wined3d: Avoid some unnecessary invalidations of the the onscreen depth buffer.
[wine/hramrach.git] / server / token.c
blob69ffab790901bc48d7a2748372394841b9895dcf
1 /*
2 * Tokens
4 * Copyright (C) 1998 Alexandre Julliard
5 * Copyright (C) 2003 Mike McCormack
6 * Copyright (C) 2005 Robert Shearman
8 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
9 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
10 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
11 * version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
13 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
14 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
15 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
16 * Lesser General Public License for more details.
18 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
19 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
20 * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301, USA
23 #include "config.h"
25 #include <assert.h>
26 #include <stdio.h>
27 #include <stdlib.h>
28 #include <stdarg.h>
29 #include <unistd.h>
31 #include "ntstatus.h"
32 #define WIN32_NO_STATUS
33 #include "windef.h"
34 #include "winternl.h"
36 #include "handle.h"
37 #include "thread.h"
38 #include "process.h"
39 #include "request.h"
40 #include "security.h"
42 #include "wine/unicode.h"
44 #define MAX_SUBAUTH_COUNT 1
46 const LUID SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege = { 5, 0 };
47 const LUID SeSecurityPrivilege = { 8, 0 };
48 const LUID SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege = { 9, 0 };
49 const LUID SeLoadDriverPrivilege = { 10, 0 };
50 const LUID SeSystemProfilePrivilege = { 11, 0 };
51 const LUID SeSystemtimePrivilege = { 12, 0 };
52 const LUID SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege = { 13, 0 };
53 const LUID SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege = { 14, 0 };
54 const LUID SeCreatePagefilePrivilege = { 15, 0 };
55 const LUID SeBackupPrivilege = { 17, 0 };
56 const LUID SeRestorePrivilege = { 18, 0 };
57 const LUID SeShutdownPrivilege = { 19, 0 };
58 const LUID SeDebugPrivilege = { 20, 0 };
59 const LUID SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege = { 22, 0 };
60 const LUID SeChangeNotifyPrivilege = { 23, 0 };
61 const LUID SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege = { 24, 0 };
62 const LUID SeUndockPrivilege = { 25, 0 };
63 const LUID SeManageVolumePrivilege = { 28, 0 };
64 const LUID SeImpersonatePrivilege = { 29, 0 };
65 const LUID SeCreateGlobalPrivilege = { 30, 0 };
67 static const SID world_sid = { SID_REVISION, 1, { SECURITY_WORLD_SID_AUTHORITY }, { SECURITY_WORLD_RID } };
68 static const SID local_sid = { SID_REVISION, 1, { SECURITY_LOCAL_SID_AUTHORITY }, { SECURITY_LOCAL_RID } };
69 static const SID interactive_sid = { SID_REVISION, 1, { SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY }, { SECURITY_INTERACTIVE_RID } };
70 static const SID anonymous_logon_sid = { SID_REVISION, 1, { SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY }, { SECURITY_ANONYMOUS_LOGON_RID } };
71 static const SID authenticated_user_sid = { SID_REVISION, 1, { SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY }, { SECURITY_AUTHENTICATED_USER_RID } };
72 static const SID local_system_sid = { SID_REVISION, 1, { SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY }, { SECURITY_LOCAL_SYSTEM_RID } };
73 const PSID security_world_sid = (PSID)&world_sid;
74 static const PSID security_local_sid = (PSID)&local_sid;
75 const PSID security_interactive_sid = (PSID)&interactive_sid;
76 static const PSID security_authenticated_user_sid = (PSID)&authenticated_user_sid;
77 const PSID security_local_system_sid = (PSID)&local_system_sid;
79 static luid_t prev_luid_value = { 1000, 0 };
81 struct token
83 struct object obj; /* object header */
84 luid_t token_id; /* system-unique id of token */
85 luid_t modified_id; /* new id allocated every time token is modified */
86 struct list privileges; /* privileges available to the token */
87 struct list groups; /* groups that the user of this token belongs to (sid_and_attributes) */
88 SID *user; /* SID of user this token represents */
89 SID *primary_group; /* SID of user's primary group */
90 unsigned primary; /* is this a primary or impersonation token? */
91 ACL *default_dacl; /* the default DACL to assign to objects created by this user */
92 TOKEN_SOURCE source; /* source of the token */
93 int impersonation_level; /* impersonation level this token is capable of if non-primary token */
96 struct privilege
98 struct list entry;
99 LUID luid;
100 unsigned enabled : 1; /* is the privilege currently enabled? */
101 unsigned def : 1; /* is the privilege enabled by default? */
104 struct group
106 struct list entry;
107 unsigned enabled : 1; /* is the sid currently enabled? */
108 unsigned def : 1; /* is the sid enabled by default? */
109 unsigned logon : 1; /* is this a logon sid? */
110 unsigned mandatory: 1; /* is this sid always enabled? */
111 unsigned owner : 1; /* can this sid be an owner of an object? */
112 unsigned resource : 1; /* is this a domain-local group? */
113 unsigned deny_only: 1; /* is this a sid that should be use for denying only? */
114 SID sid;
117 static void token_dump( struct object *obj, int verbose );
118 static unsigned int token_map_access( struct object *obj, unsigned int access );
119 static void token_destroy( struct object *obj );
121 static const struct object_ops token_ops =
123 sizeof(struct token), /* size */
124 token_dump, /* dump */
125 no_get_type, /* get_type */
126 no_add_queue, /* add_queue */
127 NULL, /* remove_queue */
128 NULL, /* signaled */
129 NULL, /* satisfied */
130 no_signal, /* signal */
131 no_get_fd, /* get_fd */
132 token_map_access, /* map_access */
133 default_get_sd, /* get_sd */
134 default_set_sd, /* set_sd */
135 no_lookup_name, /* lookup_name */
136 no_open_file, /* open_file */
137 no_close_handle, /* close_handle */
138 token_destroy /* destroy */
142 static void token_dump( struct object *obj, int verbose )
144 fprintf( stderr, "Security token\n" );
145 /* FIXME: dump token members */
148 static unsigned int token_map_access( struct object *obj, unsigned int access )
150 if (access & GENERIC_READ) access |= TOKEN_READ;
151 if (access & GENERIC_WRITE) access |= TOKEN_WRITE;
152 if (access & GENERIC_EXECUTE) access |= STANDARD_RIGHTS_EXECUTE;
153 if (access & GENERIC_ALL) access |= TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS;
154 return access & ~(GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE | GENERIC_EXECUTE | GENERIC_ALL);
157 static SID *security_sid_alloc( const SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY *idauthority, int subauthcount, const unsigned int subauth[] )
159 int i;
160 SID *sid = mem_alloc( FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[subauthcount]) );
161 if (!sid) return NULL;
162 sid->Revision = SID_REVISION;
163 sid->SubAuthorityCount = subauthcount;
164 sid->IdentifierAuthority = *idauthority;
165 for (i = 0; i < subauthcount; i++)
166 sid->SubAuthority[i] = subauth[i];
167 return sid;
170 void security_set_thread_token( struct thread *thread, obj_handle_t handle )
172 if (!handle)
174 if (thread->token)
175 release_object( thread->token );
176 thread->token = NULL;
178 else
180 struct token *token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process,
181 handle,
182 TOKEN_IMPERSONATE,
183 &token_ops );
184 if (token)
186 if (thread->token)
187 release_object( thread->token );
188 thread->token = token;
193 const SID *security_unix_uid_to_sid( uid_t uid )
195 /* very simple mapping: either the current user or not the current user */
196 if (uid == getuid())
197 return &interactive_sid;
198 else
199 return &anonymous_logon_sid;
202 static int acl_is_valid( const ACL *acl, data_size_t size )
204 ULONG i;
205 const ACE_HEADER *ace;
207 if (size < sizeof(ACL))
208 return FALSE;
210 size = min(size, MAX_ACL_LEN);
212 size -= sizeof(ACL);
214 ace = (const ACE_HEADER *)(acl + 1);
215 for (i = 0; i < acl->AceCount; i++)
217 const SID *sid;
218 data_size_t sid_size;
220 if (size < sizeof(ACE_HEADER))
221 return FALSE;
222 if (size < ace->AceSize)
223 return FALSE;
224 size -= ace->AceSize;
225 switch (ace->AceType)
227 case ACCESS_DENIED_ACE_TYPE:
228 sid = (const SID *)&((const ACCESS_DENIED_ACE *)ace)->SidStart;
229 sid_size = ace->AceSize - FIELD_OFFSET(ACCESS_DENIED_ACE, SidStart);
230 break;
231 case ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE_TYPE:
232 sid = (const SID *)&((const ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE *)ace)->SidStart;
233 sid_size = ace->AceSize - FIELD_OFFSET(ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE, SidStart);
234 break;
235 case SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE_TYPE:
236 sid = (const SID *)&((const SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE *)ace)->SidStart;
237 sid_size = ace->AceSize - FIELD_OFFSET(SYSTEM_AUDIT_ACE, SidStart);
238 break;
239 case SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE_TYPE:
240 sid = (const SID *)&((const SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE *)ace)->SidStart;
241 sid_size = ace->AceSize - FIELD_OFFSET(SYSTEM_ALARM_ACE, SidStart);
242 break;
243 default:
244 return FALSE;
246 if (sid_size < FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[0]) ||
247 sid_size < FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[sid->SubAuthorityCount]))
248 return FALSE;
249 ace = ace_next( ace );
251 return TRUE;
254 /* checks whether all members of a security descriptor fit inside the size
255 * of memory specified */
256 int sd_is_valid( const struct security_descriptor *sd, data_size_t size )
258 size_t offset = sizeof(struct security_descriptor);
259 const SID *group;
260 const SID *owner;
261 const ACL *sacl;
262 const ACL *dacl;
263 int dummy;
265 if (size < offset)
266 return FALSE;
268 if ((sd->owner_len >= FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[255])) ||
269 (offset + sd->owner_len > size))
270 return FALSE;
271 owner = sd_get_owner( sd );
272 if (owner)
274 size_t needed_size = FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[owner->SubAuthorityCount]);
275 if ((sd->owner_len < sizeof(SID)) || (needed_size > sd->owner_len))
276 return FALSE;
278 offset += sd->owner_len;
280 if ((sd->group_len >= FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[255])) ||
281 (offset + sd->group_len > size))
282 return FALSE;
283 group = sd_get_group( sd );
284 if (group)
286 size_t needed_size = FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[group->SubAuthorityCount]);
287 if ((sd->group_len < sizeof(SID)) || (needed_size > sd->group_len))
288 return FALSE;
290 offset += sd->group_len;
292 if ((sd->sacl_len >= MAX_ACL_LEN) || (offset + sd->sacl_len > size))
293 return FALSE;
294 sacl = sd_get_sacl( sd, &dummy );
295 if (sacl && !acl_is_valid( sacl, sd->sacl_len ))
296 return FALSE;
297 offset += sd->sacl_len;
299 if ((sd->dacl_len >= MAX_ACL_LEN) || (offset + sd->dacl_len > size))
300 return FALSE;
301 dacl = sd_get_dacl( sd, &dummy );
302 if (dacl && !acl_is_valid( dacl, sd->dacl_len ))
303 return FALSE;
304 offset += sd->dacl_len;
306 return TRUE;
309 /* determines whether an object_attributes struct is valid in a buffer
310 * and calls set_error appropriately */
311 int objattr_is_valid( const struct object_attributes *objattr, data_size_t size )
313 if ((size < sizeof(*objattr)) || (size - sizeof(*objattr) < objattr->sd_len) ||
314 (size - sizeof(*objattr) - objattr->sd_len < objattr->name_len))
316 set_error( STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION );
317 return FALSE;
320 if (objattr->sd_len)
322 const struct security_descriptor *sd = (const struct security_descriptor *)(objattr + 1);
323 if (!sd_is_valid( sd, objattr->sd_len ))
325 set_error( STATUS_INVALID_SECURITY_DESCR );
326 return FALSE;
330 return TRUE;
333 /* maps from generic rights to specific rights as given by a mapping */
334 static inline void map_generic_mask(unsigned int *mask, const GENERIC_MAPPING *mapping)
336 if (*mask & GENERIC_READ) *mask |= mapping->GenericRead;
337 if (*mask & GENERIC_WRITE) *mask |= mapping->GenericWrite;
338 if (*mask & GENERIC_EXECUTE) *mask |= mapping->GenericExecute;
339 if (*mask & GENERIC_ALL) *mask |= mapping->GenericAll;
340 *mask &= 0x0FFFFFFF;
343 static inline int is_equal_luid( const LUID *luid1, const LUID *luid2 )
345 return (luid1->LowPart == luid2->LowPart && luid1->HighPart == luid2->HighPart);
348 static inline void allocate_luid( luid_t *luid )
350 prev_luid_value.low_part++;
351 *luid = prev_luid_value;
354 DECL_HANDLER( allocate_locally_unique_id )
356 allocate_luid( &reply->luid );
359 static inline void luid_and_attr_from_privilege( LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *out, const struct privilege *in)
361 out->Luid = in->luid;
362 out->Attributes =
363 (in->enabled ? SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED : 0) |
364 (in->def ? SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT : 0);
367 static struct privilege *privilege_add( struct token *token, const LUID *luid, int enabled )
369 struct privilege *privilege = mem_alloc( sizeof(*privilege) );
370 if (privilege)
372 privilege->luid = *luid;
373 privilege->def = privilege->enabled = (enabled != 0);
374 list_add_tail( &token->privileges, &privilege->entry );
376 return privilege;
379 static inline void privilege_remove( struct privilege *privilege )
381 list_remove( &privilege->entry );
382 free( privilege );
385 static void token_destroy( struct object *obj )
387 struct token* token;
388 struct list *cursor, *cursor_next;
390 assert( obj->ops == &token_ops );
391 token = (struct token *)obj;
393 free( token->user );
395 LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE( cursor, cursor_next, &token->privileges )
397 struct privilege *privilege = LIST_ENTRY( cursor, struct privilege, entry );
398 privilege_remove( privilege );
401 LIST_FOR_EACH_SAFE( cursor, cursor_next, &token->groups )
403 struct group *group = LIST_ENTRY( cursor, struct group, entry );
404 list_remove( &group->entry );
405 free( group );
408 free( token->default_dacl );
411 /* creates a new token.
412 * groups may be NULL if group_count is 0.
413 * privs may be NULL if priv_count is 0.
414 * default_dacl may be NULL, indicating that all objects created by the user
415 * are unsecured.
416 * modified_id may be NULL, indicating that a new modified_id luid should be
417 * allocated.
419 static struct token *create_token( unsigned primary, const SID *user,
420 const SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *groups, unsigned int group_count,
421 const LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *privs, unsigned int priv_count,
422 const ACL *default_dacl, TOKEN_SOURCE source,
423 const luid_t *modified_id,
424 int impersonation_level )
426 struct token *token = alloc_object( &token_ops );
427 if (token)
429 unsigned int i;
431 allocate_luid( &token->token_id );
432 if (modified_id)
433 token->modified_id = *modified_id;
434 else
435 allocate_luid( &token->modified_id );
436 list_init( &token->privileges );
437 list_init( &token->groups );
438 token->primary = primary;
439 /* primary tokens don't have impersonation levels */
440 if (primary)
441 token->impersonation_level = -1;
442 else
443 token->impersonation_level = impersonation_level;
444 token->default_dacl = NULL;
445 token->primary_group = NULL;
447 /* copy user */
448 token->user = memdup( user, FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[user->SubAuthorityCount]) );
449 if (!token->user)
451 release_object( token );
452 return NULL;
455 /* copy groups */
456 for (i = 0; i < group_count; i++)
458 size_t size = FIELD_OFFSET( struct group, sid.SubAuthority[((const SID *)groups[i].Sid)->SubAuthorityCount] );
459 struct group *group = mem_alloc( size );
461 if (!group)
463 release_object( token );
464 return NULL;
466 memcpy( &group->sid, groups[i].Sid, FIELD_OFFSET( SID, SubAuthority[((const SID *)groups[i].Sid)->SubAuthorityCount] ) );
467 group->enabled = TRUE;
468 group->def = TRUE;
469 group->logon = (groups[i].Attributes & SE_GROUP_LOGON_ID) ? TRUE : FALSE;
470 group->mandatory = (groups[i].Attributes & SE_GROUP_MANDATORY) ? TRUE : FALSE;
471 group->owner = groups[i].Attributes & SE_GROUP_OWNER ? TRUE : FALSE;
472 group->resource = FALSE;
473 group->deny_only = FALSE;
474 list_add_tail( &token->groups, &group->entry );
475 /* Use first owner capable group as an owner */
476 if (!token->primary_group && group->owner)
477 token->primary_group = &group->sid;
480 /* copy privileges */
481 for (i = 0; i < priv_count; i++)
483 /* note: we don't check uniqueness: the caller must make sure
484 * privs doesn't contain any duplicate luids */
485 if (!privilege_add( token, &privs[i].Luid,
486 privs[i].Attributes & SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED ))
488 release_object( token );
489 return NULL;
493 if (default_dacl)
495 token->default_dacl = memdup( default_dacl, default_dacl->AclSize );
496 if (!token->default_dacl)
498 release_object( token );
499 return NULL;
503 token->source = source;
505 return token;
508 struct token *token_duplicate( struct token *src_token, unsigned primary,
509 int impersonation_level )
511 const luid_t *modified_id =
512 primary || (impersonation_level == src_token->impersonation_level) ?
513 &src_token->modified_id : NULL;
514 struct token *token = NULL;
515 struct privilege *privilege;
516 struct group *group;
518 if (!primary &&
519 (impersonation_level < SecurityAnonymous ||
520 impersonation_level > SecurityDelegation ||
521 (!src_token->primary && (impersonation_level > src_token->impersonation_level))))
523 set_error( STATUS_BAD_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL );
524 return NULL;
527 token = create_token( primary, src_token->user, NULL, 0,
528 NULL, 0, src_token->default_dacl,
529 src_token->source, modified_id,
530 impersonation_level );
531 if (!token) return token;
533 /* copy groups */
534 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( group, &src_token->groups, struct group, entry )
536 size_t size = FIELD_OFFSET( struct group, sid.SubAuthority[group->sid.SubAuthorityCount] );
537 struct group *newgroup = mem_alloc( size );
538 if (!newgroup)
540 release_object( token );
541 return NULL;
543 memcpy( newgroup, group, size );
544 list_add_tail( &token->groups, &newgroup->entry );
546 token->primary_group = src_token->primary_group;
547 assert( token->primary_group );
549 /* copy privileges */
550 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( privilege, &src_token->privileges, struct privilege, entry )
551 if (!privilege_add( token, &privilege->luid, privilege->enabled ))
553 release_object( token );
554 return NULL;
557 return token;
560 static ACL *create_default_dacl( const SID *user )
562 ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE *aaa;
563 ACL *default_dacl;
564 SID *sid;
565 size_t default_dacl_size = sizeof(ACL) +
566 2*(sizeof(ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE) - sizeof(DWORD)) +
567 sizeof(local_system_sid) +
568 FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[user->SubAuthorityCount]);
570 default_dacl = mem_alloc( default_dacl_size );
571 if (!default_dacl) return NULL;
573 default_dacl->AclRevision = ACL_REVISION;
574 default_dacl->Sbz1 = 0;
575 default_dacl->AclSize = default_dacl_size;
576 default_dacl->AceCount = 2;
577 default_dacl->Sbz2 = 0;
579 /* GENERIC_ALL for Local System */
580 aaa = (ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE *)(default_dacl + 1);
581 aaa->Header.AceType = ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE_TYPE;
582 aaa->Header.AceFlags = 0;
583 aaa->Header.AceSize = (sizeof(ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE) - sizeof(DWORD)) +
584 sizeof(local_system_sid);
585 aaa->Mask = GENERIC_ALL;
586 sid = (SID *)&aaa->SidStart;
587 memcpy( sid, &local_system_sid, sizeof(local_system_sid) );
589 /* GENERIC_ALL for specified user */
590 aaa = (ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE *)((char *)aaa + aaa->Header.AceSize);
591 aaa->Header.AceType = ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE_TYPE;
592 aaa->Header.AceFlags = 0;
593 aaa->Header.AceSize = (sizeof(ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE) - sizeof(DWORD)) +
594 FIELD_OFFSET( SID, SubAuthority[user->SubAuthorityCount] );
595 aaa->Mask = GENERIC_ALL;
596 sid = (SID *)&aaa->SidStart;
597 memcpy( sid, user, FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[user->SubAuthorityCount]) );
599 return default_dacl;
602 struct sid_data
604 SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY idauth;
605 int count;
606 unsigned int subauth[MAX_SUBAUTH_COUNT];
609 struct token *token_create_admin( void )
611 struct token *token = NULL;
612 static const SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY nt_authority = { SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY };
613 static const unsigned int alias_admins_subauth[] = { SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID, DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS };
614 static const unsigned int alias_users_subauth[] = { SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID, DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_USERS };
615 /* on Windows, this value changes every time the user logs on */
616 static const unsigned int logon_subauth[] = { SECURITY_LOGON_IDS_RID, 0, 1 /* FIXME: should be randomly generated when tokens are inherited by new processes */ };
617 PSID alias_admins_sid;
618 PSID alias_users_sid;
619 PSID logon_sid;
620 /* note: should be the owner specified in the token */
621 ACL *default_dacl = create_default_dacl( &interactive_sid );
623 alias_admins_sid = security_sid_alloc( &nt_authority, sizeof(alias_admins_subauth)/sizeof(alias_admins_subauth[0]),
624 alias_admins_subauth );
625 alias_users_sid = security_sid_alloc( &nt_authority, sizeof(alias_users_subauth)/sizeof(alias_users_subauth[0]),
626 alias_users_subauth );
627 logon_sid = security_sid_alloc( &nt_authority, sizeof(logon_subauth)/sizeof(logon_subauth[0]),
628 logon_subauth );
630 if (alias_admins_sid && alias_users_sid && logon_sid && default_dacl)
632 const LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES admin_privs[] =
634 { SeChangeNotifyPrivilege , SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED },
635 { SeSecurityPrivilege , 0 },
636 { SeBackupPrivilege , 0 },
637 { SeRestorePrivilege , 0 },
638 { SeSystemtimePrivilege , 0 },
639 { SeShutdownPrivilege , 0 },
640 { SeRemoteShutdownPrivilege , 0 },
641 { SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege , 0 },
642 { SeDebugPrivilege , 0 },
643 { SeSystemEnvironmentPrivilege , 0 },
644 { SeSystemProfilePrivilege , 0 },
645 { SeProfileSingleProcessPrivilege, 0 },
646 { SeIncreaseBasePriorityPrivilege, 0 },
647 { SeLoadDriverPrivilege , SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED },
648 { SeCreatePagefilePrivilege , 0 },
649 { SeIncreaseQuotaPrivilege , 0 },
650 { SeUndockPrivilege , 0 },
651 { SeManageVolumePrivilege , 0 },
652 { SeImpersonatePrivilege , SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED },
653 { SeCreateGlobalPrivilege , SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED },
655 /* note: we don't include non-builtin groups here for the user -
656 * telling us these is the job of a client-side program */
657 const SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES admin_groups[] =
659 { security_world_sid, SE_GROUP_ENABLED|SE_GROUP_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT|SE_GROUP_MANDATORY },
660 { security_local_sid, SE_GROUP_ENABLED|SE_GROUP_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT|SE_GROUP_MANDATORY },
661 { security_interactive_sid, SE_GROUP_ENABLED|SE_GROUP_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT|SE_GROUP_MANDATORY },
662 { security_authenticated_user_sid, SE_GROUP_ENABLED|SE_GROUP_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT|SE_GROUP_MANDATORY },
663 { alias_admins_sid, SE_GROUP_ENABLED|SE_GROUP_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT|SE_GROUP_MANDATORY|SE_GROUP_OWNER },
664 { alias_users_sid, SE_GROUP_ENABLED|SE_GROUP_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT|SE_GROUP_MANDATORY },
665 { logon_sid, SE_GROUP_ENABLED|SE_GROUP_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT|SE_GROUP_MANDATORY|SE_GROUP_LOGON_ID },
667 static const TOKEN_SOURCE admin_source = {"SeMgr", {0, 0}};
668 token = create_token( TRUE, security_unix_uid_to_sid( getuid() ),
669 admin_groups, sizeof(admin_groups)/sizeof(admin_groups[0]),
670 admin_privs, sizeof(admin_privs)/sizeof(admin_privs[0]),
671 default_dacl, admin_source, NULL, -1 );
672 /* we really need a primary group */
673 assert( token->primary_group );
676 free( logon_sid );
677 free( alias_admins_sid );
678 free( alias_users_sid );
679 free( default_dacl );
681 return token;
684 static struct privilege *token_find_privilege( struct token *token, const LUID *luid, int enabled_only )
686 struct privilege *privilege;
687 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( privilege, &token->privileges, struct privilege, entry )
689 if (is_equal_luid( luid, &privilege->luid ))
691 if (enabled_only && !privilege->enabled)
692 return NULL;
693 return privilege;
696 return NULL;
699 static unsigned int token_adjust_privileges( struct token *token, const LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *privs,
700 unsigned int count, LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *mod_privs,
701 unsigned int mod_privs_count )
703 unsigned int i, modified_count = 0;
705 /* mark as modified */
706 allocate_luid( &token->modified_id );
708 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
710 struct privilege *privilege =
711 token_find_privilege( token, &privs[i].Luid, FALSE );
712 if (!privilege)
714 set_error( STATUS_NOT_ALL_ASSIGNED );
715 continue;
718 if (privs[i].Attributes & SE_PRIVILEGE_REMOVE)
719 privilege_remove( privilege );
720 else
722 /* save previous state for caller */
723 if (mod_privs_count)
725 luid_and_attr_from_privilege(mod_privs, privilege);
726 mod_privs++;
727 mod_privs_count--;
728 modified_count++;
731 if (privs[i].Attributes & SE_PRIVILEGE_ENABLED)
732 privilege->enabled = TRUE;
733 else
734 privilege->enabled = FALSE;
737 return modified_count;
740 static void token_disable_privileges( struct token *token )
742 struct privilege *privilege;
744 /* mark as modified */
745 allocate_luid( &token->modified_id );
747 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( privilege, &token->privileges, struct privilege, entry )
748 privilege->enabled = FALSE;
751 int token_check_privileges( struct token *token, int all_required,
752 const LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *reqprivs,
753 unsigned int count, LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *usedprivs)
755 unsigned int i, enabled_count = 0;
757 for (i = 0; i < count; i++)
759 struct privilege *privilege =
760 token_find_privilege( token, &reqprivs[i].Luid, TRUE );
762 if (usedprivs)
763 usedprivs[i] = reqprivs[i];
765 if (privilege && privilege->enabled)
767 enabled_count++;
768 if (usedprivs)
769 usedprivs[i].Attributes |= SE_PRIVILEGE_USED_FOR_ACCESS;
773 if (all_required)
774 return (enabled_count == count);
775 else
776 return (enabled_count > 0);
779 int token_sid_present( struct token *token, const SID *sid, int deny )
781 struct group *group;
783 if (security_equal_sid( token->user, sid )) return TRUE;
785 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( group, &token->groups, struct group, entry )
787 if (!group->enabled) continue;
788 if (group->deny_only && !deny) continue;
790 if (security_equal_sid( &group->sid, sid )) return TRUE;
793 return FALSE;
796 /* Checks access to a security descriptor. 'sd' must have been validated by
797 * caller. It returns STATUS_SUCCESS if call succeeded or an error indicating
798 * the reason. 'status' parameter will indicate if access is granted or denied.
800 * If both returned value and 'status' are STATUS_SUCCESS then access is granted.
802 static unsigned int token_access_check( struct token *token,
803 const struct security_descriptor *sd,
804 unsigned int desired_access,
805 LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *privs,
806 unsigned int *priv_count,
807 const GENERIC_MAPPING *mapping,
808 unsigned int *granted_access,
809 unsigned int *status )
811 unsigned int current_access = 0;
812 unsigned int denied_access = 0;
813 ULONG i;
814 const ACL *dacl;
815 int dacl_present;
816 const ACE_HEADER *ace;
817 const SID *owner;
819 /* assume no access rights */
820 *granted_access = 0;
822 /* fail if desired_access contains generic rights */
823 if (desired_access & (GENERIC_READ|GENERIC_WRITE|GENERIC_EXECUTE|GENERIC_ALL))
825 *priv_count = 0;
826 return STATUS_GENERIC_NOT_MAPPED;
829 dacl = sd_get_dacl( sd, &dacl_present );
830 owner = sd_get_owner( sd );
831 if (!owner || !sd_get_group( sd ))
833 *priv_count = 0;
834 return STATUS_INVALID_SECURITY_DESCR;
837 /* 1: Grant desired access if the object is unprotected */
838 if (!dacl_present || !dacl)
840 *priv_count = 0;
841 *granted_access = desired_access;
842 return *status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
845 /* 2: Check if caller wants access to system security part. Note: access
846 * is only granted if specifically asked for */
847 if (desired_access & ACCESS_SYSTEM_SECURITY)
849 const LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES security_priv = { SeSecurityPrivilege, 0 };
850 LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES retpriv = security_priv;
851 if (token_check_privileges( token, TRUE, &security_priv, 1, &retpriv ))
853 if (priv_count)
855 /* assumes that there will only be one privilege to return */
856 if (*priv_count >= 1)
858 *priv_count = 1;
859 *privs = retpriv;
861 else
863 *priv_count = 1;
864 return STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL;
867 current_access |= ACCESS_SYSTEM_SECURITY;
868 if (desired_access == current_access)
870 *granted_access = current_access;
871 return *status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
874 else
876 *priv_count = 0;
877 *status = STATUS_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD;
878 return STATUS_SUCCESS;
881 else if (priv_count) *priv_count = 0;
883 /* 3: Check whether the token is the owner */
884 /* NOTE: SeTakeOwnershipPrivilege is not checked for here - it is instead
885 * checked when a "set owner" call is made, overriding the access rights
886 * determined here. */
887 if (token_sid_present( token, owner, FALSE ))
889 current_access |= (READ_CONTROL | WRITE_DAC);
890 if (desired_access == current_access)
892 *granted_access = current_access;
893 return *status = STATUS_SUCCESS;
897 /* 4: Grant rights according to the DACL */
898 ace = (const ACE_HEADER *)(dacl + 1);
899 for (i = 0; i < dacl->AceCount; i++, ace = ace_next( ace ))
901 const ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE *aa_ace;
902 const ACCESS_DENIED_ACE *ad_ace;
903 const SID *sid;
905 if (ace->AceFlags & INHERIT_ONLY_ACE)
906 continue;
908 switch (ace->AceType)
910 case ACCESS_DENIED_ACE_TYPE:
911 ad_ace = (const ACCESS_DENIED_ACE *)ace;
912 sid = (const SID *)&ad_ace->SidStart;
913 if (token_sid_present( token, sid, TRUE ))
915 unsigned int access = ad_ace->Mask;
916 map_generic_mask(&access, mapping);
917 if (desired_access & MAXIMUM_ALLOWED)
918 denied_access |= access;
919 else
921 denied_access |= (access & ~current_access);
922 if (desired_access & access) goto done;
925 break;
926 case ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE_TYPE:
927 aa_ace = (const ACCESS_ALLOWED_ACE *)ace;
928 sid = (const SID *)&aa_ace->SidStart;
929 if (token_sid_present( token, sid, FALSE ))
931 unsigned int access = aa_ace->Mask;
932 map_generic_mask(&access, mapping);
933 if (desired_access & MAXIMUM_ALLOWED)
934 current_access |= access;
935 else
936 current_access |= (access & ~denied_access);
938 break;
941 /* don't bother carrying on checking if we've already got all of
942 * rights we need */
943 if (desired_access == *granted_access)
944 break;
947 done:
948 if (desired_access & MAXIMUM_ALLOWED)
949 *granted_access = current_access & ~denied_access;
950 else
951 if ((current_access & desired_access) == desired_access)
952 *granted_access = current_access & desired_access;
953 else
954 *granted_access = 0;
956 *status = *granted_access ? STATUS_SUCCESS : STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED;
957 return STATUS_SUCCESS;
960 const ACL *token_get_default_dacl( struct token *token )
962 return token->default_dacl;
965 const SID *token_get_user( struct token *token )
967 return token->user;
970 const SID *token_get_primary_group( struct token *token )
972 return token->primary_group;
975 int check_object_access(struct object *obj, unsigned int *access)
977 GENERIC_MAPPING mapping;
978 struct token *token = current->token ? current->token : current->process->token;
979 LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES priv;
980 unsigned int status, priv_count = 1;
981 int res;
983 mapping.GenericAll = obj->ops->map_access( obj, GENERIC_ALL );
985 if (!obj->sd)
987 if (*access & MAXIMUM_ALLOWED)
988 *access = mapping.GenericAll;
989 return TRUE;
992 mapping.GenericRead = obj->ops->map_access( obj, GENERIC_READ );
993 mapping.GenericWrite = obj->ops->map_access( obj, GENERIC_WRITE );
994 mapping.GenericExecute = obj->ops->map_access( obj, GENERIC_EXECUTE );
996 res = token_access_check( token, obj->sd, *access, &priv, &priv_count,
997 &mapping, access, &status ) == STATUS_SUCCESS &&
998 status == STATUS_SUCCESS;
1000 if (!res) set_error( STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED );
1001 return res;
1005 /* open a security token */
1006 DECL_HANDLER(open_token)
1008 if (req->flags & OPEN_TOKEN_THREAD)
1010 struct thread *thread = get_thread_from_handle( req->handle, 0 );
1011 if (thread)
1013 if (thread->token)
1015 if (!thread->token->primary && thread->token->impersonation_level <= SecurityAnonymous)
1016 set_error( STATUS_CANT_OPEN_ANONYMOUS );
1017 else
1018 reply->token = alloc_handle( current->process, thread->token,
1019 req->access, req->attributes );
1021 else
1022 set_error( STATUS_NO_TOKEN );
1023 release_object( thread );
1026 else
1028 struct process *process = get_process_from_handle( req->handle, 0 );
1029 if (process)
1031 if (process->token)
1032 reply->token = alloc_handle( current->process, process->token, req->access,
1033 req->attributes );
1034 else
1035 set_error( STATUS_NO_TOKEN );
1036 release_object( process );
1041 /* adjust the privileges held by a token */
1042 DECL_HANDLER(adjust_token_privileges)
1044 struct token *token;
1045 unsigned int access = TOKEN_ADJUST_PRIVILEGES;
1047 if (req->get_modified_state) access |= TOKEN_QUERY;
1049 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1050 access, &token_ops )))
1052 const LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *privs = get_req_data();
1053 LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *modified_privs = NULL;
1054 unsigned int priv_count = get_req_data_size() / sizeof(LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES);
1055 unsigned int modified_priv_count = 0;
1057 if (req->get_modified_state && !req->disable_all)
1059 unsigned int i;
1060 /* count modified privs */
1061 for (i = 0; i < priv_count; i++)
1063 struct privilege *privilege =
1064 token_find_privilege( token, &privs[i].Luid, FALSE );
1065 if (privilege && req->get_modified_state)
1066 modified_priv_count++;
1068 reply->len = modified_priv_count;
1069 modified_priv_count = min( modified_priv_count, get_reply_max_size() / sizeof(*modified_privs) );
1070 if (modified_priv_count)
1071 modified_privs = set_reply_data_size( modified_priv_count * sizeof(*modified_privs) );
1073 reply->len = modified_priv_count * sizeof(*modified_privs);
1075 if (req->disable_all)
1076 token_disable_privileges( token );
1077 else
1078 modified_priv_count = token_adjust_privileges( token, privs,
1079 priv_count, modified_privs, modified_priv_count );
1081 release_object( token );
1085 /* retrieves the list of privileges that may be held be the token */
1086 DECL_HANDLER(get_token_privileges)
1088 struct token *token;
1090 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1091 TOKEN_QUERY,
1092 &token_ops )))
1094 int priv_count = 0;
1095 LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *privs;
1096 struct privilege *privilege;
1098 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( privilege, &token->privileges, struct privilege, entry )
1099 priv_count++;
1101 reply->len = priv_count * sizeof(*privs);
1102 if (reply->len <= get_reply_max_size())
1104 privs = set_reply_data_size( priv_count * sizeof(*privs) );
1105 if (privs)
1107 int i = 0;
1108 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( privilege, &token->privileges, struct privilege, entry )
1110 luid_and_attr_from_privilege( &privs[i], privilege );
1111 i++;
1115 else
1116 set_error(STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL);
1118 release_object( token );
1122 /* creates a duplicate of the token */
1123 DECL_HANDLER(duplicate_token)
1125 struct token *src_token;
1127 if ((src_token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1128 TOKEN_DUPLICATE,
1129 &token_ops )))
1131 struct token *token = token_duplicate( src_token, req->primary, req->impersonation_level );
1132 if (token)
1134 reply->new_handle = alloc_handle( current->process, token, req->access, req->attributes);
1135 release_object( token );
1137 release_object( src_token );
1141 /* checks the specified privileges are held by the token */
1142 DECL_HANDLER(check_token_privileges)
1144 struct token *token;
1146 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1147 TOKEN_QUERY,
1148 &token_ops )))
1150 unsigned int count = get_req_data_size() / sizeof(LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES);
1152 if (!token->primary && token->impersonation_level <= SecurityAnonymous)
1153 set_error( STATUS_BAD_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL );
1154 else if (get_reply_max_size() >= count * sizeof(LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES))
1156 LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *usedprivs = set_reply_data_size( count * sizeof(*usedprivs) );
1157 reply->has_privileges = token_check_privileges( token, req->all_required, get_req_data(), count, usedprivs );
1159 else
1160 set_error( STATUS_BUFFER_OVERFLOW );
1161 release_object( token );
1165 /* checks that a user represented by a token is allowed to access an object
1166 * represented by a security descriptor */
1167 DECL_HANDLER(access_check)
1169 data_size_t sd_size = get_req_data_size();
1170 const struct security_descriptor *sd = get_req_data();
1171 struct token *token;
1173 if (!sd_is_valid( sd, sd_size ))
1175 set_error( STATUS_ACCESS_VIOLATION );
1176 return;
1179 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1180 TOKEN_QUERY,
1181 &token_ops )))
1183 GENERIC_MAPPING mapping;
1184 unsigned int status;
1185 LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES priv;
1186 unsigned int priv_count = 1;
1188 memset(&priv, 0, sizeof(priv));
1190 /* only impersonation tokens may be used with this function */
1191 if (token->primary)
1193 set_error( STATUS_NO_IMPERSONATION_TOKEN );
1194 release_object( token );
1195 return;
1197 /* anonymous impersonation tokens can't be used */
1198 if (token->impersonation_level <= SecurityAnonymous)
1200 set_error( STATUS_BAD_IMPERSONATION_LEVEL );
1201 release_object( token );
1202 return;
1205 mapping.GenericRead = req->mapping_read;
1206 mapping.GenericWrite = req->mapping_write;
1207 mapping.GenericExecute = req->mapping_execute;
1208 mapping.GenericAll = req->mapping_all;
1210 status = token_access_check(
1211 token, sd, req->desired_access, &priv, &priv_count, &mapping,
1212 &reply->access_granted, &reply->access_status );
1214 reply->privileges_len = priv_count*sizeof(LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES);
1216 if ((priv_count > 0) && (reply->privileges_len <= get_reply_max_size()))
1218 LUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES *privs = set_reply_data_size( priv_count * sizeof(*privs) );
1219 memcpy( privs, &priv, sizeof(priv) );
1222 set_error( status );
1223 release_object( token );
1227 /* retrieves the SID of the user that the token represents */
1228 DECL_HANDLER(get_token_sid)
1230 struct token *token;
1232 reply->sid_len = 0;
1234 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1235 TOKEN_QUERY,
1236 &token_ops )))
1238 const SID *sid = NULL;
1240 switch (req->which_sid)
1242 case TokenUser:
1243 assert(token->user);
1244 sid = token->user;
1245 break;
1246 case TokenPrimaryGroup:
1247 sid = token->primary_group;
1248 break;
1249 case TokenOwner:
1251 struct group *group;
1252 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( group, &token->groups, struct group, entry )
1254 if (group->owner)
1256 sid = &group->sid;
1257 break;
1260 break;
1262 default:
1263 set_error( STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER );
1264 break;
1267 if (sid)
1269 reply->sid_len = FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[sid->SubAuthorityCount]);
1270 if (reply->sid_len <= get_reply_max_size()) set_reply_data( sid, reply->sid_len );
1271 else set_error( STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL );
1273 release_object( token );
1277 /* retrieves the groups that the user represented by the token belongs to */
1278 DECL_HANDLER(get_token_groups)
1280 struct token *token;
1282 reply->user_len = 0;
1284 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1285 TOKEN_QUERY,
1286 &token_ops )))
1288 size_t size_needed = sizeof(struct token_groups);
1289 unsigned int group_count = 0;
1290 const struct group *group;
1292 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( group, &token->groups, const struct group, entry )
1294 group_count++;
1295 size_needed += FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[group->sid.SubAuthorityCount]);
1297 size_needed += sizeof(unsigned int) * group_count;
1299 reply->user_len = size_needed;
1301 if (size_needed <= get_reply_max_size())
1303 struct token_groups *tg = set_reply_data_size( size_needed );
1304 if (tg)
1306 unsigned int *attr_ptr = (unsigned int *)(tg + 1);
1307 SID *sid_ptr = (SID *)(attr_ptr + group_count);
1309 tg->count = group_count;
1311 LIST_FOR_EACH_ENTRY( group, &token->groups, const struct group, entry )
1314 *attr_ptr = 0;
1315 if (group->mandatory) *attr_ptr |= SE_GROUP_MANDATORY;
1316 if (group->def) *attr_ptr |= SE_GROUP_ENABLED_BY_DEFAULT;
1317 if (group->enabled) *attr_ptr |= SE_GROUP_ENABLED;
1318 if (group->owner) *attr_ptr |= SE_GROUP_OWNER;
1319 if (group->deny_only) *attr_ptr |= SE_GROUP_USE_FOR_DENY_ONLY;
1320 if (group->resource) *attr_ptr |= SE_GROUP_RESOURCE;
1321 if (group->logon) *attr_ptr |= SE_GROUP_LOGON_ID;
1323 memcpy(sid_ptr, &group->sid, FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[group->sid.SubAuthorityCount]));
1325 sid_ptr = (SID *)((char *)sid_ptr + FIELD_OFFSET(SID, SubAuthority[group->sid.SubAuthorityCount]));
1326 attr_ptr++;
1330 else set_error( STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL );
1332 release_object( token );
1336 DECL_HANDLER(get_token_impersonation_level)
1338 struct token *token;
1340 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1341 TOKEN_QUERY,
1342 &token_ops )))
1344 if (token->primary)
1345 set_error( STATUS_INVALID_PARAMETER );
1346 else
1347 reply->impersonation_level = token->impersonation_level;
1349 release_object( token );
1353 DECL_HANDLER(get_token_statistics)
1355 struct token *token;
1357 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1358 TOKEN_QUERY,
1359 &token_ops )))
1361 reply->token_id = token->token_id;
1362 reply->modified_id = token->modified_id;
1363 reply->primary = token->primary;
1364 reply->impersonation_level = token->impersonation_level;
1365 reply->group_count = list_count( &token->groups );
1366 reply->privilege_count = list_count( &token->privileges );
1368 release_object( token );
1372 DECL_HANDLER(get_token_default_dacl)
1374 struct token *token;
1376 reply->acl_len = 0;
1378 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1379 TOKEN_QUERY,
1380 &token_ops )))
1382 if (token->default_dacl)
1383 reply->acl_len = token->default_dacl->AclSize;
1385 if (reply->acl_len <= get_reply_max_size())
1387 ACL *acl_reply = set_reply_data_size( reply->acl_len );
1388 if (acl_reply)
1389 memcpy( acl_reply, token->default_dacl, reply->acl_len );
1391 else set_error( STATUS_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL );
1393 release_object( token );
1397 DECL_HANDLER(set_token_default_dacl)
1399 struct token *token;
1401 if ((token = (struct token *)get_handle_obj( current->process, req->handle,
1402 TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT,
1403 &token_ops )))
1405 const ACL *acl = get_req_data();
1406 unsigned int acl_size = get_req_data_size();
1408 free( token->default_dacl );
1409 token->default_dacl = NULL;
1411 if (acl_size)
1412 token->default_dacl = memdup( acl, acl_size );
1414 release_object( token );