4 * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5 * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6 * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
8 * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9 * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11 * and limitations under the License.
13 * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14 * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15 * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16 * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17 * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
22 * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved.
23 * Use is subject to license terms.
27 * This file contains routines to analyze the surface of a disk.
41 * These global variables control the surface analysis process. They
42 * are set from a command in the defect menu.
44 int scan_entire
= 1; /* scan whole disk flag */
45 diskaddr_t scan_lower
= 0; /* lower bound */
46 diskaddr_t scan_upper
= 0; /* upper bound */
47 int scan_correct
= 1; /* correct errors flag */
48 int scan_stop
= 0; /* stop after error flag */
49 int scan_loop
= 0; /* loop forever flag */
50 int scan_passes
= 2; /* number of passes */
51 int scan_random
= 0; /* random patterns flag */
52 uint_t scan_size
= 0; /* sectors/scan operation */
53 int scan_auto
= 1; /* scan after format flag */
54 int scan_restore_defects
= 1; /* restore defect list after writing */
55 int scan_restore_label
= 1; /* restore label after writing */
58 * These are summary variables to print out info after analysis.
59 * Values less than 0 imply they are invalid.
61 offset_t scan_cur_block
= -1; /* current block */
62 int64_t scan_blocks_fixed
= -1; /* # blocks repaired */
65 * This variable is used to tell whether the most recent surface
66 * analysis error was caused by a media defect or some other problem.
68 int media_error
; /* error was caused by defect */
70 int disk_error
; /* disk errors during analysis */
73 * These are the data patterns used if random patterns are not chosen.
74 * They are designed to show pattern dependent errors.
76 static unsigned int scan_patterns
[] = {
83 #define NPATTERNS 5 /* number of predefined patterns */
86 * These are the data patterns from the SunFed requirements document.
88 static unsigned int purge_patterns
[] = { /* patterns to be written */
89 0xaaaaaaaa, /* 10101010... */
90 0x55555555, /* 01010101... == UUUU... */
91 0xaaaaaaaa, /* 10101010... */
92 0xaaaaaaaa, /* 10101010... */
95 static unsigned int alpha_pattern
= 0x40404040; /* 10000000... == @@@@... */
97 /* Function prototypes */
100 static int scan_repair(diskaddr_t bn
, int mode
);
101 static int analyze_blocks(int flags
, diskaddr_t blkno
, uint_t blkcnt
,
102 unsigned data
, int init
, int driver_flags
, int *xfercntp
);
103 static int handle_error_conditions(void);
104 static int verify_blocks(int flags
, diskaddr_t blkno
, uint_t blkcnt
,
105 unsigned data
, int driver_flags
, int *xfercntp
);
108 static int scan_repair();
109 static int analyze_blocks();
110 static int handle_error_conditions();
111 static int verify_blocks();
113 #endif /* __STDC__ */
116 * This routine performs a surface analysis based upon the global
117 * parameters. It is called from several commands in the defect menu,
118 * and from the format command in the command menu (if post-format
119 * analysis is enable).
125 diskaddr_t start
, end
, curnt
;
126 int pass
, needinit
, data
;
128 int status
, founderr
, i
, j
;
134 * Check to be sure we aren't correcting without a defect list
135 * if the controller can correct the defect.
137 if (scan_correct
&& !EMBEDDED_SCSI
&& (cur_ops
->op_repair
!= NULL
) &&
138 (cur_list
.list
== NULL
)) {
139 err_print("Current Defect List must be initialized ");
140 err_print("to do automatic repair.\n");
144 * Define the bounds of the scan.
148 if (cur_label
== L_TYPE_SOLARIS
) {
149 if (cur_ctype
->ctype_flags
& CF_SCSI
)
150 end
= datasects() - 1;
152 end
= physsects() - 1;
153 } else if (cur_label
== L_TYPE_EFI
) {
154 end
= cur_parts
->etoc
->efi_last_lba
;
161 * Make sure the user knows if we are scanning over a mounted
164 if ((flags
& (SCAN_PATTERN
| SCAN_WRITE
)) &&
165 (checkmount(start
, end
))) {
166 err_print("Cannot do analysis on a mounted partition.\n");
171 * Make sure the user knows if we are scanning over a
172 * partition being used for swapping.
174 if ((flags
& (SCAN_PATTERN
| SCAN_WRITE
)) &&
175 (checkswap(start
, end
))) {
176 err_print("Cannot do analysis on a partition \
177 which is currently being used for swapping.\n");
182 * Check to see if any partitions used for svm, vxvm, ZFS zpool
183 * or live upgrade are on the disk.
185 if ((flags
& (SCAN_PATTERN
| SCAN_WRITE
)) &&
186 (checkdevinuse(cur_disk
->disk_name
, (diskaddr_t
)-1,
187 (diskaddr_t
)-1, 0, 0))) {
188 err_print("Cannot do analysis on a partition "
189 "while it in use as described above.\n");
194 * If we are scanning destructively over certain sectors,
195 * we mark the defect list and/or label dirty so it will get rewritten.
197 if (flags
& (SCAN_PATTERN
| SCAN_WRITE
)) {
198 if (cur_label
== L_TYPE_SOLARIS
) {
199 if (start
< (diskaddr_t
)totalsects() &&
200 end
>= (diskaddr_t
)datasects()) {
201 if (!EMBEDDED_SCSI
) {
202 cur_list
.flags
|= LIST_DIRTY
;
204 if (cur_disk
->disk_flags
& DSK_LABEL
)
205 cur_flags
|= LABEL_DIRTY
;
209 if (cur_disk
->disk_flags
& DSK_LABEL
)
210 cur_flags
|= LABEL_DIRTY
;
214 * Initialize the summary info on sectors repaired.
216 scan_blocks_fixed
= 0;
218 * Loop through the passes of the scan. If required, loop forever.
220 for (pass
= 0; pass
< scan_passes
|| scan_loop
; pass
++) {
222 * Determine the data pattern to use if pattern testing
225 if (flags
& SCAN_PATTERN
) {
227 data
= (int)mrand48();
229 data
= scan_patterns
[pass
% NPPATTERNS
];
231 if (flags
& SCAN_PURGE
) {
232 flags
&= ~(SCAN_PURGE_READ_PASS
233 | SCAN_PURGE_ALPHA_PASS
);
234 switch (pattern
% (NPPATTERNS
+ 1)) {
239 "\nThe last %d passes were successful, running alpha pattern pass", NPPATTERNS
);
240 flags
|= SCAN_PURGE_ALPHA_PASS
;
241 data
= alpha_pattern
;
243 data
= purge_patterns
[pattern
];
248 flags
|= SCAN_PURGE_READ_PASS
;
250 data
= purge_patterns
[pattern
];
255 fmt_print("\n pass %d", pass
);
256 fmt_print(" - pattern = 0x%x", data
);
258 fmt_print("\n pass %d", pass
);
262 * Mark the pattern buffer as corrupt, since it
263 * hasn't been initialized.
267 * Print the first block number to the log file if
268 * logging is on so there is some record of what
269 * analysis was performed.
272 pr_dblock(log_print
, start
);
276 * Loop through this pass, each time analyzing an amount
277 * specified by the global parameters.
280 for (curnt
= start
; curnt
<= end
; curnt
+= size
) {
281 if ((end
- curnt
) < scan_size
)
282 size
= end
- curnt
+ 1;
286 * Print out where we are, so we don't look dead.
287 * Also store it in summary info for logging.
289 scan_cur_block
= curnt
;
291 pr_dblock(nolog_print
, curnt
);
292 nolog_print(" \015");
293 (void) fflush(stdout
);
296 * Do the actual analysis.
298 status
= analyze_blocks(flags
, curnt
, size
,
299 (unsigned)data
, needinit
, (F_ALLERRS
| F_SILENT
),
302 * If there were no errors, the pattern buffer is
303 * still initialized, and we just loop to next chunk.
309 * There was an error. Check if surface analysis
312 if (handle_error_conditions()) {
313 scan_blocks_fixed
= scan_cur_block
= -1;
317 * There was an error. Mark the pattern buffer
318 * corrupt so it will get reinitialized.
322 * If it was not a media error, ignore it.
327 * Loop 5 times through each sector of the chunk,
328 * analyzing them individually.
331 pr_dblock(nolog_print
, curnt
);
332 nolog_print(" \015");
333 (void) fflush(stdout
);
335 for (j
= 0; j
< size
* 5; j
++) {
338 status
= analyze_blocks(flags
, (curnt
+ i
), 1,
339 (unsigned)data
, needinit
, F_ALLERRS
, NULL
);
344 * There was an error. Check if surface analysis
347 if (handle_error_conditions()) {
348 scan_blocks_fixed
= scan_cur_block
= -1;
352 * An error occurred. Mark the buffer
353 * corrupt and see if it was media
360 * We found a bad sector. Print out a message
361 * and fix it if required.
364 if (scan_correct
&& (flags
!= SCAN_VALID
)) {
365 if (scan_repair(curnt
+i
, mode
)) {
371 * Stop after the error if required.
377 * Mark the pattern buffer corrupt to be safe.
381 * We didn't find an individual sector that was bad.
382 * Print out a warning.
385 err_print("Warning: unable to pinpoint ");
386 err_print("defective block.\n");
390 * Print the end of each pass to the log file.
394 pr_dblock(log_print
, scan_cur_block
);
402 * alternate the read and write for SCAN_VERIFY test
404 if (flags
& SCAN_VERIFY
) {
405 flags
^= SCAN_VERIFY_READ_PASS
;
410 * We got here either by giving up after an error or falling
411 * through after all passes were completed.
416 * If the defect list is dirty, write it to disk,
417 * if scan_restore_defects (the default) is true.
419 if (!EMBEDDED_SCSI
&& (cur_list
.flags
& LIST_DIRTY
) &&
420 (scan_restore_defects
)) {
422 write_deflist(&cur_list
);
425 * If the label is dirty, write it to disk.
426 * if scan_restore_label (the default) is true.
428 if ((cur_flags
& LABEL_DIRTY
) && (scan_restore_label
)) {
429 cur_flags
&= ~LABEL_DIRTY
;
430 (void) write_label();
433 * If we dropped down to here after an error, we need to write
434 * the final block number to the log file for record keeping.
436 if (log_file
&& scan_cur_block
>= 0) {
437 pr_dblock(log_print
, scan_cur_block
);
440 fmt_print("Total of %lld defective blocks repaired.\n",
443 * Reinitialize the logging variables so they don't get used
444 * when they are not really valid.
446 scan_blocks_fixed
= scan_cur_block
= -1;
453 * This routine is called to repair a bad block discovered
454 * during a scan operation. Return 0 for success, 1 for failure.
455 * (This has been extracted out of do_scan(), to simplify it.)
458 scan_repair(bn
, mode
)
468 if (cur_ops
->op_repair
== NULL
) {
469 err_print("Warning: Controller does ");
470 err_print("not support repairing.\n\n");
474 buf
= malloc(cur_blksz
);
476 err_print("Warning: no memory.\n\n");
482 * Determine if the error appears to be hard or soft. We
483 * already assume there's an error. If we can get any
484 * good data out of the sector, write that data back
488 for (i
= 0; i
< 5; i
++) {
489 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_READ
, cur_file
, bn
, 1,
490 buf
, F_SILENT
, NULL
);
497 fmt_print("Repairing %s error on %llu (",
498 buf_is_good
? "soft" : "hard", bn
);
499 pr_dblock(fmt_print
, bn
);
502 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_repair
)(bn
, mode
);
505 * If the repair failed, we note it and will return the
506 * failure. However, the analysis goes on.
508 fmt_print("failed.\n\n");
511 * The repair worked. Write the good data we could
512 * recover from the failed block, if possible.
513 * If not, zero the block. In doing so, try to
514 * determine if the new block appears ok.
517 bzero(buf
, cur_blksz
);
518 fmt_print("Warning: Block %llu zero-filled.\n", bn
);
522 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_WRITE
, cur_file
, bn
,
523 1, buf
, (F_SILENT
| F_ALLERRS
), NULL
);
525 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_READ
, cur_file
, bn
,
526 1, buf
, (F_SILENT
| F_ALLERRS
), NULL
);
529 fmt_print("The new block also appears defective.\n");
533 * add the defect to the list and write the list out.
534 * Also, kill the working list so it will get resynced
535 * with the current list.
537 * For embedded scsi, we don't require a defect list.
538 * However, if we have one, add the defect if the
539 * list includes the grown list. If not, kill it
540 * to force a resync if we need the list later.
543 if (cur_list
.list
!= NULL
) {
544 if (cur_list
.flags
& LIST_PGLIST
) {
545 add_ldef(bn
, &cur_list
);
547 kill_deflist(&cur_list
);
551 * The next "if" statement reflects the fix for
552 * bug id 1026096 where format keeps adding the
553 * same defect to the defect list.
555 } else if (cur_ctype
->ctype_flags
& CF_WLIST
) {
556 kill_deflist(&cur_list
);
557 (*cur_ops
->op_ex_cur
)(&cur_list
);
558 fmt_print("Current list updated\n");
560 add_ldef(bn
, &cur_list
);
561 write_deflist(&cur_list
);
563 kill_deflist(&work_list
);
565 /* Log the repair. */
579 * This routine analyzes a set of sectors on the disk. It simply returns
580 * an error if a defect is found. It is called by do_scan().
583 analyze_blocks(flags
, blkno
, blkcnt
, data
, init
, driver_flags
, xfercntp
)
584 int flags
, driver_flags
, init
;
586 register unsigned data
;
592 register diskaddr_t i
, nints
;
593 register unsigned *ptr
= (uint_t
*)pattern_buf
;
596 if (flags
& SCAN_VERIFY
) {
597 return (verify_blocks(flags
, blkno
, blkcnt
, data
,
598 driver_flags
, xfercntp
));
602 * Initialize the pattern buffer if necessary.
604 nints
= (diskaddr_t
)blkcnt
* cur_blksz
/ sizeof (int);
605 if ((flags
& SCAN_PATTERN
) && init
) {
606 for (i
= 0; i
< nints
; i
++)
607 *((int *)((int *)pattern_buf
+ i
)) = data
;
610 * Lock out interrupts so we can insure valid data will get
611 * restored. This is necessary because there are modes
612 * of scanning that corrupt the disk data then restore it at
613 * the end of the analysis.
617 * If the disk data is valid, read it into the data buffer.
619 if (flags
& SCAN_VALID
) {
620 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_READ
, cur_file
, blkno
,
621 blkcnt
, (caddr_t
)cur_buf
, driver_flags
, xfercntp
);
626 * If we are doing pattern testing, write and read the pattern
627 * from the pattern buffer.
629 if (flags
& SCAN_PATTERN
) {
631 * If the disk data was valid, mark it corrupt so we know
632 * to restore it later.
634 if (flags
& SCAN_VALID
)
637 * Only write if we're not on the read pass of SCAN_PURGE.
639 if (!(flags
& SCAN_PURGE_READ_PASS
)) {
640 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_WRITE
, cur_file
, blkno
,
641 blkcnt
, (caddr_t
)pattern_buf
, driver_flags
,
647 * Only read if we are on the read pass of SCAN_PURGE, if we
650 if ((!(flags
& SCAN_PURGE
)) || (flags
& SCAN_PURGE_READ_PASS
)) {
651 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_READ
, cur_file
, blkno
,
652 blkcnt
, (caddr_t
)pattern_buf
, driver_flags
,
659 * If we are doing a data compare, make sure the pattern
661 * Only compare if we are on the read pass of SCAN_PURGE, or
662 * we wrote random data instead of the expected data pattern.
664 if ((flags
& SCAN_COMPARE
) || (flags
& SCAN_PURGE_READ_PASS
)) {
665 for (i
= nints
, ptr
= (uint_t
*)pattern_buf
; i
; i
--)
666 if (*ptr
++ != data
) {
667 err_print("Data miscompare error (expecting ");
668 err_print("0x%x, got 0x%x) at ", data
,
669 *((int *)((int *)pattern_buf
+
671 pr_dblock(err_print
, blkno
);
672 err_print(", offset = 0x%llx.\n",
673 (nints
- i
) * sizeof (int));
678 * If we are supposed to write data out, do so.
680 if (flags
& SCAN_WRITE
) {
681 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_WRITE
, cur_file
, blkno
,
682 blkcnt
, (caddr_t
)cur_buf
, driver_flags
, xfercntp
);
688 * No errors occurred, return ok.
693 * There was an error. If the data was corrupted, we write it
694 * out from the data buffer to restore it.
697 if ((*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_WRITE
, cur_file
, blkno
,
698 blkcnt
, (caddr_t
)cur_buf
, F_NORMAL
, xfercntp
))
699 err_print("Warning: unable to restore original data.\n");
710 * This routine analyzes a set of sectors on the disk. It simply returns
711 * an error if a defect is found. It is called by analyze_blocks().
712 * For simplicity, this is done as a separate function instead of
713 * making the analyze_block routine complex.
715 * This routine implements the 'verify' command. It writes the disk
716 * by writing unique data for each block; after the write pass, it
717 * reads the data and verifies for correctness. Note that the entire
718 * disk (or the range of disk) is fully written first and then read.
719 * This should eliminate any caching effect on the drives.
722 verify_blocks(int flags
,
729 int status
, i
, nints
;
730 unsigned *ptr
= (uint_t
*)pattern_buf
;
732 nints
= cur_blksz
/ sizeof (int);
735 * Initialize the pattern buffer if we are in write pass.
736 * Use the block number itself as data, each block has unique
737 * buffer data that way.
739 if (!(flags
& SCAN_VERIFY_READ_PASS
)) {
740 for (data
= blkno
; data
< blkno
+ blkcnt
; data
++) {
741 for (i
= 0; i
< nints
; i
++) {
745 ptr
= (uint_t
*)pattern_buf
;
749 * Only write if we're not on the read pass of SCAN_VERIFY.
751 if (!(flags
& SCAN_VERIFY_READ_PASS
)) {
752 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_WRITE
, cur_file
, blkno
,
753 blkcnt
, (caddr_t
)pattern_buf
, driver_flags
, xfercntp
);
758 * Only read if we are on the read pass of SCAN_VERIFY
760 status
= (*cur_ops
->op_rdwr
)(DIR_READ
, cur_file
, blkno
,
761 blkcnt
, (caddr_t
)pattern_buf
, driver_flags
, xfercntp
);
765 * compare and make sure the pattern came back intact.
767 for (data
= blkno
; data
< blkno
+ blkcnt
; data
++) {
768 for (i
= 0; i
< nints
; i
++) {
769 if (*ptr
++ != data
) {
771 err_print("Data miscompare error "
772 "(expecting 0x%x, got 0x%x) at ",
774 pr_dblock(err_print
, blkno
);
775 err_print(", offset = 0x%x.\n",
776 (ptr
- (uint_t
*)pattern_buf
) *
784 * No errors occurred, return ok.
793 handle_error_conditions()
797 * Check if the errno is ENXIO.
799 if (errno
== ENXIO
) {
800 fmt_print("\n\nWarning:Cannot access drive, ");
801 fmt_print("aborting surface analysis.\n");
805 * check for disk errors
807 switch (disk_error
) {
808 case DISK_STAT_RESERVED
:
809 case DISK_STAT_UNAVAILABLE
:
810 fmt_print("\n\nWarning:Drive may be reserved ");
811 fmt_print("or has been removed, ");
812 fmt_print("aborting surface analysis.\n");
814 case DISK_STAT_NOTREADY
:
815 fmt_print("\n\nWarning: Drive not ready, ");
816 fmt_print("aborting surface analysis.\n");
818 case DISK_STAT_DATA_PROTECT
:
819 fmt_print("\n\nWarning: Drive is write protected, ");
820 fmt_print("aborting surface analysis.\n");