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1 # This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2 # 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
4 # From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15):
5 # To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see
6 # COMNAP - Stations and Bases
7 # http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/
8 # and
9 # Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23)
10 # http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm
11 # for information.
12 # Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information.
14 # FORMAT is '-00' and GMTOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited.
16 # Argentina - year-round bases
17 # Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05
18 # Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01
19 # Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17
20 # Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29
21 # Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22
22 # San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21
23 # (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21)
25 # Australia - territories
26 # Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited)
27 # previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered
28 # Margaret Turner reports
29 # http://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html
30 # (1999-09-30) that they're UT +05, with no DST;
31 # presumably this is when they have visitors.
32 #
33 # year-round bases
34 # Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969
35 # Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13
36 # (except 1964-11 - 1969-02)
37 # Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13
39 # From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11):
40 # Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone:
41 # Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11
42 # Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5
43 # Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5
44 # The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times).
45 #
46 # Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division)
47 # http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079
48 #
49 # We have more background information here:
50 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html
52 # From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10):
53 # We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ...
54 #
55 # - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010.
56 # The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but
57 # has not been decided yet.
58 #
59 # - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010
60 # 20:00 UTC.
61 #
62 # - Mawson station stays on UTC+5.
63 #
64 # Background:
65 # http://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html
67 # From Steffen Thorsen (2016-10-28):
68 # Australian Antarctica Division informed us that Casey changed time
69 # zone to UTC+11 in "the morning of 22nd October 2016".
71 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
72 Zone Antarctica/Casey 0 - -00 1969
73 8:00 - +08 2009 Oct 18 2:00
74 11:00 - +11 2010 Mar 5 2:00
75 8:00 - +08 2011 Oct 28 2:00
76 11:00 - +11 2012 Feb 21 17:00u
77 8:00 - +08 2016 Oct 22
78 11:00 - +11
79 Zone Antarctica/Davis 0 - -00 1957 Jan 13
80 7:00 - +07 1964 Nov
81 0 - -00 1969 Feb
82 7:00 - +07 2009 Oct 18 2:00
83 5:00 - +05 2010 Mar 10 20:00u
84 7:00 - +07 2011 Oct 28 2:00
85 5:00 - +05 2012 Feb 21 20:00u
86 7:00 - +07
87 Zone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - -00 1954 Feb 13
88 6:00 - +06 2009 Oct 18 2:00
89 5:00 - +05
90 # References:
91 # Casey Weather (1998-02-26)
92 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html
93 # Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26)
94 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html
95 # Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25)
96 # http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html
98 # Belgium - year-round base
99 # Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007
101 # Brazil - year-round base
102 # Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4
104 # Bulgaria - year-round base
105 # St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988
107 # Chile - year-round bases and towns
108 # Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994
109 # Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07
110 # O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02
111 # Prat, -6230-05941
112 # Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09
113 # These locations employ Region of Magallanes time; use
114 # TZ='America/Punta_Arenas'.
116 # China - year-round bases
117 # Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20
118 # Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26
120 # France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy")
121 #
122 # From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20):
123 # Time data entries are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP
124 # (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology).
125 # She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adélie bases
126 # don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adélie supplies came
127 # from Tasmania.
128 #
129 # French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants
130 #
131 # Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964;
132 # sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+;
133 # see Indian/Reunion.
134 #
135 # Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950
136 # Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951;
137 # whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956
138 #
139 # St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited
140 # fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931
141 #
142 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
143 Zone Indian/Kerguelen 0 - -00 1950 # Port-aux-Français
144 5:00 - +05
145 #
146 # year-round base in the main continent
147 # Dumont d'Urville, Île des Pétrels, -6640+14001, since 1956-11
148 # <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumont_d'Urville_Station> (2005-12-05)
149 #
150 # Another base at Port-Martin, 50km east, began operation in 1947.
151 # It was destroyed by fire on 1952-01-14.
152 #
153 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
154 Zone Antarctica/DumontDUrville 0 - -00 1947
155 10:00 - +10 1952 Jan 14
156 0 - -00 1956 Nov
157 10:00 - +10
159 # France & Italy - year-round base
160 # Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005
162 # Germany - year-round base
163 # Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009
165 # India - year-round bases
166 # Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012
167 # Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989
169 # Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy")
170 # Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986
172 # Japan - year-round bases
173 # Syowa (also known as Showa), -690022+0393524, since 1957
174 #
175 # From Hideyuki Suzuki (1999-02-06):
176 # In all Japanese stations, +0300 is used as the standard time.
177 #
178 # Syowa station, which is the first antarctic station of Japan,
179 # was established on 1957-01-29. Since Syowa station is still the main
180 # station of Japan, it's appropriate for the principal location.
181 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
182 Zone Antarctica/Syowa 0 - -00 1957 Jan 29
183 3:00 - +03
184 # See:
185 # NIPR Antarctic Research Activities (1999-08-17)
186 # http://www.nipr.ac.jp/english/ara01.html
188 # S Korea - year-round base
189 # Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014
190 # King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988
192 # New Zealand - claims
193 # Balleny Islands (never inhabited)
194 # Scott Island (never inhabited)
195 #
196 # year-round base
197 # Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01.
198 # See Pacific/Auckland.
200 # Norway - territories
201 # Bouvet (never inhabited)
202 #
203 # claims
204 # Peter I Island (never inhabited)
205 #
206 # year-round base
207 # Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12
208 #
209 # From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10):
210 # I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com.
211 # In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones:
212 # GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March
213 # GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October
214 # GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7
215 # GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1
216 # The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely
217 # correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates.
218 #
219 # From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21):
220 # The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tz 2014b or later, so as
221 # suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate
222 # with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent.
223 #
224 # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
225 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 +01
226 Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 +02
227 #Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 +01
228 #Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 +00
229 # Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines.
230 Rule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 +00
231 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
232 Zone Antarctica/Troll 0 - -00 2005 Feb 12
233 0:00 Troll %s
235 # Poland - year-round base
236 # Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977
238 # Romania - year-bound base
239 # Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986
241 # Russia - year-round bases
242 # Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22
243 # Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02
244 # Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551,
245 # year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01
246 # Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150,
247 # year-round from 1960/61 to 1992
249 # Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11
250 # From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15):
251 # http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP
252 # Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same
253 # time as Moscow, Russia.
254 #
255 # From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08):
256 # I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is
257 # what they had to say about time there:
258 # "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo)
259 # time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was
260 # 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead
261 # of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The
262 # natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT."
263 #
264 # From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04):
265 # This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it
266 # in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local
267 # time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this
268 # changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean
269 # solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks
270 # happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time
271 # it is at Vostok. But we'll guess +06.
272 #
273 Zone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16
274 6:00 - +06
276 # S Africa - year-round bases
277 # Marion Island, -4653+03752
278 # SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997
280 # Ukraine - year-round base
281 # Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954
283 # United Kingdom
284 #
285 # British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims
286 # South Orkney Islands
287 # scientific station from 1903
288 # whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926
289 # South Shetland Islands
290 #
291 # year-round bases
292 # Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983
293 # Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931,
294 # scientific station 1943/1967,
295 # previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident,
296 # and a garrison was deployed briefly
297 # Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06
298 # Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated
299 # so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location.
300 # Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01
301 #
302 # From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22)
303 # <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year.
304 #
305 # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL]
306 Zone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - -00 1976 Dec 1
307 -3:00 - -03
309 # Uruguay - year round base
310 # Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107
312 # USA - year-round bases
313 #
314 # Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968)
315 # See 'southamerica' for Antarctica/Palmer, since it uses South American DST.
316 #
317 # McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12
318 # Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20
319 #
320 # From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27):
321 # Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station,
322 # stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station,
323 # but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12
324 # as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound,
325 # which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year
326 # at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90 Degrees South.)
327 #
328 # From Susan Smith
329 # http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html
330 # (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available):
331 # We use the same time as McMurdo does.
332 # And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does....
333 # One last quirk about South Pole time.
334 # All the electric clocks are usually wrong.
335 # Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something
336 # makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days,
337 # we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so.
338 # Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!!
339 #
340 # See 'australasia' for Antarctica/McMurdo.