1 *tabpage.txt* For Vim version 7.1. Last change: 2007 Mar 11
4 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar
7 Editing with windows in multiple tab pages. *tab-page* *tabpage*
9 The commands which have been added to use multiple tab pages are explained
10 here. Additionally, there are explanations for commands that work differently
11 when used in combination with more than one tab page.
13 1. Introduction |tab-page-intro|
14 2. Commands |tab-page-commands|
15 3. Other items |tab-page-other|
16 4. Setting 'tabline' |setting-tabline|
17 5. Setting 'guitablabel' |setting-guitablabel|
19 {Vi does not have any of these commands}
20 {not able to use multiple tab pages when the |+windows| feature was disabled
23 ==============================================================================
24 1. Introduction *tab-page-intro*
26 A tab page holds one or more windows. You can easily switch between tab
27 pages, so that you have several collections of windows to work on different
30 Usually you will see a list of labels at the top of the Vim window, one for
31 each tab page. With the mouse you can click on the label to jump to that tab
32 page. There are other ways to move between tab pages, see below.
34 Most commands work only in the current tab page. That includes the |CTRL-W|
35 commands, |:windo|, |:all| and |:ball| (when not using the |:tab| modifier).
36 The commands that are aware of other tab pages than the current one are
39 Tabs are also a nice way to edit a buffer temporarily without changing the
40 current window layout. Open a new tab page, do whatever you want to do and
43 ==============================================================================
44 2. Commands *tab-page-commands*
46 OPENING A NEW TAB PAGE:
48 When starting Vim "vim -p filename ..." opens each file argument in a separate
49 tab page (up to 'tabpagemax'). |-p|
51 A double click with the mouse in the non-GUI tab pages line opens a new, empty
52 tab page. It is placed left of the position of the click. The first click
53 may select another tab page first, causing an extra screen update.
55 This also works in a few GUI versions, esp. Win32 and Motif. But only when
56 clicking right of the labels.
58 In the GUI tab pages line you can use the right mouse button to open menu.
61 :tabe[dit] *:tabe* *:tabedit* *:tabnew*
62 :tabnew Open a new tab page with an empty window, after the current
65 :tabe[dit] [++opt] [+cmd] {file}
66 :tabnew [++opt] [+cmd] {file}
67 Open a new tab page and edit {file}, like with |:edit|.
69 :tabf[ind] [++opt] [+cmd] {file} *:tabf* *:tabfind*
70 Open a new tab page and edit {file} in 'path', like with
72 {not available when the |+file_in_path| feature was disabled
75 :[count]tab {cmd} *:tab*
76 Execute {cmd} and when it opens a new window open a new tab
77 page instead. Doesn't work for |:diffsplit|, |:diffpatch|,
78 |:execute| and |:normal|.
79 When [count] is omitted the tab page appears after the current
80 one. When [count] is specified the new tab page comes after
81 tab page [count]. Use ":0tab cmd" to get the new tab page as
82 the first one. Examples: >
83 :tab split " opens current buffer in new tab page
84 :tab help gt " opens tab page with help for "gt"
86 CTRL-W gf Open a new tab page and edit the file name under the cursor.
89 CTRL-W gF Open a new tab page and edit the file name under the cursor
90 and jump to the line number following the file name.
95 Closing the last window of a tab page closes the tab page too, unless there is
98 Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in the "X" at
99 the top right to close the current tab page. A custom |'tabline'| may show
103 :tabc[lose][!] Close current tab page.
104 This command fails when:
105 - There is only one tab page on the screen. *E784*
106 - When 'hidden' is not set, [!] is not used, a buffer has
107 changes, and there is no other window on this buffer.
108 Changes to the buffer are not written and won't get lost, so
109 this is a "safe" command.
111 :tabc[lose][!] {count}
112 Close tab page {count}. Fails in the same way as ':tabclose"
116 :tabo[nly][!] Close all other tab pages.
117 When the 'hidden' option is set, all buffers in closed windows
119 When 'hidden' is not set, and the 'autowrite' option is set,
120 modified buffers are written. Otherwise, windows that have
121 buffers that are modified are not removed, unless the [!] is
122 given, then they become hidden. But modified buffers are
123 never abandoned, so changes cannot get lost.
126 SWITCHING TO ANOTHER TAB PAGE:
128 Using the mouse: If the tab page line is displayed you can click in a tab page
129 label to switch to that tab page. Click where there is no label to go to the
130 next tab page. |'tabline'|
132 :tabn[ext] *:tabn* *:tabnext* *gt*
133 <C-PageDown> *CTRL-<PageDown>* *<C-PageDown>*
134 gt *i_CTRL-<PageDown>* *i_<C-PageDown>*
135 Go to the next tab page. Wraps around from the last to the
140 {count}gt Go to tab page {count}. The first tab page has number one.
143 :tabp[revious] *:tabp* *:tabprevious* *gT* *:tabN*
144 :tabN[ext] *:tabNext* *CTRL-<PageUp>*
145 <C-PageUp> *<C-PageUp>* *i_CTRL-<PageUp>* *i_<C-PageUp>*
146 gT Go to the previous tab page. Wraps around from the first one
149 :tabp[revious] {count}
152 {count}gT Go {count} tab pages back. Wraps around from the first one
155 :tabr[ewind] *:tabfir* *:tabfirst* *:tabr* *:tabrewind*
156 :tabfir[st] Go to the first tab page.
159 :tabl[ast] Go to the last tab page.
164 :tabs List the tab pages and the windows they contain.
165 Shows a ">" for the current window.
166 Shows a "+" for modified buffers.
169 REORDERING TAB PAGES:
171 :tabm[ove] [N] *:tabm* *:tabmove*
172 Move the current tab page to after tab page N. Use zero to
173 make the current tab page the first one. Without N the tab
174 page is made the last one.
177 LOOPING OVER TAB PAGES:
180 :tabd[o] {cmd} Execute {cmd} in each tab page.
181 It works like doing this: >
187 < This only operates in the current window of each tab page.
188 When an error is detected on one tab page, further tab pages
190 The last tab page (or where an error occurred) becomes the
192 {cmd} can contain '|' to concatenate several commands.
193 {cmd} must not open or close tab pages or reorder them.
194 {not in Vi} {not available when compiled without the
196 Also see |:windo|, |:argdo| and |:bufdo|.
198 ==============================================================================
199 3. Other items *tab-page-other*
202 The GUI tab pages line has a popup menu. It is accessed with a right click.
204 Close Close the tab page under the mouse pointer. The
205 current one if there is no label under the mouse
207 New Tab Open a tab page, editing an empty buffer. It appears
208 to the left of the mouse pointer.
209 Open Tab... Like "New Tab" and additionally use a file selector to
210 select a file to edit.
212 Diff mode works per tab page. You can see the diffs between several files
213 within one tab page. Other tab pages can show differences between other
216 Variables local to a tab page start with "t:". |tabpage-variable|
218 Currently there is only one option local to a tab page: 'cmdheight'.
220 The TabLeave and TabEnter autocommand events can be used to do something when
221 switching from one tab page to another. The exact order depends on what you
222 are doing. When creating a new tab page this works as if you create a new
223 window on the same buffer and then edit another buffer. Thus ":tabnew"
225 WinLeave leave current window
226 TabLeave leave current tab page
227 TabEnter enter new tab page
228 WinEnter enter window in new tab page
229 BufLeave leave current buffer
230 BufEnter enter new empty buffer
232 When switching to another tab page the order is:
240 ==============================================================================
241 4. Setting 'tabline' *setting-tabline*
243 The 'tabline' option specifies what the line with tab pages labels looks like.
244 It is only used when there is no GUI tab line.
246 You can use the 'showtabline' option to specify when you want the line with
247 tab page labels to appear: never, when there is more than one tab page or
250 The highlighting of the tab pages line is set with the groups TabLine
251 TabLineSel and TabLineFill. |hl-TabLine| |hl-TabLineSel| |hl-TabLineFill|
253 A "+" will be shown for a tab page that has a modified window. The number of
254 windows in a tabpage is also shown. Thus "3+" means three windows and one of
255 them has a modified buffer.
257 The 'tabline' option allows you to define your preferred way to tab pages
258 labels. This isn't easy, thus an example will be given here.
260 For basics see the 'statusline' option. The same items can be used in the
261 'tabline' option. Additionally, the |tabpagebuflist()|, |tabpagenr()| and
262 |tabpagewinnr()| functions are useful.
264 Since the number of tab labels will vary, you need to use an expression for
265 the whole option. Something like: >
266 :set tabline=%!MyTabLine()
268 Then define the MyTabLine() function to list all the tab pages labels. A
269 convenient method is to split it in two parts: First go over all the tab
270 pages and define labels for them. Then get the label for each tab page. >
274 for i in range(tabpagenr('$'))
275 " select the highlighting
276 if i + 1 == tabpagenr()
277 let s .= '%#TabLineSel#'
279 let s .= '%#TabLine#'
282 " set the tab page number (for mouse clicks)
283 let s .= '%' . (i + 1) . 'T'
285 " the label is made by MyTabLabel()
286 let s .= ' %{MyTabLabel(' . (i + 1) . ')} '
289 " after the last tab fill with TabLineFill and reset tab page nr
290 let s .= '%#TabLineFill#%T'
292 " right-align the label to close the current tab page
293 if tabpagenr('$') > 1
294 let s .= '%=%#TabLine#%999Xclose'
300 Now the MyTabLabel() function is called for each tab page to get its label. >
302 function MyTabLabel(n)
303 let buflist = tabpagebuflist(a:n)
304 let winnr = tabpagewinnr(a:n)
305 return bufname(buflist[winnr - 1])
308 This is just a simplistic example that results in a tab pages line that
309 resembles the default, but without adding a + for a modified buffer or
310 truncating the names. You will want to reduce the width of labels in a
311 clever way when there is not enough room. Check the 'columns' option for the
314 ==============================================================================
315 5. Setting 'guitablabel' *setting-guitablabel*
317 When the GUI tab pages line is displayed, 'guitablabel' can be used to
318 specify the label to display for each tab page. Unlike 'tabline', which
319 specifies the whole tab pages line at once, 'guitablabel' is used for each
322 'guitabtooltip' is very similar and is used for the tooltip of the same label.
323 This only appears when the mouse pointer hovers over the label, thus it
324 usually is longer. Only supported on some systems though.
326 See the 'statusline' option for the format of the value.
328 The "%N" item can be used for the current tab page number. The |v:lnum|
329 variable is also set to this number when the option is evaluated.
330 The items that use a file name refer to the current window of the tab page.
332 Note that syntax highlighting is not used for the option. The %T and %X
333 items are also ignored.
335 A simple example that puts the tab page number and the buffer name in the
337 :set guitablabel=%N\ %f
339 An example that resembles the default 'guitablabel': Show the number of
340 windows in the tab page and a '+' if there is a modified buffer: >
342 function GuiTabLabel()
344 let bufnrlist = tabpagebuflist(v:lnum)
346 " Add '+' if one of the buffers in the tab page is modified
347 for bufnr in bufnrlist
348 if getbufvar(bufnr, "&modified")
354 " Append the number of windows in the tab page if more than one
355 let wincount = tabpagewinnr(v:lnum, '$')
357 let label .= wincount
363 " Append the buffer name
364 return label . bufname(bufnrlist[tabpagewinnr(v:lnum) - 1])
367 set guitablabel=%{GuiTabLabel()}
369 Note that the function must be defined before setting the option, otherwise
370 you get an error message for the function not being known.
372 If you want to fall back to the default label, return an empty string.
374 If you want to show something specific for a tab page, you might want to use a
375 tab page local variable. |t:var|
378 vim:tw=78:ts=8:ft=help:norl: