as is a reserved keyword now, upadting ikog

[worddb.git] / dicts / short-articles.xml

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  <page>
    <title>Wiktionary:Welcome, newcomers</title>
    <id>6</id>
    <restrictions>edit=autoconfirmed:move=sysop</restrictions>
    <revision>
      <id>3304831</id>
      <timestamp>2007-11-18T02:42:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rodasmith</username>
        <id>5312</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>contributors are extraordinary :-) ; merge defense of open-to-everyone with similar paragraph; copyedit</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">Hello, and welcome! [[Wiktionary]] is a [[multilingual]] (multiple-language), [[free]] [[dictionary]] and [[:Category:Wikisaurus|thesaurus]], being written [[collaborative]]ly on this website by people from around the world. [[entry|Entries]] may be [[edit]]ed by anyone!

We have created '''{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}''' articles since starting in [[December]], 2002, and we’re growing rapidly.

==Editing Wiktionary==
People like you are very active in building this [[project]]. While you are reading this, it is likely someone is editing one of our entries. Many [[knowledgeable]] people are already at work, but everybody is [[welcome]]!

Contributing does not require [{{fullurl:Special:Userlogin|type=signup}} logging in], but we’d [[prefer]] that you do, as it [[facilitate]]s the [[administration]] of this site. (Note that logging in also prevents the [[IP]] address of your computer from being displayed in the [{{fullurl:Wiktionary:Welcome, newcomers|action=history}} page history].)

You can [[dive in]] right now and add or alter a definition, add example sentences, or help us to properly format or categorize entries. You can even [[Help:Starting a new page|create a page]] for a term we’re missing. Feel free to [[Wiktionary:Be bold in updating pages|be bold]] in editing pages!

How does allowing everyone to edit produce a high-quality product instead of total anarchy?  Because most people want to help, and keeping it open to everyone creates the potential for making many good and ever-improving entries. Records are kept of all changes, so even bad edits can easily be [[revert]]ed by other users. To use a now-famous [[w:Eric S. Raymond|catchphrase]], in essence: “Given enough eyeballs, all errors are shallow.”

To start out, you might want to use the &quot;[[Special:Recentchanges|Recent changes]]&quot; or &quot;[[Special:Random|Random page]]&quot; link (found in the navigation box elsewhere on this page), to get an idea of the kinds of pages you can find here. (You might be surprised how many non-English words we already have!)

==Norms and etiquette==
One important thing you should know is that we have borrowed from our sister project [[Wikipedia:|Wikipedia]] some [[Wikipedia:Norm (sociology)|cultural norms]] you should respect:
# We try not to argue pointlessly. This isn’t a debate forum. After [[civilized]] and reasonable discussion, we try to reach broad [[consensus]] in order to present an accurate, neutral summary of all relevant facts for future readers.
# We try to make the entries as unbiased as we can, meaning that definitions or descriptions — even of controversial topics — are not meant to be platforms for preaching of any kind.
# Bear in mind this is a ''dictionary'', which means there are many [[Wiktionary:What Wiktionary is not|things it is not]].
# At any point, if you are uncomfortable changing someone else’s work, and you want to add a thought (or question or comment) about an entry or other page, the place is its [[Wiktionary:Talk page|talk page]] (click on the &quot;discussion&quot; tab at the top or the &quot;Discuss this page&quot; link in the sidebar or elsewhere, depending on your preference skin). Note, though, that we try to keep discussion focused on improving this dictionary.

==For more information==
More introductory information and descriptions of community norms are on the following pages:
*[[Wiktionary:How to explore Wiktionary|How to explore Wiktionary]] 
*[[Help:Starting a new page|How to start a page]] 
*[[Help:How to edit a page|How to edit a page]] 
*[[Wiktionary:Staying cool when the editing gets hot|Staying cool when editing gets hot]]
*[[Help:FAQ|Wiktionary FAQ]]

For more policy and style guidelines or guidance, see our [[Wiktionary:Community Portal|Community Portal]].

[[it:Aiuto:Benvenuto]]
[[ro:Wik%C5%A3ionar:Bun_venit]]
[[cy:Wiciadur:Croeso, newydd-ddyfodiaid]]
[[de:Wiktionary:Willkommen]]
[[eo:Vikivortaro:Enkonduko]]
[[es:Wikcionario:Bienvenido]]
[[hr:Wječnik:Dobrodošli]]
[[id:Wiktionary:Perihal]]
[[lb:Wiktionary:Wëllkomm]]
[[nl:Wiktionary:Welkom]]
[[pt:Wikcionário:Bem-vindo]]
[[ro:Wikţionar:Despre]]
[[vi:Wiktionary:Chào mừng người mới đến]]
[[zh:Wiktionary:%E6%AC%A2%E8%BF%8E%EF%BC%8C%E6%96%B0%E6%9D%A5%E8%80%85]]
[[km:Wiktionary:ស្វាគមន៍]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wiktionary:GNU Free Documentation License</title>
    <id>7</id>
    <revision>
      <id>3911219</id>
      <timestamp>2008-03-10T11:40:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>193.49.124.107</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Using the GFDL */</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">The '''GNU Free Documentation License''' (GFDL) is a [[w:copyleft|copyleft]] license for [[w:open content|open content]], designed by the [[w:Free Software Foundation|Free Software Foundation]] (FSF) for the [[w:GNU|GNU]] project.  The official text of version 1.1 of the license text can be found at: http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/fdl.html

The license is designed for software documentation and other reference and instructional materials. It stipulates that any copy of the material, even if modified, carry the same license. Those copies may be sold but, if produced in quantity, have to be made available in a format which facilitates further editing. 

== Secondary Sections ==

The license explicitly separates the &quot;[[w:GNU_Free_Documentation_License/Document|Document]]&quot; from &quot;[[w:GNU_Free_Documentation_License/Secondary Sections|Secondary Sections]]&quot;, which may not be integrated with the Document, but exist as front-matter materials or appendices. Secondary sections can contain information regarding the author's or publisher's relationship to the subject matter, but not any subject matter itself. While the Document itself is wholly editable, and is essentially covered by a license equivalent to the [[w:GNU General Public License|GNU General Public License]], some of the secondary sections have various restrictions designed primarily to deal with proper attribution to previous authors.

Specifically, the authors of prior versions have to be acknowledged and certain &quot;invariant sections&quot; specified by the original author and dealing with his or her relationship to the subject matter may not be changed.  If the material is modified, its title has to be changed (unless the prior authors give permission to retain the title). The license also has provisions for the handling of [[w:GNU_Free_Documentation_License/Cover_Texts|front-cover and back-cover texts]] of books, as well as for &quot;History&quot;, &quot;Acknowledgements&quot;, &quot;Dedications&quot; and &quot;Endorsements&quot; sections.

== Using the GFDL ==

For a document to be covered by the GFDL, one must include a [[w:GNU_Free_Documentation_License/Copyright and license notice|specific copyright and license notice]].

== Wiktionary and GFDL ==

All Wiktionary articles are licensed to the public under the GNU Free Documentation License. See [[Wiktionary:Copyrights]] for the details. The local copy of the license, as required by the terms of the GFDL, is at [[Wiktionary:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License]].

See also:
* [[w:GNU|GNU]]
* [[w:GNU General Public License|GNU General Public License]]: a similar license for software
* [[w:Open content|Open content]] 
* [[w:Copyleft|Copyleft]]

[[ca:gNU Free Documentation License]]
[[da:Wiktionary:GNU Free Documentation License]]
[[eo:GFDL]]
[[it:GNU Free Documentation License]]
[[csb:Wikisłowôrz:GNU Free Documentation License]]
[[pt:Wikcionário:GNU Free Documentation License]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wiktionary:Text of the GNU Free Documentation License</title>
    <id>8</id>
    <restrictions>sysop</restrictions>
    <revision>
      <id>342851</id>
      <timestamp>2005-06-28T13:06:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Wonderfool</username>
        <id>3167</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>catted</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">GNU Free Documentation License

Version 1.1, March 2000

&lt;pre&gt;
Copyright (C) 2000  Free Software Foundation, Inc.
59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
&lt;/pre&gt;

== 0. PREAMBLE ==

The purpose of this License is to make a manual, textbook, or other written document &quot;free&quot; in the sense of freedom: to assure everyone the effective freedom to copy and redistribute it, with or without modifying it, either commercially or noncommercially. Secondarily, this License preserves for the author and publisher a way to get credit for their work, while not being considered responsible for modifications made by others.

This License is a kind of &quot;copyleft&quot;, which means that derivative works of the document must themselves be free in the same sense. It complements the GNU General Public License, which is a copyleft license designed for free software.

We have designed this License in order to use it for manuals for free software, because free software needs free documentation: a free program should come with manuals providing the same freedoms that the software does. But this License is not limited to software manuals; it can be used for any textual work, regardless of subject matter or whether it is published as a printed book. We recommend this License principally for works whose purpose is instruction or reference.

==  1. APPLICABILITY AND DEFINITIONS ==

This License applies to any manual or other work that contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it can be distributed under the terms of this License. The &quot;Document&quot;, below, refers to any such manual or work. Any member of the public is a licensee, and is addressed as &quot;you&quot;.

A &quot;Modified Version&quot; of the Document means any work containing the Document or a portion of it, either copied verbatim, or with modifications and/or translated into another language.

A &quot;Secondary Section&quot; is a named appendix or a front-matter section of the Document that deals exclusively with the relationship of the publishers or authors of the Document to the Document's overall subject (or to related matters) and contains nothing that could fall directly within that overall subject. (For example, if the Document is in part a textbook of mathematics, a Secondary Section may not explain any mathematics.) The relationship could be a matter of historical connection with the subject or with related matters, or of legal, commercial, philosophical, ethical or political position regarding them.

The &quot;Invariant Sections&quot; are certain Secondary Sections whose titles are designated, as being those of Invariant Sections, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.

The &quot;Cover Texts&quot; are certain short passages of text that are listed, as Front-Cover Texts or Back-Cover Texts, in the notice that says that the Document is released under this License.

A &quot;Transparent&quot; copy of the Document means a machine-readable copy, represented in a format whose specification is available to the general public, whose contents can be viewed and edited directly and straightforwardly with generic text editors or (for images composed of pixels) generic paint programs or (for drawings) some widely available drawing editor, and that is suitable for input to text formatters or for automatic translation to a variety of formats suitable for input to text formatters. A copy made in an otherwise Transparent file format whose markup has been designed to thwart or discourage subsequent modification by readers is not Transparent. A copy that is not &quot;Transparent&quot; is called &quot;Opaque&quot;.

Examples of suitable formats for Transparent copies include plain ASCII without markup, Texinfo input format, LaTeX input format, SGML or XML using a publicly available DTD, and standard-conforming simple HTML designed for human modification. Opaque formats include PostScript, PDF, proprietary formats that can be read and edited only by proprietary word processors, SGML or XML for which the DTD and/or processing tools are not generally available, and the machine-generated HTML produced by some word processors for output purposes only.

The &quot;Title Page&quot; means, for a printed book, the title page itself, plus such following pages as are needed to hold, legibly, the material this License requires to appear in the title page. For works in formats which do not have any title page as such, &quot;Title Page&quot; means the text near the most prominent appearance of the work's title, preceding the beginning of the body of the text.

== 2. VERBATIM COPYING ==

You may copy and distribute the Document in any medium, either commercially or noncommercially, provided that this License, the copyright notices, and the license notice saying this License applies to the Document are reproduced in all copies, and that you add no other conditions whatsoever to those of this License. You may not use technical measures to obstruct or control the reading or further copying of the copies you make or distribute. However, you may accept compensation in exchange for copies. If you distribute a large enough number of copies you must also follow the conditions in section 3.

You may also lend copies, under the same conditions stated above, and you may publicly display copies.

== 3. COPYING IN QUANTITY ==

If you publish printed copies of the Document numbering more than 100, and the Document's license notice requires Cover Texts, you must enclose the copies in covers that carry, clearly and legibly, all these Cover Texts: Front-Cover Texts on the front cover, and Back-Cover Texts on the back cover. Both covers must also clearly and legibly identify you as the publisher of these copies. The front cover must present the full title with all words of the title equally prominent and visible. You may add other material on the covers in addition. Copying with changes limited to the covers, as long as they preserve the title of the Document and satisfy these conditions, can be treated as verbatim copying in other respects.

If the required texts for either cover are too voluminous to fit legibly, you should put the first ones listed (as many as fit reasonably) on the actual cover, and continue the rest onto adjacent pages.

If you publish or distribute Opaque copies of the Document numbering more than 100, you must either include a machine-readable Transparent copy along with each Opaque copy, or state in or with each Opaque copy a publicly-accessible computer-network location containing a complete Transparent copy of the Document, free of added material, which the general network-using public has access to download anonymously at no charge using public-standard network protocols. If you use the latter option, you must take reasonably prudent steps, when you begin distribution of Opaque copies in quantity, to ensure that this Transparent copy will remain thus accessible at the stated location until at least one year after the last time you distribute an Opaque copy (directly or through your agents or retailers) of that edition to the public.

It is requested, but not required, that you contact the authors of the Document well before redistributing any large number of copies, to give them a chance to provide you with an updated version of the Document.

== 4. MODIFICATIONS ==

You may copy and distribute a Modified Version of the Document under the conditions of sections 2 and 3 above, provided that you release the Modified Version under precisely this License, with the Modified Version filling the role of the Document, thus licensing distribution and modification of the Modified Version to whoever possesses a copy of it. In addition, you must do these things in the Modified Version:

* A. Use in the Title Page (and on the covers, if any) a title distinct from that of the Document, and from those of previous versions (which should, if there were any, be listed in the History section of the Document). You may use the same title as a previous version if the original publisher of that version gives permission.
* B. List on the Title Page, as authors, one or more persons or entities responsible for authorship of the modifications in the Modified Version, together with at least five of the principal authors of the Document (all of its principal authors, if it has less than five).
* C. State on the Title page the name of the publisher of the Modified Version, as the publisher.
* D. Preserve all the copyright notices of the Document.
* E. Add an appropriate copyright notice for your modifications adjacent to the other copyright notices.
* F. Include, immediately after the copyright notices, a license notice giving the public permission to use the Modified Version under the terms of this License, in the form shown in the Addendum below.
* G. Preserve in that license notice the full lists of Invariant Sections and required Cover Texts given in the Document's license notice.
* H. Include an unaltered copy of this License.
* I. Preserve the section entitled &quot;History&quot;, and its title, and add to it an item stating at least the title, year, new authors, and publisher of the Modified Version as given on the Title Page. If there is no section entitled &quot;History&quot; in the Document, create one stating the title, year, authors, and publisher of the Document as given on its Title Page, then add an item describing the Modified Version as stated in the previous sentence.
* J. Preserve the network location, if any, given in the Document for public access to a Transparent copy of the Document, and likewise the network locations given in the Document for previous versions it was based on. These may be placed in the &quot;History&quot; section. You may omit a network location for a work that was published at least four years before the Document itself, or if the original publisher of the version it refers to gives permission.
* K. In any section entitled &quot;Acknowledgements&quot; or &quot;Dedications&quot;, preserve the section's title, and preserve in the section all the substance and tone of each of the contributor acknowledgements and/or dedications given therein.
* L. Preserve all the Invariant Sections of the Document, unaltered in their text and in their titles. Section numbers or the equivalent are not considered part of the section titles.
* M. Delete any section entitled &quot;Endorsements&quot;. Such a section may not be included in the Modified Version.
* N. Do not retitle any existing section as &quot;Endorsements&quot; or to conflict in title with any Invariant Section.

If the Modified Version includes new front-matter sections or appendices that qualify as Secondary Sections and contain no material copied from the Document, you may at your option designate some or all of these sections as invariant. To do this, add their titles to the list of Invariant Sections in the Modified Version's license notice. These titles must be distinct from any other section titles.

You may add a section entitled &quot;Endorsements&quot;, provided it contains nothing but endorsements of your Modified Version by various parties--for example, statements of peer review or that the text has been approved by an organization as the authoritative definition of a standard.

You may add a passage of up to five words as a Front-Cover Text, and a passage of up to 25 words as a Back-Cover Text, to the end of the list of Cover Texts in the Modified Version. Only one passage of Front-Cover Text and one of Back-Cover Text may be added by (or through arrangements made by) any one entity. If the Document already includes a cover text for the same cover, previously added by you or by arrangement made by the same entity you are acting on behalf of, you may not add another; but you may replace the old one, on explicit permission from the previous publisher that added the old one.

The author(s) and publisher(s) of the Document do not by this License give permission to use their names for publicity for or to assert or imply endorsement of any Modified Version.

== 5. COMBINING DOCUMENTS ==

You may combine the Document with other documents released under this License, under the terms defined in section 4 above for modified versions, provided that you include in the combination all of the Invariant Sections of all of the original documents, unmodified, and list them all as Invariant Sections of your combined work in its license notice.

The combined work need only contain one copy of this License, and multiple identical Invariant Sections may be replaced with a single copy. If there are multiple Invariant Sections with the same name but different contents, make the title of each such section unique by adding at the end of it, in parentheses, the name of the original author or publisher of that section if known, or else a unique number. Make the same adjustment to the section titles in the list of Invariant Sections in the license notice of the combined work.

In the combination, you must combine any sections entitled &quot;History&quot; in the various original documents, forming one section entitled &quot;History&quot;; likewise combine any sections entitled &quot;Acknowledgements&quot;, and any sections entitled &quot;Dedications&quot;. You must delete all sections entitled &quot;Endorsements.&quot;

== 6. COLLECTIONS OF DOCUMENTS ==

You may make a collection consisting of the Document and other documents released under this License, and replace the individual copies of this License in the various documents with a single copy that is included in the collection, provided that you follow the rules of this License for verbatim copying of each of the documents in all other respects.

You may extract a single document from such a collection, and distribute it individually under this License, provided you insert a copy of this License into the extracted document, and follow this License in all other respects regarding verbatim copying of that document.

== 7. AGGREGATION WITH INDEPENDENT WORKS ==

A compilation of the Document or its derivatives with other separate and independent documents or works, in or on a volume of a storage or distribution medium, does not as a whole count as a Modified Version of the Document, provided no compilation copyright is claimed for the compilation. Such a compilation is called an &quot;aggregate&quot;, and this License does not apply to the other self-contained works thus compiled with the Document, on account of their being thus compiled, if they are not themselves derivative works of the Document.

If the Cover Text requirement of section 3 is applicable to these copies of the Document, then if the Document is less than one quarter of the entire aggregate, the Document's Cover Texts may be placed on covers that surround only the Document within the aggregate. Otherwise they must appear on covers around the whole aggregate.

== 8. TRANSLATION ==

Translation is considered a kind of modification, so you may distribute translations of the Document under the terms of section 4. Replacing Invariant Sections with translations requires special permission from their copyright holders, but you may include translations of some or all Invariant Sections in addition to the original versions of these Invariant Sections. You may include a translation of this License provided that you also include the original English version of this License. In case of a disagreement between the translation and the original English version of this License, the original English version will prevail.

== 9. TERMINATION ==

You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Document except as expressly provided for under this License. Any other attempt to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Document is void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License. However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such parties remain in full compliance.

== 10. FUTURE REVISIONS OF THIS LICENSE ==

The Free Software Foundation may publish new, revised versions of the GNU Free Documentation License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. See http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/.

Each version of the License is given a distinguishing version number. If the Document specifies that a particular numbered version of this License &quot;or any later version&quot; applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions either of that specified version or of any later version that has been published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation. If the Document does not specify a version number of this License, you may choose any version ever published (not as a draft) by the Free Software Foundation.
[[Category:Wiktionary]]</text>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Wiktionary:What Wiktionary is not</title>
    <id>12</id>
    <restrictions>move=sysop</restrictions>
    <revision>
      <id>4640209</id>
      <timestamp>2008-05-26T00:16:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>208.54.15.178</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>&quot;a child will see...nothing objectionable&quot; to &quot;a child will NOT see SOMETHING objectionable&quot;, placing the negative on the verb 'see' rather than the adjective 'objectionable'</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">{{shortcut|WT:WIN|WT:NOT}}
Wiktionary is an online [[dictionary]] and, as a means to that end, also an [[w:online community|online community]]. Therefore, there are certain things that Wiktionary is ''not''.

== What Wiktionary is not ==

# Wiktionary is '''not an [[encyclopedia]], a genealogy database, or an atlas'''; that is, it is not an in-depth collection of factual information, or of data about places and people. If you are looking for an encyclopedia, try [[w:Main page|Wikipedia]]. Wiktionary articles are about words. A Wiktionary entry should focus on matters of language and wordsmithing: spelling, pronunciation, etymology, translation, usage, quotations{{,}} and links to related words and concepts. 
# [[m:Wiki is not paper|Wiktionary is '''not paper''']]. Thus, Wiktionary effectively has no size limits, can include links, can be more timely, etc. It also means that the style and length of writing appropriate for paper may not be appropriate here.
# Wiktionary is not a '''soapbox, chatroom{{,}} or discussion forum'''. 
# Wiktionary is neither a '''“[[w:Mirror (computing)|mirror]]”''' nor a '''repository of links, images{{,}} or media files'''. All content added to Wiktionary may be edited mercilessly to be included on the site. 
# Wiktionary is '''not a free wiki host or webspace provider'''. You may not host your own website at Wiktionary. If you are interested in using the [[w:wiki|wiki]] technology for a collaborative effort on anything other than writing a dictionary of all words in all languages, even if it is just a single page, there are many sites that provide wiki hosting (free or for money). You can even install wiki software on your server.
# Wiktionary is '''not a battlefield'''. Every user is expected to interact with others [[Wiktionary:Civility|civilly]], [[w:Wikipedia:Staying cool when the editing gets hot|calmly]] and in a spirit of cooperation. Do not [[Wiktionary:No personal attacks|insult]], harass or intimidate those with whom you have a disagreement. Rather, approach the matter in an intelligent manner, and engage in polite discussion. Do not create or edit articles [[w:WP:POINT|just to prove a point]]. Do not make [[w:Wikipedia:No legal threats|legal]] or other threats against Wiktionary, Wiktionarians{{,}} or the Wikimedia Foundation. Threats are not tolerated and may result in a [[w:Wikipedia:Bans and blocks|ban]].
# Wiktionary is '''not [[w:censorship|censored]] for the 'protection of minors'''' ([[w:MPAA film rating system|content-rated]]). First, anyone can edit an article and the results are displayed instantaneously, so we cannot guarantee that a child will not see or read something objectionable.  Second, Wiktionary has no organized system for the removal of material that might be thought likely to harm minors. However, articles can be, and are, censored by consensus.
# Wiktionary is '''not [[w:Monolingual|monolingual]]'''. Wiktionary is a dictionary  written in English of all words in all languages, just as Wikipedia is an encyclopedia written in English of all topics from all language-areas. Although one could look up {{term|être|lang=fr}} at fr.wiktionary ([[:fr:être]]), that would not do someone who doesn't speak French any good, and the person still wouldn't know what être meant. All of the Wiktionaries define all words from all languages in their own language, so a reader can access the definitions of all of them in their own language. 

[[cs:Wikislovník:Co Wikislovník není]]
[[de:Hilfe:Was das Wikiwörterbuch nicht ist]]
[[es:Wikcionario:Lo que Wikcionario no es]]
&lt;!--[[en:Wiktionary:What Wiktionary is not]]--&gt;
[[pt:Wikcionário:O que o wikcionário não é]]
[[vi:Wiktionary:Những gì không phải là Wiktionary]]

[[Category:Wiktionary|What Wiktionary is not]]
[[Category:Wiktionary:Help|What Wiktionary is not]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>dictionary</title>
    <id>16</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4691264</id>
      <timestamp>2008-06-05T13:39:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Interwicket</username>
        <id>46132</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>iwiki -bg</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">{{wikipedia}}
==English==

===Etymology===
{{ML.}} {{term|dictionarium}} &lt; {{L.}} {{term|dictionarius}} &lt; {{term|dictio||speaking}} &lt; perfect passive participle {{term|dictus}} &lt; verb {{term|dicere||to speak}}, plus suffix {{term|-arium||room, place}}.

===Pronunciation===
* (UK) {{IPA|/ˈdɪkʃən(ə)ɹi/}}, {{SAMPA|/&quot;dIkS@n(@)ri/}}
* (US) {{enPR|dĭk'shə-nĕr&quot;ē}}, {{IPA|/ˈdɪkʃənˌɛɹi/}}, {{SAMPA|/&quot;dIkS@n%Eri/}}
* {{audio|en-us-dictionary.ogg|Audio (US)}}
* {{audio|en-uk-dictionary.ogg|Audio (UK)}}

===Noun===
[[Image:Latin dictionary.jpg|thumb|250px|A multi-volume Latin dictionary in the [[w:University Library of Graz|University Library of Graz]].]]
{{en-noun|dictionaries}}

# A [[publication]], usually a [[book]], with a list of [[word]]s from one or more languages, normally ordered [[alphabetical]]ly and explaining each word's meaning and sometimes containing information on its etymology, usage, translations{{,}} and other data.

* {{seeCites}}

====Derived terms====
* [[fictionary]]
* [[Pictionary]]
* [[translating dictionary]]
* [[explanatory dictionary]]
* [[translationary]]
* [[Wiktionary]]

====Translations====
{{trans-top|publication that explains the meanings of an ordered list of words}}
* Albanian: {{t-|sq|fjalor|xs=Albanian}}
* [[Amuzgo]]: [[tzoⁿ 'tzítyui' jñ'o]]
* Arabic: {{Arab|[[قاموس]]}} (qá:mus), {{Arab|[[معجم]]}} (mo‘ádjam)
* Armenian: [[բառարան]] (baŕaran)
* [[Azeri]]: [[lüghɘt]]
* [[Basque]]: [[hiztegi]]
* [[Binisayâ]]: [[pagpurulungan]]
* Bosnian: {{t-|bs|rječnik|m}}
* [[Breton]]: [[geriadur]]
* Bulgarian: {{t+|bg|речник|m|tr=rečnik|sc=Cyrl}}
* Burmese: [[အဘိဓာန္]] (abhidhān)
* [[Catalan]]: [[diccionari]] {{m}}
* Chinese: [[字典]] (zìdiǎn), [[詞典]]/[[词典]] (cídiǎn)
*: Wu (Suzhou dialect): [[zïtip]]
* Croatian: {{t+|hr|rječnik|m}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|slovník|m}}
* Danish: {{t+|da|ordbog|c}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|woordenboek|n}}
* [[Erzya]]: [[валкс]]
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|vortaro|xs=Esperanto}}
* Estonian: [[sõnaraamat]], [[sõnastik]]
* Faroese: {{t+|fo|orðabók|f|xs=Faroese}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|sanakirja}}
* French: {{t+|fr|dictionnaire|m}}
* Fulani: [[saggitorde]]
* [[Galician]]: [[diccionario]] {{m}}
* Georgian: [[ლექსიკონი]] (leksik‘oni)
* German: {{t+|de|Wörterbuch|n}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|λεξικό|n|tr=lexikó|sc=Grek}}
* [[Hausa]]: [[kamus]]
* Hawaiian: [[puke wehewehe ‘ōlelo]]
* Hebrew: [[מילון]] (milón) {{m}}
* Hindi: [[शब्दकोश]] (shabdkosh), [[कोश]] (kosh)
* [[Hopi]]: [[lavaytutuveni]]
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|szótár}}
* Icelandic: {{t+|is|orðabók|f}}
* [[Ido]]: [[vortaro]]
* [[Igbo]]: [[nkowaokwu]]
* Indonesian: {{t+|id|kamus|xs=Indonesian}}
* [[Interlingua]]: [[dictionario]]
* Irish: {{t+|ga|foclóir|m|xs=Irish}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|dizionario|m}}
* Japanese: [[辞書]], [[字書]] (じしょ, jísho); [[辞典]], [[字典]] (じてん, jitén)
* [[Kannada]]: [[ನಿಘಂಟು]] {{unicode|(nighangṭu)}}, [[ಅರ್ಥಕೋಶ]] (arthakōsh)
* [[Kapampangan]]: [[talabaldugan]]
* Kazakh: {{Cyrl|[[сөздик]]}} (sözdik)
* [[Khmer]]: {{Khmr|[[វចនានុក្រម]]}} (wachanānūgrom)
* Korean: [[사전]] (辭典, sajeon)
* Kurdish: {{t+|ku|ferheng|f}}, {{t+|ku|peyvname|f}}, {{t+|ku|bêjename|f}}, {{t+|ku|qamûs|f}}, {{t+|ku|فه‌رهه‌نگ|sc=KUchar}}
* [[Kyrgyz]]: {{Cyrl|[[сөздүк]]}} (sözdük)
{{trans-mid}}
* Latin: {{t-|la|dictionarium|n}}
* Latvian: {{t+|lv|vārdnīca|f|xs=Latvian}}
* Lithuanian: {{t+|lt|žodynas|m|xs=Lithuanian}}
* [[Luxembourgish]]: [[Wierderbuch]] {{n}}, [[Dixionär]] {{m}}
* [[Malayalam]]: [[നിഘണ്ടു]] (nighantu)
* Maltese: [[dizzjunarju]] (dittsyunaryu)
* [[Manchu]]: (buleku bithe)
* Maori: [[pukapuka taki kupu]]
* [[Marathi]]: [[शब्दकोष]], [[विश्वकोष]]
* Nepali: [[शब्दकोश]] (shabdkosh)
* [[Northern Sami]]: [[sátnegirji]]
* Norwegian: {{t+|no|ordbok|m|f}}
* [[Novial]]: [[lexike]]
* Persian: {{fa-Arab|[[لغتنامه]]}} (loghat-nâme), {{fa-Arab|[[فرهنگ]]}} (farhang)
* Polish: {{t+|pl|słownik|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|dicionário|m}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|dicţionar|n}}
* [[Romansch]]: [[pledari]] {{m}}
* Russian: [[словарь]] (slovár’) {{m}}
* Sanskrit: [[निघण्टु]] {{unicode|(nighaṇṭu)}}
* [[Sardinian]]: [[dizionariu]] {{m}}
* [[Scots]]: [[dictionar]]
* [[Scottish Gaelic]]: [[faclair]] {{m}}
* Serbian:
*: Cyrillic: [[речник#Serbian|речник]] {{m}}
*: Roman: [[rečnik#Serbian|rečnik]] {{m}}
* [[Sicilian]]: [[vocabbulariu]] {{m}}
* [[Sinhala]]: [[shabda koshaya]]
* Slovak: {{t-|sk|slovník|m}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|slovar|m}}
* Somali: [[qaamuus]], [[abwan-ka]]
* Spanish: {{t+|es|diccionario|m}}
* Swahili: [[kamusi]] ''noun 5''
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|ordbok|c}}, {{t+|sv|lexikon|n}}
* [[Tamil]]: [[அகரமுதலி]] (akaramutali)
* [[Tatar]]: [[süzlek]]
* [[Telugu]]: [[పద కోశము]](pada kosamu), [[నిఘంటువు]] (nighamtuvu)
* Thai: {{Thai|[[พจนานุกรม]]}} (photnanukrom)
* Tibetan: [[ཚིག་མཛོད་]] (tshig mdzod)
* Turkish: [[sözlük]], [[lugat|lûgat]] (''obsolete'')
* Ukrainian: {{t+|uk|словник|m|tr=slóvnyk|sc=Cyrl|xs=Ukrainian}}
* Urdu: {{ur-Arab|[[لغت]]}} (lu&lt;u&gt;gh&lt;/u&gt;at)
* [[Uyghur]]: (lughät)
* Uzbek: {{Cyrl|[[луғат]]}} (lughat)
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|tự điển|xs=Vietnamese}}
* [[Volapük]]: [[vödabuk]]
* Welsh: {{t-|cy|geiriadur|xs=Welsh}}
* [[West Frisian]]: {{t+|fy|wurdboek|n|xs=West Frisian}}
* [[Xhosa]]: [[idikshinari]] ''noun 5''
* Yiddish: [[ווערטערבוך]] (vörterbukh)
* [[Zulu]]: [[isichazimazwi]] ''noun 4''
{{trans-bottom}}

[[Category:Pronunciations wildly different across the pond]]
[[Category:Reference works]]

[[ar:dictionary]]
[[zh-min-nan:dictionary]]
[[bs:dictionary]]
[[br:dictionary]]
[[ca:dictionary]]
[[cs:dictionary]]
[[da:dictionary]]
[[de:dictionary]]
[[et:dictionary]]
[[el:dictionary]]
[[es:dictionary]]
[[fr:dictionary]]
[[fy:dictionary]]
[[gl:dictionary]]
[[ko:dictionary]]
[[hy:dictionary]]
[[hi:dictionary]]
[[io:dictionary]]
[[id:dictionary]]
[[is:dictionary]]
[[it:dictionary]]
[[ka:dictionary]]
[[kk:dictionary]]
[[ku:dictionary]]
[[lo:dictionary]]
[[lt:dictionary]]
[[hu:dictionary]]
[[nl:dictionary]]
[[ja:dictionary]]
[[oc:dictionary]]
[[km:dictionary]]
[[pl:dictionary]]
[[pt:dictionary]]
[[ro:dictionary]]
[[ru:dictionary]]
[[simple:dictionary]]
[[sl:dictionary]]
[[sr:dictionary]]
[[su:dictionary]]
[[fi:dictionary]]
[[sv:dictionary]]
[[tl:dictionary]]
[[ta:dictionary]]
[[te:dictionary]]
[[vi:dictionary]]
[[tr:dictionary]]
[[uk:dictionary]]
[[zh:dictionary]]</text>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>free</title>
    <id>19</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4657522</id>
      <timestamp>2008-05-28T15:05:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DCDuring</username>
        <id>43828</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Adjective */ contexts</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">{{see|Free|-free}}
{{wikipedia|dab=free}}
==English==

{{rank|became|second|United|351|free|return|call|speak}}

===Etymology===
{{ME.}} {{term|fre}} &lt; {{OE.}} {{term|freo|frēo}}.

===Pronunciation===
* {{IPA|/fɹiː/}}, {{SAMPA|/fri:/}}
* {{audio|en-us-free.ogg|Audio (US)}}
*: {{rhymes|iː}}

===Adjective===
{{en-adj|freer|freest}}

# Not [[imprisoned]] or [[enslaved]].
#: ''a '''free''' [[man]]''
# Obtainable without [[payment]].
#: ''All drinks are '''free''''' &lt;!--#:''free of [[charge]]'' this example not unambiguous; could be the adverb--&gt;
# {{mathematics}} [[unconstrained|Unconstrained]].
#: ''He was given '''free''' rein to do whatever he wanted'' &lt;!--&quot;rein&quot;, not &quot;reign&quot;--&gt;
#: ''The '''free''' group on three generators''
# Unobstructed, without [[blockage]]s.
#: ''the drain was '''free'''''
# Without [[obligation]]s.
#: '''''free''' time''
# {{software}} With very few [[limitations]] on distribution or improvement compared to [[proprietary software]].
#: ''[[free software]]''
# To be [[release]]d.
#: ''We set the rabbit '''free'''''
# Being [[absent]] from it.
#: ''We had a wholesome, filling meal, '''free''' of meat''
# {{complang}} Of [[identifier]]s, not [[bound]].
# {{mycology}} Not attached to the [[stipe]].
#: ''In this group of mushrooms, the gills are '''free'''.''

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|Obtainable without payment}} [[gratis]]
* {{sense|Unobstructed}} [[libre]]

====Antonyms====
* [[bound]]

====Translations====
{{trans-top|not imprisoned}}
* Albanian: [[lirë]] (i/e)
* [[Amharic]]: [[ነፃ]]
* Armenian: [[ազատ]] (azat)
* [[Bambara]]: [[hɔrɔn]]
* [[Catalan]]: [[lliure]]
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{zh-ts|[[自由]]的|[[自由]]的}} ([[zì]][[yóu]][[de]])
* Croatian: {{t-|hr|slobodan}}
* Czech: {{t-|cs|svobodný|m}}, {{t-|cs|volný|m}}
* Danish: {{t-|da|fri}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|vrij}}, {{t+|nl|los}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[vrij]]&quot;: [[losse]] --&gt;
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|libera|xs=Esperanto}}
* Estonian: [[vaba]], [[prii]]
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|vapaa}}
* French: {{t+|fr|libre|m|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|frei}}, {{t-|de|ungebunden}}
* [[Gothic]]: [[freis]]
* Greek: {{t+|el|ελεύθερος|m|sc=Grek}} (eléftheros)
* Hebrew: {{he-translation|חופשי|khofshí}} {{m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[חופשי]]&quot;: {{he-translation|חופשיה|khofshiyá}} {{f}} --&gt;
* Hindi: [[आज़ाद]] (āzād)
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|szabad}}
* [[Ido]]: [[libera]]
* Indonesian: {{t-|id|bebas|xs=Indonesian}}
* [[Interlingua]]: [[libere]]
* Irish: {{t-|ga|saor|xs=Irish}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|libero|m}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|自由|じゆう|tr={{Jpan|sc=Jpan}}, jiyū}}
* Korean: {{t+|ko|자유|tr=jayu|sc=Hang}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Kurdish:
*: Kurmanji: [[azad]], [[serbest]], [[rizgar]]
*: Sorani: {{t|ku|ئازاد|tr=AzAd|sc=KUchar}}, {{t|ku|ڕزگار|tr=RizgAr|sc=KUchar}}
* Latin: {{t+|la|liber|m|alt=līber}}
* Latvian: [[brīvs]] {{m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[brīvs]]&quot;: [[brīva]] {{f}} --&gt;
* [[Limburgish]]: [[vrie]]
* Lithuanian: [[laisvas]] {{m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[laisvas]]&quot;: [[laisva]] {{f}} --&gt;
* [[Malayalam]]: [[സ്വതന്ത്രം]] (svathanthram)
* Norwegian: {{t-|no|fri}}
* [[Novial]]: [[liberi]]
* [[Occitan]]: [[liure]] {{m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[liure]]&quot;: [[liura]] {{f}} --&gt;
* Old English: [[freo|frēo]], [[freolic|frēolic]]
* Persian: {{t+|fa|آزاد|tr=āzād|sc=fa-Arab|xs=Persian}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wolny}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|livre|m|f}}
* Romanian: {{t-|ro|liber|m}}&lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[liber]]&quot;: [[liberă]] {{f}} --&gt;, [[slobod]]
* Russian: {{t+|ru|свободный|tr=svobódnyj|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|ru|вольный|tr=vól'nyj|sc=Cyrl}}
* Serbian: {{t-|sr|slobodan|m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[slobodan]]&quot;: [[slobodna]] {{f}} --&gt;
* [[Sindhi]]: {{SDchar|[[آزاد]]}} (āzād)
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|svoboden|m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[svoboden]]&quot;: [[svobodna]] {{f}}, [[svobodno]] {{n}} --&gt;
* Spanish: {{t+|es|libre|m|f}}
* Swahili: {{t-|sw|huru|xs=Swahili}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fri}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|hür}}
* Ukrainian: [[вільний]] {{m}}
* Urdu: {{t+|ur|آزاد|tr=āzād|sc=ur-Arab|xs=Urdu}}
* [[West Frisian]]: {{t+|fy|frijlitten|xs=West Frisian}}, {{t+|fy|frij|xs=West Frisian}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|obtainable without payment}}
* [[Afrikaans]]: [[verniet]], [[gratis]]
* Albanian: {{t-|sq|falas|xs=Albanian}}
* [[Amharic]]: [[ነፃ]]
* Armenian: [[անվճար]] (anvtshar)
* [[Bambara]]: [[gansan]]
* [[Catalan]]: [[de franc]], [[gratuït]], [[gratis]]
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{zh-ts|[[免]][[費]]的|[[免]][[费]]的}} ([[miǎn]][[fèi]][[de]])
* Croatian: {{t+|hr|besplatan}}
* Czech: {{t-|cs|zdarma}}, {{t-|cs|bezplatný|m}}, {{t-|cs|volný|m}}
* Danish: {{t-|da|gratis}}, {{t-|da|fri}}
* Dutch: [[gratis#Dutch|gratis]], [[kosteloos]], [[kosteloze]], [[verniet]] (Flanders)
* Esperanto: {{t-|eo|senkosta|xs=Esperanto}}, {{t-|eo|senpaga|xs=Esperanto}}
* Estonian: [[tasuta]]
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|ilmainen}}, {{t-|fi|maksuton}}
* French: {{t+|fr|gratuit|m}}, {{t+|fr|gratis|m|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|umsonst}}, {{t+|de|gratis}}, {{t+|de|kostenlos}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|δωρεάν|tr=doreán|sc=Grek}} &lt;!--is this ancient Greek? Yes but it's a perfectly good MGr word too.--&gt;
* Hebrew: {{he-translation|חינם|khinám}}, {{he-translation|חופשי|khofshí}} {{m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[חופשי]]&quot;: {{he-translation|חופשית|khofshít}} {{f}} --&gt;
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|szabad}}, {{t+|hu|ingyenes}}
* [[Ido]]: [[gratuita]]
* Indonesian: [[gratis]], [[bebas biaya]]
* [[Interlingua]]: [[gratis]], [[gratuite]]
* Italian: {{t+|it|gratuito|m}}, {{t+|it|gratis}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Japanese: {{t|ja|無料|[[むりょう]]|tr={{Jpan|sc=Jpan}}, muryō}}, {{t-|ja|ただ|tr=tada|sc=Jpan}}
* Korean: {{t|ko|무료||alt=무료의|tr=muryo-ui|sc=Hang}}&lt;!-- show &quot;無料&quot; in &quot;무료&quot;--&gt;, {{t+|ko|공짜|alt=공짜(의)|tr=gongjja(ui)|sc=Hang}}
* Kurdish:
*: Kurmanji: [[belaş]], [[bêpare]], [[bedewa]], [[herwe]]
*: Sorani: {{t|ku|به‌لاش|tr=balAsh|sc=KUchar}}
* Latvian: [[bezmaksas]]
* Lithuanian: [[nemokamas]] {{m}}
* Malay: [[gratis]],  [[percuma]]
* [[Malayalam]]: [[സൌജന്യം]] (soujanyam)
* Norwegian: {{t-|no|gratis}}
* Polish: [[darmowy]], [[bezpłatny]]
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|grátis|m|f}}, {{t+|pt|gratuito|m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[gratuito]]&quot;: gratuita {{f}} --&gt;
* Romanian: {{t-|ro|gratis}}, {{t-|ro|gratuit|m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[gratuit]]&quot;: [[gratuită]] {{f}} --&gt;
* Russian: {{t|ru|бесплатный|tr=b'esplátnyj|sc=Cyrl}}
* Serbian: [[besplatno]], [[džaba]]
* [[Sindhi]]: {{SDchar|[[مفت|مُفت]]}}
* Slovene: [[zastonj]]
* Spanish: {{t-|es|gratis}}
* Swahili: {{t-|sw|bure|xs=Swahili}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|gratis}}, {{t+|sv|fri}}, {{t-|sv|kostnadsfri}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|bedava}}
* Ukrainian: [[безкоштовний]] {{m}}
* [[West Frisian]]: {{t+|fy|fergees|xs=West Frisian}}, {{t+|fy|frij|xs=West Frisian}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|unconstrained}}
* Albanian: [[pafre]]
* [[Amharic]]: [[ነፃ]]
* Armenian: [[առանց]] (arranc‛)
* [[Bambara]]: [[hɔrɔn]]
* [[Catalan]]: [[lliure]]
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{zh-ts|[[自由]]的|[[自由]]的}} ([[zì]][[yóu]][[de]])
* Croatian: {{t-|hr|neograničen}}, {{t-|hr|slobodan}}
* Czech: {{t-|cs|volný|m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[volný]]&quot;: {{t-|cs|volná|f}}, {{t-|cs|volné|n}} --&gt;
* Danish: {{t-|da|fri}}
* Dutch: [[vrij]], [[los]]&lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[los]]&quot;: [[losse]] --&gt;, [[loslopend]] &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[loslopend]]&quot;: [[loslopende]] --&gt;
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|libera|xs=Esperanto}}
* Estonian: [[vaba]], [[prii]]
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|vapaa}}, {{t-|fi|rajoittamaton}}
* French: {{t+|fr|libre|m|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|frei}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ελεύθερος|m|tr=eléftheros|sc=Grek}}
* Hebrew: {{he-translation|פנוי|panúy|m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[פנוי]]&quot;: {{he-translation|פנויה|panuyá}} {{f}} --&gt;
* [[Ido]]: [[libera]]
* [[Interlingua]]: [[libere]], [[franc]]
{{trans-mid}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|libero|m}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|自由|[[じゆう]]|tr={{Jpan|sc=Jpan}}, jiyū}}, {{t|ja|自発的|[[じはつてき]]|tr={{Jpan|sc=Jpan}}, jihatsuteki}}
* Korean: {{t-|ko|자유적|tr=jayujeok|sc=Hang}} &lt;!-- 自由的 --&gt;
* Kurdish:
*: Kurmanji: [[berdayî]]
*: Sorani: {{t|ku|سه‌ربه‌ست|tr=sarbast|sc=KUchar}}
* Latin: {{t|la|līber|m}}
* [[Limburgish]]: [[vrie]]
* Norwegian: {{t-|no|fri}}, {{t-|no|løs}}
* [[Novial]]: [[liberi]]
* Old English: {{t-|ang|freo|alt=frēo|xs=Old English}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wolny}}
* Portuguese: [[livre#Portuguese|livre]] {{m}} and {{f}}
* Romanian: {{t-|ro|liber|m}}&lt;!-- [[liberă]] {{f}}--&gt;, [[neîmpiedicat]]
* Russian: {{t+|ru|свободный|tr=svobódnyj|sc=Cyrl}}
* Serbian: [[povoljno]], [[voljno]]
* [[Sindhi]]: {{SDchar|[[چٽل|ڇُٽَلُ]]}} {{m}}; {{SDchar|[[چٽل|ڇُٽَلَ]]}} {{f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|libre|m|f}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fri}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|serbest}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|unobstructed}}
* Albanian: [[lirë]] (i/e)
* [[Catalan]]: [[lliure]]
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{zh-ts|[[通暢]]的|[[通畅]]的}} ([[tōng]][[chàng]][[de]]), {{zh-ts|[[順暢]]的|[[順畅]]的}} ([[shùn]][[chàng]][[de]])
* Croatian: {{t-|hr|slobodan}}, {{t-|hr|otvoren}}
* Czech: {{t-|cs|volný|m}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|vrij}}, {{t-|nl|vrije}}, {{t+|nl|open}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|libera|xs=Esperanto}}
* Estonian: [[piiramatu]], [[takistamatu]]
* Finnish: [[auki]] (''adverb''), [[aukinainen]], [[avoin]], [[esteetön]], [[selvä]]
* French: {{t+|fr|libre|m|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|frei}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ελεύθερος|m|sc=Grek}} (eléftheros)
* Hebrew: {{he-translation|פנוי|panúy}} {{m}} &lt;!-- {{he-translation|פנויה|panuyá}} {{f}} --&gt;
* [[Ido]]: [[libera]]
* [[Interlingua]]: [[libere]], [[franc]]
* Italian: {{t+|it|libero|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Japanese: {{t-|ja|そのまま|tr=sonomama|sc=Jpan}}
* Korean: {{t-|ko|막힘|alt=막힘없는|tr=makhimeopneun|sc=Hang}}
* Kurdish:
*: Kurmanji: [[vekirî]], [[vebûyî]]
* [[Limburgish]]: [[vrie]]
* Norwegian: {{t+|no|åpen}}, {{t-|no|fri}}
* [[Novial]]: [[liberi]]
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wolny}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|livre}}
* Romanian: {{t-|ro|liber|m}}&lt;!-- [[liberă]] {{f}} --&gt;, [[neîmpiedicat]]
* Russian: {{t|ru|беспрепятственный|tr=b'espr'ep'átstv'ennyj|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|ru|свободный|tr=svobódnyj|sc=Cyrl}}
* [[Sindhi]]: {{SDchar|[[خلاصو|خُلاصو]]}} {{m}}; {{SDchar|[[خلاصي|خلاصِي]]}} {{f}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|prost|m}} &lt;!-- move inflections to &quot;[[prost]]&quot;: [[prosta]] {{f}}, [[prosto]] {{n}} --&gt;
* Spanish: {{t+|es|libre|m|f}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|engellenmemiş}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|without obligations}}
* Albanian: [[pazënë]] (i/e)
* [[Bambara]]: [[hɔrɔn]]
* [[Catalan]]: [[liure]]
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{zh-ts|[[自由]]的|[[自由]]的}} ([[zì]][[yóu]][[de]])
* Croatian: {{t-|hr|slobodan}}
* Czech: {{t-|cs|volný|m}}
* Danish: {{t-|da|fri}}
* Dutch: [[vrij]], [[ongedwongen]]
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|libera|xs=Esperanto}}
* Estonian: {{t-|et|vaba}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|vapaa}}
* French: {{t+|fr|libre|m|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|frei}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ελεύθερος|m|tr=eléftheros|sc=Grek}}, {{t+|el|απαλλαγμένος|m|alt=απαλλαγμένος από|tr=apallagménos apó|sc=Grek}} (''free from'')
* Hebrew: {{he-translation|פנוי|panúy}} {{m}}&lt;!-- {{he-translation|פנויה|panuyá}} {{f}} --&gt;, {{he-translation|חופשי|khofshí}} {{m}} &lt;!-- {{he-translation|חופשיה|khofshiyá}} {{f}} --&gt;
* Hungarian: {{t+|hu|szabad}}
* [[Ido]]: [[libera]]
* [[Interlingua]]: [[libere]]
{{trans-mid}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|libero|m}}
* Japanese: {{t+|ja|自由|[[じゆう]]|tr={{Jpan|sc=Jpan}}, jiyū}}, {{t-|ja|勝手|[[かって]]|tr={{Jpan|sc=Jpan}}, katte}}
* Korean: {{t-|ko|자의|tr=ja-ui|sc=Hang}} &lt;!-- 自意 --&gt;
* Kurdish:
*: Kurmanji: [[azad]], [[serbest]]
* [[Limburgish]]: [[vrie]]
* Norwegian: {{t-|no|fri}}, {{t-|no|ledig}}
* [[Novial]]: [[liberi]]
* Old English: {{t-|ang|freo|alt=frēo|xs=Old English}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wolny}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|livre}}
* Romanian: {{t-|ro|liber|m}} &lt;!-- [[liberă]] {{f}} --&gt;
* Russian: {{t+|ru|свободный|tr=svobódnyj|sc=Cyrl}}
* Serbian: [[bezobavezno]]
* [[Sindhi]]: {{SDchar|[[فارِغ]]}}; {{SDchar|[[واندو]]}} {{m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[واندو]]&quot;: {{SDchar|[[واندي|واندِي]]}} {{f}} --&gt;
* Slovenian: {{t+|sl|prost|m}} &lt;!-- move inflection to &quot;[[prost]]&quot;: [[prosta]] {{f}}, [[prosto]] {{n}} --&gt;
* Spanish: {{t+|es|libre}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fri}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|serbest}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|of software, guaranteeing freedom to users and developers}}
* Albanian: [[lejuar]] (i/e)
* [[Bambara]]: [[hɔrɔn]]
* [[Catalan]]: [[lliure]]
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{zh-ts|[[自由]]的|[[自由]]的}} ([[zì]][[yóu]][[de]])
* Croatian: {{t-|hr|slobodan}}
* Danish: {{t-|da|fri}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|vrij}}, {{t-|nl|vrije}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|libera|xs=Esperanto}}
* Estonian: {{t-|et|vaba}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|ilmainen}}, {{t-|fi|ilmais-}}, {{t+|fi|avoin}}
* French: {{t+|fr|libre|m|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|frei}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ελεύθερος|m|sc=Grek}} (eléftheros)
* Hebrew: {{he-translation|חופשי|khofshí}} {{m}} &lt;!-- {{he-translation|חופשית|khofshít}} {{f}} --&gt;
* [[Ido]]: [[libera]]
* [[Interlingua]]: [[libere]]
{{trans-mid}}
* Italian: [[libero]], [[free]], [[libre]] (software)
* Japanese: [[フリー]](hurī)
* Korean: {{t+|ko|자유|tr=jayu|sc=Hang}}
* Kurdish:
*: Kurmanji: [[azad]], [[vekirî]], [[serbest]]
* [[Limburgish]]: [[vrie]]
* Lithuanian: [[nemokama]]
* Norwegian: {{t-|no|fri}}
* [[Novial]]: [[liberi]]
* Polish: {{t+|pl|wolny}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|livre|m|f}}
* Romanian: {{t-|ro|gratuit}}, {{t-|ro|liber}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|бесплатный|tr=b'esplátnyj|sc=Cyrl}}
* [[Sindhi]]: {{SDchar|[[کليل|کُليلُ]]}} {{m}} &lt;!-- {{SDchar|[[کليل|کُليلَ]]}} {{f}} --&gt;
* Spanish: {{t+|es|libre}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fri}}
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|özgür}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|released}}
* Albanian: [[lirë]] (i/e)
* Chinese:
*: Mandarin: {{zh-ts|[[自由]]的|[[自由]]的}} ([[zì]][[yóu]][[de]])
* Croatian: {{t-|hr|oslobođen}}, {{t-|hr|pušten}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|vapaa}}
{{trans-mid}}
* German: {{t+|de|entlassen}}, {{t-|de|befreit}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|wolny}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|свободный|tr=svobódnyj|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t|ru|освобождённый|tr=osvobožd'ónnyj|sc=Cyrl}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fri}}, {{t+|sv|lös}}, {{t+|sv|släppt}}
* [[West Frisian]]: {{t+|fy|frijlitten|xs=West Frisian}}, {{t+|fy|befrijt|xs=West Frisian}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|being absent from it}}
* Albanian: {{t-|sq|pa|xs=Albanian}}
* Finnish: [[-ton]], [[ilman]] ([[jotakin]])
* German: [[frei von]]
{{trans-mid}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|senza}}
* Polish: {{t|pl|wolny}}
* Swedish: {{t+|sv|fri}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{checktrans-top}}
* {{ttbc|Hungarian}}: [[szabad]] (1, 2), [[ingyenes]] (5), [[nélkül]] (3)
* {{ttbc|Indonesian}}: [[bebas]] / [[merdeka]] (1), [[gratis]] / [[cuma-cuma]] (2), [[bebas]] / [[merdeka]], [[gratis]] (5), [[cuma-cuma]], [[tanpa]], [[kosong]]
* {{ttbc|Irish}}: [[saor]]
* {{ttbc|Lithuanian}}: [[be]] (3); [[neribotas]] (4);
* {{ttbc|Low Saxon}}: [[fri]], [[leddig]], [[lerrig]], [[ledig]]
{{trans-mid}}
* {{ttbc|Occitan}}: [[liure]] (1,3), [[dobèrt]] (2), [[gratis]] (5), [[gratuït]] (5),
* {{ttbc|Serbian}}: [[slobodan]] (1), [[besplatan]] (5)
* {{ttbc|Slovak}}: [[slobodný]], [[bezplatný]], [[slobodný]] (1), [[voľný]] (1, 2, 4), [[bezplatný]] (5)
* {{ttbc|Tamil}}: [[இலவசம]]
* {{ttbc|Volapük}}: [[libik]], [[livik]]
{{trans-bottom}}

===Adverb===
{{en-adv}}

# {{informal}} In a way which is free, especially with regard to contraints or price.
#: ''I got this bike '''free'''.''

====Translations====
{{trans-top|in a way which is free}}
* Albanian: {{t-|sq|falas|xs=Albanian}}
* Finnish: {{t-|fi|ilmaiseksi}}
{{trans-mid}}
* French: {{t+|fr|gratis}}, {{t+|fr|gratos}}
* Russian: {{t|ru|свободно|tr=svobódno|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t-|ru|бесплатно|tr=b'esplátno|sc=Cyrl}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Verb===
{{en-verb|free|d}}

# {{transitive}} To make free; set at [[liberty]]; [[release]]; rid of that which confines, limits, embarrasses, or oppresses.

====Translations====
{{trans-top|make free}}
* [[Afrikaans]]: [[bevry]], [[loslaat]], [[laat gaan]]
* Albanian: [[liroj]]
* Danish: [[befri]], [[fritage]], [[løslade]]
* Dutch: {{t-|nl|bevrijden}}, {{t-|nl|loslaten}}, {{t+|nl|laten gaan}}
* Esperanto: {{t-|eo|liberi|xs=Esperanto}}
* Estonian: [[vabastama]], [[vabaks laskma]]
* Finnish: [[vapauttaa]], [[päästää]] [[vapaa|vapaaksi]]
* French: [[libérer]], [[dégager]] (''free someone from prison'')
* German: {{t+|de|befreien}}
* Greek: {{t+|el|ελευθερώνω|sc=Grek}} (eleftheróno)
* Hebrew: {{he-translation|לשחרר|leshakhrér}}
* [[Interlingua]]: [[liberar]]
* Italian: {{t+|it|liberare}}
* Kurdish: {{KUchar|[[ڕزگار کردن]]}}
* Latin: {{t-|la|liberare}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Lithuanian: [[išlaisvinti]]
* Norwegian: {{t-|no|frigjøre}}, {{t-|no|frigi}}, {{t-|no|befri}}, {{t-|no|løslate}}
* [[Occitan]]: [[desliurar]]
* Old English: {{t-|ang|freogan|alt=frēoġan|xs=Old English}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|libertar}}, {{t+|pt|livrar}}, {{t+|pt|soltar}}
* Romanian: [[a elibera]]
* Russian: {{t|ru|освобождать|tr=osvoboždát'|sc=Cyrl}} {{impf}}, {{t+|ru|освободить|tr=osvobodít'|sc=Cyrl}} {{pf}}
* Serbian: [[osloboditi]]
* Slovak: {{t+|sk|oslobodiť}}
* Slovene: [[osvoboditi]]
* Spanish: {{t-|es|librar}}
* Swedish: [[befria]], [[frita]](ga) &lt;!--[[fria]]: Someone please give an example of this?---&gt;
* Turkish: [[serbest bırakmak]]
{{trans-bottom}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun}}

# {{aussie-rules}} Abbreviation of [[free kick]].
#: 2006: ''Whether deserved or not, the '''free''' gave Cresswell the chance to cover himself in glory with a shot on goal after the siren.'' [http://footballlegends.org/daryn_cresswell.htm] &lt;!-- a typical, but not especially notable usage here, feel '''free''' (pun intended) to replace with a better one --&gt;

====Translations====
&lt;!-- Only abbreviated forms here (if they exist), please --&gt;
{{trans-top|abbreviation of free kick}}
* Finnish: {{t-|fi|vapari}}
{{trans-mid}}
* German: {{t+|de|Freistoss}}
{{trans-bottom}}

===Anagrams===
* [[reef]]

===Derived terms===
* [[free abelian group]]
* [[free algebra]]
* [[freeball]]
* [[freedom]]
* [[free fall]]
* [[free group]]
* [[freelance]]
* [[freelancer]]
* [[freeloader]]
* [[Freemason]]
* [[free module]]
* [[free object]]
* [[free rein]]&lt;!--Note: this is the only correct spelling of this expression--&gt;
* [[free semigroup]]
* [[free variable]]
* [[freeware]]

===See also===
* [[-free]]

[[Category:1000 English basic words]]

[[ar:free]]
[[el:free]]
[[es:free]]
[[fa:free]]
[[fr:free]]
[[fy:free]]
[[hy:free]]
[[io:free]]
[[id:free]]
[[it:free]]
[[kk:free]]
[[ku:free]]
[[lo:free]]
[[la:free]]
[[lt:free]]
[[hu:free]]
[[nl:free]]
[[ja:free]]
[[pl:free]]
[[pt:free]]
[[ru:free]]
[[simple:free]]
[[sd:free]]
[[sk:free]]
[[fi:free]]
[[sv:free]]
[[ta:free]]
[[te:free]]
[[vi:free]]
[[tr:free]]
[[uk:free]]
[[zh:free]]</text>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>thesaurus</title>
    <id>20</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4110660</id>
      <timestamp>2008-04-14T15:37:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AutoFormat</username>
        <id>32732</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>sorted/rebalanced translations</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">{{see|Thesaurus}}
{{wikipedia}}
==English==

===Etymology===
16th century, from [[New Latin]] '''[[thesaurus#Latin|thesaurus]]''' &quot;treasure&quot; &lt; [[Classical Latin]] '''[[thesaurus#Latin|thesaurus]]''' &lt; {{AGr.}} '''{{polytonic|[[θησαυρός]]}}''' (thēsauros) &quot;storehouse&quot; or &quot;treasure&quot;; its current English usage/meaning was established soon after the publication of Peter Roget's ''Thesaurus of English Words and Phrases'' in 1852

===Pronunciation===
*: Rhymes: [[Rhymes:English:-ɔːrəs|-ɔːrəs]]

===Noun===
{{en-noun|thesauri|pl2=thesauruses}}

# A [[publication]], usually in the form of a [[book]], that provides [[synonym]]s (and sometimes [[antonym]]s) for the [[word]]s of a given [[language]].
#: ''Wiktionary is a '''thesaurus''' and dictionary''.
# {{archaic}} A [[dictionary]] or [[encyclopedia]].

====Translations====
{{trans-top|book of synonyms}}
* Czech: [[tezaurus#Czech|tezaurus]] {{m}}
* Dutch: thesaurus {{m}}, [[synoniemenwoordenboek]] {{n}}
* Esperanto: [[tezaŭro]]
* French: [[dictionnaire des synonymes]]
* German: [[Thesaurus]] {{m}}
* Hungarian: [[szinonímaszótár]] [[:hu:szinonímaszótár|°]]
* Italian: [[dizionario dei sinonimi]]
{{trans-mid}}
* Japanese: [[シソーラス]] (shisōrasu), [[類語辞典]] (ruigo jiten)
* Polish: [[tezaurus]] {{m}}
* Portuguese: [[dicionário]] de [[sinônimos]] {{m}}, [[tesauro]] {{m}}, thesaurus {{m}}
* Russian: [[тезаурус]]
* Spanish: [[tesauro]] {{m}}
* Swedish: [[synonymordbok]]
{{trans-bottom}}

===See also===
* [[Wiktionary:Wikisaurus|Wikisaurus]]

===External links===
* ''Roget's Thesaurus can be found at:'' http://www.bartleby.com/thesauri

[[Category:Reference works]]

----

==Latin==

, in sexual activity in a public place, on the pretence of ''walking the dog''; see also [[dogging]].
#: ''I admit that I like to '''dog''' at my local country park.''

====Synonyms====
* {{i-c|go after with intent to catch}} [[chase]], [[chase after]], [[go after]], [[pursue]], [[tag]], [[tail]], [[track]], [[trail]]

===See also===
* [[bitch]]
* [[canine]]
* [[cynomorphic]]
* [[cynomorphism]]
* [[dog-tired]]
* [[doggy]]
* [[flea bag]]
* [[going to the dogs]]
* [[hound]]
* [[pup]], [[puppy]]

===Anagrams===
* [[god]]

[[Category:1000 English basic words]]
[[Category:Dogs| ]]
[[Category:English three letter words]]
[[Category:Mammals]]

----

==Danish==

===Conjunction===
{{infl|da|conjunction}}

# [[though]]

----

==[[Mbabaram]]==

===Etymology===
Not a borrowing from English, but an independent and regular development from the proto-Australian word *''gudaga'', thus: Mbabaram ''dog'' &lt; *''dwog(a)'' &lt; *''udwoga'' &lt; *''gudwaga'' &lt; proto-Australian *''gudaga''. Confer [[Dyirbal]] ''[[guda]]'', [[Yidin]] ''[[gudaga]]''.

===Noun===
{{infl|vmb|noun}}

# [[#English|dog]]

----

==Swedish==

===Verb===
{{infl|sv|verb form}}

# (''past tense of [[dö]]'') [[die]]d

----

==Torres Strait Creole==

===Etymology===
{{E.|tcs}} {{term|dog}}.

===Noun===
{{infl|tcs|noun}}

# [[dog#English|dog]]

[[Category:tcs:Mammals]]

[[af:dog]]
[[ang:dog]]
[[ar:dog]]
[[zh-min-nan:dog]]
[[br:dog]]
[[bg:dog]]
[[ca:dog]]
[[da:dog]]
[[de:dog]]
[[et:dog]]
[[el:dog]]
[[es:dog]]
[[eo:dog]]
[[eu:dog]]
[[fa:dog]]
[[fr:dog]]
[[fy:dog]]
[[ga:dog]]
[[gd:dog]]
[[gl:dog]]
[[ko:dog]]
[[hy:dog]]
[[hi:dog]]
[[io:dog]]
[[id:dog]]
[[is:dog]]
[[it:dog]]
[[kk:dog]]
[[ky:dog]]
[[sw:dog]]
[[ku:dog]]
[[lo:dog]]
[[la:dog]]
[[lt:dog]]
[[hu:dog]]
[[nl:dog]]
[[ja:dog]]
[[oc:dog]]
[[ug:dog]]
[[pl:dog]]
[[pt:dog]]
[[ro:dog]]
[[ru:dog]]
[[simple:dog]]
[[sr:dog]]
[[fi:dog]]
[[sv:dog]]
[[ta:dog]]
[[te:dog]]
[[th:dog]]
[[vi:dog]]
[[chr:dog]]
[[tr:dog]]
[[uk:dog]]
[[vo:dog]]
[[zh:dog]]</text>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wiktionary:Language considerations</title>
    <id>25</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4702856</id>
      <timestamp>2008-06-08T00:21:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Gbeebani</username>
        <id>34492</id>
      </contributor>
      <text xml:space="preserve">{{shortcut|WT:LC}}

While this Wiktionary is known as the English Wiktionary, it is still a matter of fundamental policy that this dictionary includes &quot;all words in all languages&quot;.  To the broad extent that this is applicable it necessitates that some articles will need to reflect the structure and peculiatities of the language in question at the moment.

The pages listed below deal with how to manage entries in a specific language, or instances of words in that language on other pages.  

*[[Wiktionary:About Algonquian languages]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Arabic]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Chinese]]
:[[Wiktionary:About Chinese characters]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Czech]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Dutch]]
*[[Wiktionary:About French]]
*[[Wiktionary:About German]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Greek]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Ancient Greek]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Hebrew]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Hungarian]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Japanese]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Korean]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Kurdish]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Latin]]
:[[Wiktionary:About Latin/Pronunciation]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Old English]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Persian]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Romanian]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Russian]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Sanskrit]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Serbian]]
*[[Wiktionary:About sign languages]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Spanish]]
*[[Wiktionary:About Swedish]]

There are some general issues that affect a wide range of languages. These include
*[[Wiktionary:Transliteration|Transliteration]]
*[[Wiktionary:Languages with more than one grammatical gender|Existence of more than one grammatical gender]]

==See also==
* [[Wiktionary:Inflection templates]] for a list of templates ordered by language.
* [[Wiktionary Appendix:Writing systems and alphabets]]

[[Category:Wiktionary:Multilingual issues|Language considerations]]
[[Category:Pages containing style information|D{{PAGENAME}}]]</text>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>encyclopedia</title>
    <id>27</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4706839</id>
      <timestamp>2008-06-08T22:44:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>156.34.52.127</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* English */</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">{{see|encyclopaedia}}
{{wikipedia}}
==English==

===Alternative spellings===
* [[encyclopædia]]
* (''chiefly British''): '''[[encyclopaedia]]'''. The spelling '''encyclopedia''' is standard in American English, accepted in Australian, Canadian, and International English, and is also common in British English.

===Etymology===
From {{L.}} '''[[encyclopædia]]''' &lt; {{AGr.}} '''{{polytonic|[[ἐγκύκλιος παιδεία]]}}''' (enkyklios paideia) &lt; '''{{polytonic|[[ἐγκύκλιος]]}}''' (enkyklios) &quot;circular, rounded, round&quot; &lt; '''{{polytonic|[[κύκλος]]}}''' (kyklos) &quot;circle&quot; + '''{{polytonic|[[παιδεία]]}}''' (paideia) &quot;the rearing of a child&quot;, or &quot;education&quot;, from '''{{polytonic|[[παιδίον]]}}''' (paidion) &quot;child&quot;.

===Pronunciation===
* {{ipacregion|Canada}} {{ipac|ənˌsaɪkləˈpidiə|en-ca-synth-encyclopedia.ogg|CA synth}}
* {{audio|en-us-encyclopedia.ogg|Audio (US)}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun}}

# A [[comprehensive]] [[reference work]] with articles on a range of topics. Some encyclopedias are intended to convey general [[knowledge]], while others focus on one [[discipline]], [[subject]], [[nationality]] or [[ethnicity]]. Since the 18th century, they have always been arranged in some systematic order, usually alphabetical. Encyclopedias may span several volumes (if printed), and contain illustrations, maps and statistics.

====Related terms====
* [[encyclopedic]]
* [[encyclopedic fiction]]
* [[encyclopedist]]

====Translations====
{{trans-top|comprehensive reference with articles on a range of topic}}
* [[Afrikaans]]: [[ensiklopedie]]
* Alsatian: [[Enzyklopädie]]
* Arabic: {{Arab|[[موسوعة]]}} {{unicode|(mausú:ʕa)}} {{f}}
* [[Basque]]: [[entziklopedia]]
* Bosnian: {{t-|bs|enciklopedija|f}}
* Bulgarian: [[енциклопедия]] (entsiklopédija) {{f}}
* [[Catalan]]: [[enciclopèdia]]
* Chinese: [[百科全書]], [[百科全书]] (bǎikē quánshū)
* Croatian: {{t-|hr|enciklopedija|f}}
* Czech: {{t+|cs|encyklopedie|f}}
* Danish: [[encyklopædi]]
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|encyclopedie|m}}
* Esperanto: {{t+|eo|enciklopedio|xs=Esperanto}}
* Estonian: [[entsüklopeedia]]
* Faroese: [[Alfrøðibók]]
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|tietosanakirja}}, {{t+|fi|ensyklopedia}}
* French: {{t+|fr|encyclopédie|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Enzyklopädie|f}}
* [[Gothic]]: (einkeiklopeidya)?
* Greek: {{t+|el|εγκυκλοπαίδεια|f|sc=Grek}} (egkyklopaídeia)
* Hebrew: [[אנציקלופדיה|אֶנְצִיקְלוֹפֶּדְיָה]] (entsiklopedya) {{f}}
* Hindi: [[ज्ञानकोष]] (gyānkoś)
* Icelandic: [[alfræðiorðabók]] {{f}}
* [[Ido]]: [[enciklopedio]]
* Indonesian: {{t-|id|ensiklopedia|xs=Indonesian}}
* [[Interlingua]]: encyclopedia
* Italian: {{t+|it|enciclopedia|f}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Japanese: [[百科事典]]　(ひゃっかじてん), [[大事典]] (だいじてん, dai-jiten)
* Korean: [[백과사전]] (百科事典, baekkwasajeon)
* Latin: {{t-|la|encyclopaedia}}
* Latvian: [[enciklopēdija]] {{f}}
* [[Limburgish]]: [[encyklopedie]]
* Lithuanian: {{t+|lt|enciklopedija|f|xs=Lithuanian}}
* [[Low Saxon]]: [[nokieksel]]
* Luxemburgian: [[encyklopedie]]
* Norwegian: {{t+|no|encyklopedi}}
* Persian: {{fa-Arab|[[دانشنامه]]}} (daneshnameh)
* Polish: {{t+|pl|encyklopedia|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|enciclopédia|f}}
* Romanian: {{t+|ro|enciclopedie|f}}
* Russian: [[энциклопедия]] (entsiklopédija) {{f}}
* Serbian:
*: Cyrillic: [[енциклопедија#Serbian|енциклопедија]] {{f}}
*: Roman: [[enciklopedija#Serbian|enciklopedija]] {{f}}
* Slovak: {{t-|sk|encyklopédia}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|enciklopedija}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|enciclopedia|f}}
* Swedish: [[encyklopedi]] {{c}}, [[konversationslexikon]] {{n}}, [[uppslagsverk]] {{n}}
* [[Tagalog]]: [[ensiklopedya]]
* Thai: {{Thai|[[สารานุกรม]]}} (saranukrom)
* Turkish: {{t+|tr|ansiklopedi}}
* Ukrainian: [[енциклопедія]] (entsyklopédija) {{f}}
* Urdu: {{ur-Arab|[[جامع]]}} (jāme), {{ur-Arab|[[قاموس]]}} (qāmus)
* Vietnamese: [[sách bách khoa]] (冊百科)
{{trans-bottom}}

[[Category:Greek derivations]]
[[Category:Reference works]]

[[af:encyclopedia]]
[[ar:encyclopedia]]
[[zh-min-nan:encyclopedia]]
[[el:encyclopedia]]
[[fa:encyclopedia]]
[[fr:encyclopedia]]
[[io:encyclopedia]]
[[id:encyclopedia]]
[[lo:encyclopedia]]
[[lt:encyclopedia]]
[[hu:encyclopedia]]
[[nl:encyclopedia]]
[[ja:encyclopedia]]
[[pl:encyclopedia]]
[[ru:encyclopedia]]
[[simple:encyclopedia]]
[[fi:encyclopedia]]
[[ta:encyclopedia]]
[[tt:encyclopedia]]
[[te:encyclopedia]]
[[vi:encyclopedia]]
[[tr:encyclopedia]]
[[zh:encyclopedia]]</text>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>portmanteau</title>
    <id>29</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4605679</id>
      <timestamp>2008-05-21T00:42:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tbot</username>
        <id>44393</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>added t for fa</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">{{was wotd|2007|March|8}}
==English==
{{wikipedia}}

===Alternative spellings===
* {{sense|travelling case}} [[portmantua]]

===Etymology===
From {{F.}} {{term|portemanteau|lang=fr}}, literally {{term|porte||carry}} + {{term|manteau|lang=fr||coat}}

===Pronunciation===
* {{a|RP}} {{IPA|/pɔːtˈmæn.təʊ/}}, {{SAMPA|/pO:t&quot;m{nt@U/}}
* {{a|US}} {{enPR|pôrt'măntō}}, {{IPA|/pɔːrtˈmæntoʊ/}}, {{SAMPA|/pO:rt&quot;m{ntou/}}
* {{audio|en-us-portmanteau-1.ogg|Audio 1 (US)}}
* {{audio|en-us-portmanteau-2.ogg|Audio 2 (US)}}

===Noun===
{{en-noun|pl2=portmanteaux}}

# A large [[travel]]ling [[case]] usually made of [[leather]], and opening into two equal sections.
#* '''1667''', Charles Croke, ''Fortune's Uncertainty'':
#*: Rodolphus therefore finding such an earnest Invitation, embrac'd it with thanks, and with his Servant and '''Portmanteau''', went to Don Juan's; where they first found good Stabling for their Horses, and afterwards as good Provision for themselves.
# {{linguistics}} A [[portmanteau word]].
#* '''1872''', Lewis Carroll, ''Alice Through the Looking Glass'', the first usage in this sense:
#*: Well, &quot;slithy&quot; means &quot;lithe and slimy.&quot; &quot;Lithe&quot; is the same as &quot;active.&quot; You see it's like a '''portmanteau'''--there are two meanings packed up into one word.

====Synonyms====
* {{sense|portmanteau word}} [[blend]], [[frankenword]], [[portmanteau word]]

====Translations====

{{trans-top|case}}
* Albanian: {{t+|sq|baule|f|xs=Albanian}}
* Arabic: {{t-|ar|حقيبة سفر|sc=Arab}}
* [[Breton]]: [[mal]] {{f}}, [[malizenn]] {{f}}
* Bulgarian: [[голям]] [[кожен]] [[куфар]] {{m}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|koffer|f}}, {{t-|nl|valies|f}}
* Finnish: {{t+|fi|matkalaukku}}
* French: {{t+|fr|portemanteau|m}}, {{t+|fr|valise|f}}, {{t+|fr|malle|f}}
* German: {{t+|de|Koffer|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* [[Interlingua]]: [[valise#Interlingua|valise]]
* Persian: {{t+|fa|چمدان|tr=chamedan|sc=fa-Arab|xs=Persian}}
* Polish: {{t-|pl|waliza|f}}
* Portuguese: {{t-|pt|maleta|f}}, {{t+|pt|valise|f}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|чемодан|m|tr=čemodan|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|ru|баул|m|tr=baúl|sc=Cyrl}}, дорожная [[сумка]] {{f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|maleta|f}}, {{t-|es|valija|f}}
* Vietnamese: {{t+|vi|va li|xs=Vietnamese}}
{{trans-bottom}}

'''portmanteau word'''
''See'' '''[[portmanteau word]]'''

===Adjective===
{{en-adj|-}}

# {{context|used only before a noun|of a word, story, etc.}} Made by combining two words, stories, etc., in the manner of a linguistic portmanteau.

====Quotations====
* '''2002''', Nicholas Lezard, ''Spooky tales by the master and friends'' in ''The Guardian'' (London) (December 14, 2002) page 30:
*: The overall narrator of this '''portmanteau''' story - for Dickens co-wrote it with five collaborators on his weekly periodical, ''All the Year Round'' - expresses deep, rational scepticism about the whole business of haunting.
* '''2002''', Nick Bradshaw, ''One day in September'' in ''Time Out'' (December 11, 2002) Page 71:
*: We're so bombarded with images, it's a struggle to preserve our imaginations.' In response, he's turned to cinema, commissioning 11 film-makers to contribute to a '''portmanteau''' film, entitled '11'09&quot;01' and composed of short films each running 11 minutes, nine seconds and one frame.

====Derived terms====
* [[portmanteau film]]
* [[portmanteau word]]

===See also===
* [[:Category:Portmanteaus|List of portmanteau words defined in Wiktionary]]
* [[w:Portmanteau|Wikipedia article on portmanteaus (cases and words)]]

[[fr:portmanteau]]
[[ko:portmanteau]]
[[io:portmanteau]]
[[nl:portmanteau]]
[[no:portmanteau]]
[[simple:portmanteau]]
[[tl:portmanteau]]
[[te:portmanteau]]
[[vi:portmanteau]]
[[zh:portmanteau]]</text>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>encyclopaedia</title>
    <id>32</id>
    <revision>
      <id>4692516</id>
      <timestamp>2008-06-05T18:52:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Interwicket</username>
        <id>46132</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>iwiki +hu</comment>
      <text xml:space="preserve">{{see|encyclopedia}}
{{wikipedia}}
==English==

===Alternative spellings===
* encyclopædia (''dated, chiefly UK'')
* [[encyclopedia]] (''US, Canada, accepted in Australian and International English, and is also common in British English'')

===Pronunciation===
* {{audio|en-us-encyclopaedia.ogg|Audio (US)}}
*: Rhymes: [[Rhymes:English:-iːdiə|-iːdiə]]

===Noun===
{{en-noun|pl='''[[encyclopaedias]]''' or '''[[encyclopaediae]]'''}}

# A reference work (often in several volumes) containing in-depth articles on various topics (often arranged in alphabetical order or by category) dealing with a wide range of subjects or with some particular specialty

====Translations====
{{trans-top|reference book}}
* [[Catalan]]: [[enciclopèdia]]
* Chinese: [[百科全书]] (bǎikēquánshū)
* Danish: [[leksikon]], &lt;!--a [[Danish]]: --&gt;[[encyklopædi]]&lt;!-- are bigger and do have some longer and deeper articles.--&gt;
* Dutch: [[encyclopedie]] {{m}}
* Estonian: [[entsüklopeedia]]
* Finnish: [[tietosanakirja]], [[ensyklopedia]]
* French: [[encyclopédie]] {{f}}
* German: [[Lexikon]] {{n}}
* Hebrew: [[אנציקלופדיה]] (entsiklopediya) {{n}}
* Icelandic: [[alfræðirit]] {{n}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Indonesian: [[ensiklopedia]]
* [[Interlingua]]: [[encyclopedia]]
* Italian: [[enciclopedia]] {{f}}
* Japanese: [[大事典]] (だいじてん, dai-jiten), [[事典]], [[百科事典]]
* Latvian: [[enciklopēdija]] {{f}}
* Polish: [[encyklopedia]] {{f}}
* Portuguese: [[enciclopédia]] {{f}}
* Russian: [[энциклопедия]] (entsiklopédija) {{f}}
* Spanish: [[enciclopedia]] {{m}}
* Swedish: [[encyklopedi]]
{{trans-bottom}}
]
* [[Warlpiri]]: [[maliki]]
* Welsh: {{t-|cy|ci|xs=Welsh}}
* [[West Frisian]]: {{t+|fy|hûn|c|xs=West Frisian}}
* Yiddish: [[הונט]] (hunt) {{m}}
* [[Yucatec]]: [[pehk]]
* [[Yuchi]]: [[tsɛnɔ̣]]
* [[Yup'ik]]: [[qimugta]] {{s}}, [[qimugtak]] ''dual'', [[qimugtat]] {{p}}
* [[Zulu]]: [[inja]] ''(nc 9)''
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|male dog}}
* Aramaic:
*: Syriac: [[ܟܠܒܐ]] (kalbā’) {{m}}
*: Hebrew: [[כלבא]] (kalbā’) {{m}}
* Dutch: {{t+|nl|reu|m}}
* French: {{t+|fr|chien|m}}
* German: {{t-|de|Rüde|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|cane|m}}
* Lithuanian: {{t+|lt|šuo|m|xs=Lithuanian}}
{{trans-mid}}
* [[Novial]]: [[hundo]]
* [[Ojibwe]]: [[naabesim]], [[naabesimoog]] {{p}}
* Polish: {{t+|pl|pies|m}}
* Portuguese: {{t+|pt|cão|m}}, {{t+|pt|cães|p}}
* Russian: [[кобель]] (koběl’) {{m}}, [[пёс]] (pjos) {{m}}
* Slovene: {{t+|sl|pes|m}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|perro|m}}
* [[Tamil]]: [[நாய்]] (nāy)
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|dull, unattractive girl or woman}}
* French: {{t+|fr|thon|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Russian: {{t+|ru|крокодил|m|tr=krokodil|sc=Cyrl}}, {{t+|ru|жаба|f|tr=žába|sc=Cyrl}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|slang: man}}
''See [[guy]]''
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|morally reprehensible person, ''See also [[scoundrel]]''}}
* French: {{t+|fr|chien|m}}
* German: {{t+|de|Hund|m}}
* Italian: {{t+|it|cane|m}}
{{trans-mid}}
* Russian: [[негодяй]] (negodjáj) {{m}}, [[негодяйка]] (negodjájka) {{f}}, [[подлец]] (podléts) {{m}}, [[подлая]] (pódlaja) {{f}}
* Spanish: {{t+|es|perro|m}}
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|hinged catch}}
''See [[pawl]]''
{{trans-bottom}}

{{trans-top|metal support for logs}}
''See [[andiron]]''
{{trans-bottom}}

====References====
* Weisenberg, Michael (2000) ''[http://www.poker1.com/mcu/pokerdictionary/mculib_dictionary_info.asp The Official Dictionary of Poker].''  MGI/Mike Caro University.  ISBN 978-1880069523

===Verb===
{{en-verb|dog|g|ed}}

# {{transitive}} To go after with the intent to catch.
# {{transitive}} To follow in an annoying way, to constantly be affected by.
#: ''The woman cursed him so that trouble would '''dog''' his every step.''
# {{context|transitive|nautical}} To fasten a [[hatch]] securely.
#: ''It is very important to '''dog''' down these hatches...''
# {{context|transitive|emerging usage in|_|UK}} To watch, or participate