
        char    options[MAXPATHLEN] = { 0 };

        li.li_id = 0;
        if (ioctl(fd, LOFI_GET_MAXMINOR, &li) == -1) {
                die("ioctl");
        }
        maxminor = li.li_id;

        (void) printf(FORMAT, gettext("Block Device"), gettext("File"),
            gettext("Options"));
        for (minor = 1; minor <= maxminor; minor++) {
                li.li_id = minor;
                if (ioctl(fd, LOFI_GET_FILENAME, &li) == -1) {
                        if (errno == ENXIO)
                                continue;
                        warn("ioctl");
                        break;
                }
                make_blkdevname(&li, path, sizeof (path));

                options[0] = '\0';

                /*
                 * Encrypted lofi and compressed lofi are mutually exclusive.
                 */
                if (li.li_crypto_enabled)
                        (void) snprintf(options, sizeof (options),
                            gettext("Encrypted"));
                else if (li.li_algorithm[0] != '\0')
                        (void) snprintf(options, sizeof (options),
                            gettext("Compressed(%s)"), li.li_algorithm);
                if (li.li_readonly) {
                        if (strlen(options) != 0) {
                                (void) strlcat(options, ",Readonly",
                                    sizeof (options));
                        } else {
                                (void) snprintf(options, sizeof (options),
                                    gettext("Readonly"));
                        }
                }
                if (li.li_labeled) {
                        if (strlen(options) != 0) {
                                (void) strlcat(options, ",Labeled",
                                    sizeof (options));
                        } else {
                                (void) snprintf(options, sizeof (options),
                                    gettext("Labeled"));
                        }
                }
                if (strlen(options) == 0)
                        (void) snprintf(options, sizeof (options), "-");

                (void) printf(FORMAT, path, li.li_filename, options);
        }
}

/*
 * Verify the cipher selected by user.
 */
static mech_alias_t *
ciph2mech(const char *alias)
{
        int     i;

        for (i = 0; i < mech_aliases_count; i++) {
                if (strcasecmp(alias, mech_aliases[i].alias) == 0)
                        return (&mech_aliases[i]);
        }
        return (NULL);
}

/*
 * Verify user selected cipher is also available in kernel.
 *
 * While traversing kernel list of mechs, if the cipher is supported in the
 * kernel for both encryption and decryption, it also picks up the min/max
 * key size.
 */
static boolean_t
kernel_cipher_check(mech_alias_t *cipher)
{
        boolean_t ciph_ok = B_FALSE;
        boolean_t iv_ok = B_FALSE;
        int     i;
        int     count;
        crypto_get_mechanism_list_t *kciphers = NULL;
        crypto_get_all_mechanism_info_t *kinfo = NULL;
        int     fd = -1;
        size_t  keymin;
        size_t  keymax;

        /* if cipher doesn't need iv generating mech, bypass that check now */
        if (cipher->iv_name == NULL)
                iv_ok = B_TRUE;

        /* allocate some space for the list of kernel ciphers */
        count = DEFAULT_CIPHER_NUM;
        kciphers = malloc(sizeof (crypto_get_mechanism_list_t) +
            sizeof (crypto_mech_name_t) * (count - 1));
        if (kciphers == NULL)
                die(gettext("failed to allocate memory for list of "
                    "kernel mechanisms"));
        kciphers->ml_count = count;

        /* query crypto device to get list of kernel ciphers */
        if ((fd = open("/dev/crypto", O_RDWR)) == -1) {
                warn(gettext("failed to open %s"), "/dev/crypto");
                goto kcc_out;
        }

        if (ioctl(fd, CRYPTO_GET_MECHANISM_LIST, kciphers) == -1) {
                warn(gettext("CRYPTO_GET_MECHANISM_LIST ioctl failed"));
                goto kcc_out;
        }

        if (kciphers->ml_return_value == CRYPTO_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL) {
                count = kciphers->ml_count;
                free(kciphers);
                kciphers = malloc(sizeof (crypto_get_mechanism_list_t) +
                    sizeof (crypto_mech_name_t) * (count - 1));
                if (kciphers == NULL) {
                        warn(gettext("failed to allocate memory for list of "
                            "kernel mechanisms"));
                        goto kcc_out;
                }
                kciphers->ml_count = count;

                if (ioctl(fd, CRYPTO_GET_MECHANISM_LIST, kciphers) == -1) {
                        warn(gettext("CRYPTO_GET_MECHANISM_LIST ioctl failed"));
                        goto kcc_out;
                }
        }

        if (kciphers->ml_return_value != CRYPTO_SUCCESS) {
                warn(gettext(
                    "CRYPTO_GET_MECHANISM_LIST ioctl return value = %d\n"),
                    kciphers->ml_return_value);
                goto kcc_out;
        }

        /*
         * scan list of kernel ciphers looking for the selected one and if
         * it needs an iv generated using another cipher, also look for that
         * additional cipher to be used for generating the iv
         */
        count = kciphers->ml_count;
        for (i = 0; i < count && !(ciph_ok && iv_ok); i++) {
                if (!ciph_ok &&
                    strcasecmp(cipher->name, kciphers->ml_list[i]) == 0)
                        ciph_ok = B_TRUE;
                if (!iv_ok &&
                    strcasecmp(cipher->iv_name, kciphers->ml_list[i]) == 0)
                        iv_ok = B_TRUE;
        }
        free(kciphers);
        kciphers = NULL;

        if (!ciph_ok)
                warn(gettext("%s mechanism not supported in kernel\n"),
                    cipher->name);
        if (!iv_ok)
                warn(gettext("%s mechanism not supported in kernel\n"),
                    cipher->iv_name);

        if (ciph_ok) {
                /* Get the details about the user selected cipher */
                count = DEFAULT_MECHINFO_NUM;
                kinfo = malloc(sizeof (crypto_get_all_mechanism_info_t) +
                    sizeof (crypto_mechanism_info_t) * (count - 1));
                if (kinfo == NULL) {
                        warn(gettext("failed to allocate memory for "
                            "kernel mechanism info"));
                        goto kcc_out;
                }
                kinfo->mi_count = count;
                (void) strlcpy(kinfo->mi_mechanism_name, cipher->name,
                    CRYPTO_MAX_MECH_NAME);

                if (ioctl(fd, CRYPTO_GET_ALL_MECHANISM_INFO, kinfo) == -1) {
                        warn(gettext(
                            "CRYPTO_GET_ALL_MECHANISM_INFO ioctl failed"));
                        goto kcc_out;
                }

                if (kinfo->mi_return_value == CRYPTO_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL) {
                        count = kinfo->mi_count;
                        free(kinfo);
                        kinfo = malloc(
                            sizeof (crypto_get_all_mechanism_info_t) +
                            sizeof (crypto_mechanism_info_t) * (count - 1));
                        if (kinfo == NULL) {
                                warn(gettext("failed to allocate memory for "
                                    "kernel mechanism info"));
                                goto kcc_out;
                        }
                        kinfo->mi_count = count;
                        (void) strlcpy(kinfo->mi_mechanism_name, cipher->name,
                            CRYPTO_MAX_MECH_NAME);

                        if (ioctl(fd, CRYPTO_GET_ALL_MECHANISM_INFO, kinfo) ==
                            -1) {
                                warn(gettext("CRYPTO_GET_ALL_MECHANISM_INFO "
                                    "ioctl failed"));
                                goto kcc_out;
                        }
                }

                if (kinfo->mi_return_value != CRYPTO_SUCCESS) {
                        warn(gettext("CRYPTO_GET_ALL_MECHANISM_INFO ioctl "
                            "return value = %d\n"), kinfo->mi_return_value);
                        goto kcc_out;
                }

                /* Set key min and max size */
                count = kinfo->mi_count;
                i = 0;
                if (i < count) {
                        keymin = kinfo->mi_list[i].mi_min_key_size;
                        keymax = kinfo->mi_list[i].mi_max_key_size;
                        if (kinfo->mi_list[i].mi_keysize_unit &
                            CRYPTO_KEYSIZE_UNIT_IN_BITS) {
                                keymin = CRYPTO_BITS2BYTES(keymin);
                                keymax = CRYPTO_BITS2BYTES(keymax);

                        }
                        cipher->min_keysize = keymin;
                        cipher->max_keysize = keymax;
                }
                free(kinfo);
                kinfo = NULL;

                if (i == count) {
                        (void) close(fd);
                        die(gettext(
                            "failed to find usable %s kernel mechanism, "
                            "use \"cryptoadm list -m\" to find available "
                            "mechanisms\n"),
                            cipher->name);
                }
        }

        /* Note: key min/max, unit size, usage for iv cipher are not checked. */

        return (ciph_ok && iv_ok);

kcc_out:
        free(kinfo);
        free(kciphers);
        if (fd != -1)
                (void) close(fd);
        return (B_FALSE);
}

/*
 * Break up token spec into its components (non-destructive)
 */
static token_spec_t *
parsetoken(char *spec)
{
#define FLD_NAME        0
#define FLD_MANUF       1
#define FLD_SERIAL      2
#define FLD_LABEL       3
#define NFIELDS         4
#define nullfield(i)    ((field[(i)+1] - field[(i)]) <= 1)
#define copyfield(fld, i)       \
                {                                                       \
                        int     n;                                      \
                        (fld) = NULL;                                   \
                        if ((n = (field[(i)+1] - field[(i)])) > 1) {    \
                                if (((fld) = malloc(n)) != NULL) {      \
                                        (void) strncpy((fld), field[(i)], n); \
                                        ((fld))[n - 1] = '\0';          \
                                }                                       \
                        }                                               \
                }

        int     i;
        char    *field[NFIELDS + 1];    /* +1 to catch extra delimiters */
        token_spec_t *ti = NULL;

        if (spec == NULL)
                return (NULL);

        /*
         * Correct format is "[name]:[manuf]:[serial]:key". Can't use
         * strtok because it treats ":::key" and "key:::" and "key" all
         * as the same thing, and we can't have the :s compressed away.
         */
        field[0] = spec;
        for (i = 1; i < NFIELDS + 1; i++) {
                field[i] = strchr(field[i-1], ':');
                if (field[i] == NULL)
                        break;
                field[i]++;
        }
        if (i < NFIELDS)                /* not enough fields */
                return (NULL);
        if (field[NFIELDS] != NULL)     /* too many fields */
                return (NULL);
        field[NFIELDS] = strchr(field[NFIELDS-1], '\0') + 1;

        /* key label can't be empty */
        if (nullfield(FLD_LABEL))
                return (NULL);

        ti = malloc(sizeof (token_spec_t));
        if (ti == NULL)
                return (NULL);

        copyfield(ti->name, FLD_NAME);
        copyfield(ti->mfr, FLD_MANUF);
        copyfield(ti->serno, FLD_SERIAL);
        copyfield(ti->key, FLD_LABEL);

        /*
         * If token specified and it only contains a key label, then
         * search all tokens for the key, otherwise only those with
         * matching name, mfr, and serno are used.
         */
        /*
         * That's how we'd like it to be, however, if only the key label
         * is specified, default to using softtoken.  It's easier.
         */
        if (ti->name == NULL && ti->mfr == NULL && ti->serno == NULL)
                ti->name = strdup(pkcs11_default_token());
        return (ti);
}

/*
 * PBE the passphrase into a raw key
 */
static void
getkeyfromuser(mech_alias_t *cipher, char **raw_key, size_t *raw_key_sz,
    boolean_t with_confirmation)
{
        CK_SESSION_HANDLE sess;
        CK_RV   rv;
        char    *pass = NULL;
        size_t  passlen = 0;
        void    *salt = NULL;   /* don't use NULL, see note on salt below */
        size_t  saltlen = 0;
        CK_KEY_TYPE ktype;
        void    *kvalue;
        size_t  klen;

        /* did init_crypto find a slot that supports this cipher? */
        if (cipher->slot == (CK_SLOT_ID)-1 || cipher->max_keysize == 0) {
                rv = CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID;
                goto cleanup;
        }

        rv = pkcs11_mech2keytype(cipher->type, &ktype);
        if (rv != CKR_OK)
                goto cleanup;

        /*
         * use the passphrase to generate a PBE PKCS#5 secret key and
         * retrieve the raw key data to eventually pass it to the kernel;
         */
        rv = C_OpenSession(cipher->slot, CKF_SERIAL_SESSION, NULL, NULL, &sess);
        if (rv != CKR_OK)
                goto cleanup;

        /* get user passphrase with 8 byte minimum */
        if (pkcs11_get_pass(NULL, &pass, &passlen, MIN_PASSLEN,
            with_confirmation) < 0) {
                die(gettext("passphrases do not match\n"));
        }

        /*
         * salt should not be NULL, or else pkcs11_PasswdToKey() will
         * complain about CKR_MECHANISM_PARAM_INVALID; the following is
         * to make up for not having a salt until a proper one is used
         */
        salt = pass;
        saltlen = passlen;

        klen = cipher->max_keysize;
        rv = pkcs11_PasswdToKey(sess, pass, passlen, salt, saltlen, ktype,
            cipher->max_keysize, &kvalue, &klen);

        (void) C_CloseSession(sess);

        if (rv != CKR_OK) {
                goto cleanup;
        }

        /* assert(klen == cipher->max_keysize); */
        *raw_key_sz = klen;
        *raw_key = (char *)kvalue;
        return;

cleanup:
        die(gettext("failed to generate %s key from passphrase: %s"),
            cipher->alias, pkcs11_strerror(rv));
}

/*
 * Read raw key from file; also handles ephemeral keys.
 */
void
getkeyfromfile(const char *pathname, mech_alias_t *cipher, char **key,
    size_t *ksz)
{
        int     fd;
        struct stat sbuf;
        boolean_t notplain = B_FALSE;
        ssize_t cursz;
        ssize_t nread;

        /* ephemeral keys are just random data */
        if (pathname == NULL) {
                *ksz = cipher->max_keysize;
                *key = malloc(*ksz);
                if (*key == NULL)
                        die(gettext("failed to allocate memory for"
                            " ephemeral key"));
                if (pkcs11_get_urandom(*key, *ksz) < 0) {
                        free(*key);
                        die(gettext("failed to get enough random data"));
                }
                return;
        }

        /*
         * If the remaining section of code didn't also check for secure keyfile
         * permissions and whether the key is within cipher min and max lengths,
         * (or, if those things moved out of this block), we could have had:
         *      if (pkcs11_read_data(pathname, key, ksz) < 0)
         *              handle_error();
         */

        if ((fd = open(pathname, O_RDONLY, 0)) == -1)
                die(gettext("open of keyfile (%s) failed"), pathname);

        if (fstat(fd, &sbuf) == -1)
                die(gettext("fstat of keyfile (%s) failed"), pathname);

        if (S_ISREG(sbuf.st_mode)) {
                if ((sbuf.st_mode & (S_IWGRP | S_IWOTH)) != 0)
                        die(gettext("insecure permissions on keyfile %s\n"),
                            pathname);

                *ksz = sbuf.st_size;
                if (*ksz < cipher->min_keysize || cipher->max_keysize < *ksz) {
                        warn(gettext("%s: invalid keysize: %d\n"),
                            pathname, (int)*ksz);
                        die(gettext("\t%d <= keysize <= %d\n"),
                            cipher->min_keysize, cipher->max_keysize);
                }
        } else {
                *ksz = cipher->max_keysize;
                notplain = B_TRUE;
        }

        *key = malloc(*ksz);
        if (*key == NULL)
                die(gettext("failed to allocate memory for key from file"));

        for (cursz = 0, nread = 0; cursz < *ksz; cursz += nread) {
                nread = read(fd, *key, *ksz);
                if (nread > 0)
                        continue;
                /*
                 * nread == 0.  If it's not a regular file we were trying to
                 * get the maximum keysize of data possible for this cipher.
                 * But if we've got at least the minimum keysize of data,
                 * round down to the nearest keysize unit and call it good.
                 * If we haven't met the minimum keysize, that's an error.
                 * If it's a regular file, nread = 0 is also an error.
                 */
                if (nread == 0 && notplain && cursz >= cipher->min_keysize) {
                        *ksz = (cursz / cipher->min_keysize) *
                            cipher->min_keysize;
                        break;
                }
                die(gettext("%s: can't read all keybytes"), pathname);
        }
        (void) close(fd);
}

/*
 * Read the raw key from token, or from a file that was wrapped with a
 * key from token
 */
void
getkeyfromtoken(CK_SESSION_HANDLE sess,
    token_spec_t *token, const char *keyfile, mech_alias_t *cipher,
    char **raw_key, size_t *raw_key_sz)
{
        CK_RV   rv = CKR_OK;
        CK_BBOOL trueval = B_TRUE;
        CK_OBJECT_CLASS kclass;         /* secret key or RSA private key */
        CK_KEY_TYPE ktype;              /* from selected cipher or CKK_RSA */
        CK_KEY_TYPE raw_ktype;          /* from selected cipher */
        CK_ATTRIBUTE    key_tmpl[] = {
                { CKA_CLASS, NULL, 0 }, /* re-used for token key and unwrap */
                { CKA_KEY_TYPE, NULL, 0 },      /* ditto */
                { CKA_LABEL, NULL, 0 },
                { CKA_TOKEN, NULL, 0 },
                { CKA_PRIVATE, NULL, 0 }
            };
        CK_ULONG attrs = sizeof (key_tmpl) / sizeof (CK_ATTRIBUTE);
        int     i;
        char    *pass = NULL;
        size_t  passlen = 0;
        CK_OBJECT_HANDLE obj, rawobj;
        CK_ULONG num_objs = 1;          /* just want to find 1 token key */
        CK_MECHANISM unwrap = { CKM_RSA_PKCS, NULL, 0 };
        char    *rkey;
        size_t  rksz;

        if (token == NULL || token->key == NULL)
                return;

        /* did init_crypto find a slot that supports this cipher? */
        if (cipher->slot == (CK_SLOT_ID)-1 || cipher->max_keysize == 0) {
                die(gettext("failed to find any cryptographic provider, "
                    "use \"cryptoadm list -p\" to find providers: %s\n"),
                    pkcs11_strerror(CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID));
        }

        if (pkcs11_get_pass(token->name, &pass, &passlen, 0, B_FALSE) < 0)
                die(gettext("unable to get passphrase"));

        /* use passphrase to login to token */
        if (pass != NULL && passlen > 0) {
                rv = C_Login(sess, CKU_USER, (CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR)pass, passlen);
                if (rv != CKR_OK) {
                        die(gettext("cannot login to the token %s: %s\n"),
                            token->name, pkcs11_strerror(rv));
                }
        }

        rv = pkcs11_mech2keytype(cipher->type, &raw_ktype);
        if (rv != CKR_OK) {
                die(gettext("failed to get key type for cipher %s: %s\n"),
                    cipher->name, pkcs11_strerror(rv));
        }

        /*
         * If no keyfile was given, then the token key is secret key to
         * be used for encryption/decryption.  Otherwise, the keyfile
         * contains a wrapped secret key, and the token is actually the
         * unwrapping RSA private key.
         */
        if (keyfile == NULL) {
                kclass = CKO_SECRET_KEY;
                ktype = raw_ktype;
        } else {
                kclass = CKO_PRIVATE_KEY;
                ktype = CKK_RSA;
        }

        /* Find the key in the token first */
        for (i = 0; i < attrs; i++) {
                switch (key_tmpl[i].type) {
                case CKA_CLASS:
                        key_tmpl[i].pValue = &kclass;
                        key_tmpl[i].ulValueLen = sizeof (kclass);
                        break;
                case CKA_KEY_TYPE:
                        key_tmpl[i].pValue = &ktype;
                        key_tmpl[i].ulValueLen = sizeof (ktype);
                        break;
                case CKA_LABEL:
                        key_tmpl[i].pValue = token->key;
                        key_tmpl[i].ulValueLen = strlen(token->key);
                        break;
                case CKA_TOKEN:
                        key_tmpl[i].pValue = &trueval;
                        key_tmpl[i].ulValueLen = sizeof (trueval);
                        break;
                case CKA_PRIVATE:
                        key_tmpl[i].pValue = &trueval;
                        key_tmpl[i].ulValueLen = sizeof (trueval);
                        break;
                default:
                        break;
                }
        }
        rv = C_FindObjectsInit(sess, key_tmpl, attrs);
        if (rv != CKR_OK)
                die(gettext("cannot find key %s: %s\n"), token->key,
                    pkcs11_strerror(rv));
        rv = C_FindObjects(sess, &obj, 1, &num_objs);
        (void) C_FindObjectsFinal(sess);

        if (num_objs == 0) {
                die(gettext("cannot find key %s\n"), token->key);
        } else if (rv != CKR_OK) {
                die(gettext("cannot find key %s: %s\n"), token->key,
                    pkcs11_strerror(rv));
        }

        /*
         * No keyfile means when token key is found, convert it to raw key,
         * and done.  Otherwise still need do an unwrap to create yet another
         * obj and that needs to be converted to raw key before we're done.
         */
        if (keyfile == NULL) {
                /* obj contains raw key, extract it */
                rv = pkcs11_ObjectToKey(sess, obj, (void **)&rkey, &rksz,
                    B_FALSE);
                if (rv != CKR_OK) {
                        die(gettext("failed to get key value for %s"
                            " from token %s, %s\n"), token->key,
                            token->name, pkcs11_strerror(rv));
                }
        } else {
                getkeyfromfile(keyfile, cipher, &rkey, &rksz);

                /*
                 * Got the wrapping RSA obj and the wrapped key from file.
                 * Unwrap the key from file with RSA obj to get rawkey obj.
                 */

                /* re-use the first two attributes of key_tmpl */
                kclass = CKO_SECRET_KEY;
                ktype = raw_ktype;

                rv = C_UnwrapKey(sess, &unwrap, obj, (CK_BYTE_PTR)rkey,
                    rksz, key_tmpl, 2, &rawobj);
                if (rv != CKR_OK) {
                        die(gettext("failed to unwrap key in keyfile %s,"
                            " %s\n"), keyfile, pkcs11_strerror(rv));
                }
                /* rawobj contains raw key, extract it */
                rv = pkcs11_ObjectToKey(sess, rawobj, (void **)&rkey, &rksz,
                    B_TRUE);
                if (rv != CKR_OK) {
                        die(gettext("failed to get unwrapped key value for"
                            " key in keyfile %s, %s\n"), keyfile,
                            pkcs11_strerror(rv));
                }
        }

        /* validate raw key size */
        if (rksz < cipher->min_keysize || cipher->max_keysize < rksz) {
                warn(gettext("%s: invalid keysize: %d\n"), keyfile, (int)rksz);
                die(gettext("\t%d <= keysize <= %d\n"), cipher->min_keysize,
                    cipher->max_keysize);
        }

        *raw_key_sz = rksz;
        *raw_key = (char *)rkey;
}

/*
 * Set up cipher key limits and verify PKCS#11 can be done
 * match_token_cipher is the function pointer used by
 * pkcs11_GetCriteriaSession() init_crypto.
 */
boolean_t
match_token_cipher(CK_SLOT_ID slot_id, void *args, CK_RV *rv)
{
        token_spec_t *token;
        mech_alias_t *cipher;
        CK_TOKEN_INFO tokinfo;
        CK_MECHANISM_INFO mechinfo;
        boolean_t token_match;

        /*
         * While traversing slot list, pick up the following info per slot:
         * - if token specified, whether it matches this slot's token info
         * - if the slot supports the PKCS#5 PBKD2 cipher
         *
         * If the user said on the command line
         *      -T tok:mfr:ser:lab -k keyfile
         *      -c cipher -T tok:mfr:ser:lab -k keyfile
         * the given cipher or the default cipher apply to keyfile,
         * If the user said instead
         *      -T tok:mfr:ser:lab
         *      -c cipher -T tok:mfr:ser:lab
         * the key named "lab" may or may not agree with the given
         * cipher or the default cipher.  In those cases, cipher will
         * be overridden with the actual cipher type of the key "lab".
         */
        *rv = CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED;

        if (args == NULL) {
                return (B_FALSE);
        }

        cipher = (mech_alias_t *)args;
        token = cipher->token;

        if (C_GetMechanismInfo(slot_id, cipher->type, &mechinfo) != CKR_OK) {
                return (B_FALSE);
        }

        if (token == NULL) {
                if (C_GetMechanismInfo(slot_id, CKM_PKCS5_PBKD2, &mechinfo) !=
                    CKR_OK) {
                        return (B_FALSE);
                }
                goto foundit;
        }

        /* does the token match the token spec? */
        if (token->key == NULL || (C_GetTokenInfo(slot_id, &tokinfo) != CKR_OK))
                return (B_FALSE);

        token_match = B_TRUE;

        if (token->name != NULL && (token->name)[0] != '\0' &&
            strncmp((char *)token->name, (char *)tokinfo.label,
            TOKEN_LABEL_SIZE) != 0)
                token_match = B_FALSE;
        if (token->mfr != NULL && (token->mfr)[0] != '\0' &&
            strncmp((char *)token->mfr, (char *)tokinfo.manufacturerID,
            TOKEN_MANUFACTURER_SIZE) != 0)
                token_match = B_FALSE;
        if (token->serno != NULL && (token->serno)[0] != '\0' &&
            strncmp((char *)token->serno, (char *)tokinfo.serialNumber,
            TOKEN_SERIAL_SIZE) != 0)
                token_match = B_FALSE;

        if (!token_match)
                return (B_FALSE);

foundit:
        cipher->slot = slot_id;
        return (B_TRUE);
}

/*
 * Clean up crypto loose ends
 */
static void
end_crypto(CK_SESSION_HANDLE sess)
{
        (void) C_CloseSession(sess);
        (void) C_Finalize(NULL);
}

/*
 * Set up crypto, opening session on slot that matches token and cipher
 */
static void
init_crypto(token_spec_t *token, mech_alias_t *cipher,
    CK_SESSION_HANDLE_PTR sess)
{
        CK_RV   rv;

        cipher->token = token;

        /* Turn off Metaslot so that we can see actual tokens */
        if (setenv("METASLOT_ENABLED", "false", 1) < 0) {
                die(gettext("could not disable Metaslot"));
        }

        rv = pkcs11_GetCriteriaSession(match_token_cipher, (void *)cipher,
            sess);
        if (rv != CKR_OK) {
                end_crypto(*sess);
                if (rv == CKR_HOST_MEMORY) {
                        die("malloc");
                }
                die(gettext("failed to find any cryptographic provider, "
                    "use \"cryptoadm list -p\" to find providers: %s\n"),
                    pkcs11_strerror(rv));
        }
}

/*
 * Uncompress a file.
 *
 * First map the file in to establish a device
 * association, then read from it. On-the-fly
 * decompression will automatically uncompress
 * the file if it's compressed
 *
 * If the file is mapped and a device association
 * has been established, disallow uncompressing
 * the file until it is unmapped.
 */
static void
lofi_uncompress(int lfd, const char *filename)
{
        struct lofi_ioctl li;
        char buf[MAXBSIZE];
        char devicename[32];
        char tmpfilename[MAXPATHLEN];
        char *x;
        char *dir = NULL;
        char *file = NULL;
        int minor = 0;
        struct stat statbuf;
        int compfd = -1;
        int uncompfd = -1;
        ssize_t rbytes;

        /*
         * Disallow uncompressing the file if it is
         * already mapped.
         */
        li.li_crypto_enabled = B_FALSE;
        li.li_id = 0;
        (void) strlcpy(li.li_filename, filename, sizeof (li.li_filename));
        if (ioctl(lfd, LOFI_GET_MINOR, &li) != -1)
                die(gettext("%s must be unmapped before uncompressing"),
                    filename);

        /* Zero length files don't need to be uncompressed */
        if (stat(filename, &statbuf) == -1)
                die(gettext("stat: %s"), filename);
        if (statbuf.st_size == 0)
                return;

        minor = lofi_map_file(lfd, &li, filename);
        (void) snprintf(devicename, sizeof (devicename), "/dev/%s/%d",
            LOFI_BLOCK_NAME, minor);

        /* If the file isn't compressed, we just return */
        if ((ioctl(lfd, LOFI_CHECK_COMPRESSED, &li) == -1) ||
            (li.li_algorithm[0] == '\0')) {
                delete_mapping(lfd, devicename, filename, B_TRUE);
                die("%s is not compressed\n", filename);
        }

        if ((compfd = open(devicename, O_RDONLY | O_NONBLOCK)) == -1) {
                delete_mapping(lfd, devicename, filename, B_TRUE);
                die(gettext("open: %s"), filename);
        }
        /* Create a temp file in the same directory */
        x = strdup(filename);
        dir = strdup(dirname(x));
        free(x);
        x = strdup(filename);
        file = strdup(basename(x));
        free(x);
        (void) snprintf(tmpfilename, sizeof (tmpfilename),
            "%s/.%sXXXXXX", dir, file);
        free(dir);
        free(file);

        if ((uncompfd = mkstemp(tmpfilename)) == -1) {
                (void) close(compfd);
                delete_mapping(lfd, devicename, filename, B_TRUE);
                die("%s could not be uncompressed\n", filename);
        }

        /*
         * Set the mode bits and the owner of this temporary
         * file to be that of the original uncompressed file
         */
        (void) fchmod(uncompfd, statbuf.st_mode);

        if (fchown(uncompfd, statbuf.st_uid, statbuf.st_gid) == -1) {
                (void) close(compfd);
                (void) close(uncompfd);
                delete_mapping(lfd, devicename, filename, B_TRUE);
                die("%s could not be uncompressed\n", filename);
        }

        /* Now read from the device in MAXBSIZE-sized chunks */
        for (;;) {
                rbytes = read(compfd, buf, sizeof (buf));

                if (rbytes <= 0)
                        break;

                if (write(uncompfd, buf, rbytes) != rbytes) {
                        rbytes = -1;
                        break;
                }
        }

        (void) close(compfd);
        (void) close(uncompfd);

        /* Delete the mapping */
        delete_mapping(lfd, devicename, filename, B_TRUE);

        /*
         * If an error occured while reading or writing, rbytes will
         * be negative
         */
        if (rbytes < 0) {
                (void) unlink(tmpfilename);
                die(gettext("could not read from %s"), filename);
        }

        /* Rename the temp file to the actual file */
        if (rename(tmpfilename, filename) == -1)
                (void) unlink(tmpfilename);
}

/*
 * Compress a file
 */
static void
lofi_compress(int *lfd, const char *filename, int compress_index,
    uint32_t segsize)
{
        struct lofi_ioctl lic;
        lofi_compress_info_t *li;
        struct flock lock;
        char tmpfilename[MAXPATHLEN];
        char comp_filename[MAXPATHLEN];
        char algorithm[MAXALGLEN];
        char *x;
        char *dir = NULL, *file = NULL;
        uchar_t *uncompressed_seg = NULL;
        uchar_t *compressed_seg = NULL;
        uint32_t compressed_segsize;
        uint32_t len_compressed, count;
        uint32_t index_entries, index_sz;
        uint64_t *index = NULL;
        uint64_t offset;
        size_t real_segsize;
        struct stat statbuf;
        int compfd = -1, uncompfd = -1;
        int tfd = -1;
        ssize_t rbytes, wbytes, lastread;
        int i, type;

        /*
         * Disallow compressing the file if it is
         * already mapped
         */
        lic.li_id = 0;
        (void) strlcpy(lic.li_filename, filename, sizeof (lic.li_filename));
        if (ioctl(*lfd, LOFI_GET_MINOR, &lic) != -1)
                die(gettext("%s must be unmapped before compressing"),
                    filename);

        /*
         * Close the control device so other operations
         * can use it
         */
        (void) close(*lfd);
        *lfd = -1;

        li = &lofi_compress_table[compress_index];

        /*
         * The size of the buffer to hold compressed data must
         * be slightly larger than the compressed segment size.
         *
         * The compress functions use part of the buffer as
         * scratch space to do calculations.
         * Ref: http://www.zlib.net/manual.html#compress2
         */
        compressed_segsize = segsize + (segsize >> 6);
        compressed_seg = (uchar_t *)malloc(compressed_segsize + SEGHDR);
        uncompressed_seg = (uchar_t *)malloc(segsize);

        if (compressed_seg == NULL || uncompressed_seg == NULL)
                die(gettext("No memory"));

        if ((uncompfd = open(filename, O_RDWR, 0)) == -1)
                die(gettext("open: %s"), filename);

        lock.l_type = F_WRLCK;
        lock.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
        lock.l_start = 0;
        lock.l_len = 0;

        /*
         * Use an advisory lock to ensure that only a
         * single lofiadm process compresses a given
         * file at any given time
         *
         * A close on the file descriptor automatically
         * closes all lock state on the file
         */
        if (fcntl(uncompfd, F_SETLKW, &lock) == -1)
                die(gettext("fcntl: %s"), filename);

        if (fstat(uncompfd, &statbuf) == -1) {
                (void) close(uncompfd);
                die(gettext("fstat: %s"), filename);
        }

        /* Zero length files don't need to be compressed */
        if (statbuf.st_size == 0) {
                (void) close(uncompfd);
                return;
        }

        /*
         * Create temporary files in the same directory that
         * will hold the intermediate data
         */
        x = strdup(filename);
        dir = strdup(dirname(x));
        free(x);
        x = strdup(filename);
        file = strdup(basename(x));
        free(x);
        (void) snprintf(tmpfilename, sizeof (tmpfilename),
            "%s/.%sXXXXXX", dir, file);
        (void) snprintf(comp_filename, sizeof (comp_filename),
            "%s/.%sXXXXXX", dir, file);
        free(dir);
        free(file);

        if ((tfd = mkstemp(tmpfilename)) == -1)
                goto cleanup;

        if ((compfd = mkstemp(comp_filename)) == -1)
                goto cleanup;

        /*
         * Set the mode bits and owner of the compressed
         * file to be that of the original uncompressed file
         */
        (void) fchmod(compfd, statbuf.st_mode);

        if (fchown(compfd, statbuf.st_uid, statbuf.st_gid) == -1)
                goto cleanup;

        /*
         * Calculate the number of index entries required.
         * index entries are stored as an array. adding
         * a '2' here accounts for the fact that the last
         * segment may not be a multiple of the segment size
         */
        index_sz = (statbuf.st_size / segsize) + 2;
        index = malloc(sizeof (*index) * index_sz);

        if (index == NULL)
                goto cleanup;

        offset = 0;
        lastread = segsize;
        count = 0;

        /*
         * Now read from the uncompressed file in 'segsize'
         * sized chunks, compress what was read in and
         * write it out to a temporary file
         */
        for (;;) {
                rbytes = read(uncompfd, uncompressed_seg, segsize);

                if (rbytes <= 0)
                        break;

                if (lastread < segsize)
                        goto cleanup;

                /*
                 * Account for the first byte that
                 * indicates whether a segment is
                 * compressed or not
                 */
                real_segsize = segsize - 1;
                (void) li->l_compress(uncompressed_seg, rbytes,
                    compressed_seg + SEGHDR, &real_segsize, li->l_level);

                /*
                 * If the length of the compressed data is more
                 * than a threshold then there isn't any benefit
                 * to be had from compressing this segment - leave
                 * it uncompressed.
                 *
                 * NB. In case an error occurs during compression (above)
                 * the 'real_segsize' isn't changed. The logic below
                 * ensures that that segment is left uncompressed.
                 */
                len_compressed = real_segsize;
                if (segsize <= COMPRESS_THRESHOLD ||
                    real_segsize > (segsize - COMPRESS_THRESHOLD)) {
                        (void) memcpy(compressed_seg + SEGHDR, uncompressed_seg,
                            rbytes);
                        type = UNCOMPRESSED;
                        len_compressed = rbytes;
                } else {
                        type = COMPRESSED;
                }

                /*
                 * Set the first byte or the SEGHDR to
                 * indicate if it's compressed or not
                 */
                *compressed_seg = type;
                wbytes = write(tfd, compressed_seg, len_compressed + SEGHDR);
                if (wbytes != (len_compressed + SEGHDR)) {
                        rbytes = -1;
                        break;
                }

                index[count] = BE_64(offset);
                offset += wbytes;
                lastread = rbytes;
                count++;
        }

        (void) close(uncompfd);

        if (rbytes < 0)
                goto cleanup;
        /*
         * The last index entry is a sentinel entry. It does not point to
         * an actual compressed segment but helps in computing the size of
         * the compressed segment. The size of each compressed segment is
         * computed by subtracting the current index value from the next
         * one (the compressed blocks are stored sequentially)
         */
        index[count++] = BE_64(offset);

        /*
         * Now write the compressed data along with the
         * header information to this file which will
         * later be renamed to the original uncompressed
         * file name
         *
         * The header is as follows -
         *
         * Signature (name of the compression algorithm)
         * Compression segment size (a multiple of 512)
         * Number of index entries
         * Size of the last block
         * The array containing the index entries
         *
         * the header is always stored in network byte
         * order
         */
        (void) bzero(algorithm, sizeof (algorithm));
        (void) strlcpy(algorithm, li->l_name, sizeof (algorithm));
        if (write(compfd, algorithm, sizeof (algorithm))
            != sizeof (algorithm))
                goto cleanup;

        segsize = htonl(segsize);
        if (write(compfd, &segsize, sizeof (segsize)) != sizeof (segsize))
                goto cleanup;

        index_entries = htonl(count);
        if (write(compfd, &index_entries, sizeof (index_entries)) !=
            sizeof (index_entries))
                goto cleanup;

        lastread = htonl(lastread);
        if (write(compfd, &lastread, sizeof (lastread)) != sizeof (lastread))
                goto cleanup;

        for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
                if (write(compfd, index + i, sizeof (*index)) !=
                    sizeof (*index))
                        goto cleanup;
        }

        /* Header is written, now write the compressed data */
        if (lseek(tfd, 0, SEEK_SET) != 0)
                goto cleanup;

        rbytes = wbytes = 0;

        for (;;) {
                rbytes = read(tfd, compressed_seg, compressed_segsize + SEGHDR);

                if (rbytes <= 0)
                        break;

                if (write(compfd, compressed_seg, rbytes) != rbytes)
                        goto cleanup;
        }

        if (fstat(compfd, &statbuf) == -1)
                goto cleanup;

        /*
         * Round up the compressed file size to be a multiple of
         * DEV_BSIZE. lofi(7D) likes it that way.
         */
        if ((offset = statbuf.st_size % DEV_BSIZE) > 0) {

                offset = DEV_BSIZE - offset;

                for (i = 0; i < offset; i++)
                        uncompressed_seg[i] = '\0';
                if (write(compfd, uncompressed_seg, offset) != offset)
                        goto cleanup;
        }
        (void) close(compfd);
        (void) close(tfd);
        (void) unlink(tmpfilename);
cleanup:
        if (rbytes < 0) {
                if (tfd != -1)
                        (void) unlink(tmpfilename);
                if (compfd != -1)
                        (void) unlink(comp_filename);
                die(gettext("error compressing file %s"), filename);
        } else {
                /* Rename the compressed file to the actual file */
                if (rename(comp_filename, filename) == -1) {
                        (void) unlink(comp_filename);
                        die(gettext("error compressing file %s"), filename);
                }
        }
        free(compressed_seg);
        free(uncompressed_seg);
        free(index);
        if (compfd != -1)
                (void) close(compfd);
        if (uncompfd != -1)
                (void) close(uncompfd);
        if (tfd != -1)
                (void) close(tfd);
}

static int
lofi_compress_select(const char *algname)
{
        int i;

        for (i = 0; i < LOFI_COMPRESS_FUNCTIONS; i++) {
                if (strcmp(lofi_compress_table[i].l_name, algname) == 0)
                        return (i);
        }
        return (-1);
}

static void
check_algorithm_validity(const char *algname, int *compress_index)
{
        *compress_index = lofi_compress_select(algname);
        if (*compress_index < 0)
                die(gettext("invalid algorithm name: %s\n"), algname);
}

static void
check_file_validity(const char *filename)
{
        struct stat buf;
        int     error;
        int     fd;

        fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
        if (fd == -1) {
                die(gettext("open: %s"), filename);
        }
        error = fstat(fd, &buf);
        if (error == -1) {
                die(gettext("fstat: %s"), filename);
        } else if (!S_ISLOFIABLE(buf.st_mode)) {
                die(gettext("%s is not a regular file, "
                    "block, or character device\n"),
                    filename);
        } else if ((buf.st_size % DEV_BSIZE) != 0) {
                die(gettext("size of %s is not a multiple of %d\n"),
                    filename, DEV_BSIZE);
        }
        (void) close(fd);

        if (name_to_minor(filename) != 0) {
                die(gettext("cannot use %s on itself\n"), LOFI_DRIVER_NAME);
        }
}

static boolean_t
check_file_is_encrypted(const char *filename)
{
        int     fd;
        char    buf[sizeof (lofi_crypto_magic)];
        int     got;
        int     rest = sizeof (lofi_crypto_magic);

        fd = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
        if (fd == -1)
                die(gettext("failed to open: %s"), filename);

        if (lseek(fd, CRYOFF, SEEK_SET) != CRYOFF)
                die(gettext("failed to seek to offset 0x%lx in file %s"),
                    CRYOFF, filename);

        do {
                got = read(fd, buf + sizeof (lofi_crypto_magic) - rest, rest);
                if ((got == 0) || ((got == -1) && (errno != EINTR)))
                        die(gettext("failed to read crypto header"
                            " at offset 0x%lx in file %s"), CRYOFF, filename);

                if (got > 0)
                        rest -= got;
        } while (rest > 0);

        while (close(fd) == -1) {
                if (errno != EINTR)
                        die(gettext("failed to close file %s"), filename);
        }

        return (strncmp(buf, lofi_crypto_magic,
            sizeof (lofi_crypto_magic)) == 0);
}

static uint32_t
convert_to_num(const char *str)
{
        int len;
        uint32_t segsize, mult = 1;

        len = strlen(str);
        if (len && isalpha(str[len - 1])) {
                switch (str[len - 1]) {
                case 'k':
                case 'K':
                        mult = KILOBYTE;
                        break;
                case 'b':
                case 'B':
                        mult = BLOCK_SIZE;
                        break;
                case 'm':
                case 'M':
                        mult = MEGABYTE;
                        break;
                case 'g':
                case 'G':
                        mult = GIGABYTE;
                        break;
                default:
                        die(gettext("invalid segment size %s\n"), str);
                }
        }

        segsize = atol(str);
        segsize *= mult;

        return (segsize);
}

int
main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
        int     lfd;
        int     c;
        const char *devicename = NULL;
        const char *filename = NULL;
        const char *algname = COMPRESS_ALGORITHM;
        int     openflag;
        int     minor;
        int     compress_index;
        uint32_t segsize = SEGSIZE;
        static char *lofictl = "/dev/" LOFI_CTL_NAME;
        boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
        const char *pname;
        boolean_t errflag = B_FALSE;
        boolean_t addflag = B_FALSE;
        boolean_t labelflag = B_FALSE;
        boolean_t rdflag = B_FALSE;
        boolean_t deleteflag = B_FALSE;
        boolean_t ephflag = B_FALSE;
        boolean_t compressflag = B_FALSE;
        boolean_t uncompressflag = B_FALSE;
        /* the next two work together for -c, -k, -T, -e options only */
        boolean_t need_crypto = B_FALSE;        /* if any -c, -k, -T, -e */
        boolean_t cipher_only = B_TRUE;         /* if -c only */
        const char *keyfile = NULL;
        mech_alias_t *cipher = NULL;
        token_spec_t *token = NULL;
        char    *rkey = NULL;
        size_t  rksz = 0;
        char realfilename[MAXPATHLEN];

        pname = getpname(argv[0]);

        (void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
        (void) textdomain(TEXT_DOMAIN);

        while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "a:c:Cd:efk:lrs:T:U")) != EOF) {
                switch (c) {
                case 'a':
                        addflag = B_TRUE;
                        if ((filename = realpath(optarg, realfilename)) == NULL)
                                die("%s", optarg);
                        if (((argc - optind) > 0) && (*argv[optind] != '-')) {
                                /* optional device */
                                devicename = argv[optind];
                                optind++;
                        }
                        break;
                case 'C':
                        compressflag = B_TRUE;
                        if (((argc - optind) > 1) && (*argv[optind] != '-')) {
                                /* optional algorithm */
                                algname = argv[optind];
                                optind++;
                        }
                        check_algorithm_validity(algname, &compress_index);
                        break;
                case 'c':
                        /* is the chosen cipher allowed? */
                        if ((cipher = ciph2mech(optarg)) == NULL) {
                                errflag = B_TRUE;
                                warn(gettext("cipher %s not allowed\n"),
                                    optarg);
                        }
                        need_crypto = B_TRUE;
                        /* cipher_only is already set */
                        break;
                case 'd':
                        deleteflag = B_TRUE;
                        minor = name_to_minor(optarg);
                        if (minor != 0)
                                devicename = optarg;
                        else {
                                if ((filename = realpath(optarg,
                                    realfilename)) == NULL)
                                        die("%s", optarg);
                        }
                        break;
                case 'e':
                        ephflag = B_TRUE;
                        need_crypto = B_TRUE;
                        cipher_only = B_FALSE;  /* need to unset cipher_only */
                        break;
                case 'f':
                        force = B_TRUE;
                        break;
                case 'k':
                        keyfile = optarg;
                        need_crypto = B_TRUE;
                        cipher_only = B_FALSE;  /* need to unset cipher_only */
                        break;
                case 'l':
                        labelflag = B_TRUE;
                        break;
                case 'r':
                        rdflag = B_TRUE;
                        break;
                case 's':
                        segsize = convert_to_num(optarg);
                        if (segsize < DEV_BSIZE || !ISP2(segsize))
                                die(gettext("segment size %s is invalid "
                                    "or not a multiple of minimum block "
                                    "size %ld\n"), optarg, DEV_BSIZE);
                        break;
                case 'T':
                        if ((token = parsetoken(optarg)) == NULL) {
                                errflag = B_TRUE;
                                warn(
                                    gettext("invalid token key specifier %s\n"),
                                    optarg);
                        }
                        need_crypto = B_TRUE;
                        cipher_only = B_FALSE;  /* need to unset cipher_only */
                        break;
                case 'U':
                        uncompressflag = B_TRUE;
                        break;
                case '?':
                default:
                        errflag = B_TRUE;
                        break;
                }
        }

        /* Check for mutually exclusive combinations of options */
        if (errflag ||
            (addflag && deleteflag) ||
            (labelflag && !addflag) ||
            (rdflag && !addflag) ||
            (!addflag && need_crypto) ||
            (need_crypto && labelflag) ||
            ((compressflag || uncompressflag) &&
            (labelflag || addflag || deleteflag)))
                usage(pname);

        /* ephemeral key, and key from either file or token are incompatible */
        if (ephflag && (keyfile != NULL || token != NULL)) {
                die(gettext("ephemeral key cannot be used with keyfile"
                    " or token key\n"));
        }

        /*
         * "-c" but no "-k", "-T", "-e", or "-T -k" means derive key from
         * command line passphrase
         */

        switch (argc - optind) {
        case 0: /* no more args */
                if (compressflag || uncompressflag)     /* needs filename */
                        usage(pname);
                break;
        case 1:
                if (addflag || deleteflag)
                        usage(pname);
                /* one arg means compress/uncompress the file ... */
                if (compressflag || uncompressflag) {
                        if ((filename = realpath(argv[optind],
                            realfilename)) == NULL)
                                die("%s", argv[optind]);
                /* ... or without options means print the association */
                } else {
                        minor = name_to_minor(argv[optind]);
                        if (minor != 0)
                                devicename = argv[optind];
                        else {
                                if ((filename = realpath(argv[optind],
                                    realfilename)) == NULL)
                                        die("%s", argv[optind]);
                        }
                }
                break;
        default:
                usage(pname);
                break;
        }

        if (addflag || compressflag || uncompressflag)
                check_file_validity(filename);

        if (filename && !valid_abspath(filename))
                exit(E_ERROR);

        /*
         * Here, we know the arguments are correct, the filename is an
         * absolute path, it exists and is a regular file. We don't yet
         * know that the device name is ok or not.
         */

        openflag = O_EXCL;
        if (addflag || deleteflag || compressflag || uncompressflag)
                openflag |= O_RDWR;
        else
                openflag |= O_RDONLY;
        lfd = open(lofictl, openflag);
        if (lfd == -1) {
                if ((errno == EPERM) || (errno == EACCES)) {
                        die(gettext("you do not have permission to perform "
                            "that operation.\n"));
                } else {
                        die(gettext("open: %s"), lofictl);
                }
                /*NOTREACHED*/
        }

        /*
         * No passphrase is needed for ephemeral key, or when key is
         * in a file and not wrapped by another key from a token.
         * However, a passphrase is needed in these cases:
         * 1. cipher with no ephemeral key, key file, or token,
         *    in which case the passphrase is used to build the key
         * 2. token with an optional cipher or optional key file,
         *    in which case the passphrase unlocks the token
         * If only the cipher is specified, reconfirm the passphrase
         * to ensure the user hasn't mis-entered it.  Otherwise, the
         * token will enforce the token passphrase.
         */
        if (need_crypto) {
                CK_SESSION_HANDLE       sess;

                /* pick a cipher if none specified */
                if (cipher == NULL)
                        cipher = DEFAULT_CIPHER;

                if (!kernel_cipher_check(cipher))
                        die(gettext(
                            "use \"cryptoadm list -m\" to find available "
                            "mechanisms\n"));

                init_crypto(token, cipher, &sess);

                if (cipher_only) {
                        getkeyfromuser(cipher, &rkey, &rksz,
                            !check_file_is_encrypted(filename));
                } else if (token != NULL) {
                        getkeyfromtoken(sess, token, keyfile, cipher,
                            &rkey, &rksz);
                } else {
                        /* this also handles ephemeral keys */
                        getkeyfromfile(keyfile, cipher, &rkey, &rksz);
                }

                end_crypto(sess);
        }

        /*
         * Now to the real work.
         */
        if (addflag)
                add_mapping(lfd, devicename, filename, cipher, rkey, rksz,
                    rdflag, labelflag);
        else if (compressflag)
                lofi_compress(&lfd, filename, compress_index, segsize);
        else if (uncompressflag)
                lofi_uncompress(lfd, filename);
        else if (deleteflag)
                delete_mapping(lfd, devicename, filename, force);
        else if (filename || devicename)
                print_one_mapping(lfd, devicename, filename);
        else
                print_mappings(lfd);

        if (lfd != -1)
                (void) close(lfd);
        closelib();
        return (E_SUCCESS);
}