2 I. Capturing packets with Wireshark/Tshark
4 There are two ways of installing Wireshark/Tshark on Debian; the
5 installation process may offer a choice between these two ways,
6 asking "Should non-superuser be able to capture packets?"
8 I./a. Installing dumpcap without allowing non-root users to capture packets
10 Only root user will be able to capture packets. It is advised to capture
11 packets with the bundled dumpcap program as root and then run
12 Wireshark/Tshark as an ordinary user to analyze the captured logs. [2]
14 This is the default on Debian systems; it is selected by answering
15 "<No>" to the question mentioned above.
17 I./b. Installing dumpcap and allowing non-root users to capture packets
19 Members of the wireshark group will be able to capture packets on network
20 interfaces. This is the preferred way of installation if Wireshark/Tshark
21 will be used for capturing and displaying packets at the same time, since
22 that way only the dumpcap process has to be run with elevated privileges
23 thanks to the privilege separation[1].
25 This is selected by answering "<Yes>" to the question mentioned
28 Note that no user will be added to group wireshark automatically;
29 a system administrator has to add them manually, using the usermod
32 sudo usermod -a -G wireshark {username}
34 or, if you're using a desktop environment that includes a tool for
35 managing users, such as the "Users and Groups" tool in GNOME (found
36 in the gnome-system-tools package), using that tool. After a user
37 is added to the wireshark group, she/he may need to log in again to
38 make her/his new group membership take effect and be able to capture
41 The additional privileges are provided using the Linux Capabilities
42 system where it is available and resorting to setting the set-user-id
43 bit of the dumpcap binary as a fall-back, where the Linux Capabilities
44 system is not present (Debian GNU/kFreeBSD, Debian GNU/Hurd).
46 Linux kernels provided by Debian support Linux Capabilities, but custom
47 built kernels may lack this support. If the support for Linux
48 Capabilities is not present at the time of installing wireshark-common
49 package, the installer will fall back to set the set-user-id bit to
50 allow non-root users to capture packets.
52 If installation succeeds with using Linux Capabilities, non-root users
53 will not be able to capture packets while running kernels not supporting
56 Note that capturing USB packets is not enabled for non-root users by using
57 Linux Capabilities. You have to capture the packets using the method
58 described in I./a., setting the set-user-id permanently using
59 dpkg-statoverride or running dumpcap as root.
61 The installation method can be changed any time by running:
63 sudo dpkg-reconfigure wireshark-common
65 The question mentioned above will be asked; answer "<Yes>" to it.
68 II. Installing SNMP MIBs
70 SNMP [4] OIDs can be decoded using MIBs provided by other packages.
71 wireshark-common suggests snmp-mibs-downloader which package can be used to
72 download a set of common MIBs Wireshark/Tshark tries to load at startup.
74 At the time of writing, MIBs are distributed under DFSG incompatible terms
75 [5] thus snmp-mibs-downloader has to be in the non-free archive area.
76 To keep wireshark in the main area [7], wireshark-common does not depend on
77 or recommend snmp-mibs-downloader and as a result snmp-mibs-downloader is
78 not installed automatically with wireshark.
80 To make Wireshark/Tshark able to decode OIDs, please install
81 snmp-mibs-downloader manually.
83 To help Wireshark/Tshark to decode OIDs without having to install packages
84 manually, please support the initiative of requesting additional rights
88 [1] https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/wikis/Development/PrivilegeSeparation
89 [2] https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/wikis/CaptureSetup/CapturePrivileges
90 [3] https://blog.wireshark.org/2010/02/running-wireshark-as-you
91 [4] https://gitlab.com/wireshark/wireshark/-/wikis/SNMP
92 [5] https://wiki.debian.org/NonFreeIETFDocuments
93 [6] https://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-archive.html#s-non-free
94 [7] https://www.debian.org/doc/debian-policy/ch-archive.html#s-main